文档内容
第 1 讲 宏观把握 整体感知
一般来说，短文改错的材料篇幅较短，100词左右，10～12个句子；难度不大，语篇中
基本上无生僻的词汇和怪、偏、难的语法结构。短文改错的话题较常见，通常是叙述一件事
情或说明一个事物。从体裁上看，历年高考试题中的短文改错以记叙文为主，兼顾说明文、
议论文和应用文。短文改错通常从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，错误类型有多词、
缺词和错词三种。短文改错10处错误中，设错方式是有规律的，一般情况下，多词、缺词
各1个，错词8个，做完题后可按此规律进行查验。
主题 考点
形
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 主题语 名 动词、 连 副 代 冠 介
容
语境 境内容 词 数词 词 词 词 词 词
词
全国 人与 骑行与
议论文 1 4 2 1 0 1 0 1
乙卷 自我 健康
2022
全国 人与 家庭
记叙文 0 4 1 1 2 2 0 0
甲卷 自我 生活
全国 人与 家庭
记叙文 1 4 1 1 1 1 0 1
乙卷 自我 生活
2021
全国 人与 调查问
说明文 1 3 1 0 2 2 0 1
甲卷 自我 卷结果
全国 人与 家庭
记叙文 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 1
Ⅰ卷 自我 生活
2020
全国 人与 乐于
应用文 1 1 3 1 1 1 0 2
Ⅱ卷 自我 学习
通过对近几年的高考英语试题中短文改错的研究可以看出，命题者主要在行文逻辑、一
致关系、连接手段、平行结构、多词少词、母语干扰、冠词使用、名词数格、词语搭配以及词形辨析等方面进行设计和考查。从出题频率来看，考查最多的是动词错误，其次是连词的
误用、形容词与副词的转换以及名词、代词的误用等。因此在复习备考中，考生应该有所侧
重。
解题步骤
口诀致胜
动词形，名词数；冠词连词常光顾；
非谓语，细领悟；还要注意形和副；
代词格，常留心；习惯用法要记住；
句子成分多分析；逻辑错误须关注。
典例示范
(2022·全国乙) 动词形：
We all know that ②考查主谓一致。先行词people是集合名词，谓语动词用复数。
cycling is a ① 故将lives改为live。
exercise.A doctor tells ⑦考查语态。主语cars与take over之间是主谓关系，应用主动语
me people who ② the 态。故去掉have后的been。
longest are dancers and ⑨考查时态。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将
cyclists.Maybe it is were改为are。
because \s\up7(∧)③ 名词数：
the combination of fresh ⑩bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数
air，smooth movement 形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
and exercise.④ you ride 冠词连词常光顾：
a bicycle，you don’t ④考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候你是不用汽
use petrol.So ⑤ are not 油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引
producing carbon dioxide 导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或When。
and not ⑥ air 非谓语，细领悟：
pollution.Just see how ⑥考查非谓语动词。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个
cars have been ⑦ taken 并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。
over our cities.They 还要注意形和副：
often run at high ①考查形容词。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly
speeds，⑧ may put our 改为great。
lives in danger.And there 句子成分多分析：⑧考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性
定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中作主语，应用which
引导。故将what改为which。
⑨ traffic jams，too.Our ③because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because of表示“因
cities will be better 为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of
places if we replace cars fresh air，smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because
with ⑩. 后加of。
逻辑错误须关注：
⑤根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前
后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。
规律总结
A
(2022·江西上饶一模)
On a bright November day，a graceful English lady walk into a cozy bookshop in the heart of
London’s Chinatown.She picked up a orderly pile of New Year cards and calendars decorating
with beautiful Chinese paper cutting patterns and Chinese ink paintings.Then she warm greeted the
shop assistant.The lady was 91-year-old Pamela Youde whose husband was the late Sir Edward
Youde，which served as the governor of Hong Kong between 1982 and in 1986.For several
decade，Youde has been a loyal customer of Guanghwa Bookshop.Every winter，apart from buy
New Year cards from Guanghwa for her friends and family，he also buys Chinese calendars for
each of her four grandchildren.She expects help them learn Mandarin well.
答案
On a bright November day，a graceful English lady into a cozy bookshop in the heart of
London’s Chinatown.She picked up orderly pile of New Year cards and calendars with beautiful
Chinese paper cutting patterns and Chinese ink paintings.Then she greeted the shop assistant.The
lady was 91-year-old Pamela Youde whose husband was the late Sir Edward Youde， served as the
governor of Hong Kong between 1982 and in 1986.For several ，Youde has been a loyal customerof Guanghwa Bookshop.Every winter，apart from New Year cards from Guanghwa for her friends
and family ， also buys Chinese calendars for each of her four grandchildren.She expects
\s\up7(∧) help them learn Mandarin well.
B
(2022·河南新乡二模)
I’m very glad that I spent the meaningful winter holiday pleasant.I finished my homework
first.Furthermore ， I read some books and develop new interests to enrich my lives.In an
addition，I travelled to Thailand to learn more about the world.It expanded my knowledges and
enriched my experiences.What’s most，I assisted my parents the housework.My parents have
contributed so much to you，so I should do that I can to help them.What a meaningful holiday it
was!
答案
I’ m very glad that I spent meaningful winter holiday .I finished my homework
first.Furthermore，I read some books and new interests to enrich my .In an addition，I travelled
to Thailand to learn more about the world.It expanded my and enriched my experiences.What’s
，I assisted my parents \s\up7(∧) the housework.My parents have contributed so much to ，so
I should do I can to help them.What a meaningful holiday it was!
强化练(三十四) 短文改错(1)
A
(2022·河南名校联盟二模)
An English drama competition would be held in the school art hall next Friday.Any creative
ideas which is about school life is warm welcomed.You can also choose to make changes in famous
dramas to enter into the competition.If you want to prove you，please sign up by this Thursday
afternoon.It is rewarding take your time to prepare for the competition.There is another thing that
should be keep in mind.The play should be no long than fifteen minutes on a whole.For more
information，you can go to our website.Don’t hesitate—come，or be a winner!
答案
An English drama competition be held in the school art hall next Friday.Any creative which
is about school life is welcomed.You can also choose to make changes in famous dramas to enter
into the competition.If you want to prove ，please sign up by this Thursday afternoon.It is
rewarding \s\up7(∧) take your time to prepare for the competition.There is another thing that
should be in mind.The play should be no than fifteen minutes on whole.For more
information，you can go to our website.Don’t hesitate—come， be a winner!
B(2022·安徽马鞍山教学质量监测)
Last weekend，my classmates and I took the trip to the Wetland Park.Upon arrival，we
attracted by the beautiful scenery there.The park was really a nice place for him to go bird-
watching.We followed a guide，who brief introduction was interesting.We saw differently types of
birds and took a lot of picture.After lunch，we divided ourselves from groups to play games and
sing songs.At around 5 p．m.，we had started to walk back.The trip was of great useful.It offered
us a chance to get close to nature，and made us know the importance of protect the environment.
答案
Last weekend，my classmates and I took trip to the Wetland Park.Upon arrival，we
\s\up7(∧) attracted by the beautiful scenery there.The park was really a nice place for to go bird-
watching.We followed a guide， brief introduction was interesting.We saw types of birds and
took a lot of .After lunch，we divided ourselves groups to play games and sing songs.At around 5
p．m.，we had started to walk back.The trip was of great .It offered us a chance to get close to
nature，and made us know the importance of the environment.
C
(2022·贵州贵阳五校联考)
During my last summer holiday, I go to the countryside to enjoy myself.I saw mother bird in
her nest in a big tree, watching some of her baby flying away.I thought she must be very proud of
her children, that were able to find her own food now.But she might also feel a sense of loss since
they wouldn’t need of her day-to-day care any longer.For my parents, things are many easier.We
have set up our family blog to posting our photos and journals.Once I leave for college, we can
convenient share our experiences but support each other.Their “nest” will never be empty.
答案
During my last summer holiday, I to the countryside to enjoy myself.I saw \s\up7(∧)
mother bird in her nest in a big tree, watching some of her flying away.I thought she must be very
proud of her children, were able to find own food now.But she might also feel a sense of loss
since they wouldn’t need of her day-to-day care any longer.For my parents, things are easier.We
have set up our family blog to our photos and journals.Once I leave for college, we can share
our experiences support each other.Their “nest” will never be empty.
D
(2022·山西太原一模)
Last weekend，I was browsing TikTok when a short video drew my attentions，which
exactly showed people how to make an amazed fruit plate.Then I decided to give them a try.First I
collected some fruits like apples，oranges，grapes，strawberries or bananas.After washing and
peeled them，I focused the creation which took me about thirty minutes.To my delight，I won
highly praise from my parents for that I had made.Making a fruit plate not only relaxes my mind
but improve my practical abilities.I can’t to wait to make another nutritious fruit plate.答案
Last weekend，I was browsing TikTok when a short video drew my ，which exactly showed
people how to make an fruit plate.Then I decided to give a try.First I collected some fruits like
apples ，oranges ，grapes ，strawberries bananas.After washing and them ，I focused
\s\up7(∧) the creation which took me about thirty minutes.To my delight，I won praise from
my parents for I had made.Making a fruit plate not only relaxes my mind but my practical
abilities.I can’t to wait to make another nutritious fruit plate.
