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完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解基础上运用词汇和语法的能力。在一篇 230词左右的
短文中留出15个空白，要求考生从每题所给的四个选项中选出正确选项，使补全后的短文
意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
题目类型
形 感 高考
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 名 动 副 介 连 习
容 叹 动向
词 词 词 词 词 语
词 词
难忘的 1.设题规律
新高考
记叙文 野营经 5 5 3 1 1 0 0 0 以动词、名
全国Ⅰ卷
历 词为主，其
因狗结 次是形容
全国甲卷 记叙文 缘，终 7 8 1 3 0 0 0 1 词、副词。
2022
成眷属 着重考查考
孩子遮 生的词汇运
住眼睛 用能力、阅
全国乙卷 说明文 7 7 4 2 0 0 0 0
玩捉迷 读理解能
藏 力、分析判
在烘焙 断能力、逻
新高考
记叙文 厂做临 4 9 2 0 0 0 0 0 辑推理能力
全国Ⅰ卷
时工 和跨文化交
带辣香 际能力。
1
全国甲卷 记叙文 肠住酒 4 4 1 0 0 0 1 2.选材特点
2021 0
店 主题语境包
女病人 括人与自
向医护 1 我、人与自
全国乙卷 记叙文 6 1 2 0 0 1 0
人员致 0 然和人与社
谢 会，选材原
新高考 保护湿 汁原味，语
记叙文 7 5 2 1 0 0 0 0
全国Ⅰ卷 地 言地道，充
2020
夹叙夹 父母不 满正能量，
全国Ⅰ卷 8 6 3 2 1 0 0 0
议文 要对子 倡导至真至女撒谎
无意中
购得两
全国Ⅱ卷 记叙文 4 11 3 2 0 0 0 0
幅名画
的真迹 善至美的价
应对难 值观，在具
夹叙夹
全国Ⅲ卷 对付的 3 8 6 1 2 0 0 0 体语境中考
议文
顾客 查英语核心
素养。
综合分析近年来高考完形填空，考查以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，说明文和议论文出现
频率较低。本专题将结合不同的体裁，分别对不同的解题技法进行点拨。
第 1 讲 记叙文
记叙文完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为
主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点：
解题要领 内容解读
中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思
抓住文章中心 想：如无题目，关注文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓
住文章的中心。
在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，
明确叙述角度
深入理解文章的含义。
记叙文的写作顺序包括顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺
理清写作顺序
序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
弄清记叙文的六要素，5W1H，即时间(when)，地点(where)，人物
明确写作要素 (who)，事件(what)，原因(why)，结果(how)，明确这些写作要素，就
基本上抓住了文章的主体。
写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教
洞悉写作目的
益。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)My husband，our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten
years.
Some of our 41 are funny，especially from the early years when our children were
little.Once，we 42 along Chalk Creek.I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall
into the creek(小溪)．I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.That lasted about
ten minutes.He was 44 ，and his crying let the whole campground know it.So 45 tying
him up，I just kept a close eye on him.It 46 —he didn’t end up in the creek.My three-year-
old，however，did.
Another time，we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake.The sky was clear when we 47 ，but
storms move in fast in the mountains，and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip.The
49 picked up and thunder rolled.My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor.Nothing.He
tried again.No 51 .We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.As we all sat
there 52 ，a fisherman pulled up，threw us a rope and towed(拖) us back.We were 53 .
Now，every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage，we are filled with a
sense of 54 ，wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒
险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
41．A.ideas B．jokes
C．memories D．discoveries
答案 C
解析 idea想法；joke笑话；memory记忆；discovery发现。根据上文“have had wonderful
camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our
children were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故
选C。
42．A.camped B．drove
C．walked D．cycled
答案 A
解析 camp露营；drive开车；walk散步；cycle骑自行车。根据下文中的campground可知，
此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
43．A.annoyed B．surprised
C．disappointed D．worried
答案 D
解析 annoyed恼怒的；surprised惊讶的；disappointed失望的；worried担心的。根据下文
“our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小溪)”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子
会掉进小溪里。故选D。44．A.unhurt B．unfortunate
C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
答案 C
解析 unhurt未受伤的；unfortunate不幸的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unafraid无所畏惧的。
根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let
the whole campground know it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会
哭。故选C。
45．A.due to B．instead of
C．apart from D．as for
答案 B
解析 due to由于；instead of代替，而不是；apart from除了；as for至于。根据上文“He
was ，and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close
eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳
子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
46．A.worked B．happened
C．mattered D．changed
答案 A
解析 work起作用；happen发生；matter事关紧要；change改变。根据下文“he didn’t
end up in the creek”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，15个月的孩子没有掉进小溪
里。故选A。
47．A.signed up B．calmed down
C．checked out D．headed off
答案 D
解析 sign up注册，报名；calm down冷静下来；check out退房，结账离开；head off启程，
出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可
推知，此处指出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
48．A.arranged B．interrupted
C．completed D．recorded
答案 B
解析 arrange安排；interrupt中断；complete完成；record记录。根据上文“storms move in
fast in the mountains，and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trip”可推知，此
处指暴风雨来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
49．A.wind B．noise
C．temperature D．speed
答案 A解析 wind风；noise噪音；temperature温度；speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in
the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
50．A.find B．hide
C．start D．fix
答案 C
解析 find找到；hide隐藏；start启动；fix修理。根据下文“Nothing.He tried again.”以及
“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试
将船启动。故选C。
51．A.luck B．answer
C．wonder D．signal
答案 A
解析 luck好运；answer回答；wonder惊奇；signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the
middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试，也没有获得好运，
船依然无法启动。故选A。
52．A.patiently B．tirelessly
C．doubtfully D．helplessly
答案 D
解析 patiently耐心地；tirelessly不知疲倦地；doubtfully怀疑地；helplessly无助地。根据
上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣
的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
53．A.sorry B．brave
C．safe D．right
答案 C
解析 sorry 抱歉的；brave 勇敢的；safe 安全的；right 正确的。根据上文“a fisherman
pulled up，threw us a rope and towed(拖) us back”可推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者
和家人安全了。故选C。
54．A.relief B．duty
C．pride D．excitement
答案 D
解析 relief 解脱；duty 职责；pride 自豪；excitement 兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文
“wondering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来的露营，充满兴奋。故选
D。
55．A.failure B．adventure
C．performance D．conflict
答案 B解析 failure失败；adventure冒险；performance表现；conflict冲突。根据第二、三段作者
讲述的经历过的趣事与冒险可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
文本整体感知
体裁 记叙文
中心思想 文章中作者回忆了两次难忘的野营经历，同时对未来的野营充满期待。
my husband，our children，I，wonderful camping experiences，tied a rope，
写作要素
worked，storm，adventure
写作目的 文章体现了“人与自我”的主题语境
技法一 重首句，易入题
完形填空的题眼往往出现在文章的开头。通过把握首句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、
人物、时间、地点、事件等，从而把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“入题”的目的。本文第
一句交代了故事的主人公“我丈夫、我们的孩子和我”和事件“我们精彩的野营经历”，由
此可推知下文可能要讲述主人公野营的经历。
技法二 寻复现，找答案
完形填空选项的设置，命题人往往通过原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、同源词复
现、反义词复现、上下词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时，在把握语篇、透析语
境的前提下，应留心选项中是否有与上下文相对应的词汇，运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答案。
常见的词汇复现方式如下：
(1)原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现
一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现，有时兼有词形变化。如上文中出现的
transport与下文中的transportation可以看成原词复现。
真题体验1 (2020·全国Ⅰ)
I hate lying to the kids.One day they’ll 47.wake up and discover that everything they’ve
always known about windows is a 48 .
I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a
very strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing...
48．A.dream B．lie
C．fantasy D．fact
答案 B
解析 根据本段第一句中的lying以及下一段第二句中的the lie可知，此处应填lie(谎言)。
(2)同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现
真题体验2 (2021·全国乙)
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.I was considering this
while working as a 41 just a few weeks ago.And it came to me then how much easier it would
be if we had a range of words that express different 42.grades of gratitude(感谢)．
...She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.On her day
of discharge，we shared in her 50.delight at her recovery.As she was 51.leaving she was eager to
say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
41．A.cleaner B．chemist
C．nurse D．doctor
答案 C
解析 cleaner清洁工；chemist化学家，药剂师；nurse护士；doctor医生。根据下文“she
was eager to say goodbye to each of us in the nursing team”可推断，作者是一名护士(nurse)。
nursing与nurse是同根词复现。
49．A.grateful B．thoughtful
C．sorrowful D．fearful
答案 A
解析 grateful感激的；thoughtful周到的，体贴的；sorrowful悲伤的；fearful担心的，害怕
的。依据第一段最后一句中的“gratitude(感谢)”和下文中她的行为可推知，她感激医护人
员为她做的一切。grateful与gratitude是同根词复现。
(3)同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式或者解释性的词汇复现
真题体验3 (2021·天津3月)
He 23.offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.He also asked for unwanted
bikes，which he would repair again 24 .
24．A.by accident B．in advance
C．for free D．on credit
答案 C
解析 by accident偶然；in advance提前；for free免费；on credit赊账。上文提到他主动提
出为有需要的人免费修自行车，根据空前的again及语境可知，此处指他再次免费修废弃的
自行车。free of charge与for free是同义词复现。
(4)反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现
真题体验4 (2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world，stopping everywhere
from Paris to Singapore.It might sound like one long，expensive 42.vacation，but the couple has
an unusual way to make their travel 43 .
43．A.safe B．busy
C．helpful D．affordable
答案 D解析 safe安全的；busy繁忙的；helpful有帮助的；affordable负担得起的。由but可知，此
处与上文中的expensive(昂贵的)构成反义关系，也就是“便宜的”或“负担得起的”。
(5)上下词复现——总括与分述的词汇复现
真题体验5 (2020·全国Ⅰ)
Since our twins began learning to walk...
I hate lying to the kids...
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a very
strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing 52.spiritual damage to our children.
49．A.parents B．twins
C．colleagues D．teachers
答案 A
解析 根据上文中提到的our twins，the kids以及下文中的our children可知，此处是指父母
(parents)。
技法三 看语境，辨词义
语境就是指文章的上下文，着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断
的能力。考生要通过上下文的提示或暗示，对文章进行整体把握。因此，在做题时要有全局
观念，开头的题目要从下文找答案，中间或最后的题目要从上下文查找信息，即使考查词组，
也是在理解语境前提下的词义复现。近几年的高考真题更侧重于考生对具体语境的把握，尤
其是对整篇文章语义的理解能力。所设选项中，三个干扰项不一定是错误的，而是不符合所
在语篇语言环境的特点，因此突出了语境化和整体性，主要涉及时间、地点、方向、情感、
动作等。本文第41、43、44、45、47、50、52题是通过分析上下文语境得知答案的。
(1)根据上文提示
真题体验1 (2022·全国乙)
However，we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42.bad at hiding.They often
cover only their eyes with their hands，leaving the rest of their bodies 43 .
43．A.exposed B．examined
C．untouched D．imbalanced
答案 A
解析 exposed无遮蔽的；examined已检查过的；untouched未受影响的；imbalanced失衡的。
根据上文语境可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。
(2)根据下文提示
真题体验2 (2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go
beyond the homeowner’s 52.expectations.For Jessica，that means 53.sending plenty of pictures
of happy pets，keeping the house 54.clean and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next
house.“You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 55.decision，” she says.51．A.success B．survival
C．growth D．unemployment
答案 A
解析 success成功；survival幸存；growth成长；unemployment失业。根据语境，尤其是后
面的 “...in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s
52.expectations”所表达的语气，可推测这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高。
(2022·广东梅州一模)
I was born with no arms.My life is not 1 ，but I have overcome adversity(逆境)．I love
seeing people’s 2 changed for the better.It is my hope that your life will be 3 affected
by my story.
When I was thirteen，I 4 my foot，which I use to do many things like typing，writing
and 5 .The injury made me realize that I need to be more thankful for my abilities and less
concentrated upon my 6 .
A teacher encouraged me to start 7 about my faith and overcoming adversity when I was
17.The first time I made a speech，I was very 8 .Within the first three minutes of my talk，
half of the girls on the spot were 9 ，while most boys were struggling to control their 10
.One girl in particular was sobbing hard.Suddenly she put her 11 up，saying，“I was so
sorry to 12 ，but can I come up and hug you？”
She came and hugged me before everyone，and 13 in my ear，“Thank you.No one
has ever told me that they loved me and that I am beautiful the way I am.”
Her gratitude 14 me to go across 44 countries and speak 2,000 times.I realized that we
all need love and hope.Then，I was in a unique position to 15 this view with people around
the world：Dream big，my friend，and never give up!
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者虽然出生时没有胳膊，但他却用自己的
故事激励了很多的人，作者希望人们追逐远大梦想，永不放弃。
1．A.important B．easy
C．tiring D．hard
答案 B
解析 important重要的；easy容易的；tiring令人困倦的；hard困难的。根据文章第一句可
知，因为作者生来没有胳膊，所以生活对作者来说不易。
2．A.experience B．quality
C．activity D．life
答案 D解析 experience经历，经验；quality质量；activity活动；life生活。根据后文“It is my
hope that your life...”可知，作者喜欢看到人们的生活变得更好。
3．A.differently B．hardly
C．positively D．generally
答案 C
解析 differently不同地；hardly几乎不；positively积极地；generally一般地，通常。根据
上文“I love seeing...changed for the better.”可知，作者希望通过自己的故事给别人带来积极
的影响。
4．A.hurt B．witnessed
C．destroyed D．weakened
答案 A
解析 hurt使受伤；witness目睹，见证；destroy破坏；weaken使变弱。根据后文“The
injury made me realize...”可知，作者的脚受伤了。
5．A.sleeping B．washing
C．boating D．sailing
答案 B
解析 sleep睡觉；wash洗衣服；boat划船；sail航行。根据文章第一句描述可知，作者没
有胳膊，所以作者用脚洗衣服。
6．A.difficulties B．hobbies
C．features D．disabilities
答案 D
解析 difficulty困难；hobby爱好；feature特征，特点；disability残疾。根据文章第一句可
知，作者天生残疾再结合句意可知，空处需用disabilities与空前abilities对应。
7．A.speaking B．memorizing
C．complaining D．worrying
答案 A
解析 speak讲述；memorize记忆；complain抱怨；worry担忧。根据后文“The first time I
made a speech”可知，作者17岁时老师鼓励他做演讲。
8．A.sensitive B．wild
C．nervous D．exhausted
答案 C
解析 sensitive敏感的；wild狂野的；nervous紧张的；exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据常识可
知，第一次做演讲都会紧张的。
9．A.smiling B．shouting
C．crying D．sighing答案 C
解析 smile 笑；shout 喊叫；cry 哭泣；sigh 叹气。根据后文“One girl in particular was
sobbing hard.”可知，一半的女孩开始哭泣了。
10．A.emotion B．thought
C．sadness D．passion
答案 A
解析 emotion情感；thought思想；sadness悲伤；passion热情，激情。根据后文“尤其一
个女孩哭得厉害”可知，作者的演讲很感人，男孩们在努力控制自己的情绪。
11．A.book B．face
C．note D．hand
答案 D
解析 book书；face脸；note笔记；hand手。根据语境可知，作者在演讲，所以作为听众，
女孩是举起手提出请求的。
12．A.explain B．interrupt
C．conclude D．entertain
答案 B
解析 explain解释；interrupt打断；conclude总结；entertain娱乐。根据上文“Suddenly she
put her up，saying...”可知，女孩打断了作者演讲。
13．A.whispered B．informed
C．slapped D．screamed
答案 A
解析 whisper低语；inform通知；slap(用手)拍；scream尖叫。根据后文“in my ear”可知，
女孩在作者耳边低语。
14．A.expected B．allowed
C．inspired D．intended
答案 C
解析 expect期待；allow允许；inspire激励；intend打算。根据前一段描述可知，女孩的感
激激励了作者勇敢地迈出去，做了很多演讲。
15．A.relate B．share
C．connect D．debate
答案 B
解析 relate使联系；share分享；connect使连接；debate辩论。根据后文“...this view with
people around the world”可知，作者要和人们分享自己的观点，share sth.with sb.和某人分享
某事，固定搭配。强化练(十九) 记叙文(1)
A
(2022·河北秦皇岛二模)
A tradition for my wife and me is to make holiday snacks and drive around town to deliver
them to about 15 friends.We do this over two days and gain a lot of 1 ，seeing people and
wishing them well.Last night kindness had a strange 2 with opportunity.
First，we 3 to deliver treats to our 95-year-old 4 right before she was ready to go
to sleep.Next，we delivered treats to friends who had just 5 dinner and were expecting
something 6 to eat.An eighty-five-year-old neighbor was talking with friends online about
what Christmas 7 and he said that our surprise was the 8 example.
One friend was not at home when we called.She was cool on the phone when we 9 to let
her know we were leaving some 10 for her.She told us she was on her way and asked if we
would 11 .She said that she really needed a hug.She told us that she had just 12 from the
ER (急诊室)．Her husband，who had been 13 continuous medical obstacles，had just
fallen，broken his hip and needed a(n) 14 .We gave her hugs.From a perfect dessert after a
good meal to 15 a friend who was worried about her husband，our sweets meant a lot to
many.
1．A.imagination B．satisfaction
C．sympathy D．declaration
答案 B
解析 imagination 想象；satisfaction 满足；sympathy 同情；declaration 宣布。根据下文
“seeing people and wishing them well”以及最后一段中“our sweets meant a lot to many”可
知，给朋友送点心让作者获得很大的满足、快乐。
2．A.connection B．behavior
C．observation D．assignment
答案 A
解析 connection联系；behavior行为；observation观察；assignment安排。根据下文的描述
可知，作者在邻居睡觉前，朋友吃完饭想来点甜点以及圣诞节到来的时候给他们送去点心，
由此可知，友善和时机产生了很意外的联系。
3．A.took in B．threw out
C．showed up D．broke down
答案 C
解析 take in吸收，欺骗；throw out扔掉；show up出现；break down破坏。根据本句“todeliver treats...before she was ready to go to sleep”可知，此处用show up符合语境。
4．A.doctor B．boss
C．colleague D．neighbor
答案 D
解析 doctor医生；boss老板；colleague同事；neighbor邻居。根据前文“drive around town
to deliver them to about 15 friends”以及“our 95-year-old”可知，D项符合语境，并且与本段
最后一句中的neighbor是原词复现。
5．A.checked B．finished
C．purchased D．ordered
答案 B
解析 check 检查；finish 完成；purchase 购买；order 点菜。根据后文“expecting
something...to eat”可知，朋友应该是已经吃完饭了。
6．A.sweet B．cheap
C．expensive D．beautiful
答案 A
解析 sweet甜的；cheap便宜的；expensive昂贵的；beautiful美丽的。根据上文“had just
dinner”及下文“our sweets meant a lot to many”可知，朋友刚吃完饭，所以期待吃点甜食。
7．A.admitted B．demanded
C．meant D．commanded
答案 C
解析 admit 承认；demand 要求；mean 意味着；command 命令。根据下文“our sweets
meant a lot to many”可知，作者做的节日点心是有意义的；再根据后文“our surprise”是一
个例子，所以这里邻居在网上讨论的应该是关于节日有什么意义。
8．A.perfect B．mysterious
C．boring D．stubborn
答案 A
解析 perfect完美的；mysterious神秘的；boring无聊的；stubborn顽固的。根据前文“our
surprise”可知，作者送的点心对于邻居来说是一个惊喜，是关于节日意义的完美例子。
9．A.wrote B．yelled
C．rang D．sobbed
答案 C
解析 write写；yell叫喊；ring打电话；sob抽泣。根据前文可知，作者正在打电话。rang
与called是同义词复现。
10．A.pressure B．snacks
C．chances D．information答案 B
解析 pressure压力；snack点心；chance机会；information信息。根据前文可知，作者要留
下的是点心。
11．A.pass B．live
C．leave D．wait
答案 D
解析 pass通过；live居住；leave离开；留下；wait等待。根据“she was on the way”以及
后文“She said that she really needed a hug.”可知，她还没有回来，问作者他们是否可以等一
下她，给她一个拥抱。
12．A.reserved B．travelled
C．recovered D．returned
答案 D
解析 reserve保留；travel旅游；recover恢复；return返回。根据上文“She told us she was
on her way”可知，她在返回家的路上，说明是从其他地方返回来的。
13．A.settling B．suffering
C．enjoying D．picking
答案 B
解析 settle 定居；suffer 遭受；enjoy 享受；pick 捡起。根据本句“continuous medical
obstacles”可知，朋友的丈夫身体有问题，遭受了很多治疗上的障碍。
14．A.occasion B．honor
C．operation D．gesture
答案 C
解析 occasion场合；honor荣耀；operation手术；gesture手势。根据本句中“broken his
hip”可知，需要进行的是手术。
15．A.sponsoring B．attracting
C．embarrassing D．supporting
答案 D
解析 sponsor赞助；attract吸引；embarrass使尴尬；support支持。根据前文“We gave her
hugs.”可知，作者给了他朋友支持和安慰。
B
(2022·江苏南通联考)
It was a rainy，damp December day.I was headed to the store to pick up another week’s
worth of 1 .I kept the CD player on while I drove to avoid the radio news.It only spoke of the
world’s huge problems and how 2 we all still were in COVID-19.And it usually just left me
feeling 3 .Still，I gave my son a 4 to put in the charity kettle at the door to the store.We went in
and soon filled our cart with food.I 5 using the self-checkout machines.I much preferred to
chat with the friendly 6 ，but the line at them was five deep and I just didn’t have the 7
.Just then I heard the man at the machine next to mine 8 .He only had a few items but every
time he put his 9 twenty dollar bill into the machine it spit it back out.I quickly 10 a
newer twenty out of my wallet and gave it to him.He thanked me with a 11 smile.I told him to
keep his money but he 12 that I take his old twenty.
After 13 I remembered something Mother Teresa had once said about how we all can
14 the world.“Help one person at a time，” she said.“And always start with the person
nearest you.” I smiled and went outside.Then I dropped that old twenty into the 15 and
walked to my car.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者在一次去商店买东西的时候，帮助了一个在
自助结账机前结账时遇到问题的人的故事。
1．A.food B．presents
C．medicine D．books
答案 A
解析 food食物；present礼物；medicine药；book书。由第二段中的“filled our cart with
food”可知，作者是去商店买食物。
2．A.motivated B．convinced
C．divided D．impressed
答案 C
解析 motivated有……动机的；convinced确信的；divided分裂的，分开的；impressed印象
深刻的。由后文“in COVID-19”可知，疫情下人和人之间比较疏远，因此空格处应填
divided。
3．A.confident B．energetic
C．hesitant D．helpless
答案 D
解析 confident自信的；energetic精力充沛的；hesitant犹豫的；helpless无助的。由上文的
“the world’s huge problems and how we all still were in COVID-19”可知，广播
新闻让作者感到无助。
4．A.CD B．toy
C．dollar D．ticket
答案 C
解析 CD光盘；toy玩具；dollar美元；ticket票。由后文的“put in the charity kettle”可知，
是往慈善水壶里捐钱。5．A.suggested B．hated
C．admitted D．denied
答案 B
解析 suggest建议；hate不喜欢；admit承认；deny否认。由后文的“I much preferred to
chat with the friendly ”可知，作者不喜欢用自助结账机。
6．A.customers B．waiters
C．managers D．cashiers
答案 D
解析 customer 顾客；waiter 服务生；manager 经理；cashier 收银员。由上文的“I
using the self-checkout machines.”可知，作者不爱用自助结账机，而是喜欢和结账处的收银
员聊天。
7．A.time B．energy
C．chance D．right
答案 A
解析 time时间；energy精力；chance机会；right权利。由上文的“the line at them was five
deep”可知，前面还有五个人排队，作者没有时间等。
8．A.praying B．complaining
C．bargaining D．screaming
答案 B
解析 pray祈祷；complain抱怨；bargain讨价还价；scream尖叫。由后文“He only...but
every time...it spit it back out.”可知，那个人在抱怨自助结账机把他塞进去的钱退出来。
9．A.frozen B．folded
C．broken D．wrinkled
答案 D
解析 frozen结冰的；folded折叠的；broken破碎的；wrinkled起皱的，有皱纹的。由下文
的“his old twenty”和常识可知，塞进自助结账机的钱如果是皱的，它就会把钱吐出来。
10．A.pressed B．rolled
C．grabbed D．directed
答案 C
解析 press按压；roll滚动；grab攫取；direct指导。由后文的“out of my wallet and gave it
to him”可知，作者赶紧从钱包里掏出一张新的20美元给了他。
11．A.weak B．warm
C．bitter D．false
答案 B
解析 weak虚弱的；warm温暖的；bitter苦的；false错误的。由上文的“He thanked me”可知，那个人是以温暖的微笑感谢作者。
12．A.insisted B．ensured
C．begged D．commanded
答案 A
解析 insist坚持；ensure确保；beg乞讨；command命令。由后文的“that I take his old
twenty”可知，那个人坚持要作者收下他那张旧的二十美元。
13．A.looking out B．pulling out
C．breaking out D．checking out
答案 D
解析 look out小心；pull out撤离；break out爆发；check out结账离开。由上文叙述结账时
发生的事可知，作者是结完账离开的时候想起了特蕾莎修女的话。
14．A.control B．protect
C．change D．shock
答案 C
解析 control控制；protect保护；change改变；shock使震惊。由后文的“Help one person
at a time”可知，特蕾莎修女说的是我们能如何改变世界。
15．A.store B．kettle
C．pocket D．machine
答案 B
解析 store商店；kettle水壶；pocket口袋；machine机器。由上文的“put in the charity
kettle”可知，此处照应上文，表示“作者把那张旧的20美元钞票投进慈善水壶”。
强化练(二十) 记叙文(2)
A
(2022·广东惠州一模)
One morning in November 2020，my friend Liz and I took out our kayak (皮划艇) to watch
the humpback whales (座头鲸) while they’re migrating passing San Luis Obispo，California.We
were in awe：to be so close to a(n) 1 that size.
When whales left，we 2 them at a distance—or what we thought was a(n) 3
distance.Suddenly，I felt the kayak lift out of the water and 4 back into the ocean.I figured
the whale was going to 5 us down somehow，and I had no idea how 6 we’d be
sucked underwater.
What I didn’t realize then was that Liz and I were in the whale’s 7 .It had covered my
entire body except for my right arm.I was 8 .Liz，meanwhile，was looking up into thewhale’s jaw which was like a big white wall，thinking she was going to 9 .
Anything whales can’t 10 ，they spit out，for they have huge mouths but tiny
throats.Soon we both were 11 out of the water about a metre apart.
A few days later，I 12 the video shot by the nearby people and saw how close I’d
come to being killed.I became so much more 13 of life after that day.There’s no 14 to
get close to whales again.I want to respect their 15 .I’m now very aware of the power of
nature and the ocean.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和朋友在海上跟踪座头鲸的时候，意外被鲸吞
进了嘴里，幸好最终被吐了出来，这让作者更加敬畏自然，珍惜生命。
1．A.immigrant B．killer
C．creature D．whaler
答案 C
解析 immigrant移民；killer杀手；creature生物；whaler捕鲸船。根据后文“When whales
left，we them at a distance”指靠近鲸这种生物。
2．A.stopped B．followed
C．rushed D．led
答案 B
解析 stop 停止；follow 跟随；rush 急忙；lead 带领。根据前文“watch the humpback
whales(座头鲸) while they’re migrating”可知作者他们在观察座头鲸迁徙，所以当鲸离开时，
他们跟踪它们。
3．A.convenient B．safe
C．adventurous D．sensitive
答案 B
解析 convenient方便的；safe安全的；adventurous冒险的；sensitive敏感的。他们跟着鲸
鱼，以为距离是安全的，与后文船翻了形成对比。
4．A.tip B．slide
C．bounce D．float
答案 A
解析 tip 倾斜；slide 滑动；bounce 跳跃；float 漂浮。根据后文“we’d be sucked
underwater”可知，皮划艇倾翻到了海里。
5．A.strike B．push
C．blow D．drag
答案 D
解析 strike 打击；push 推；blow 吹；drag 拖，拉。根据后文“we’d be suckedunderwater”可知，鲸鱼会把他们拖下去。
6．A.secretly B．wildly
C．deep D．fast
答案 C
解析 secretly秘密地；wildly失控地；deep深地；fast快速地。根据后文“we’d be sucked
underwater”可知，此处指被吸到多深的水下。
7．A.nose B．stomach
C．throat D．mouth
答案 D
解析 nose鼻子；stomach胃；throat喉咙；mouth嘴。根据后文“Liz，meanwhile，was
looking up into the whale’s jaw which was like a big white wall”可知，他们在鲸鱼的嘴里。
8．A.optimistic B．disgusted
C．terrified D．thrilled
答案 C
解析 optimistic乐观的；disgusted厌恶的；terrified害怕的；thrilled激动的。根据上文可知
作者被鲸鱼吞了，因此吓坏了。
9．A.starve B．die
C．jump D．escape
答案 B
解析 starve挨饿；die死亡；jump跳跃；escape逃走。根据上文可知，作者和莉兹都被鲸
吞进嘴里，所以莉兹以为自己要没命了。
10．A.swallow B．chew
C．digest D．absorb
答案 A
解析 swallow吞咽；chew咀嚼；digest消化；absorb吸收。根据后文“for they have huge
mouths but tiny throats”可知，鲸鱼喉咙很小，任何它们不能吞咽的东西都会被吐出来。
11．A.turned around B．carried around
C．pulled up D．thrown up
答案 D
解析 turn around转身；carry around随身携带；pull up拔起；throw up呕吐。根据后文
“out of the water about a metre apart”可知，他们被鲸鱼吐了出来。
12．A.released B．studied
C．bought D．uploaded
答案 B
解析 release释放；study研究；buy购买；upload上传。根据后文“the video shot by thenearby people and saw how close I’d come to being killed”可知，作者研究了附近的人拍摄
的视频。
13．A.appreciative B．certain
C．proud D．capable
答案 A
解析 appreciative感激的；certain确定的；proud自豪的；capable能够的。作者死里逃生，
所以变得更加珍惜生命了。
14．A.danger B．alternative
C．way D．concern
答案 C
解析 no way决不，一点也不，为固定搭配。根据后文“I want to respect their .”
可知作者决不会再接近鲸鱼。
15．A.freedom B．right
C．ability D．space
答案 D
解析 freedom自由；right权利；ability能力；space空间。根据上文可知，作者因为跟的距
离太近而被鲸鱼吞了，因此意识到要尊重它们的空间。
B
(2022·湖南三湘名校教育联盟联考)
When Sheppard began to go blind in her 40s，she cried.Hadn’t she suffered too much since
she became partly deaf as a child？That 1 had made her strong and determined.
“This isn’t fair，” she whispered.The doctors said she’d never regain her 2 .Since
childhood，Sheppard has always been a dancer.But she was so scared that she 3 left her
apartment.She worried about her appearance.She wondered，“What if people 4 me
differently？”
However，several months later，Sheppard wanted to show her work still 5 .As hard as it
was，Sheppard forced herself to 6 .She attended a party for people with sight problems，and
was shocked to find they all sat，still and physically 7 .“No！” she told herself.“That’s
not the way I want to live！” She pushed herself not to be 8 .
Sheppard continued to work until her vision further 9 in her 50s.She kept dancing，just
as her 10 since childhood had instructed her.Sheppard was 61 when she 11 a summer
camp for the blind，where she taught line dancing.Then，she was invited to teach at a community
center.Her classes proved to be so 12 that she was hired soon.
Sheppard taught over thirty students，most of whom were 13 whose eyesight had
worsened.With 14 ，she equipped them with confidence and independence.These days，Sheppard 15 a light exercise class for those blind elders via conference call.As Sheppard
says，we may be blind，but we can make a difference.
1．A.signal B．advantage
C．story D．struggle
答案 D
解析 signal信号；advantage优点；story故事；struggle抗争，斗争。根据上文可知，始于
童年的听力障碍给谢泼德带来不便，几十年与身体残疾的抗争让她变得无比坚强。
2．A.emotion B．feeling
C．sight D．hearing
答案 C
解析 emotion 情绪；feeling 感觉；sight 视力；hearing 听力。根据第一段的“When
Sheppard began to go blind in her 40s”可知，医生告诉谢泼德她再也不能复明了。
3．A.horribly B．firmly
C．rarely D．cautiously
答案 C
解析 horribly可怕地；firmly牢固地；rarely罕见地；cautiously谨慎地。根据下文的“She
worried about her appearance.”可知，在听到诊断结果后，谢泼德非常害怕，她很少出门(不
敢见人)。
4．A.assist B．treat
C．describe D．expect
答案 B
解析 assist帮助；treat对待；describe描述；expect期望。根据上文的“She worried about
her appearance.”可知，谢泼德担心别人会对她区别对待。treat sb.differently意为“区别对
待”。
5．A.performed B．reacted
C．deserved D．mattered
答案 D
解析 perform表演；react反应；deserve值得；matter重要。However表转折，由此可知，
谢泼德在家待了几个月之后，心态发生了变化，她想向别人展示自己的舞蹈对别人依旧很重
要。
6．A.go out B．get off
C．take off D．leave behind
答案 A
解析 go out 出去；get off 下车；take off 起飞；leave behind 留下。根据后文的“Sheattended a party”可知，尽管很难，谢泼德还是强迫自己走了出去。
7．A.forgiven B．injured
C．withdrawn D．refreshed
答案 C
解析 forgive原谅；injure受伤；withdraw撤退；refresh使恢复精神。由前面的“they all
sat，still and physically”可知，在那次晚会上，谢泼德吃惊地发现那些视力有问题的人都静
静地坐在一旁，不愿起身参加活动。physically withdrawn意为“在身体方面退缩”，即他们
不愿起身参加活动。
8．A.reliable B．fearful
C．merciful D．lonely
答案 B
解析 reliable 可靠的；fearful 担心的；merciful 仁慈的；lonely 孤独的。根据上文
“‘No！’ she told herself.’That’s not the way I want to live！’”可知，她鼓励自己不必
担心，不要像晚会上那些人一样。
9．A.declined B．reappeared
C．progressed D．interrupted
答案 A
解析 decline 下降；reappear 重新出现；progress 进展；interrupt 打扰。根据第一段的
“When Sheppard began to go blind in her 40s，she cried.”和上文的“her vision further”可知，
谢泼德的视力进一步下降。
10．A.strength B．carelessness
C．deafness D．imagination
答案 C
解析 strength长处；carelessness粗心；deafness耳聋；imagination想象力。根据第一段的
“she became partly deaf as a child”以及“That had made her strong and
determined.”可知，谢泼德小时候的听力障碍让自己养成坚毅的性格，所以当她的视力出现
状况时，她也不会放弃舞蹈，因此空格处是“耳聋”。
11．A.donated B．planned
C．created D．attended
答案 D
解析 donate捐赠；plan计划；create创造；attend参加。根据下文的“a summer camp for
the blind”可知，谢泼德参加了一个夏令营活动，她在那里教队列舞。
12．A.popular B．active
C．pleasant D．appropriate
答案 A解析 popular受欢迎的；active积极的；pleasant令人愉快的；appropriate适当的。根据下
文的“she was hired soon”可知，谢泼德的舞蹈课挺受欢迎，因此，她被聘请到那里当舞蹈
老师。
13．A.juniors B．seniors
C．teenagers D．adults
答案 B
解析 junior较年幼者；senior长者；teenager青少年；adult成年人。根据下文的“for those
blind elders”可知，谢泼德教了三十多个学生，其中大部分是那些视力有问题的老年人。
14．A.protection B．laughter
C．approval D．encouragement
答案 D
解析 protection保护；laughter笑；approval批准；encouragement鼓励。根据下文的“she
equipped them with confidence and independence”可知，谢泼德经常鼓励自己的学生，让他
们自信独立。
15．A.conducts B．abandons
C．imitates D．honors
答案 A
解析 conduct进行；abandon放弃；imitate模仿；honor尊敬。根据下文的“a light exercise
class”可知，最近，谢泼德通过电话会议的形式上轻度运动课，因此空格处是“进行”。
