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2023 年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清
倒装句、省略句与强调句
1
考点复习
考点一 倒装句
全部倒装
把谓语全部提到主语前面，叫全部倒装。主要有：
1.there be 句型：
可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外，还可用 live，happen，exist，remain，stand等等作这类句型的谓语。
如：
There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生。
Long, long ago there lived a king who loved horses very much.
很久很久以前，有一位国王，他非常喜欢马。
There happened to be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out.
起火的时候，碰巧房间里面没有人。
【典例分析】
1. John opened the door. There _________ he had never seen before.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood
C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装。表示存在关系的句子，将表地点的副词或介词短语提至句首时，若主语为名词，应采
用完全倒装语序。此题中将表地点的副词。there提到了句首，而且主语为名词a girl，所以要采用完全倒
装语序，所以选D项。
2.Here/There/Now＋vi.（常为come, go）＋主语（必须是名词）
此句型中here/there用来唤起注意意思是＂喂，注意了＂。如：
Here comes Mary. → I can see Mary coming. 玛丽来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。→I can hear the bell ringing.
Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。
There he comes. 他来了。这种句型不能用现在进行时。
here句中也可用系动词。如：
Here are some story books I want. →Here is what you asked for, or you are looking for. 这就是我要的故事书。
（我找了好久）
Here we are. This is the station.咱们到了，这就是火车站。
＂Give me some paper.＂ ＂Here you are.＂＂给我点纸。＂ ＂给你。＂
3.then引起谓语为 come，follow的句子。如：
Then came a new difficulty. 然后产生了一个新的困难。
Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War. 接着是八年抗战。
4.out，in，up, down，away之类的副词作状语放在句首，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称
代词，谓语为不及物动词come， go，run，rush，etc。句式为：副词＋ vi.＋主语（必须是名词）。如：
Out rushed the tiger from among the bushes. 老虎从灌木丛里冲了出来。
In came the rose fragrance through the windows. 玫瑰花香透过窗户飘了进来。
5.介词短语作状语放在句首，谓语为不及物动词，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。
句式为：介词短语＋vi.＋主语（必须是名词）。如：
In the middle of our school stands a high building.在学校中央有一座高楼。
【典例分析】
At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ________, one of the ten largest cities in China.
A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies
C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。
6.表语放在句首，表语常为形容词、分词、副词、介词短语。要求主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很
短的人称代词。句式为：表语＋系动词＋主语（必须是名词）。
Gone are the days when the teachers were looked down upon.
老师地位低下的年代一去不复返了。
On the both sides of the street are beautiful flowers. 街道两旁有美丽的花。
South of city are two big lakes. 城市的两边有两个大湖。
7.直接引语中间或后面，表示某人说这意思的插入语（特别是谓语较短时）。
＂They must be in the fields now,＂ thought Xiao Lin.＂他们准是下地了。＂小林想道。
＂Help! Help!＂ cried the little girl.小姑娘叫道：＂救命！救命！＂如果主语不比谓语长，或是它后面有宾语，主语就仍然多放在前面。
＂Take your seats，gentlemen,＂ Wilson shouted.威尔逊嚷道：＂先生们坐好。＂
部分倒装
只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：
1.＂only＋副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从句＂开头的句子。如：
Only then did I realize the importance of English.
直到那时我才意识到英语的重要性。
Only in this way can you make progress in your English.
只有通过这种方式你学英语才会取得进步。
注意：
１）在only＋状语从句＋主句结构中，主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。
２）only修饰主语，不倒装。
【典例分析】
Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching
goals.
A. I did discover B. did I discover C. I discovered D. discovered
【答案】B
【解析】此处Only作副词放句首修饰时间状语after talking to two students，主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒
装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则
需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。句意：在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到，拥有强烈
的动机是达到目标的最大因素。故选B。
特别提示：
副词only置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒
装。 但若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是only+宾语等，通常则无需倒装。
►Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.在被邀请了三次之后，他才出席会议。
►Only in this way can you master English.只有用这种方式你才能掌握英语。
►Only when he returned did we find out the truth.只有当他返回时，我们才能发现真相。
2. 否定词（短语）开头的句子要用部分倒装。
表示否定的副词never，nor，neither，表示半否定意义的副词hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和
not的词组by no means（决不），in no time（很快），at no time（在任何时候都不），（在任何情况下都
不）not until，not only...but also，no sooner...than＝hardly...when/scarcely...即＂否定词＋助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他＂。如：
Never have I been in this city. 我从没到过这座城市。
Little/Seldom do I watch TV. 我很少看电视。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。
注意：
1)关联词的搭配。
2)前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装。
【典例分析】
1. （2019 • 天津卷 • 单项填空）The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use
mobile phones in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account
决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should do，敢于做dare do，根据句意表示＂应该＂，
故选A。
2.（2016·江苏卷）Not until recently ________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除
A、D项；上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去时间，B项为过去完成时，排除B项。句意：直到最近他们
才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故选C。
3. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means_________ with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied
【答案】D
【解析】by no means意为 ＂绝不＂，放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。因此D项正确。B项多了
not一词。
3. 以so开头，用 ＂so＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＂表示前面叙述的情况也适合于另一个人或物，意为＂也，同样，也如此＂。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物，用＂neither/nor＋助动
词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＂。
Society has changed and so have the people in it. 社会变了，人也变了。
注意：
1)当so表示对前句内容的肯定、符合，或进一步强调前面所说的情况，或者赞同前面的说法时，应用自
然语序。意为 ＂的确，正是＂。
—Tom works hard. 汤姆工作很卖力。
—So he does and so do you. 的确如此，你也是。
2）倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致。
If you don’t go, neither/nor shall I.（If you don’t go, I shall not go.）你不去，我也不去。
注意：表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及到不同类型的动词
时可用：It is the same with sth./sb.或 So it is with sth./sb.句型。
She does well in English, but is poor in maths. So it is with Lucy.
她英语学得好，但数学学得差，露茜也是如此。
【典例分析】
—Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!
—________, madam. It’s our soup of the day.
A. Let me see B. So it is
C. Don’t mention it D. Neither do I
【答案】B
【解析】答语意为：是这样的，女士。这就是我们今天的汤。根据答语可知，第二个人同意第一个人说的
话，因此用＂So＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＂结构，意为＂的确如此＂。
4.由as引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置。句式为：表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语＋其他。如：
Clever as he is，he doesn’t study well.
虽然他很聪明，但他学习不好。
Child as he is， he knows a lot.
虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得不少事情。
Much as I like it，I won’t buy it.
虽然我非常喜欢它，但我不买。
Try as she might， she failed.虽然她试过了，但还是失败了。
注意：表语前的名词无形容词修饰时冠词要省略
【典例分析】
________, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound
【答案】D
【解析】as引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序, 其结构为：adj. /adv. /n.+ as + 主语 + 句子其他
部分，因此D项正确。
5. 在so...that从句中，如果so＋adj./adv.放在句首，其主句要倒装。
So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear him.
他讲话声音足够大，以至于每个人都能听得见。
【典例分析】
________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple
C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这对夫妇对于野生植物是那样的好奇；以致于他们决定去马达加斯加进一步研究。主语是
couple, 所以谓语用复数形式；该句子用部分倒装， so修饰的形容词或副词提到句首。
6. 如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were，should ，were可以把if省略而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒
装。
If it hadn’t been for their help, we couldn’t have finished the work on time.
＝Hadn’t it been for their help, we couldn’t have finished the work on time.
要不是由于他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那项工作。
If there should be a flood, what would we do?
＝Should there be a flood, what would we do?
要是发了洪水，我们该怎么办呢？
【典例分析】
________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.A. Did he catch B. should be catch
C. has he caught D. Had he caught
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果他赶上了早班火车，开会就不会迟到了。主句的谓语动词是would not have been，说
明此句表述的事情与过去事实相反，从句可以用if he had caught the morning train；当if从句中有
were, had或者should 时，可以省略if，把were, had或者should放在句首构成倒装结构。本句中含有
had，就变成了Had he caught the morning train。故选D。
7. 频度副词及短语often, always, now and then, many a time, every other day等放在句首时有时也倒装。
Many a time has he come to comfort me.他来安慰了我好多次。
Often did he warn them not to do so.他经常告诫他们不要那样去做。
8. 某些表示祝愿句子也用倒装语序。
May you succeed. 祝你成功！
Long live the Communist Party of China!中国共产党万岁！
方法技巧点拨
1. 考前应认真研读高考题目，了解命题人的意图，对高考方向有所把握。
2. 倒装句在句式上考生不是很习惯，故考生得从多方面入手，熟悉各种倒装句式，以不变应万变。
3. 要注意倒装句中的主谓一致、时态一致及人称一致等问题。
4. 加强理解分析能力，切忌机械记忆，注意知识间的交叉，分清句子成分。
5. 在平时的学习中尽最大努力运用所学知识，达到熟能生巧的目的。
考点二 省略句
省略是高考经常涉及的语法点，常考的几种省略情况如下：
(1)状语从句的省略：在when、while、if、as if、though、as、whether等连词引导的状语从句中，如果
谓语有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it，则从句的主语和be常常省略。
(2)不定式中的省略：在一定的上下文中为了避免重复，可以省略不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词
(短语)，只保留不定式符号to，否定形式的省略用not to，但如果省略的不定式结构中含有be、have(做助
动词用)，通常保留be或have。
(3)if引导的虚拟条件句的省略：当 if从句中有had、should、were时，可以省去 if，同时把had、
should、were置于句首。
【典例分析】
1．I was impressed by ________ selfless she was.
答案与解析 how 句意：我被她的无私打动了。设空后是形容词 selfless, 故应用how引导感叹句，
同时在句中引导宾语从句。
2．Get up early tomorrow. If ________， you will miss the early bus.
答案与解析 not 句意：明天早起。如果不早起的话，你将会错过早班车。在if so/not省略句式中，
so/not指代上一句的内容，根据miss the early bus可知，设空处是指“不早起”。3．________ (take) more care when crossing the road, or you will be fined.
答案与解析 Take 本句的句子结构为“祈使句＋or＋简单句”，表示“……否则……”。故填
Take。
考点三 祈使句
一、祈使句的句式特征
祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根
据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。在表达请求或劝
告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化，
也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地！
Put the boxes in the small room. 把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。
二、祈使句的肯定句式
祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：
1. 行为动词原形+其他成分。
Make sentences after the model. 根据例句造句。
2. Be动词+其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）。
Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时要小心。
3. Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他成分。
Let him go back now. 让他现在回去吧。
【典例分析】
1. （2018·北京卷·单项填空）In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent
will get you the help you need.
A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使
你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中
只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
2. Always _________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
A. to keep B. to have kept C. keep D. have kept
【参考答案】C【答案解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子，而 that引导的是宾语从句，因此只能是祈使句。故选
C。句意：永远记住，你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
【名师点睛】祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第—、三人称祈
使句两大类。祈使句用于两个重要句型中：①＂祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句＂用来叙述肯定的条件；②＂
祈使句+or(else)+表结果的陈述句＂用来叙述否定的条件，or(else)表示＂否则＂；句首以动词原形开头。从
本题的成分来判断，可以看出是考查祈使句。
三、祈使句的否定句式
祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never，一般分为以下四种类型：
1. 在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t，构成＂Don’t+行为动词原形+其他成分＂。
Don’t say that again! 别再那样说了！
2. 在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t，构成＂Don’t be+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)＂。
Don’t be careless. 不要粗心。
注意：在这种句型中be不能省略；否定副词not不可置于be之后。
3. Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种：(1)Let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代
词的宾格，可在Let前加Don’t，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。(2)如果以Let’s开头的祈使句，
必须在Let’s后加not。
Don’t let me go with her tomorrow. =Let me not go with her tomorrow. 不要让我明天跟她一起去。
Let’s not tell her the truth whenever we meet her. 无论什么时候我们碰到她，都不要告诉她真相。
4. 在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用＂No+名词/V-ing形式＂结构，表示＂禁止做某事＂。
NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照!
四、祈使句的反意问句
祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分。通常有以下三种形式：
1. 祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，通常用 will you；表示邀请、劝说时，用won’t
you。
Be sure to write to us, will you? 你一定要给我们写信，好吗？
Come to have dinner with us this evening, won’t you? 今晚来和我们一起吃饭，好吗？
2. 祈使句为否定句式，其反意疑问句通常只用will you。
Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？
3. Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除Let’s用shall we外，其他均用will you。
Let the boy go first, will you? 让个那男孩先走，好吗？Let’s take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后我们去散步，好吗？
【典例分析】
1. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _________?
A.do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you, 意思是＂好吗, 可以吗＂。
2. I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, __________?
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you C. aren’t I D. didn’t she
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】在反意疑问句中，如果主句的谓语动词是think, suppose, believe, imagine, be sure等，且主语
为第一人称，简略问句仅有肯定或否定是与主句相对应，而主语和时态要与宾语从句一致。
五、祈使句的回答
祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否
定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是＂形式一致＂，即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致。二是
＂意思相反＂，即Yes是＂不＂的意思；No是＂是＂的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供
的条件。
—Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。
—Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。
六、祈使句与陈述句的并列使用
祈使句后接陈述句时，须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时，要用并列连
词and来连接；如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时，要用并列连词or来连接。
Leave it with me and I will see what I can do. 把它留给我吧，我想想有没有办法。
Hurry up, or we’ll be late. 快点，否则我们要迟到了。
七、祈使句与条件状语从句的连用
祈使句与条件状语从句连用时，条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。
Tell him to make a phone call to me if he comes here tomorrow. 如果他明天来这儿的话，叫他给我来个
电话。
八、祈使句的强调形式
祈使句的强调形式通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do(Do在句中无意义)。
Do shut up! 快住口！
九、特殊形式的祈使句在英语中，有些祈使句不是以动词原形来引起一个祈使句，而是以一个名词短语来充当，且后接一个
带有并列连接词的分句。实际上，这个充当祈使句的名词短语相当于一个条件状语从句。
More water and the young trees couldn’t have died. =If you had given them more water, the young trees
couldn’t have died. 如果你给那些小树多浇点水的话，它们就不会死了。
【典例分析】
__________ and I’ll get the work finished.
A. Have one more hour B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】本题考查＂祈使句+and+简单句＂的用法。其中祈使句可转换成名词短语，如One more word
and I’ll beat you flat.因此B项正确。如果选C、D两项，要去掉and。
十、运用祈使句的误区
祈使句往往容易与不定式、分词或条件状语从句相混淆。在平时的练习或测试中，如果稍不留神，就
会出错。因此，要认真审题，认真分析句子结构，并根据上下文语境，作出正确判断。
【典例分析】
__________ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.
A. Having checked B. Check C. If you check D. To check
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】如果空白处选填B项，则视为祈使句，但后一分句前没有并列连接词and连接；如选A或D
项（分词或不定式），句中逻辑主语some spelling mistakes又不能执行这个动作，故均不符合句子结构。
因此，只有C项（条件状语从句）符合句子结构及句意。
考点四 感叹句
感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由what和how引导，其句型结
构为＂What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!＂。也有少量其他形式的感叹句，现一并归纳如下：
(1)What 引导的感叹句
What用作定语，修饰名词，其引导的感叹句句型结构为：
①What+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如：What an orphan he is!他是个多么可怜的孤儿啊!
②What+a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如：What a beautiful voice she has!她的声音多美
啊!
③What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!如：What kind doctors they are!他们是多好的医生啊!④What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如：What good news it is!
(2)How引起的感叹句
How用作状语，修饰形容词、副词和动词，其引导的感叹句句型结构为：
①How+形容词+主语+谓语! How clever you are!
②How+副词+主语+谓语! How well she dances!
③How +形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如： How good a student he is!
④How+主语+谓语!如： How the teachers worked!教师们工作多么努力啊!
⑤How+many(few)+可数名词的复数+主语+谓语!如： How many books you have read!
⑥How much(little)+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如： How little money the coat cost!
(3)＂What+a(an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!＂句型可转换为＂How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单
数+主语+谓语!＂句型。如：What a clever boy he is! How clever a boy he is!
(4)感叹句常将主语和谓语动词省略，以＂What+名词!＂或＂How+形容词!＂的形式构成。如：
What a fine student! What mountains! How wonderful! How brave!
(5)其他形式的感叹句
有时候，可不用what和how来表示感叹，而用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句，甚至一个词或词组来表示
感叹。如：She is such a nice girl!她是一个多好的姑娘啊!(陈述句) Who do you think you are!你算老几!
(疑问句) ＂Stop the train! Stop the train!＂(祈使句) Wonderful!(一个词) Happy New Year!(词组)
考点五 强调句
强调句知识结构
强调句型 注意点 例 句
为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主 原句：Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace.
语、宾语或状语），常用强调结构：It
强调主语：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in
is(was) +被强调部分+that(who)…；
the Youth Palace last night.
It is (was) +
表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主
强调宾语：It was a film that I saw in the Youth
句的主语，it本身没有词义。
被强调部分 Palace last night.
+that(who)… 一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或
强调地点状语：It was in the Youth Palace that I
将来各种时态，用 It is…that (who)…；
saw a film last night.
如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则
用It was… that(who)…。 强调时间状语：It was last night that I saw a film
in the Youth Palace.
It is/ was … that …结构不能强调谓语， ①Do be careful when you cross the street.
如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/do
谓语动词的 es或did。 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
强调
They do work hard at maths.
注意：
他们对数学的学习确实很努力。
①do用于对肯定的祈使句的强调以及对实义动词一般现在时肯定句（除主语
是第三人称单数）的强调； ②He does send an email to me every day.
②does用于对实义动词一般现在时肯定 他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。
句主语是第三人称单数的强调； ③He did do his homework yesterday.
③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句
昨天他确实做了家庭作业。
的强调。
It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…句型的变式
① Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronauts
succeeded _______ landing on the moon ?
句式基本特征：
A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D . that; in
It is (was) + Is/ Was it +被强调部分+
② Could it be in the restaurant in _______ you had
that…；
被强调部分
dinner with me yesterday _______ you lost your
+that(who)…
或情态动词+ it + be + 被强 handbag?
调部分 + that…
A. that; which B . which; that
C. where; that D. that; where
—_______ is it _______ has made Peter _______ he is
句式基本特征：特殊疑问词 today?
特殊疑问句 +is/was it that…？或特殊疑问 —Determination.
形式 词 + 情态动词 + it + be +
被强调部分 + that… A. What; that; that B. That; that; what
C. What; what; that D. What; that; what
句式基本特征：It is/was+被 It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the
反意疑问句 强 调 部 分 +that… ， isn’t / hospital, _______?
形式
wasn’t it？ A. do they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it
①I’ve already forgotten _________ you put the dictionary.
A. that it was there B. where was it that
[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K][来源:学&科&网]
C. that where it was D. where it was that
【解析】D。本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的
体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。
第一步：复原→It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.
第二步：对划线部分提问→Where was it that you put the
与名词从句的结合句式特征
dictionary?
为：整个强调句型用作名词
强调句与其 性从句或者在强调句型中含 第三步：变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则
它句型的结 有名词性从句。 变为：I’ve already forgotten where it was that you
合 put the dictionary.
②It was at the very beginning _______ Mr. Fox made the
decision _______ we should send more firefighters there.
A. when; which B. where; what
[来源:Zxxk.Com][来源:Zxxk.Com]
C. then; so D. that; that
【解析】D。 第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that
引导同位语从句，说明the decision的内容。
与定语从句的结合句式特征 ①It was in the small house _______ was built with stones by
为：在强调句型的被强调部
his father _______ he spent his childhood.
分或其他部分中找出一个先A. which; that B. that; where
C. which; which D. that; which
【解析】A。本题含义为＂是在这间小房子里他度过了童
年＂，the small house作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语
的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词
that，故答案选A。
②Is _______ three hours _______ the boy _______ family is
poor to come to school on foot?
A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose
C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that;
行词，附上修饰该部分的定 【解析】B。本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般
语从句。 问句形式和句式It takes sb. some time to do sth.的糅合。我
们也分几步来看这个句子：
第一步：基本句式 It takes the boy three hours to come to
school on foot.
第二步：以the boy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变
为：
It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come to
school on foot.
第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变
为：It is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor
to come to school on foot.
第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句可知答案。
①—Who is making so much noise in the garden?
—________ the children.
A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are
【解析】答案为A。强调句型在具体的语境中的省略，其
完整形式应是：It is the children who are making so
句式特征为：在一定的上下
much noise in the garden.。
文中，强调句型的that(who)
强调句型的
及其后面的部分可以省略。 ②—He was nearly drowned once.
省略形式
作题时要特别注意将其复原
—When was that?
并加以比较。
—_______ was in 1998 he was in middle school.
A. That; that B. it; when C. This; that D. It; that
【解析】B。强调句的一种省略，完整形式是：It was in
1998 when he was in middle school that he was
nearly drowned.
强调句型的构成是：It is (was) + 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子的其他成分。被强调的部分放
在 It is (was) 之后，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如
果是人，可以由who代替that。
1. 被强调的成分举例：
原句：Tom found my pen in the classroom yesterday.强调主语：It was Tom who / that found my pen in the classroom yesterday.
强调宾语：It was my pen that Tom found in the classroom yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was in the classroom that Tom found my pen yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that Tom found my pen in the classroom.
2. 强调句型的一般疑问式：
直接把is或was提到it之前即可。如：
Was it Tom that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?
3. 强调句型的特殊疑问式：
特殊疑问词+ is (was) it + that +句子的其他成分。特殊疑问词即是被强调的成分。如：
Who was it that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?
4. that (who) 有时可以省略：
这种强调句型中的that或who有时可以省略。如：
It was my brother (that / whom) you saw the other day.
5. 强调原因状语从句要注意：
若从句由as或since引导，强调时则改为because，这是因为，because引导的原因从句表示的意义非常
强烈，符合强调句的目的。例如：
As she got up late, she missed the first bus. 变为：
It was because she got up late that she missed the bus.
6. 强调句的否定转移：
有些否定句在变成强调句时，要把否定转移到被强调的词语之前。尤其是not... until...；句式的强调要
特别注意。例如：
He didn’t realize his mistake until the teacher had told him. 变为：
It wasn’t until the teacher had told him that he realized his mistake.
【注意】 在强调句式中，虽然not被提前，但not... until...句型不要倒装。
高考中强调句型考查热点：
强调句型的基本结构
强调句型It is / was + 被强调的成份 + that + 其他成份；用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成份。that只起
连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。有时强调的部分比较特殊，如主语从句、状语从句、名词、不定式短
语、V-ing的复合结构等。如：
It was in the library that I saw her yesterday. 我昨天正是在图书馆见到她的。
【典例分析】1.（2018·天津卷·单项填空）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in
the passenger seat.
A. which B. that
C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强
调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语
指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故选B。
2.（2016·天津卷·单项填空）You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel __________ the coach picks up
tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。本题考查强调句，强调句型结构
是：It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语at
the hotel。故选D。
3. It was the culture, rather than the language, _________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment
abroad
A. where B. why C. that D. what
【答案】C
【解析】这个句子中含有it was，首先要考虑所给题目是不是一个强调句。把It was和横线去掉，发现句意
仍然完整清楚，所以说这里就是一个强调句。强调句的基本结构是it is / was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子
的其他成分，所以用that，所以选C。句意：是文化，而不是语言，使得他很难适应国外的新的环境。
特殊句式中的强调句型
1. 如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示到底、究竟等语气时，就用如下结构：
特殊疑问词 + is / was + it + that + 该句的其余部分。如：
How is it that you usually go to work? 你通常是怎样去上班的?
2. 在强调 not... until 结构中由 until 所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：
It + is / was + not until... + that + 该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。如：
His father didn’t come back from work until 12o’clock.
= It was not until 12 o’clock that his father came home from work.
直到12点他的爸爸才下班回家。【典例分析】
1. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century ____________ his musical gift was fully
recognized.
A. while B. though C. that D. after
【答案】C
【解析】句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与not until 连用。It be
not until that … 故选C项。
2. Was it because Jack came late for school ____________ Mr. Smith got angry?
A. why B. who C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解析】A为什么；B谁；C哪儿；D那个。通过翻译可知本句话意思完整，不缺少成分，由此判断该句
是强调句型，被强调部分是because引导的状语从句，故答案选D。句意：是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先
生才生气的吗？
强调句型与时间状语从句、定语从句的判断
强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区
别。试比较：
It was on March 1 that I had my hair cut. (强调句)
It was March 1 when I had my hair cut. (后面是定语从句)
判断是否是强调句，可采用还原法。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成份完整，则是强调句。否则
不是。如第一句可还原成：I had my hair cut on March 1.
2
知识强化
一、单项选择
1. I would like to talk with you about this issue. Could you spare a few minutes ______?
A. if necessary B. if possible C. if so D. if any
2. So ______ that all the wounded ought to be sent to hospital without any hesitation.
A. serious injured they are B. seriously injured they are
C. serious injured are they D. seriously injured are they
3. Not until I left my parents to study abroad ______ how much I missed them.
A. I realized B. I had realized C. did I realize D. had I realized
4. I firmly believe that it is his father rather than his grandparents who ______ for the spoiled child.A. is to blame B. should blame C. are to blame D. is to be blamed
5. It was between 1920 and 1930 _______ the television was invented in America.
A. which B. when C. since D. that
6. ______ the professor came ______ they began the test.
A. It was not before; when B. It was not before; that
C. It was not until; when D. It was not until; that
7. Beyond the bushes ______, which dates back to 500 years ago.
A. lies an old temple B. an old temple lies
C. lays an old temple D. an old temple lays
8. It was in the meeting room on the second floor _________ he lost his dictionary _________ he had bought the
week before.
A. where; that B. where; which
C. that; where D. that; 不填
9. So nice a girl _________ every girl and every boy in her class _________ help her when she is in trouble.
A. is she that; is willing to B. she looks that; would like to
C. is she that; are glad to D. does she look that; are willing to
10. The bell rang and________, heading for the playground in high spirits.
A. rushed out the boys B. out rushed the boys
C. did the boys rush out D. out the boys rushed
11. It is your wife as well as you that ______ the spoiled child.
A. is to blame for B. are to blame for
C. is to be blamed for D. are to be blamed for
12. ______ my foot hurt, I would have taken part in the sports meet.
A. Had I not got B. If I did not get C. If I have not got D. Had not I got
13. —______ you picked up the pen yesterday?
—On the playground.
A. Where was it that B. What was it that C. How was it when D. Where was it when
14. ______, I couldn’t lift the box.
A. As I might try B. Try as I might C. As try I might D. Though try I might
15. Only when he had done it ______ that he had made a mistake.
A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before he realize D. he realized16. It was at the age of 5 ________ he left his hometown for Shanghai.
A. that B. when C. which D. as
17. I had expected________ a lot of people________ to buy new books at the book fair, but only a few showed
interest in books of today which are usually full of emptiness.
A. there to be; waiting B. to have; waited
C. there being; to be waiting D. were there; waiting
18. I had never imagined________ so many people in Nanjing Avenue on that day.
A. that there to be B. there being
C. there to be D. that there being
19. We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that ________for their son’s bad performance at school.
A. should blame B. is to be blamed C. is to blame D. are to be blamed
20. It was on October 1st ________new China was founded.
A. which B. when C. as D. that
21. It is in the very gym ____ was built last year ____ I work out regularly after work .
A. that; that B. which; that C. which; where D. that; where
22. When entering the office, ____.
A. Roger was found sitting at a desk B. we found Roger seated at a desk
C. Roger was found sat at a desk D. it was we who found Roger seat at a desk
23. Look! On the top of the mountain ____ two pine trees.
A. stood B. standing C. stands D. stand
24. It is in the Summer Olympics ______ there are running races, swimming and sailing.
A. that B. which C. what D. why
25. It was in the small village ________ the famous writer was born.
A. where B. which C. that D. in which
26. Not only ________ do well in her study but she is also good at sports.
A. Mary does B. Mary did C. does Mary D. did Mary
27. Not only ______ Europe, but they also share a great many manners and customs.
A. two visitors come from B. had two visitors come from
C. two visitors have come from D. do two visitors come from
28. ______ that we had great trouble ______ it.
A. So difficult was the problem, to solveB. Difficult as the problem was, solving
C. So difficult was the problem, solving
D. So difficult the problem was, to solve
29. It was in the supermarket ______ she went shopping yesterday ______ she came across her idol.
A. that, when B. where, when C. where, that D. that, that
30. ______ is mentioned above, those who lack working experience are likely to be turned down when ______ for
a post.
A. It, applying B. As, applying C. It, applied D. What, applying
31. Not until very late that night ______ her house was ______ from the terrible flood.
A. did she realize, under threat B. that she realized, under threat
C. when she realized, in decline D. had she realized, in decline
32. —Look, he has such a ______.
—Maybe it was we who upset him.
A. straight face B. long face C. poker face D. blank face
33. Darwin saw a variety of new species on the Galapagos Islands, but it was the birds ______ interested him the
most.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
34. It was in Germany ______ he received his first education.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
35. Out ______ when it heard its master’s voice.
A. rushed the dog B. the dog rushed
C. did the dog rush D. was rushing the dog
36. I hope all the precautions against air pollution, _____ suggested by local government, will be seriously
considered here.
A. while B. since C. after D. as
37. —Is everyone here? —Not yet. Look, there ________ the rest of our guests!
A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming
38. _______you eat the correct foods will you be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A. Even though B. If only C. Only when D. Only if
39. It is in 1960_________ Chinese first put out flag on Mount Qomolangma.
A. when B. that C. which D. in which40. Only when your identity has been checked ________.
A. you are allowed to B. you will be allowed in
C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
二、完成句子
41. 这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造一个更
加美好明天的可能性。
________ a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible
for countries to work together ________.
42. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
I wonder if __________ because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve __________ everything to
do with nature.
43. Not until recently____________________the development of tourist－related activities in the rural areas.
直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。
44. 尼古拉·哥白尼认为, 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置, 天空中其它行星的运动才能说得清楚。
Nicolaus Copernicus believed only if you put the sun in the center ________the movement of the other planets in
the sky________ ________.
45. 直到鱼全死了，他们才意识到污染有多么严重。（倒装）
__________________________________________ how serious the pollution was.
46. While________________________, he was an advanced worker.
在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。
47. 毫无疑问你会和他们相处得很好！（doubt）
_________________________ you can get along well with them.
48. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness_________________again.
只有当他为自己的无礼道歉时，我才会再和他说话。
49. ________________________, this dictionary will be very popular.
一旦出版，这本词典将会很受欢迎。
50. 如果有必要的话，我将代表我们学校出席这次会议。
________ ________, I’ll attend the meeting _________ ___________ of our school.
51. 直到他背对着我，我才留意到他已经受伤了。
Not until he_______his back to me,_______I notice he had been_______.
52. 是在山区里找到那个疑犯吗？_______ _______in the_______area that the_______was found out?
53. 当他回到家里时，他才意识到发生了什么事。
Only when he returned home_____________________________what had happened.
54. 正是我的父亲教会了我如何勇敢的迎接挑战。
______ ______ my father _____ ______me how to meet challenge bravely.
55. Failure is the mother of success. In no case ; keep on trying. (lose)
失败乃成功之母。在任何情况下，我们都不应灰心，继续努力。
56. 一句多译
做早操不仅对你的健康有好处，而且可以提高你的学习成绩。
1. Doing morning exercises_________________________, but it can also improve your academic performance.
2. Not only _________________________, but it can also improve your academic performance.
57. 我们生活在一个叫希腊的地方。
We are living in___________________________________________Greece.
58. 如果你有一份工作，务必全身心地投入，最终你会成功。
If you have job, do ________ ________ ________ ________ and finally you will succeed.
59. 我们只有得了重病才知道健康的重要性。（强调句）
It is ________ ________ we are seriously ill ________ we know the importance of health.
60. 他的父母直到1980年才结婚。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ that his parents got married.
61. 它的价值如此之大，以至于后来的几位皇帝甚至请当时最有才华的艺术家复制了这幅卷图。
_________________that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of
the scroll.
62. 昨天是我的朋友汤姆请我吃的午饭。
________ ________ my friend Tom ________ treated me to lunch yesterday.
63. 你今天早上在哪里看见了李平？
________ ________ ________ that you saw Li Ping this morning?
64. 正是你的勤奋和努力造就了你的成功。
It was your diligence and efforts ________ ________ ________ your success.
65. 如果有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。
Remove any clothes using scissors________ ________, unless you see the fabric ________ to the burnt skin.
66. 直到上午9点半，她们终于抵达安大略省的省会多伦多It was ________ ________ 9:30 a.m. that they finally ________ the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
67. Although his wage is not high, he ________.
虽然他的工资不高，但他确实资助过这个贫穷的孩子。
68. In front of our house ________where we used to swim after school.
我们家前面有一条清澈的小河，过去我们常常放学后在那儿游泳。
69. _________, some foreign students gave a wonderful performance.
吃饭时，一些留学生进行了精彩的表演。
70. ________that the initiative would be carried out so quickly.
他从未想到这项倡议会如此快地得到执行。
71. He often makes mistakes ________.
他说英语时常犯错误。
72. 正是在这里玄奘踏上西行之路，这成为了西游记的原型。
________ , which became the basis of Journey to the West.
73. 直到赢得了冠军，她才松了口气。(倒装，relief)
Not until________________.
74. 虽然当时没受到高度评价，但达·芬奇还是拥有许多像蒙娜丽莎那样的巨作。
Although ________ ________ ________ ________ in his time, Da Vinci had many great works of art like Mona
Lisa.
75. 只有在吃对了食物的情况下,你才能够避免生病。
________ ________ you eat the correct foods ________ you be able to escape ________ from illness.
76. Walking and riding your bike count, _____ _____ _____ school sports.
步行和骑自行车就算，校内体育活动也算。
77. 在探索当地市场的同时，我对英国文化有了更深入的了解。（while省略结构）
I had deeper understanding of British culture ________________.
78. 就在她转过身的时候，一棵树倒在了房子的屋顶上。(强调句式)
________________________ a tree fell down onto the roof of the house.
79. 快点！现在轮到你发言了。（完全倒装）
Hurry up! ________________________.
80. 他们正在赏月，突然听到后面一阵掌声。
_________________________________________________________ a burst of applause.
三、语法填空1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Planting trees is a great way to reduce carbon emissions, but protecting our oceans and coastal ecosystems can
do the same?
“Blue carbon” refers to organic carbon which ____81____ (store) by the oceans and coastal ecosystems.
Mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrasses are the three main coastal ecosystems that can store large ____82____
(quantity) of blue carbon. They play a major role in reducing carbon dioxide in the air.
____83____ (compare) with ecosystems on the land, coastal ecosystems can store carbon ____84____
(constant) in the long term. When plants on the coast die, the organic deposits that they become will slowly
disappear thanks to the flowing seawater above, ____85____ means the carbon will not escape easily but remain
stored for hundreds and thousands of years.
China is one of the few blessed ____86____ all three coastal ecosystems. Tidal marshes are the largest coastal
ecosystem in China, ____87____ (occupy) an area of 5,448 square kilometers. In comparison, mangroves have a
____88____ (small) size. According to the latest data, the total area of China’s mangrove forests in 2020
____89____ (be) 289 square kilometers, and over 70 square kilometers of mangroves are newly planted and
restored now.
By protecting and restoring these coastal ecosystems, we can avoid enormous amounts of stored blue carbon
going back into _____90_____ atmosphere, and safeguard wildlife living in these ecosystems.
2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese culture is becoming more popular in young Namibians as they are pursuing the Chinese language.
Rena Stephanus, ____91____ communication graduate, enrolled in (参加) a Chinese language course at the
Confucius Institute at the University of Namibia this year.
“Chinese is one of the most widely ____92____ (speak) languages in the world. Wherever you are in the
world, you will be exposed to the language one way ____93____ another. My curiosity about China and
____94____ (it) people motivated me to enroll,” she ____95____ (say) last Wednesday. Stephanus believed that
the Chinese language is essential for her ____96____ (communicate). “The removing of communication barriers is
the primary reason ____97____ I enrolled for Chinese.”
Although a ____98____ (begin) in the course, Stephanus has seen her interest grow in China’s history and the
Chinese culture.According to Stephanus, Chinese art, music and literature have now become an ____99____ (importance)
part of her life. “The ____100____ (cultural) rich country has so much to be explored and the exposure to the
language gradually improves my basic understanding of China and its people,” Stephanus said.
3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Table manners are ____101____ important component of Chinese culture, which are usually expressed
through inviting guests, seating, eating and using chopsticks. When guests enter the room, the host stands until the
guests sit down. In China, a round table is commonly used ____102____ eating. On this occasion, the seat facing
the entrance is the seat of honor, ____103____ should be reserved for the people with the highest status. The seats
on the left-hand-side of the seat-of-honor ____104____(be) in descending (递降的) order of importance.
Dishes ____105____(prepare) by the host are usually served in order while guests are expected to keep silent.
Before dining, a toast initiated (发起) by the host is usually made when guests express their thanks for the
____106____(invite). When dishes arrive, the host will invite the guests of honor to taste first. Food is mostly
served by chopsticks and the hand is seldom used with some exceptions. And chopsticks should be placed
____107____(neat) to the side after being used. Besides, it is ____108____(polite) to point at someone with
chopsticks and never dig for food in the common dishes with your chopsticks. While eating and drinking soup, no
noise should ____109____(make). During the dinner, the host is responsible ____110____(take) care of all his
guests to enjoy the dishes.
4
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first living robots, ___111___ (term) as Xenobots, can reproduce on their own in a dish in a way not seen
in plants and animals. This is not ___112___ science-fiction movie, but the result of a new study. They
___113___ (create) in 2020 after experiments showed that under the right lab conditions, the cells formed small
structures that could gather, move and work together in groups and self-heal.
Are they living organisms ___114___ robots? Undeniably, they are organisms because they are made of stem
cells from an African frog species and can reproduce. They are also robots because they can move on their own and
perform physical labor. Breakthrough ___115___ Xenobots are, concerns have been raised. Some people think the
self - reproducing biotechnology is a potential threat, ___116___ (say) more advanced future Xenobots could out-
compete ___117___ ( human). In response to the worries, the researchers claim that the living machines are
entirely contained in a lab, which ___118___ ( mean) that the risks are manageable and stoppable.To be sure, the Xenobot technology is very new, but with its popularity, it may be used to address the diverse
___119___ (trick) issues in the body and the environment. Hopefully, in a world full of self - reproducing problems
like Covid-19,studying Xenobots may lead scientists much _____120_____ (close) to solutions.
5
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Served in various ways, including steamed and fried, the dessert—dim sims (点心) first won ____121____
(popular) in the 1940s in Melbourne and beyond.
The dessert ____122____ (develop) by businessman William Chen Wing Young. “During the gold rush, many
Chinese people ____123____ came to Australia had no job. They were like the leftovers,” said Chen’s daughter
Chen Yueyi. Then Chen noticed that siu mai (烧麦), a kind of ____124____ (tradition) Chinese food, was very
popular in Australia. He decided to turn it into production to help Chinese people earn a living.
But siu mai was too difficult for Australians ____125____ (pronounce), so Chen called it “dim sim” instead.
Harrington, an Australian recalled, “____126____ (load) with soy sauce, dim sims have a special flavor and I fell in
love with them ____127____ (immediate).”
Chen Yueyi started cooking schools to promote Chinese food culture. In ____128____ (she) 80s, she won the
“Member of the Order of Australia” for her important contributions to the service industry and the development of
Chinese food.
“Although Chinese food is always loved, it is not always understood. I try to show people Chinese food is
much more ____129____ just something to fill the stomach,” says Chen Yueyi, “I’m proud of the fact that my
father and I have been ____130____ bridge between the two cultures.”
6
Marty used to dream about playing professional football and possibly ___131___ (represent) his country in
the World Cup. ___132___ (fortune), a muscle disease makes Marty disabled. Even when running a short way, he
would get out of breath.
But he never feels sorry ___133___ himself and has learned to adapt to his disability. He is happy to have
found many things he can do, like writing ___134___ computer programming. ___135___ (he) ambition is to
work for a firm ___136___ develops computer software. As well as going to the movies and football matches with
his friends, he spends a lot of time with his pets. His disability has helped him become more ___137___ (depend).
He works hard to live ___138___ normal life. He thinks the disabled shouldn’t ___139___ (make) fun of or be
ignored. Instead, by giving them encouragement, they can live as rich and full a life ____140____ everyone elsedoes.
参考答案
一、
1. B
【解析】考查if省略结构辨析。句意：我想和你谈谈这个问题。如果可能的话，你能抽出几分钟时间吗?A.
if necessary“如果必要的话”；B. if possible“如果可能的话”；C. If so“如果是这样的话”；D. if any“若有的
话”。分析句子且根据句意可知，空处是指是否有可能腾出一些时间，B选项符合句意。故选B项。
2. D
【解析】考查倒装及形容词/副词。句意：他们伤势如此严重，所有的伤员都应该毫不犹豫地送往医院。A.
serious injured they are 他们受了重伤；B. seriously injured they are 他们受了重伤； C. serious injured are
they 他们受了重伤；D. seriously injured are they他们受了重伤。该句中形容词injured作表语，应使用用程
度副词seriously修饰，故排除A项和C项；句型so +形容词/副词 that 结果状语从句，表示“如此……以
至于……”；如果so+形容词/副词置于句首，主句部分要使用部分倒装语序。该句陈述语序应是 They are
so seriously injured that all the wounded ought to be sent to hospital without any hesitation. 故选D项。
3. C
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：直到我离开父母出国留学，我才意识到我多么想念他们。根据Not until放句
首，句子用部分倒装，句子结构应是：Not until+从句+助动词+主语+谓语+其他成分。根据谓语动词left及
missed可知，时态用一般过去时，助动词用did。故选C项。
4. A
【解析】考查固定短语及主谓一致，时态和主谓一致。句意：我坚信是他的父亲而不是他的祖父母应该为
这个被宠坏的孩子负责。sb. be to blame for sth.是固定短语，意为“某人因某事而受责备”，由is可知，句
子时态是一般现在时，“it is his father rather than his grandparents who ______ for the spoiled child”是强调句，
可去掉“it is和who”，rather than连接并列主语时，谓语动词根据前面的主语确定，因此根据his father来
确定，是单数，因此空格处是is to blame。故选A。
5. D
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：在1920至1930年期间，电视在美国被发明。强调句的基本句型是：It
is/was +被强调部分+that+句子其他成分，此处对时间状语“ between 1920 and 1930”进行强调，空处需填
that。故选D。
6. D【解析】考查强调句型。句意：直到教授来了，他们才开始考试。分析句子可知，此处是强调句型“It
was+被强调部分+that/who”，被强调部分是 until 引导的时间状语从句，结构为“It was not until+从句
+that”，故选D项。
7. A
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：树丛后面有一座古庙，它已有500年的历史了。分析句子可知，介词词组
Beyond the bushes 表示地点，置于句首时句子应用完全倒装，句子是一般现在时，主语是名词单数
temple，谓语动词lie应用第三人称单数形式lies。故选A项。
8. D
【解析】考查强调句型和定语从句。句意：就是在二楼的会议室里，他丢了他上星期买的字典。第一空，
强调句型的基本句型是：It is/was +被强调部分+that +句子其他成分，此处对地点状语进行强调，空处需填
that；第二空，空处引导定语从句，先行词dictionary，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that,
which 引导或不填。故选D。
9. A
【解析】考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：她是一个非常好的女孩，当她遇到困难时，她班上的每个女孩和
男孩都愿意帮助她。第一空，So/Such ... that ...句型中，so 或 such 置于句首，其后的句子需要部分倒装；
第二空，every...and every ...连接主语时，谓语动词需使用单数。所以正确答案是 A。
10. B
【解析】考查时态和倒装。句意：铃一响，男孩子们就冲了出来，兴高采烈地朝操场跑去。rang表明用一
般过去时，表示地点或方位的副词位于句首表示强调，需要用完全倒装语序，故选B。
11. A
【解析】考查强调句型和主谓一致。句意：这个被宠坏的孩子不仅要怪你，也要怪你的妻子。分析句子结
构可知，这是强调句型。在“A+ as well as+ B”做主语的时候，谓语动词和A保持一致；固定词组be to
blame for对……应负责任；用主动语态表示被动的含义。故选A。
12. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果我的脚没有受伤，我就会参加运动会了。结合语境和下文
would have taken part in可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，与过去的事实相反，从句应用过去完成
时had done；可省略if，将助动词had置于主语之前。故选A。
13. A
【解析】考查强调句。句意：——你昨天到底在什么地方捡到这支钢笔的？——在操场上。分析可知，此
处为强调句的特殊疑问句型：特殊疑问词+ is/was it that+其他；根据答语可知对地点提问应用 where，yesterday表明动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。综上，故选A。
14. B
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管我尽了最大的努力，我还是举不起这个箱子。根据句型分析可知，
这里考查as 引导的让步状语从句,意思是“虽然,尽管”.用法：把表语或者动词提前放句首，构成Try as I
might。故选B项。
15. B
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：只有当他做了这件事，他才意识到他犯了一个错误。分析句子可知，句中
only和时间状语从句“when he had done it”置于句首，会引起主句的部分倒装，把主句中的助动词的相应
形式放到主语前，根据从句中时态可知，主句是一般过去时，所以应把体现一般过去的助动词 did置于主
语he前。故选B项。
16. A
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：那是在5岁的时候他离开了家乡去上海。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里
考查强调句型 It was...that...的结构，被强调的部分 at the age of 5 是介词短语做时间状语，he left his
hometown for Shanghai是主谓宾基本成分完整的句子，所以只能用that。故选A。
17. A
【解析】考查there be句型和非谓语动词。句意：我原以为书展上会有很多人等着买新书，但只有少数人
对今天的书表现出兴趣，这些书通常都是空洞的。分析句子可知，空格一处涉及there be句型，“expect”
后接不定式作宾语，故应用“there be”的不定式形式，即“there to be”，故空格一填“there to be”；句中有
谓语动词“had expected”，故空格二应用非谓语动词，“people”和“wait”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用
“wait”的现在分词“waiting”作后置定语，故空格二填“waiting”。故选A项。
18. B
【解析】考查动名词。句意：我真没想到那天南京大街上会有那么多人。imagine后跟动名词作宾语，因此
空格处是there being，故选B。
19. C
【解析】考查强调句型和主谓一致。句意：我们都觉得是杰克和他的妻子对他们儿子在学校的糟糕表现负
责。A. should blame 应该责备； B. is to be blamed 应该被责备（形式错误）；C. is to blame 对某事应负责
任； D. are to be blamed 对某事应负责任。分析句子结构可知，“ it is Jack as well as his wife that
________for their son’s bad performance at school”为强调句型，对句子的主语进行了强调，as well as连接两
个并列的主语，谓语动词的单复数和as well as 前面的名词保持一致。所以谓语动词用单数，而句子的时
态为一般现在时态，根据句意可知，杰克和他的妻子对他们儿子在学校的糟糕表现负责，be to blame “对某事应负责任”。故选C。
20. D
【解析】考查强调句。句意：新中国是在10月1日成立的。分析可知，去掉it was和设空处句子依然完整，
由此可知此处考查强调句型：it is/was+强调部分+ that（强调人可用who）+其他。句中强调时间状语on
October 1st 应用that。故选D。
21. A
【解析】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：我下班后经常锻炼的地方就是去年建的那家健身房。分析句子结
构可知，____ was built last year 为定语从句，先行词gym在宾语从句中作主语，且有the very修饰，只能
使用关系代词that引导；“it is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分”为强调句的基本句型，句首的 it is和
第二空构成强调句，第二空填that。故选A。
22. B
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：当我们进入办公室时，发现罗杰坐在一张桌子旁。分析句子和句意可知，
本句为状语从句的省略，主从句的主语都为 we，还原后为：When we were entering the office,we found
Roger seated at a desk。故选B项。
23. D
【解析】考查全部倒装和主谓一致。句意：看！山顶上耸立着两棵松树。本句为完全倒装句，本句在描述
事实，所以为一般现在时，主语为two pine trees，谓语为stand。故选D项。
24. A
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：在夏季奥运会上，有跑步比赛、游泳比赛和帆船比赛。分析句子可知，本
句使用了强调句型 “It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其它部分”，在强调句型中，当被强调部
分是人时，可以使用who代替that；分析句子可知，本句被强调部分的是作地点状语的介词短语“in the
Summer Olympics”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故填that。
25. C
【解析】考查强调句。句意：这位著名作家就是在这个小村庄出生的。A.where 哪里；B. which 哪个；C.
that 那个；D. in which 在哪里。分析句子结构可知，这是一个强调句，根据强调句的结构it is (was) +被强
调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分，此处强调“in the small village”，因此，强调句用that引导。故选C项。
26. C
【解析】考查倒装句、时态和主谓一致。句意：玛丽不仅学习成绩好，而且也擅长运动。根据is 可知，阐
述现在的事实，谓语动词用一般现在时形式；短语not only…but also 连接句子时，not only 可以置 于句
首表示强调，这时第一分句要采用倒装结构，助动词应该位于主语之前，主语Mary是第三人称单数，助动词是does。故选C项。
27. D
【解析】考查倒装句和时态。句意：两位游客不仅都来自欧洲，而且他们有很多共同的风俗习惯。Not
only...but (also)...，意为“不仅......而且......”，连接两个句子时，not only位于句首，该部分用部分倒装，即
将助动词提到主语的前面，根据句意可知，句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是 two
visitors(两个游客)是复数，所以助动词为do，将助动词do提到主语前面，变成not only do two visitors come
from，故选D。
28. C
【解析】考查倒装句和非谓语动词。句意：这个问题太难了，我们很难解决它。在“so... that…”结构中，
若将“so+adj. / adv. ”置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装，还原句子为：the problem was so difficult
that...，故排除B、D项；have great trouble(in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”是固定短语，用动名词作宾语，综
上，故选C。
29. C
【解析】考查定语从句和强调句型。句意： 是在她昨天购物的超市她偶遇了她的偶像。 分析句子可知，
空一引导定语从句，修饰the supermarket，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where；空二引导强调
句型，强调地点状语in the supermarket ,强调句的基本结构是：it is/was + 被强调部分+that +句子的其他成
分，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that， 空二填that，故选 C。
30. B
【解析】考查定语从句和状语从句的省略。句意：正如上面所提到的，那些缺乏工作经验的人在申请职位
时很可能会被拒绝。分析句子可知，第一空处“____ is mentioned above”是定语从句，修饰后面整个句子，
句子所述内容在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词as引导该定语从句，且as is mentioned above为固定结
构，意为“如上面所述”；在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where
等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略从句中跟主句一致的主语和be动词，第二空处“when ______ for a post”
是省略后的时间状语从句，原句为“when they are applying for a post”，该句主语they与主句主语those一
致，且含有be动词are，符合省略条件，省略they are后保留现在分词applying。故选B项。
31. A
【解析】考查倒装句和短语。句意：直到那天晚上很晚她才意识到她的房子正受到可怕洪水的威胁。not
until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装 ，故排除 B，C项，由时间状语until very late
that night和下文的was可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般现在时，助动词用did，under threat“受到威
胁”，in decline“在衰退中，在减少”，根据句意，用under threat，故选A。32. B
【解析】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：——看，他拉长着脸。——也许是我们惹恼了他。A. straight face
绷着脸；B. long face拉长脸，不高兴；C. poker face毫无表情的脸；D. blank face没表情的脸。根据句意可
知，也许是我们惹恼了他，由此可知，他是拉长着脸，不高兴了，“long face”意为“拉长脸，不高兴”，
符合语境。故选B项。
33. B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：达尔文在加拉帕戈斯群岛看到了各种各样的新物种，但他最感兴趣的是鸟类。
去掉it was和空处，剩下的部分可以构成完整的句子，可知为强调句“It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that + 其它
部分”，被强调部分为the birds，应用that。故选B。
34. A
【解析】考查强调句句型。句意：他在德国接受了他的第一次教育。强调句句型是：it be+被强调部分
+that/who+其他部分，此句是强调句，in Germany是被强调部分，应用that，故选A。
35. A
【解析】考查倒装。句意：狗一听到主人的声音就冲了出去。out在此处是方位副词，方位副词放句首要
用完全倒装，把谓语动词rushed提到主语the dog前面。故选A。
36. D
【解析】考查状语从句连词辨析。句意：我希望所有空气污染预防措施，正如当地政府建议的那样，都能
在这里得到认真考虑。根据句意，此句考查as引导的方式状语从句的省略，完整从句结构应为“as the
precautions are suggested by local government”。此处as翻译为“正如...那样”。故选D项。
37. A
【解析】考查时态，主谓一致和全部倒装。句意：——每个人都在这儿吗？——还没有。看，剩下的客人
来了。根据方位副词there在句首，主语是名词，故需用完全倒装句，谓语提到主语前面，再根据句意可知，
设空处需用现在时，该种完全倒装句不能用进行时，故用一般现在时，主语是 the rest（of our guests）表示
的是剩下的人，剩下的人不止一个人，故用come不是comes，故设空处需用come。故选A。
38. D
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：只有你吃正确的食物，你才能保持健康。A.even though即使，纵然；
B.if only只要；要是……就好了；C.only when只有当，除非；D.only if只要……就，只有，只有当……。
当only if放在句首时，应该用倒装句型。句中使用了部分倒装“will you”。故选D项。
39. B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：1960年，中国人第一次在珠穆朗玛峰插上国旗。根据句型分析和句意可知，本句考查强调句it is/was+ 被强调的部分 ＋that/who。本句强调 in 1960，句子的状语成分。故选B项。
40. D
【解析】考查倒装句、时态和语态。句意：只有当你的身份被检查后，你才能被允许进入。分析句子可知，
“Only”放在句首，强调状语从句“when your identity has been checked”，此时句子应用部分倒装，主句陈
述的是将来的动作且“you”和“allow”之间为被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，正常形式为“you
will be allowed in”，部分倒装将“will”提前，故空格处应填“will you be allowed in”。故选D项。
二、
41. Not only had the countries found to build a better tomorrow
【解析】考查倒装句、时态和非谓语动词。根据中文提示可知，第一空用Not only构成部分倒装句式，结
合but后they had also learnt可知，倒装部分用过去完成时（had done），had提到Not only后，主语“国
家”the countries前，“找到”find的过去分词为found；第二空表示目的，用不定式作状语，“创造一个
更加美好的明天”译为：build a better tomorrow。故填：①Not only had the countries found；②to build a
better tomorrow。
42. it is become crazy about
【解析】考查动词时态。解题要点：根据所给出的句子，结合句意，可推出是强调句型 it is +强调部分
+that…，“变得”become，“对……狂热”be crazy about，句子描述的是目前的状况，应使用一般现在时，
故答案为it is；become crazy about。
43. did they encourage
【解析】考查时态和倒装。Not until位于句首时要采用部分倒装，结构为“助动词+主语+动词原形”；时
间状语表明事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时。故填did they encourage。
44. did make sense
【解析】考查倒装和短语。本句中only位于从句句首，因而从句需用部分倒装，主句为一般现在时，因此
用助动词did；对照汉语句意可知，英文句子中缺少表示“说得清楚”的短语，make sense表示“可以理解；
讲得通”，符合句意，时态已转移到助动词did上，因而填原形。故填①did②make③sense。
45. Not until all the fish died did they realize
【解析】考查倒装句。根据汉语意思表示“直到……才……”应用not until，且not放在句首时要部分倒装
即将谓语的一部分（多为助动词或情态动词）置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则
需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。根据后文was可知，此处应添加助动词did。故填Not
until all the fish died did they realize。
46. working in the factory【解析】考查状语从句的省略。根据中英文提示可知，此处考查状语从句 while he was working in the
factory的省略结构while working in the factory，在状语从句中当主从句就主语一致，且从句有 be动词时，
可以省略从句的主语和be，故填working in the factory。
47. There is no doubt that
【解析】考查固定句型。结合句意表示“毫无疑问”可知固定句型there is no doubt that…，句首字母要大
写。故填There is no doubt that。
48. will I speak to him
【解析】考查部分倒装。当“only＋状语”位于句首时，其后习惯上要用部分倒装。短语speak to sb.“和某
人说话”，故译为will I speak to him。
49. Once published
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。根据句子意思可知，可用连接词once表示“一旦”，同时，当状语从句的
主语与主句中的主语一致，且有be动词时，可省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，题中句子的完整写法为
Once this dictionary is published.故填Once published。
50. If necessary on behalf
【解析】考查省略、短语。对照汉语句意可知，英语句子中缺少“如果有必要的话”和“代表”，表示
“如果有必要的话”可以用固定的省略结构“if necessary”，位于句首，注意首字母大写；“代表”可以用
短语“on behalf of”，句中已有of。故填①If ②necessary ③on ④behalf。
51. turned did injured/wounded/hurt
【解析】考查倒装句和固定短语。此句是not until的倒装句式，until后的从句不倒装，主句用部分倒装形
式；第一空：短语turn one’s back to sb. “转身背对某人”；根据句意，句子是一般过去时，因此为turned；
第二空：将助动词did提前，构成部分倒装；第三空：短语“受伤”be wounded/ be injured / be hurt；前面
有had been，因此用过去分词injured/wounded/hurt。故填①turned②did③njured/wounded/hurt。
52. Was it mountainous suspect
【解析】考查强调句型。此句是强调句型的一般疑问句形式Is it+被强调部分+who/that…？；根据句意，句
子是叙述已经发生的事情，应用一般过去时，因此第一、二空为Was it；第三空：修饰名词area，用形容
词；“山区的，多山的”是 mountainous；第四空：是名词“嫌疑犯”suspect。故填① Was；② it；
③mountainous；④suspect。
53. did he realize/se
【解析】考查倒装句。only置于句首修饰when引导的时间状语从句时，主句应部分倒装，且此处使用一
般过去时，结合汉语句子，故填did he realize/se。54. It was who/that taught
【解析】考查强调句。过去发生的事情要用一般过去时，It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分是强调
句的基本组成。时态是一般过去时，所以用was和taught，故应填 (1). It (2). was(3). who/that(4). taught
55. should we lose heart
【解析】should we lose heart考查短语。In no case在句首，是倒装句，lose heart灰心丧气，故填should we
lose heart。
56. is not only good to your health is doing morning exercise good to your health
【解析】考查固定短语和部分倒装。表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only...but also，且位于句首时，
not only部分需要部分倒装；表示“对你的健康有好处”翻译为be good to your health；表示“做早操”短
语为do morning exercises，此处应用动名词形式作主语。句子为一般现在时。故填① is not only good to
your health；②is doing morning exercises good to your health。
57. what is called
【解析】考查插入语。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填“叫作……的；所谓的”。根据句子结构可知，
此处不缺任何成分，故填插入语what is called。
58. devote yourself to it
【解析】考查强调句和固定搭配。固定搭配“全身心投入”可用devote oneself to，空前do用于强调谓语动
词，根据句意人称指“你”，所以用 devote yourself to，to 的宾语用 it 指代 job。故填① devote；
②yourself；③to；④it。
59. not until that
【解析】考查强调句。根据句意，句子应用短语not...until...，表示“直到......才......”，且题干要求使用强调
句，not ...until...用于强调句时，结构为“It is/was not until ...that...”。故填not，until，that。
60. It was not until 1980
【解析】考查强调句型。根据汉语提示可知，本句话要用句型It was/is not...until... “直到......才......”,根据句
意可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“直到1980年”翻译为“It was not until 1980”。故填It was not until
1980
61. Such is its worth
【解析】考查such特殊用法的倒装结构。such作代词（如此、这样的人/物）、用作表语时可放在句首构
成倒装结构。“价值”可译为“worth”，是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。题中空格处“它的价
值如此之大”可译为“its worth is such”，故填Such is its worth。
62. It was that/who【解析】考查强调句和时态。分析句子可知，句子为强调句，句式为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句
子其他部分”，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去式，故应用“was”，被强调部分为句子的主语
“my friend Tom”，指人，故可用“that”或“who”。故填It was; that/who。
63. Where was it
【解析】考查强调句。表示“在哪里”应用where，强调句的基本句型是：it is/was+被强调部分+that+句子
其他成分，此处对疑问副词where进行强调，结合时间状语this morning可知，be动词用was，此处为特殊
疑问句，was位于it之前。故填①Where；②was；③it。
64. that contributed to
【解析】考查强调句和时态。分析句子可知，所给句子是一个强调句，句式为“It is/was+被强调部分
+that/who+句子其他部分”，被强调部分为句子主语“your diligence and efforts”，指物，故空格一应填
“that”，根据句意和句中“was”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，
“contribute to”意为“有助于，促成”，“contribute”的过去式为“contributed”，故空格处应填“that
contributed to”。故填that contributed to。
65. if necessary sticking
【解析】考查固定表达和非谓语动词。对比中英文句子，前两空涉及常用表达if necessary“如果有必要”，
此用法为if it is necessary省略了it is；第二空表达“粘”用stick，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，stick和the
fabric之间为逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词。故填if；necessary；sticking。
66. not until reached
【解析】考查强调句、动词和时态。对比中英文句子可知，句中对时间状语进行强调，用固定句型：it
be+强调部分+ that，“直到上午9点半才……”表达为not until 9:30 a.m.，故前两空填not until；第三空为
句子谓语动词，“到达”表达为reach，结合语境和上文was判断为一般过去时，应用reached。故填not；
until；reached。
67. did fund the poor child
【解析】考查时态及谓语强调。fund及物动词表示资助，宾语是那个贫穷的孩子，翻译为the poor child。
确实表达要强调谓语，因为表示过去资助过，对过去的强调用 did加动词原形，故填did fund the poor
child。
68. lies a clear river
【解析】考查完全倒装结构。地点状语置于句首，谓语动词是lie/remain/seem等表移动或存在的词时，且
主语为名词，常用完全倒装结构，即：将实义动词提至主语之前。故填lies a clear river。
69. While enjoying the meal【解析】考查时间状语从句的省略。结合句意可知需要使用时间状语从句的省略，“吃饭时”可以用while
they are enjoying the meal，从句主语和主句主语一致，且含有系动词be，可以省略从句的“主语+系动词
be”，即while enjoying the meal。故填while enjoying the meal。
70. Never did he expect
【解析】考查时态和部分倒装。结合句意和从句谓语would be carried out可知，事情已发生，时态用一般
过去时，“他从未想到”he did never expect，否定副词never放句首，主谓部分倒装，把助动词did提到主
语he前，首字母大写，故填Never did he expect。
71. when speaking English
【解析】考查状语从句省略句。“当某人做某事时”用when引导时间状语从句，结合主句时态用一般现
在时可知，从句中用现在进行时表正在进行的动作，又因时间状语从句的主语 he和主句主语He一致，且
从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语he和be动词，因此空格处是when speaking English，故填when
speaking English。
72. It was here that Xuan Zang set out on his travel to the west.
【解析】考查强调句型、短语和时态。分析句子结构可知，逗号前是一个强调句，根据强调句的结构It is
(was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分，此处强调“这里”，因此，用 that引导这个强调句，短语
set out意为“出发”，结合句意是描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填 It was here that Xuan Zang set out
on his travel to the west。
73. she won the championship did she sigh with a relief.
【解析】考查时态和部分倒装。分析句子可知，本句为发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。表示“赢得
冠军”应用won the championship；表示“松了口气”应用sighed with a relief。另外，否定词Not置于句首，
句子要发生部分倒装，即将助动词did提前到主语she 前面，即did she sigh with a relief。故填she won the
championship did she sigh with a relief。
74. not highly thought of
【解析】考查省略句和固定搭配。根据汉语提示，“没受到高度评价”翻译为be not highly thought of，此
处是although 引导的让步主语从句，逻辑主语是 Da Vinci，故从句省略了主语和 be，故翻译为：(1).
not (2). highly (3). thought (4). of
75. Only if (when) will suffering
【解析】考查固定句式和固定搭配。根据汉语提示，句式“只有……才……”翻译为 only if…，此句式主
句要用部分倒装，所以把will提前主语you前，且短语escape sth. from sth.意为“从……中逃脱……”，
escape后接名词，名词suffering“苦难，痛苦”，故翻译为：(1). Only (2). if (when) (3). will (4).suffering
76. and so do
【解析】考查倒装句。根据句意，空格处缺少“……也一样”，so＋系动词（助动词或情态动词）＋另一
主语是固定句型，此句型是主谓倒装结构，表示前句所述肯定情况也适用于另一主语，so后的系动词、助
动词或情态动词须同前一句的谓语动词保持一致。其中so作“也这样；也如此”解。前文使用了一般现在
时，替代谓语count用助动词do的形式，主语school sports是复数，故用主动词do，故填(1). and (2). so
(3). do。
77. while exploring the local markets
【解析】考查省略句。表示“探索”应用动词 explore，表示“当地市场”短语为local market；且此处为
while引导的时间状语从句，且当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主
语和 be，从句完整形式为“while I was exploring the local markets”，相当于省略了 I was。故填 while
exploring the local markets。
78. It was when she turned around that
【解析】考查时态和强调句型。结合原文，分析句子可知，“就在她转过身的时候”是句中时间状语从句，
根据句意和句子给出部分可知，讲述已经发生的事情，应用一般过去时态，其中“转过身”用动词短语
“turn around”表示，可译为：when she turned around；强调句型的基本结构为：It + is/was + 被强调部分 +
that/who + 句子其它部分，再根据已经给出部分可知，需要将上述时间状语从句作为被强调部分来构成强
调句式，因此可译为：It was when she turned around that...。故填It was when she turned around that。
79. Now comes your turn to speak
【解析】考查倒装。当here,there,now,then,away等表示地点、时间和方位的副词位于句首，谓语动词为
be,come,go等，且主语是名词时，需将谓语动词移至主语前，构成完全倒装。表示“轮到某人做某事”常
用 one's turn to do sth.结构，分析句子意思可知，应用一般现在时，所以应填 Now comes your turn to
speak。故填Now comes your turn to speak。
80. They were enjoying/watching/admiring/appreciating the moon, when there came/they heard
【解析】考查固定句式。固定句式sb. be doing sth. when…“某人正在做某事，正在那时……”；固定短语
enjoy/watch/admire/appreciate the moon“赏月”。结合句意可知本句应用过去进行时，时间状语从句用一般
过去时。故填They were enjoying/watching/admiring/appreciating the moon, when there came/they heard。
三、
1
81. is stored82. quantities
83. Compared
84. constantly
85. which
86. with
87. occupying
88. smaller
89. was
90. the
【解析】本文为说明文。主要介绍蓝碳项目旨在恢复沿海和海洋生态系统。
81. 考查动词被动语态。句意：蓝碳”是指海洋和沿海生态系统储存的有机碳。store为定语从句中的谓语
动词，which为主语指代organic carbon，与store为动宾关系。该句为陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。
故填is stored。
82. 考查名词。句意：红树林、潮汐沼泽和海草是可以储存大量蓝碳的三个主要沿海生态系统。quantities
of意思是“大量的”为固定短语，其中quantity为名词的复数形式。故填quantities。
83. 考查非谓语动词。句意：与陆地生态系统相比，沿海生态系统可以长期不断地储存碳。该句已有谓语
动词can store，故空处填非谓语动词，作状语，compare的逻辑主语是coastal ecosystems，它们之间为被动
关系，故用过去分词。故填Compared。
84. 考查副词。句意：与陆地生态系统相比，沿海生态系统可以长期不断地储存碳。由副词修饰动词可知，
修饰动词store应用constantly。故填constantly。
85. 考查连词。句意：当海岸上的植物死亡时，它们所形成的有机沉积物会慢慢消失，由于上方流动的海
水，这意味着碳不会轻易逸出，而是会保存数百年甚至数千年。分析句子可知，此处为 which引导的非限
制性定语从句，先行词为前面整件事，且在从句中作主语成分，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
86. 考查介词。句意：中国是少数几个拥有三种沿海生态系统的国家之一。be blessed with“有幸拥有”为固
定短语，满足句意。故填with。
87. 考查非谓语动词。句意：潮滩是中国最大的沿海生态系统，面积达5448平方公里。句子已有谓语动词
are，空处应填非谓语动词，occupy的逻辑主语是句子主语Tidal marshes，故用occupying作伴随状语。故
填occupying。
88. 考查形容词比较级。句意：相比之下，红树林的面积较小。根据 in comparison“相比较而言”可知，这
里用比较级smaller。故填smaller。89. 考查时态。句意：根据最新数据，2020年中国红树林总面积为289平方公里。根据in 2020可知用一般
过去时态，结合主语the total area“面积”，为不可数名词。故填was。
90. 考查冠词。句意：通过保护和恢复这些沿海生态系统，我们可以避免大量储存的蓝色碳回到大气中，
并保护生活在这些生态系统中的野生动物。由句意可知，此处特指地球的大气层，所以名词前加定冠词
the。故填the。
2
91. a
92. spoken
93. or
94. its
95. said
96. to communicate
97. why
98. beginner
99. important
100. culturally
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位大学生在纳米比亚孔子学院学习汉语的经历。
91. 考查冠词。句意：Rena Stephanus是一名通信研究生,今年在纳米比亚大学报考了孔子学院的汉语课程。
根据所给句子可知，communication graduate是可数名词，所以需要使用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。
92. 考查非谓语动词。句意：汉语是世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。根据所给句子可知，此处需要使用形
容词作定语修饰名词languae，因此需要speak的过去分词形式，故填spoken。
93. 考查并列连词。句意：无论你在世界上的哪个地方，你都会以这样或那样的方式接触到语言。根据所
给句子可知，one way与another表示“一种方式”“其他方式”，两者是并列，是选择关系，故填or。
94. 考查物主代词。句意：我对中国和中国人民的好奇心促使我报考。根据所给句子及句意可知，此处表
达中国人民，因此需要使用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
95. 考查一般过去时。句意：她上星期三说：我对中国和中国人民的好奇心促使我报考。根据时间状语 last
Wednesday可知，此句为一般过去时，故填said。
96. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Stephanus认为中文对她的交流是必不可少的。根据句子结构分析可知，此处
communicate 是非谓语动词，因与主语 her 是主动关系，因此需要使用不定式的主动形式。故填 to
communicate。
97. 考查定语从句。句意：消除沟通障碍是我选择中文的主要原因。根据句子结构分析可知，此处需要关系词引导定语从句，先行词为reason，先行词在从句中作原因状语，故填why。
98. 考查名词。句意：虽然是初学者，但Stephanus发现她对中国历史和中国文化越来越感兴趣。根据所给
句子可知，此处需要使用名词置于不定冠词a后，故填beginner。
99. 考查形容词。句意：据她说，中国的艺术、音乐和文学现在已经成为她生活的重要组成部分。根据所
给句子可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语修饰名词part，故填important。
100. 考查副词。句意：这个文化丰富的国家还有很多值得探索的地方。根据所给句子可知，此处需要使用
副词修饰形容词rich。故填culturally。
3
101. an
102. for
103. which
104. are
105. prepared
106. invitation
107. neatly
108. impolite
109. be made
110. to take
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的餐桌礼仪。
101. 考查冠词。句意：餐桌礼仪是中国文化的一个重要的组成部分，通常通过邀请客人、就座、吃饭和使
用筷子来表达。空后component是单数可数名词，前面应有冠词修饰。此处泛指“一个重要的组成部分”
且important是元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
102. 考查介词。句意：在中国，人们通常用圆桌吃饭。固定搭配be used for sth/doing sth意为“被用来做
某事”。故填for。
103. 考查定语从句。句意：在这个场合，面向入口的座位是荣誉座位，应该为地位最高的人保留。分析句
子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the seat of honor”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，
应用which引导。故填which。
104. 考查时态语态。句意：贵宾席左侧的座位按重要性降序排列。be在句中是谓语动词。此处陈述客观事
实，应用一般现在时；且主语“The seats”为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
105. 考查非谓语动词。句意：主人通常都是按顺序上菜，而客人则要保持沉默。分析句子结构可知，本句
谓语动词是are served，故空处是非谓语动词做定语；主语Dishes与动词prepare之间是被动关系，此处应用过去分词形式。故填prepared。
106. 考查名词。句意：用餐前，当主人发起祝酒时，客人会对邀请表示感谢。根据空格前的定冠词 the可
知，此处应用填名词作宾语；此处特指主人对客人的这次邀请，应用 invitation 的单数形式。故填
invitation。
107. 考查副词。句意：筷子使用后应整齐地放在一边。此处应用副词修饰动词be placed。故填neatly。
108. 考查形容词。句意：此外，用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的，也不要用筷子在盘子里翻来翻去。固定句型
It is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，此处应用形容词作表语；且根据常识可知，此处表示用筷子
指着别人是不礼貌的，应用形容词impolite，意为“无礼的”。故填impolite。
109. 考查时态语态。句意：在喝汤时，不应该发出噪音。分析句子结构可知，make是句子的谓语动词；
主语 noise 与谓语 make 之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；且空格前为情态动词 should，故应用 be
made。故填be made。
110. 考查非谓语动词。句意：晚餐期间，主人有责任照顾所有客人，让他们享用菜肴。固定搭配 be
responsible to do sth.意为“有责任做某事”。故填to take。
4
111. termed
112. a
113. were created
114. or
115. as/though
116. saying
117. humans
118. means
119. tricky
120. closer
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在2020年被创建被称为Xenobots第一批有生命的机器人 的情
况。
111. 考查非谓语动词。句意：第一批有生命的机器人，被称为 Xenobots ，可以在培养皿中自行繁殖，这
种繁殖方式在动植物中看不到。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为reproduce，所以空处应填非谓语动词
的形式，The first living robots和term 之间为动宾关系，需用过去分词作后置定语。故填termed。
112. 考查不定冠词。句意：这不是一部科幻电影，而是一项新研究的结果。分析句子结构可知，空后的movie为可数名词，此处表泛指，需用不定冠词，且movie的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
113. 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他们在2020年被创建，之前的实验表明，在合适的实验室
条件下，细胞形成了小结构，可以聚集，移动和工作在一起，并自我愈合。分析句子可知，空处需填句子
的谓语动词，in 2020为表示过去的时间状语，句子主语They为复数，和create之间为动宾关系，所以空
处需填一般过去时的被动语态的复数形式。故填were created。
114. 考查连词。句意：他们是活着的有机体而不是机器人吗？根据后文“Undeniably, they are organisms
because ... They are also robots because ...labor ”可知空前后的living organisms与空后robots之间为选择关系，
应用or连接。故填or。
115. 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管异种机器人是一个突破，但是人们已经提出了担忧。分析句子结构可
知，concerns have been raised是主句，空处所在的句子为倒装结构，其结构为“名词+as/though+主语+谓语
+其他”，所以空处需填让步状语从句的引导词as/though。故填as/though。
116. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人认为自我繁殖的生物技术是一个潜在的威胁，认为更先进的未来
Xenobots可以胜过人类。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语动词为think，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，句子主
语Some people与say之间是主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填saying。
117. 考查名词。句意：一些人认为自我繁殖的生物技术是一个潜在的威胁，他们说更先进的未来Xenobots
可以胜过人类。分析句子结构可知，空处需填名词形式作out-compete的宾语，human为可数名词，其复数
形式为humans。故填humans。
118. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：为了应对这些担忧，研究人员声称这些有生命的机器被完全控制在
实验室里，这意味着这些危险是可控的和可以阻止的。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非限制性定语从句的
谓语动词，which 指代空前整句话的内容，此处是客观陈述，所以谓语动词需用一般现在时的单数形式。
故填means。
119. 考查形容词。句意：可以肯定的是，Xenobots技术是非常新的，随着它的普及，它可能被用于解决身
体和环境中的各种各样的棘手的问题。分析句子结构可知，空处需填形容词作定语修饰名词issues，trick
的形容词形式为tricky，意为“棘手的”。故填tricky。
120. 考查副词。句意：希望，在一个充满了像Covid-19这样的自我复制问题的世界里，研究Xenobots可
能会让科学家们更接近解决方案。分析句子结构及空前的much可知，空处需填副词比较级形式，修饰动
词lead。故填closer。
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121. popularity
122. was developed123. who/that
124. traditional
125. to pronounce
126. Loaded
127. immediately
128. her
129. than
130. a
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中式点心dim sim，以及Chen Wing Young和其女儿在传播中
国文化方面所做出的贡献。
121. 考查名词。句意：点心dim sims以各种方式供应，包括蒸制和油炸，最早于20世纪40年代在墨尔本
及其他地方广受欢迎。句中空处在动词won后作宾语，应用名词形式popularity。因popularity是不可数名
词，故填popularity。
122. 考查时态语态。句意：这种甜点是由商人William Chen Wing Young开发的。分析句子及结合文章可
知，develop是本句谓语动词；开发甜点是发生在过去的事，因此应用一般过去时；主语The dessert与动词
develop之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语The dessert是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数
形式。故填was developed。
123. 考查定语从句。句意：淘金热期间，许多来到澳大利亚的中国人没有工作。分析句子结构可知，空处
引导定语从句，先行词是many Chinese people，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。
故填who或that。
124. 考查形容词。句意：然后，Chen注意到烧麦，一种传统的中国食物，在澳大利亚很受欢迎。空后
Chinese food是名词，因此此处应用形容词修饰Chinese food。故填traditional。
125. 考查非谓语动词。句意：但siu mai对澳大利亚人来说太难发音了，所以陈称之为“dim-sim”。分析句
子结构可知，此处符合“主语+be+adj. (+ for sb.) to do”的固定句式，意为“（对某人）来说做某事
是……”。故填to pronounce。
126. 考查非谓语动词。句意：涂满酱油的dim sims有一种特殊的味道，我很快就爱上了他们。分析句子结
构可知，本句谓语动词是have，load是非谓语动词做状语；逻辑主语dim sims与动词load 之间是被动关
系，此处应用过去分词作状语。故填Loaded。
127. 考查副词。句意：涂满酱油的dim sims有一种特殊的味道，我很快就爱上了他们。空处修饰动词短语
fell in love with，应用副词。故填immediately。128. 考查代词。句意：80多岁时，她因对服务业和中国食品的发展做出了重要贡献而获得“澳大利亚骑
士团成员”。in one’s 80s为固定搭配，意为“在某人80多岁的时候”。此处应用形容词性物主代词。故填
her。
129. 考查介词。句意：我试图向人们展示中国食物不仅仅是填饱肚子的东西。固定搭配 much more than意
为“不仅仅”。故填than。
130. 考查冠词。句意：我为我的父亲和我是这两种文化之间的桥梁而感到骄傲。bridge是单数可数名词，
前面应有冠词修饰。此处泛指“一座桥梁”，且bridge以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
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131. representing
132. Unfortunately
133. for
134. and
135. His
136. that/which
137. independent
138. a
139. be made
140. as
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了马蒂虽然身患残疾，仍然不放弃对生活的热情，努力生活的事
情。
131. 考查非谓语动词。句意：马蒂曾经梦想着踢职业足球，并可能代表他的国家参加世界杯。分析句子可
知，句中涉及固定短语“dream about doing sth.”，意为“梦想做某事”，“about”为介词，后接动名词作宾
语，“represent”意为“代表”，动词词性，动名词形式为“representing”。故填representing。
132. 考查副词。句意：不幸地，肌肉疾病使马蒂残疾。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，
结合句意可知，“残疾”应该是一件不幸的事，“fortune”意为“运气”，名词词性，“unfortunately”意为
“不幸地”，副词词性，符合句意，句首单词首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。
133. 考查固定短语。句意：但他从不为自己感到难过，并学会了适应自己的残疾。分析句子可知，句中涉
及固定短语“feel sorry for oneself”，意为“自怨自艾，为自己感到难过”，故空格处应用介词“for”。故填
for。
134. 考查连词。句意：他很高兴发现自己可以做很多事情，比如写作和计算机编程。分析句子可知，句中“writing”和“computer programming”之间为并列关系，都是他可以做的事，故应用连词“and”连接，表并
列。故填and。
135. 考查代词。句意：他的志向是为一家开发计算机软件的公司工作。分析句子可知，句中“ambition”为
名词，前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰，“he”对应的形容词性物主代词为“his”，意为“他的”，句首单
词首字母大写。故填His。
136. 考查定语从句。句意：他的志向是为一家开发计算机软件的公司工作。分析句子可知，句子为限制性
定语从句，先行词为“firm”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“that”或“which”引导从句。故填
that/which。
137. 考查形容词。句意：他的残疾帮助他变得更加独立。分析句子可知，句中“become”为系动词，后接
形容词作表语，“depend”意为“依赖”，动词词性，结合句意可知，他的残疾帮助他变得更加独立了，空
格处应用“independent”，意为“独立的”，形容词词性。故填independent。
138. 考查冠词。句意：他努力工作为了过一个正常的生活。根据句意可知，句中泛指一个正常的生活，故
空格处应用不定冠词修饰，“normal”音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
139. 考查被动语态。句意：他认为残疾人不应该被嘲笑或忽视。分析句子可知，“make fun of…”意为
“嘲笑……”，句子主语“the disabled”和“make”之间为被动关系，故应用情态动词的被动语态，形式为
“情态动词+be done”，“make”的过去分词为“made”。故填be made。
140. 考查固定短语。句意：相反，通过给他们鼓励，他们可以和其他人一样过上丰富而充实的生活。分析
句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“as…as…”，意为“和……一样”，故空格处应用“as”。故填as。
