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专题 04 动词的时态和语态—备战 2023 年高考英语考试易错
题
技巧1 1.掌握独特的时间状语标志
1.By about 6，000 BC，people ____________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to
raise.
【解析】句意：大约在公元前6 000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲
畜。“by＋过去时间”意为“到……为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。逻辑主语和提示词
之间表示主动逻辑。
【答案】had discovered
(1)题干中如有always，often，seldom，sometimes，usually等，用一般现在时。
(2)题干中如有yesterday，last night，a few days ago，the other day，then等，用一般过去时。
(3)题干中如有tomorrow，next year，in a week等，用一般将来时。
(4)题干中如有now，at present，currently等，用现在进行时。
(5)题干中如有at that time，at six o’clock yesterday等，用过去进行时。
(6)题干中如有at this time tomorrow，from 1 o’clock to 3 o’clock tomorrow等，用将来进行时。
(7)题干中如有since，so far，up to now，in/over/during the last year/past few years等，用现在完成时。
完成短文：
At first，Jack wasn’t fond of studying and was addicted to computer games.Every time his mother__1________ to
his room，she found that he _2_______________computer games.His father _3_________________him many
times before he went to middle school，so he promised that he __4________________hard and quit computergames.
It is amazing that Jack ___5_______________a lot in the past three years.Whenever asked about Jack’s
performance at school ， his mother always ___6_______________proudly ， “ He_7_________________
progress.”He __8________________preparations for the college entrance exams.
There is no doubt that Jack ___9_______________a good college if he keeps working hard like this.Maybe in the
near future he ____10______________in a key university.
技巧2 瞻前顾后找并列
1.The real reason why prices ____________(be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short
discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
【解析】题干中没有时间状语，由并列连词and后面的参照动词“are”和“is”无法判断出所填
动词的时态。根据句意可知，价格以前很高，现在仍然很高，可知陈述的是过去的事实，故
应用一般过去时。
【答案】were
(1)可根据并列连词and、but、or、rather than、neither...nor...、not only...but also...等前后的
谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态；
(2)同一个主语连接两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要保持一致。
1. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that
he____________(be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.
2.—Is Peter coming?
—No, he ____________(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.3. (天津卷)When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ____________(not
see) for years.
技巧3固定句式要记牢
1 . It is the first time that I ____________(be) to Beijing.
【解析】句意：这是我第一次去北京。提示词为 be动词，考虑设空处在从句中作谓语，并考
虑时态和语态；再根据固定句式“It is the first time that sb. has/have done...”确定使用现在完成
时。
【答案】have been
1.__________________________________ the key to learning a foreign language well is nothing but practice.
人们普遍认为学好一门外语的关键就是练习。
2. __________________________________ the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days.
据报告，近两日气温将明显下降。
技巧4把握逻辑关系，确定主动或被动
1.Hot pot restaurants can ____________(find) on pretty much every street in Chengdu, but the
quality and taste can vary hugely.
【解析】动词find和句子的主语Hot pot restaurants之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。
【答案】be found
Xiao Ming’s Cellphone
Xiao Ming’s cellphone _1___________.I couldn’t get through to him while the cellphone_2_________________.I wanted to inform him that he __3_________________by the basketball club.
Cellphones __4___________widely________nowadays.It seems that they ___5________________
so frequently that people ____6_______________by them.Someone thinks that cellphones
___7________________on some occasions.
Xiao Ming’s cellphone ___8_______________well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the
cellphone___9_______________home and ___10________________again.
基础夯实
考点一 一般现在时与一般过去时
1．一般现在时
(1)表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时态限制)。
◆Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不等人。
(2)表示现状、性质、状态时，多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作时，多
用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
◆Ice feels cold.
冰摸起来很冷。
◆These oranges taste good.
这些橘子味道很好。
◆They always care for each other and help each other.
他们总是互相关心、互相帮助。
(3)表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排将要发生的动作。
◆My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m. and ends at 3：30 p．m.
我理想中的学校上午8：30上课，下午3：30放学。
◆The shop closes at 11：00 p．m. every day.
这家商店每天晚上11点关门。
(4)在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
◆I'll write to her when I have time.
我有时间就给她写信。
◆If she comes this afternoon, we'll have a meeting.
如果她今天下午过来，我们就举行会议。2．一般过去时
(1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的具体时间状语连用，如 yesterday、last
month、just now、the other day、three days ago、in 1989等。
◆The other day I came across an old friend on the top of Mount Tai.
前几天，我在泰山顶上偶然遇到了一位老朋友。
◆When he was young, he took cold baths regularly.
他小时候经常洗冷水澡。
◆I didn't expect to see you studying at the library.
我没想到会在图书馆里见到你。
(2)上下文语境中，暗含有表示过去的时间状语时用一般过去时。
◆George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't.
乔治说他会在第二天来学校看我，但是他没有来。
(3)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
◆He said he would tell her about the news as soon as he met her.
他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。
(4)表达“原以为、原希望”等意义时，know、think、expect等动词常用一般过去时。
◆Much to my disappointment, the film is not as moving as I expected.
令我非常失望的是，这部电影没有和我原本预料的一样感人。
(5)常见句型：
①“It is (high) time that sb.did sth.”意为“是某人该做某事的时候了。”
◆It is high time that we took action to protect our environment.
是我们该采取措施保护环境的时候了。
②“It is/has been＋时间段＋since...did sth.意为“自从……做某事已经……了。”
◆As far as I know，it is/has been three years since he joined the army.
据我所知，他参军三年了。
③“would/had rather sb.did sth.”意为“宁愿某人做某事”
◆I'd rather you stayed at home today.
我宁愿你今天待在家里。
考点二 现在进行时、过去进行时与将来进行时
1．现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作。
◆He is working on a paper.他正在写论文。
(2)表示现阶段但不一定是讲话时正在进行的动作。
◆She is teaching English and learning Chinese.
她在教英语和学汉语。
(3)go、come、leave、start、take off、arrive at、run out等位移动词可用进行时代替将来时。
◆We are leaving for Shanghai on Friday.
我们星期五动身去上海。
(4)与always、often等频度副词连用，表示经常反复的行为或某种感情色彩。
◆The girl is always talking aloud in public.
这个女孩总是在公共场合大声说话。
◆Her group are always blaming each other. It's awful, isn't it?
她的团队总是互相指责。太可怕了，不是吗？
[名师点津] 下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时：
(1)表示心理状态、情感的动词：like、love、hate、care、remember、believe、want、
mind、wish、agree、mean、need等；
(2)表示存在状态的动词：appear、exist、lie、remain、seem、belong to等；
(3)表示行为结果的动词：allow、accept、permit、promise、admit、complete等；
(4)表示感官的动词：see、hear、notice、feel、smell、sound、taste、look等。
2．过去进行时
(1)过去进行时表示在过去某个时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
◆He was reading an interesting book this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候他正在读一本有趣的书。
(2)表示过去一个动作发生时另外一个动作正在进行。
◆She was watching TV when a burglar broke into her house.
当盗贼闯入她家时她正在看电视。
(3)表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作，有此用法的动词往往为位移动词，如 go、
begin、leave、arrive、come、return等。
◆I was coming to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.
我本打算那天晚些时候去看你，但是我不得不打电话取消了。
3．将来进行时
表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。
◆This time next week I'll be lying on the beach, enjoying the sunshine.下星期这个时候，我正躺在海滩上，享受着阳光。
考点三 现在完成时、过去完成时与现在完成进行时
1．现在完成时
(1)表示动作发生在过去，截止到目前已经完成或者对现在造成一定的影响。常见的时间
状语：
①表示“到目前为止”的短语：so far、by far、up to now、till now、by now等；
②表示“最近的”副词或者相关短语：lately、recently、in recent years等；
③表示“在过去……时间内”的短语：during/in/over the last(past) few years(months、
weeks...)等；
④表示“自从”的短语：ever since、since ＋ 过去的时间。
◆I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition.
自从萨拉很小的时候我就没再见过她，她已经变得认不出来了。
◆He moved here in 2016 and he has lived here ever since.
他于2016年搬到这里，从那之后他一直住在这里。
(2)现在完成时还可以用在时间、条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。
◆Please return the book to me when you have finished it.
当你读完这本书时请把它归还给我。
◆If you have done the experiment，you will realize the theory better.
如果你做了这个实验，你就会更好地理解这个理论。
(3)常见句型：
①“It is/has been＋时间段＋since...”意为“自从……已经多久了”。
◆It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university.
我大学毕业已经十年了。
②“This/It/That is the first/second/third/...time that...”意为“这/那是……第一/二/三/……
次……”，that从句要用现在完成时。
◆It is the first time that I have visited the city.
这是我第一次游览这座城市。
③“This is＋the＋形容词的最高级＋名词＋that...”结构，that从句要用现在完成时。
◆This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
[名师点津] 注意避免思维定势： “for＋时间段”不一定是现在完成时的标志。一定要看
语境强调是“该动作发生在过去，和现在没有联系”(一般过去时)，还是“该动作已经做完多长时间或对现在有一定影响”(现在完成时)。
◆Yang Zhenning lived in America for many years and now he lives in China.
杨振宁在美国生活多年，现在他生活在中国。
◆Dashan has lived in China for many years.
大山已经在中国居住了许多年。
2．过去完成时
(1)表示动作发生在“过去的过去”，截止到过去已经完成。常见的时间状语：by＋过去
的时间(by the end of、by the time、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语)。
◆By the end of last year, we had produced 20，000 cars.
到去年年底，我们已经生产了两万辆汽车。
◆By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had already graduated from
college.
杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
(2)表示意向的动词，如hope、wish、expect、think、intend、mean、suppose 等，用过去
完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。
◆We had planned to finish the work before dark，but we were held up by a heavy rain.
我们原计划天黑前完成工作，但被一场大雨耽搁了。
◆We had expected that you would be able to win the match.
我们原本预料你们能够赢得比赛。
(3)常见句型：
①“It was the first/second/...time that...”意为“这是第一/二……次……”
◆It was the second time that he had visited Beijing.
这是他第二次游览北京。
②在“hardly/scarcely...when...、no sooner...than...”句型中，主句常用过去完成时，意为
“一……就……”。当hardly、scarcely、no sooner置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。
◆We had no sooner been seated than the bus started.＝No sooner had we been seated than
the bus started.
我们刚坐下，公共汽车就开动了。
◆I had hardly opened the door when he hit me.
＝Hardly had I opened the door when he hit me.
我刚打开门，他就打了我。
3．现在完成进行时(1)常用来表示开始于过去某个时间、一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。
◆For days the kids have been looking for others we can help.
几天以来，孩子们一直在找我们能够帮助的其他人。
(2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
◆I have been calling him many times this morning，but there's no answer.
今天早晨我给他打了很多次电话，但是没人接。
考点四 一般将来时与过去将来时
1．一般将来时
(1)表示将来的动作或状态，常用 will/shall＋动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，
如tomorrow、next week等。
◆We will have a meeting tomorrow.
明天我们要开会。
◆We will die without air or water.
没有空气和水我们会死。
(2)be going to do在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事、必然或很可能发生的事，
也可用来表示自然现象。
◆Look at the cloud. It is going to rain.
瞧那乌云，天要下雨了。
(3)be to do sth.表示按计划或安排即将要做某事，或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。
◆We are to obey these rules when we go into the library.
当我们去图书馆时，我们要遵守这些规章制度。
(4)be about to do sth.表示即将要发生某事，该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用。
◆The train is about to leave.
火车即将发车。
2．过去将来时
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来预计以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，这种时态常
用于宾语从句中，主句常用一般过去时。
◆He always said that he would study hard at that time.
他总是说他那时会努力学习。
考点五 动词的被动语态
1．被动语态在各种时态中的运用
时态 被动语态的构成
一般现在时 am/is/are done一般过去时 was/were done
一般将来时 shall/will be done
现在进行时 am/is/are being done
过去进行时 was/were being done
现在完成时 have/has been done
过去完成时 had been done
将来完成时 shall/will have been done
◆To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
令我高兴的是，我从成百上千的申请者中当选来参加开幕仪式。
2．不能用被动语态的特殊动词
(1)系动词类(look、seem、feel、taste、sound、prove、appear等)。
The fish smells good. 这鱼闻起来很香。
(2)表示主语特征的词(read、wash、write、sell、wear、lock等)，常与not、hardly、well、
easily、badly、nicely等副词连用。
◆These novels won't sell well. 这些小说不会畅销。
◆My pen writes smoothly. 我的钢笔写得很流畅。
◆The door won't lock.门锁不上。
◆This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布料容易洗。
(3)不及物动词短词(break out、turn off、work out、belong to、take place、consist of等)。
◆Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years.
在过去的十年中我们的城市发生了很大变化。
◆The plan worked out successfully. 计划成功地实施了。
◆The lamps on the wall turned off. 墙上的灯熄灭了。
3．主动形式表示被动含义
(1)在need、want、require、deserve、bear等动词，worth等形容词的后面，动词ing形式
表示被动含义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
◆The house needs repairing/to be repaired.
这座房子需要修理。
(2)在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”中不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。这
些形容词有nice、easy、fit、hard、difficult、important、impossible、pleasant、interesting等。
◆The problem is difficult to work out.
这道题很难计算出来。模拟演练
时态
一、单选
1.The cost of living recently _____ steadily because of epidemic of COVID-19, leading some people to drop out of
the big city race.
A. is climbing B. is being climbed
C. has been climbing D. has been climbed
2.The _________ expression on her face showed that she _________ her teacher's explanation.
A.confusing; wouldn't quite understand
B.confused; hadn't quite understood
C.confusing; hadn't quite understood
D.confused; shouldn't quite understand
3.Our airconditioners sell well, but decades of years ago no one could have imagined such a big share in the market
that they ________ .
A. were to have B. were having C. have had D. had had
4.—I didn’t know you play the piano. It sounds wonderful!
—Thank you! I ______ it when I worked in the UK.
A. learn B. had learned C. have learned D. learned
5.I complained to the manager of the hotel about the poor service last night, but up to now, I ______ his reply.
A. didn’t receive B. haven’t received C. wouldn’t receive D. wasn’t receiving
6.The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _____ placed under the Minister’s car.
A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would
7.The foreign friends you referred to _______ looking forward to _______ around our university.
A. are; being shown B. being; being shown
C. being; showing D. are; be shown
8.Great changes ________ in ShenZhen in the past few years.
A. were taken place B. have taken place C. took place D. were happened
9.Look! A volunteer ________ an old lady cross the street.A. is helping B. was helping C.help D.helped
10.He is the only one of the students who ________elected.
A. are B. have been C. has been D. is being
11.A singer and dancer ________ present at the party.
A. were B. was C. has D. have
12.The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ________ around that level ever since.
A. are remaining B. has remained C. have remained D. is remaining
13.The building ________ since you________.
A. has constructed; have left B. constructed; left
C. has been constructed; left D. has been constructed; have left
14.If you study hard, you________ more options for your future.
A.has B.have C.had D. will have
15.—You look very tired. What's wrong with you?
—How bad luck today is! By the time I arrived at the airport, the plane________.
A. left B. was leaving C. has left D. had left
二、语法填空
16.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Maverick Francisco Oyao, a student at Western Mindanao State University in the Philippines, ①_____
(make) news headlines around the world after surprising his sister with a one-of-a–kind prom(舞会) dress
that he made ②_____ hand.
In early February, Maverick's sister, Lu Asey Keanna Oyao, wanted to attend the upcoming Prom.
Unfortunately, renting a dress was very expensive, and their parents ③_____ (simple) couldn't afford it. Keanna
was worried about it. Determined to make his sister's prom a ④_____ (memory) one, Maverick decided to
make her a unique princess dress ⑤_____ (he).
Maverick started watching YouTube tutorials(教程) and looking at Spring and Summer collections as
⑥_____ (inspire) for Keanna's dress design. Finally, Maverick managed to turn the design he ⑦_____ (set) on
paper into a reality. The blue dress he made for his sister fit her beautifully.
And when Maverick posted ⑧_____ (photo) of the making - of process as well as the finished dress, along
with the story of ⑨_____ it came to be, it went viral online, first in the Philippines, and then all over the world.
"It was a day ⑩_____ I will never forget because sleepless nights paid off" Oyao wrote on Facebook.
17. A simple badge(徽章) is playing an important role in helping lost seniors return home. By scanning a QRcode on a plastic badge, anyone with a smartphone can reach the person’s emergency contact ①_____(immediate).
"It’s efficient and ②_____(save) effort," said Li Caoliang, head of the Lei Feng police station in Fushun, Liaoning
province.
The idea came to Li and his ③_____(colleague) four years ago when dealing with more than 200 lost seniors in
a year. Some of the old people got lost because they had illnesses such as memory ④_____(lose) or Alzheimer’s.
They couldn’t tell their identity, address or phone number. Sometimes, the officers had to spend hours
⑤_____(try) to figure out who to call from vague descriptions by the lost seniors. In some cases, the lost seniors
had to stay overnight at the station before their families ⑥_____(contact). The number of lost seniors has dropped
to around 30 a year since ⑦_____ the police developed came into use.
China has 264 million old people, accounting ⑧_____ 18.7 percent of its population according to its seventh
population census ⑨_____(conduct) last year. Wang Jiajuan, ⑩_____ has long focused on improving public
services for an aging society, says the innovative QR code ID helps guarantee the travel safety of seniors.
语态
一、单选
1.If we use the new recycling method, a large number of trees __________.
A. will be saved B. will save C. are saved D. have saved
2.The moment she ________ the winner of the English speech competition, she jumped with joy.
A. declared B. is declared C. declares D. was declared
3.The author's latest book The Evening and The Morning sold millions of copies as soon as it______.
A. had published B. has been published C. was published D. published
4.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ each year.
A.is washing away B. is being washed away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
5.The manager found that his office _________ the day before.
A. had broken in B. has been broken into
C. had been broken into D. has been broken in
6.All his attention________ on what the teacher was saying, so he even didn't notice what was happening outsidethe classroom.
A. fixed B. was fixed C. was fixing D. has been fixed
,
7.On the last day of their week-long stay John, as well as his friends, ________ to attend a private concert on a
beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
A. invited B. was invited C. were invited D. had been invited
8.In the past many years, the giant panda ________ out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of
farming, deforestation and other development.
A. had been driven B. has been driven C. had driven D. has driven
9.The quality of a processed food largely ________ the raw material and the way it ________.
A. relies on; processes B. depends on; processes
C. decides on; is processed D. depends on; is processed
10.--Why don’t you ride your bicycle today?
--Oh, it broke down. It ______ now.
A. is being repaired B. is repaired
C. was repaired D. will be repaired
11.___________ to compete in the Olympic Games for the first time?
A. When do you suppose women were allowed
B. When do you suppose women allowed
C. When do you suppose were women allowed
D. Do you suppose when women were allowed
12.After he retired from office, Rogers _________ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.
A. took up B. saved up C. kept up D. drew up
13.—Can he get the first prize for running in this sports meeting?
—Impossible now. He ______ to do so, but he hurt his leg yesterday.
A. is expected B. had been expected
C. was expected D. would expect
14.A great number of colleges and universities _____ since 1949.
A. has been establish B. have been established
C. have established D. had been established
15.Now a lot of new technology can ________ problems in industry.
A. be applied to solve B. be applied to solvingC. apply to solve D. apply to solving
二、语法填空
16. Years ago, a documentary series titled Masters in the Forbidden City ①_________(release) in China and
soon became a hot topic, bringing the profession of cultural relic(文物) restoration into the public spotlight. Given
China's long history and rich collections, ②_________ takes years of experience and a deep understanding of
history to become a qualified restorer. ③_________ backstage heroes, many of them have devoted their lives to
protecting cultural relics.
In the Hubei Provincial Museum, Fang Guorong, 62, and Fang Chen, 32, jointly lift a 12-kilogram bronze
object, ④_________ attempt to restore a huge and ancient chime bell(编钟). They both work as relic restorers at
the museum. The chime bell they are taking care of is the ⑤_________ (heavy) one ever preserved there.
Fang Guorong has been engaged in restoration work for over 40 years. He enjoys it, ⑥_________ (treasure)
every touch of the bells. According to Fang Guorong, some chime bells were thought too damaged to be restored.
But ⑦_________ (fortunate) , digital technologies like 3D scanning have been used ⑧_________ (preserve)
them. "That's something the older generation couldn't even dream of," he says.
Fang Chen began working in the museum in 2014. He has acquired new technologies his elder workmates may
find quite ⑨_________ (challenge). "The restoration work should also keep pace with advances in technology,"
says Fang Chen. "This doesn't mean overturning traditional methods. It's about the ⑩_________ (combine) of old
and new methods. "
17.阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Any community is composed of ①_____（individual）.Naturally, it matters a great deal to our
communities that we have a sense of responsibility towards them.
People living in the same area should ②_____（consider）a group under a duty to create a
comfortable living environment for the whole community. Reaching this goal ③_____（require）a sense
of responsibility among all residents, which encourages them to start ④_____ small steps, such as to avoid
making excessive noise that disturbs their neighbors. Moreover, a sense of collective responsibility among us
students contributes to a warm and friendly atmosphere，⑤_____ we respect and help each other. It will
⑥_____（ultimate）be constructive to our academic and moral progress. After we graduate from college
and get ⑦_____（employ）.we will find ourselves in a new community made up of colleagues. A sense
of community responsibility, also ⑧_____（know）as team spirit in the workplace, will be the key to
forming ⑨_____ united group towards a common goal in close cooperation with each other.In conclusion, a sense of community responsibility is worth developing ⑩_____ it plays a significant role in
living, learning and working.
真题演练
【2022年】
1（2022 新高考 I 卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________
(be)previously unprotected,
2（2022 新高考 I 卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP
__________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural
ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural
assets(资产)for future generations”.
3（2022新高考II卷）Henry __________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams.
4（2022新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly __________ (throw) his
tools aside, and started running, arms out.
5（2022 年浙江卷 1 月）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane
________（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
6（2022年浙江卷1月）But Cobb and others ________ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences
to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________（change） their personal behavior to do their part
in dealing with the climate change crisis.
7（2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics —many
of them climate scientists __________ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years
ago.
【2021年】1．（2021·天津卷）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break.
A．have done B．will do C．had done D．were doing
2．（2021·天津卷）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would
take a lifetime to see everything.
A．were displaying B．are displaying
C．were being displayed D．are being displayed
3. （2021·全国甲卷语法填空）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's
long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely
restored (修复).
…….
We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
4. （2021·全国甲卷短文改错） They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, whenever in trouble,
we should seek help from those we trust most.
5. （2021·全国1卷语法填空）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering
how hard it ____61____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
6. （2021·浙江卷语法填空）It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but
Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to
the public.
…….
When the house was built, it was much smaller than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home
___40___ （paint）white.
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient
Chinese moon goddess 61 ． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
2.（2020·新课标I卷）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,＂because it 67 ． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 ． (construct) .＂
3．（2020·新课标II卷）Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, I have long
been out of practice.
4．（2020·新课标III卷）The artist was sure he would 63 ． (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece
to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed.
5．（2020·新课标III卷） 6 5 （ When/A s ） he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could
find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66 ． (point) down the river.
6.（2020·浙江卷）And，as more children were born，more food 59 ． (need).
7.（2020·浙江卷）By about 6000 BC，people 61 ． (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
8.（2020·浙江卷）New methods 65 ． (mean)that fewer people worked in farming.
9.（2020·山东卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 ． (form) the core
collection of the British Museum 39 （ which/that ） opened in 1759.
10.（2020·山东卷）The parts of a museum open to the public 40 ． (call) galleries or rooms.
11．（2020·天津卷）—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.
A．have been practising B．was practising
C．would practise D．had practised
12．（2020·天津卷）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that
level since.
A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained13.（2020·江苏卷）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______
everyone.
A. suit B. suited C. suits D. has suited
14.（2020·江苏卷）Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again.
A. had expected B. have expected C. would expect D. expect
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】 The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last
three months.
A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give
2.【2019·江苏卷】A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the
people and culture there.
A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell
3.【2019·江苏卷】They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer
Olympics.
A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed
4.【2019·天津卷】I ______ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn't manage
it.
A. had hoped B. am hoping
C. have hoped D. would hope
5.【2019·天津卷】Amy, as well as her brothers, ____________ a warm welcome when returning to the
village last week.
A. is given B. are given
C. was given D. were given6.【2019·新课标I卷】 Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six
___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
7.【2019·新课标II卷】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she
had no plans __to retire__ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
8.【2019·新课标II卷】I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all
the friends I ___66___(make) over the years
9.【2019·新课标II卷】And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
10.【2019·新课标III卷】Our hosts shared many of their experiences and___65___(recommend)wonderful
places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in
the backyard.
11.【2019·新课标 III 卷】On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 (invite)to attend a private
concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars
【2018年】
1.【2018·北京】—Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around?
—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.
A. start B. have started C. started D. had started
2.【2018·北京】 Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I
visited her last year.
A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked
3.【2018·北京】China’s high-speed railways ________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few
years.
A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown4.【2018·北京】A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two
days.
A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped
5.【2018·天津】My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A. was repaired B. is repaired
C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
6.【2018·江苏】 Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we _______ more
convenient electronic communication tools by then.
A. have developed B. had developed
C. will have developed D. developed
7.【2018·江苏】I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two
years.
A. had been carried out B. would be carried out
C. is being carried out D. has been carried out
8.【2018·新课标卷I】While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be)
more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming.
9.【2018·新课标卷I】During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit my
grandparents. I find a big change there.
9.【2018·新课标卷II】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country
___61___（grow）more corn than rice.
10.【2018·新课标卷 II】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the
government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to
farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.11.【2018·新课标卷II】True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me no
real harm.
【2017年】
1.【2017·天津卷】I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
A. was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove
2.【2017·江苏卷】He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _______.
A. was being followed B. was following
C. had been followed D. followed
3.【2017·江苏卷】He’s been informed that he _______ for the scholarship because of his academic
background.
A. hasn’t qualified B. hadn’t qualified
C. doesn’t qualify D. wasn’t qualifying
4.【2017·北京卷】 People______ better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as
a result.
A. will have B. have C. had D. had had
5.【2017·北京卷】 In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones
_______ yet.
A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented
6.【2017·北京卷】—______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A. Did you call B. Have you called
C. Will you call D. Were you calling
7.【2017· 江苏】The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highlypraised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
8.【2017·天津卷】 Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _______ as one of the best all-
round forms of exercise.
A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】Jack ________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.
A. works B. has worked C. was working D. would work
2.【2016·北京】—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars. We ________ here for more than two hours.
A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting D. have been waiting
3.【2016·北京】 I ________ half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.
A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read
4.【2016·北京】The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with
success in the end.
A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded
5.【2016·江苏】More efforts, as reported, ______in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural
reform.
A. are made B. will be made C. are beingmade D. have been made
6.【2016·江苏】Dashan, who_________crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it
upwith the Western stand-up tradition.
A.will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learning
7.【2016·天津】When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _____ for years.A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see
8.【2016·浙江】Silk ______ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
A. had become B. was becoming C. has become D.is becoming
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