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专题 10 特殊句式——备战 2023 年高考英语考试易错题
【方法导入】
1．注意分析句式结构，确定为何种特殊句式。如果是省略句，注意补全缺失部分之后再解题。
2．根据特殊句式的结构特点填入适当的词。
(1)看到倒装句，要注意其谓语动词的人称和数。
(2)看到there be句型要注意主谓一致和时态。
技巧1熟记句型结构，轻松确定答案
1. — Do you understand the meaning of the sentence?
— Sorry, ______ . Would you please explain it again?
A．I didn’t get it B．I don’t know
C．I’m not in the mood for it D．I don’t agree with
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——你明白这个句子的意思吗?——抱歉，我没听懂。请你再解释一遍好
吗? A. I didn’t get it我没听懂；B. I don’t know我不知道；C. I’m not in the mood for it我没心情；D. I don’t
agree with我不同意。根据“Would you please explain it again?”可知，没有听懂句子的意思。故选A。
【答案】A
1. Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in
reaching goals.
A. I did discover B. did I discover
C. I discovered D. discovered
2.—I’ve just heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right? ________
—Many thanks.
A．Good for you. B．You asked for it. C．There you are. D．You’ve gone too far.
技巧2 巧用还原法，化难为易1. It was in our school hall ____________ our school held a variety show last week.
【解析】考查强调句型。It is/was...that...为强调句型，判断依据为去掉It was和that之后，句子
仍完整。故填that。
【答案】that
1. It’s in the Summer Olympics _________ you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing, etc.
2. 说出划线部分的用法
— You shouldn’t read books while having lunch ①. If so ②，you will make the book you read ③ dirty.Would
you like to put your book aside now?
— I’d like to ④，but the book is so interesting that I can’t tear myself away from it.
— Do you want to have a stomachache?
— No，I hope not ⑤.I will put it away right now.
状语从句的省略：
1．在状语从句的省略中，若省略，则主语和be动词一起省略，若保留则一起保留。
You are not careful enough while (you are) crossing a busy street.
在横穿繁忙街道的时候，你再怎么小心也不为过。
2．在状语从句的省略中，考查连词之后的非谓语动词时，要考虑该动词与主句主语之间的关系。
Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to college.
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法让他去上大学。
He always keeps silent unless asked.
除非被问到，他总是保持沉默。
基础夯实
考点一 强调句型
1．陈述句：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他．(强调人时可用that或who，强调物时只用that)
一般疑问句：Is/Was ＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？
◆(天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
正是在我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。
◆(四川卷)Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？
2．not...until...的强调句：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他．(注意时态)
◆(湖南卷)It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its
beauty but also its weather.
直到我来到这里，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。
[名师点津] (1)当强调句的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，要用陈述句语序。
◆I wonder who it was that told Jim the news.
我想知道是谁告诉吉姆这个消息的。
(2)强调谓语动词时，用do/does/did＋动词原形。该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现
在时和一般过去时。
考点二 倒装
表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词(短语)here、there、now、then、up、
完全倒装 down、away、off、in、out、in the room、on the wall等置于句首，且主语
为名词时
否定副词(never、neither、nor、hardly、little、seldom、rarely等)或表示否
定意义的介词短语(at no time、by no means、on no condition、in no case等)
置于句首时
only修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句，且置于句首时
“so/neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语”意为“……也是如此/也
部分倒装
不……”
“Not only＋部分倒装， but also...”意为“不仅……而且……”
not until...置于句首时， 主句需部分倒装
So＋adj./adv.＋部分倒装＋that.../Such (a/an)＋adj.＋n.＋部分倒装＋that...意
为“如此……以至于……”
◆(江苏卷)Not until recently did they encourage the development of touristrelated activitiesin the rural areas. 直到近期，他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。
◆(湖南卷)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a
decision.
直到讨论了那个问题几个小时之后他们才做出决定。
◆(四川卷)We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work.
我们听到笑话时会笑，却很少去考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。
◆(陕西卷)John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.
约翰打开门，一个他以前从未见过的女孩站在那里。
◆With the great honor of being government officials of this nation comes great
responsibility.
有幸成为这个国家的政府官员，责任重大。
考点三 省略
1．状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是 it且从
句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介
词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
◆(湖南卷)Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
孩子在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。
2．不定式的省略
(1) 在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短
语), 只保留不定式符号to。常用在expect、hope、intend、mean、try、want、wish等词后。
◆(江苏卷)Firstly, people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don't want to. 首
先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。
(2)but用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词 do, 后接不定式时，要省略
to；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接不定式时，不能省略 to。
◆(陕西卷)If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater
challenge.
如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。
[名师点津] (1)如果不定式中含有be、have、have been，通常保留be、have、have been。
(2)特殊的省略结构(常作为插入语来处理)：
if so 如果这样的话
if not 如果不这样的话if ever 如果曾经有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if any 如果有的话
考点四 感叹句、祈使句、there be 句型及反意疑问句
一、感叹句
1．what引导的感叹句
(1)What＋a/an(＋adj.)＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！
2．how引导的感叹句
(1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
(2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
(3)How＋主语＋谓语！
◆(辽宁卷)What a strange plant(＝How strange a plant)! I've never seen it before.
多么奇怪的一种植物啊！我以前从未见过。
◆The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。
二、祈使句
祈使句常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二
人称you(常省略)。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don't, 也可用副词never构成。祈
使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。
◆Do your homework before you watch TV.
看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。
三、there be句型
(1)there be 句型中的be可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。并且be有时
可用live、remain、stand、lie、exist、seem to be、appear to be、happen to be、used to be等替
换。
◆There have been many great changes in our country since then. 从那时起我们国家发生
了很多大的变化。
◆Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。
(2)there be句型的常考句型：①There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义；
②There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……；
③There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事；
④There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/with sth.做某事(没)有困难；
⑤There is no possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事没有可能性。
四、反意疑问句
反意疑问句由“陈述句＋反问句”构成，若陈述句为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式，反
之亦然。
1．陈述部分含有must的反意疑问句
(1)当must作“必须”讲时，其反意疑问词用needn't；当为mustn't(不允许、禁止)时其反
意疑问词用must。
◆You must go now, needn't you?
你现在必须走，不是吗？
◆You mustn't smoke here, must you?
你不能在这里吸烟，是吧？
(2)当must表示推测，作“一定、准是”讲时，反意疑问部分的动词形式要根据must后面
的动作所表示的时间来确定。
◆You must have watched the football match last night, didn't you？ 你昨晚一定是看这
场足球比赛了，是吧？
2．陈述部分含有used to时，疑问词用usedn't 或didn't均可。
◆You used to play football, usedn't/didn't you?
你过去常常踢足球，是吗？
3．陈述部分含有ought to时，疑问词用oughtn't或shouldn't均可。
◆He ought to attend the meeting, oughtn't/shouldn't he?
他应该参加会议，不是吗？
4．陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
(1)当陈述部分含有seldom、hardly、scarcely、never、few、little、nothing、nobody 等否
定词或半否定词时，疑问部分动词用肯定式。
◆He could hardly get up, could he?
他几乎起不来了，不是吗？
(2)陈述部分含有表示否定意义的前缀或后缀构成的词时，反意疑问部分的动词一般用否
定式。
◆Mary dislikes sports, doesn't she?玛丽不喜欢体育运动，不是吗？
(3)陈述部分含有宾语从句时，反意疑问部分的主语应和主句的主语保持一致。
◆He said that she would come here on time, didn't he?
他说过她会准时来这里，不是吗？
[名师点津] 当主句是 I think/believe/suppose...等结构时，反意疑问部分往往根据宾语从句
的主语和谓语而定。需特别注意否定转移的现象中的肯定式和否定式。
◆I don't think he will attend the meeting on time, will he?
我认为他不会准时参加会议，是吗？
模拟演练
Ⅰ、单项选择
1．There is no doubt________ this candidate’s strength lies in his ability to________ conflicts in the workplace.
A．whether; look into B．if; come up with
C．that, deal with D．that; participate in
2.________ both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region.
A．As long as B．Only if C．If only D．Unless
3.________is the power of global warming that the climate goes from one extreme to the other.
A．Such B．This C．That D．So
4.If Tom’s wife won’t go to the party,________.
A．he will either B．neither will he C．he neither will D．either he will
5.Only when ________hard________realize your dream of going to a key university.
A．do you study; you can B．you study; you can C．do you study; can you D．you
study; can you
6.This discovery helped researchers conclude that these two drugs, when ___ together, could lead to heart disease.
A．taken B．taking C．to take D．having taken
7.He was born in an extended family. His family, is richer than mine.
A．if so B．if anything C．if ever D．if not
8.Never before ____________ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
A．had she B．she hadC．has she D．she has
9.So sudden ________ that the enemy had no time to escape.
A．the attack did B．did the attack C．the attack was D．was the attack
10.It was ______ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.
A．repairing B．repaired C．to repair D．in repair
Ⅱ、语法填空
1．Much ____________ I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
2． Not until I returned ________I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.
3． It was what he meant rather than what he said ________annoyed me.
4． He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper, because barely________(can) he
make ends meet.
5． I believe that when the power of love overcomes the love of power,________then will there be peace in this
world.(用适当的单词填空)
6.Once___________ (pour), water can’t be taken back.
7． When deeply ______(absorb) in work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. (用单词的适当形式完
成句子)
8There __________ an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates. (用适当的词填空)
9． _____(delight) as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Browns Grove
Farm is one of the suppliers of a newly opened restaurant. (所给单词的适当形式填空)
10． Only if you put the sun there __________ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. (用适当
的词填空)
11.---How is the man injured in the earthquake?
---The doctor said if _________（treat） in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. (所给词的适当形式填空）
12.In ____________ case should we prevent the students from exploring new ideas and technology.（用适当的单
词填空）
13． From the picture we know, ________ happy do the children feel that they are wild with joy.
14． It is not what we do once in a while ___________shapes our lives but what we do consistently.
Ⅲ、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（一）Chinese scientists have created the world’s first light-based quantum (量子) computer, called Jiuzhang. It’s
1 ． breakthrough in the field after Google completed its quantum computer last year. 2 ． (compare) with today’s
best supercomputers, Jiuzhang can calculate 100,000 billion times faster.
Usually, information 3 ． (handle) in binary bits (二进位) by classical computers, presenting itself as either
0s or 1s. However, quantum computers process data using qubits (量子位), 4 ． is identified as 0s, 1s or
everything in between. As a result, as the number of qubits 5 ． (increase), the computing ability of quantum
computers rises too. Another advantage of Jiuzhang is that it’s 6 ． (easy) to make and maintain. Superconducting
quantum computers must be kept at ultra-cold temperatures 7 ． (ensure) their materials can conduct electricity
without any resistance. But most parts of Jiuzhang can operate at room temperature except its sensory equipment
and it must be kept at -29.1℃. With advantages 8 ． traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range
of 9 ． (apply). The calculations carried out by Jiuzhang can 10 ． (potential) be applied to machine learning,
quantum chemistry and graph theory.
（二）
With fewer than 2, 000 giant pandas left in the wild, the sighting of one of the lovely animals is a cause for
11 ． (celebrate). However, the one recently spotted walking through a bamboo forest in China’s Sichuan
Province is even more so, 12 ． (consider) that it is the worlds first known all-white panda!
It 13 ． (spot) by an infrared (红外线的) camera set up to monitor the wildlife in the Wolong National Nature
Reserve on May 25, 2019, 14 ． is also home to China’s first giant panda breeding and research center. Wolong
officials estimate the panda, whose sex is hard 15 ． (determine) from the photo, is between one and two years old.
16 ． is generally believed that the giant pandas unique black and white coloring allows it to blend in with the
snow during winter or to hide in the shade during summer. Some 17 ． (scientist) also believe the dark circles
around the eyes help the panda bears recognize each other. 18 ． (lucky), the lack of markings does not seem to
have affected the all-white panda so far.
The researchers say albino (白化病) animals are rare in general. That’s because it can only happen if both
parents carry the gene. With so few specimens of panda bears left in the world, the possibility of that happening is
almost next 19 ． impossible. Researchers believe if its offspring can be photographed, it will be 20 ． (value) for
further research.
Ⅳ句型转换
1. Maybe you have been to many countries, but you can find such a beautiful place nowhere else.（倒装）→Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else______________________ such a beautiful place.
2. Many lakes lie in the dark forests, some large enough to hold several towns.（倒装）
→In the dark forests______________________, some large enough to hold several towns.
3. They at no time actually broke the rules. It was unfair to punish them.（倒装）
→At no time ______________________ the rules. It was unfair to punish them.
4. What you do rather than what you say matters.（强调）
→______________what you do rather than what you say______________matters.
5. With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.（强调）
→__________________________________ that the mountain climber was rescued.
6. Film has a much shorter history, especially when it is compared with such art forms as music and painting.（省
略）
→Film has a much shorter history, especially when ______________________ such art forms as music and
painting.
7. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if it is carried out regularly, can improve our health.
（省略）
→The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if______________________ regularly, can improve our
health.
8. What an interesting movie we watched last night!（感叹句）
→______________________ we watched last night!
9. How difficult the maths problem is! None of us can work it out.（感叹句）
→____________________________________________! None of us can work it out.
真题演练
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）---How's the project going?
--- ________. All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.
A．Easy come easy go B．Far from it
C．By all means D．So far so good
2. （2021·天津卷）—Are you done with the book I gave you?
— ________. I'm still reading the last chapter.A．Hard to say B．Not quite C．Of course D．It all depends
3. （2021·全国乙卷短文改错）That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on
the topic!
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷） Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within
two years.
A. a wet blanket B. a piece of cake C. a dark horse D. a hard nut to crack
2. （2020·江苏卷）—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?
—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A. How come? B. So what? C. By all means. D. With pleasure.
3．（2020·天津卷）—Tim has difficulty in making decisions.
—__________. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job.
A．That’s it B．Give it a try C．It's settled D．You're kidding me
4．（2020·天津卷）—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
—______. I will.
A．My pleasure B．No wonder C．Good point D．Never mind
5．（2020·天津卷)）—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight?
—______. I’ll drive her there.
A．Have a try B．Don’t mention it C．Don’t bother D．Go ahead
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】 —Let's take a coffee break.
— __________ We' ve been working for hours.
A. Why bother? B. What for? C. You got me there. D. You said it.
2.【2019·天津卷】—I guess you want to go play tennis.
—__________. That's exactly what I was thinking too.
A. I didn't get it B. It's up to you
C. You never know D. You read my mind
3.【2019·天津卷】—My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!
—Wow, ___________! What's he going to study?
A. good for him B. go for it
C. what a coincidence D. all the best4.【2019·天津卷】The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones
in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【2018年】
1.【2018·天津】—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
—___________. Just let me know when, and I'll be there.
A. You bet B. It depends
C. Forget it D. No kidding
2.【2018·天津】 —Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?
一_________. She will be here in about twenty minutes.
A. All right B. Don't worry
C. No wonder D. Enjoy yourself
3.【2018·江苏】—What happened? Your boss seems to _______.
—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?
A. be over the moon B. laugh his head off
C. be all ears D. fly off the handle
4.【2018·江苏】 —You know what? I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.
—Oh, _______ You’re kidding.
A. so what? B. go ahead.
C. come on. D. what for?
5.【2018·天津】It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the
passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
6.【2018·北京】 In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get
you the help you need.
A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed
7.【2018·新课标II卷】China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens
"offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【2017年】
1.【2017·天津卷】—Michael was late for Mr. Smith’s chemistry class this morning.—________? As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. So what B. Why not C. Who cares D. How come
2.【2017·天津卷】—Albert’s birthday is on next Saturday, and I’m planning a surprise party for him.
—__________. I’ll bring some wine.
A. Sounds like fun B. It depends
C. Just a minute D. You are welcome
3.【2017·江苏卷】— What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?
—it’s nothing. Just something _______.
A. as clear as day B. off the top of my head
C. under my nose D. beyond my wildest dreams
4.【2017·江苏卷】—Going to watch the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday?
—_______! Will you go with me?
A. You there B. You bet C. You got me D. You know better
5.【2017·江苏卷】_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it
6.【2017·天津卷】It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who B. where C. which D. that
【2016年】
1.【2016·江苏】—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_______. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so C. I appreciatethat D. I beg to differ
2.【2016·天津】---It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome?
---______. There were good things and bad things about them.
A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it
C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better
3.【2016·天津】—I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.
—Sounds great!_____.
A. It all depends B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder
4.【2016·浙江】 —Are you sure you're ready for the test?
—_________. I'm well prepared for it.
A. I'm afraid not B. No problem C. Hard to say D. Not really
5.【2016·浙江】—The movie starts at 8:30,and we can have a quick bite before we go— .See you at 8:10
A. So long B. Sounds great C. Good luck D. Have a good time
6.【2016·江苏】Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
7.【2016·天津】You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
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