文档内容
2023 年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清
记叙文的特征及解读策略
1
考点复习
记叙文是以叙述为主要表达方式，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体。 记叙文
是用来描述事物的文章.时间,人物,地点,起因,经过,结果是记叙文的6要素。记叙文写作，是把自己的亲身感
受和经历，通过生动、形象的语言，描述给读者。 记叙文包括的范围很广，如记人记事：日记、游记、
传说、新闻、通讯、小说等，都属于记叙文的范畴。记叙文写的是生活中的见闻，要表达出作者对于生活
的真切感受。 总的说，以记叙和描写为主要表达方式的文章叫记叙文。 但记叙文写作,伴随自然流露的适
当议论和抒情。
记叙文有广义与狭义之分。 广义的记叙文，包括记叙性的文学作品，如散文、小说等。 狭义的记叙
文是指以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，对社会生活中的人、事、景、物的情态变化和发展进行叙述和描
写的一类文章，常见的如消息、通讯、特写、报告文学、游记、日记、参观记、回忆录，以及一部分书信
等。正因为记叙文写的是生活中的见闻，所以一定要表达出作者对于生活的真切感受。
记叙文的特点就是以记叙为主要表达方式，综合其他表达方式；以写人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内
容；通过描述人物、时间及状物、写景来表达一定的中心。
写作记叙文要做到一下几点：
第一，要交代明白。无论记人记事，还是写景状物，一般都要交代明白时间、地点、人物、事件、原
因、结果，否则文章就不完整。
第二，线索清楚。虽然观察的角度、记述的方式可以不同，但每一篇文章都应当有一条关联材料、统
贯全篇的中心线索，否则文章就会松散。
第三，人称要一致。无论用第一人称“我”记述，还是用第三人称“他”记述，都要通篇一贯，一般
不宜随意转换，否则就容易造成混乱。
第四，时间，地点，人物，起因，经过，结果。
一、记叙文的分类
侧重写人的记叙文，以人物的外貌、语言、动作、心理描写为主。
侧重记事的记叙文，以叙述事情的发生、发展、经过和结果为重点。
侧重绘景的记叙文，以描绘景物、寄托情怀为主。侧重状物的记叙文，以状物为主，借象征抒怀。
二、记叙文的特征
记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所
说的五个" W "( what, who, when, where, why )和一个" H "( how )。记叙文的重点在于"述说"和"描写"，因此
一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。
1. 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所
闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者，使人读后感到真实可信，如身临其境。
如：
The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I
was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it.
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之外
的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman
walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with
her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea.
2. 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的
过去的，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，
正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3. 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。
顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，
读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使
读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄
巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4. 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括
说明到具体叙述时。如：
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things. Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel,watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao. It is really a beautiful city. There are many
places of interest to see. But what impressed me most was the sunrise.
The next morning I got up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I got to the beach, the
clouds on the horizon were turning red. In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing. The sun
was very red, not shining. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like
a deep-red ball. At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright.
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5. 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观
叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具
体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果：
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front. I thought maybe
someone was knocking the door. I asked who it was but I heard no reply. After a while I saw my cat running across
the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述
模式，没有人物语言，把"悬念"给冲淡了。可作如下调整：
I was in the kitchen cooking something. "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front. Thinking someone was
knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. "Its you." I
said, quite released.
三、记叙文的命题特点（以阅读理解为例）
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论
或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别
扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了
解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文
章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题
则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻
身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
记叙文常见的命题类型如下：
1.主旨大意题
文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确主旨,需总结。虽然作者表达主题思想的方式不同，但命题常用的提问方式有以下几种：
What’s the main idea/subject/topic of the passage?
The main idea of the passage is…
The passage is mainly about_____.
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
The best title for the passage is/ might be____.
The author’s main purpose of writing this passage is____.
做题要领：文章主旨通常会出现在文首,文中或文尾，因此寻找主题句或主题段往往是做好此类题的
键。但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应对文章意思全面理解后归纳概括主旨，但不能太笼统即不切主题,
言过其实或以偏概全。
2.细节理解题
这类题目是针对文章的具体事实和细节而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或间接地找到答案.此类要求查
找重要事实和细节的试题通常以下列形式提出：
Which of the following statements is (not) true according to the passage?
Which of the following is (not) discussed/Mentioned in the passage?
According to the passage, what/where/
Which/who/why/when/how…?
All of the following are (not) true / mentioned / discussed except_________.
How does the author/writer feel about___?
3.词义／语义判断题
这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种：
According to the author, the underlined word”…” means____.
From the passage, we can infer that the word”…”is___.
“…” can be best replaced by___.
What does the author probably mean by”…”?
By”…”, the author means that___
做此类题时，应在文中找线索或信息词。根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。根据周围熟悉的
词及语义判断新单词之意，有时还需依靠构词法。
4.推断题
以原文内容为前提,透过现象看本质即透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思。根据作者的观点理论客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。
推断题的常见形式：
It can be inferred / concluded from the text that____.
From the text we know that ______.
The passage implies that ______.
The paragraph following the passage will most probably discusses______.
解推断题的方法：解推断题最主要的方法是根据语义关系推断具体细节。
5. 观点态度题
回答这类问题应从篇章的体裁入手.一般来说,在说明文中作者的态度是客观的或中立的;在议论文中,作
者的态度才会显得多种多样. 可以根据阐述主题或有关主题的相关语句或词语确定作者的态度。
常见的态度词语有 :positive/support/approval(赞同的 /optimisticcritical/negative/tolerant/disappointed/
pessimistic(悲观的) /indifferent(冷淡的)/doubtfulNeutral(中立的）/objective(客观的）
这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种:
What’s the author’s/writer’s attitude to…?
The author thinks/suggests/believes that___.
How does the author feel about…?
Which of the following will the author agree / disagree with?
Which of the following can best describe the author’s attitude towards…?
四、记叙文的解题技巧
记叙文讲述的是发生在当前或过去或将来事情的经过。简而言之，记叙文就是讲故事，包括人物或故
事情节。常见的记叙文根据其用途可分为文学记叙文和说明记叙文：文学记叙文以虚构为主，如趣闻逸事、
传说、寓言、传奇故事、短篇小说、科幻小说等；说明记叙文以事实为依据，包括历史、传记、新闻报道、
日记等。无论哪一种记叙文作者都要交代何人何时何地为什么、怎么样、干了何事等等，这也就是我们常
说的“5Ws and 1H”。这是我们在阅读记叙文时要首先了解的，接着按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉，就
能理解整个故事。
特别值得注意的是：记叙文的叙事顺序有顺叙和倒叙两种，有时候作者为了吸引读者会采用倒叙的方法，
即不按照事情发展的先后顺序来叙述，而是从最重要、最能引人入胜的事件开始，然后再回过头来追叙故
事的开端和经过。阅读时要学会从事情本身的发展去理解故事情节而不要只看事件在文中出现的先后位置。
另外，讲故事必定有其目的：或证明某一理论，或阐明某一概念，或赞美某种美德，或谴责某种罪恶
等等。我们在阅读时要通过作者的重要细节描写联系故事情节去领会作者的意图，对作者重墨泼就的细节描写要重点关注。 概括起来一句话：读记叙文的关键是抓情节。 抓住了故事情节，就理解了文章的脉络，
其他的就迎刃而解了。
要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的
一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
1.关注细节
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因
此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
2.注重联系
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，
抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或
右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
3.读懂表象
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解
答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个
可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred
from …?”或是What does the author imply in…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文
后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
4.挖掘意义
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素
昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。
小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者
一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
【典例示例】
Compassion is a desire within us to help others．With effort, we can translate compassion into action．An
experience last weekend showed me this is true．I work part-time in a supermarket across from a building for the
elderly．These old people are our main customers, and it’s not hard to lose patience over their slowness．But last
Sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson．This untidy man walked up to my register(收
款机) with a box of biscuits．He said he was out of cash(现金), had just moved into his room, and had nothing in
his cupboards．He asked if we could let him have the food on trust．He promised to repay me the next day．I couldn’t help staring at him．I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before, and
what he would be like if luck had gone his way．I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in
the world．I told him that I was sorry, but store rules didn’t allow me to do so．I felt stupid and unkind saying
this, but I valued my job．
Just then, another man, standing behind the first, spoke up．If anything, he looked more pitiable．“Charge it
to me,” was all he said．
What I had been feeling was pity．Pity is soft and safe and easy．Compassion, on the other hand, is caring in
action．I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either．Then I reached into my pocket and
paid for the biscuits myself．I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught
me compassion.
解析：故事采用顺叙的叙事方法，主要情节发展如下：One aged gentleman begged me to have the food on
trust and promised to repay the next day.---- I told him the store rules didn’t allow me to do so.---- Another man
wanted me to charge the food to him.----I paid for the biscuits myself. 作者用第一人称讲述自己亲身经历的这
段故事，让人觉得亲切可信，同时也增强了文章的感染力。作者说自己通过这段故事学会了compassion
（同情），事实上也是在号召读者多伸出同情之手，共建和谐社会。
2
能力强化
一、阅读理解
Gwen Ifill was a famous African-American journalist who fought for social justice through her news stories.
After she died in 2016, a student award was set up in her honor.
Ana Rodriguez, a 16-year-old student at Archie Williams High School, won the 2021 Gwen Ifill High School
Student of the Year Award. She won due to her real passion for fighting fake news about COVID-19 vaccines,
medical studies and other social media dramas.
Rodriguez said that fake news these days is often masked as real news, meaning teenagers and adults need to
cultivate a certain type of skepticism before they either react to the news or spread it. “You need to double-check
the sources and get a second opinion,” she said, “If you read about vaccines having some kind of aftermath, go and
check another website.”
Archie Williams High School English teacher Matthew Leffel nominated (提名) Rodriguez for the awardbecause of her enthusiasm and “purposefulness”. “Ana went very deep with her research,” Leffel said. “She was
able to demonstrate the kind of media literacy (媒介素养) skills that we had intended to build.”
The project used a free public fact-checking website called Checkology. Students were required to write an
argument on their chosen topic. Then they had to produce a podcast on “The Truth About …”. In Rodriguez’s case,
for example, it was “The Truth About Scientific Racism”. Rodriguez also worked on several different topics,
including the fake information of COVID-19 vaccines.
She and other students also made their arguments into booklets to hand out. They hoped to educate more
people. Some of their other topics included 5G towers, climate change and surveillance (监控) technology.
“Ana was purposeful,” Leffel said. “It was clear she was not just doing it as a class assignment, but as
something that had an important meaning for her life.”
1. What does the underlined word “skepticism” probably mean?
A. Doubt. B. Interest. C. Curiosity. D. Concern.
2. Why did the author mention Leffel in the fourth paragraph?
A. To praise Ana’s writing skills. B. To show Ana’s purpose.
C. To prove racial existence. D. To indicate Ana’s ability.
3. Ana and other students put their arguments in booklets in order to________.
A. hand out for money B. make people think critically
C. learn more knowledge D. enlarge their topics
4. According to Leffel, we can infer that________.
A. Ana does anything with strong purposes
B. Ana does a class assignment very carefully
C. Ana does run after her life meaning
D. Ana does everything for herself and others
2
A blind skateboarder has proven that his lack of sight won’t stop him from living a normal life—and now he’s
learned some of the most complicated tricks.
Dan Mancina, 34,from Michigan,the US,was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa at 13,a rare genetic disease
and it causes loss of vision. Around five years ago,Dan lost his vision completely and now is defined as a blind
person—but refuses to let it hold him back. Dan said that he was discouraged by other people’s behaviors and was
determined to prove people wrong,so he started skateboarding,practiced every day,and soon he was landing trickafter trick.
Dan started performing tricks that some might not expect a blind person to be able to do—like throwing
darts(飞镖)—but they would be wrong. He said he felt a need to prove himself to those who doubted his abilities.
So Dan,who has been skateboarding since he was seven years old,recently posted a video of himself performing a
trick on the Internet.
The experience reminded him of his love for the sport and inspired him to continue pursuing his passion,but
now his methods are somewhat different. Before skating at a park,Dan uses a stick to measure the different
ramps(斜坡)and corners,and get a feel for the area. He also uses a beeper box or a Bluetooth speaker to bounce the
sounds off anything in the environment—such as a nearby road—warning him of any dangers in the area.
The skateboarder said, “I get a mental map of the area where I am and use every other sense I have. I'm always
trying to progress and keep pushing myself further and further. I have certain goals that I want to achieve. One day
I want to film full-length skateboard videos without any cuts. That’s really my goal.”
5. What happened to Dan Mancina when he was thirteen?
A. He became completely blind. B. He was not allowed to skateboard.
C. He suffered from a severe eye disease. D. He got injured while skateboarding.
6. Why did Dan perform complicated tricks?
A. To show he could live a normal life. B. To achieve his childhood dream.
C. To shoot a video about his success in life. D. To become the focus of public attention.
7. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. Dan’s training field. B. Dan’s passion for sport.
C. Dan’s training equipment. D. Dan’s preparations for skateboarding.
8. What can we learn from the story?
A. He who laughs last laughs best. B. All that ends well is well.
C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. D. A good beginning makes a good ending.
3
Plastic bags are not costly to produce. They are also strong and easy to carry. This is why they are a popular
container in most parts of the world. But they are also a major source of pollution. It can take hundreds of years for
plastic bags to break down. As they do, tiny pieces can poison soil, lakes, rivers and oceans. Therefore,
environmental experts urge people to reuse and recycle plastic bags.
Maryland artist Allita Irby does just that. It starts with the morning newspaper. What is more important isgetting that plastic bag the paper comes in. The mixed media artist recognized its rich possibilities about three year
ago. “As I was taking the newspaper out, I felt the texture of these bags. They were soft. I just looked down and
realized it would take three to make a braid (辫子).” Since then, Irby has been using plastic bags to create abstract
lines in her art works.
Before incorporating plastic bags in her works, Irby used natural materials like feathers, leather and dried
plants. All those elements represent her Native American ancestry (血统) and identity, like one of her works called
“Navaho Bundles”.
Ms. Irby’s neighbors praised her ability to turn waste into treasure. Some, like Charlotte Hogan, asked the
artist to teach them how to create art using the used plastic bags. “I think it is fascinating, and it is wonderful. I do
plan to share it with my seniors at my church.” One of Irby’s neighbors Aleta Meyer expressed her surprise, “I have
never given any more thought to what to do with a plastic bag. This is definitely different.”
Shirley Watts also lives in the neighborhood. She plans to show others her art. “I want to make a masterpiece
that I can put in a frame and put it up on my wall and then I know that I did it.”
“Making art with found materials is not a new idea. Anyone can do it. Recycled paper, cloth and metal goods
can become beautiful pictures and sculptures,” Allita Irby said, “I think we are all artists really, and there is beauty
all around us.” The artist also said that all you had to do was open your eyes and bring the outside in.
9. What is mainly discussed in the first paragraph?
A. The advantage of plastic bags. B. The disadvantage of plastic bags.
C. How to reuse and recycle plastic bags. D. The importance of recycling plastic bags.
10. The underlined part “does just that” in the second paragraph means “_______”.
A. produces plastic bags B. makes use of used plastic bags
C. makes plastic bags break down D. urges people to reuse and recycle plastic bags
11. What is Irby’s neighbors’ attitude towards her action?
A. Supportive. B. Negative C. Suspicious. D. Unknown.
12. Who intends to share the skill of turning used plastic bags into art with old people?
A. Aleta Meyer. B. Allita Irby. C. Charlotte Hogan D. Shirley Watts
13. According to Alllita Irby, the most important step in making art with found materials is _______.
A. to come up with the idea B. to seek beauty all around us
C. to be open to new ideas and things D. to choose the most suitable objects
4
When a British couple recently sold their beloved house, they believed they had tied everything up, and hadbeen busy working to make sure the new owners could live in a house which was in a good condition before the
sale. Repairs had been made and the paperwork had all been in order before they removed their belongings from the
home where they had lived in the last 32 years or so.
A few weeks after they finished the sale, James and Clarrisa Munford discovered a box of treasures, which the
former owners had hidden and forgotten all about — 30 gold and silver coins. Legally, the coins — which were
valued as much as ten thousand pounds — were now the Munfords’ property, and they were well within their rights
to quietly sell them and pocket the profits.
However, the Munfords, who own a business in London, immediately chose to get in touch with the sellers
and return the coins, which had been left inside a built-in drawer in the home. “There is an old saying: ‘You harvest
what you plant.’” said the original owner later, who didn’t believe his ears when receiving Mr. Munford’s call. “My
wife and I spent a great deal of time and effort to ensure that we left our home in excellent conditions for the
Munfords, and our kindness was certainly returned by another!” They wanted to give the Mun-fords some coins but
they refused politely.
The sellers of the house were unwilling to be named, but said they wanted to share this story online to bring
hope and inspiration to other people during these difficult times. “Now it is a good time to pause and reflect about
how we treat each other. If there were more people like the Munfords, this world would be a much better place to
live in,” he said.
14. What did the Munfords do when finding the treasures?
A. They went out to celebrate. B. They wanted to sell them quietly.
C. They contacted the sellers of the house. D. They managed to report to the police.
15. How did the former owner of the house feel when Munford called him?
A. He was disappointed. B. He was surprised.
C. He was angry. D. He was nervous.
16. What did the sellers of the house do at last?
A. They left the Munfords some silver coins.
B. They gave the Munfords fifteen gold coins.
C. They wanted to make more people know the story.
D. They decided to write a book about the moving story.
17. What do you think of the Munfords?
A. They are kind. B. They are selfish.C. They are dishonest. D. They are careless.
二、完形填空
1
One evening, Catherine was at home as usual. As her ____18____ swung between what she was going to do
with her life and her dinner plans for the evening, she was unexpectedly ____19____ by an urgent call from her
sister “Get over here! Turn on NBC and cheek these guys out. They are just like you.” One Facebook message and
a phone interview later, Catherine ____20____ herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering
desert of Utah, picking up trash and ____21____ awareness of zero-waste and climate change.
With a deep ____22____ of the environment and a desire to make a ____23____, Catherine, Davey, and a
group of self ____24____ environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast to coast road side trash pick-up. As they
walked sometimes only ____25____ 0.9 miles on an entire day they ____26____ and steadily made their way
across the United States for three years, picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash.
Catherine and Davey ____27____ wonderful stories of hope and inspiration with us that fueled their efforts to
continue their journey. After spending weeks silently ____28____ how she would have enough money to fly home
for her two-week spring break, Catherine found a blank, unidentified envelope ____29____ with S850 cash in the
desert, just enough to get her home and back. After their bus ____30____ outside of Denver, they unexpectedly got
____31____ and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later, just in time for the “Yosemite Facelift” where
volunteers from all over the state came together with a ____32____ of cleaning up trash all over the park.
Together, their team learned to simply devote themselves to their task, and surrender to the journey.
18. A. memory B. balance C. thoughts D. position
19. A. blamed B. interrupted C. moved D. frightened
20. A. rejected B. cheered C. found D. taught
21. A. abandoning B. shaking C. raising D. illustrating
22. A. pride B. trust C. tension D. love
23. A. difference B. promise C. mistake D. plan
24. A. corrected B. described C. repeated D. discovered
25. A. driving B. fixing C. riding D. covering
26. A. slowly B. secretly C. helplessly D. frequently
27. A. heard B. shared C. wrote D. read
28. A. worrying about B. replying to C. depending on D. meeting with29. A. equipped B. supplied C. decorated D. filled
30. A. set off B. broke down C. headed for D. held on
31. A. rest B. practice C. understanding D. help
32. A. purpose B. question C. decision D. lesson
2
About two months ago, my computer broke and I have been living without one at home. The man in the
___33___ shop said it would be more expensive to fix my computer than to buy a new one!
Now, I can admit that I’m ___34___ to the Internet. I spend hours and hours of my free time ___35___
funny cat videos on YouTube, and playing video games with my friends ___36___. When I was told my ___37___
couldn’t be fixed, I was ___38___! I don’t have enough money to buy a new one ___39___ and I will have to wait
until December.
I have been trying to ___40___ things to do without a computer, ___41___ it is a lot more difficult than I
was ____42____! It has taken a while but I am ____43____ to get used to living without easy access to the online
world.
This ____44____ has made me realize just how useful computers really are. ____45____, it’s not all bad. I
am sleeping a lot better now and I have been baking a lot, which I ____46____ but never used to find enough time
to do.
Living without a computer may not be as bad as I thought it was going to be, but I am ready to leave the Dark Ages
and ____47____ to the 21st century!
33. A. tea B. repair C. book D. sweet
34. A. opposed B. thankful C. deaf D. addicted
35. A. watching B. making C. recording D. cutting
36. A. downtown B. abroad C. online D. upstairs
37. A. bike B. car C. cellphone D. computer
38. A. ashamed B. unpleasant C. bored D. careless
39. A. at the moment B. at table C. under test D. on show
40. A. think of B. deal with C. end up D. refer to
41. A. and B. so C. or D. but
42. A. obtaining B. ignoring C. expecting D. discovering
43. A. stopping B. starting C. continuing D. refusing
44. A. experience B. conflict C. adventure D. task45. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Instead
46. A. search B. love C. adjust D. produce
47. A. stick B. object C. contribute D. return
三、语法填空
1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Six weeks before his 97th birthday, Giuseppe Paternò fulfilled the dream of a lifetime: He ____48____ (get) a
university degree.
Mr. Paternò’s ____49____ (graduate) has inspired news reports around the world, partly because
____50____ his age. But he has also drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment, a theme that has
resonated (产生共鸣) as millions of schoolchildren in Italy and elsewhere face extraordinary uncertainty during the
coronavirus pandemic.
Born in Palermo in 1923, the first of seven children in a “ very poor family ” , Mr. Paternò began working
soon after ____51____ (finish) elementary school. It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned to
his books.
“ His story proves that dreams can come true and that you can remain young — if not in age at least in spirit
— if you develop interests. ” said Rosella Cancila, his essay adviser and ____52____ professor of history at the
University of Palermo.
Italy’s university system is based on a three-year degree, ____53____ (follow) by a two-year master’s course.
University officials are hoping that Mr. Paternò ____54____ (continue) his studies.
He isn’t so sure. “ I have to admit that in this moment, I don’t know ____55____ I would handle it with the
same spirit. ” he said, noting that all the attention had been a bit tiring. Still, Mr. Paternò said, he would
____56____ (probable) register anyway. “ I want to keep my _____57_____ (choice) open. ”
2
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式。
I was on a train in Switzerland. The train came to a stop and the conductor’s voice over the loudspeaker
____58____ (deliver) a message in German, Italian, and French. I’d made the mistake of not learning any of those
languages before my vacation.
Everyone started getting off the train and an old woman saw that I was ____59____ (confuse). She could
speak some English and told me that an accident had happened on the ____60____ (track). She asked me where Iwas trying to get to, then went and talked to some workers, and came back to tell me that we’d have to get on trains
three or four times to get there.
I was really glad she was heading ____61____ same way because it would have been impossible for me to
figure it ____62____ on my own. So we went from one train station to the next, getting to know each other along
the way.
She was really the ____63____ (sweet) woman. It was a 2.5-hour journey in total, and ____64____ we made
it to the final destination, we got off and said our goodbyes. I had made it just in time to catch my train to Rome.
She told me she had a train to catch as well. I asked her how much farther she had to go and ____65____ turned
out that her home was two hours back the other way.
She had jumped from train to train and traveled the whole way just ____66____ (make) sure that I made it. I
was in shock. A woman spent her whole day sitting on trains and taking her hours away from her home just to help
out a confused tourist ____67____ (visit) her country.
3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Any bird that crossed his path would be eaten by Rex, a German shepherd. Rex___68___(rescue) from his
previous shelter, where he was going to be put down after a biting incident. Last year, he___69___(eventual)
arrived at Puriton Horse and Animal Rescue.
Geraldine was a goose abandoned by owners who could no longer put up ___70___ her. She wasn’t exactly
the picture of ___71___(warm), either, when she arrived at the same shelter three months ago. The dog and the
goose were individually given labels like cruel and dangerous. Neither seemed particularly harmonious with
humans or even members of their own species.
But when the two ___72___(annoy) creatures were offered a chance to hang out together, something magical
happened. They chased each other when first ___73___(introduce), but Geraldine stood up for herself and that was
that. They just fell in love with each other.
“I’ve been doing rescue work since 1997 and seen all ___74___(kind) of strange animal behavior, but I’ve
never seen anything like this,” said Sheila Brislin, ____75____is the founder of the shelter. “It’s so amusing to see
them because they love each other to bits. They are very affectionate. She just___76___ (run) around alongside him
all day long and whenever we take him for ____77____walk in the woods she has to come, too.”
