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【一轮复习讲义】2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用）
第 11 讲 特殊句式（精讲）
题型目录一览
倒装句
强调句
省略句
感叹句
祈使句
一、知识点梳理
倒装、强调、省略、感叹及祈使句
重点考察知识点一倒装句
1. 完全倒装
(1) There be＋主语＋...，此结构中的be有时用stand/exist/lie/live/flow/seem等不及物动词代
替。
There seems to be something wrong with the machine.
(2) Here/There/Now/Then/Thus＋不及物动词＋名词
There goes the bell.Let's go into the lecture hall.
Be quick！Here comes the bus.
(3) Out/In/Up/Down/Away/Off/Back/Over＋不及物动词＋名词
Out rushed the children. Away flew the birds.
比较： Away they hurried.
(4) 介词短语(表地点)＋不及物动词＋主语
On the wall hang two large portraits.
At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful village.
(5) 表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)
Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.
Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.
Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.
(6) Such＋be＋主语
Such are the facts；no one can deny them.
Such is Yiyangqianxi, a young handsome singer popular with Chinese teenagers.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】2.部分倒装
(1) 用于以so，nor，neither开头的句子，表示重复前句的部分内容，须部分倒装，且此句
的谓语应与前句的谓语在时态/形式上一致，但“so＋主语＋do”结构则表示对别人所说的
情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so相当于indeed，certainly。
Mary has learned by heart 200 words，and so have I.
－The girls study hard. 这些女孩学习刻苦。
－So they do. 她们的确如此。
I don’t know it, nor do I care about it.
Tom doesn’t like bananas, neither/nor do I.
注意：当前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时, 通常用“so it is with. . . ”或“it
is the same with. . . ”
Tom likes singing, but he doesn’t like dancing. So it is with Mary.
(2) 表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时要部分倒装。这些词有 not，never，
hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，little，no，nowhere，not only，not until，at no time，by
no means，in no way，on no condition, no sooner...than，hardly...when等。
By no means shall we give up.
At no time will China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.
Not a single mistake did he make.
Never before _________ I seen such a moving film.
Not only _________ he forced to stay home, but also he had to do his homework.
答案 have did
(3) only置于句首修饰状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句等时要用部分倒装。
Only after my friend came _______ the computer repaired.
was
Only then did I realize the importance of mathematics.
比较：Only he knows the secret.
(4) as引导的让步状语从句中(表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语)要用部分倒装。
Tired as he was，he stayed up late.
Explain as I might，I could not make myself understood.
Child as he is，he knows a lot.
(5) 在so...that，such...that句型中，当so，such引导的结构置于句首时要用部分倒装。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
(6) 在hardly...when，no sooner...than，not until句型中，主句要部分倒装。
Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow.= No sooner had he arrived than it began to
snow.
(7) 在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should置于句首。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Were I in your position, I would not go.
Had I attended the meeting, I would have met Jim.
(8) however，no matter how引导的让步状语从句。
However hard he worked，he couldn't solve the problem.= No matter how hard he
worked,......
重点考察知识点二 强调
1. 强调句的基本句型
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子剩余成分
(1) 强调人时可用who/that来连接，强调事物时用that。
所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主
语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。
It is I who/that am right.(强调主语)
It was him that/who/whom we met at the school gate.(强调宾语)
It was because her mother was ill that she didn't go to work.(强调状语)
(2) 这种强调句的一般疑问句只需把is(was)提前。
Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?
Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English?
(3) 它的特殊疑问句只需在一般疑问句前加上特殊疑问词。
Who was it that broke the window?
When was it that you called me yesterday?
What is it that you want me to do?
(4) not...until...的强调句形式：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。
He didn't go to bed until 11 o'clock last night.
→ It was not until 11 o'clock last night that he went to bed.
It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I realized he was a famous film star.
判断一个句子是强调句型还是其他句型，最简单的方法就是“还原法”，即去掉强调句
型的特有结构It is/was...that/who...，若去掉这个结构后句子仍然成立，那该句型便是强调
句型，否则，就可能是其他句型。
比较： (1) It was he who did all the cleaning.可以看出，去掉画线部分，句子仍然成立，
故该句为强调句型。
（2）It is a pity that he has failed again. （ 主语从句 ）
（3）It is a question that needs careful consideration. ( 定语从句 )
（4）It was at six o’clock that I got up today. ( 强调句型 )
（5）It was six o’clock when I got up today. ( 状语从句 )
2. 用助动词强调谓语。
如果要强调时态为一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中的谓语动词，我们在该动词前加
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】助动词do，does或did。
Many of the films are from the USA，but we do give awards to films from other countries.
He did come to see you last Sunday，but you were out.
重点考察知识点三 省略句
1. 状语从句的省略:
(1) 在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果谓语含有动词be，主语又与主句
的主语一致或主语是it时，主谓均可以省略。
① 时间状语从句：Please come here as soon as(it is)possible.
② 地点状语从句：Fill in the blanks with articles where(it is)necessary.
③ 条件状语从句：She won't come to the party unless(she is)invited.
④ 方式状语从句：I wonder why he didn't do as(he was)told to.
⑤ 比较状语从句：It is much colder today than(it was)yesterday.
⑥ 让步状语从句：Though(they were)tired，they went on walking.
(2) 状语从句省略主语时，其后用现在分词表示该动词与省略的主语是主谓关系，用过去
分词则表示为动宾关系。
Be careful when (you are)crossing the street.
Once (he/she is)burnt，a child dare not touch the fire again.
2. 答语中的省略:
I'm afraid，I think，I believe，I hope，I guess等作答句，后面跟so或not分别等于肯定或
否定，宾语从句可省去。
－Do you think it will rain?
－I hope not (that it will not rain)．
－Do you believe our team will win?
－I guess so.
3. 不定式中“to”的省略:
(1) 感官动词(see，feel，hear，notice，watch，observe，listen to 等)和使役动词(let，
make，have)后接不定式作宾语补足语时，省略to，但在被动式中不能省略(let除外)。
I heard someone sing in the next room.
The thief was noticed ____to slip_______( slip) into the room.
(2) 动词help和介词but，except后的不定式作宾语时，有时必须省略to。
He will help me (to) work out the problem.
He did nothing but wait all the time.
若句中but/except前无do/does/did，则to不能省略。
He has no choice but _____to wait_________( wait).
(3) 不定式作表语时，若主语为what引导的主语从句，不定代词all作主语被定语从句修饰
或后有定语从句修饰的“the...thing”作主语时，如果其前出现过do的各种形式，不定式中
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】“to”可以省去。
What he can do is (to) wait.
The only thing he could do was (to) wait.
All that he can do is (to) wait.
(4) 固定结构或句型中常省去“to”。
can't(help)but do...；why not do...；prefer to do...rather than do...；
I would prefer to swim rather than play football.
4. 虚拟语气中if和should的省略
(1) 在条件从句中，将助动词提到句首，省去if。
If we had known about the plans for the factory，we would never have bought the house.
→Had we known about the plans for the factory，we would never have bought the house.
If I were you，I would not do it like that.
→Were I you，I would not do it like that.
(2) 主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句中可省略should。
The workers demanded that their wages(should)be increased.
类似的动词还有：suggest，advise，insist，order，prefer，propose，request，require，
command，recommend, urge...
It is desired that we (should)arrive there before dark.
It is necessary that he (should)know it.
My suggestion is that we (should)visit the exhibition at once.
5. 英语中有一些固定的省略结构
(1) 在以if，when，though，as if(好像)等连词引导的状语从句中，如果主句主语和从句主
语一致，且从句谓语中含有动词be，或者从句为it is结构时，从句往往使用省略的形式。
If (it is) necessary，we shall send a telegram home.
Whenever (it is) possible，he will come to my help.
While (you are) cycling，don't forget the traffic lights.
He closed his eyes as if（he was）lost in thought.
(2) 由固定词组引导的疑问句。
What about having a game of chess?
How come they left you alone here?
What if it's raining?
Why not try again?
(3) 使用不定式符号to来代替整个不定式, 常在be afraid / glad, expect, forget, hope, intend,
like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。
He may leave if he wishes to.
Don't go till I tell you to.
I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】—Will you join in the game?
—I’d be glad to.
注意：如果不定式中含有be, have, have been, 通常保留be, have和have been。
—Are you a sailor?
—No, but I used to be.
6. 宾语从句中的省略
引导宾语从句的从属连词that可省略。但及物动词后跟两个或两个以上that引导的宾语
从句时, 只有第一个连词that可省略。
He told me (that) she was a beautiful girl and that she was clever.
7. 定语从句中的省略
He lost the watch (that/which) he bought yesterday.
I don’t like the way (that/in which) he speaks to others.
重点考察知识点四 感叹句
感叹句常用的七大句型：
(1) How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！
__How_____ high the mountain is! How fast he is running!
(2) How＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！
___How_______ difficult a problem it is!
(3) How＋主语＋谓语！
How time flies! ____How_____ I miss you!
(4) What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！
____What______ a clever boy he is! What a fine day it is!
(5) What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
__What_______ sweet water it is!
____What______ terrible weather it is!
(6) What＋形容词＋复数名词＋主语＋谓语！
_____What_____ beautiful flowers these are!
(7) What＋名词＋主语＋谓语！
What news it is!
重点考察知识点五 祈使句
1. 否定式 Don’t be so sure. Don’t get close to the tiger.
2. 强调式 Do come on time this evening. Never come late!
3. 带有主语的祈使句
Tom, you water the flowers! You, girls, clean the desks; you, boys, sweep the floor.
4. 祈使句+and/or+陈述句 Work hard and you will succeed.
Work hard or you will fail.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】5. 名词短语+and/or+陈述句 More time and I will do it better.
题型一倒装句
【典例1】
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)There ________ (be) three books I reread annually.
答案：are 这是一个完全倒装句，根据主语three books可知，谓语动词应用复数。
【典例2】
Hardly ________ he arrived home when the phone rang.
答案：had 句意：他刚到家，电话就响了。此处为句型 hardly ... when ...表示“一……
就……”，此句型中，前面部分用过去完成时，后面部分用一般过去时，且 hardly位于句
首时，要用部分倒装结构，即将助动词had提到主语he之前。
【题型训练】
1．（2023·天津·统考模拟预测）________ Tom finished his speech when the audience started
applauding.
A．No sooner had B．Had no sooner C．Hardly had D．Had scarcely
【答案】C
【详解】考查短语和倒装。句意：汤姆的演讲刚结束，观众就开始鼓掌。hardly…when…/
no sooner…than…/ scarcely…when…刚……就……。否定词位于句首，主句要主谓倒装。
故选C。
2．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to
Madagascar for further research.
A．So anxious were the couple B．So curious were the couple
C．Such eager the couple were D．The couple were such curious
【答案】B
【详解】考查倒装句及形容词词义辨析。句意：那对夫妇对野生植物那么好奇以致于他们
决定去Madagascar作进一步的研究。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用“so +形容词
（副词）”放在句首引导结果状语从句，此时句子要用倒装形式。anxious焦虑的；curious
好奇的。根据句意可知，curious符合题意。故选B项。
3．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）________ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A．If were I B．I were C．Were I D．Was I
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我要做这工作，我就改天再做。在虚拟条件句中如果
有were/should/had这三个词，可将从属连词if省略，将were/should/had置于主语前，改写
为“were/should/had +主语”形式。结合句意和主句可知，“___ to do the work”是虚拟条件
句，其完整句子为“If I were to to do the work”，可改写为“Were I to do the work”。故选C
项。
4．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）Breakthrough ________ Xenobots are, concerns have been
raised. （用适当的词填空）
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】as/though
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：Xenobots虽然是一项突破，但也引起了人们的担忧。设空处
所在句为倒装结构，考查“名词＋as/though＋主语＋系动词”，引导让步状语从句的倒装
句。故填as/though。
5．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）_____ no account should you tell him. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】On
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你无论如何也不能告诉他。分析句子可知，此处为固定短
语on no account“绝对不，决不” 放句首的时候，后面句子部分倒装。故填On。
6．（2023·上海·高三专题练习）Rarely ______ people hear of the concept of semi-retirement
in the past but now semi-retirement has become the routine among wealthier people in their 50s
and 60s. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】did
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：过去，人们很少听说过半退休的概念，但现在，在五
六十岁的富人中，半退休已成为一种惯例。rarely是否定副词，置句首主句用部分倒装句，
由时间状语in the past可知，用一般过去时，故助动词用did，故填did。
7．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）Fast ________ you read, you can’t finish the book in three
days. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】as/though
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管读得很快，你不可能在三天之内读完这本书。分
析句子结构可知，此处为as/though引导的让步状语从句引出的倒装句，意为“尽管”，
as/though前面常见的是形容词/副词/名词单数，此处fast为副词。故填as或though。
8．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）The minister stressed that under no circumstances ____ (be)
the disabled to be looked down upon. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：部长强调，在任何情况下不要轻视残疾人。分析句
子可知，that引导宾语从句，under no circumstances表示否定，置句首，句子使用部分倒装，
主语是the disabled，表示一类人，用作复数，由主句stressed可知，用一般过去时，故填
were。
9．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）South of the river _____ (lie) a small factory. (所给词的适当
形式填空)
【答案】lies
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：河的南面坐落着一家小工厂。句子描述现在的一般
情况，应用一般现在时，分析句子结构可知，本句使用完全倒装结构，a small factory是单
数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
10．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）Such a good boy _________ that we all like him.
汤姆是那么好的男孩我们都喜欢他。
【答案】is Tom
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【详解】考查倒装句。such +冠词+形容词+名词，位于句首，后面用部分倒装，用 is Tom
表示“汤姆是”故填is Tom，
题型二 强调句
【典例1】
（2023·全国·高三专题练习）It’s in the Summer Olympics _________ you have the running
races, together with swimming, sailing, etc.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：只有在夏季奥运会上才有跑步比赛，还有游泳、帆船等比赛
强调句结构为It is/was +强调部分 + that从句，本句强调地点状语 in the Summer Olympics
。结构句意，故填that。
【典例2】
(2019·北京高考)Not only ________ you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you'll
also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.
答案：will 句意：你们不仅可以帮助我们的年轻志愿者发展个人能力，还可以学习新的技
能，提高文化意识。Not only位于句首，构成部分倒装，根据主句中的you'll可知，设空处
应填will。
【题型训练】
1．（2023·天津·模拟预测）It was in this old school ________ the government built in 1968
________ he received good education.
A．where; when B．which; that C．that; which D．where; which
【答案】B
【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：正是在那座由当地政府 1968年建造的学校里，他
接受了良好的教育。分析句子可知，________ the government built in 1968为定语从句，先
行词this old school在从句中作宾语，第一空用关系代词which/that。第二空构成强调句，
用固定句型“it is+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分”，被强调部分非人，应用that。故选B
项。
2．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）—Is that the project you often refer to?
—Right，it is three years it has lasted.
A．that B．since C．before D．when
【答案】A
【详解】考查强调句型。句意为：——那就是你经常谈到的那项工程吗?——对，那项工程
已持续了三年了。强调句的句型是：“It is/was+被强调部分+that（通用）/who（强调主语
指人）/whom）强调宾语指人）+其它”，本句强调部分是时间状语“three years” ，应用
that。故填that。
3．（2023·全国·高三校考专题练习） It's not the lack of interest or of masterpieces
__________ bother the students. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【详解】考查强调句。句意：困扰学生的不是缺乏兴趣的问题，也不是缺乏读物的问题。
分析句子结构，这是一个强调句结构，被强调的部分为“not the lack of interest or of
masterpieces”。根据强调句的用法，强调人的时候，使用that或who作为连接词，其他情
况下使用that，故填that。
4．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）However, an awful accident ________happen yesterday. （用
适当的词填空）
【答案】did
【详解】考查强调句。句意：然而，昨天确实发生了一个可怕的事故。句中 yesterday表明
该句为过去时态，但是happen为动词原形，可知本句是一个强调句型，对过去的强调用
did+动词原形，故填did。
5．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned
she couldn’t eat meat. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】It
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到我听说她生病了，我才知道她不能吃肉。该句是强调句
型：It is/was +强调部分+that/who+其他，强调内容为人时，用that/who，强调内容为物时，
用that。此处强调的是时间状语从句。单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。
6．（2023·上海·高三专题练习）I ____ go to the station to meet her but I didn’t see her. (用适
当的词填空)
【答案】did
【详解】考查强调谓语结构和时态。句意：我确实去车站接她了，但我没看见她。由句意
知此处为对谓语动词短语go to the station的强调，需借助于助动词do，由but I didn’t see
her可知动作发生在过去，一般过去时，应用助动词did。故填did。
7．（2023·上海·高三专题练习）It was in the street ____I met an old classmate of mine the
other day. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句句型。句意：前几天我正是在街上遇见了我的一个老同学。结合句意
表示“正是在街上（不是在其他地方）”，可知考查强调句型It is/was…that/who…，强调
地点状语in the street，用that。故填that。
8．（2023·上海·高三专题练习）As in the early history of the United States, it was the English
_______ set up the settlements in America. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that/who
【详解】考查强调句。句意：在美国早期历史中，是英国人在美洲建立了殖民地。此处考
查强调句it was+被强调部分+that/who...，被强调部分为the English，表人，设空处缺that或
who。故填that/who。
9．（2023·上海·高三专题练习）In doing so, you’ll be able to see what it is ______you admire
in this person. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【详解】考查强调句型。句意：通过这样做，你可以看明白你到底欣赏这个人的什么品质
根据句意可知，宾语从句句意完整，不缺成分，与强调句的特殊疑问句相似，即疑问词+is
(was) it+that+句子其他成分，这里放在动词see后面作宾语从句，故使用了陈述语序，即疑
问词+it is+that+句子其他成分，这里的it is和that只是强调句的形式标志，不做任何成分，
故填that。
10．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）It is the test system, rather than the teachers, _____ is to
blame for the students’ heavy burden nowadays. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：如今学生们的负担沉重，该为此受到责备的是应试体制，而
非老师。“it is/was +被强调部分+ that/who...”是强调句型，强调部分为人时，可使用who，
其余情况均用that。“rather...than...”意为“是……而不是……”，此处强调的是test system
而不是teachers，应使用that。故填that。
题型三 省略句
【典例1】
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)China's approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its
citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the
bank's Juergen Voegele.
答案：feeding 句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的
农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。while后面省略了China is，省略句的原则：
在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那
么可以把主语和be动词一起省略。故填feeding。
【典例2】
If everything goes well ________ planned, the probe will reach a speed of 692,018 kilometers per
hour as it orbits the sun.
答案：as as it is planned为方式状语从句，此处省略了主语和be动词。
【题型训练】
1．（2023·天津·校联考二模）Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always
preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life.
A．being raised B．raising C．raised D．having raised
【答案】C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：戴夫·米切尔虽然在旧金山长大，但他一直喜欢记录
小镇生活的平凡事实。分析句子可知，此处是though引导的状语从句的省略，逻辑主语
Dave Mitchell 与动词 raise 之间为被动关系，完整句子为 Though he was raised in San
Francisco，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语，且从句含有 be动词，从句可以省略主语和
be动词，所以此处应用过去分词形式；being raised表示被动和进行，此处与句意不符，其
他选项均不表示被动，与句意不符。故选C项。
2．（2023秋·天津·高三天津市咸水沽第一中学校考期末）Many left-behind children, when
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】______ formal education, will probably show their talent in many aspects.
A．receive B．received C．to receive D．receiving
【答案】D
【详解】考查省略句。句意：许多留守儿童在接受正规教育后，可能会在许多方面展现出
他们的才能。在when引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有 be的某
种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，逻辑主语children和动词receive是主动关系，因此使
用现在分词做状语。故选D。
3．（2023·上海·高三专题练习）Although___________(face) with all kinds of difficulties, he
never wanted to give up. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】faced
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：尽管面临种种困难，他从未想过放弃。当时间、条
件、让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有 be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及 be动
词；本句还原后为Although he was faced with all kinds of difficulties，省略了he was 。故填
faced。
4．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）Anyone, once _____ (test) positive for Ebola, the deadly
disease, will receive free medical treatment from the government. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】tested
【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意：任何人一旦对埃博拉这种致命疾病检测呈阳性，都将
接受政府的免费医疗。分析句子可知，这里考查状语从句省略，补充完整从句为once he is
tested positive for Ebola，当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从
句主语和be动词。故填tested。
5．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）Don’t enter the office unless _____ (tell) to. (所给词的适当形
式填空)
【答案】told
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：除非被告知，否则不要进入办公室。分析句子可知
这里考查状语从句的省略，补充完整从句为 unless you are told to，当条件状语从句的主语
与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填told。
6．（2023秋·全国·高三专题练习）Though not ________(know) to use tools in the wild, the
birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】known
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：虽然在野外还不知道它们会使用工具，但在笼子
里的时候，这些鸟已经证明了它们熟练地使用工具。分析可知，此处为状语从句中的省略
在状语从句中从句的主语和主句的主语相同且有 be动词时，需要省略主语和be动词，即
完整形式为Though not the birds are known to use tools in the wild。故填known。
7．（2023秋·全国·高三专题练习）This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an
allocentric frame of reference when ________(move) objects in space, similar to two-year-old
babies. (所给词的适当形式填空)
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】moving
【详解】考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：这表明，当高芬凤头鹦鹉在空间中移动物体时
确实拥有一种异心参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。分析句子可知，此处为 when引导的时间
状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语一致时，可省略从句中主语和Be动词，该句为省略从句
主语Goffin’s cockatoos和be动词are。故填moving。
8．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）Music and art, when ________ (use) in hospitals, help to
improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure. （所给词的适
当形式填空）
【答案】used
【详解】考查省略句。句意：在医院使用音乐和艺术有助于改善病人的状况，减少压力、
焦虑和血压。在when引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有 be的某
种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，相当于省略了Music and art are。故填used。
9．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）While ________ (walk) along the paths, you can hear the
sweet songs of bird. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】walking
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：沿着小路走，你可以听到鸟儿甜美的歌声。分析可
知，逗号前为状语从句的省略，完整的句子为：while you are walking along the paths，从句
的主语和主句的主语一致，同时用到了 be动词，所以可以省略从句的主语和 be动词，故
填walking。
10．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）Do not leave the building until __________(instruct) to do so.
（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】instructed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：除非接到指示，否则不要离开大楼。根据句意可知
连词until引导的是一个时间状语从句，其完整的句子应该是until you are instructed to do so.
该状语从句符合省略的条件（主句和从句的主语一致；从句主要动词是be的某种形式），
这时可以把从句的主语和be动词省略，该句中省略掉you are。故填instructed。
题型四 祈使句
【典例1】
(2018·北京高考)In any unsafe situation, simply ________ (press) the button and a highlytrained
agent will get you the help you need.
答案：press 句意：在任何危险的情况下，仅仅摁一下按钮，那么一个高度训练的代理人
将使你获得你需要的帮助。此处是“祈使句＋and＋一般将来时”的固定结构。
【典例2】
(2018·天津高考)—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
—You bet. Just let me know when, ________ I'll be there.
答案：and 该句式是“祈使句＋and＋简单句”，祈使句相当于条件，简单句相当于主句。
题型五 感叹句
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【典例1】
(2021·北京市海淀区高三第一学期模拟)________ glad I was that he was sitting next to me.
答案：How 句意：他坐在我旁边，我是多么高兴。此处为how引导的感叹句。how用来
修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How＋形容词(副词)＋主语＋谓语！
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
