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专题 08 并列句和状语从句—备战 2023 年高考英语考试易错
题
【导入】
并列连词和状语从句解题思路：
1. 句型判断法：细心审题，对号入座
2. 逻辑判断法：准确理解句意，确定适当连词
技巧1 连词用法要熟记
1.（2017·北京）—Peter, please send us postcards we’ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
【解析】——Peter，请给我们寄一些明信片，这样我们就能知道你去过哪里。
——没有问题。
根据语境可知，让Peter寄明信片的目的是了解Peter去过哪里，此处表示目的，所以用so连接
并列句。注意：不能误填for，如果后半句表示原因可用for，且之前常有逗号隔开。
【答案】so
1．and
用 法 示 例
意为“和，并且”，当连接三个或三个以上 Solid, liquid and gas are the three states of
并列的成分时，一般在最后两者之间加 matter.固态、液态和气态是物质的三种状
and，其余用逗号分开 态。
“go (come, stop等)＋and＋动词原形”中， I'll go and bring back your boots.＝I'll go in
“and＋动词原形”相当于“in order to＋动 order to bring back your boots.我去把你的靴子
词原形” 拿回来。
“动词＋and＋动词”，前后为同一动词，表
We waited and waited.我们等啊等。
示动作长时间地“继续”或“重复”
Work hard and you will succeed.＝If you work
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”相当于“if从句＋
hard, you will succeed.努力工作，你就会成
主句”
功。2．or
用 法 示 例
Would you prefer tea or coffee？你喜欢茶还是
表示选择，意为“或，还是”
咖啡？
“祈使句＋or(else)＋陈述句”相当于“if… Dress warmly, or (else) you'll catch a cold.穿暖
not＋主句” 和点儿，否则你会感冒的。
3．表示对比、转折关系的并列连词有but, yet, whereas, while等。
►He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
►Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others not.
有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。
【注意】 but还可用于“I'm sorry but…”“Excuse me but…”句式中。
►I am sorry but I won't be able to come tonight.
对不起我今晚不能来。
4．表示因果关系的并列连词有so, for等。
►It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都是湿的。
►The shops were closed, so I didn't get any milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
5．when也可用作并列连词，常用于以下句式中：
►I had just finished my homework when Tom came to me.
我刚写完作业，Tom就来找我了。
6．both…and…， neither…nor…， not only…but also…等。
►He spoke with both kindness and understanding.
他说话既亲切又善解人意。
►Neither Tom nor Helen is hardworking.
Tom和Helen都不勤奋。
1. （2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错）Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so
once I started the car, my mind went blank.2.（2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错）I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
3. Xiao Ming took his cellphone to school and① played cellphone in class，so② his head teacher was very
angry.He said to Xiao Ming，“Others are studying hard while③ you are playing hard. You either quit school or
break the cellphone.④” Xiao Ming didn’t want to break his cellphone but⑤ he couldn’t quit school.He
thought to himself，“ Break it ， or I will be dismissed. ⑥”If he was dismissed， not only would his mother cry
but also his father would deliver him a spanking ①.
说出划线连词在句中的逻辑意义：
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
技巧2 依据句子逻辑确定状语从句引导词
1. （2020·全国卷Ⅲ） ___65___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the
legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (point) down the river.
【解析】考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着
河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词 asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用
while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。
【答案】When/As
1.【2016·浙江】_______online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects have been positive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
2.（2017·北京）If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people you
figure it out.技巧3注意固定句式中的连词
1 . They serve as an important driving force for local economic and social development, while
acting as a bridge between Quanzhou ____________ the wider world.
【解析】and 考查并列连词。句意：他们是当地经济和社会发展的重要驱动力，同时也是泉
州与世界的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，空处应填并列连词。between...and...为固定搭配，意为
“在……之间”，故填and。
【答案】and
1. Some people are able to lose weight on highprotein diets in the shortterm but this weight loss is
not due to eating more animal protein, ____________ simply due to consuming fewer calories.
2. Life isn't perfect and it's always hard, ____________ we need reminders in our life from friends,
authors, bloggers, pastors or our inner spirits to refocus on the things that matter and make us live
positively.
基础夯实
考点一 并列连词
常考的并表示转折、but, yet （然而）, while （然I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was
列连词 对比关系 而，强调对比或转折） extremely organized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，
表示并列关and, both...and..., not only... but 然而我的室友凯特却极有条理。
系 （also）..., neither...nor...等 I was driving down to London when I suddenly found
表示选择关or, either...or..., not but that I was on the wrong road.我正在开车去伦敦，这时
系 我突然发现自己走错了路。
表示因果关so, for（一般不放在句首）
系
特殊并列when 可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那连词及并时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于
列句 下列句式：
①be about to do sth. when...某人正要做某
事，这时突然……
②be on the point of doing sth. when...某人正
要做某事，这时突然……
③be doing sth. when...某人正在做某事，这
时突然……
④sb. had just done sth. when...某人刚做完某
事，这时突然……
“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句
部分也可用名词短语
考点二 状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1.when/while/as引导的时间状语从句
whe when引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或I loved history when I was at school.
n 非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可我上学时喜欢历史。
以同时发生，也可以先后发生。
whil while引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状Whilesome people are motivated by a need for success,
e 态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发others are motivated by a fear of failure.当一些人被成功的
生。 需要驱动的时候,另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱动着。
as as可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生Asthe average age of the population increases, there are more
或交替进行,可译为“一边……,一边……;随and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长,
着……”。 有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
1）as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly等
The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy.
我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
2）在hardly...when..., no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电
话让我立刻回家。
3. before, since引导的时间状语从句
1）before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：① It will be/was
＋一段时间＋before...要过/过了……时间才……；②It won’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...要不了多久
就/没过多久就……。
If you miss this chance, it will be years before you get another one.如果你错过了这个机会,那要过很多年你才
能获得另一个。2）since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句（常用过去时）。since
从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常为一般现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
As is reported, it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有
一百多年了。
4.till/until引导的时间状语从句
主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；主句是否定句时，
not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句
首，而till不能。
If you don’t understand something, you may research and talk to other people until you figure it out.如果你不理
解某事，你可以去调查并和其他人讨论，直到你把它弄明白。
5. every time，each time, next time, the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句
By the time you have finished this book, your meal will get cold.等你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。
二、让步状语从句
1. although, though, as和while引导的让步状语从句
Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它
们目前是至关重要的。
Hot as/though the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.夜晚的空气虽然
很热，但我们睡得很沉，因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。
易错提示
1）though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句用倒装语序：
表语/状语/谓语中的实义动词＋as＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。
2）while引导的让步状语从句一般置于句首。
2. even if与even though 引导的让步状语从句
even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn’t get much exercise.尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他
身体状态很好。
3.“疑问词-ever”引导的让步状语从句
“疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter+疑问词。
However/No matter how hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.不管
你多么努力，不减少饭量，减肥很难。4.whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
whether...or...意为“不管是……还是……”。该复合连词引导的让步状语从句表示正反两个方面的可能性
都不会影响主句的意向或结果。
All people, whether they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the
disaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
三、其他状语从句
条 件if, unless（如果不,除非）, so/as long as（只要）, on You won’t get paid for time off unless you have a
状 语condition that（条件是）, in case（万一）, supposingdoctor’s note.除非你有医生的证明，否则你不上
从句 （假如）, provided/providing（如果） 班便拿不到工资。
原 因because, as, since, now that, considering that （考虑到, He had his camera ready in case he saw
状 语鉴于） something that would make a good picture.他准备
从句 好了照相机，以防看到一些能够拍成好照片的
目 的so that, in order that, in case （以防） 东西。
状 语 As/Since you were out, I left a message.你不在，
从句 所以我留了一张字条。
结 果so that, so...that..., such...that... I found all the missing things where I had left
状 语 them.我在丢东西的地方找到了所有丢失的东
从句 西。
地 点where, wherever
状 语
从句
方 式as（按照）, as if/as though（好像）
状 语
从句
比 较than, not as/so...as...
状 语
从句
模拟演练
Ⅰ、单项选择
1．Take a taxi, you'll miss your train.
A．and B．if C．otherwise D．but
2．Don’t use your mobile phone while charging, ______ you may be shocked by electricity.
A．or B．and C．but D．yet
3.Nearly three months had gone by _________ the seriously injured girl showed a slight sign of recovery.
A．until B．before
C．since D．after
4.Though it is 5 years________ he retired from his work place, the old professor remains active in the academiccircles.
A．when B．that C．before D．since
5.________ he passed away in 1961, Mei Lanfang had been performing and encouraging the spread of Peking
Opera for almost 60 years.
A．Once B．As C．Until D．Since
6．________ everyone has left the party, we need to start cleaning.
A．Before B．Whenever C．Now that D．In case
7．______ you have the chance to prove your abilities, why not make full use of it?
A．Even if B．As soon as C．Now that D．As long as
8．Several years later, Helen and Zhou Mei met again in New York and they picked up their friendship ________ it
left off.
A．where B．what C．how . D．when
9．1 study Italian ________ I would be able to read Dante in the original.
A．so that B．even though C．in case D．as if
10．—What do you think of the teacher?
—______she is elegant, she can be extremely difficult to deal with.
A．Even if B．As C．Because D．While
11．________ a great many people like the convenience of using WeChat to communicate with each other, too
many junk messages on it may make them bored.
A．How B．When C．Since D．While
12．A number of high buildings have arisen________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A．where B．which C．that D．when
13．We will go camping this weekend ________ the weather is good.
A．so long as B．as far as C．for fear that D．now that
14．1 have heard many young people say they never fully appreciated their mothers________it was too late to tell
them.
A．as B．that C．until D．when
15．________rich one may be. there is always something one wants.
A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Wherever
16．We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A．unless B．once C．whether D．because17． things had been tough when he was in school, he graduated from college with the highest honor.
A．If B．While C．Because D．As
18．I only take on work that excites me it means turning down lots of money.
A．as if B．in case C．now that D．even if
19．—Mike is ___________ honest boy that all of us like him.
A．such B．so C．such an D．so an
20．_______ I’m willing to help, I don’t have much time available.
A．As B．While C．As though D．Since
21．If you don’t grasp this chance, it may be years ______ you get another one.
A．before B．since C．until D．unless
22．--- How long will it be ________ your brother attends university?
--- Half a month.
A．since B．before C．until D．when
23．We were all confused why he left the job____he was so well paid in that big company.
A．if B．until C．once D．when
24．If you are travelling ____________ customs are really foreign to you, please do as the Romans do.
A．where B．when C．that D．which
25．Two years ago, a new school was set up_________there had once been a factory.
A．that B．when C．which D．where
Ⅱ、语法填空
1._____________difficulties we meet, we can work them out. (用适当的词填空)
2.Being equipped with rich experience,____________it is from books or practice, will make him well prepared for
his future career. (用适当的单词填空)
3.The Xiamen of today is still changing, so rapidly, in fact, _________________maps of the city become outdated
almost as soon as they_________________(publish). (用适当的单词和所给词的适当形式填空)
4． The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. ________ it cried, she rocked it back
and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
5． Over time, ________ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more
quickly.
6.Senior citizens are the first to come to our mind when you think of hearing loss, but in a recent report, hearing
professionals worry teenagers will soon outnumber aging adults ______ it comes to living with hearing loss.7.They put on protective suits and gloves______they entered the building.
8．My mother is always warning me when I go out, “Don't get off the bus ________ it is running．”
9．I had hardly rung the bell ________ the door was opened suddenly, and my son rushed out to greet me．
10．I won't lend you my car ________ you promise you will not drive after drinking．
11．He had to sell his luxury car, ________ his company was in debt．
12.It will be often a long time ______your friend fully removes that memory，so don't be disappointed if it
doesn't happen immediately.
13.He knew that cholera would not be controlled ______its cause was found.
14.Today, he is so good at woodcarving ______his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and
so far about 40 works of art have been created in the local parks.
15.The fear is that ______we don’t start taking this litter out of the sky soon, it will become a significant threat to
active satellites.
16.We must learn by using the language. ______we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are
not really learning the language.
Ⅲ、短文填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词
语的正确形式填空。
For ages, embroidery（刺绣） 1 ． （know）as a woman’s job. However, like any good fashion designer,
Zhang Yan dares to be different. In the last three months, the 25-year-old’s work has hit New York and changed the
impression about men and needlework. His show in New York was called Fusheng， 2 ． means “a floating life”.
It 3 ． （feature）thin silk and Suzhou embroidery. Zhang explained his method and technique 4 ． the reporter of
CGTN. He used a firm, transparent silk to symbolize the two characteristics of 5 ． （flexible）and steadiness.
These refer to the two periods of our lives-when we are young and when we grow up.
In the show, about 100 children came up to the catwalk with Chinese classical music. They wore clothes with
traditional Chinese patterns, 6 ． goldfish and dragons, symbolizing good luck and strength.
Zhang’s path to success is not easy. It’s a journey full of sweat and tears. 7 ． （inspire）by museum pieces,
Zhang has spent about four years learning to embroider on qipao. Zhang wants to bring embroidery to the world of
high design, 8 ． （give）full play to the classical beauty. 9 ． handling the tiny needle with his big hands wasn’t easy
at first, after three to five years of practice, Zhang said he had 10 ． （great）improved his work, in terms of both
appearance and detail. “I’m trying to be enthusiastic, stay interested and keep moving on and on.”真题演练
【2022年】
1（2022新高考I卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP
is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural
ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, __________ leaving behind
precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
2（2022新高考II卷）He hung on for a few minutes ___________ screamed for his father, but his father
didn't hear him.
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at
school.
A．unless B．once C．whether D．because
2．（2021·天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
3. （2021·全国乙卷短文改错）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after
meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
4.（2021·浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形
式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that
people worldwide are getting heavier 28 ． that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 29 ． gives an indication of whether someone is a
healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 30 ． (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a
BMI of between 19 and 25 31 ． (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32 ． 2. 1 in women and men. In
cities, however, the gain 33 ． (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in
the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34 ． (study)
had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and
rural people in many countries had narrowed 35 ． (sharp).This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36 ． (live) in the countryside, including 37 ． (low)
levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】The doctor shares his phone number with the patients __________ they need medical
assistance.
A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case
2.【2019·天津卷】Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________ he wants their
support.
A. since B. once
C. unless D. after
3.【2019·新课标I卷】Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me.
4.【2019·新课标II卷】I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and
all the friends I have made_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”
5.【2019·新课标III卷】On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help
wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
【2018年】
1.【2018·江苏】_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after
one or two nights.
A. Once B. Unless C. If D. When
2.【2018·天津】 Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be
eaten.
A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that
3.【2018·北京】_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be
gone.
A. Although B. While C. If D. Until
【2017年】
1.【2017·北京】If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people
_______ you figure it out.A. because B. though C. until D. since
2.【2017·北京】______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because
3.【2017·北京】—Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
A. but B. or C. for D. so
4.【2017· 江苏】Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and
Road construction.
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ________ he’s in his nineties.
A. as long as B. as if C. even though D. in case
2.【2016·北京】I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.
A. so B. and C. for D. but
3.【2016·江苏】______some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of
failure.
A. Because B. If C. Unless D. While
4.【2016·天津】 ______ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to
care for.
A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While
5.【2016·浙江】_______online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects have been positive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
6.【2016·北京】I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from
other cares of the day.
A. because B. before C. unless D. until
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