文档内容
题型三 完形填空
目录
一、考情解读........................................................1
二、命题分析预测....................................................1
三、聚焦核心素养....................................................2
四、析考情题型突破..................................................2
五、考法解题能力提升...............................................16
六、分类记忆完形重点词汇...........................................26
七、注意积累熟词生义...............................................32
八、精选考点题型专练...............................................34
类型1 记叙文.....................................................34
Cloze 1............................................................34
Cloze 2............................................................36
Cloze 3............................................................38
类型2 其他语篇类型...............................................40
Cloze 4............................................................40
Cloze 5............................................................43
类型3 人与自然生态环保...........................................45
Cloze 6............................................................45
Cloze 7............................................................49
类型4 人与社会人际关系和谐........................................52
Cloze 8............................................................52
类型5 人与自我个人经历及感悟......................................54
Cloze 9............................................................54
一、考情解读
完形填空旨在考查考生的综合理解能力和语言运用能力。
1.它要求考生能够理解一篇有空缺的文章的大意,通读全篇,进而推出"未知"内容,具有主观性
测试和客观性测试的双重特点。
2.它既考查考生的英语基础知识(语法、词汇知识),又考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力(如
词义辨析、词语搭配、习惯用法)等,同时还要求考生具备良好的把握语篇行文逻辑和整个
篇章结构的能力。二、命题分析预测
1.选材——语篇主要围绕"人与自我"和"人与社会"两大主题,大多涉及生活哲理、人文关怀
等,话题贴近考生生活,传递积极向上的精神。"人与自然"主题语境的语篇近两年也有所体
现,主要涉及保护环境,倡导环保意识。
2.考查点——以考查实词为主,其中动词、名词居多,其次是形容词、副词,而对介词、连词、
代词等的考查相对较少。
3.考查角度——侧重考查考生对文章整体(文章中心主线和整体结构)的把握和理解能力;对
上下文或句子之间逻辑关系的把握和理解能力;对句子结构和意义的把握和理解能力。
三、聚焦核心素养
在基于素养命题立意及导向的高考试题中,完形填空对考生的语言能力、学习能力以及文化
意识的考查要求逐步加强,着重考查考生在语篇阅读的基础上,选择合适词语的能力,以及结
合词汇、语法、生活常识和跨文化意识进行逻辑推理和综合判断的能力,凸显对考生思维品
质的考查。此外,对考生文化意识的考查力度也不断加大,突出对考生作为合格公民应具备的
基本素质和核心价值的考查。
四、析考情题型突破
一 题型特点
完形填空是一种立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题,它要求考生不仅能理解语篇文意,而且
能结合上下文进行逻辑推理。完形填空主要考查考生根据上下文正确使用词语的综合能
力、阅读理解能力和逻辑推理能力。多年来,完形填空一直是考生失分较多的高难度试题。
值得注意的是,新高考地区(不包括浙江、北京、天津)的完形填空为15道小题,共计15分,这
与全国卷20道小题30分不同,因此考生在做该题时应注意时间的合理分配。
二 考查维度
1.强调语篇阅读,考查考生整体理解文意、连贯思维、把握语境和进行逻辑推理的能力;
2.多角度考查词汇知识,如基础词汇的活用、一词多义、熟词生义等;
3.考查驾驭英语句子、理解分析长难句的能力;
4.侧重考查根据语境重建文章的能力,淡化对语法知识的考查。
三 命题规律
1.语篇类型:记叙文和夹叙夹议文是近几年高考完形填空的命题热点,说明文也偶有考查。2.题材:文章注重原汁原味,内容积极向上,贴近考生生活,大多涉及生活哲理、人文关怀等,融
知识性、教育性和趣味性为一体,充分体现了高考的思想性和育人功能,也体现了普通高中英
语课程的总目标。
3.考点分布:所设题目以考查动词、名词、形容词和副词为主,兼顾代词、连词和介词。
4.选项设置:所设置选项的词性、词形一般都符合空处的语法要求,注重考查考生对句意的理
解及对选项词义的辨析,也越来越注重考查考生在语篇理解的基础上对词汇的掌握能力。解
题时考生需要认真通读全文,有效扫除语言障碍,理清文章脉络。
5.设题层面:近几年的高考完形填空主要从五个层面设题。
(1)从句子理解层面设题。这类题很常见,主要考查考生正确理解句子意思的能力,要求考生
在理解句子意思的基础上,对选项作出正确的判断。
(2)从语境理解层面设题。这类题所占比例最大,主要考查考生对上下文的理解能力,要求考
生根据上下文判断该空应填的词语。
(3)从情境理解层面设题。这类设题主要考查考生对文中挖空句的情境
的准确理解能力,要求考生根据具体的情境作出选择。
(4)从逻辑理解层面设题。这类设题主要考查考生的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据事情发生、
发展的规律,按照作者的思维、表达方式,对行文逻辑进行分析,作出选择。
(5)从语篇理解层面设题。这类试题的难度较大,主要考查考生对文章中心、脉络、结构层次
等的把握能力。要求考生整体理解文章,抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想或主人公的心理,然后
进行准确的推理、判断,从而作出正确的选择。
四 语篇类型分类
1.记叙文
记叙文类完形填空在高考中占了很大的比例。在此类完形填空中,作者通常会在文章首句或
首段把事件的时间、地点、人物交代清楚,然后对这件事情的发生、发展和结果进行叙述。
题材包括个人经历、励志故事等,涉及社会、家庭、历史、文化、健康、当今科学的最新发
展等方面。总体来讲,此类文章一般有以下两个特点:
(1)情节曲折,信息量大,结尾往往出乎意料。
近几年高考完形填空的文章不是单纯地去叙述某个人、某件事,而是把对人物心理活动的描
写融入文章的叙述中,结果往往出乎意料,这无疑就
增加了考生理解的难度。因此,考生解题时应理清故事发展的脉络,根据人物的语言、行为及
心理活动等去了解作者的写作意图,对故事的发展和结局作出合理的想象和预测。
(2)文章话题有亲切感,能引起考生的共鸣。近几年高考完形填空中有很多反映了人际关系、当今科技发展对社会的影响等,这些是考生
平时在生活中接触比较多的话题,因此容易理解,没有陌生感。
2.夹叙夹议文
夹叙夹议类完形填空往往是高考中较难的、也是较容易失分的。所选文章一般富于哲理性,
耐人寻味,可读性较强,考生可以从一件看似平淡的
小事中悟出深刻的人生哲理。
该文体在结构上采用"以叙为主、兼顾议论,叙议结合"或"先叙后
议""边叙边议"的写作模式,其主旨是在记叙的基础上,通过议论的手段,说明作者的态度、观
点、思想和目的。一般来说,文章记叙的内容积极向上,情节曲折动人,富有知识性和趣味性;
文章的议论部分是记叙部分的升华,兼具教育性和启发性。
考生在做该类型的完形填空时,不但要理解文章的字面意思,还要挖掘文章的内涵。准确理解
作者要说明的观点或阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类题的关键。
3.说明文
说明文类完形填空近几年较少涉及,但2019年全国Ⅲ卷的完形填空采用了说明文这一文体,
因此,该文体也是考生需要掌握的类型,备考时需注意。说明文类完形填空一般具有以下特
点:
(1)开篇点题,目标明确。
说明文分为说理型说明文与识物型说明文:说理型说明文主要介绍一种理论概念;识物型说明
文主要介绍一种新兴或者大众比较陌生的物品。解答说明文类型的完形填空时,首先要弄清
说明对象(一般在首句阐明),其次通读的时候需要弄清楚文章的说明方法以及思路,并在此基
础上逐个击破。
(2)难度较大,结构严谨。
说明文往往比较正式,表述准确严谨,句子较长,结构较为复杂。在解题时,分析句子结构、划
分句子层次是关键,同时需要理清句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系及各句、段起到的作用,如
解释说明、承上启下等。
4.议论文
议论文类完形填空在近几年高考中很少涉及,但是议论文也是高考完形填空命题选材中的一
种,备考时不容忽视。
议论文类完形填空论点的提出方式一般有以下三种:
(1)开门见山式提出论点。作者在文章的开头就提出论点,然后通过具体的论据说明论点(论
据有正面的,也有反面的),最后总结全文。(2)导入式提出论点。作者先叙述生活中一件具体的事情或描述生活中的某种现象,然后根据
事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的见解,最后用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。
(
3)结尾式提出论点。作者一开始仅仅是列举生活中的现象,并不表明自己的观点,然后对具体
现象进行分析,从而得出一个结论,而这个结论往往就是文章的论点。
解决议论文类完形填空时,要善于理清论点、论据和论证,"三论"结合验证答案,并且一定要
注意上下文的逻辑关系,如果所选答案使文章前后矛盾,论据与论点不符,甚至论证与论点矛
盾,那就说明考生对文章的脉络把握得不太准确,需要重新理顺文章的各个部分之间的关系,
直到三者一致,然后再依据自己对全文的掌握及各部分之间的关系选出答案。千万不可在对
文章逻辑关系一知半解的情况下随意选择。解题时,逻辑连接词的作用至关重要,可通过逻辑
连接词判断上下文的关系。有时也会考查通过前后句的意义推断出逻辑连接词。
五 解题步骤
1.通读全文,把握大意
先跳过空格,通读试题所给的短文,获得整体印象,做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨,较好地把握短文
文意。要在阅读短文、理解文意的基础上再开始作选择,切忌仓促下笔。
2.综合考虑,初定答案
在理解全文意思的基础上,再结合所给备选项细读全文,联系上下文内容,注意从上下文的语
法结构和词语搭配及备选项中寻找解题的提示,以词、句的意义为先;再从分析
句子结构入手,根据短文意思、语法规则等进行综合考虑,对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛
选,排除干扰项、初步确定答案。
3.瞻前顾后,先易后难
动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。先做简单、直接、自己最有把握的题,对于一下子不能确定答案的题,先跳过,继续往下做,最后再回过头来集中精力解决难点。这时可结合
已确定的选项再读一遍短文,以加深对短文的理解进而提高做题的正确率。
4.复读全文,逐空验证
完成各道题后,把所选的选项代入原文,再把全文通读一遍,逐空认真复查,看所选的选项能否
使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确,语言表达是否符合习惯。如果发现错误
或有疑问的选项,应再次推敲、反复斟酌、作出修正。
Cloze 1
语篇类型:记叙文 主题:植树造林,改善环境 词数:203
难度:★★ 建议时间:12分钟
高考真题
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his
second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A
flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of
birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there
weren't enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees
so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for
help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and
30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33
of each sapling(幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to
34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of
naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21.A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22.A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23.A. preciousB. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24.A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25.A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26.A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27.A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust28.A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29.A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30.A. rebuilt B. discoveredC. left D. managed
31.A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32.A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33.A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34.A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35.A. returned B. learned C.failed D. continued
命题分析
▶素养解读
文章讲述了Molai多年坚持种树,以保护当地动植物的故事,引导考生提高环保意识,维护人与
生态环境的和谐,积极参与生态文明建设,助力实现可持续发展。
▶试题分析
1.设题形式灵活,如第34题的选项由两个动词和两个动词词组组成。
2.选项选用相当一部分星级词汇,提升了试题的难度。
庖丁解牛
▶重难词汇
hit v.侵袭,打击 decline v. 减少,下降
seek v. 寻找 shelter n.庇护
▶词块积累
drive away使离去 on one's own独自地
become home to...成了……的栖息地/家园
解题思路
本文讲述了Molai在16岁时发现由于洪水的破坏,他的家乡鸟和蛇的数量减少,于是他开始
寻求解决方法。发现种树可以解决问题后,他坚持种树多年,为动植物建造了一个家园。
21.C 文章首句提到Molai在一个小村庄长大,结合语境可知,此处表示村庄周围的一些湿地
变成了他的第二个家(home)。
22.A 根据上文提到的湿地和下文讲述的Molai为保护动物而种树可知,这里指的是在很小
的年纪,他就知道了自然(nature)的重要性和美丽。
23.C 根据下文表述的洪水发生了,鸟和蛇的数量都减少了可知,这里指的是他家周围发生了
一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。24.D 根据语境和空后的"it caused"可知,这里指的是洪水带来的破坏(damage)。
25.A 空前提到鸟的数量减少了,空后提到蛇的数量也减少了,故此处用Besides(此外)。
26.B 根据语境可知,这里指的是他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树。
27.B 根据下句中的"during the daytime"并结合常识可知,这里指的是没有足够的树去保护这
些动物免受热(heat)的伤害。
28.D 根据空前的"plant trees"及语境可知,解决方法是种树,以便这些动物在白天可以找到庇
护(shelter)。
29.C 根据上文提到的解决方法是种树以及下文中的"for help but was told that nothing would
grow there"可知,他向林业部门求助。forest"林区,森林"符合语境。
30.B 根据空前的"Molai went looking on his own"以及空后的"a nearby island where he began
to plant trees"可知,此处表示他发现了(discovered)一个附近的岛屿。
31.C 根据下文中的"The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below"及语境可知,这里指
的是在旱季给小树浇水,故用Watering。
32.A 根据空后的"for a lone boy"可知,对这个男孩来说,独自一个人
在旱季给小树浇水是艰难的(tough)。
33.B 根据下文中的"The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below"可知,他是在每棵幼
树的顶部(top)搭建竹台。
34.D 根据空前的"where he placed earthen pots with small holes"和空后的"rainwater"以
及"The water"可知,这里指用陶罐收集(collect)雨水。
35.D 根据空后的"to plant trees for the next 37 years"以及下文可知,他是在接下来的37年中
继续(continued)种树。
Cloze 2
语篇类型:夹叙夹议文 主题:家长是否应该对孩子撒谎 词数:224
难度:★★★ 建议时间:17分钟
高考真题
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding
glass door is just a window.The 41 is obvious.If we 42 it is a door, they'll want to go
outside 43 . It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it's
45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids.One day they'll 47 and discover that everything they've
always known about windows is a48 .
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 .I have a very strong
51 that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have
53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings.I'm telling them they can't open what they absolutely know is
a door.What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of
some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the
opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, "What if it isn't a door?"That is, "What if it isn't a
57 opportunity?"
Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.But the 58 is that I shouldn't lie to my kids. I
should just 59 repeatedly having to say, "No.We can't go outside now."Then when they
come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won't
60 to open them and walk through.
41.A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
42.A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize
43.A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44.A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
45.A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
46.A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
47.A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
48.A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
49.A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
50.A. restrictions B. explanations
C. differences D. consequences
51.A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
52.A. physicalB. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
53.A. traditional B. important C. double D. original
54.A. life B. time C. reply D. history
55.A. by comparison with B. in addition to
C. regardless of D. instead of
56.A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
57.A. real B. typical C. similar D. limited58.A. safety rule B. comfort zone
C. bottom line D. top secret
59.A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept
60.A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend
命题分析
▶素养解读
本文讲述了作者为了省事而向孩子撒谎的故事,并对自己的行为进行反思,进而有所感悟,引
导考生学会思辨,辩证地看待生活中的问题,并在自我批判中获得对事物的认知和成长,有助
于培养考生良好的思维品质。
▶试题分析
选项包含一定的星级词汇和派生词,加大了试题的难度;选项中词组设置较多,且近五年首次
出现了对名词词组的考查。
庖丁解牛
▶熟词生义
①drive
常见义: vt. 开车,驾驶 本文义: vt. 驱使
②wake up
常见义:醒来,唤醒,弄醒 本文义: 意识到,明白
▶词块积累
do damage to对……造成伤害 What if...? 如果……怎么办?
stare at 盯着,注视 win out (克服困难)终获成功
stand out突出,显眼
解题思路
作者在自己的双胞胎孩子刚学步时,为避免孩子总想通过玻璃滑门出去给其带来麻烦,刻意编
造谎言告诉孩子那是窗户而不是门,而后作者反思自己,后悔对孩子说谎。窗户和门都有重要
的比喻意义,作者害怕对孩子说了这样的谎言后,当孩子人生中的机会出现时,他们会产生怀
疑从而犹豫不前。
41.C 根据后两句可知,作者和妻子说谎的原因(reason)很明显。
42.A 结合下文的"they'll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy"可推知,如果作者和
妻子承认(admit)这是门,孩子们就会一直(constantly)想出去,这会使他们发疯的。
43.B 参见上题解析。gradually"逐渐地";temporarily"暂时地,临时地";casually"随意地,偶然地"。
44.D 由空后的"But"并结合语境可知,此处表示孩子们显然知道真相(truth),即孩子们知道那
是门而不是窗户,但还是会因为父母坚持声称那是窗户而产生犹豫,符合下文作者的联想。
45.A 根据语境可知,作者及妻子坚持说那仅仅是(merely)一个窗户,这已经阻止了孩子们很
多次试图(attempting)开门的请求。
46.D 参见上题解析。
47.C 根据空前一句中的"lying to the kids"和该句中的"discover"可知,有一天,他们会醒悟
(wake up)过来,发现他们一直知道的关于窗户的
一切都是谎言(lie)。win out"(克服困难)终获成功";give up"放弃"; stand out"突出,显眼"。
48.B 参见上题解析。dream"梦,梦想";fantasy"幻想,想象";fact"事实"。
49.A 由第52空后的"our children"的提示可知,此处表示"我在想无论结果如何父母(parents)
是否都应该告知孩子真相"。
50.D 参见上题解析。consequence"结果"符合语境。restriction"限制规定,制约因
素";explanation"解释,说明";difference"不同,分歧"。
51.B 根据最后一段中的"Maybe it's an unreasonable fear"和语境可知,此处表示我感到强烈
的恐惧(fear)。
52.C 根据下文表述的"窗户和门都有重要的比喻意义,我害怕对孩子说
了这样的谎言后,当孩子人生中的机会出现时,他们会产生怀疑从而犹豫不前"可知,此处表示
作者害怕自己所说的谎言正在对孩子造成精神上的(spiritual)伤害。physical"身体的,物质
的";biological"生物的,生物学的";behavioral"行为的,举止的"。
53.B 根据语境和常识可知,窗户和门都有重要的(important)比喻意义。
54.A 根据常识可知,此处表示"倘若他们在以后的人生(life)中,来到一扇就像某种机会的比
喻性的门前,他们会怎么样?"。
55.D 根据下文中的"they just 56 it and wonder,‘What if it isn't a door?’"可知,他们仅仅
是盯着(stare at)这扇门在犹豫而不是(instead of)打开门,抓住机会。by comparison
with"与……相比";in
addition to"除了……";regardless of"不管"。
56.B 参见上题解析。
57.A 根据上文作者把门比作机会可知,此处孩子们可能会对机会的真实性产生怀疑,"如果
这不是一扇门呢?"也就是说"如果这不是一个真正的(real)机会呢?"。
58.C 根据下文表述的作者应该接受要反复告诉孩子现在不能出去的情况可知,底线(bottomline)是作者不应该向孩子说谎。safety rule"安全守则";comfort zone"舒适区";top secret"最高
机密"。
59.D 参见上题解析。
60.C 根据语境可知,如果不对孩子说这样的谎言,那么当他们来到人生的其他门前时,不管
它们是真实的,还是比喻性的,他们会毫不犹豫地(hesitate)打开门走过去。
Cloze 3
语篇类型:记叙文 主题:发错短信引发的故事 词数:237
难度:★★★ 建议时间:15分钟
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually
say "sorry, 41 number!" and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that
clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 43 .
On March 19, Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn't know were at
the hospital, waiting for the 45 of a baby.
"Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken," Dennis 46 . The baby was born
and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her 48 ,
she didn't seem to realize that she was 49 the baby's photos with a complete stranger. "Well,
I don't 50 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby," replied Dennis before
asking which room the new 51 were in.
Much to the family's surprise, Dennis stuck to his 52 ! He turned up at the hospital
53 gifts for the new mother
Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey's husband was totally 54 by the unexpected visit. "I don't
think we would have randomly invited him over but we 55 it and the gifts."
Teresa 56 a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by
the touching words: "What a 58 this young man was to our family! He was so 59 and
kind to do this." The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world,
receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.
41.A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong
42.A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed
43.A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical
44.A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning
45.A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival46.A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated
47.A. coming in B. setting out
C. passing down D. moving around
48.A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort
49.A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing
50.A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother
51.A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors
52.A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle
53.A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making
54.A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated
55.A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect
56.A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted
57.A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied
58.A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem
59.A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair
60.A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust
命题分析
▶素养解读
文章讲述了一个由一条错发的短信引发的故事,字里行间流露出满满的善意,体现了人与人之
间和谐的关系,把积极的价值观传递给考生,引导考生以友好的方式思考生活当中的一些问
题,养成良好的思维品质,培养人文情怀。
▶试题分析
文章考查了动词(10个)、名词(6个)和形容词(4个),突出对语篇层次和意义的考查。
庖丁解牛
▶材料特点
文章选材贴近社会生活实际,启迪考生思考人生。
▶熟词生义
①bear
常见义:n. 熊 v. 忍受,承受,生(孩子) 本文义:v. 携带
②chance
常见义:n. 机会,可能性,偶然 本文义:adj. 意外的,碰巧的
a chance meeting邂逅解题思路
文章主要讲述了Dennis在收到陌生人短信后礼貌回复并到医院探望新生儿的故事。
41.D 根据上文中的"When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown
person"及"sorry"可知,此处表示"错误的号码",故选wrong"错误的"。
42.A 根据上文中的"get a text message"可知,此处所填词的词义应与"get"一致,故选
received"收到"。translate "翻译"; copy"复印,抄写"; print"印刷,刊登"。
43.B 根据句首的"But"及下文内容可知,Dennis所做的事有别于常人,
故选special"不寻常的,特别的"。reasonable"合理的,公道的"; necessary"必要的"; practical"实
际的,切实可行的"。
44.C 根据语境可知,手机短信告诉(informing)他,一对他不认识的夫妇正在医院等待宝宝的
到来。convince"使确信,说服"; remind"提醒,使想起";warn"警告"。
45.D 根据第46空后的"The baby was born and..."可知,此处填入的词在语义上应与"born"一
致,故选arrival。wake-up"唤醒"; recovery
"痊愈,复苏"; growth"生长,增长"。
46.A 根据"Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken"可知,此处是Dennis回复的短
信内容,故选responded"回复"。
interrupt"插嘴,打扰,使中断";predict"预言,预报"; repeat"重复"。
47.A 根据下文内容可知,Dennis收到了新短信,故选coming in"到达,被收到"。set out"起程,
开始工作"; pass down"流传,使世代相传"; move around "四处走动"。
48.C 根据上文中的"The baby was born and...the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa"可知,此处填
入的词应与 "overjoyed(欣喜若狂的)"在语义范畴上一致,故选excitement。
49.D 根据语境可知,此处表示Teresa似乎没意识到她正在和一个陌生人分享(sharing)婴儿
的照片。compare"比较,对比"; exchange"交换"; discuss"讨论"。
50.B 根据上下文语境可知,此处表示"虽然我不认识(know)你们,但我会到那儿和小婴儿拍
合影"。
51.A 此处表示Dennis还没问这对新手父母在哪个房间,故选parents。
52.B 根据下文中的"He turned up at the hospital...the unexpected visit"可知,Dennis履行了他
的承诺(promise),他带着(bearing) 礼物去看了新手妈妈Lindsey和她的宝宝。dream"梦想";
agenda"议事日程";principle"原则,规范,信条"。
53.A 参见上题解析。
54.C Lindsey的丈夫对Dennis突如其来的到访震惊(astonished)极了。discouraged"泄气的";relaxed"放松的";defeated"沮丧的"。
55.C Dennis的到访虽然出乎他们的意料,但他们对此还是非常感激(appreciate)的。
56.D 根据本段最后一句中的"The post has since gained"可知,此处指Teresa在社交网站上张
贴(posted)了一张照片。
57.D 根据语境可知,Teresa在发布照片的同时,还附上(accompanied)了感人的话语。
confirm"确认"; simplify"使简化"; clarify"阐明,澄清,净化"。
58.B 这个年轻人(的到来)对我们家来说是多大的一个福气(blessing)啊! pity"同情";relief"宽
慰,解脱,缓和";problem"问题"。
59.C 根据语境可知,此处填入的词应与其后的"kind"在语义范畴上保
持一致,故选sweet (善良的,好心的)。smart"衣着讲究的,聪明的,高档的,敏捷的";calm"沉着的,
风平浪静的"; fair"合理的,公正的,晴朗的"。
60.B 根据下文中的"receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days"可
知,帖子引起了全世界社交媒体用户的关注(attention)。sympathy"同情";control"控制";trust"信
任"。
五、考法解题能力提升
考法1 考查对语篇主旨的整体把握
命题透视 完形填空是综合性极强的题型,既考查考生在语境中灵活运用基础知识的能
力,又考查考生对语篇主旨大意、逻辑结构和传递的情感态度的理解能力。有些试题需要考
生在把握语篇主题、理解文意的基础上才能找到正确答案。
1 Are you going to school for something your parents pushed on you? Are you doing things
just because others expect you to? I found many 1 in my life coaching lessons. The biggest
one some students are having is that they are living a life someone else has 2 for them.
Why on earth would someone live a life that someone else wants for him? Usually, the main
3 is his parents. When we're growing up, we must do what our parents want us to do. We really
don't have our own 4 . The problem is that most parents are overly 5 that they know
what's the best for their children. Many parents 6 their children to make certain educational
7 . Some parents won't 8 their children's college, unless the children learn 9 what
the parents decide.
Parents aren't the only ones 10 their ideas on my students. I have some students
who are doing jobs they really11 , but their friends or relatives would not support them if they apply for a 12 job they
like better.
Are you allowing others to decide what life you are living now? If so, it is a 13 .
Even if you are about to 14 for college and you find that the only way your parents
will pay school fees for you is that you take up Business, but you want to 15 Art...at this
moment I don't 16 that you choose the major where you have no 17 . Follow your heart.
Remember, 18 choose your major or job that you don't like just because of others'
ideas. If you choose what you like, you will be a(n) 19 person and will positively influence
others. Live the life you want from now on and you will get
20 .
1.A. students B. problems C. examples D. results
2.A. designed B. trained C. introduced D. expressed
3.A. regulation B. reason C. news D. information
4.A. excuses B. complaints C. wishes D. options
5.A. excited B. worried C. confident D. careful
6.A. expect B. permit C. agree D. teach
7.A. challenges B. practices C. experiences D. achievements
8.A. turn to B. learn about C. pay for D. drop in
9.A. approximately B. nearly C. gradually D. precisely
10.A. offering B. forcing C. depending D. trying
11.A. hate B. enjoy C. appreciate D. accept
12.A. familiar B. similar C. different D. terrible
13.A. mistake B. chance C. decision D. character
14.A. send B. look C. head D. wait
15.A. refuse B. learn C. change D. copy
16.A. remember B. trouble C. mind D. suggest
17.A. interest B. explanation C. advantage D. preparation
18.A. sometimes B. never C. often D. still
19.A. beautiful B. clever C. contented D. honest
20.A. success B. happiness C. wealth D. assistance
解析 本文为议论文。作者告诉我们:选择自己喜欢的事情,不受他人影响,遵从自己的内心,这样才会获得快乐,也会给他人带来积极的影响。
1.B 由文章开头两句"Are you going to school for something...
others expect you to?"提到的两方面的问题及下文中的"The biggest one"可知,此处是说在作者
的人生辅导课上,他发现了很多问题。
student"学生";problem"问题";example"例子";result"结果"。
2.A 根据前文作铺垫的两个问题及后文中的"Why on earth would someone live a life that
someone else wants for him?"可知,作者认为一些学生遇到的最大问题是他们过着别人已经为
他们设计好的生活。 design"设计";train"训练";introduce"介绍";express"表达"。
3.B 上一句是Why引出的疑问句,此处回答上文提的问题,强调原因。语境表示"通常,主要
原因是他的父母"。regulation"规则";reason"原
因";news"消息"; information"信息"。
4.D 根据上一句"When we're growing up,we must do what our parents want us to do"可知,在成
长的过程中,我们必须做父母想让我们做的事,我们真的没有自己的选择。excuse"借
口";complaint"抱
怨";wish"愿望";option"选择"。
5.C 此处是说问题在于大多数父母过于自信,认为他们知道什么对孩子最好。excited"激动
的";worried"担忧的";confident"自信的";careful
"仔细的"。
6.A 这里主要讲学生学业方面的选择以及遇到的问题,故推知此处是说许多家长期望他们
的孩子能在学业上有某种成就。expect"期望"; permit"允许";agree"同意";teach"教"。
7.D 参见上题解析。challenge"挑战";practice"实践";experience"经历";achievement"成就"。
8.C 根据下文中的"unless the children learn 9 what the parents decide"可知,此处表示除
非孩子们恰好学习父母决定的(专业),否则一些父母不会为孩子上大学付钱。turn to"向……
求助";learn about"了解";pay for"支付";drop in"顺便访问"。
9.D 参见上题解析。approximately"大约";nearly"几乎";gradually
"逐渐地";precisely"恰好地,准确地"。
10.B 由语境及下一句中的"but their friends or relatives would not support them"可知,此处强
调的是一种强迫的行为,即不是只有父母把他们的想法强加给作者的学生。offer"提
供";force"强迫";depend"依靠";try"尝试"。
11.A 根据下文中的"but their friends or relatives would not support them if they apply for a
12 job they like better"可知,前后为转折关系,后面说如果他们去找他们更喜欢的工作亲戚朋友不支持,那么前文应指一些学生做着他们非常讨厌的工作。hate"讨厌"; enjoy"喜
爱";appreciate"欣赏";accept"接受"。
12.C 一个是他们讨厌的工作,一个是他们喜欢的工作,所以应该是说一份不同的工作。
familiar"熟悉的";similar"相似的";different"不同的"; terrible"可怕的"。
13.A 语境表示"你会允许其他人决定你现在过的生活吗?如果允许,那就是一个……"。根据
后文可知作者不赞成这种做法,故mistake符合语
境。mistake"错误";chance"机会";decision"决定";character"性格"。
14.C 由空后的"for college"和后半句中的"you find that the only way your parents will pay
school fees for you"可知,父母为你支付学费,那么你应该是即将上大学。head for"朝着……行
进",符合语境。
15.B 由"but"可知,前后为转折关系, 前面说你选择商科专业你的父母才为你支付学费,后面
应该表示"你想学习艺术",故B项正确。
16.D 根据下文中的"Follow your heart"可知,作者建议遵从自己的内心;由此可知,作者不建
议选择你不感兴趣的专业。remember"记得"; trouble"使苦恼";mind"介意";suggest"建议"。
17.A 参见上题解析。interest"兴趣";explanation"解释";advantage
"优势"; preparation"准备"。
18.B 根据上文中的"Follow your heart"及下文中的"choose your major or job that you don't
like just because of others ideas"可知,此处应该用含否定含义的词。sometimes"有
时";never"从不";often"常常";still"仍然"。
19.C 根据下文中的"and will positively influence others"可知,如果选择自己喜欢的事情你将
是一个心满意足的人,并将给他人带来积极的影响。contented"满意的,满足的,惬意的"符合语
境。
20.B 由语境可知,选择自己喜欢的事情,过自己想要的生活,这样才会获得快乐。success"成
功";happiness"快乐";wealth"财富";assistance
"助"。
方法总结 完形填空主要考查学生对整体语篇的理解能力和对细节的分析把握能力,要求
学生在做题时能够准确把握作者的写作意图,同时能够瞻前顾后,充分考虑前后文的逻辑关
系,仔细推敲,最终还原语篇。如本篇第20题,学生必须首先抓住作者想要表达的主题,即"选
择自己喜欢的事情才会获得快乐",然后围绕这一主题进行选择。很明显,作者并没有在文中
强调学生要获得成功或者财富,仅仅是想让自己的学生活得快乐、幸福,所以happiness符合语境。
考法2 考查语篇行文逻辑
命题透视 高考非常重视考查考生对文章上下文语境及逻辑关系的把握,通过考查行文
逻辑,进一步考查考生对文章大意的正确理解和考生的思维能力。
One morning I 36 a lost lamb when I was in the top field,near where a motorway cuts
through my land. The lamb had become separated from its 37(mother) , so I jumped out of
the tractor to 38(tend to) it while Don stayed in his seat.
Lamb and mother 39 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from
me. This was so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out.
36.A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned
39.A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined
40.A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult
解析 36. 根据空后中的"The lamb had become separated from its 37(mother)"可推知,此处
应该是作者看见(spotted)一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
39. 根据上文中的"I jumped out of the tractor to 38(tend to) it"可知,作者发现一只迷路的小羊,
于是跳下拖拉机去照顾它;再根据空后的"I
turned back to the tractor"可以判断此处说的是小羊与它的妈妈重聚了(reunited)。故选C。
40. 根据空后的原因状语从句"because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out"可知,作
者跳下车时已经拉上了手刹,所以当作者看到拖拉机突然离作者而去时,作者感到十分意外。
unexpected"出乎意料的";dangerous"危险的";embarrassing"令人尴尬的";difficult"困难的"。故
选A。
方法总结 利用语义关联解题
"语义关联"是指支撑文章主题的句子之间、句群之间、段落之间的意义衔接和走向。语义
关联题旨在考查考生对语篇的整体把握能力,考
生如果没有整体意识,往往很难找出正确答案。解答此类题目时,需要考虑设空处与句内其他
部分、前后句甚至相隔较远的句子在语义上的连贯性。换言之,要充分考虑上下文语境,根据
语义的连贯性解题。
Slat's life began to 22(change) after a holiday trip to Greece with his family when he was
16. Before taking a diving course, he had 23(expected) to see beautiful sea animals.
However, what he 24 saw in the ocean was an awful lot of 25(plastic) waste. From
that moment on, Slat dived into a 26(project) to find a solution to this alarming problem.27(Struck) by the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the oceans, he
28(founded) his company at the age of 18. Although the idea was named one of
the best 29(inventions) of 2015 by TIME, he received 30 feedback from the
specialists in 31(environmental) issues.
24.A. suddenly B. actually C. probably D. rarely
30.A. positive B. valuable C. negative D. immediate
解析 24.句意:然而,在海洋中他实际上看到的是大量的塑料垃圾。根据前文中的"he had
23(expected) to see beautiful sea animals"和空前的"However"可知,本句与前文构成转折关系,
说明实际上(actually)看到的是垃圾。故选B。
30.Although在此引导让步状语从句,从句提及了"the idea was named one of the best
29(inventions)",因此空处所选形容词应为体现相反含义的词negative(消极的)。故选C。
方法总结 巧用逻辑关系标志词解题
从逻辑关系的角度把握整体是解答完形填空题的最佳途径。考生可以通过明显的表示逻辑
关系的标志性词,把答案的逻辑意义推测出来,从而在备选项中找出有相同逻辑意义的选项。
这样就会使题目的难度大大降低。常见的逻辑关系标志词有以下几类:
1.表示转折、对比的however, but, while等。
2.表示因果、目的的therefore, consequently, since, so, in order to等。
3.表示递进的besides, in addition, what's more等。
4.表示时间的before, after, when, while, until, later等。
5.表示"平行结构"的and, or, as well as等。
考法3 考查利用已知信息的能力
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a
"free" course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits...I managed to get an A in that 53 and
learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54(classroom) .
53.A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment
解析 本篇完形填空的第一句话没有设空,是一个完整的句子。据此可知,作者是一名大学
二年级的学生,听说教育系有一门免费的课程,可以得三个学分。文章的首句将作者的身份以
及故事的背景、地点和主要内容完全交代出来了。根据这些信息可预测,下文应该是讲述作
者参加这个课程的故事,因此,第53题应选择course"课程"。故选C。
方法总结 利用首句信息解题
完形填空文章的首句一般是全文的关键句,是文章的"文眼"。通过它,考生可以大致了解全文的概貌和作者的立意。
首句一般不设空,考生应该充分利用此句给出的信息,将它作为一个解题的突破口。细心阅读
并分析首句,往往能获取许多解题信息。
除了文章首句以外,考生还可以利用段落首句来把握文章大意。主题句有时会出现在段落的
开头。
..Still stuck. Meanwhile 39 was breaking out in the class...
To get the students back in order, I 43(shared) my own story of getting my 44 stuck
between the rails of a balcony. Same kind of curiosity, I remembered 45(wondering) then
how far I could thrust(塞)my knee between the rails. Inch by inch, I kept 46(pushing) and before
I knew it, my knee was stuck...
39.A. fire B. chaos C. violence D. argument
44.A. head B. knee C. arm D. foot
解析 39.根据下一段开头的"To get the students back in order"可知,此处表示当时教室里非
常混乱,chaos意为"混乱",符合语境。故选B。
44.从下文中的"could thrust(塞)my knee between"及"my knee was stuck"可得出答案,该空属于
词汇复现。故选B。
方法总结 利用复现信息解题
在完形填空中,有些题目仅仅依据设空所在句的句意或设空前后句的语境无法作出正确判
断。在这种情况下,我们要意识到该题的答案肯定会出现在文中某处,我们把这种现象称
作"信息复现"。
信息复现主要包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现和代词复现
等。做题时,仔细查找上下文,利用这些复现信息解题,往往又快又准。
考法4 考查文化背景和生活常识
命题透视 文化背景知识也是高考考查的必备知识之一。完形填空的语篇一般选取原汁
原味的英语文章,其涉及的文化背景知识非常丰富,且题目设置有时也会渗透着自然科学、中
西方文化、人文风俗、历史文化等方面的知识,也常出现中学生能够感知和体验的日常生活
情境。
方法点拨 利用文化及生活常识解题
在做此类题时,考生可适当利用自身储备的文化背景知识和生活常识,对语境进行分析和判
断,最后选出答案。这将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间。因此考生需要
在平时的学习生活中积累丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识,逐渐培养一定的判断能力,加强不同学科间知识的融合,提高综合能力。
在课堂上,考生可以结合教材进行跨文化知识的学习,比较英汉思维模式的差异,有意识地参
照恰当的文化背景来进行交流;在课外,考生需要广泛阅读,多渠道汲取文化养分,在阅读过程
中多注意其中的文化细节,以便更深层次地理解语言背后的文化因素。考生可以参加戏剧表
演,观看外国电影,接触西方国家的文化,以轻松愉悦的心情体验外国文化并感悟其文化内涵;
还可以与外国友人面对面地用英语交流,或与外国网友交流,在直接的交流中理解外国文化,
锻炼自己跨文化交际的能力。
We love letters. Just as John Donne, a poet, 16(put) it, "Letters, to me andmy friends mean
17(more than) greetings; they get souls together. Thanks to letters, friends who are
18(absent) speak."He wrote these words nearly 400 years ago. Today, in the age of instant text
messages, social media and email, they 19(still) ring truer than ever, because writing or
receiving a letter has become such a 20 event.
20.A. popular B. common C. rare D. simple
解析 根据常识可知,在这个即时短信、社交媒体和电子邮件被广泛应用的时代,人们很少
写信,因此写信或收信已经成了一件稀罕事。故选C。
考法5 考查具体语境中的词语辨析
命题透视 近几年高考完形填空对考生在语篇中准确理解和灵活运用词汇的能力提出了
更高的要求,主要体现在加大了对较生僻的名词、动词(短语)、形容词和副词等实词(主要是
课标双星词、派生词)词义的考查力度,同时也加大了对基础词活用的考查力度。
方法点拨 完形填空对词汇的考查以实词为主,因此,考生在复习备考过程中,除了要夯实
基础,掌握基本的词汇知识外,还应特别关注一词多义、熟词生义等现象,注意积累完形填空
中的高频语块,掌握构词法的相关知识,扩充词汇储备。
...I took advantage of my brief 39(freedom) to dash across the lawn(草坪) — and hit a large maple
tree!I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and 40 on my backside. Mom 41
me to start crying,but I just sat there for a minute. Then I 42 myself up and kept right on
going. Mom always 43(adds) here that, as many times as I 44 across the lawn after
that,I never again 45 into that tree.
Mom loves to use this story as an 46(example) . It reminds her that children don't enter life
47(afraid) to take risks or unwilling to 48(try) again when they fall down. She never
wanted me to lose that 49 as I grew older.40.A. landed B. slept C. laughed D. wept
41.A. promised B. encouraged C. allowed D. expected
42.A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave
44.A. drove B. lived C. stood D. zoomed
45.A. crashed B. broke C. climbed D. looked
49.A. honesty B. toughness C. kindness D. curiosity
解析 40.bounce off从……弹回。此处是说因为作者跑得太快了,撞在树干上被弹回,并仰
面着地。 land on one's backside"仰面着地",land在此处用作动词,表示"降落,着陆"。故选
A。
41.由前一句作者仰面着地的状况,空后的"me to start crying,but I just
sat there for a minute"及选项可知,应该是母亲预料作者会哭。故选D。
42.结合前文描述,再根据空后的"myself up and kept right on going"可知,作者站起来,继续前
进。pick oneself up"(跌倒后)站起来"。 wake...up"唤醒……";warm...up"使……活跃起
来";give...up"放弃……"。故选B。
44.结合上文中的"dash across the lawn(草坪)"可知,此处表示与上文相同的情况,作者以后很多
次快速跑过草坪。zoom"快速移动"符合语境。zoom属于较生僻的词,部分考生由于词汇知
识掌握不牢固而选错。故
选D。
45.结合语境及上文中的"hit a large maple free"可知,有了这次经历之
后,作者再也没有撞到那棵树上。因此选crashed,意为"撞击"。故选A。
49.上文讲到了作者的坚强,结合空处语境可知,此处是说,母亲不想让作者失去那份韧性。
toughness 属于派生词,考生可根据 tough"坚强的,坚韧不拔的"来推断 toughness 的含
义,toughness"韧性,坚韧"; honesty"诚实"; kindness"善良";curiosity"好奇心"。故选B。
However, while being there, I got phenomenal 15(energy) from all the runners, smiling and
applauding constantly. Not a runner myself, I thought maybe I could give running a 16 , just
to try, to use my neglected gym membership and see where it 17(takes) me. And so I
tried. I went to my local gym the next morning and got on a treadmill (跑步机).I was out of breath
by the fifth minute, but I 18(slowed) down, walked for a bit and then restarted. I came back
the next day, hoping to 19 a few minutes longer. By the end of two weeks, I could run for 30
minutes, which was a huge 20(success) .
16.A. lift B. shot C. break D. choice19.A. last B. walk C. rest D. function
解析 16.根据"just to try"可知,作者想试试跑步。shot作名词常见义项为"射击;射门;注射;
镜头", 这里意为"尝试,努力",属于熟词生义。故选B。
19.上文说第五分钟时作者已经上气不接下气了,再结合空后的"a few minutes longer"可知,这
里表示作者第二天又来了,希望自己可以多持续几分钟。last在此作动词,表示"持续,延续"。
故选A。
考法6 考查词语习惯搭配
命题透视 近几年的完形填空题仍保持对习惯用法和词语搭配进行考查,通过考查习惯
搭配来考查考生的词汇储备和运用能力。
方法点拨 牢记固定搭配
词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配,特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配,在完形填空题中占
有一定比例。如果考生在备考时能牢固地掌握常见的习惯用法或固定搭配,并在解题时灵活
运用,就能达到事半功倍的效果。
When our girls are brave enough, they are free to explore in their learning and in life. That
exploration leads to the discovery of their talents, passions and weaknesses. On Saturday night I
saw one of our students act so bravely that it took my 22 away.
22.A. pain B. breath C. faith D. concern
解析 句意:星期六晚上,我看到我们的一名学生表现得如此勇敢,这令我惊叹。take one's
breath away是固定搭配,表示"令某人惊叹"。故选B。
I laughed my head 28 while going out with friends, and cried my eyes out at the death of a
loved one while traveling.
28.A. down B. in C. out D. off
解析 这里表示"当我和朋友们外出时,我大笑不止"。laugh one's head off为习惯搭配,意
为"大笑不止,狂笑不已",与后面的cried my eyes out形成鲜明的情感对比。其他选项不能构
成搭配。cry one's eyes out意为"痛哭不止"。故选D。
六、分类记忆完形重点词汇
以下为近三年高考完形填空的选项中出现过的重点词汇,考生在备考时,可分类进行强化记
忆。
1.动词(词组)
accompany陪伴;为……伴奏[2018全国Ⅲ]address称呼;演说;写姓名地址[2019北京]
admit承认;准许进入[2020全国Ⅰ]
adopt采用;收养[2019全国Ⅱ]
advocate提倡,主张[2020江苏;2019全国Ⅰ]
allocate分配[2020全国Ⅱ] analyze分析[2018全国Ⅰ]
appeal呼吁;有吸引力;上诉[2018全国Ⅱ]
appoint委派,任命[2020天津] assess评估[2019北京]
assume假定[2020全国Ⅲ] attach附,系,贴[2020全国Ⅱ]
attempt企图,尝试[2020全国Ⅰ、 江苏、天津]
bargain讨价还价[2020全国Ⅱ]
bathe(以光线)撒满,覆盖;使沐浴(在光线里)[2018全国Ⅱ]
bear忍受;承受 [2018全国Ⅲ] blow up爆炸;充气[2019全国Ⅰ]
break down使分解;发生故障;失败;垮掉 [2020天津]
calm down(使)平静,镇静,安静[2019全国Ⅱ]
cancel 取消,撤销[2020全国Ⅱ] catch up赶上[2020浙江]
cater for满足需要,适合[2020江苏]
claim要求;宣称,断言[2020 & 2018天津;2020江苏]
clarify阐明,澄清[2018全国Ⅲ]
come along跟着来;不期而至;进步[2019天津]
confirm确认,证实[2018全国Ⅲ]
convince使信服;说服[2020天津;2019北京;2018全国Ⅲ]
cool down使冷却下来;使变凉[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
count数数;重要[2019全国Ⅰ] deliver 递送;发表[2019北京]
depend on依赖,依靠;取决于[2018天津]
deserve值得[2019全国Ⅰ] distinguish 辨别,分清[2020江苏]
encounter遭遇;邂逅[2019天津] evaluate评估 [2018全国Ⅰ]
expand扩大[2018天津] expose揭露;暴露[2020全国Ⅱ、江苏]
fade away逐渐消失;衰弱[2019全国Ⅰ]
forbid禁止;阻止[2019全国Ⅲ、江苏]
frame表达;制订;给……做框[2020全国Ⅱ]
get hold of抓住;理解[2020全国Ⅰ]
give away赠送;泄露[2019浙江]give way to让步;让……先行[2019全国Ⅰ]
go back to追溯到;回到[2019全国Ⅰ]
hold back阻挡;踌躇;隐瞒;控制[2020浙江]
hold on to抓紧;坚持[2019全国Ⅰ]
identify认出,识别[2019天津] imply暗示[2020天津]
jump at匆匆得出(结论等);欣然接受[2018全国Ⅰ]
keep off使……不接近 [2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)、天津]
live up to不辜负,符合[2019全国Ⅰ]
look back回顾;回头看[2019天津]
make out辨别;理解[2020天津] matter要紧[2019全国Ⅲ]
measure测量[2019北京] move around走来走去[2018全国Ⅲ]
pass down传递;流传[2018全国Ⅲ] pave铺;创造条件[2019北京]
pay off偿清;买通;成功[2019全国Ⅰ]
permit允许,准许[2019全国Ⅰ]
predict预言,预报[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东);2019全国Ⅱ、全国Ⅲ]
purify 净化;精炼[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
put away把……放回原处;留存[2020天津、北京]
quit停止;离开;退出;离任[2018浙江]
recite背诵,朗诵[2019北京] reflect反映;反射[2020江苏]
register登记;记录[2020全国Ⅱ] repeat重复;复述 [2019天津]
reserve预订;保留[2020全国Ⅱ] reunite(使)重逢,再次相聚[2020浙江]
roll over翻过来;将(债务)转期,允许延期偿还(欠款)[2019全国Ⅱ]
run into偶然遇见;撞上[2020浙江] seize抓住;夺取[2019江苏]
set out出发;开始工作[2018全国Ⅲ] settle on选定,决定[2019北京]
simplify使简化,使简易[2018全国Ⅲ]
spot 发现,看见[2020浙江;2019天津]
spread out伸展身体;摊开东西;散开[2019全国Ⅰ]
stand out突出;出色;显眼[2020全国Ⅰ]
stare at凝视[2020全国Ⅰ] submit顺从;提交 [2020全国Ⅱ]
submit to屈服[2020江苏] swear发誓;咒骂[2020全国Ⅲ]
switch改变;交换[2020浙江] take off起飞;脱掉;取消[2020浙江]
tear apart撕毁;使不快[2020天津] tend to倾向,易于;照料[2020浙江]tremble(因紧张、激动、惊慌等)颤抖,哆嗦[2019全国Ⅱ]
urge鞭策;催促 [2019北京;2018全国Ⅰ]
win out(克服困难)终获成功[2020全国Ⅰ]
witness目击;见证[2020全国Ⅱ]
2.名词
advance前进;进展[2018全国Ⅱ]
agenda议事日程[2019江苏;2018全国Ⅲ]
aid援助;助,救援 [2019浙江] alarm警报;警报器[2019天津]
application应用;申请[2018北京]
atmosphere大气;空气[2019全国Ⅰ、天津]
belongings财物[2020全国Ⅲ] blessing祝福;赞同[2018全国Ⅲ]
bonus红利;意外收获 [2020 & 2019江苏]
budget预算[2018江苏] burden负担 [2018浙江、天津]
catalogue目录[2020全国Ⅲ] coincidence巧合[2018全国Ⅱ]
colleague同事[2020全国Ⅰ] combination结合[2019江苏]
comment评论;批评[2018全国Ⅰ]
commitment承诺,保证;投入[2020江苏]
companion同伴[2019江苏] competitor竞争者,对手[2018全国Ⅰ]
conclusion结尾,结束;结论[2018天津] conflict冲突[2019浙江]
consequence结果,后果[2020全国Ⅰ;2019江苏]
contents内容;目录[2019天津] convenience便利[2019北京]
criterion标准,准则[2018全国Ⅰ]
decline下降,减少[2019江苏;2018天津]
defeat挫败[2018天津] delay延误[2019天津]
delight高兴,快乐[2018全国Ⅱ]
depression沮丧;萧条期[2020江苏]
detail细节[2019天津;2018北京]
dilemma(进退两难的)困境[2020江苏]
discovery发现[2020 天津] fantasy幻想[2020全国Ⅰ]
finance金融,财政;资金[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
fortune运气;命运[2018天津] impression印象[2018全国Ⅰ]
instructor讲师[2018全国Ⅰ] intention意图,打算[2020 & 2018天津]limitation限制;限度[2020江苏] negotiation谈判,协商[2019北京]
opposition反对,反抗[2020江苏] presentation提交,出示[2018全国Ⅰ]
privilege特权;荣幸[2019北京] qualification资格;资历[2018全国Ⅰ]
receptionist接待员[2020全国Ⅲ] recovery恢复,痊愈[2018全国Ⅲ]
recreation消遣,娱乐[2019江苏]
relief减轻;轻松[2020全国Ⅰ;2018全国Ⅱ、全国Ⅲ]
restriction限制,约束[2020全国Ⅰ] sacrifice牺牲,舍弃[2019江苏]
shame羞愧;耻辱[2018天津] shelter避难处[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
sympathy同情;支持[2018全国Ⅲ] target目标;靶子[2020全国Ⅰ]
tension紧张;矛盾[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
thrill激动[2018天津] title标题;称号,头衔[2018全国Ⅰ]
urge强烈的欲望[2018北京] urgency紧急,急迫[2018浙江]
vehicle车辆,交通工具;手段[2020浙江]
3.形容词
accessible可得到的,可接近的,可进入的[2019天津]
allergic过敏的;反感的[2019全国Ⅱ]
artificial人造的[2019全国Ⅰ] awful糟糕的[2020浙江]
awkward令人尴尬的;笨拙的[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)、天津;2019北京]
behavioral行为的[2020全国Ⅰ]
beneficial有利的,有益的[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
biological生物的;生物学的[2020全国Ⅰ]
catastrophic灾难性的[2020江苏]
concerned担心的;感兴趣的,关切的[2019天津]
concrete具体的;实在的;混凝土制的[2020全国Ⅱ]
constant不变的;不断的[2018江苏]
convenient便利的,方便的[2019天津]
crucial至关重要的[2020江苏]
demanding苛求的;费力的[2019浙江]
desirable理想的,可取的[2020浙江]
embarrassing为难的;令人尴尬的[2020浙江、天津]
enthusiastic热心的,热情的,热烈的[2019天津]
extra额外的[2019北京;2018浙江]extraordinary非凡的;特别的[2020江苏]
extreme极度的[2019全国Ⅱ]
fantastic极好的[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)、江苏]
flat平坦的;扁平的[2019全国Ⅲ]
fresh新鲜的;清新的;新近的[2019全国Ⅰ]
illegal非法的,不合法的[2019 & 2018江苏]
influential有很大影响的[2020江苏]
innocent清白的,无辜的;纯真的[2020江苏]
inspiring激励的,鼓舞人心的[2019江苏]
longing渴望的[2019天津]
loose疏松的;宽松的[2018江苏]
occasional偶然的;临时的[2018江苏]
particular专指的;特别的[2020全国Ⅲ]
permanent永久的,长久的[2019全国Ⅰ]
practical 可行的;实际的[2018全国Ⅲ]
precious珍奇的,珍稀的[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
preventable可避免的,可预防的[2020江苏]
rare稀罕的,珍贵的[2018全国Ⅰ]
reasonable合理的;通情达理的;公道的[2018全国Ⅲ]
reliable可靠的;可信的[2018 浙江]
rewarding报酬高的;有益的,值得做的[2019 & 2018 浙江]
ridiculous荒谬的,荒唐的[2019北京]
risky有危险的,冒险的[2019天津]
selfless无私的[2019天津] sharp灵敏的[2018全国Ⅱ]
significant重要的;重大的[2019全国Ⅰ] skeptical怀疑的[2019全国Ⅰ]
smart时髦的;漂亮的;聪明的;敏捷的[2018全国Ⅲ]
specific明确的;特定的[2020江苏] stubborn顽固的,执拗的[2020天津]
suspicious可疑的;怀疑的[2019北京]
thrilled欣喜若狂的[2018全国Ⅱ] tolerant宽容的,容忍的[2019江苏]
tough棘手的,艰苦的[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
typical特有的;典型的,有代表性的[2020全国Ⅰ]
unappealing不好看的,无吸引力的[2020全国Ⅱ]unexpected出人意料的[2020浙江]
willing愿意的;乐于相助的[2019全国Ⅱ]
4.副词
anyway即使这样;无论如何[2020江苏]
apparently看来,显然[2020全国Ⅱ]
casually随便地;漫不经心地[2020全国Ⅰ、全国Ⅲ、江苏;2019全国Ⅱ]
cautiously小心地,谨慎地[2019全国Ⅱ]
cheerfully高高兴兴地 [2019江苏]
constantly重复不断地[2020全国Ⅰ]
consequently因此,所以[2019全国Ⅰ;2018江苏]
continually不断地;频繁地[2020江苏]
entirely完全地,全部地[2019浙江]
eventually最后,终于[2020全国Ⅱ、天津;2018全国Ⅰ、江苏]
frankly老实说;坦率地[2018全国Ⅱ]
frequently频繁地;经常[2020天津]
gracefully优美地;得体地[2020江苏]
gradually逐渐地[2019全国Ⅲ] honestly诚实地[2018天津]
individually分别地,单独地[2018天津] initially最初[2018江苏]
instead代替,反而[2019全国Ⅲ、江苏]
moreover此外,而且 [2020 & 2019江苏]
normally通常;正常地[2018全国Ⅰ]
obviously显然[2020浙江;2019全国Ⅰ、全国Ⅲ]
occasionally偶尔[2020天津]
otherwise否则[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)]
precisely精确地;恰好地[2019全国Ⅲ]
previously先前地;之前[2020天津]
purposefully有目的地[2020天津]
randomly随机地[2020 天津]
similarly相似地,类似地[2019全国Ⅲ]
skillfully巧妙地;技术好地[2019全国Ⅱ]
specifically专门地;明确地,具体地[2020全国Ⅱ]
temporarily暂时地,临时地[2020全国Ⅰ、全国Ⅱ;2018江苏]七、注意积累熟词生义
近几年高考完形填空对熟词生义的考查逐渐增多,考查考生结合语境灵活运用词汇的能
力。以下是整理的近五年高考完形填空中考查过的熟词生义。
词汇 熟义 生义
battle n.战斗,斗争 v.竞争[2020全国Ⅱ]
bear v.忍受;生(孩子),结(果实) v.携带 [2018全国Ⅲ]
book n.书 v.预订[2016全国Ⅱ]
bridge n.桥梁 v.弥合(差距)[2019江苏]
chair n.椅子 v.主持(会议、讨论等)[2017
全国Ⅰ]
clear adj.清楚的,明白的 v.放晴[2019全国Ⅰ]
cover v.覆盖;遮盖;涉及;够付;占;报 v.行走(一段路程)[2019北京]
道
n.封面;防护;覆盖
difficult adj.困难的 adj.难以讨好的,难以取悦的
[2020全国Ⅲ]
face n.脸,面部 v.面对 n.表面[2019全国Ⅰ]
续表
除了选项中涉及较多熟词生义外,语篇中也会出现,比如2020全国Ⅲ最后一段中的row,常见
含义为"一行,一排",但在该语境中表示"争吵",have a row with sb.表示"与某人争吵"。考生在
平时多注意积累,在考试中才会游刃有余。
词汇 熟义 生义
hit v.击,打 v.使突然想起[2016江苏]
original adj.起初的 n.原作[2020全国Ⅱ]
privilege n.特权 n.荣幸[2019北京]
raise v.举起;筹募 v.饲养[2019江苏]
read v.阅读;朗读 v.写着;猜测;懂得[2020天津]
run v.跑步 v.管理;经营[2020全国Ⅱ]
sign n.标记;迹象 v.签(名) v.打手语[2017全国Ⅰ]
spot n. 点,地点,污点 v.发现[2020浙江]
update v.更新 n.最新消息[2017全国Ⅱ]
water n.水 v.给……浇水,灌溉[2020新高
考Ⅰ(山东)]八、精选考点题型专练
类型1 记叙文
Cloze 1
考点分布
主题 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
坚持钢琴梦想 5 5 4 0 0 1 0 291 14分钟
When I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010, we were in the fallout of the recession (经
济衰退). She said a polite "No".
That didn’t stop me. I searched for the 1 for a keyboard on the Internet, drew the keys
on a piece of paper and 2 it on my desk. I would click notes on an online 3 and
"play" them back on my paper one — keeping the _ _ 4 they made on the computer in my
head. Once my mom saw that I was 5 , she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.
I still remember the first one. I was 6 by how real the sound of the piano was. I 7
my grade one test after eight lessons. But when I started secondary school, we couldn’t 8
lessons again. I passed grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper.
When I was about 13, my mom said she had a 9 for me; it was an electronic keyboard,
bought with 1 0 _ _ borrowed money. It was the first time I’d played for her.
Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians. The tryouts were 1 1 . Some of the
questions 12 an assessment of the composer or when the music was written. I felt stressed
out. To my amazement, I was offered a 1 3 . At Purcell, I saved enough to buy my first piano.
When I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior academic music prize. I am now at the
Guildhall School of Music & Drama in London, one of the world’s leading music schools. I feel
proud: it’s been 10 years 14 I drew my paper piano. I continue to do a lot of my practice
away from the piano: what we call 15 practice. The paper piano helped solve my curiosity
about how music works and what forms the masterpieces.
1.A. measurements B. tunes C. paintings D. scales
2.A. folded B. piled C. wrapped D. stuck
3.A. screen B. course C. keyboard D. website
4.A. voice B. sound C. whisper D. record
5.A. nervous B. disappointed C. satisfied D. serious6.A. amused B. frightened C. struck D. accessed
7.A. ran into B. got across C. passed by D. went through
8.A. afford B. perform C. postpone D. participate
9.A. secret B. task C. question D. surprise
10.A. little B. less C. much D. more
11.A. easy B. tough C. enjoyable D. fulfilling
12.A. related B. completed C. involved D. collected
13.A. role B. prize C. place D. refund
14.A. after B. since C. until D. before
15.A. mental B. abundant C. false D. fancy
Cloze 2
考点分布
主题 词数建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
南极探险改变人生 6 5 2 1 0 1 0 184 12分钟
My journey to isolation(隔离) was somewhat accidental.
I saw an advertisement for a job as a leader for an expedition(探险) to Antarctica — and I
have to 1 it was the penguin in the ad that 2 my attention. The ad noted that they were
looking for someone to lead a 3 of expeditioners in one of the most 4 and isolated
places on the planet. I took part in an 5 and then got a job that I knew I would regret if I
didn’t 6 it. Leading 18 strangers for a full year — through months of darkness and with
no 7 from the extreme cold — I learned some 8 lessons.
After the journey, I wrote two best-selling books and became a motivational speaker. Being
in isolation meant I had to do lots of 9 . I kept a 10 , and every day I would think 11
about how I had operated as a leader. That discipline of 12 myself taught me how to tell
right from wrong.
I often think back to 1 3 I saw the picture of the penguin that 1 4 me to look at the
ad for the job. It’s a moment that 1 5 my life completely.
1.A. admit B. believe C. indicate D. realize
2.A. demanded B. deserved C. caught D. needed
3.A. flood B. couple C. team D. handful
4.A. awful B. remote C. promising D. disturbing
5.A. experiment B. interview C. election D. investigation6.A. make for B. prepare for C. register for D. go for
7.A. escape B. departure C. protection D. defence
8.A. hard B. powerful C. private D. terrible
9.A. service B. repair C. study D. reflection
10.A. pet B. secret C. journal D. promise
11.A. clearly B. carefully C. highly D. badly
12.A. evaluating B. forgiving C. behaving D. enjoying
13.A. where B. why C. when D. how
14.A. enabled B. permitted C. allowed D. inspired
15.A. improved B. formed C. ended D. changed
Cloze 3
考点分布
主题 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
后院的小鸟 9 4 2 0 0 0 0 247 14分钟
We have lived in this house in Arizona for a few years now. In our 1 there is a
swimming pool and two trees that are taller than the house.
The first spring we were here we 2 what was to become a common phenomenon. There
is a period of several weeks when baby birds fall from the trees and 3 in our backyard every
year. Most of the time they are strong and 4 and just need a few days to learn to fly.
At first we had to frighten our cats and dog away as they 5 the birds. Perhaps, our pets
thought these little 6 were toys for them to play with. We quickly 7 that our
backyard was no place for bigger animals during this 8 time for the little birds to learn to
fly.
Every spring, when our dog and cats want to take a 9 in the backyard, we let the dog
out only in the front yard and the cats 10 indoors. During this time my husband and I 11
the birds in the backyard.
Sometimes the birds have to be saved from the swimming pool because the water might
12 them. Sometimes they have to be 13 on the branches of the trees as they can’t fly up.
Every baby bird needs a safe place to 14 and grow up, just like us when we are not strong.
Thus, it would make a great 15 if we could be kind enough to whoever might be in need of
help or in an unfortunate situation.1.A. garden B. garage C. backyard D. house
2.A. heard B. expected C. understoodD. noticed
3.A. get about B. wake up C. settle downD. make up
4.A. powerful B. healthy C. friendly D. beautiful
5.A. scared B. approached C. killed D. observed
6.A. creatures B. friends C. wonders D. neighbors
7.A. denied B. proved C. declared D. realized
8.A. comfortable B. precious C. boring D. dark
9.A. break B. chance C. shower D. seat
10.A. play B. jump C. stay D. chase
11.A. watch out forB. mix up with C. search for D. play with
12.A. flood B. drown C. poison D. reach
13.A. sought B. supported C. hung D. placed
14.A. stand B. struggle C. walk D. land
15.A. choice B. promise C. difference D. decision
类型2 其他语篇类型
Cloze 4
考点分布
主题 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
鼓励 6 5 2 1 0 1 0 207 12分钟
I remember my high school English teacher telling me not to apply to Cornell University. My
teacher said they wouldn’t accept me and even if they did I wouldn’t be able to 1 it through
the years. I almost 2 but a few days later I came across Ivan Foldfarb, a former teacher, who
told me 3 , "You apply. You can do it." His words made all the 4 . I put in my application
and was 5 .
Too often we think it’s our 6 to help make someone aware of "reality". We think we
must point out how 7 __ the job market is as well as how bad the economy is. This world
never lacks " 8 " and pessimists. It calls for more optimists and encouragers who say, "I
believe in you. Have the 9 , and you will have the power to make it happen. We may 1 0
lots of barriers, but we’ll get the project finished. Even if you fail, it’ll lead to something more
11 ." I know that every one of us loves working for and with people who 1 2 the best in us.We love being around people who bring us 13 and uplift us. 14 we’ll always
remember the negative people, we will always treasure those who encourage us.
So share encouragement. It 1 5 and we all need it.
1.A. get B. make C. believe D. catch
2.A. stood by B. pulled through C. drew back D. turned away
3.A. honestly B. proudly C. firmly D. delightedly
4.A. sense B. excuses C. messes D. difference
5.A. permitted B. admitted C. assisted D. approached
6.A. responsibility B. fault C. honour D. schedule
7.A. considerable B. stable C. promising D. crowded
8.A. speakers B. realists C. supporters D. guides
9.A. fondness B. effect C. optimism D. desire
10.A. overcome B. ignore C. create D. meet
11.A. worthwhile B. influential C. uncommon D. complex
12.A. bring up B. bring out C. bring in D. bring down
13.A. challenge B. opportunity C. comfort D. pleasure
14.A. When B. If C. While D. Unless
15.A. spreads B. progresses C. matters D. cares
Cloze 5
考点分布
主题 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
2020年的Rube Goldberg比赛 6 4 2 2 1 0 0 212 12分钟
Every year, the Rube Goldberg competition considers inventions made from everyday items.
They use complex systems to carry out a 1 task, like opening an umbrella or watering a
plant. The task for 2020 was supposed to be "turn on a light". 2 , when a pandemic(流行病)
happened, it was changed to "drop a piece of 3 into someone’s hand".Most of those taking
part in the competition are 4 . In past years, they built the machines 5 and on teams at
school. But with schools closing to slow the spread of the virus, organizers 6 the rules. This
year, competitors were 7 to send in videos of the machines to compete. And the team
can include family members. One thing 8 : The machine still must complete the task in 10 to
20 steps.One of the impressive 9 was from Maryland. 11-year-old Caitlin and her 13-year-old
brother Ben firstly designed their machine. After six hours and 106 10 — the soap finally
dropped right into Caitlin’s waiting hands — they 11 it. In the video submitted, they 12
the process.
Health experts say washing hands 13 is an important protection against diseases. Kids
may be 14 if they’re thinking about a deadly virus each time they wash their hands. So, a
fun competition may help to 15 good feelings about a task they must do over and over
again.
1.A. challenging B. simple C. casual D. special
2.A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. However
3.A. bread B. soap C. news D. advice
4.A. volunteers B. families C. children D. professionals
5.A. in person B. in private C. in advance D. in theory
6.A. observed B. abandoned C. broke D. adjusted
7.A. recommended B. forced C. required D. preferred
8.A. changed B. improved C. remained D. appeared
9.A. images B. entries C. themes D. choices
10.A. attempts B. projects C. decisions D. models
11.A. got B. made C. took D. beat
12.A. evaluated B. monitored C. reviewed D. demonstrated
13.A. repeatedly B. immediately C. occasionally D. slowly
14.A. amused B. astonished C. afraid D. annoyed
15.A. remember B. understand C. expect D. create
类型3 人与自然生态环保
注:2020新高考Ι(山东)（植树造林,改善环境）也属于该类型(见P218)。
Cloze 6
考点分布
主题 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
保护乞力马扎罗山 8 7 4 1 0 0 0 226 12分钟
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.
They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The
glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the _ _ 4 3 of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as
"purer" natural experiences.
However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of
46 among tons of rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the
paths. The environmental challenges are 4 8 _ _ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National
Park Authority seem to be 4 9 .
The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are
51 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as
53 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a
rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the
weather 55 — low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass.
I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland 57
: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow
and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 6 0 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining
the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.
41.A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42.A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43.A. position B. age C. face D. name
44.A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45.A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46.A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47.A. remote B. quiet C. tall D. clean
48.A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49.A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50.A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51.A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52.A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53.A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54.A. holding on toB. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55.A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits56.A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57.A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58.A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59.A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60.A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
Cloze 7
考点分布
主题 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
拯救白枕鹤 6 9 2 2 1 0 0 252 15分钟
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species(物种) that are 36
every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 37
the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their 38 . Emma, a female
crane, has been in their 3 9 since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 40 by human caretakers. This led
to an unexpected 41 , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 42 taken
herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 43 to live with male cranes,
and even had a 44 for killing some of them, which made it 45 for her to become a
mother.
46 , the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝) of this precious species.
With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 47 of artificial breeding(人工
繁殖) and natural reproduction. This 4 8 _ _ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be 49 , more
efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 50 , and many
other species appear headed toward extinction. _ _ 51 , not everyone has realized that wildlife
has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and
Tim offered us the 53 : human beings took it for granted that their 54 held all the
solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better 5 5 .
36.A. growingB. migrating C. competing D. disappearing
37.A. ban B. save C. split D. remove38.A. abortionB. recreation C. reproduction D. administration
39.A. care B. eye C. mind D. story
40.A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized
41.A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice
42.A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully
43.A. liked B. refused C. decided D. hesitated
44.A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation
45.A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible
46.A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
47.A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system
48.A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled
49.A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant
50.A. list B. rise C. agenda D. decline
51.A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary
52.A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify
53.A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward
54.A. brains B. behaviors C. services D. projects
55.A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion
类型4 人与社会人际关系和谐
Cloze 8
考点分布
主题 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
势必有因,微笑面对 8 3 6 1 2 0 0 233 15分钟
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feel
affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42 their handbag’s
been stolen.They’ll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoc(混乱) and then
44 it had been in their car all the time.They’ll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want
the only style you don’t have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get,
but I try to persuade them to keep 4 7 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 49
absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a
"regular".After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split upwith her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since she’d found it too much
to cope with(应对), she’d taken it out on 5 3 people.
That taught me a valuable 5 4 and I pass it on to the people who 5 5 in the market.
Don’t take it 56 .If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she’s had a row with her
husband. Maybe her child’s not 57 ."Always water it down and don’t let your ego(自我) get
58 .If you do, you won’t be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant
scene and that 6 0 everyone’s day.
41.A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42.A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43.A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44.A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45.A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46.A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47.A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48.A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49.A. curious aboutB. displeased with C. patient withD. uncertain about
50.A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51.A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52.A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53.A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54.A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55.A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56.A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57.A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58.A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59.A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60.A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
类型5 人与自我个人经历及感悟
Cloze 9
考点分布
主题 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代背包失而复得 11 6 2 1 0 0 0 383 18分钟
My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our family get-
together in the town of Vail.
On Saturday, we all went to the market right in the middle of the town. Near the end, we all
11 at the fountain near the bridge, and the kids waded(蹚水) around in the fountain until we
12 . This is one of the busiest walking streets.
After we returned to the hotel late in the afternoon, my 7-year-old son Ponder 13 that
nowhere could he find his backpack, which 1 4 his Gameboy and his watch. After a thorough
15 , we determined that he must have left it at the fountain.
Ponder has never 16 anything. So we just take for granted that he needs no
supervision(指导) for managing his _ _ 1 7 .
He was upset, not about the Gameboy, but about the watch. "But Dad," he said, through
massive 1 8 , "they don’t make that kind of watch anymore." We were all very 1 9 .
Our dinner reservation was at a restaurant just on the other side of the bridge, so I 20
him that we would not only search the area around the fountain when we went back for dinner, but
we would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been 2 1 .
As we exited from the parking garage, we could see the fountain as we walked down the long
staircase. I saw something black 22 there, but it was right next to a woman standing by the
fountain, so I could not 2 3 what it was or if it was hers.
"See it, Dad?" Ponder shouted. "Don’t get too 24 because that may not be it," I said.
But that was it. It had been five or six hours since we left the fountain, and it was 25 there.
There was no ID in it, and it looked like someone had looked through it and then set it right out
where all could 2 6 it.
I literally 2 7 when we reached it and it was his! Everyone in our party was blown away
by this "miracle(奇迹)". In my wildest 28 , I would never have imagined that this could
happen nowadays.
What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect 29 for a child in losing something
important...to lose it and feel the full 3 0 of that loss, and then to miraculously get it back.
11.A. drove B. hiked C. met D. united
12.A. landed B. left C. settled D. slept
13.A. responded B. recognised C. realised D. recalled14.A. contained B. combined C. comprised D. covered
15.A. preparation B. checkup C. revision D. search
16.A. wasted B. lost C. sought D. deserted
17.A. emotion B. time C. money D. stuff
18.A. tears B. fists C. reliefs D. outbreaks
19.A. hesitant B. curious C. sad D. eager
20.A. promised B. informed C. warned D. taught
21.A. worn out B. caught up C. put away D. turned in
22.A. hiding B. sitting C. swinging D. flowing
23.A. assess B. declare C. tell D. predict
24.A. excited B. puzzled C. relaxed D. amused
25.A. already B. even C. almost D. still
26.A. take B. see C. touch D. protect
27.A. panicked B. exploded C. collapsed D. cried
28.A. dreams B. claims C. efforts D. passions
29.A. mode B. lesson C. option D. plot
30.A. range B. pressure C. weight D. harvest
