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考点 24 倒装句和强调句-特殊句型（重难考点精讲练）
特殊句式倒装句和强调句一般不会直接在语法填空和短文短文改错中直接考查，主要在阅读理解和完形填
空中简介考查；另外，倒装句在书面表达中属于高级句型，是写作高分作文的必备句型之一。
倒装句
考向一 全部倒装
把谓语全部提到主语前面，叫全部倒装。主要有：
1.there be 句型：
可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外，还可用 live，happen，exist，remain，stand等等作这类句型的谓语。
如：
There are many students in the classroom.教室里有许多学生。
Long, long ago there lived a king who loved horses very much.
很久很久以前，有一位国王，他非常喜欢马。
There happened to be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out.
起火的时候，碰巧房间里面没有人。
John opened the door. There _________ he had never seen before.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood
C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl
2.Here/There/Now＋vi.（常为come, go）＋主语（必须是名词）
此句型中here/there用来唤起注意意思是＂喂，注意了＂。如：
Here comes Mary. → I can see Mary coming.玛丽来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。→I can hear the bell ringing.Here comes the bus.汽车来了。
There he comes.他来了。
这种句型不能用现在进行时。
here句中也可用系动词。如：
Here are some story books I want. →Here is what you asked for，or you are looking for.这就是我要的故事书。
（我找了好久）
Here we are. This is the station.咱们到了，这就是火车站。
＂Give me some paper.＂ ＂Here you are.＂＂给我点纸。＂ ＂给你。＂
3.then引起谓语为 come，follow的句子。如：
Then came a new difficulty. 然后产生了一个新的困难。
Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.接着是八年抗战。
4.out，in，up, down，away之类的副词作状语放在句首，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代
词，谓语为不及物动词come， go，run ,rush，etc。句式为：副词＋vi.＋主语（必须是名词）。如：
Out rushed the tiger from among the bushes.老虎从灌木丛里冲了出来。
In came the rose fragrance through the windows.玫瑰花香透过窗户飘了进来。
5.介词短语作状语放在句首，谓语为不及物动词，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句
式为：介词短语＋vi.＋主语（必须是名词）。如：
In the middle of our school stands a high building.在学校中央有一座高楼。
At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.
A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies
C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie
6.表语放在句首，表语常为形容词、分词、副词、介词短语。要求主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短
的人称代词。句式为：表语＋系动词＋主语（必须是名词）。
Gone are the days when the teachers were looked down upon.
老师地位低下的年代一去不复返了。
On the both sides of the street are beautiful flowers.街道两旁有美丽的花。
South of city are two big lakes.城市的两边有两个大湖。
7.直接引语中间或后面，表示某人说这意思的插入语（特别是谓语较短时）。＂They must be in the fields now,＂ thought Xiao Lin.＂他们准是下地了。＂小林想道。
＂Help! Help!＂ cried the little girl.小姑娘叫道：＂救命！救命！＂
如果主语不比谓语长，或是它后面有宾语，主语就仍然多放在前面。
＂Take your seats，gentlemen,＂ Wilson shouted.威尔逊嚷道：＂先生们坐好。＂
考向二 部分倒装
只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：
1.＂only＋副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从句＂开头的句子。如：
Only then did I realize the importance of English.
直到那时我才意识到英语的重要性。
Only in this way can you make progress in your English.
只有通过这种方式你学英语才会取得进步。
注意：
１）在only＋状语从句＋主句结构中，主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。
２）only修饰主语，不倒装。
Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching
goals.
A. I did discover B. did I discover
C. I discovered D. discovered
2.否定词（短语）开头的句子要用部分倒装。
表示否定的副词never，nor，neither,表示半否定意义的副词hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和not的
词组by no means（决不），in no time（很快），at no time（在任何时候都不），（在任何情况下都不）
not until，not only...but also，no sooner...than＝hardly...when/scarcely...
即＂否定词＋助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他＂。如：
Never have I been in this city.我从没到过这座城市。
Little/Seldom do I watch TV.我很少看电视。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。
注意：
1)关联词的搭配。
2)前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装。
1. The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
2. Not until recently ________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
3. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means_________ with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied B.is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied D.is the teacher satisfied
3.以so开头，用 ＂so＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＂表示前面叙述的情况也适合于另一个人或物，意
为＂也，同样，也如此＂。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物，用＂neither/nor＋助动词/情
态动词/系动词＋主语＂。
Society has changed and so have the people in it.社会变了，人也变了。
注意：
1)当so表示对前句内容的肯定、符合，或进一步强调前面所说的情况，或者赞同前面的说法时，应用自然
语序。意为 ＂的确，正是＂。
—Tom works hard.汤姆工作很卖力。
—So he does and so do you.的确如此，你也是。
2）倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致。
If you don’t go，neither/nor shall I.（If you don’t go，I shall not go.）你不去，我也不去。
注意：表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及到不同类型的动词时
可用：It is the same with sth./sb.或 So it is with sth./sb.句型。
She does well in English，but is poor in maths. So it is with Lucy.
她英语学得好，但数学学得差，露茜也是如此。—Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!
—________， madam. It’s our soup of the day.
A. Let me see B. So it is
C. Don’t mention it D. Neither do I
4.由as引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置。句式为：表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语＋其他。如：
Clever as he is，he doesn’t study well.
虽然他很聪明，但他学习不好。
Child as he is， he knows a lot.
虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得不少事情。
Much as I like it，I won’t buy it.
虽然我非常喜欢它，但我不买。
Try as she might， she failed.
虽然她试过了，但还是失败了。
注意：表语前的名词无形容词修饰时冠词要省略
________, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
A. Strange as might it sound B.As it might sound strange
C.As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound
5.在so...that从句中，如果so＋adj./adv.放在句首，其主句要倒装。
So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear him.
他讲话声音足够大，以至于每个人都能听得见。
________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious
6.如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were，should ，were可以把if省略而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。
If it hadn’t been for their help，we couldn’t have finished the work on time.
＝Hadn’t it been for their help，we couldn’t have finished the work on time.
要不是由于他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那项工作。
If there should be a flood，what would we do?
＝Should there be a flood，what would we do?
要是发了洪水，我们该怎么办呢？
________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
A. Did he catch B. should be catch
C. has he caught D. Had he caught
7.频度副词及短语often，always，now and then ，many a time ，every other day等放在句首时有时也倒装。
Many a time has he come to comfort me.他来安慰了我好多次。
Often did he warn them not to do so.他经常告诫他们不要那样去做。
8.某些表示祝愿句子也用倒状语序。
May you succeed.祝你成功！
Long live the Communist Party of China!中国共产党万岁！
方法技巧点拨
1. 考前应认真研读高考题目，了解命题人的意图，对高考方向有所把握。
2.倒装句在句式上考生不是很习惯，故考生得从多方面入手，熟悉各种倒装句式，以不变应万变。
3.要注意倒装句中的主谓一致、时态一致及人称一致等问题。
4.加强理解分析能力，切忌机械记忆，注意知识间的交叉，分清句子成分。
5.在平时的学习中尽最大努力运用所学知识，达到熟能生巧的目的。
强调句强调句知识结构：
强调句型 注意点 例 句
为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主 原句：Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace.
语、宾语或状语），常用强调结构：It is
强调主语：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in
(was) +被强调部分+that(who)…；
the Youth Palace last night.
It is (was) +
表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主
强调宾语：It was a film that I saw in the Youth
句的主语，it本身没有词义。
被强调部分 Palace last night.
+that(who)… 一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或
强调地点状语：It was in the Youth Palace that I
将来各种时态，用 It is…that (who)…；
saw a film last night.
如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则
用It was… that(who)…。 强调时间状语：It was last night that I saw a film
in the Youth Palace.
It is/ was … that …结构不能强调谓语，
如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/do ①Do be careful when you cross the street.
es或did。
过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
注意： They do work hard at maths.
①do用于对肯定的祈使句的强调以及对 他们对数学的学习确实很努力。
谓语动词的
实义动词一般现在时肯定句（除主语
强调 ②He does send an email to me every day.
是第三人称单数）的强调；
他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。
②does用于对实义动词一般现在时肯定
句主语是第三人称单数的强调； ③He did do his homework yesterday.
③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句
昨天他确实做了家庭作业。
的强调。
It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…句型的变式
① Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronauts
succeeded _______ landing on the moon ?
句式基本特征：
A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D . that; in
It is (was) + Is/ Was it +被强调部分+
被强调部分 that…； ②Could it be in the restaurant in ______ you had dinner
+that(who)… with me yesterday ______ you lost your handbag?
或情态动词+it+ be+被强调部
分+ that… A. that; which B . which; that
C. where; that D. that; where
—_______is it _______has made Peter _______he is today?
句式基本特征：特殊疑问词
特殊疑问句 +is/was it that…？或特殊疑问 —Determination.
形式 词+情态动词+it+be++被强调
A. What; that; that B. That; that; what
部分+ that…
C. What; what; that D. What; that; what
句式基本特征：It is/was+被 It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the
反意疑问句 强 调 部 分 +that… ， isn’t / hospital, ______?
形式
wasn’t it？ A. do they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it
与名词从句的结合句式特征 ①I’ve already forgotten _________you put the dictionary.
强调句与其
为：整个强调句型用作名词
它句型的结 A. that it was there B. where was it that
性从句或者在强调句型中含 [来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K][来源:学&科&网]
合
[ 有名词性从句。 C. that where it was D. where it was that【解析】D。本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的
体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。
第一步：复原→It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.
第二步：对划线部分提问→Where was it that you put the
dictionary?
第三步：变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则
变为：I’ve already forgotten where it was that you
put the dictionary.
②It was at the very beginning ____Mr. Fox made the decision
_____ we should send more firefighters there.
A. when; which B. where; what
[来源:Zxxk.Com][来源:Zxxk.Com]
C. then; so D. that; that
【解析】D。 第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that
引导同位语从句，说明the decision的内容。
①It was in the small house _____was built with stones by his
father ____he spent his childhood.
A. which; that B. that; where
C. which; which D. that; which
【解析】A。本题含义为＂是在这间小房子里他度过了童
年＂，the small house作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语
的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词
that，故答案选A。
②Is _______three hours ______the boy _______family is poor
to come to school on foot?
A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose
与定语从句的结合句式特征
为：在强调句型的被强调部 C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that;
分或其他部分中找出一个先
【解析】B。本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般
行词，附上修饰该部分的定
问句形式和句式It takes sb. some time to do sth.的糅合。我
语从句。
们也分几步来看这个句子：
第一步：基本句式 It takes the boy three hours to come to
school on foot.
第二步：以the boy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变
为：
It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come to
school on foot.
第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变
为：It is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor
to come to school on foot.
第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句可知答案。
①—Who is making so much noise in the garden?
句式特征为：在一定的上下
文中，强调句型的that(who) —________ the children.
强调句型的
及其后面的部分可以省略。
省略形式 A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are
作题时要特别注意将其复原
并加以比较。 【解析】答案为A。强调句型在具体的语境中的省略，其
完整形式应是：It is the children who are making somuch noise in the garden.。
②—He was nearly drowned once.
—When was that?
—_______ was in 1998 he was in middle school.
A. That; that B. it; when C. This; that D. It; that
【解析】B。强调句的一种省略，完整形式是：It was in
1998 when he was in middle school that he was
nearly drowned.
强调句型的构成是：It is (was) + 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子的其他成分。被强调的部分放
在 It is (was) 之后，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如
果是人，可以由who代替that。
1. 被强调的成分举例：
原句：Tom found my pen in the classroom yesterday.
强调主语：It was Tom who / that found my pen in the classroom yesterday.
强调宾语：It was my pen that Tom found in the classroom yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was in the classroom that Tom found my pen yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that Tom found my pen in the classroom.
2. 强调句型的一般疑问式：
直接把is或was提到it之前即可。如：
Was it Tom that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?
3. 强调句型的特殊疑问式：
特殊疑问词+ is (was) it + that +句子的其他成分。特殊疑问词即是被强调的成分。如：
Who was it that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?
4. that (who) 有时可以省略：
这种强调句型中的that或who有时可以省略。如：
It was my brother (that / whom) you saw the other day.
5. 强调原因状语从句要注意：
若从句由as或since引导，强调时则改为because，这是因为，because引导的原因从句表示的意义非常
强烈，符合强调句的目的。例如：
As she got up late, she missed the first bus. 变为：
It was because she got up late that she missed the bus.
6. 强调句的否定转移：
有些否定句在变成强调句时，要把否定转移到被强调的词语之前。尤其是 not... until...;句式的强调要特别注意。例如：
He didn’t realize his mistake until the teacher had told him. 变为：
It wasn’t until the teacher had told him that he realized his mistake.
【注意】 在强调句式中，虽然not被提前，但not... until...句型不要倒装。
高考中强调句型考查热点
考向一 强调句型的基本结构
强调句型It is / was + 被强调的成份 + that + 其他成份；用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成份。that只起
连接作用，不作成份，但不能省略。有时强调的部分比较特殊，如主语从句、状语从句、名词、不定式短
语、V-ing的复合结构等。如：
It was in the library that I saw her yesterday. 我昨天正是在图书馆见到她的。
1.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in
the passenger seat.
A. which B. that
C. when D. where
2.(2016·天津卷·单项填空)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel __________ the coach picks up
tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
3. It was the culture, rather than the language, _________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment
abroad
A. where B. why C. that D. what
考向二 特殊句式中的强调句型
1. 如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示到底、究竟等语气时，就用如下结构：
特殊疑问词 + is / was + it + that + 该句的其余部分。如：
How is it that you usually go to work? 你通常是怎样去上班的?
2. 在强调 not... until 结构中由 until 所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：
It + is / was + not until... + that + 该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。如：His father didn’t come back from work until 12o’clock.
= It was not until 12 o’clock that his father came home form work.
直到12点他的爸爸才下班回家。
1. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.
A. while B. though C. that D. after
2.Was it because Jack came late for school ____________ Mr. Smith got angry?
A. why B. who C. where D. that
考向三 强调句型与时间状语从句、定语从句的判断
强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区
别。试比较：
It was on March 1 that I had my hair cut. (强调句)
It was March 1 when I had my hair cut. (后面是定语从句)
判断是否是强调句，可采用还原法。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成份完整，则是强调句。否则
不是。如第一句可还原成：I had my hair cut on March 1.
I.改正下列句子中的唯一错误：
1. It is your valuable guidance which has enabled me to go around the city without any trouble.
2. It was a year ago when Joshua got a bike, and he rode it every day.
3. Was it in the lake where Mary was saved by a soldier?
4. It is not how much we learn but how much love we put into what we do which benefits our work most.
5. It was when she got what she had wanted she realized it was not so necessary.
II. 单句语法填空。
1. Was ________________because Jack came late for school that Mr. Smith got angry?
2. It was not until near the end of the letter ________________________she mentioned her own plan.
3. It was only after he had read the papers_____________________ Mr. Gross realized the task before himwas extremely difficult to complete.
4.——Was it by cutting down staff _______________________she saved the firm?
-No, it was by improving work efficiency.
5.It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic________________________ Zheng He
had sailed to East Africa.
6.Not only _________________________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
7. Not once ____________________it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his
class.
8. At no time __________________they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.
9. Not until he went through real hardship_____________________ he realize the love we have for our
families is important.
10. Never before _________________she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
II. 单项选择。
1．（2022·天津·耀华中学模拟预测）It is known that water is not an endless resource, ________ can it be made
once more, so we should save and protect it.
A．so B．as C．thus D．nor
2．（2022·天津市新华中学模拟预测）So ________ that all the wounded ought to be sent to hospital without
any hesitation.
A．serious injured they are B．seriously injured they are
C．serious injured were they D．seriously injured are they
3．（2022·天津市新华中学模拟预测）“Only if we give them a high rating online, ________ a refund”, some
customers complained.
A．we can get B．can we get
C．we had got D．had we got
4．（2022·天津市新华中学模拟预测）_____, we don't have to go home on foot.
A．There comes a bus B．Coming a bus there C．There coming a bus D．Because the bus coming
5．（2022·山东·二模）Here ______ you.
A．is a ticket of B．a ticket is for
C．is a ticket for D．has a ticket of
6．（2022·天津市新华中学模拟预测）Only very rarely ________ attack larger mammals.
A．will it be B．it will C．will it D．it will be7．（2021·黑龙江·哈尔滨三中模拟预测）________for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see films so
often.
A．If it is not B．Were it not C．Had it not been D．If it has not been
8．（2022·天津·模拟预测）Look! From opposite the street ________，screaming in panic.
A．comes two kids B．two kids are coming
C．come two kids D．do two kids come
9．（2019·天津市红桥区教师发展中心二模）My parents always remind us that by no means ________ no
respect for our teachers.
A．we show B．did we show
C．should we show D．we should show
10．（2021·宁夏·银川市第六中学三模）Hearing the cat coming, away ________.
A．ran all the mice B．running all the time
C．all the mice ran D．did all the mice run
11．（2021·天津滨海新·三模）________is the power of global warming that the climate goes from one extreme
to the other.
A．Such B．This C．That D．So
12．（2021·福建省武平县第一中学一模）If Tom’s wife won’t go to the party,________.
A．he will either B．neither will he C．he neither will D．either he will
13．（2021·福建省武平县第一中学一模）Only when ________hard________realize your dream of going to a
key university.
A．do you study; you can B．you study; you can C．do you study; can you D．you
study; can you
14．（2021·山东·一模）—He’s been to China.
—___________ I
A．So am B．Nor have C．So have D．Neither do
15．（2020·江苏·扬州中学三模）________ in a tiny cabinet were four Mother’s Day poems I’d written for her
in the 1960s.
A．Hidden B．Hiding C．Being hidden D．To be hidden
16．（2022·天津市新华中学模拟预测）When I try to understand _____prevents so many Americans from being
as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.
A．what it is that B．that it is what C．it is what D．what is it that17．（2022·山东·二模）It was he ______ read the books in the library yesterday.
A．which B．who C．whose D．whom
18．（2021·天津市第二耀华中学三模）It was only after experiencing the failure________ he began to train
seriously and he won the championship in the 400-metcr freestyle a year later.
A．when B．whether C．that D．which
19．（2021·福建省武平县第一中学一模）Do you think ________ true that ________is hard work that leads to
success?
A．it; it B．it; what C．that; it D．what; which
20．（2016·全国·一模）It is what you do rather than what you say __________ matters.
A．that B．what
C．which D．this
21．（2020·江苏扬州·二模）— Were all the villagers inspected for the suspected disease?
— No. ________ only 10 people who were exposed to the animals infected by the virus.
A．There were B．There are C．It were D．It was
22．（2020·江苏·常熟中学三模）It was when the private company successfully launched astronauts into
space__________I knew it would open up more opportunities in the space industry.
A．which B．how C．where D．that
23．（2020·江苏·南京师大附中模拟预测）Fanny asked ________ made that oddlooking little cat so popular.
A．what was it that B．what was that
C．what it was that D．what that was
24．（2020·江苏南通·三模）It was in the Lake District, a tourist attraction in England________they met each
other and became fast friends.
A．where B．which C．when D．that
25．（2020·江苏南京·三模）— Were all the articles of clothing for the models carried to the fashion show?
— No,_______only some of them.
A．it is B．it was C．they are D．they were
1．（2019·天津高考真题）The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones inhis class.
A．should they B．they should
C．dare they D．they dare
2．（2018·天津高考真题）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in
the passenger seat.
A．which B．that
C．when D．where
3. (2017 天津)It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbors.
4. (2016 天津)Then ________ (come) the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any
award but was still there to cheer on her friends and praise their accomplishments. (2016 天津)
5. (2016 浙江) It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe; ________ are they
ever clearly taught it.
6. (2016 江苏) Not until recently ________ they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the
rural areas.
7. (2016 天津) You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ________ the coach picks up tourists.
