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2023 年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清(人教版 2019)
七选五阅读
1
考点复习
规律1：段首设空——段落主题+承上启下
策略1：把握形似, 确定语段标题句
【典题示例】
· 3 7
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others
are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 38 Still others
may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants. However, there are a number of other reasons that might
explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
·Recall(回忆)your childhood memories
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
【思路分析】本题考查对段落小标题的选择。首先根据下文的另一个小标题· Recall(回忆)your childhood
memories(祈使句), 可以将选择范围缩小到 A项和B项之间, 再根据段落中的 there are a number of other
reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. 可以发现该段
主要是分析从事园艺的原因, 故选 A 。
策略2：根据一致, 确定段落主题句【典题示例】 (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
36 , if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first
time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here? ”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【思路分析】本题考查段落主题句。从本段中的“if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering
into somebody’s house for the first time”, 及“be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers”
可知本段主要谈论了走出了自己的舒适区, 或者第一次走进别人的家里, 敢于冒险, 尝试不同的食物, 和陌
生人交谈。选项“B. The first step is to go exploring”符合语境。故选 B 。
策略3：瞻前顾后, 确定段落过渡句
【典题示例】 (2021·全国甲卷·节选)
Swap, Don’t Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn’t end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a
huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing)
is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?
1 6 . It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all
at the same time.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
【思路分析】本题考查段落过渡句。本题前段尾句问“那么, 该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的虽完好但
可能有点厌倦的衣服呢? ”, 后句提到“这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里得到衣服并同时开派对的最好方法”,
B选项“进行衣物交换”是对前句的回答, 同时引起下文, 故选 B 。
规律2：段中设空——“七种关系”助力解题
通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。考查要点有: 总分关系、解释关系、例证关系、
转折关系、因果关系、递进关系和并列关系。有时会出现下列衔接词汇或短语结构: first, second, then,
next, later, soon, so, but, however, additionally, what’s more, that is, namely, in other words, for one thing. . .
for another等, 这些词汇和短语结构在文章中起到提示逻辑关系的作用, 是解题时需要重点关注的部分。
策略1：根据总分关系确定答案
【典题示例】
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent,
cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit
with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill
for my son’s food poisoning.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
F. After the trip, my family became interested in camping.
【思路分析】本题考查总分关系。根据下文的描述“我们睡在帐篷里、在篝火上做饭、走很远的路去洗澡和上厕所”可知, 这次野营比较艰难, 设空处是总体评价, 后面是详细描述。故选 C 。
策略2：根据解释关系确定答案
【典题示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life.
French cafés are always crowded. 40 When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek
seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the
number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【思路分析】本题考查解释关系。设空前介绍法国咖啡厅常常很拥挤, 设空处“并非所有的顾客都是游
客”符合语境, 空后通过设问“这些人什么时候工作呢? ”, 用回答该问题的方式来解释为什么当地人有时
间享受咖啡馆生活。故选 A 。
策略3：根据例证关系确定答案
【典题示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管)
worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes, ” in
perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【思路分析】本题考查例证关系。本段句首提出观点: “可是, 这个地方并不完全像地道的巴黎”, 接下来
要举例说明, 再结合空前一句讲的是“管道正常工作”, 空后一句讲的是“甚至还有小电梯”, 本句内容应
该涉及房子的好处“公寓里有不错的厨房和舒适的床”, 故选 C 。
策略4：根据转折关系确定答案
表示转折关系的连接词有: but 但是, however/whereas 然而, nevertheless 仍然, 然而, 不过,
nonetheless尽管如此, 依然, 然而, still还; 然而, though可是, 不过, 然而, yet然而, in spite of不顾,
不管, at any rate无论如何, 至少, in any case无论如何, 不管怎样, whoever无论是谁, whatever无论什
么, on the contrary正相反, in contrast与此相反, 相比之下, by contrast相反, 相比之下, in comparison
比较起来, 比较地, by comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否则; 除此以外, not. . . but不
是……而是, as well也等。
【典题示例】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
“I often send postcards to family and friends. ” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a
while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it. 32
”Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many
would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch
(直觉)paid off.
A. And that’s totally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【思路分析】本题考查转折关系。设空处前一句的句意为“过了一段时间你会发现自己收到的明信片没有
发出去的多”。设空处后一句的句意为“然而, Paulo没有放弃自己的爱好, 而是采取了网络的方式”根据
逻辑判断, 设空处应与其前一句构成转折关系, 意为“那完全不成问题”。故选 A 。
策略5：根据因果关系确定答案
表示因果关系的连词有as a result/consequently结果, thus/therefore因此, so (such). . . that. . . 如此……以
至于……等。
【典题示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically
expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the
hallway.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【思路分析】本题考查因果关系。根据空后的句子中的So可知, 该句与设空处是因果关系。F项“我们的
目的是想看看我们能否像真正的巴黎人一样生活”是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。故选 F 。
策略6：根据递进关系确定答案表示递进关系的连词有: also也, 而且, further另外(地), furthermore而且, 此外, likewise同样地,
照样地; 也, 又, similarly相似地, 类似地, moreover而且, 再者, 此外, in addition另外, 加之, what’s
more更重要的是, too也, 还, either也, neither两者都不, not only. . . but also不但……而且等。
【典题示例】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common
communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a
postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it. 34 So a common
language is required and in postcrossing that’s English since it’s widely spoken.
A. And that’s totally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【思路分析】本题考查递进关系。As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept
doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it. “虽然收到一张汉语卡片很酷, 但如果你不懂汉语, 你就看不懂意
思”, 而F项Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
“同样, 如果你只会说中文, 收到一张瑞典语的卡片也会让你失去一部分乐趣”与前句构成递进关系。故选
F 。
策略7：根据并列关系确定答案【典题示例】 (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
38 What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking? If you can’t take their wine
away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help
you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 3 9 .
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here? ”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【思路分析】本题考查并列关系。空处与空格前的“If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the
kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. ”构成并列句中的选择关系, 并与首句中
“won’t stop talking”呼应, 故E项(或者把谈话变成一个他们无话可说的话题)符合语境。故选 E 。
规律3：段尾设空——“总结概括”+“过渡衔接”
策略1：利用主题句或总结句确定答案
【典题示例】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
You’ve got mail. . . and it’s a postcardPaulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly
colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. 3 1
A. And that’s totally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【思路分析】本题考查段落总结句。前面提到 Paulo Magalhaes 喜欢世界各地明信片的内容“罗马圆形大
剧场的彩色图片, 或者是非洲维多利亚瀑布, 或者是中国的长城”, 设空处对上文进行总结“总之, 他喜欢
明信片……”。故选 G 。
策略2：利用段落过渡句确定答案
【典题示例】
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have
laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and
uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 3 6
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. The trip they took me on was
a rough one. We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use
the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of
sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.【思路分析】本题考查段落过渡句。文章首段是说“如果三年前有人告诉我以后大部分的周末时间都会露
营, 我会放声大笑。”而设空处后面讲的是“介绍我去露营的朋友们认为这注定是一次具有开创性的露
营。”两段内容上有转折关系, 所以要填一个承上启下的过渡句“然而, 自从那时以来我学到了很多有关
露营的知识。”故选 D 。
策略3：利用补充信息句确定答案
【典题示例】
●Don’t share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your
best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39 .
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
【思路分析】本题考查补充信息句。本段主要讲的是: 不要把个人信息和经历告诉教授, 如果你需要延长
最后期限, 只需要向教授解释处境即可。最后应该补充说明: 如果需要了解更多信息, 他们会询问的。故选
C 。
规律4：词汇复现法——破解语篇衔接难题
策略1：原词复现法
【典题示例】 (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a
dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬).
40 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here? ”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【思路分析】本题考查原词复现。根据段落主题句可知, 本段主要讲面对“other dinner-party killer:
awkward silence(宴会杀手: 尴尬的沉默)”我们该怎么办。由“the only thing that always gets everyone talking
again is to give the host a compliment”和 G 选项“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that
awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人)”中的“He or she(指代host)”及“awkwardness(原
词复现)”可知G项符合语境。故选 G 。
策略2：代词复现法
it可指代单数名词、不可数名词或整个句子; they或them指代复数名词; one指代单数可数名词; that指
代不可数名词或句子; this指代单数名词或句子; these或those指代前句的复数名词。还有反身代词、指示
代词、关系代词等。
【典题示例】 (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do
you do for a living? ”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking
to. 3 7 , it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people
who were laughing at silly jokes in the back. ” It just opens up conversation.
A. How do you know the hostB. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here? ”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【思路分析】本题考查代词复现。从此空后的标点符号可推知此空应该填入一个从句。再根据后面句子it
can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing
at silly jokes in the back. ” (它可以带来“我有一辆旧的, 坏了的车”或者“我和这些疯狂的人一起坐在公共
汽车上, 他们在后面笑着愚蠢的笑话”的回答)中的it代指前面提出的问题, 可知C. If you ask the question
“How did you get here? ”(如果你问“你怎么来的? ”)符合语境。故选 C 。
策略3：派生复现法
【典题示例】
4 0 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make
sure you get enough Vitamin D — but still protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes
sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of
Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【思路分析】本题考查派生复现。下文中的“beneficial”与 D 项中的“benefit”属于同根词, 属于派生
词重复信息。
策略4：同义复现法【典题示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a
couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 3 8 French strawberries do not taste like
cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【思路分析】本题考查同义复现。G项中的delicious与设空前的great形成同义词复现关系, 而且空后又具
体例证了巴黎人吃的食物很美味。故选 G 。
策略5：反义复现法
【典题示例】 (2021·全国甲卷·节选)
·Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 17 , and there may not be enough things to
choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【思路分析】 本题考查反义复现。本题要求选择一个半句, 与下文的“more than that. . . ”形成对比, 要有
less than that, less与more构成反义词, 句意: 人比这少, 可能没有足够的东西可供选择; 人比这多, 它变得
无法控制。其中, 选项A中的that指代前文的5—10 people, 故选 A 。
2
能力强化
1
After a busy school year, there’s nothing wrong with sleeping late and watching TV or playing video games all
day-at least for the first week or two of your summer vacation.____1____
Learn a language to make new friends. There are few things more fun than being able to speak another
language. For more fun, choose a language you’ve always been interested in learning.____2____You can learn the
basics of a language by downloading a language-learning app and completing all the lessons. You can look for
opportunities to experience your new language in your community. For example, if you’re learning French, look
through your local free newspaper to find French cultural activities in your area.
Take a cooking course to learn culinary(烹饪)skills.____3____Reach community centers in your area to find
out about cooking class offerings. During the summer, you may even find cooking courses specifically for teens.
____4____Learning an individual sport over the summer is a great way to stay fit, especially if you play team
sports during the school year. Even if you don’t normally play sports at school, taking any kind of sports class
during the summer can help you get in shape and build up your confidence.
Take arts and crafts(手工) classes to feel more creative. Local parks and recreation departments usually
publish a list of their summer arts and crafts classes for teens. Library branches, craft stores and local businesses
sometimes offer arts and crafts classes for teens during the summer, too. The great thing about arts and crafts
classes is that they’re inexpensive.____5____.
A．Play a new sport to stay fit.
B．Then find learning resources online.
C．Consider writing to yourself in a new language.
D．They’re also short, so you can take several classes over the summer.
E．If this gets boring, it might be time to break out of your comfort zone.
F．Nothing surprises and pleases a family more than a teenager who can cook.
G．Community centers offer a safe environment for individuals of all backgrounds to serve.2
Happiness is a great goal to have, and it's something you'll need to work towards every day. Being happy isn't
something you achieve and then hold onto. ____6____
Express gratitude for the good things in your life.
Being grateful for the things you have can change your life. It helps you focus on what's going well so you're
less likely to feel depressed about your life. Thank people when they do nice things for you. ____7____ Your
gratitude list might include, “my cat,” “a job I love,” “a best friend I can call anytime,” “a cozy bed,” and “good
food to eat.” When you're feeling down, look back over your gratitude list to help you feel better.
Replace negative thoughts with positive self-talk.
Negative (消极) thoughts can make it hard to feel happy, but you can change them. When you notice negative
thoughts, replace them with a positive or neutral (中立) thought. ____8____ Let’s say you catch yourself thinking,
“I'm so ugly.” You might replace this thought with, “I can't be ugly because everyone is beautiful in their own way,”
or “I'm unique, and that makes me beautiful.”
____9____
Everyone is on their own journey, so it's unfair to you to measure your progress by looking at what others have
achieved. Don't worry about what other people are doing. Instead, compare yourself to where you were in the past.
____10____For instance, don't worry if all your friends seem to be further along in their careers. Instead, compare
your progress to where you were last year. Your time will come.
A．Praise yourself at least once a day.
B．Stop comparing yourself to other people.
C．This will help you see how you're progressing.
D．It's a series of decisions that you make every day.
E．Additionally, spend time with positive people, connect with others.
F．Keep a gratitude journal or list 3-5 things you're grateful for each day.
G．Additionally, make positive statements to yourself throughout your day.
3
On a summer day in 1961, Yuan Longping, the celebrated agronomist(农学家) whose death was widely
mourned across China, was inspecting a test field in Hunan province, when he came across a single rice plant
bearing 230 grains. ____11____ and Yuan thought he may have found a naturally high-yield strain of rice.
Yuan collected its grains and planted them the following year, hoping to find a way to boost rice yields in thenation. To his disappointment, the resulting plants demonstrated a variety of useful traits(特性), ____12____. With
a background in genetic engineering, Yuan concluded that the parent must have been a hybrid.
“If natural hybrid rice had such a strong advantage, then artificially created hybrid rice should also have an
advantage,” he wrote in an article. At that time, it was widely believed that rice could not be hybridized. Rice is a
self-pollinating(自花传粉) crop, ____13____.
To develop hybrid rice, it was necessary to find a sterile male plant and then use it to crossbreed with other
varieties. ____14____, Yuan decided in 1964 to seriously study the possibilities.
The first breakthrough came in 1970, and after painstaking research and testing, the team successfully
developed a hybrid-rice strain in 1973 and it was used in large scale cultivation.
____15____－where about 20 percent of the world’s population lives on less than 9 percent of the world’s
arable land－and beyond.
A．but none was as productive as the parent
B．and as a result, his efforts finally paid off
C．It dwarfed the other plants in the field
D．Yuan’s dedication greatly boosted harvests in our country
E．Believing that there must be naturally occurring sterile males
F．Yuan once said that one of his lifelong wishes was to train people from all countries
G．and it is difficult to remove the male flowers and crossbreed them one by one.
4
It seems very likely you fought like cat and dog when you were younger. ____16____ Here is how family
bonds are vital as you enter old age.
____17____ A University of Michigan study found that children who were six or under when a new brother or
sister arrived had a healthier BMI. Given that childhood weight issues can turn into adult weight problems, having a
younger brother or sister might well be worth the fighting.
Having brothers and sisters makes you more charitable. ____18____ Could it be that having a samegeneration
relative looking out for you enables you to think about others? ... and more empathic. A study of more than 450
Canadian families found that if a sibling(姐妹兄弟) was warm and kind, the other sibling was likely to display the
same qualities.
Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle. A multinational survey of more than 15,000 people found that
43 percent of people credited their family and friends for having the biggest impact on their health. ____19____They help you live longer. In a study from the American Sociological Association, older adults who described
themselves as being “extremely close” to the family members they listed as their closest confidents had a six
percent chance of dying over the next five years, compared to a 14 percent risk for the people who reported not
being very close to the family members listed.
Having good friends can bring many of the same benefits. We don’t all have brothers and sisters, or you might
be distant from yours. Don’t panic. ____20____ Make friends by signing up to groups or classes and finding
people who enjoy the same things as you.
A．Sisters can protect you from depression.
B．Having a younger sibling might make you slimmer.
C．But brothers and sisters can boost your physical and mental health.
D．Research shows having close friends can boost your health and well-being.
E．Brothers and sisters are readily available fitness and healthy-eating friends.
F．The research found having siblings made you twice as likely to do good deeds.
G．For each additional one, your risk of marriage breakdown was three percent less.
5
Tips on Living in the Present
We’ve all been asked this question: where do you see yourself in five or ten years? ___21___ While thinking
ahead is important, it often causes unnecessary stress. Thus, living in the moment is the right choice and the tips
below will help you.
___22___ If not, it will only ruin all the good things happening now. If you focus on the future too much, it
will make the present irrelevant. What will be, will be and stressing about something isn’t going to change that.
Be spontaneous (自发的) . What if you are saving for a house, but your friend invites you to a last-minute
group tour? ___23___ Group holidays with all your friends don’t come around often and as you get older and
people start their families, they are less likely to happen. Good memories will always be precious.
In order to fully live in the present, surround yourself with people that make you feel good. ___24___ So, if
you find yourself doubting your achievements and think you perform worse than other people, take a step away
from them for a while until you no longer feel negative about the differences in your lives and achievements.
Put yourself first and stop trying to please anyone else. You are your own number one, and looking after
yourself before anyone else is the most important. Work towards the goals you want to achieve, not the ones others
want you to achieve. If you don’t want to get married, that’s OK, and if you do, that’s OK too. ___25___A．Go for it!
B．Anyway, others’ opinions don’t matter at all!
C．Fully appreciate the moments of today.
D．Just make sure anything you do is done for you!
E．Stop worrying about what hasn’t happened yet.
F．But actually most of us don’t have the answers to that.
G．It’s easy to get caught up in others’ lives and compare the achievements.
6
How to Build the Most Powerful Mindset for Success
In the past decade or so, you may have heard the term “growth mindset” thrown around a lot. But what is a
growth mindset? How can we cultivate a growth mindset in ourselves? Here are a few ways you can start training
your brain to think with a growth mindset instead of a fixed one:
1. Stop worrying about if you’re smart enough, start worrying if you’re working hard enough.
As Dr. Carol Dwek, an American psychologist, explains: “Genius is not enough; we need to get the job done.”
___26___ To cultivate a growth mindset, stop judging your worth based on how smart you perceive yourself to be
and start focusing on trying your best.
2. ___27___
People with fixed mindsets often see failures as reflections of their own intelligence or skill, so they end up
giving up when confronted with disappointment. But instead of seeing failure as a negative thing, reframe it as an
opportunity to learn something. If this set of actions resulted in failure, how could you change things next time to
result in success?
3. Reframe setbacks as part of the process.
Similarly, it’s important to remember that setbacks, failures, frustrations, disappointments, etc. are 100%
natural. How many times did Edison try to make a light-bulb? How many setbacks did Oprah Winfrey face on her
journey to fame?___28___ Learn from it, appreciate it, then move on.
4. Praise effort rather than outcomes.
In Dr. Dwek’s book, she writes: “after seven experiments with hundreds of children, we had some of the
clearest findings I’ve ever seen: Praising children’s intelligence harms their motivation and it harms their
performance.” How can that be? Praise does give them a boost, a special glow - but only for the moment. The
minute they hit a snag, their confidence goes out the window and their motivation hits rock bottom. It’s importantto remember that praising your intelligence and talent won’t help you grow and learn. ___29___
5. Don’t be afraid to ask questions.
One trait that people with growth mindsets often exhibit is the ability to ask questions. Rather than worrying
about how others will perceive your intelligence when asking a question, they focus on trying your best to learn and
grow. ___30___ So reach out when you need help. Ask questions when you don’t know. That is where real
intelligence is formed.
A．But if you’re currently stuck in a fixed mindset, this might be hard to believe right away.
B．You obviously can’t be expected to know everything or to do everything on your own.
C．The most important thing is whether you put in your best effort.
D．A setback or failure is not something to be ashamed of, but embraced.
E．Reframe failures as learning opportunities.
F．Even if you congratulate yourself, you may end up hurting long term.
G．Instead, praise hard work and persistence to encourage improvement.
7
Probably you grew up with a stop-snacking mom. That is a mom who tells her kids that snacks (零食) are bad.
They will make you fat. They will hurt your teeth.
Well, Mom may be right about most things, but she isn’t right about all snacks. There is actually a healthy way
to snack. ____31____ ! The right snacks can keep you from eating too much at dinner and keep you from getting
fat.
The first rule about snacking is to make your own. Don’t buy snacks that are already wrapped and sold in
stores. ____32____
The second rule about snacking is to eat things that take longer for your body to process. Things like bread and
crackers (饼干) are processed quickly by your body. ____33____ , and you’ve got a winning snack.
____34____ . Especially when you are working, it is easy to mistake being tired for being hungry. And you
might not really be hungry at all. Your body might just be trying to tell you to drink some water. Have a bottle of
water before you pull out another snack. That might be all you really need.
With one or two snack breaks during your day, you will probably find that you eat less at lunch and dinner.
____35____ . And eating less is a great way to start losing weight. Sorry about that, Mom.
A．The third rule about snacking is to remember water
B．Have some cheese or yogurt to go along with some bread
C．The most important rule is avoid snacks when hungryD．In fact, snacking the right way can keep you healthier
E．Try fresh or dried fruit which makes ideal snacks
F．Most of those snacks have too much sugar and salt in them
G．Smaller meals will help you cut down the amount of food you eat during your day
8
The next time you pick up a glass, notice the place where your fingers touched it. Do you see patterns of these
lines? ____36____ If you look closely at the tips of your fingers, you will see the same raised patterns on your
skin.
Fingerprints (指纹) begin to form long before a baby is born. ____37____ Even if we injure our fingers, the
lines of our fingerprints grow back the same way, as long as the injury isn’t very serious.
No two people have the same fingerprints—not even twins. Because fingerprints are unique, they can be used
to identify people. ____38____ Fingerprints can also act like a key, unlocking a phone if a person’s fingerprint
matches one that has been stored in the device.
____39____
They might help us improve our sense of touch. Or they might help tell a doctor whether a patient is properly
absorbing the medicine they’ve been given. Also they might help police to solve crimes (破案). If a thief stole gold
watches from a store and left his fingerprints behind, the police can check those fingerprints. They compare them to
their database to find who has a matching fingerprint.
Just imagine our life without fingerprints! It’d be difficult for us to read information and interact with
whatever we’re touching or holding in our hands. ____40____ How do you feel when your fingers are interacting
with the buttons of the computer while wearing gloves? Or did you find difficulties in unlocking your phone?
A．Those are your fingerprints.
B．Why do we need fingerprints?
C．Why don’t people have the same fingerprints?
D．Having no fingerprints is like wearing gloves!
E．Well, a fingerprint is formed when a finger makes contact with a surface.
F．Investigators look for fingerprints left to help figure out who had been there.
G．When we enter the world, we have the fingerprints we’ll have for our whole lives.
参考答案1
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何度过一个有意义的暑假给了一些建议。
1. 根据上文“After a busy school year, there’s nothing wrong with sleeping late and watching TV or playing
video games all day-at least for the first week or two of your summer vacation.(忙碌的学年过后，睡得晚、整天
看电视或打游戏并没有什么错——至少在暑假的头一两周是这样。)”可知，作者认为刚开始暑假生活时，
这样做并没有什么不妥。而下文“Learn a language to make new friends.(学习一门语言以结交新朋友)”可知，
作者开始就如何度过暑假给出自己的建议。选项E“If this gets boring, it might be time to break out of your
comfort zone. (如果你觉得这很无聊，也许是时候跳出你的舒适区了。)”与上下文一致，承上启下。故选
E。
2. 根据下文“You can learn the basics of a language by downloading a language-learning app and completing all
the lessons. (可以通过下载一个语言学习应用程序来学习一门语言的基础知识，并完成所有的课程。)”可知，
作者建议用APP来学习语言。选项B“Then find learning resources online.(然后在网上寻找学习资源。)”与下
文内容一致。故选B。
3. 根据上文“Take a cooking course to learn culinary(烹饪)skills.(参加烹饪课程学习烹饪技巧。)”可知，本段
内容为作者建议学习烹饪。选项F“Nothing surprises and pleases a family more than a teenager who can cook.
(没有什么比一个会做饭的青少年更能让家人感到惊喜和高兴的了。)”解释了为什么要建议青少年学习烹饪。
故选F。
4. 空处为段首句，为本段中心句。下文“Learning an individual sport over the summer is a great way to stay
fit, especially if you play team sports during the school year. Even if you don’t normally play sports at school,
taking any kind of sports class during the summer can help you get in shape and build up your confidence.(在夏天
学习一项个人运动是保持健康的好方法，特别是如果你在学年期间参加团队运动。即使你平时在学校不做
运动，在夏天参加任何类型的运动课程都可以帮助你保持体形，建立自信。)”主要是建议青少年要运动。
选项A“Play a new sport to stay fit.(做一项新的运动来保持健康。)”正是本段中心句。故选A。
5. 根据段首句“Take arts and crafts(手工) classes to feel more creative.(参加艺术和手工艺班，让自己更有创
造力。)”可知，本段内容为作者建议青少年上手工课。而空前“The great thing about arts and crafts classes is
that they’re inexpensive.(艺术和手工艺课最大的好处就是它们不贵。)”讲的是艺术和手工艺课的好处。选项
D“They’re also short, so you can take several classes over the summer.(它们也很短，所以你可以在夏天上几门
课。)”讲的是其他的好处，与上文内容一致。故选D。
2
【答案与解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了保持快乐的一些建议。6. 由下文“Express gratitude for the good things in your life. ”（对生活中的美好事物表达感激之情。）以
及“Replace negative thoughts with positive self-talk.”（用积极的自我对话代替消极的想法。）可知此句为
承上启下作用，表达“我们每天要如何做才能保持快乐”，可知 D. It's a series of decisions that you make
every day.（这是你每天做的一系列决定。）符合语境。故选D。
7. 由下文“Your gratitude list might include, “my cat,” “a job I love,” “a best friend I can call anytime,” “a cozy
bed,” and “good food to eat.””（你的感激之情清单可能包括：“我的猫”，“我喜欢的工作”，“我可以随
时打电话给最好的朋友”，“舒适的床”和“好吃的食物”），此句“Your gratitude list”与F项“Keep a
gratitude journal or list”相对应，可知F. Keep a gratitude journal or list 3-5 things you're grateful for each day.
（每天写一本感恩日记或列出3-5件你感激的事情。）符合语境。故选F。
8. 由前文“When you notice negative thoughts, replace them with a positive or neutral (中立) thought.”（当你注
意到消极的想法时，用积极或中立的想法来代替它们。），此处“with a positive”与G项“make positive
statements”相对应，表达进一步叙述，可知G. Additionally, make positive statements to yourself throughout
your day.（此外，在一天中对自己做出积极的陈述。）符合语境。故选G。
9. 由下文“Everyone is on their own journey, so it's unfair to you to measure your progress by looking at what
others have achieved.”（每个人都在走自己的路，所以通过观察别人取得的成就来衡量自己的进步对你来说
是不公平的。），结合上文“Replace negative thoughts with positive self-talk.”（用积极的自我对话代替消
极的想法。）句型结构，此处也作中心句，概括下段大意，此句“it's unfair to you to measure your progress
by looking at what others have achieved”与 B 项“comparing yourself to other people”相对应，可知 B. Stop
comparing yourself to other people.（不要拿自己和别人比较。）符合语境。故选B。
10. 由前文“Instead, compare yourself to where you were in the past.”（相反，把你自己与过去相比。），联
系上下文句意，可知推断 C 项中的“This”指此句内容，因此，C. This will help you see how you're
progressing.（这将帮助您了解您的进展情况。）符合语境。故选C。
3
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了袁隆平是如何发现并培育杂交水稻的。
11. 根据上文“On a summer day in 1961, Yuan Longping, the celebrated agronomist(农学家) whose death was
widely mourned across China, was inspecting a test field in Hunan province, when he came across a single rice
plant bearing 230 grains.(1961年夏天的一天，著名农学家袁隆平在湖南视察一块试验田时，偶然发现一株
水稻有230粒。袁隆平的去世在中国引起了广泛的哀悼)”可知，袁隆平偶然发现一株水稻有230粒。而空
后“and Yuan thought he may have found a naturally high-yield strain of rice.(袁隆平认为他可能发现了一种天
然高产的水稻品种)”可知，这株水稻显得很突出。选项C“It dwarfed the other plants in the field(它使田野里的其他植物相形见绌)”符合上下文。故选C。
12. 根据空前“To his disappointment, the resulting plants demonstrated a variety of useful traits(特性),(令他失望
的是，培育出来的植物表现出多种有用的特性)”可知，结果不如人意；再根据“，”可知，选项的首字母
无需大写。选项A“but none was as productive as the parent(但他们都没有父母的效率高)”符合段意，同时格
式也符合。故选A。
13. 根据上文“Rice is a self-pollinating(自花传粉) crop,(水稻是一种自花授粉的作物，)”可知，水稻很难去
人工授粉。再根据“，”可知，空处选项首字母不可大写。选项 G“and it is difficult to remove the male
flowers and crossbreed them one by one.(很难将雄花逐一去除并进行杂交)”形式上符合，且内容与上文一致。
故选G。
14. 根据上文“To develop hybrid rice, it was necessary to find a sterile male plant and then use it to crossbreed
with other varieties. (为了培育杂交水稻，必须找到不育的雄性植株，并与其他品种进行杂交)”可知，为了培
育杂交水稻，必须找到不育的雄性植株。选项 E“Believing that there must be naturally occurring sterile
males(相信一定有自然产生的不育雄性)”与上文内容一致。故选E。
15. 根据下文“where about 20 percent of the world’s population lives on less than 9 percent of the world’s arable
land.(世界上大约20%的人口生活在世界上不到9%的可耕地上)”可知，袁隆平为中国解决粮食问题做出了
重大贡献。选项D“Yuan’s dedication greatly boosted harvests in our country(袁的奉献大大促进了我们国家的
丰收)”内容上与下文一致，同时country又是下文定语从句的先行词。故选D。
4
【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拥有兄弟姐妹的好处，并且说明拥有好朋友也可以带来许多
同样的好处。
16. 根据后文“Here is how family bonds are vital as you enter old age.”(以下是当你步入老年时，家庭纽带的
重要性。)可知，此处是指家庭关系非常重要，根据前文“It seems very likely you fought like cat and dog
when you were younger.”(你们年轻的时候很可能会像猫和狗一样打架。)可知，前后构成转折关系，对应选
项C中的转折词but。所以选项C“但是兄弟姐妹可以促进你的身心健康。”切合文意。故选C。
17. 根据后文“A University of Michigan study found that children who were six or under when a new brother or
sister arrived had a healthier BMI.”(密歇根大学的一项研究发现，当新兄弟姐妹出生时，6岁或以下的儿童体
重指数更健康。)可知，此处是讲很小的时候有个弟弟妹妹可能会有利于体重健康。所以选项 B“有个弟弟
妹妹可能会让你更苗条。”切合文意。故选B。
18. 根据前文“Having brothers and sisters makes you more charitable.”(有兄弟姐妹会让你更仁慈。)可知，此
处是指有兄弟姐妹的人更有可能很善良，所以选项F“研究发现，有兄弟姐妹会让你做好事的可能性增加一倍。”切合文意。故选F。
19. 根据前文“Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle.”(兄弟姐妹可以帮助你拥有更健康的生活方
式。)可知，此处是讲拥有兄弟姐妹有利于培养健康的生活方式，所以选项 E“兄弟姐妹是唾手可得的健身、
健康饮食的好朋友。”切合文意。故选E。
20. 根据前文“Having good friends can bring many of the same benefits.”(拥有好朋友可以带来许多相同的好
处。 )可知，此处是讲拥有好朋友可以带来的和拥有兄弟姐妹相同的好处，所以选项D“研究表明，拥有亲
密的朋友可以促进你的健康和幸福。”切合文意。故选D。
5
【答案与解析】本文是一篇议论文。作者建议我们活在当下，并给出一些建议。
21. 根据上文“We’ve all been asked this question: where do you see yourself in five or ten years?(我们都曾被问
过这样的问题:你认为自己5年或10年后会是什么样子?)”可知，上文是一个问题，那么空处应和我们如何
回答这个问题相关。选项F“But actually most of us don’t have the answers to that.(但实际上我们大多数人都不
知道答案。)”，与上文承接。故选F。
22. 根据下文“If not, it will only ruin all the good things happening now.(如果不这样做，它只会毁了现在发生
的所有好事。)”提到如果不这样，就会毁了现在发生的好事，可得出，空处指的是我们不应该做某件事情。
选项E“Stop worrying about what hasn’t happened yet.(不要担心尚未发生的事情。)”与下文一致，指的是我们
不应该担心尚未发生的事情。故选E。
23. 根据下文“Group holidays with all your friends don’t come around often and as you get older and people start
their families, they are less likely to happen. Good memories will always be precious.(和你所有的朋友一起集体
度假的机会不会经常有，随着你们长大，朋友们开始有了自己的家庭，一起度假不太可能发生。美好的回
忆永远是珍贵的。)”可知，作者是建议参加和朋友的旅行的。选项A“Go for it!(去吧)”正是表达了作者的支
持。故选A。
24. 根据上文“In order to fully live in the present, surround yourself with people that make you feel good.(为了
完全活在当下，和让你感觉良好的人在一起。)”可知，作者建议要和让自己感觉好的人在一起。下文“So,
if you find yourself doubting your achievements and think you perform worse than other people, take a step away
from them for a while until you no longer feel negative about the differences in your lives and achievements.(所以，
如果你发现自己怀疑自己的成就，认为自己比其他人表现得更差，远离他们一段时间，直到你不再对你的
生活和成就的差异感到消极。)”可知，人容易比较彼此的成就。选项G“It’s easy to get caught up in others’
lives and compare the achievements.(人们很容易被别人的生活所吸引，并且比较别人的成就。)”承上启下，
符合大意。故选G。25. 根据上文“Put yourself first and stop trying to please anyone else. You are your own number one, and looking
after yourself before anyone else is the most important. Work towards the goals you want to achieve, not the ones
others want you to achieve.(把自己放在第一位，不要试图取悦任何人。你是自己的第一，在照顾别人之前照
顾好自己是最重要的。朝着自己想要实现的目标努力，而不是别人想让你实现的目标努力。)”可知，本段
主要讲述的是自己才是最重要的。选项D“Just make sure anything you do is done for you!(确保你所做的一切
都是为你做的!)”符合本段内容。故选D。
6
【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何培养成功者的“终身成长”的心态。
26. 根据上文“Dr. Carol Dwek, an American psychologist, explains: genius is not enough; we need to get the job
done. ”（美国心理学家Carol Dwek教授解释说：天赋是不够的；我们需要真正地去做这个工作）以及下文
“To cultivate a growth mindset, stop judging your worth based on how smart you perceive yourself to be and start
focusing on trying your best.”（要形成终身成长的心态，停止基于你认为自己有多么聪明来评价自身价值而
是专注于尽全力）可知，这里强调“真正做出努力”。C项“The most important thing is whether you put in
your best effort.”(最重要的是你是否尽了最大的努力。)也是强调“尽最大的努力”，承上启下，故选C项。
27. 根据文章结构可知，这里是小标题，概括本段。从本段第二句话“But instead of seeing failure as a
negative thing, reframe it as an opportunity to learn something.” (把失败看成一个学习机会，而不是消极结果 )
可知，本段主要讲解“将失败看作是学习的机会”。E项“Reframe failures as learning opportunities.”(将失
败重新定义为学习机会。)能概括本段大意，故选E项。
28. 根据本段小标题“ Reframe setbacks as part of the process. ”(把挫折看成过程的部分 )及下文提到的
“Learn from it, appreciate it, then move on.”(从中学习，感激它的出现，并继续前行)可知,本段强调把挫折看
成过程的一部分。D项“A setback or failure is not something to be ashamed of, but embraced.”(挫折或失败不
是什么可耻的事，而是可以接受的。)强调接受挫折。先接受，才能从中学习，并感激它的出现。故选 D
项。
29. 根据本段小标题“Praise effort rather than outcomes.”（表扬努力而非结果）以及上文“It’s important to
remember that praising your intelligence and talent won’t help you grow and learn. ”（一定要记住表扬智慧和才
能不能帮助成长和学习）可知，本段强调“表扬的重要性”。G项“Instead, praise hard work and persistence
to encourage improvement.”(相反，表扬努力工作和坚持，以鼓励改进。)也是在讲述表扬的重要性，符合本
段主旨，故选G项。
30. 根据后文“So reach out when you need help. ”（因此，当你需要时主动求助）是“结果”，B项“You
obviously can’t be expected to know everything or to do everything on your own.”(显然不能指望你什么都知道或自己做所有的事情。)是“原因”，这下文是“因果关系”，故选B项。
7
【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述如何正确吃零食才健康。
31. 根据下文“The right snacks can keep you from eating too much at dinner and keep you from getting fat.(正确
的零食可以防止你在晚餐时吃太多，防止你变胖)”可知，适当的零食对健康有好处，D项“事实上，正确
的吃零食方式可以让你更健康”符合语境，故选D项。
32. 根据上文“Don’t buy snacks that are already wrapped and sold in stores.(不要购买已经包装好并在商店里
出售的零食)”可知，此处建议不要购买商店出售的零食，分析选项，F项“大多数零食都含有太多的糖和
盐”说明原因，符合语境，且 F 项中的 them 指代上文的“snacks that are already wrapped and sold in
stores”。故选F项。
33. 根据上文“Things like bread and crackers (饼干) are processed quickly by your body.(像面包和饼干这样的
东西会被你的身体快速消化)”可知，面包和饼干这样的食物会很快被消化掉，结合下文“and you’ve got a
winning snack(你就得到了一份不错的零食)”可知，空处应是描述在吃面包和饼干这样的食物时搭配其他东
西，这样就是一份不错的零食了。B项“把面包和一些奶酪或酸奶一起吃”符合语境。故选B项。
34. 空处是本段主题句，根据本段中“Have a bottle of water before you pull out another snack.(在你拿出另一
份零食之前，先喝一瓶水)”可知，本段主要讲述吃零食时要喝些水，A项“吃零食的第三个原则是记得喝
水”符合语境，故选A项。
35. 根据上文“With one or two snack breaks during your day, you will probably find that you eat less at lunch
and dinner.(一天中有一两顿零食间隙时间，你可能会发现你在午餐和晚餐吃得少了)”可知，下文应是讲述
这样做的好处，G项“少食可以帮助你减少一天的食量”符合语境。故选G项。
8
【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了什么是指纹以及指纹的重要性。
36. 根据上文“The next time you pick up a glass, notice the place where your fingers touched it. Do you see
patterns of these lines? (下次你拿起玻璃杯时，注意你手指碰到的地方。你看到这些线条的图案了吗？)”讲
手指触碰玻璃杯留下的线条图案是人的指纹。A选项“那是你的指纹。”承接上文。故选A项。
37. 由上文“Fingerprints (指纹) begin to form long before a baby is born. (指纹早在婴儿出生之前就开始形成
了)”和下文“Even if we injure our fingers, the lines of our fingerprints grow back the same way, as long as the
injury isn’t very serious. (即使我们的手指受伤了，只要伤势不是很严重，我们的指纹线也会以同样的方式长
回来)”可知，指纹是人类天生具有的东西，指纹未被损毁严重，会伴随人类一生，承接上下文，G选项
“当我们进入这个世界的时候，我们会留下我们一生的指纹。”切题。故选G项。38. 根据上文“Because fingerprints are unique, they can be used to identify people. (因为指纹是唯一的，所以
可以用来识别人)”讲指纹唯一性可以用来识别人的具体运用实例。F选项“调查人员寻找留下的指纹，以
帮助查明谁曾在那里。”承接上文。故选F项。
39. 由下文“They might help us improve our sense of touch. Or they might help tell a doctor whether a patient is
properly absorbing the medicine they’ve been given. Also they might help police to solve crimes (破案). (它们可能
会帮助我们提高触觉。或者，它们可能会告诉医生，患者是否正确吸收了他们服用的药物。它们还可以帮
助警方破案)”可知，该空与下文应该是因果关系，用B选项“为什么我们需要指纹？”提出话题，引出下
文讲指纹的作用和重要性。故选B项。
40. 由上文“Just imagine our life without fingerprints! It’d be difficult for us to read information and interact with
whatever we’re touching or holding in our hands. (想象一下没有指纹的生活吧！我们很难阅读信息，也很难与
手中的任何东西进行互动)”和下文“How do you feel when your fingers are interacting with the buttons of the
computer while wearing gloves? Or did you find difficulties in unlocking your phone? (戴手套时，手指与电脑按
钮互动时，你的感觉如何？或者您在解锁手机时发现了困难？)”可知，没有指纹，人们生活不便，例如就
像带着可以阻隔指纹的手套一样，使人无法解锁手机，D选项中的“Having no fingerprints”对应上文的
“without fingerprints”，D选项中的“wearing gloves”对应下文的“wearing gloves”，D选项“没有指纹就像
戴着手套！”切题。故选D项。
