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2023 年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清
状语从句
1
考点复习
考点一 时间状语从句
when/while/as引导的时间状语从句
一、when引导的时间状语从句
1. when引导的时间状语从句,其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词,也可以是瞬间性动作的动词,而
且可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或者从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。
When you apply for a job, you must present your credentials. 当你申请工作时,你必须递交你的有关证件。
(同时)
When the students heard the teacher’s footsteps, they all atopped talking. 当学生们听到老师的脚步声时,
他们都停止了讲话。(从句动作发生在前)
2. when还可表示just then(正在那时,突然)的意思,此时其所引导的从句只放在主句之后。
be about to do ... when ... 正要去做某事,突然……
be doing ... when ... 正在做某事,突然……
be on the point of doing ... when ... 正在做某事,突然……
We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要动身,突然天下起雨来。
The game had hardly/scarcely/barely begun when it started raining. 比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。
二、while引导的时间状语从句
while表示"在某一段时间里"或"在……期间",其所引导的从句的动作是延续性的,并侧重表示和
主句的动作同时发生。
When the teacher paraphrased the text in English, the students listened attentively and took notes. 当老师用
英语解释课文时,学生们聚精会神地听并做着笔记。
I can learn while I work. 我可以边工作边学习。
三、as引导的时间状语从句
as引导的时间状语从句其动词的动作是延续性的,而且侧重表示主句和从句的动作交替或同时发生,
译为"一边……,一边……"或"随着……"。
We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. 她梳头时我们在吃早饭。It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front passes. 寒流一过,星期日就会有点暖意了。
【典例分析】
1.(2016· 全国新课标卷III·语法填空)Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food
into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
【参考答案】as/when
【答案解析】考查时间状语从句。句意:随着人口的增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一
点,这里是时间状语从句,when意为"当……的时候",后跟长动作或短动作,故填as/when。
2. It’s much easier to make friends ________ you have similar interests.
A. unless B. when C. even though D. so that
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查状语从句。由句意"当你们兴趣相投时,交朋友就容易多了"可知,这里应该用 when
引导时间状语从句。
before引导的时间状语从句
一、before的常见意思
1. before"在……之前"。
I have finished my dissertation before my supervisor went abroad. 在我的导师出国之前,我已完成了我的学位
论文。
I’ll be back before you have left. 你离开之前我就会回来。
2. before"……之后才"。
It may be many years before we meet again. 可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。
It was three days before he came back. 他三天后才回来。
3. before "尚未来得及 "
Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar. 她还没有来得及动弹,就听见有很
响的声音,接着就成了可怕的隆隆轰鸣声。
Before they reached the house, a new great wave came, sweeping down trees, and sweeping them down too. 他 们
还没到屋子,又一个巨浪打来,冲倒了树,也冲倒了他们。
4. before "要……先……"
You should be a pupil before you become a teacher. 要当老师,先作学生。
5. before"趁……"
You should do it before it is too late. 趁现在还不算太晚,你应该赶快做它。
二、掌握热点句型用法1. it was(not)/had done+一段时间+before(vt-ed)…"还要过多久才……(不多久就……了)"
It was not long before he returned to Beijing. 不久他就回到北京。
It was long before he married Wei Fang. 过了很久他才娶魏芳。
2.it will(not)be+一段时间+before(一般式)… "还要过多久才……(不多久就……了)"
It will be long before he goes abroad. 要过很久他才出国。
3.there is +一段时间+to go(=left)+before(一般式)... "在……之前"
4.long before "不久前", 用于一般过去时和完成时中;before long = soon/not long after "不久后",用于
一般将来时和一般过去时中。
【典例分析】
1. We need to get to the root of the problem ______________ we can solve it.
A. while B. after
C. before D. as
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查时间状语从句的连接词。句意:在我们解决问题之前,我们需要找到问题的根源。A.
while当……的时候,而;B. after在……之后;C. before 在……之前;D. as正如。根据句意可知选C。
2. It ________ long before we ________ the result of the experiment.
A. will not be;will know B. is;will know
C. will not be;know D. is;know
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】句意:不会过很长一段时间我们就会知道实验结果。应使用It was not long before的创新句型
It will not be long before,before引导时间状语从句时,从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导的时间状语从句
as soon as 是最常见的表示"一……就……"的从属连词,其他连词还有once(一旦),directly(老
式英国英语),immediately(主要用于英国英语),instantly,the instant (that),the minute(that) ,the
moment(that)等,它们通常都可与as soon as换用。
As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. 我们一到家,电话就响了。
I recognized her immediately I saw her. 我一看见她就认出她来了。
Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet. 老师一进来,大家就静了下来。
hardly...when/no sooner...than引导的时间状语从句
hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是"刚……就",它们所引导的从句中的谓语动
词通常为过去完成时。He had no sooner (no sooner had he) arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚一到
家,就又要他出另一次差。
★ hardly/barely/scarcely和no sooner置于句首时,从句要倒装。
No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent. 这些话刚一出口,
他就意识到自己应该保持沉默。
since引导的时间状语从句
在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时,主句的谓语动词
通常为现在完成时。
We’ve never met since we graduated from the college. 大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走了以后,这里发生了巨大的变化。
【典例分析】
1.(2017·天津卷·完形填空)She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 4 2
they first saw the homeless man.
A. since B. unless C. although D. as
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】考查连词。A. since自从;B. unless 除非;C. although尽管;D. as因为。句意:自从他们第
一次看到无家可归的人,Hannah就一直在跟她的妈妈说流浪者的生活,根据句意可知选A。
2. I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad.
A. since B. until C. before D. when
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】考查状语从句。题干中主句谓语动词用现在完成时,从句中谓语动词用一般过去时,由题干
意思可知所填词意思是:自从,因此用since引导时间状语从句。句意:自从我从国外回来后,我已经听
说了很多关于你的好事。
till/until引导的时间状语从句
till和until同义,作"直到……时(为止)"解,till多用于非正式文体,until多用于句首。
Donald will remain in college until (till) he finishes his Ph.D course. 唐纳德将留在学校直到完成他的博士
学位课程。
I won’t go with you until (till) I finished my homework. 等我做完作业我才和你一起去。
注意:
not until 置于句首,主句要倒装。Not until 4:00 in the morning can he fall asleep.
直到凌晨4点他才睡着。(He can’t fall asleep until 4:00 in the morning.)
Not until he returned did we have supper.
直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。 (We didn’t have supper until he returned.)
【典例分析】
(2017·北京卷·单项填空)If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other
people _______ you figure it out.
A. because B. though C. until D. since
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】A. because 因为 B. though尽管 C. until 直到 D. since自从。句意:如果你无法理解某
个东西,你可能会去研究,学习并和他人探讨直到你解决为止,根据句意可知选用until"直到",选C。
each time/every time等引导的时间状语从句
这类连词主要有every time(每次),each time(每次),(the) next time(下次),any time(随时),(the) last
time(上次),the first time(第一次), by the time(当……的时候)。如:
You can call me any time you want to. 你随时都可以给我打电话。
Each time I went there, I saw him working. 我每次去那儿都看见他在工作。
Every time I see her I’ll think of it. 每次我看到她,我就想起这事。
Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来,请关门。
He didn’t tell me the last time I saw him. 我上次见到他时他没告诉我。
The first time I heard about the firm closing down was when George told me.
我最初听到公司倒闭的消息是乔治告诉我的。
By the time, he was taken to the hospital he was nearly dead.
他被送到医院时已经几乎不行了。
注意:every time, each time, any time前不用冠词,(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略,
而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
考点二 让步状语从句
让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种。一般翻译为"尽管……即使……"就是我们日常生活中用的"退
一步说……"的感觉。
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:though, although, as; even if, even though; whether...or...;
no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever。下面对这些连词引导的让步状语从句作一说明。
1. although/though引导的让步状语从句although和though,都作"虽然;尽管"解,通常可以换用,although的语气较重。如果要强调"但是
"语气,可使用yet,still或nevertheless来表示"但是"、"依然"或"然而"之意。
Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him.
虽然和她谈了半天,他还是不能让她信任自己。
【典例分析】
We had to wait half an hour ________we had already booked a table.
A. since B. although C. until D. before
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】句意:尽管我们已经预定了桌子,但还是等了半小时。分析句子结构可知,此处是让步状语
从句,所给四个选项中只有although可以引导让步状语从句。故选B。
2. even if/even though引导的让步状语从句
(1)even if引导的让步状语从句
even if "即使,纵然",从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。
Even if it rains tomorrow, we won’t change our plan. 即使明天下雨,我们也决不改变计划。
Even if I failed again, I will not give up the experiment. 即使我再次失败,我也决不会放弃实验。
(2)even though引导的让步状语从句
even though"虽然,尽管",从句所表示的是已经发生的动作或存在的情况,通常可以
和although/though换用。
Even though I didn’t understand a word, I kept smiling. 即使我一个字也不懂,我还是保持微笑。
Even though you say so, I do not believe it. 即使你这样说,我也不信。
【典例分析】
(2016·北京卷· 单项填空)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _______________ he’s in his
nineties.
A. as long as B. as if C. even though D. in case
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查状语从句。句意:即使九十多岁了,我的爷爷仍然时不时地打打网球。A. as long as只
要,引导条件状语从句;B. as if似乎,引导方式状语从句或表语从句;C. even though即使,引导让步状
语从句;D. in case以防,引导目的状语从句。这里是转折关系,故选C。
3. as引导的让步状语从句
as引导让步状语从句时,意为"尽管,虽然",从句多位于主句之前,而且必须使用倒装语序。通常
如果从句中有形容词或名词作表语,则把表语置于句首,而且名词前要省略冠词;如果从句中有修饰动词的副词,则将该副词置于句首;如果从句中有情态动词,则将情态动词后的动词原形置于句首。此用法与
though的倒装完全一致。(although无此用法)
Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely. 我虽然佩服他的勇气,但我认为他这样做是不聪明
的。
Strong as you maybe, you cannot lift it. 虽然你可能很有力气,你却无法把它提起来。
Child as he is, he is very brave. 尽管他还是个孩子,但是他很勇敢。
【典例分析】
1._________, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound
2._________, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.
A. Try as she might B. As she might try
C. She might as try D. Might she as try
【参考答案】1. D 2. A
【答案解析】分析句子结构可知,以上两题都是有as引导的让步状语从句,因此要要倒装语序。
4. while引导的让步状语从句
while"虽然,尽管",多用于正式文体,且多位于句首,相当于although。
While I understand your point of view, I do not share it. 我虽了解你的观点,但不敢苟同。
While I sympathize, I really can’t do very much to help. 虽然我很同情,但我确实帮不了什么忙。
【典例分析】
(2016· 浙江卷· 单项填空)_____________ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects
have been positive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】句意:尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但不是所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步
状语从句,意为"尽管,虽然";since既然,自从;after在……之后;unless除非。故选C。
5. 疑问词-ever与no matter+疑问词引导的让步状语从句
(1)whatever/no matter what引导的让步状语从句
whatever和no matter what用法相同,都作"无论什么"解,后者多用于非正式文体。
Whatever/No matter what he says, don’t go. 不管他说什么,你都不要走。
We are determined to fulfill the task, whatever/no matter what happens. 不管发生什么,我们决心完成这项任务。(2) whichever/no matter which引导的让步状语从句
whichever和no matter which用法相同,都作"无论哪个"解,后者多用于非正式文体。
Whichever/No matter which you buy, there is a six-month guarantee. 不论你买哪个,都有六个月的保修期。
Whichever/No matter which of the two men had stolen her purse, Barbara was determined to find them. 不管
是这两个人中的谁偷了她的钱包,芭芭拉都决心找到他们。
(3)whoever/no matter who引导的让步状语从句
whoever和no matter who用法相同,都作"无论谁"解,后者多用于非正式文体。
You can’t come in, whoever you are. 不管你是谁,都不能进来。
Whoever/No matter who wants to speak to me on the phone, tell him I’m busy. 不管谁要我接电话,就说我
现在正忙着呢。
(4) wherever/no matter where引导的让步状语从句
wherever和no matter where用法相同,都作"无论在(或到)哪里"解,后者多用于非正式文体。
Wherever/No matter where you go, I’m right here waiting for you. 无论你到哪里,我都依然在这里等着你。
(5)however/no matter how引导的让步状语从句
however和no matter how用法相同,都作"无论如何……"解,后者多用于非正式文体。
However much you regret doing that, there is nothing you can do about it now. 无论你可能多么懊悔你曾经
做过的事,现在也无济于事了。
However high it may be, it can’t reach the sky. 它不论有多高,也高不到天上去。
(6) whenever/no matter when引导的让步状语从句
whenever和no matter when用法相同,都作"无论何时"解,后者多用于非正式文体。
Whenever I’m unhappy, he cheers me up. 不管什么时候我不高兴,他都给我鼓劲儿。
【典例分析】
1._________, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】句意:无论故事多么有趣,这个星期我都得把它放起来而专注学习。分析句子结构及选项可
知,此处应是however引导的让步状语从句。选项中no matter how所引导的状语从句语序不正确。故选
C。
2. You should try to get a good night’s sleep ________ much work you have to do.A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】句意:无论有多么多的工作要做,你都应该晚上睡好。分析句子结构可知,"________
much work you have to do"是让步状语从句,此处表示"多么",且修饰形容词much应用however。故
选A。
6. (no matter) whether...or引导的让步状语从句
由这一个复合连词引导的让步状语从句旨在说明正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。
如:
You’ll have to attend the ceremony whether you’re free or busy. 不管你忙不忙,都要参加这个典礼。
Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.无论你是否相信,这都是真的。
【典例分析】
— Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.
— Good, and ___________ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.
A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】句意:——爸爸,我的作业完成了。——好,无论你玩耍还是看电视,都不能打扰我。根据
语境可知,此处是whether…or…引导的让步状语从句。故选B。
考点三 原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常用的连词是 because, since, as , now that
(既然)等,for 表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语气不如because强。
1. because引导的原因状语从句
because表示人们不知道的直接的原因或理由,着重点在从句,其所引导的从句,为全句句意的中心所
在。通常用于回答why引出的疑问句,语气最强,除特别强调外,该从句一般位于主句后面。
I didn’t go abroad with her because I couldn’t afford it.
我没有和她一起出国是因为费用太高。
Don’t scamp your work because you are pressed for time.
不要因为时间仓促而马马虎虎。
【典例分析】
I wonder whether his hearing is okay ___________ he has turned the television up very loud.
A. unless B. although C. until D. because
【答案】 D【解析】句意:我想知道他的听力是否还好,因为他把电视的声音开得很大。A. unless除非;B. although
虽然;C. until直到;D. because因为。结合句意可知选D。
2. as引导的原因状语从句
as引导的原因状语从句所引出的理由在说话人开来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要强调,
从句多位于主句之前,通常可以和since换用,as语气稍弱。
As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman. 我不认识路,因而问警察。
As it is snowing, we shall not climb the mountain. 由于在下雪,我们不去爬山了。
1.___________ you weren’t there, I left a message.
A.As B.When C.Though D.For
【答案】A
【解析】句意:因为你不在那儿,所以我给你留言了。此处应用 as引导原因状语从句,故选A。when引
导时间状语从句;though引导让步状语从句;for用作并列连词表原因时不能位于句首。
2. When my father goes somewhere, he always goes along with my mother, _____________ he doesn’t
like going alone.
A.though B.as C.while D.even if
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我爸爸去一些地方时总是和我妈妈一起,因为他不喜欢一个人去。此处用as引导原因状语
从句。though"尽管";while"当……时";even if"尽管"。
3. since引导的原因状语从句
since表示人们已知的事实,不许强调的原因,故常译为"既然……",通常位于主句前。since从句
是次要的,重点强调主句的内容,相当于now that。
Since traveling by air is much faster, they decided to take a plane.
既然乘飞机旅行快得多,他们就决定坐飞机。
Since you won’t help me, I’ll ask someone else.你既然不帮我,那我就请别人帮忙。
【典例分析】
Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
A. unless B. until C. although D. since
【答案】D
【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。his company is opening a branch in Beijing是学习汉语的原因。unless除非;
until直到……为止;although尽管;since由于,自从。在句中since是"由于"的意思。句意:马克需要学习汉语,因为他的公司要在北京开分公司。
4. now(that)引导的原因状语从句
now(that)"因为;既然",通常可以和since换用。其中that可省去,用来表示一种新的情况,再加以
推论。
Now(that) you’ve passed your test you can drive on your own. 你既已考试合格,就可以独自开车了。
I do remember, now (that) you mention it. 你这一提,我倒的确想起来了。
【典例分析】
________ the term has come to an end, I am going to take a trip for relaxation.
A. Now that B. Even if C. As though D. So
that
【答案】A
【解析】句意:既然这个学期已经结束了,我打算去旅行放松一下。now that既然,引导原因状语从句,
符合句意。
5. seeing (that)引导的原因状语从句
seeing (that)"鉴于;由于",通常用于非正式文体。
Seeing (that) the weather is bad,we’ll stay at home.天气不好,我们还是呆在家里吧。
6. in that引导的原因状语从句
in that"因为;基于……的理由",可以和because换用,多用于正式文体,它所引导的原因状语从句
总是位于主句之后。
Advertisement is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message
to be delivered. 广告不同于其他交际形式,因为登广告的人要为其所提供的信息付费。
I’m in a slightly awkward position, in that he’s not arriving until 10th.
我的处境有点难堪,因为他要十号才来。
【典例分析】
The Chinese language ________ Western languages ________, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which
stand for ideas, objects or ideas.
A. differs from; in which B. is different from; in that
C. differs from; in what D. is different from; in where
【参考答案】B
【试题解析】考查动词短语和连词。表示"与……不同"可以用differ from…或be different from…;in that
是固定连词,引导原因状语从句,表示"由于,因为",故选B项。
考点四 地点状语从句
一、where引导的地点状语从句1.从属连词where表示"在(或到)……的地方"。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
Put it where you found it. 把它放在原来的地方。
2. where 在地点状语从句中,除指地点外,还可指处境等。
He said he was happy where he was. 他说他对自己的处境很满意。
It’s your fault that she is where she is. 她今天落到这个地步都怪你。
3. 有时地点状语从句中的某些词可以省略。
Fill in the blanks with the given phrases. Change the form where necessary. 用所给的短语填空,必要的地方
可以改变其形式。
Avoid structure of this kind where possible. 只要可能,就要避免这种结构。
【典例分析】
1. (天津市南开中学2019届高三年级模拟考试)How come? I can’t find my key. I just left it ________ it had
been.
A. where B. which
C. when D. how
【答案】A
【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意:怎么可能?我找不到钥匙了。我刚把它放在原来的地方。结合句意可
知此处是where引导的地点状语从句,故选A。
2. ________ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
A. Where B. As C. In case D. Now that
【答案】A
【解析】句意:曾经让他感到想放弃的地方,现在他决心继续前进。A那里;B尽管,当,因为,随着;
C以防;D既然。where表示地点,引导让步状语从句;as引导让步状语从句常用倒装,即tried as he has;
in case表目的;now that表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方,故选A。
二、wherever引导的地点状语从句
从属连词wherever意为"在(或到)……的各个地方"。
You can go wherever(anywhere) you like these days. 这些天你可以去你想去的地方。
Where (Everywhere) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed. 专家们每到一处,都受到热烈的欢迎。
【典例分析】
In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ________ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities
around the world.
A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whichever
【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。句意:在全球经济中,一种治疗癌症的新药,不管在哪里被发现,都会在世界
范围内创造很多的经济可能性。分析句子结构可知,空格后的主要成分完整,缺少的是状语,所以
wherever 意为"无论哪里",符合题意。whatever 意为"无论什么";whoever 意为"无论谁";
whichever意为"无论哪个"。
考点五 目的状语从句
1. in order that引导的目的状语从句
in order that"为了;以便"。多用于正式文体,通常可以与so that换用。☆
They stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake. 他们在杭州停了下来,以便游
览西湖。
The expert spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand. 专家讲得很慢,以便人人都能听得懂。
2. so (that)引导的目的状语从句
so that"为了;以便"。so that通常可以与in order that换用,它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句
之后,在非正式文体中,常省略that。
Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要讲得清楚,他们才可能听得懂。
She wanted tea ready at seven so she could be out by eight. 她想让茶点在七点钟以前就备好,这样她八点就
可以出门了。
3. in case/for fear (that)/lest等引导的目的状语从句
in case,for fear(that)和lest这三个从属连词都表示否定目的,意思是"以免","以防"。in case多
用于英国英语,它所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式,也可以是虚拟语气形式;for fear(that)
引导的从句中的谓语带有may,might,should等情态动词;lest用于正式文体,它所引导的从句中的谓语
动词用虚拟语气形式。
Take your umbrella with you, lest it should rain.
=Take your umbrella in case it rains.
带上你的伞,以防下雨。
He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain. 他带了一把伞,以防下雨。
【典例分析】
1. (2018·天津卷·单项填空)Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________ they get sweet
enough to be eaten.
A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子,这样的话,它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。A. ever since自那时起;B. as if好像;C. even though尽管;D. so that以便。从句为目
的状语从句,故用so that引导。故选D。
2.Cathy had quit her job when her son was born ___________ she could stay home and raise her family.
A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词。A. now that既然;B. as if好像;C. only if只要;D. so that以便。这里是so that引
导的目的状语从句。句意:当Cathy的儿子出生的时候,她就放弃了自己的工作,以便待在家里照顾家人。
根据句意故选D。
【名师点睛】本题考查连词so that 的用法,此类辨析题需掌握引导状语从句的连词的不同含义并结合语
境,本题中的so that引导目的状语从句。意思是:以致,为了,以便于。这个词组还可以和 in order
that,in order to,so as to 进行替换。所以做好此类题要先分析前后两个句子的关系,了解具体语境中的
连词的意思,从而判断出正确的选项,学生要记得积累每一题中所出现的连词的意思,不能只看其表面。
注意有的连词的意思并不是表面上的那样,如果出现不熟悉的词语,应该采用排除法,而不是直接看表面
意思来选答案。
3. I took my driving license with me on holiday, ___________ I wanted to hire a car.
A. in case B. even if C. ever since D. if only
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】考查状语从句的连接词。带驾照的目的是便于租车,所以选 A。in case以防、以免或以便于。
even if即使,用于让步状语从句;ever since自从,一般引导时间状语从句;if only倘若,用于条件句,使
用虚拟语气。
考点六 结果状语从句
1. so that引导的结果状语从句
(1)so that引导的结果状语从句只能位于主句之后,中间可以有逗号。
Suddenly it began to rain heavily, so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving. 突然下起了
大雨,几乎无法继续开车。
Linda phoned me in on arrival so that I know she was safe and sound. 琳达到达后给我打了电话,因而我知
道她平安无事。
(2)"so that"既可引导结果状语从句也可引导目的状语从句。究竟是引导的结果状语从句还是目的
状语从句,除了根据句意来判断外,还可根据结构形式来加以判断。若从句前有逗号,一般为结果状语从
句,如果从句中有情态动词,通常则为目的状语从句。They started out early, so that they didn’t miss the train. 他们早早就出发了,所以没误火车。(结果状
语从句)
They started out early so that they would not miss the train. 他们早早出发是为了不误火车。(目的状
语从句)
2. so...that引导的结果状语从句
so...that"如此……以致",that在非正式文体中可以省略,so后面接形容词或副词。
She spoke so fast that nobody could catch what she was saying. 她说话如此之快竟没有人听出来她在讲
什么。
There is so little time left that I have to tell you about it later. 现在剩下的时间不多了,我只好以后再给你
讲这件事。
3. such...that引导的结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的such...that的具体内容是:such + a/an + 形容词+名词+that从句。其中的名词可
以是可数名词的单数或复数,也可以是不可数名词。such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 + that从句可换成
so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句。
The Japanese student made such rapid progress that he soon began to write articles in Chinese. 那个日本留
学生进步很快,不久就开始用中文写文章了。
The professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed.
=The professor told us so funny a story that all the students laughed.
教授讲了个很有趣的故事,(以致于)所有的学生都笑了起来。
4. such that引导的结果状语从句
such that引导的结果状语从句多用于正式文体,主句为"主—系—表"句型。
The force of the explosion was such that it blew out all the windows. 爆炸的力量很大,所有的窗户都被炸
掉了。
His anger was such that he lost control of himself. 他气得不能克制自己的感情。
【典例分析】
1. The film Pio 2 is _____________ interesting ____________ I would like to see it again.
A. such;that B. too;to C. as;as D. so;that
【答案】D【解析】such修饰名词,而interesting是形容词,故予以排除;在too...to结构中,to是不定式符号,后面
接动词原形;as...as结构表示同级比较,在此不符合句意;so...that意为"如此……以至于",引导结果状
语从句。根据句意可知选D。
2. Wang Yaping is such an excellent astronaut ____________ she has been assigned to perform our
country’s second manual space docking.
A. as B. that C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:王亚平是如此优秀的宇航员以至于她被指派执行我们国家的第二次手控交
会对接。such...that..."如此……以至于",引导结果状语从句。
考点七 条件状语从句
1. if引导的条件状语从句
if可引导非真实条件状语从句(见"虚拟语气")和真实条件状语从句。
If he said that, he can’t be telling the truth.
如果他说了那样的话,他不可能是说实话。
2. unless引导的条件状语从句
unless引导的是否定条件状语从句,在意义上相当于if...not,而且语气较强,一般不用于虚拟语气。
You’ll be late unless you hurry.
你会迟到的,如果不赶快的话。
【典例分析】
1. (2018·北京卷·单项填空) _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world
will be gone.
A. Although B. While C. If D. Until
【答案】C
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:如果我们不阻止气候变化,那么世界上的很多动植物将会消失。分析句意
及句子结构可知,动植物不灭绝的前提条件是阻止气候变化。although尽管;while当……时候,尽管;if
如果;until直到。根据句意可知选C。
2. ________ we have enough evidence, we can’t win the case.
A. Once B. As long as C. Unless D. Since
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词。句意:如果我们没有足够的证据,我们就赢不了官司。后句说官司打不赢,用unless来表示相反的条件。
【名师点睛】条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生条件的状语从句。引导条件状语从句最经常
用的连词是if,它的意思是"如果"; 也可以用unless引导:unless的意思是"如果不""除非",相当
于if not。
3. only if引导的条件状语从句
only if在引导条件状语从句时意为"只有……(才);只有在……的时候,唯一的条件是……"。
I’ll let you use the car only if you keep it in good condition.
只要你把车保养好,我就让你用。
4. as/so long as引导的条件状语从句
as/so long as意为"只要;如果"。
As long as it doesn’t rain, we can play.
只要不下雨我们就能玩。
【典例分析】
You won’t find paper cutting difficult ________ you keep practicing it.
A. even if B. as long as C. as if D. ever since
【答案】B
【解析】句意:只要你不断练习,你不会觉得剪纸很难。A. even though即使,虽然;B. as long as只要;C.
as if犹如,好像;D. ever since自从。结合句意,此处用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选B。
5. provided (that)/providing (that)引导的条件状语从句
provided (that)/providing (that)意为"假如;如果"。
I will agree to go provided / providing (that) my expense is paid.
假如为我负担费用,我就同意去。
Providing you promise not to tell anyone else I’ll explain the secret.
假如你承诺不告诉别人,我就告诉你这个秘密。
6. on condition that(条件是)和suppose / supposing (that)(假设;如果)也可引导条件状语从句
I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret.
我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。
Suppose/ Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?
注意:
在条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态。不过,有时表示
条件的 if之后可能用 will,但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here. 请稍坐片刻,我这就
通知经理说您来了。
考点八 方式状语从句
表示行为方式的状语从句常由 as(依照……,像……一样),as if(正如……,似乎……),as
though(似乎……,好像……),(just)as... so...(正如……)引导,多置于主句之后。
1. as,(just) as... so...引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as...so...结构中位于句首,这时
as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如……","就像",多用于正式文体。
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待别人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man.
我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2. as if,as though两者的意义和用法相同,引导的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,
有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……
似的"。
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它们不存在似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。)
【名师点睛】
as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语。
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。
【典例分析】
1. He looked at me curiously _______________ he had some doubt which he was unwilling to express.A. as if B. in case C. unless D. so that
【答案】A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:他好奇地看着我,好像有一些疑问又不肯说出口。as if"好像,仿佛",
引导方式状语从句。
2. More people will eat out in restaurants _______________ they do today.
A. than B. when C. while D. as
【答案】D
【解析】句意:正如人们现在所做的一样,更多的人将会在饭店吃饭。as在此引导方式状语从句,表示"
如同,照……的方式"。
2
知识强化
一、单项选择
1. I’ll keep his address ________ I need it.
A. so that B. in order that C. in case D. when
2. You are sure to pass the exam ______ you study hard.
A. if B. though C. that D. since
3. Suzhou is not _______ beautiful _______ Hangzhou.
A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than
4. ______ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.
A. Though B. If C. Because D. For
5. May I sit nearer______I can see more clearly?
A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so
6. I’d like to go swimming ________ the water is not too cold.
A. for B. unless C. if D. whether
7. Betty didn’t go to see the film yesterday ______ she was ill.
A. because B. but C. until D. if
8. I will tell him the news as soon as he______ back.
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
9. The meeting didn’t start______ everyone was there.
A. because B. until C. why D. if10. ______ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.
A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment
11. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.
A. such B. so C. too D. very
12. _______ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.
A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if
13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him.
A. for B. so that C. because D. in order
14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot.
A. because B. as C. if D. since
15. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
16. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.
A. before B. after C. when D. while
17. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.
A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after
18. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow.
A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was
19. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
20. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basketball with us?
---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow.
A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be
21. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.
A. Though B. Since C. For D. So
22. —I think the environment is terrible these years.
—Yes, it will be even worse________ the government takes action ________ it.
A. until; protect B. unless; to protect C. if; protecting D. unless; protecting
23. “It’s a secret. Promise no one else will know it,” he lowered his voice and whispered________ no one could
overhear it.
A. in case B. even if C. so that D. only if24. _________ there is good communication and mutual (相互的) understanding between parents and children,
there will be no so-called generation gap between them.
A. As soon as B. Even though C. So long as D. Even if
25. ________ you send me an e-mail to say that you won’t go camping, I’ll wait for you at the park.
A. Unless B. When C. Whether D. If
26. —They don’t have much in their house yet.
—________ they’re planning to live here only until Bob gets his degree, they don’t want to buy much furniture.
A. Since B. Although C. While D. Unless
27. You must speak louder ________ you can be heard by all especially those seated at the back.
A. in order that B. on condition that C. so long as D. in case
28. ______ we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
A. Before B. Until C. Unless D. Once
29. Within three years a new residential area came into being _____ there had been wild grass and small ponds.
A. that B. before C. where D. so that
30. It was ______ I came to know the importance of English _____ I began to pay more attention to my English
classes.
A. when, that B. since, which C. since, that D. when, which
31. ________ you begin to do something, you must carry on with it, otherwise you will never achieve anything.
A. Once B. Unless C. Before D. Although
32. Many people welcome the chance to do meaningful things, ________they will get no pay.
A. even if B. as if C. in case D. now that
33. There is no doubt __________the temperature goes down, metal ____________.
A. that...contacts B. whether...contrasts C. that when...contractsD. when...contracts
34. Leave your key with a neighbour ________ you lock yourself out one day.
A. as long as B. so that C. in case D. now that
35. ________ the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.
A. In case B. Now that C. Even though D. Ever since
36. You will never gain success ________ you keep working hard.
A. when B. because C. if D. unless
37. ______ the man isn’t very rich, he gives a large amount of money to the students every year.
A. Though B. Since C. Unless D. If38. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom ________ necessary.
A. whatever B. whenever C. no matter which D. no matter where
39. ________you stick to it, you will surely succeed.
A. As long as B. As far as C. As soon as D. As well as
40. You’ll never speak English well________you often practice it.
A. unless B. if C. or D. otherwise
二、完成句子
41. 他们不分昼夜地工作了三天才使得一切恢复正常。
They worked day and night about three days ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
42. 不久他告诉了我这件事情。
It was not long ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
43. 一些科学家相信,不久之后机器人就会广泛应用于生活的各个方面。
Some scientists believe that ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ robots are widely used in all
aspects of life.
44. 每次我在街上遇到她,她都会给我一个友好的微笑。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, she would give me a friendly
smile.
45. 她是这样一个好人,我们不能怪她。
She is __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ we can't blame her.
46. 他说话太快,没人听得懂。
He spoke __________ __________ __________ no one could catch him.
47. 随着人类活动的影响不断增加,濒危物种的名单越来越长,这就留给我们一个问题:我们能承担得起损
害“地球之肺”的后果吗?
_______ the _______of human activities continues to grow and the list of species on danger of _______ becomes
longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage th“lungs of the planet"?
48. 有所有这么多引人入胜的东西,难怪哪里有迪斯尼乐园,哪里的旅游业就会兴旺。
With all these attractions, _________ ________ tourism is increasing ___________ there is a Disneyland.
49. 印加的家住工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸,仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合,即可稳固墙体。
Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes ___________ was needed to hold walls together __________the stones.
50. 即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何方言,中国人仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or ________ they can all still ________.51. Everyone looks forward to progress,________in one's personal life________in the general society.
每个人都盼望着进步,无论是在个人生活还是在社会生活中。
52. My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ________________he's in his nineties.
即使是九十多岁了,我的爷爷仍然可以时不时地打打网球。
53. 无论什么时候我和朋友出去,我都会提早到达约定地点。
________I went out with my friends, I will arrive to the place ahead of time.
54. 直到鱼全死了,他们才意识到污染有多么严重。(倒装)
__________________________________________ how serious the pollution was.
55. 在你方便的时候,请打个电话给我。(convenient)
_________________________, please call me.
56. 我在入境时遇到了一些困难。 (meet)
I ________ when I tried to enter the country.
57. ___________________________________________, I find his work impressive.
虽然我不怎么喜欢艺术,但我发现他的作品令人印象深刻。
58. When I was in junior high school,I was ______________________________________I nearly gave up.
上初中时,我学习很差以至于我几乎要放弃了。
59. 既然你下定了决心,就应该立刻行动起来。
___________________you have made up your mind, you should act right away.
60. ______________________________, the medicine should work.
如果正确服用, 这种药应该会起作用。
61. He came in quietly __________________________ his wife.
他轻轻地进来, 目的是不把妻子吵醒。
62. 他一按按纽,电源就被切断了。
The power was_______ _______the_______he pressed the button.
63. or how old you get, there’s always something new to learn about. After all, life is full of surprises.
(go)
不管你去哪里,不管你有多大,总有新东西要学习。毕竟,生活总是充满惊喜。
64. 拿近一些,以便让我看得更清楚些。
Bring it nearer ________ ________ I can see it better.
65. 一句多译
虽然我起得很早,但仍然没赶上这趟公共汽车。_________________________________________________ , I still missed the bus.
I still missed the bus, _________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________, I still missed the bus.
66. 一句多译
随着温度的升高,冰变得更薄了。
1.________ ________ ________ ________, the ice becomes thinner.
2.________ ________ ________ ________, the ice becomes thinner.
67. 我完成了家庭作业才去睡觉。(until)
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ I finish my homework.
68. I think it would be ______________ you could…
我想如果你能……可能会更好
69. 由于错过了末班公共汽车,我们只好步行回家。
(1)________ missing the last bus, we had to walk home.
(2)________ we missed the last bus, we had to walk home.
70. 我一打电话给他他就来了。
He came ________ I gave him a call.
71. 如果你专注于你手头的工作,你就会很快完成它。
If you ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in hand, you will finish it soon.
72. ________ I check my email,I have an endless series of advertisements.
好像每次我检查邮件时,我都会收到大量的广告。
73. You may have some difficulties at first. ________,please ring me anytime.
开始你可能有些困难。如果是这样,请随时给我打电话。
74. Although the future may be difficult for you, ________, I’ll be there.
尽管你的未来可能会有困难,但无论你何时需要帮助,我都在。
75. 尽管他们的生活有很大不同,但这部片子里的人们有一个共同点:无论生活是什么样子,他们每一个
人都能找到意义和幸福。
Even though their lives are very different, ________: each of them is able to find meaning and happiness,
________.
76. He liked it__________________he quickly walked into the shop.
他那么喜欢它以至于快速地走进了商店。
77. 这将有助于将光污染保持在低程度,并吸引游客在天空最暗的冬季月份前来观光。It will help keep light pollution low and attract visitors in winter months, ________ ________ ________
________ ________
78. 当你在攀岩的时候,你需要保持注意力高度集中,为的是你不会犯任何危险的错误。
While rock-climbing, you need to remain very focused ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
________ ________ ________
79. 俄语是最难掌握的语言之一,因此甚至有许多俄罗斯人都会说错。
Russian is one of the hardest languages to master, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
________ ________ incorrectly.
80. 无论你选择去哪里旅行,你一定会体验到中国的传统文化。
________ ________ ________ ________ _______, you are bound to experience the traditional Chinese
culture.
三、语法填空
1
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
“For longevity, 150 minutes a week of relatively high intensity physical activity clearly is enough,” said Dr. I-
Min Lee, a professor of epidemiology (流行病学) at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. She has
____81____ (extensive) studied movement and health and ____82____ (help) draft the current national physical
activity guidelines.
For practical purposes, exercise scientists often recommend breaking that 150 minutes ____83____ 30-minute
sessions of speedy walking or a similar ____84____ (active) five times a week. “It is quite clear from numerous
large-scale, well-conducted epidemiological studies that 30 minutes of relatively high intensity activity most days
lowers the risk of premature death and many ____85____ (disease), such as stroke, heart attack, and many types of
cancer,” said Ulf Ekelund, a professor ____86____ (specialize) in physical activity epidemiology at the Norwegian
School of Sports Sciences in Oslo, ____87____ has led many of those studies.
“Relatively high exercise,” he continued, “____88____ (mean) activities that increase your breathing and heart
rate, so the physical effort feels like a five or six on ____89____ scale between one and ten.” In other words, pick
up the pace a bit if what you intend to do is to stroll, but do not feel ____90____ (force) to sprint (短跑).
2
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zara Rutherford is the youngest female pilot to fly alone around the world. At the beginning of this year, sheleft the world____91____(astonish) by completing her trip. Now, her brother wants to keep world records in the
family by attempting to become the youngest male pilot to do it.
Mack Rutherford, is only 16, but already ____92____(become) the youngest pilot in the world last year. “The
first time I ____93____(actual) touched the controls and flew was when I was seven... Since then, my passion has
grown,” he told Reuters. Mack is in the middle of his A-levels, ____94____ he is too impatient to finish the year,
so he is taking ____95____ break from his studies to attempt the world record.
Mack has just taken off from Sofia, Bulgaria, and before his ____96____(depart) he said he felt “pretty
confident”. His sister fully shares this confidence, ____97____(trust) her brother will complete the trip without
problems.
Currently, the world record for the youngest male pilot ____98____(complete)a trip alone around the world is
held by Briton Travis Ludlow, who was 18 ____99____he did it. However, Mack says he is not doing this for the
world record, but more to set an example of _____100_____ young people can do.
3
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As many Chinese people celebrated the nation’s____101____(late) spacewalk, they were also thinking of
the____102____(hero) behind those great achievements China’s space industry has made.
On Sina Weibo and WeChat Moments, posts about Deng Qingming, a 55-year-old member of the People’s
Liberation Army Astronaut Division, ____103____(increase) sharply since China launched its newest manned
flight-Shenzhou XIII-to its Tiangong space station.
CCTV also published a short video clip on its various media platforms ____104____(honor) Deng, saying he
is a model of perseverance and devotion.
Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as ____105____pilot at a flight college in
Hebei province. After graduation, he began to take part in the PLA Air Force’s selection of astronaut candidates and
was finally selected with____106____13 male ayiators(飞行员).
In the following years,____107____Deng has dedicated himself to training, struggling ____108____an
opportunity to fly into space, he has always been inches away from good luck and has yet to make it.
However, just as Deng expected, his daughter, Deng Manqi, was____109____(successful) selected as a
member of China’s manned space program after her graduation. His daughter once said to him, “Dad, you are only
one step away from fulfilling your dream. You must hold on to it, no matter _____110_____awaits you.
4阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a ____111____ (teenage), you have many dreams. These dreams can be very big, such as winning the
Nobel Prize, or they can be very small, for example, you may just want to become the best student in your class.
Once you find a dream, what do you do with it? Do you ever try ____112____ (make) your dream come true?
Andrew Matthews, ____113____ Australian writer, tells us that making our dreams come true is the biggest
challenge (挑战) in our life. You may think you are not very good ____114____ some school subjects or it is
____115____ (possible) for you to become a writer. These kinds of thoughts stop you ____116____ (achieve)
your dreams. In fact, everyone can realize his dream. Keep telling yourself ____117____ you want. Do this step by
step and your dream will come true earlier because a big dream ____118____ (make) up of many small dreams.
You must also never give up your dream. There will be many ____119____ (difficulty) on the road to your
dreams. But the biggest one comes from____120____ (you). You need to decide what is the most important.
5
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world is using clean energy. It ____121____(specific) refers to energy produced from natural resources
without creating environmental debt. It is hoped that using this type of energy might reduce greenhouse gas
emission, ____122____(make) a safer planet for all inhabitants.
In reality, clean energy has ____123____(it) problems too. For instance, wind farms can have a significant
effect on local bird populations. ____124____, these negative consequences tend to be relatively small in
comparison to petroleum or coal.
An additional reason ____125____ it can be so desirable is that it tends to come from resources that are free.
This is not the case ____126____ energy sources like oil. Most of oil fields ____127____(locate) in Middle East.
Those in favor of creating clean energy sources say that ____128____(independent) from oil in foreign countries
prevents a host of international problems.
Much remains to be done to figure out how to use renewable energy sources to their best advantage. One of
the issues is ____129____ to transport collected energy from one place to another, since many places that produce
this energy are in remote locations. Changing the power grid (电力网) _____130_____(accommodate) different
sources of energy can help solve this problem, but this has yet to occur on a wide scale.
6
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China will step up efforts to protect endangered wildlife species and their habitats during the l4th Five-YearPlan period, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration said on March 3.
Emergency measures will be taken to protect 48 critically endangered wild animal
species,____131____(include) the Siberian tiger, and 50 wild plant species with____132____( extreme) small
populations, such as the Abies beshanzuensis(白山组冷杉), a fir tree species, the administration said.
The country will do its best to ensure a l0-percent increase in____133____(it) total area of important habitats
during the period, build a breeding(繁殖的) base and gene bank for rare and endangered wild animals, and launch
the ex-situ(迁地) conservation of____134____(plant) with low populations.
In recent years, China has made____135____(consistence) efforts to protect wild animals and their habitats,
and boost the in-and ex-situ conservation of wild plants.
____136____number of wild giant pandas has grown from 1, 114 to 1, 864 over the past four decades, and the
Asian elephant population has grown from 180 in 1985____137____approximately 300 at present. The wild
population of Hainan gibbons(长臂猿)____138____(increase) from no more than 10 in two groups in 1980 to 35 in
five groups.
March 3 marks World Wildlife Day,____139____was created to celebrate and raise_____140_____(aware) of
the world’s wild animals and plants.
参考答案
一、
1. C
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意:我会保留他的地址,以备不时之需。A. so that以便,因此;B. in order
that为了;C. in case以防;D. when当……时候。根据“I’ll keep his address”可知,此处是指存下地址以备
不时之需,用in case“以防”引导目的状语从句。故选C。
2. A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:如果你努力学习,你一定能通过考试。A.if如果;B.though虽然;C.that
(用于某些动词、形容词和名词后,引出从句);D.since自从。分析句子可知,空白处及之后为条件状语
从句,表示如果努力学习就一定能通过考试,空格处表示“如果”,是if,引导条件状语从句,故选A。
3. B
【解析】考查连词。句意:苏州不如杭州美。根据句意可知,此处表示“不如……”,表达为 not
as/so+adj.+as,故选B。
4. B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意:如果你努力工作,你就一定会成功。A. Though尽管;B. If如果;C.Because因为;D. For因为。结合句意可知,此处使用If“如果”引导条件状语从句。故选B项。
5. B
【解析】考查结果状语从句。句意:我能坐得更近一些吗?这样我就能看得更清楚。A. as if好像;B. so
that如此……以至于;C. even if即使;D. so所以。根据句子分析可知,see more clearly是上文sit nearer的
结果,因此用so that引导结果状语从句,故选B。
6. C
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:如果水不太冷的话,我想去游泳。A. for为了;B. unless除非;C. if如果;
D. whether是否。引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”应用if。故选C。
7. A
【解析】考查连词。句意:贝蒂昨天没有去看电影,因为她病了。根据句意,贝蒂昨天没有去看电影是因
为她病了,此处用because引导原因状语从句,故选A。
8. B
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:他一回来我就会告诉他这个消息。根据句子分析可知,主语为一般
将来时will tell,as soon as引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时表示将来,主语为 he,谓语动词使用第三
人称单数形式。故选B。
9. B
【解析】考查从属连词。句意:直到所有人都到场,会议才开始。根据句意,not until直到……才……,
引导时间状语从句,符合题意,故选B。
10. C
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:无论你开车开得多好,你都应该小心开车。根据句意可知,此处意为“无
论......”,A. so long as只要;B. in order that为了......;C. no matter how无论多......;D. the moment一......
就......。故选C。
11. B
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:玛丽有很多工作要做,所以她整天呆在办公室里。A. such这样;B. so所
以;C. too太;D. very非常。此处为结果状语从句,修饰much应用so,构成so…that…表示“如此……以
至于……”。故选B。
12. A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:即使我感到很累,但我仍努力完成这项工作。A. Although 即使;B.
Because因为;C. As当……时候;D. As if好像。引导让步状语从句,表示“即使”应用although。故选
A。13. B
【解析】考查连词和固定短语辨析。句意:老师提高他的音量以便所有的学生们能听到他。A. for因为;
B. so that以便;C. because因为;D. in order整齐。分析句子结构,设空处应用连词。结合句意,句中缺乏
“以便,因此”,引导目的状语从句。故选B项。
14. A
【解析】考查原因状语从句。句意:他脱掉了外套,因为他觉得很热。A. because因为;B. as因为;C. if
如果;D. since既然,因为。根据句意,此处表示原因,虽然as和since也可引导原因状语从句,但语气都
没有because强,此处用because强调直接原因,故选A。
15. B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析和目的状语从句。句意:我匆匆忙忙,这样我就不会上课迟到了。A. since自
从;B. so that以便;C. as if好像;D. unless除非。“I wouldn’t be late for class”是我匆匆忙忙的目的,因此
空格处意为“以便”,即so that,引导目的状语从句,故选B。
16. A
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意:你应该把功课做完再出去玩。A.before在……前;B.after在……后;
C.when当……的时候;D.while当……的时候。根据常理可知,应该是先做功课,再出去玩儿,也就是
“出去玩儿之前要做完功课”,空格处意为“在……前”,是before,引导时间状语从句,故选A。
17. C
【解析】考查固定搭配和连词。句意:警察要求孩子们不要过马路,直到交通灯变成绿色才可以。根据句
子结构和意思可知,这里考查固定搭配 ask sb. not to do sth.表示“要求某人不做某事”的意思,和连词
until,表示“直到”的意思,引导时间状语从句。before在……之前;when当……时候;after在……之后,
均不符合语境。故选C。
18. C
【解析】考查条件状语从句、时态。句意:如果明天我有空,我将和你一起去游泳。按照“主将从现”的
原则,根据时间状语tomorrow可知,条件状语从句中,应用一般现在时表示将来。故选C项。
19. D
【解析】考查连词词义辨析,原因状语从句。句意:我昨天上课迟到了,因为我的自行车出了毛病。A.
when当……时候;B. that引导某种状语从句,表示原因、目的、结果等;C. until直到……为止;D.
because因为。根据句意可知,前后文为因果关系,此处应用because引导原因状语从句。故选D项。
20. C
【解析】考查谓语。句意:——你知道他会和我们一起打篮球吗?——我认为,如果他明天有空,他会去的。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查连词 if引导的从句的谓语动词。问句里面if引导的是宾语从句,
谓语动词跟实施情况一致,表示将来的动作就用一般将来时;答语里面if引导的是条件状语从句,从句谓
语是将来的动作,要用一般现在时代替将来时,主语是he,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
21. A
【解析】考查连词。句意:虽然他老了,但是他仍然可以搬动这个重的包裹。A. though conj. 虽然,尽管;
B. since conj. 自从;C. for conj. 因为,由于;D. so conj. 因此。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查引导
让步状语从句的连词,表示“虽然,尽管”的意思。故选A。
22. B
【解析】考查条件状语从句和非谓语动词。句意:——我认为这些年的环境很糟糕。——是的,除非政府
采取行动保护它,否则情况会更糟。分析句子可知,句子为条件状语从句,空格一处单词引导从句,根据
句意可知,应用“unless”引导从句,意为“除非,如果不”;从句中有谓语动词“takes”,故空格二处应用
非谓语动词,保护环境是采取行动的目的,故应用动词不定式“to protect”作目的状语。故选B项。
23. C
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意:“这是一个秘密。答应我,别让别人知道。”他压低了声音,低声说,
以便没人能听到。A. in case以防,万一;B. even if即使;C. so that目的是、以便于;D. only if只有当。根
据“no one could overhear it”可知,此处表示目的,需用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。
24. C
【解析】考查连词词义辨析和条件状语从句。句意:只要父母和孩子之间有良好的沟通和相互理解,他们
之间就不会有所谓的代沟。A. As soon as一……就……;B. Even though即使;C. So long as只要;D. Even
if即使。结合语境可知,用So long as引导条件状语从句。故选C项。
25. A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:除非你给我发邮件说你不会去露营,否则我就在公园等你。A. Unless除非;
B. When当……时候;C. Whether是否;D. If如果。引导条件状语从句,表示“除非”应用unless。故选
A。
26. A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:——他们家里没有多少东西。——因为他们打算在鲍勃拿到学位之前一直
住在这里,所以他们不想买太多家具。A. Since因为;B. Although虽然;C.While在……期间;D. Unless除
非。根据句意,引导原因状语从句,表示“因为”应用since。故选A。
27. A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:你说话必须大声些,以便大家都能听到,尤其是坐在后面的人。A. in orderthat为了,以便;B. on condition that如果,假如;C. so long as只要;D. in case万一,假使。引导目的状语
从句,表示“以便”应用in order that。故选A。故选A。
28. D
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:一旦我们做了决定,在大多数情况下,就没有回头路了。A. Before在……
之前;B. Until直到;C. Unless除非;D. Once一旦。引导条件状语从句,表示“一旦”应用once。故选
D。
29. C
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:三年之内,在原来有野草和小池塘的地方,一个新的住宅区形成了。that
引导定语从句或名词性从句。before引导时间状语从句,意为“在……之前”。where可以引导定语从句、
名词性从句或地点状语从句。so that常用来引导目的状语从句或结果状语从句。分析句子结构可知,a new
residential area came into being是主句。_____ there had been wild grass and small ponds表示“在原来有野草
和小池塘的地方”,是地点状语从句,应用where 引导。故选C。
30. A
【解析】考查时间状语从句和强调句。句意:当我知道英语的重要性时,我开始更多地关注我的英语课。
A.when当...时候, that那个;B.since自从...以来, which哪一个;C.since自从...以来, that那个;D.when何时,
which哪一个。强调句的结构为:it is+强调成份+that/which+其他。结合句意,第一个设空处为when引导
的时间状语从句,故填when;第二个设空处为强调句,强调______ I came to know the importance of English
(我开始知道英语的重要性),应用that。故选A。
31. A
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意:一旦你开始做某件事,你就必须继续做下去,否则你将永远不会取得
任何成就。A.Once一旦;B.Unless除非;C.Before在……以前;D.Although尽管。根据下文“you must
carry on with it, otherwise you will never achieve anything.”可知,一旦你开始做某事,就要坚持下去,否则不
会有成就,故选A。
32. A
【解析】考查从属连词。句意:许多人欢迎有机会做有意义的事情,即使他们得不到报酬。A. even if即使,
虽然;B. as if好像;C. in case万一;D. now that既然,由于。由语意可知,此处考查让步状语从句,即使
没有报酬,也愿意去做有意义的事。A项符合语境。故选A项。
33. C
【解析】考查同位语从句,时间状语从句及时态。句意:毫无疑问,当温度降低,金属缩小。根据句意及
句子结构可知,此句是同位语从句,引导词用 that。本句描述客观事实,故用一般现在时。主语是单数名词metal,故用动词单三contracts,表示“缩小”。根据句意“当温度降低,金属缩小”可知,此句是时间
状语从句,故用引导词when,故选C项。
34. C
【解析】考查目的状语从句。句意:把钥匙留给邻居,以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。A. as long as只要;
B. so that以便;C. in case以防;D. now that既然。分析句子可知,句子为目的状语从句,“把钥匙留给邻
居”是以防有一天你把自己锁在外面,“in case”意为“以防”,引导从句,符合句意。故选C项。
35. B
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:既然天气已经转晴,我们可以启程了。A. In case万一,假如;B. Now that
既然;C. Even though即使;D. Ever since从那时起。引导原因状语从句,表示“既然”应用now that。故
选B。
36. D
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:除非你继续努力,否则你永远不会成功。A. when当……时候;B. because
因为;C. if如果;D. unless除非。引导条件状语从句,表示“除非”应用unless。故选D。
37. A
【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意:虽然这个人不是很富有,但他每年都给学生一大笔钱。A. Though
虽然,尽管;B. Since因为,自从;C. Unless除非;D. If如果。根据空前后句意可知,此处需用连接词
though引导让步状语从句。故选A。
38. B
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:我还在院子里浇花,在必要的时候整理我自己的卧室。A. whatever无论什
么;B. whenever无论何时;C. no matter which无论哪个;D. no matter where无论在哪。引导让步状语从句,
表示“在必要的时候”应用whenever necessary。故选B。
39. A
【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意:只要你坚持下去,你一定会成功。A. As long as只要;B. As far as至
于,就……而言;C. As soon as一……就……;D. As well as和……一样。根据“you will surely succeed”可
知,上文需要as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。
40. A
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意:除非你经常练习,否则你永远讲不好英语。A. unless除非; B. if
如果;C. or或者;D. otherwise否则。根据“You’ll never speak English well”可知这里意思是除非你经常练
习,否则你永远讲不好英语。故选A。
二、41. before everything returned to normal
【解析】考查时间状语从句和短语。before 引导时间状语从句,意为“过了……才……”,符合句意,从
句主语是“一切everything”,短语return to normal意为“恢复正常”,再根据主句谓语动词worked可知,
从句应用一般过去时。故填①before ②everything ③returned ④to ⑤normal。
42. before he told me about it
【解析】固定句型、时间状语从句和一般过去时。固定句型:It was not long before ……,“没过多久,
就……”;表示“不久他告诉了我这件事情”用It was not long before he told me about it,其中before引导
时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时。故答案为before he told me about it。
43. it won’t be long before
【解析】考查固定句型。表示“不久以后”应用固定句型 it won't be long before...。故填
①it②won’t③be④long⑤before。
44. Every time I met her on the street
【解析】考查状语从句和固定短语。表示“每次……”应用every time引导时间状语从句;从句主语为I,
表示“遇到”应用动词meet,结合后文would give可知应用一般过去时;表示“在街上”短语为 on the
street。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Every time I met her on the street。
45. such a good person that
【解析】【分析】
考查固定表达。对比中英文提示,表达“如此……以至于……”用 such (a/an)+adj+n.+that结构,引导结果
状语从句。“一个好人”表达为a good person。故填such;a;good;person;that。
【点睛】
46. so fast that
【解析】考查状语从句和副词。结合句意表示“快”应用副词 fast;且此处为结果状语从句,表示“如
此……以至于……”应用so...that...。故填so fast that。
47. As impact extinction
【解析】考查连词和名词。对比中英文句子可知,空格处分别为“随着”,“影响”和“灭绝”,“随
着”是as,引导时间状语从句,位于句首,首字母大写,因此第一空是 As;“影响”是 impact,由
continues 可知,impact 用单数;“灭绝”是 extinction,作宾语,是不可数名词,故填 As,impact,
extinction。
48. no wonder wherever
【解析】考查固定短语和让步状语从句。表示“难怪”应用短语 no wonder;表示“无论哪里”应用wherever,引导让步状语从句。故填①no;②wonder;③wherever
49. so that nothing other than the perfect fit of
【解析】考查固定短语。表达“目的是”应用so that引导目的状语从句;表达“没有什么”应用nothing;
表达:除了某物以外,英语常用other than(用于否定陈述后);表达“完美契合”应用 the perfect fit of。
故填①so that nothing②other than the perfect fit of
50. what dialect they speak communicate in writing
【解析】考查状语从句和固定搭配。分析句子结构可知,第一空表示“不论说何种方言”应用 no
matter+疑问词来引导让步状语从句,和前面的句子“no matter where Chinese people live”是并列关系,前面
已有no matter,故此句可以省略,所以写成what dialect they speak;第二空表示“通过书写(文字)进行
交流”应用communicate in writing,由前面的情态动词can可知,此处动词communicate应用原形,故第一
空填what dialect they speak,第二空填communicate in writing。
51. whether or
【解析】考查固定搭配。whether ...or表示“不管……还是……”,是固定搭配,故填①whether;②or。
52. even though
【解析】考查连词。even though表示“即使”,引导让步状语从句,故填even though。
53. Whenever
【解析】考查让步状语从句和从属连词。根据句意可知,句子为让步状语从句,空格处单词引导从句,根
据句意“无论什么时候”可知,应用“whenever”引导从句,意为“无论何时”,句首单词首字母大写。故
填Whenever。
54. Not until all the fish died did they realize
【解析】考查倒装句。根据汉语意思表示“直到……才……”应用not until,且not放在句首时要部分倒装
即将谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则
需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。根据后文was可知,此处应添加助动词did。故填Not
until all the fish died did they realize。
55. When it is convenient to/for you
【解析】考查固定短语和状语从句。根据汉语意思表示“对某人来说很方便”短语为 it is convenient to/for
sb.;且此处为时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”应用when引导。故填When it is convenient to/for you。
56. met with some difficulties
【解析】考查一般过去时和名词复数。该句是复合句,含when引导的时间状语从句;表示“遇到了一些
困难”用meet with some difficulties,其中meet的过去式是met。故答案为met with some difficulties。57. While I really don’t like art
【解析】考查让步状语从句。分析可知,所填空对应汉语表达“虽然我不怎么喜欢艺术”,在整个句子中
担当让步状语,可由while 引导放在句首,从句主语为I ,谓语为don't like,宾语为art。故填While I
really don’t like art。
58. so poor in my studies that
【解析】考查固定句型。根据句子意思可知,“如此……以至于……”的句型为so…that…,形容学习不
好时应用形容词poor而不是bad,bad常用于形容人的品性等,故填so poor in my studies that。
59. Now/Considering that
【解析】考查固定短语。分析汉语提示和英文句子可知,空处表示“既然”,短语 now that或considering
that符合题意,位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Now/Considering that。
60. If(it is) taken correctly
【解析】考查if引导的状语从句。由句意可知,本空缺少的“如果(这种药被)正确服用”,即“If(it
is) taken correctly”。因为主从句的主语是一致的,其中的it is可省略。故本空填If(it is) taken correctly
61. so that he wouldn't wake up
【解析】考查结果状语从句。so that引导结果状语从句,根据He came in quietly可知从句用过去将来时。
wake up醒来,所以填so that he wouldn't wake up。
62. cut off instant/moment
【解析】考查时间状语从句和固定短语。第一、二空:短语cut off切断,使中断;主语 The power和cut
off之间为逻辑上的被动关系,因此用一般过去时的被动语态;cut是不规则变化动词,过去分词为cut;第
三空:名词短语the moment / the instant,意思为“一……就”,引导时间状语从句。故填(1). cut (2).
off (3). instant/moment。
63. No matter where you go
【解析】No matter where you go考查短语。与how old you get句式保持一致,填No matter where you go。
64. so that
【解析】考查目的状语从句的引导词。so that以便,为了设空处引导结果状语从句,故填so, that
65. 【小题1】Although/Though I got up very early
【小题2】although/ though I got up very early
【小题3】Very early as/ though I got up
【解析】1.考查让步状语从句和时态。根据句意,空白部分的内容为“虽然我起得很早”,表示“虽然”
用though/although;表示“起床很早”用get up very early;结合句中missed可知,本句的时态为一般过去时,所以此处用got up very early。根据句意,故填Although/Though I got up very early。
2.考查让步状语从句和时态。根据句意,空白部分的内容为“虽然我起得很早”,表示“虽然”用
though/although;表示“起床很早”用get up very early;结合句中missed可知,本句的时态为一般过去时,
所以此处用got up very early。故填although/ though I got up very early
3.考查让步状语从句的倒装。根据句意,空白部分的内容为“虽然我起得很早”,在句中为状语,表示
“虽然”用though/as;表示“起床很早”用get up very early;结合句中missed可知,本句的时态为一般过
去时。当as/though引导让步状语从句时,可以使用倒装句:副词+as/though+主语+谓语,故填Very early
as/ though I got up。
66. As the temperature increases With the temperature increasing
【解析】考查状语从句和with复合结构。分析句子结构可知,“the ice becomes thinner.”是主句,所以表示
“随着温度的升高”,可写成as引导的状语从句,也可以写成with复合结构。当写成as引导的状语从句
时,因为句子描述的是客观事实,所以应用一般现在时,从句中主语是temperature(温度)为第三人称单数,
所以谓语动词increase(增加)应用三单形式,所以写成As the temperature increases;当写成with复合结构时,
即用with+宾语+宾语补足语,the temperature(温度)做宾语,且与宾语increase(增加)二者之间是主动关系,
所以应用increase的现在分词形式,即increasing,所以可以写成With the temperature increasing。故第一空
填As,第二空填the,第三空填temperature,第四空填increases,第五空填With,第六空填the,第七空填
temperature,第八空填increasing。
67. won’t go to bed until
【解析】考查时间状语从句和一般将来时。该句是复合句,含 not…until引导的时间状语从句;表示“我
完成了家庭作业才去睡觉”用I won’t go to bed until I finish my homework,其中从句是一般现在时,主句用
一般将来时。故答案为won’t go to bed until。
68. more beneficial if
【解析】考查连接词和固定短语。本句为if引导的条件状语从句,表示“如果”,形容词beneficial“有益
的”。故填more beneficial if。
69. Because of Because
【解析】考查连词。because of+名词/代词/动名词;第一个设空处后为动名词,故应用because;第二个设空处
后为句子,应用连接词because引导;故答案为Because of;Because。
70. directly
【解析】考查连词。根据句子结构、汉语意思和只有一个空格可知,这里考查“一…就…”的意思对应的
连词,连接上下文,引导时间状语从句。故填directly。71. apply yourself to the work
【解析】考查固定短语和时态。分析句子结合句意可知,空处缺少“你专注于你的工作”,表示“专注
于”用动词短语“apply oneself to ”,宾语用名词“the work”,由if和主句谓语动词“will finish”可知,条件
状语从句时态遵循主将从现规则,主语 you 为第二人称,动词用原形,故填① apply②yourself
③to④the⑤work。
72. It seems that every time
【解析】考查固定句型和时间状语从句。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“好像每次”,由“I have”可
知,句子时态是一般现在时,“好像”是 seem,“I check my email,I have an endless series of
advertisements”是一句完整的话,因此可用固定句型it seems that...,“每次”是every time,引导时间状语
从句,故填It seems that every time。
73. If so
【解析】考查惯用短语。表“如果是这样”短语可使用If so,so指代的是前文出现的“遇到困难”的情况,
它中间省略了it is,目前已经成为一个固定短语。故填If so。
74. whenever you need help
【解析】考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语,根据句意可知,此处可用 whenever来引导状语
从句,句子表达的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,所以“无论你何时需要帮助”翻译为 whenever you need
help,故填whenever you need help。
75. the people in this film have one thing in common no matter what/ whatever his or her life is like
【解析】考查让步状语从句及短语、时态。分析中英文句子可知,空处缺少“这部片子里的人们有一个共
同点”及“无论生活是什么样子”的对应英文表达。句子描述一般的情况,用一般现在时。“这部片子里
的人们”译为:the people in this film, “有……共同点”译为:have…in common;“无论什么”译为:
no matter what/whatever,“……是什么样子的”译为:be like,主语“生活”译为:life,be 动词用is。故
填:①the people in this film have one thing in common;②no matter what/ whatever his or her life is like。
76. so much that
【解析】考查固定句式。固定句式so…that…“如此……以致于……”,其中so修饰形容词副词,故译为so
much that。
77. when the sky is darkest
【解析】考查时间状语从句。分析可知,空白处在句中为时间状语从句。结合汉语提示,空白处的内容为
“在天空最暗的时候”,when引导该从句,形容词最高级作表语,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,故填①
when②the③sky④is⑤darkest。78. so that you won't make any dangerous errors
【解析】考查状语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知,空格处是“为的是你不会犯任何危险的错误”。
“为的是”是so that,“你不会做某事”用一般将来时you won't do sth.,“犯任何危险的错误”是make
any dangerous errors,因此空格处是 so that you won't make any dangerous errors。故填 so,that,you,
won't,make,any,dangerous,errors。
79. so that even many Russians speak it
【解析】考查状语从句,时态和名词。根据中英文提示,空格处缺少“因此甚至有许多俄罗斯人都会说”,
分析句子可知,是结果状语,用so that“因此”引导状语从句,从句主语是many Russians“许多俄罗斯人”,
even“甚至”,speak“讲”是谓语动词,宾语用代词it指代“俄语”,根据句意和上文的is可知用一般现在
时,主语是复数,故填①so②that③even④many⑤Russians⑥speak⑦it。
80. Wherever you choose to travel
【解析】【分析】
考查动词、不定式和状语从句。根据所给句意可知,需要表达“无论你选择去哪里旅行”,根据给出的空
可知,表示“无论哪里”用Wherever引导让步状语从句,“选择做某事”是choose to do sth.,“旅行”是
travel。故空1填Wherever,空2填you,空3填choose,空4填to,空5填travel。
三、
1
81. extensively
82. has helped/helped
83. into
84. activity
85. diseases
86. specializing/specialized
87. who
88. means
89. a
90. forced
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院流行病学教授 I-Min Lee说表
示对于长寿而言,每周150分钟相对高强度的体育活动显然足够了。
81. 考查副词。句意:她广泛研究了运动与健康,并帮助起草了目前的国家体育活动指南。空格处用副词
修饰动词studied,extensive的副词是extensively,意为“广泛地”,故填extensively。82. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:她广泛研究了运动与健康,并帮助起草了目前的国家体育活动指南。and
前后时态一致,由前面的“has ____ (extensive) studied”可知,句子时态是现在完成时,主语She是第三人
称单数,因此空格处是has helped,为避免和前面的has重复,此处也可省略 has,故填 has helped 或
helped。
83. 考查固定短语和介词。句意:出于实际目的,运动科学家通常建议将 150分钟的锻炼时间分成30分钟
的快速步行或类似活动,每周进行5次。break...into...是固定短语,意为“把……分成……”,因此空格处
是into,故填into。
84. 考查名词。句意:出于实际目的,运动科学家通常建议将 150分钟的锻炼时间分成30分钟的快速步行
或类似活动,每周进行5次。similar是形容词,修饰名词,active的名词是activity,意为“活动”,空格
前有a,空格处用单数,故填activity。
85. 考查名词的复数。句意:“从大量大规模、操作良好的流行病学研究中,我们很清楚地看到,每天30
分钟相对高强度的活动可以降低过早死亡和许多疾病的风险,如中风、心脏病发作和许多类型的癌症。”
奥斯陆挪威体育科学学院专门研究运动流行病学的教授乌尔夫·埃克伦德说,他领导了许多这样的研究。
many后跟名词的复数diseases,故填diseases。
86. 考查非谓语动词或形容词。句意:“从大量大规模、操作良好的流行病学研究中,我们很清楚地看到,
每天30分钟相对高强度的活动可以降低过早死亡和许多疾病的风险,如中风、心脏病发作和许多类型的癌
症。”奥斯陆挪威体育科学学院专门研究运动流行病学的教授乌尔夫·埃克伦德说,他领导了许多这样的研
究。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是said,空格处用非谓语动词,professor和specialize之间是主谓关系,
因此空格处用现在分词表主动,空格处也可用形容词specialized作后置定语,specialized意为“专业的”,
故填specializing或specialized。
87. 考查定语从句。句意:“从大量大规模、操作良好的流行病学研究中,我们很清楚地看到,每天30分
钟相对高强度的活动可以降低过早死亡和许多疾病的风险,如中风、心脏病发作和许多类型的癌症。”奥
斯陆挪威体育科学学院专门研究运动流行病学的教授乌尔夫·埃克伦德说,他领导了许多这样的研究。分析
句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词 professor是人,因此空格处用关
系代词who,故填who。
88. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“相对高强度的运动,”他继续说,“意味着增加你的呼吸和心率的活
动,所以体力活动感觉像是1到10之间的5或6级。”句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语
“Relatively high exercise”是不可数名词,因此空格处用第三人称单数means,故填means。
89. 考查冠词。句意:“相对高强度的运动,”他继续说,“意味着增加你的呼吸和心率的活动,所以体
力活动感觉像是1到10之间的5或6级。”scale意为“等级”,是可数名词,此处表泛指,前面需加不定冠词,scale是辅音音素开头,不定冠词用a,故填a。
90. 考查形容词。句意:换句话说,如果你想做的是散步,那就加快一点步伐,但不要感到被迫冲刺。feel
后跟形容词作表语,force的形容词是forced,意为“被迫的”,故填forced。
2
91. astonished
92. became
93. actually
94. but
95. a
96. departure
97. trusting
98. to complete
99. when
100. what
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了扎拉·卢瑟福是最年轻的独自飞行环游世界的女飞行员,她的弟弟
试图想成为环球飞行最年轻的男性飞行员。
91. 考查形容词。句意:今年年初,她结束了自己的旅程,震惊了全世界。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非
谓语动词形式。宾语the world指“全世界的人”,所以用-ed形式形容词作宾语补足语,表示“让人感到
惊讶的”。故填astonished。
92. 考查时态。句意:麦克·卢瑟福只有16岁,但去年已经成为世界上最年轻的飞行员。根据时间状语 last
year可知,事情发生在过去,所以用一般过去时。故填became。
93. 考查副词。句意:我7岁的时候第一次真正接触控制器并飞行……从那以后,我的热情越来越高涨。
动词touched前用副词修饰。故填actually。
94. 考查连词。句意:麦克的A水平课程已经进行了一半,但是他太不耐烦了,不能完成这一年的课程,
所以他要从学习中休息一下,去尝试打破世界纪录。结合句意可知,前后事情发生了转折,所以用转折连
词but。故填but。
95. 考查冠词。句意:麦克的A水平课程已经进行了一半,但是他太不耐烦了,不能完成这一年的课程,
所以他要从学习中休息一下,去尝试打破世界纪录。take a break休息一会儿。故填a。
96. 考查名词。句意:麦克刚刚从保加利亚的索菲亚起飞,在他离开之前,他说他感到“非常自信”。形
容词性物主代词his后接名词形式。故填departure。
97. 考查非谓语动词。句意:他的妹妹完全有这种信心,相信她的哥哥会顺利地完成这次旅行。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语His sister与动词trust是主动关系,所以用动词现在分词作状
语。故填trusting。
98. 考查非谓语动词。句意:目前,最年轻的男性飞行员独自完成环球飞行的世界纪录是由英国人特拉维
斯·勒德洛保持的,他当时只有18岁。形容词最高级修饰的名词,用不定式作后置定语,修饰名词pilot。
故填to complete。
99. 考查连词。句意:目前,最年轻的男性飞行员独自完成环球飞行的世界纪录是由英国人特拉维斯·勒德
洛保持的,当他完成时只有18岁。when当……时候,引导时间状语从句。故填when。
100. 考查名词性从句。句意:然而,麦克说,他这样做并不是为了打破世界纪录,而是为了给年轻人树立
榜样。分析句子结构可知,介词of后接宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,且指物,所以用what引导宾语从句。
故填what。
3
101. latest
102. heroes
103. have increased
104. to honor
105. a
106. another
107. while/although/though
108. for
109. successfully
110. what
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了中国航天事业背后的英雄Deng Qingming。
101. 考查形容词派生词。句意:当许多中国人庆祝国家最新的太空行走时,他们也想到了中国航天事业取
得伟大成就背后的英雄。根据句意可知,此处应用late的派生形容词latest,意为“最近的,最新的”,作
定语。故填latest。
102. 考查名词复数。句意:当许多中国人庆祝国家最新的太空行走时,他们也想到了中国航天事业取得伟
大成就背后的英雄。根据“those great achievements China’s space industry has made”可知,完成中国航天事
业成就的人不是一个,所以此处应用hero的复数形式。故填heroes。
103. 考查时态。句意:在新浪微博和微信朋友圈,自从中国最新的载人飞船“神舟十三号”进入天宫空间
站以来,关于55岁的中国人民解放军航天员Deng Qingming的帖子急剧增加。根据连词since引导的时间状语从句可知,此处应用现在完成时。主语posts为复数,主谓一致,故填have increased。
104. 考查非谓语动词。句意:中央电视台还在各大媒体平台上发布了一段短视频,向Deng致敬,称他是
坚持和奉献的典范。根据句意可知,此处应用动词不定式,作状语,表目的。故填to honor。
105. 考查冠词。句意:1984年6月,Deng加入中国人民解放军空军,并开始在河北省一所飞行学院接受
飞行员训练。后文单数可数名词pilot为泛指概念,应用不定冠词限定,其发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
106. 考查形容词(不定代词)。句意:毕业后,他开始参加中国人民解放军空军的航天员选拔工作,最终
与另外13名男性航天员一起入选。根据句意和后文“13 male ayiators”可知,此处应用形容词another修饰
名词,表示“另外13名男性航天员”。故填another。
107. 考查让步状语从句。句意:在接下来的几年里,尽管Deng一直致力于训练,努力争取进入太空的机
会,但他总是与好运近在咫尺,至今仍未实现。后文“he has always been inches away from good luck and
has yet to make it”和前文之间存在转折关系,因位于句子开头部分,故此处可用从属连词while或although
或though引导让步状语从句。故填while/although/though。
108. 考查介词。句意:在接下来的几年里,尽管Deng一直致力于训练,努力争取进入太空的机会,但他
总是与好运近在咫尺,至今仍未实现。struggle for“为……而奋斗”是固定搭配,符合句意。故填for。
109. 考查副词。句意:然而,正如Deng所预料的那样,他的女儿Deng Manqi毕业后成功入选中国载人航
天工程。修饰动词selected应用副词。故填successfully。
110. 考查让步状语从句。句意:你必须坚持下去,不管等待你的是什么。根据句意和no matter可知,此处
引导让步状语从句,no matter what“无论什么……”,连接代词 what在从句中作主语,指代事物。故填
what。
4
111. teenager
112. to make
113. an
114. at
115. impossible
116. achieving
117. what
118. is made
119. difficulties
120. yourself【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作为青少年,每个人都会有自己的梦想,第一件事就是记住你
的梦想,不要受到消极思想的影响,告诉自己想要什么,一步一步坚持不懈地实现它。
111. 考查名词的数。句意:作为一个青少年,你有很多梦想。teenager为可数名词,冠词a提示用其单数
形式。故填teenager。
112. 考查非谓语动词。句意:你曾经努力过让你的梦想成真吗?结合句意表示“努力做某事”可知短语为
try to do sth.。故填to make。
113. 考查冠词。句意:澳大利亚作家安德鲁·马修斯告诉我们,实现梦想是我们生活中最大的挑战。writer
为可数名词,此处表示泛指,应该用不定冠词,且 Australian是发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用an。故
填an。
114. 考查介词。句意:你可能认为你不擅长一些学校里的科目,或者你不可能成为一名作家。结合句意表
示“擅长于”可知短语为be good at。故填at。
115. 考查形容词。句意:你可能认为你不擅长一些学校里的科目,或者你不可能成为一名作家。空处作表
语,表示“不可能”应用形容词impossible。故填impossible。
116. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这些想法会阻碍你实现你的梦想。结合句意表示“阻止某人做某事”可知短
语为stop sb. (from) doing sth.。故填achieving。
117. 考查宾语从句。句意:不断告诉你自己你想要的是什么。空处引导宾语从句,从句中的 want缺少宾
语,表示“什么”应用连接代词what。故填what。
118. 考查动词时态语态。句意:一步一步地这样做,你的梦想会更早实现,因为一个大梦想是由许多小梦
想组成的。空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词,主语a big dream和make up of之间是被动关系,需要用被动
语态,且谓语动词用单数,陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is made。
119. 考查名词的数。句意:在实现梦想的路上会有很多困难,但最大的困难来自你自己。此处作there be
句型中的主语,表示“困难”应用名词difficulty,根据前文的many可知用其复数形式。故填difficulties。
120. 考查代词。句意:在实现梦想的路上会有很多困难,但最大的困难来自你自己。结合语境表示“你自
己”应用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。
5
121. specifically
122. making
123. its
124. However/Nevertheless/ Nonetheless
125. why126. with
127. are located
128. independence
129. how
130. to accommodate
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍清洁能源的优点、存在的问题以及一些解决方法。
121. 考查副词。句意:清洁能源具体指产于自然资源而不会给环境带来负担的能源。设空处需填副词作状
语,修饰谓语refers to。specific的副词是specifically。故填specifically。
122. 考查非谓语动词。句意:使用这类能源可能有望减少温室气体排放,让地球居民拥有一个更加安全的
地球。分析句子结构,该句是it作形式主语的主语从句。从句主语是using this type of energy,从句谓语是
might reduce,所以设空处的动词make需用非谓语形式,该空是前句产生的自然而然、意料之中的结果,
所以此处需用现在分词形式making做结果状语。故填making。
123. 考查代词。句意:实际上清洁能源自身也存在问题。设空处修饰名词problems,需用形容词性物主代
词,it的形容词性物主代词是its。故填its。
124. 考查副词。句意:例如,风电场对当地鸟类种群产生重大影响。然而,与石油或煤炭相比,这些负面
影响往往相对较小。结合句意,设空处前面讲的是风能产生的负面影响,后面讲的是该影响比石油和煤炭
所产生的负面影响小,所以前后是转折关系,设空处需填表示转折关系的副词。句首字母要大写。故填
However/Nevertheless/Nonetheless。
125. 考查定语从句。句意:清洁能源如此可取的另一个原因是,它往往来自免费的资源。分析句子结构可
知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词reason,在从句中做原因状语,所以只能用关系副词why引导。故
填why。
126. 考查介词。句意:像石油等能源就不是这样。分析句子结构可知,设空处及后面充当伴随状语,结构
为with+名词/名词短语/代词/代词短语+介词短语,此处energy sources是名词短语,like oil是介词短语,所
以设空处需填with。故填with。
127. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:大部分油田位于中东。此处讲的是一般事实,所以时态需用一般
现在时。主语oil fields和locate之间是被动关系,所以动词locate需用被动语态,另外,oil fields是复数形
式,所以谓语也需用复数形式。故填are located。
128. 考查名词。句意:支持生产清洁能源的人表示,不依赖国外石油可以避免一系列国际问题。分析句子
结构可知该句是that引导的宾语从句,从句谓语是prevents,从句宾语是a host of international problems,所
以设空处充当的是从句主语,需填名词。independent的名词是independence。故填independence。129. 考查疑问词。句意:一大问题便是如何输送已采集到的能源,因为许多生产能源的地方都位于偏远地
区。分析句子结构,该句是since引导的原因状语从句,主句主语是One of the issues,主句系动词是is,所
以“____9____ to transport collected energy from one place to another”充当主句表语。不定式前面可加特殊
疑问词,构成“特殊疑问词+to do”,在句子中充当表语,结合句意,此处是指如何输送已采集到的能源,
所以设空处需填疑问词how。故填how。
130. 考查非谓语动词。句意:改变电网以适应不同的能源有助于解决这一问题,但这尚未在广泛范围内实
现。分析句子结构可知,谓语是can help,所以设空处动词accommodate需填非谓语形式,结合句意,适
应不同的能源是改变电网的目的,所以设空处需填动词不定式表目的。故填to accommodate。
6
131. including
132. extremely
133. its
134. plants
135. consistent
136. The
137. to
138. has increased
139. which
140. awareness
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在“十四五”期间,中国将加大对濒危野生动物物种及其栖息
地的保护力度。
131. 考查介词。句意:国家林业局表示,将采取紧急措施保护包括东北虎在内的 48种极度濒危野生动物
和50种数量极少的野生植物,如白山组冷杉——一种冷杉树种。名词 the Siberian tiger前用介词形式。介
词including,意为“包括”。故填including。
132. 考查副词。句意:国家林业局表示,将采取紧急措施保护包括东北虎在内的 48种极度濒危野生动物
和50种数量极少的野生植物,如白山组冷杉——一种冷杉树种。形容词 small前用副词修饰。故填
extremely。
133. 考查代词。句意:在此期间,国家将尽力确保其重要的栖息地总面积增加 10%,建设珍稀濒危野生动
物繁育基地和基因库,开展低种群植物迁地保护。修饰名词area,前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
134. 考查名词的数。句意:在此期间,国家将尽力确保其重要的栖息地总面积增加 10%,建设珍稀濒危野生动物繁育基地和基因库,开展低种群植物迁地保护。名词plant为可数名词,指多种植物,所以用复数形
式。故填plants。
135. 考查形容词。句意:近年来,中国不断加强野生动物及其栖息地保护,加强野生植物迁地保护。修饰
名词efforts,前用形容词形式。故填consistent。
136. 考查冠词。句意:野生大熊猫的数量在过去的40年里从1114只增加到1864只,亚洲象的数量从
1985年的180只增加到现在的大约300只。短语:the number of……的数量,单词位于句首,首字母大写。
故填The。
137. 考查非谓语动词。句意:野生大熊猫的数量在过去的40年里从1114只增加到1864只,亚洲象的数量
从1985年的180只增加到现在的大约300只。短语:from…to…从……到……。故填to。
138. 考查时态。句意:海南长臂猿的野生数量从1980年的2组不超过10只增加到5组35只。这里指从
1980年到现在为止,所以用现在完成时态。主语是 population ,为不可数名词,所以谓语动词用has。故
填has increased。
139. 考查定语从句。句意:3月3日是世界野生动物日,设立这一节日是为了庆祝世界野生动植物,并提
高人们对世界野生动植物的认识。句中先行词为World Wildlife Day,在非限定性定语从句中作主语,所以
用关系代词which引导。故填which。
140. 考查名词。句意:3月3日是世界野生动物日,设立这一节日是为了庆祝世界野生动植物,并提高人
们对世界野生动植物的认识。raise awareness of提高……的认识,用名词形式作宾语。故填awareness。