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易错点 07 动词的时态和语态
目 录
01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】一般过去时和过去完成时易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点
【易错点提醒四】主动语态与被动语态易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点。
【分析】
一般现在时 常与always，often，sometimes，usually等连用或通过上下文表示。
常与时间状语连用，或者通过上下文逻辑意思及动词时态来体现。
一般过去时 连用时间状语：last week, in 2021, 3 days ago, the other day, in the
past
强调对现在造成的结果和影响，通常与时间段连用。
现在完成时
连用时间状语：so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now
【高考链接】
（2023年浙江卷1月）The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen
often________ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).
易错分析：对一般规则死记硬背，不具体分析句子结构和句意。在时态题中，上下文的时态暗
示是重要线索。应当在句中瞻前顾后寻找并列连词 and, but, or, rather than, or, not only...but
also...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态。
【答案】featured
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合and后
动词时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。
易错陷阱2：一般过去时和过去完成时易混易错点。
【分析】
一般过去时 过去的动作或情况。
过去的动作或时间之前发生的事。
过去完成时
连用时间状语：by the end of+过去时间，before+过去时间。
1.下列动词hope、 wish、 expect、 think、 intend、 mean、 suppose
等，用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。
2.This/It/That was the first/second/third ... time that ...表示“这/那是(某人)第
特殊用法
几次做某事”，that从句中要用过去完成时。
3.hardly ... when ...和no sooner ... than ...两个句型中，主句均用过去完成
时。
易错陷阱3：现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点。
【分析】
现在完成时 连用时间状语so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now
过去的动作或时间之前发生的事。即“过去的过去”，句中必须出现表
过去完成时
示过去的动作、状态或时间状语。
He has been ill for two weeks。他已经病了两个星期了。
对比 He had been ill for two weeks before she came back。
在她回来之前，他已经病了两个星期了。
易错陷阱4：主动语态和被动语态易混易错点。
【分析】
受母语干扰，翻译上下文时混淆被动语态与主动语态。
混淆谓语动词被动语态构词be+done与非谓语动词重点过去分词done。
不及物动词及表示主语品质和状态的动词不用被动语态，如：sell, read, write, lock, wash,
drive等。
系动词不用被动语态，如：look看起来, smell闻起来, taste尝起来, sound听起来, feel摸
起来, prove证明时, turn out结果，证明等。【易错点提醒一】 一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点
【例1】 （2023年新高考II卷） As a little girl, I ___ __ ___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew
up.
【变式1】 (2022年全国高考新高考I卷) The plan will extend protection to a significant number
of areas that ____ ___ _ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for
giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in
management.
【变式2】 （广东省湛江市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）The bridge (call) the
Bach Long suspension bridge. It means “White Dragon” in Vietnamese.
【变式3】 （广东省六校2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）Panda conservation, on its own,
_____ __ (be) a success up to now.
【易错点提醒二】 一般过去时和过去完成时易混易错点
【例2】 （广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三开学试题） He raised a glass of water and asked
the audience, “How heavy do you think this glass of water is?” The students’ answers
(range) from 20g to 500g.
【变式1】 （广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题）Noting China’s achievements of
green development in urban and rural areas, Zhang Xiaohong, vice minister of housing and urban-rural
development, ___( stress) the difficult task of saving energy and reducing carbon emissions in
urban and rural construction at a press conference on Monday.
【变式2】（湖南省百所学校2023-2024学年高三联考试题）Since the Chinese highly qualified
silk_________(make) its fame to the western countries, the merchants sought the opportunity of
trading Chinese silk along this route and gained a great fortune.【变式 3】（河北省 2023-2024 学年高三试题） In fact, there is a Lanzhou Beef Noodles
restaurant right downstairs, which is about 100 yards from our Beijing apartment, My niece Kim
came to visit us in Beijing this summer, and after visiting many fancy restaurants, she declared this
bowl of noodles to be the best thing she (eat) in China ever.
【易错点提醒三】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点
【例3】（2019年新课标全国卷Ⅱ）I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends
I_____ （make）over the years.
【变式1】（湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2023-2024年高三试题）On a website called No Fly Climate
Sci, for example,roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists （promise）
to fly as
【变式2】（江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年度高三调研试题）By Aug 19, Haihua Island
_____ (receive) over 1 million tourists during the summer vacation.
【变式 3】（2024 届河北省百师联盟高三联考）He mentioned that the Chinese market is
significant for jade products, and his business (operate) in China for 10 years.
【易错点提醒四】 主动语态和被动语态易混易错点
【例4】（河北省任丘市第一中学2023年高三试题）Wudang martial arts based on the Taoist
ideology (create) by one of the most famous Taoists, named Zhang Sanfeng in the early
years of the Ming Dynasty.
【变式1】（2024届辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校一模试题）Today, the modernist complex
(stock) with so many art works that the exhibit arenas can show just a part of them at a time, making
the artistic special exhibitions a highlight of any visit to the Getty.
【变式 2】 （福建省宁德第一中学 2023-2024学年高三检测试题）The choice of “Turret of
Palace Museum” as the theme for the mini building block project (base) on several factors.【变式 3】 （广东省湛江市第一中学 2023-2024 学年高三试题）The reinforced glass
(use) for the bridge can hold up to 450 people at a time.
1. (2022 年全国高考新高考 I 卷语法填空) After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be
officially set up next year. The GPNP ___ __ ___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting
the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity,
protecting ecological buffer zones,and leaving behind precious natural assets( 资 产 )for future
generations”.
2.（2023年广东省佛山市顺德区均安中学高三拉练试题 ）An all-time favorite dish and symbol
of springtime in Zhejiang is Yan Du Xian, a delicious soup (make) with fresh spring bamboo
shoots, cured pork and fresh pork.
3.（福建省泉州市2023年高三四地联考试题）Deep in a rainforest in Hainan province, Zhang
Chenliang picks up a daddy longlegs (长腿蜘蛛) and (present) it to the camera, explaining
its features and living habits for the benefit of viewers on a short video platform.
4.（福建省泉州市2023年高三四地联考试题）He loved going to his grandmother’s home in the
countryside, where the fields (be) bursting with vegetables and reeds (芦苇).
5.（2024届辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校一模试题）Working with a billion-dollar budget, he
combined them to create a work of architecture that can excite visitors as much as the art collection
inside (do).
6.（辽宁省重点高中2023-2024学年高三10月试题） Volunteer travel dates back to the 1960s,
when Alec Dickson and his wife Mora from the UK____ (found) Voluntary Service Overseas
(VSO), an international volunteer organization.
7.（河北省任丘市第一中学 2023 年高三试题）Apart from the mental relief of people’s mind,
another major aspect of Taoist influence on Chinese culture (be) its influence on martial
arts.
8.（河北省石家庄市2023-2024学年石家庄市一中高三试题）The solar terms (create)
thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. Solar term culture is still useful today to guidepeople’s lives.
9.（江苏省连云港外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题） Carson proves that a simple literal form
that has been passed down through the ages can still (employ) today to draw attention to
important truths.
10.（江苏省南京市五校2023年高三联考试题）“The on-loan program (highlight) close
partnerships and scientific cooperation between China and other countries.
11.（江苏省南京外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）Last November, traditional tea processing
techniques and associated social practices in China (add) to the UNESCO Representative
List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
12.（江苏省南京外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）“For centuries, the scent of tea leaves
(offer) nutrition to this land. This intangible cultural heritage of tea processing techniques is deeply
rooted in people’s everyday life.”
13.（江苏省灌南高级中学2023-2024学年高三试卷）Consequently, cybercrime coming in many
different forms______ (become) a huge problem in recent years.
14.（江苏省灌南高级中学 2023-2024 学年高三试卷）Cybercriminals took advantage of a
weakness in a server,______ (assess) the company’s files and demanded a large sum of money.
15.（江苏省连云港高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题） At the entrance to the villages, a grand
“torch tower”, standing more than 20 metres high and made of pine branches and dry firewood,
(decorate) with fresh flowers and fruits.
