文档内容
第 11 讲 完形填空（记叙文）
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】人与社会类记叙文的考查
【题型二】人与自然类记叙文的考查
【题型三】人与自我类记叙文的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 人与社会类记叙文的考查
1.（24-25高三·广东广州·开学考试）Juleus Ghunta is an award-winning children’s author, but growing
up, he could barely 1 . Raised by a single mother, who often had to make 2 choices about how to use their
limited resources－including a decision to send his oldest sister to school, he had been kept home and had no 3
to books as a child.
When Ghunta finally got the opportunity to attend school, he couldn’t 4 words, spell, or read with
understanding. The situation was made worse by a series of teachers who made him feel 5 . “They were not very
patient, not very kind,” he said, “I suffered from a deep sense of loss and shame.”
Fortunately, a young teacher decided to start a reading program for 6 students. Ghunta was the first to
sign up. “The teacher was 7 kind to me. ” he said, “She had left me with the gift of literacy, and a deeper
appreciation of my value as a human being.” Under her patient 8 , Ghunta’s reading skills gradually improved,
and his sense of inadequacy (不足) began to 9 .
After interacting with the young teacher, Ghunta’s life took a new 10 . He graduated from high school
with a number of academic awards, and went on to college successfully. Nowadays, he is the author of two
children’s books about 11 difficult experiences in childhood.
In 2010, Ghunta went back to his old school to 12 his old teacher’s name, but in vain. However, he still
hopes to 13 her one day, so that he can thank her for seeing his 14 . “I would love for her to see the
significant impact she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this 15 of her－the hope, the
light, with me－and how it continues to be a source of joy.”1．A．speak B．read C．write D．learn
2．A．balanced B．financial C．tough D．hesitant
3．A．interest B．relation C．attention D．exposure
4．A．make out B．pick up C．deal with D．take in
5．A．powerless B．restless C．worthless D．aimless
6．A．struggling B．humble C．incapable D．isolated
7．A．apparently B．incredibly C．naturally D．sincerely
8．A．influence B．company C．devotion D．guidance
9．A．lift B．wave C．blow D．move
10．A．platform B．setting C．direction D．channel
11．A．preventing B．surviving C．overcoming D．cherishing
12．A．record B．recall C．identify D．inquire
13．A．seek B．find C．meet D．call
14．A．demand B．effort C．dignity D．potential
15．A．emotion B．memory C．blessing D．legacy
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．C
12．D 13．B 14．D 15．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过叙述Juleus Ghunta的成长经历，特别是他从几乎无法阅读到成为儿童
书籍作者和获奖诗人的转变过程，展现了个人奋斗和一位年轻教师对他成长的影响。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：朱利叶斯·古塔是一位获奖儿童作家，但在成长过程中，他几乎不识字。A.
speak说话；B. read阅读；C. write写；D. learn学习。根据后文“She had left me with the gift of literacy”可
知，指他在成长过程中无法阅读，不识字。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他由单身母亲抚养长大，母亲经常不得不在如何利用有限的资源上做出
艰难的选择——包括决定把他的大姐送去上学，他小时候一直呆在家里，没有接触过书籍。A. balanced平
衡的；B. financial经济的；C. tough艰难的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据后文“a decision to send his oldest
sister to school, he had been kept home”指母亲在孩子教育问题上做出艰难的选择。故选C。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他由单身母亲抚养长大，母亲经常不得不在如何利用有限的资源上做出艰
难的选择——包括决定把他的大姐送去上学，他小时候一直呆在家里，没有接触过书籍。A. interest兴趣；
B. relation关系；C. attention注意力；D. exposure接触。根据上文“he had been kept home and had no”可
知，他小时候一直呆在家里，没有接触过书籍。故选D。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Ghunta终于有机会上学时，他不能理解单词、拼写或阅读。A. make out
辨认，理解；B. pick up捡起；C. deal with处理；D. take in吸收。根据后文“words, spell, or read with
understanding”以及上文提到他没有接触过书籍，所以不能理解单词、拼写或阅读。故选A。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一连串的老师让他觉得自己一无是处，这让情况变得更糟。A. powerless
无力的；B. restless不安的；C. worthless无价值的；D. aimless无目标的。根据后文““They were not very
patient, not very kind,” he said, “I suffered from a deep sense of loss and shame.”(“他们不是很有耐心，也不是很友善，”他说，“我感到深深的失落和羞愧。”)”可知，他因为老师而感到一无是处。故选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一位年轻的老师决定为学习困难的学生开办一个阅读项目。
A. struggling挣扎的；B. humble谦虚的；C. incapable无能力的；D. isolated隔绝的。根据上文“Fortunately,
a young teacher decided to start a reading program for”以及Ghunta当时感到不安的情况，可知项目主要针对
在学校学习困难、挣扎的学生。故选A。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“老师对我非常好。他说，“她给我留下了识字的礼物，让我对自己作为
一个人的价值有了更深的认识。”A. apparently显然；B. incredibly难以置信地，非常；C. naturally自然
地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据后文“She had left me with the gift of literacy, and a deeper appreciation of my
value as a human being(她给我留下了识字的礼物，让我对自己作为一个人的价值有了更深的认识)”可知，
老师对他非常好。故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她耐心的指导下，Ghunta的阅读能力逐渐提高，他的不足感开始减轻。
A. influence影响；B. company公司；C. devotion奉献；D. guidance指导。根据后文“Ghunta’s reading skills
gradually improved”指老师的指导让他阅读能力逐渐提高，故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她耐心的指导下，Ghunta的阅读能力逐渐提高，他的不足感开始消散。
A. lift消散；B. wave挥舞；C. blow吹；D. move移动。根据上文“Ghunta’s reading skills gradually
improved, and his sense of inadequacy began to”可知，Ghunta的阅读能力逐渐提高，他的不足感开始消散。
故选A。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与这位年轻的老师交流之后，Ghunta的生活有了新的方向。A. platform
平台；B. setting设置；C. direction方向；D. channel频道。根据后文“He graduated from high school with a
number of academic awards, and went on to college successfully.(他高中毕业时获得了许多学术奖项，并顺利
进入大学)”指在与这位年轻的老师交流之后，Ghunta的生活有了新的方向。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，他是两本关于克服童年困难经历的儿童书籍的作者。A. preventing
阻止；B. surviving幸存；C. overcoming克服；D. cherishing珍惜。根据后文“difficult experiences in
childhood”以及上文他艰难的童年经历，可知指他写了两本关于克服童年困难经历的儿童书籍。故选C。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2010年，Ghunta回到他的老学校询问他的老师的名字，但没有成功。A.
record记录；B. recall回想起；C. identify识别；D. inquire询问。根据后文“his old teacher’s name”以及前
文老师对他的帮助，他应是非常感觉老师，回到母校询问老师的名字。故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他仍然希望有一天能找到她，这样他就可以感谢她看到了他的潜
力。A. seek寻找；B. find找到；C. meet会见；D. call打电话。根据后文“her one day, so that he can thank
her”可知，他希望有一天能找到老师，表达感谢。故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他仍然希望有一天能见到她，这样他就可以感谢她看到了他的潜
力。A. demand要求；B. effort努力；C. dignity尊严；D. potential潜能。根据上文“She had left me with the
gift of literacy, and a deeper appreciation of my value as a human being(她给我留下了识字的礼物，让我对自己
作为一个人的价值有了更深的认识)”可知，老师看到了他的潜能，从而成就了他。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我很想让她看到她对我的生活产生的重大影响，以及我如何带着对她的
记忆——希望、光明——以及它如何让它继续成为快乐的源泉。”A. emotion情感；B. memory记忆；C.
blessing祝福；D. legacy遗产。前文说作者没有能见到老师，所以此处表示带着对老师的记忆，让记忆对自己的生活产生快乐的影响。故选B。
2.（2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测）Kanye West is a pop star with record sales of over 140 million and 21
Grammy awards. He is a(n) 16 and entrepreneur (企业家), and his net financial worth is 17 at
over a billion dollars.
Despite 18 from the establishment, he wrote and recorded his first album “The College Dropout”
while 19 a car accident leaving him with a broken jaw. Unfortunately, someone 20 his first
album before it was released—he didn’t give up; he chose to rewrite all his songs and make the album better than it
was before. For Kanye West, challenges are there to make you 21 better. The album sold 2.6 million
copies, which turned out to be a hit.
However, Kanye West was not an overnight success; he writes his songs using the 22 material of
his life to make a 23 with his fans. His career 24 shows that you need to watch out for 25
—like becoming a fashion designer and setting up his businesses. The most important 26 that Kanye
West teaches by example is the power of passionately pursuing your goals and refusing to be stopped by 27
. Though lacking 28 experience, he never doubted he could be a rapper (说唱歌手).
Although your interests and skills may differ from Kanye West’s, you have the 29 to pursue
your dreams with devotion and effort. All it 30 is self-belief and hard work.
16．A．bank accountant B．sales manager C．music professor D．fashion designer
17．A．valued B．set C．paid D．charged
18．A．limitation B．interruption C．prohibition D．opposition
19．A．recovering from B．looking into C．coming across D．going through
20．A．broke B．bought C．leaked D．loaded
21．A．profit B．perform C．budget D．market
22．A．concrete B．consistent C．rare D．raw
23．A．connection B．contrast C．complaint D．creation
24．A．in place B．to date C．at large D．on schedule
25．A．personalities B．opportunities C．accidents D．comments
26．A．class B．lecture C．lesson D．talk
27．A．objectives B．substances C．submissions D．setbacks
28．A．relevant B．inspiring C．demanding D．reliable
29．A．ability B．edge C．option D．intention
30．A．has B．takes C．makes D．gets
【答案】
16．D 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．C 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．B
26．C 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了流行歌手坎耶·维斯特的个人经历。
16．考查名词短语辨析。句意：他是一名时装设计师和企业家，他的净资产价值超过10亿美元。A. bankaccountant银行会计师；B. sales manager销售经理；C. music professor音乐教授；D. fashion designer时装设
计师。根据下文中的“like becoming a fashion designer and setting up his businesses”可知，他是一名时装设计
师和企业家。故选D。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. valued给……估价，给……定价；B. set设置；C. paid支付；
D. charged收费，要价。根据空前的“his net financial worth is”和空后的“at over a billion dollars”可知，这
里指的是他的净资产价值估价。be valued at...意为“估价为……”。故选A。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管遭到当权派的抵制，他还是创作并录制了自己的第一张专辑《the
College Dropout》，当时他正从一场导致下巴骨折的车祸中恢复过来。A. limitation限制；B. interruption打
断；C. prohibition禁止；D. opposition反对，抵制。根据空前的“Despite”和空后的“from the
establishment”可知，他受到了当权派的抵制。故选D。
19．考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. recovering from从……恢复；B. looking into调查；C. coming
across（偶然）遇见；D. going through经历，通过。根据空后的“a car accident leaving him with a broken
jaw”可知，他在车祸受伤痊愈期间创作并录制了第一章专辑。故选A。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，有人在他的第一张专辑发行前就泄露了——他没有放弃；他选
择重写所有歌曲，使专辑比以前更好。A. broke打破；B. bought买；C. leaked泄露；D. loaded装上，装
入。根据空后的“his first album before it was released”可知，有人在他发布专辑之前就泄露了。故选C。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于坎耶·维斯特来说，挑战是为了让你表现得更好。A. profit获益；B.
perform做，表现；C. budget把……编入预算；D. market推销。根据上文中的“he chose to rewrite all his
songs and make the album better than it was before”可知，坎耶·维斯特重新写了所有歌曲，结果比以前的更
好，挑战让他做得更好。故选B。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，坎耶·维斯特并非一蹴而就；他用自己生活的原材料创作歌曲，与
歌迷建立联系。A. concrete具体的；B. consistent始终如一的；C. rare稀少的；D. raw原始的。根据空后的
“material of his life”可知，他的歌曲取材于生活中的原材料。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. connection联系；B. contrast对比；C. complaint抱怨；D.
creation创造。根据空后的“with his fans”可知，他和歌迷建立联系。故选A。
24．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他迄今为止的职业生涯表明，你需要注意机会——比如成为一名时装设计
师和创办他的企业。A. in place在正确位置；B. to date到目前为止；C. at large整个，全部；D. on schedule
如期。根据第一段“Kanye West is a pop star with record sales of over 140 million and 21 Grammy awards. He is
a(n) 1 and entrepreneur (企业家), and his net financial worth is 2 at over a billion dollars.”可
知，坎耶·维斯特现在是一个非常成功的歌手、时装设计师、企业家，他到目前为止的职业生涯非常成功。
故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. personalities个性；B. opportunities机会；C. accidents事故；D.
comments评论。根据空后的“like becoming a fashion designer and setting up his businesses”并结合常识可
知，成为时装设计师或者创业都需要契机，要学会把握机会。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：坎耶·维斯特以自己为榜样教授的最重要的一课是激情追求目标和拒绝被挫
折阻止的力量。A. class班级；B. lecture讲座；C. lesson经验，教训；D. talk谈话。根据空后的“that
Kanye West teaches by example is the power of passionately pursuing your goals and refusing to be stopped by12 ”可知，这里是指坎耶·维斯特教给人们的经验教训。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. objectives目标；B. substances物质；C. submissions屈服，投
降；D. setbacks挫折。根据空前的“refusing to be stopped by”可知，这里指拒绝被挫折阻止。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管缺乏相关经验，但他从未怀疑自己能成为一名说唱歌手。A. relevant
相关的，有关的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. demanding要求高的；D. reliable可信赖的。根据空前的
“lacking”和空后的“experience”可知，他缺乏说唱方面的相关经验。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管你的兴趣和技能可能与坎耶·维斯特不同，但你可以选择全心全意地追
求梦想。A. ability能力；B. edge边缘；C. option选择，选择权；D. intention意图，目的。根据“Although
your interests and skills may differ from Kanye West’s”和“to pursue your dreams with devotion and effort”可
知，虽然你的情况和坎耶·维斯特或许有所不同，但你依然可以选择全心全意地追求梦想。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所需要的只是自信和努力工作。A. has有；B. takes需要，拿走；C. makes
制作；D. gets得到。All后面是一个定语从句，先行词和空处之间属于动宾关系，根据句意，这里指的是
追求梦想所需要的东西。故选B。
3.（2024·安徽马鞍山·模拟试题）If Chelsea Phaire, aged 12, has her way, people everywhere will have the
supplies they need to make their own artwork.
For two years, Chelsea has been 31 art supplies to kids in shelters and hospitals, and to other
adults too. “There’s just something about art. It’s so relaxing and 32 ,” she says. “It makes you feel
happy.”
Chelsea learned the 33 of making art when she was four. “My grandpa had passed away, and I was
really 34 ,” she says. “My grandma told me to draw a picture for him. I looked at the picture every day
and it made me 35 my best time with my grandpa. That really helped me get through that 36
time.”
Chelsea also used art to 37 her feelings after being treated badly at school. I’ve found that art can
be part of the healing process after the loss of someone, or another trauma (痛苦经历). It 38 .”
For her eighth birthday, Chelsea 39 an art kit. When her mom said that not everyone was 40
enough to have art in their lives, Chelsea was 41 . “I had always wanted to start a charity, so I 42
then what it would be about.”
On her tenth birthday, she asked for art supplies 43 gifts. She put together 40 kits, and sent them
to a shelter. Since then, with donations to her charity, she has been able to send out about 22,000 kits! She says, “
44 children in shelters and seeing kindness grow around the world are my greatest 45 .”
31．A．searching for B．giving away C．putting aside D．picking up
32．A．calming B．convincing C．confusing D．touching
33．A．idea B．process C．power D．business
34．A．nervous B．doubtful C．regretful D．sorrowful
35．A．remember B．change C．share D．record
36．A．free B．short C．tough D．precious
37．A．refer to B．point out C．deal with D．look into38．A．happens B．works C．continues D．matters
39．A．received B．missed C．made D．refused
40．A．smart B．brave C．happy D．lucky
41．A．hesitant B．annoyed C．shocked D．proud
42．A．wondered B．guessed C．agreed D．knew
43．A．due to B．instead of C．in case of D．in terms of
44．A．Caring about B．Rescuing C．Believing in D．Training
45．A．requirements B．achievements C．opportunities D．challenges
【答案】
31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．D
41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了12岁的切尔西通过赠送艺术用品给那些在收容所、医院以及其他需要
帮助的人，来传递爱心和艺术治愈力量的故事。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：两年来，切尔西一直在向收容所和医院的孩子们以及其他成年人赠送艺术
用品。A. searching for寻找；B. giving away赠送；C. putting aside放在一边；D. picking up捡起。根据下文
的“art supplies to kids in shelters and hospitals, and to other adults too”和“She put together 40 kits, and sent
them to a shelter. Since then, with donations to her charity, she has been able to send out about 22,000 kits!”可知，
她向需要的人发送艺术套装，此处指她赠送艺术用品。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“艺术就是有这样的东西，它是如此的放松和平静，”她说，“它让你
感到快乐。”A. calming平静的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. touching感人
的。根据上文的“It’s so relaxing and”可知，本空与relaxing并列，应选择一个与之情感色彩相似的词，
calming“平静的”符合语境。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：切尔西在四岁的时候就学会了艺术的力量。A. idea想法；B. process过
程；C. power力量；D. business生意。根据下文的“My grandma told me to draw a picture for him. I looked at
the picture every day and it made me 5 my best time with my grandpa. That really helped me get through that 6
time.”可知，艺术帮助她度过难关，这里指的是艺术的力量。故选C。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我爷爷去世了，我真的很悲伤，”她说。A. nervous紧张的；B.
doubtful怀疑的；C. regretful后悔的；D. sorrowful悲伤的。根据上文的“My grandpa had passed away”可
知，爷爷去世自然会让人感到悲伤。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天都看那幅画，它让我想起了我和爷爷在一起的美好时光。A.
remember记住，想起；B. change改变；C. share分享；D. record记录。根据上文的“I looked at the picture
every day and it made me”和下文的“my best time with my grandpa”可知，此处指画让切尔西想起与爷爷的美
好时光。故选A。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这真的帮助我度过了那段艰难的时期。A. free自由的；B. short短暂的；
C. tough艰难的；D. precious珍贵的。根据上文的“My grandpa had passed away, and I was really 4 ”和
“That really helped me get through that”可知，失去亲人对于孩子来说是一段艰难的时间。故选C。
37．考查动词短语辨析。句意：切尔西也在学校受到恶劣对待后，用艺术来处理自己的情绪。A. refer to提及；B. point out指出；C. deal with处理；D. look into调查。根据下文的“her feelings after being treated
badly at school”可知，此处指用艺术作为处理情绪的手段。故选C。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了。A. happens发生；B. works起作用；C. continues继续；D.
matters重要。根据上文的“I’ve found that art can be part of the healing process after the loss of someone, or
another trauma (痛苦经历).”可知，此处指艺术在治疗过程中确实起了作用。故选B。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：八岁生日时，切尔西收到了一套艺术工具包。A. received收到；B. missed
错过；C. made制作；D. refused拒绝。根据上文的“For her eighth birthday”和下文的“an art kit”可知，这
里是收到了一个艺术工具包作为生日礼物。故选A。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她妈妈说，并不是每个人都有足够的运气在生活中拥有艺术时，切尔
西感到很震惊。A. smart聪明的；B. brave勇敢的；C. happy快乐的；D. lucky幸运的。根据下文的
“enough to have art in their lives”可知，拥有艺术的机会在这里被描绘成一种幸运。故选D。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：切尔西感到很震惊。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. shocked
震惊的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文的“When her mom said that not everyone was 10 enough to have art in
their lives,”可知，得知并非所有人都能接触艺术，切尔西感到惊讶。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直想创办一个慈善机构，所以那时我就知道它会是什么样的了。A.
wondered想知道；B. guessed猜测；C. agreed同意；D. knew知道。根据下文的“what it would be about”可
知，此处指切尔西想明白了她想创办的慈善机构的主题。故选D。
43．考查介词短语辨析。句意：十岁生日时，她要求别人送给她艺术用品作为礼物。A. due to由于；B.
instead of而不是；C. in case of万一；D. in terms of就……而言。根据上文的“On her tenth birthday, she
asked for art supplies”可知，此处指她想要艺术用品而不是其他礼物。故选B。
44．考查动词单词和短语辨析。句意：关心收容所里的孩子们，看到善良在全世界传播，是我最大的成
就。A. Caring about关心；B. Rescuing救援；C. Believing in信任；D. Training培训。根据上文的“children
in shelters”可知，切尔西通过自己的行动表达了对收容所孩子的关心。故选A。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. requirements要求；B. achievements成就；C. opportunities机会；D.
challenges挑战。根据上文的“She says, “14 children in shelters and seeing kindness grow around the world are
my greatest”可知，对于切尔西来说，她的善行是她最骄傲的成就。故选B。
4. （24-25高三·山西大同·阶段练习）On a Saturday morning, Tara and her new bridegroom, Sam, were
drinking coffee when their doorbell rang. She exchanged a curious glance with her husband, 46 who
could be visiting at this early hour.
Upon opening the door, Tara found Tina, her closest 47 since childhood, standing there and
smiling. In her arms, she held a 48 young creature with beautiful eyes. At the sight of the little cat, Tara
was 49 drawn to its innocence.
“Surprise!” Tina cried, and 50 the kitten for her to see. “I thought this little one could 51
a loving home, and who’s better than you and Sam?” This 52 gift was unlike anything Tara had ever
imagined, and she was deeply moved by her friend’s gesture. “Thank you, Tina,” Tara managed to say, her voice
53 with emotion and her heart full of appreciation, “This means the world to us.”
Tara and Sam named the kitten Charles, who quickly became the centre of their universe, bringing 54joy and laughter to their home. As days passed, Tara’s 55 with Charles deepened. Charles was very
56 to her moods, curling up beside her when she was lost in thought or sank into sadness. Its company
became a constant source of 57 to her. It was the unconditional love of the furry friend that could heal
the deepest wounds and comfort her 58 heart.
Their home was now filled with the 59 of playful meows and soft steps of the little cat, who had
woven a beautiful thread into their life and 60 it with warmth and love.
46．A．wondering B．knowing C．believing D．insisting
47．A．neighbor B．friend C．relative D．colleague
48．A．tiny B．large C．poor D．ugly
49．A．strangely B．occasionally C．specifically D．immediately
50．A．took off B．held out C．put away D．left behind
51．A．lose B．miss C．use D．build
52．A．unexpected B．unfamiliar C．unpleasant D．unknown
53．A．dropped B．rose C．faded D．choked
54．A．restrictive B．temporary C．boundless D．imaginary
55．A．bond B．division C．exchange D．trust
56．A．indifferent B．sensitive C．accessible D．resistant
57．A．grief B．tension C．pride D．comfort
58．A．relaxed B．troubled C．inspired D．delighted
59．A．touches B．tastes C．sounds D．sights
60．A．compared B．satisfied C．decorated D．engaged
【答案】
46．A 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．A
56．B 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Tara的朋友给她送了一只可爱的小猫，及其对Tara和Sam生活
带来的快乐。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她与丈夫交换了一个好奇的眼神，纳闷是谁可能在这么早的时候来访。A.
wondering纳闷、想知道；B. knowing知道；C. believing相信；D. insisting坚持。根据上文“a curious
glance”可知，她纳闷是谁这么早来访，故选A项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：打开门后，Tara发现她从小就最亲密的朋友蒂娜站在那里微笑。A.
neighbor邻居；B. friend朋友；C. relative亲戚；D. colleague同事。根据下文“since childhood”可知，是她
从小就最亲密的朋友，故选B项。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的怀里抱着一个有着美丽眼睛的小生物。A. tiny小的；B. large大的；
C. poor穷的；D. ugly丑的。根据下文“the kitten”“this little one”可知，是一只小猫，即小生物，故选A
项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一看到这只小猫，塔拉立刻被它的纯真所吸引。A. strangely奇怪地；B.
occasionally偶尔；C. specifically具体地；D. immediately立刻。根据下文“gift was unlike anything Tara hadever imagined, and she was deeply moved by her friend’s gesture”可知，她是喜欢这个礼物的，所以一看到这
只小猫就立刻被它吸引，故选D项。
50．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“惊喜！”Tina叫道，并把小猫拿出来给她看。A. took off起飞；B.
held out拿出；C. put away放下；D. left behind留下。根据上文“At the sight of the little cat, Tara was
drawn to its innocence.”可知，Tara被小猫吸引，所以Tina是拿出小猫来给她看，故选B项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想这个小家伙需要一个充满爱的家，还有谁比你和Sam更合适呢？A.
lose输；B. miss错过；C. use需要、用；D. build构建。根据下文“a loving home, and who’s better than you
and Sam?”可知，此处是指，小猫需要一个充满爱的家，故选C项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这份意想不到的礼物与塔拉所想象的完全不同，她被朋友的举动深深地
打动了。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. unpleasant不愉快的；D. unknown未知的。
根据下文“was unlike anything Tara had ever imagined”可知，这份礼物是意想不到的，故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢你，Tina” Tara设法说，她的声音因激动而哽咽，她的心充满了感
激，“这对我们来说意味着整个世界。”A. dropped掉落；B. rose上升；C. faded褪色；D. choked哽咽。
根据“Tara managed to say, her voice with emotion and his heart full of appreciation,”可知，Tara内
心非常感激，声音因为感激而有些哽咽，故选D项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tara和Sam给这只小猫取名叫Charles，它很快成为他们宇宙的中心，为
他们的家带来了无限的欢乐和笑声。A. restrictive限制的；B. temporary暂时的；C. boundless无限的；D.
imaginary虚构的。根据“became the centre of their universe, bringing joy and laughter to their
home.”可是，小猫给他们的家带来了无限的欢乐和笑声，故选C项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，Tara与Charles的联系加深了。A. bond联系，纽带；B.
division分配；C. exchange交换；D. trust信任。根据“Tara’s with Charles deepened”可知，此处
是指Tara和小猫之间的联系加深了，故选A项。
56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Charles对她的情绪非常敏感，当她陷入沉思或陷入悲伤时，它会蜷缩在
她身边。A. indifferent冷漠的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. accessible可接近的；D. resistant抗拒的。根据下文
“curling up beside her when she was lost in thought or sank into sadness.”可知，小猫对Tara的情绪非常敏感，
故选B项。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的陪伴成为她不断安慰的源泉。A. grief悲伤；B. tension紧张；C. pride
骄傲；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“comfort her”可知，小猫的陪伴对Tara来说是安慰的源泉，故选D项。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正是毛茸茸的朋友无条件的爱，才能治愈最深的伤口，安慰她烦恼的
心。A. relaxed放松的；B. troubled烦恼的；C. inspired受鼓舞的；D. delighted高兴的。根据“comfort her
heart.”可知，此处是指小猫能够安慰她烦恼的心，故选B项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的家里现在充满了小猫俏皮的喵喵叫声和轻柔的脚步声，小猫在他们
的生活中编织了一条美丽的线，并用温暖和爱装饰了它。A. touches触觉；B. tastes口味；C. sounds声音；
D. sights景象。根据下文“playful meows”可知，是家里充满了猫叫声，故选C项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的家里现在充满了小猫俏皮的喵喵叫声和轻柔的脚步声，小猫在他们
的生活中编织了一条美丽的线，并用温暖和爱装饰了它。A. compared比较；B. satisfied使满意；C.
decorated装饰；D. engaged参加。根据“who had woven a beautiful thread into their life and ________ it withwarmth and love.”可知，对于Tara和Sam来说，小猫在他们的生活中用温暖和爱装饰了他们的家，故选C
项。
题型二 人与自然类记叙文的考查
5.（2024·湖南衡阳·模拟预测）My family always had various animals around, but I never had one that
truly belonged to me. My parents didn’t permit me to 61 my own until I was nine years old. Finally, I
was 62 to have my own 63 , a fish called Mark. I told my parents that it was my
responsibility to 64 it.
Every Saturday, I would clean out his bowl. I found myself 65 invitations from my friends to go
somewhere immediately after school, because I would have to feed my fish first. Every day he would remind me
that I was 66 and that I had someone relying on me.
One day, I came home from school and headed to my room to 67 Mark. I found a 68
thing had happened. I 69 my bag and ran over to the bowl. I saw my best friend Mark floating around,
lifeless. I couldn’t believe what I was seeing.
My mom walked into my room. I turned around as tears started to well in my eyes. “Mommy, Mark died!”
With that 70 word I started crying uncontrollably. My mom came to my side as I hid my face in my
pillows.
After a while, I suddenly realized that Mark hadn’t just 71 me. He had taught me what 72
meant. I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl. This made me feel 73 . To my nine-
year-old self, this was a great 74 . Slowly, a smile crossed my face. Mark was gone. 75 ,
the lessons he taught me would forever be carved into my memory.
61．A．draw B．keep C．imagine D．share
62．A．doubtful B．surprised C．excited D．afraid
63．A．room B．pet C．time D．mind
64．A．get hold of B．make use of C．look after D．play with
65．A．turning down B．putting away C．asking for D．showing off
66．A．needed B．recognized C．scolded D．replaced
67．A．save B．wash C．impress D．feed
68．A．basic B．familiar C．magical D．terrible
69．A．emptied B．dropped C．grabbed D．checked
70．A．last B．common C．extra D．simple
71．A．defeated B．reminded C．left D．chosen
72．A．preference B．responsibility C．humanity D．independence
73．A．safe B．tired C．sorry D．good
74．A．achievement B．treatment C．disappointment D．agreement
75．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Therefore D．However
【答案】61．B 62．C 63．B 64．C 65．A 66．A 67．D 68．D 69．B 70．A
71．C 72．B 73．D 74．A 75．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者9岁的时候，父母允许作者养了一条名为Mark的鱼。作者
觉得照顾好这条鱼是他的责任。后来Mark死了，但是它教会了作者什么是责任。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父母直到我九岁才允许我养自己的动物。A. draw画，描绘；B. keep
养，饲养；C. imagine想象；D. share分享。根据上文“but I never had one that truly belonged to me.”可知，
作者从没有属于自己的宠物，故此处指直到九岁时父母才允许作者养宠物，故选B。
62．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我很高兴有了自己的宠物，一条叫Mark的鱼。A. doubtful怀疑
的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. excited兴奋的；D. afraid害怕的。根据“to have my own _________, a fish
called Mark”可知，有了宠物，作者应是感觉兴奋，故选C。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. room房间；B. pet宠物；C. time时间；D. mind头脑。根据“a
fish called Mark”可知，鱼是作者的宠物，故选B。
64．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉父母照看它是我的责任。A. get hold of获得；B. make use of利用；
C. look after照顾；D. play with和……玩耍。根据下文“Every Saturday, I would clean out his bowl.”以及
“because I would have to feed my fish first”可知，作者清洗碗和给鱼喂食，照顾鱼是作者的责任，故选C。
65．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我发现自己会拒绝朋友们放学后马上去某地的邀请，因为我得先喂鱼。A.
turning down拒绝；B. putting away收起，放好；C. asking for要求；D. showing off炫耀。根据“because I
would have to feed my fish first”可知，作者先要喂鱼，所以拒绝朋友们的邀约，故选A。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天他都会提醒我，有人需要我，有人依靠着我。A. needed需要；B.
recognized认出，识别；C. scolded责骂；D. replaced替代。根据上文“I would have to feed my fish first”和
空后“I had someone relying on me”可知，作者要给鱼喂食，故鱼需要作者，依赖作者，故选A。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我从学校回到家，去我的房间喂Mark。A. save救；B. wash洗；C.
impress给……留下深刻印象；D. feed喂食。根据上文“…after school, because I would have to feed my fish
first”可知，作者放学后先去喂鱼，故选D。
68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现发生了一件可怕的事情。A. basic基本的；B. familiar熟悉的；C.
magical有魔力的；D. terrible可怕的。根据下文“I saw my best friend Mark floating around, lifeless.(我看到
我最好的朋友Mark漂浮着，没有生命)”可知，作者发现了一件可怕的事情，故选D。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我扔下书包，跑到碗边。A. emptied清空；B. dropped放下；C. grabbed抓
住；D. checked检查。根据上文“I came home from school and headed to my room”和空后“ran over to the
bowl”可知，作者放学回家后去房间喂鱼时发现鱼死了，故是放下书包跑去查看，故选B。
70．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：说完最后一个字，我不由自主地哭了起来。A. last最后的；B. common
普通的；C. extra额外的；D. simple简单的。根据“Mommy, Mark died!”可知，作者说完这句话就哭了，故
选A。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我突然意识到Mark并没有离开我。A. defeated打败；B.
reminded提醒；C. left离开；D. chosen选择。根据下文内容以及文章后一句“the lessons he taught me would
forever be carved into my memory(他教给我的教训将永远铭刻在我的记忆中)”可知，Mark虽然死了，但他教
会作者什么是责任，故他并没有离开，故选C。72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他教会了我什么是责任。A. preference偏爱；B. responsibility责任；C.
humanity人性；D. independence独立。根据第一段中“I told my parents that it was my responsibility to
__________ it.”以及下文“I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl.(我是通过喂他吃饭和给他洗
碗学会的)”可知，作者通过照顾鱼学会了什么是责任，故选B。
73．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我感觉很好。A. safe安全的；B. tired累的；C. sorry抱歉的；D.
good好的。作者学会了什么是责任，这是一件好事，故选D。
74．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对9岁的我来说，这是一个伟大的成就。A. achievement成就；B. treatment
对待；C. disappointment失望；D. agreement协议。根据上文“He had taught me what 12 meant. I learned it
through feeding him and cleaning his bowl.”可知，作者学会什么是责任，这对9岁的作者来说是一项伟大的
成就，故选A。
75．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他教给我的教训将永远铭刻在我的记忆中。A. Otherwise否则；B.
Besides此外；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。上文“Mark was gone.(Mark走了)”和空后“the lessons
he taught me would forever be carved into my memory(他教给我的教训将永远铭刻在我的记忆中)”是转折关
系，故选D。
6. （24-25高三·湖南·开学考试）My passion has always been caring for animals. That’s why I 76
at Bidcawee. Bideawee is a shelter (收容所) for cats and dogs, where all the animals are equally 77 .
Whether the cat or the dog stays for a day or years, each one has a special place in my heart.
Most of the shelter dogs are so gentle and friendly that they cause me to wonder why no one has taken them
78 yet. The others need a bit of 79 and love to warm up, but once they 80 you, you fall
in love with them. One of my favorites is a dog called Lola. She always bark at strangers. However, once she sees
you often and gets 81 around you, she greets you with her tail wagging (摇摆), side to side.
A common characteristic with all of the dogs, though, is that they can adapt to changes and 82 the
life at the shelter. And that’s what I find so amazing about them. Timmy is a 7-year-old dog that was 83
after around six years with his owner. Nevertheless, he doesn’t just stay there, thinking about the past and 84
bis person to come back. Instead, he focuses on the 85 and is friendly with everyone. A two-year-old
dog called Noob lost leg in a car accident. However, he plays with other four-legged dogs 86 , as if the
injury didn’t bother him.
Bidcawee constantly 87 their volunteers, but to me, they have done more for me than I could
ever give to them. I truly enjoy every moment I 88 at this animal shelter, which gives me a 89
to be with all these lovely dogs and cats. It is definitely one of my most rewarding 90 .
76．A．learn B．volunteer C．live D．observe
77．A．loved B．tested C．shown D．introduced
78．A．there B．out C．home D．forward
79．A．assistance B．time C．effort D．support
80．A．approach B．contact C．discover D．recognize
81．A．curious B．comfortable C．active D．confident82．A．get used to B．get ready for C．are familiar with D．are tired of
83．A．injured B．raised C．abandoned D．adopted
84．A．directing B．reminding C．requiring D．expecting
85．A．present B．future C．changes D．memories
86．A．quietly B．separately C．differently D．normally
87．A．helps B．meets C．invites D．thanks
88．A．spare B．choose C．spend D．remember
89．A．dream B．chance C．job D．duty
90．A．experiences B．achievements C．strategies D．improvements
【答案】
76．B 77．A 78．C 79．B 80．D 81．B 82．A 83．C 84．D 85．A
86．D 87．D 88．C 89．B 90．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者在Bideawee做志愿者的经历并且描述了那里的猫和狗。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我在Bidcawee做志愿者。A. learn学习；B. volunteer志愿；
C. live生活； D. observe观察。根据上文“My passion has always been caring for animals.”以及下文“their
volunteers”可知，作者在Bidcawee做志愿者。故选B项。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bidewee是一个猫和狗的庇护所，在那里所有的动物都受到同样的爱。A.
loved爱；B. tested测试；C. shown展示；D. introduced介绍。根据上文“Bideawee is a shelter(收容所)for
cats and dogs”以及下文“each one has a special place in my heart.”可知，所有的动物都受到同样的爱。故选A
项。
78．考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数收容所的狗都是那么温柔和友好，它们让我想知道为什么还没有人
把它们带回家。A. there在那里；B. out向外；C. home回家；D. forward向前。根据上文“Most of the
shelter dogs are so gentle and friendly”可知，去动物收容所可以领养动物，带回家。故选C项
79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身，但一旦他们认可你，你就会爱上他
们。A. assistance帮助；B. time时间；C. effort努力； D. support支持。根据下文“love to warm up”可知，
其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身。故选B项。
80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身，但一旦他们认可你，你就会爱上他
们。A. approach接近；B. contact联系；C. discover发现；D. recognize认出,认可。根据下文“you fall in
love with them.”可知，一旦动物认可人类，人们就会爱上动物。故选D项。
81．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一旦它经常看到你，并且在你身边感到舒适，它就会摇尾巴，左
右摇摆，向你打招呼。 A. curious好奇的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. active积极的；D. confident自信的。
根据下文“she greets you with her tail wagging (摇摆), side to side.”可知，它在你身边感到舒服，就会向你表
示友好。故选B项。
82．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，所有的狗都有一个共同的特点，那就是它们能适应变化，习惯
收容所的生活。 A. get used to习惯于；B. get ready for准备；C. are familiar with熟悉；D. are tired of厌
倦。根据上文“adapt to changes”可知，狗能适应变化，习惯收容所的生活。 故选A项。
83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂米是一只7岁的狗，和主人在一起大约6年后被遗弃。A. injured受伤；B. raised提高；C. abandoned放弃；D. adopted收养。根据下文“Nevertheless, he doesn’t just stay there,
thinking about the past and ____9____ bis person to come back.”可知，狗被抛弃。故选C项。
84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他不只是呆在那里，想着过去，期待他的人回来。 A. directing指
导；B. reminding提醒；C. requiring要求；D. expecting期望。根据上文“Nevertheless, he doesn’t just stay
there, thinking about the past”可知，狗期待他的人回来。故选D项。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他专注于当下，对每个人都很友好。 A. present目前；现在；B.
future将来；C. changes改变；D. memories记忆。根据下文“is friendly with everyone.”可知，狗狗专注于当
下。故选A项。
86．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他和其他四条腿的狗正常玩耍，好像受伤没有打扰他一样。A.
quietly安静地；B. separately单独地 C. differently不同地；D. normally正常地。根据下文“as if the
injury didn’t bother him.”可知，他和其他四条腿的狗正常玩耍。故选D项。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bidcawee一直感谢他们的志愿者，但对我来说，他们为我做的比我能给他
们的要多。A. helps帮助；B. meets遇见；C. invites邀请； D. thanks感谢。志愿者们主动做了照顾动物的
事，所以对志愿者是感激的。故选D项。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱
的狗和猫在一起。A. spare匀出；B. choose选择；C. spend花费，度过； D. remember记得。根据上文
“every moment”可知，指度过的时刻。故选C项。
89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱
的狗和猫在一起。 A. dream梦想； B. chance机会；C. job工作； D. duty职责。根据上文“I
truly enjoy every moment I ____13____ at this animal shelter”可知，作者很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每
一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。故选B项。
90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是我最有价值的经历之一。A. experiences经历；B. achievements成
就；C. strategies策略；D. improvements提高。在Bidcawee做志愿者是一种经历。故选A项。
7.（2024·新疆乌鲁木齐·三模）Financial trouble had distanced us from the life that was. We decided to
91 our home. But first, we’d have to deal with two hugely 92 hollies (冬青树) that have overtaken
the front of the house.
We called landscapers (园艺师). The news wasn’t 93 . 20-plus years of neglect left us with only
two 94 : Let them be or tear them out. The idea of cutting off all that life just for a better view 95
us. We have never owned any green thing that grew well, except for those crazy hollies. But we still scheduled the
96 .
Over the two weeks before cutting, though, the trees 97 me. So I emailed one last landscaper. I
pinned my hopes on that. Daria came to our front lawn and said, “These can’t be trimmed (修剪).” “The trunks are
too 98 ,” she added. “I can cut them down to about 2 feet of trunk and see if they’ll grow.”
See if they’ll grow? Months? Years? I said nothing, but Daria could read our 99 . “If nothing
happens,” she said, “we’ll get you some new ones.” We gave her the green light.
But weeks later, I 100 the front bed. Three or four bunches of tiny leaves 101from one trunk. It was the 102 of small, good things arriving.
Each day, they made us smile, 103 us to have patience and gave us hope that all of us have the
104 to heal. For that, we thank those quiet, strong hollies, now 105 to the spring, as we look
forward to starting fresh.
91．A．build B．sell C．make D．repair
92．A．priceless B．leafless C．overgrown D．overvalued
93．A．important B．convincing C．fresh D．good
94．A．conditions B．designs C．choices D．reasons
95．A．frightened B．brightened C．sickened D．softened
96．A．removal B．protection C．planting D．rescue
97．A．surprised B．troubled C．changed D．comforted
98．A．rough B．straight C．smooth D．mature
99．A．experience B．doubt C．emotion D．opinion
100．A．took over B．gave up C．kept off D．glanced at
101．A．separated B．died C．appeared D．came
102．A．shock B．joy C．success D．reality
103．A．reminded B．allowed C．required D．expected
104．A．time B．desire C．freedom D．potential
105．A．awakening B．turning C．holding D．contributing
【答案】
91．B 92．C 93．D 94．C 95．C 96．A 97．B 98．D 99．B 100．D
101．C 102．B 103．A 104．D 105．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在经济困难时期，作者一家决定出售房子，却面临处理两株疯长
的冬青树的问题。在园艺师Daria的建议下，他们同意尝试将树砍至树干，看它们是否能重新生长。几周
后，树干上竟长出了新叶，带来了喜悦，提醒作者一家要有耐心，怀抱治愈的希望。这些冬青树的苏醒象
征着新的开始，让作者充满感激并期待未来。
91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们决定出售我们的房子。A. build建造；B. sell出售；C. make制作；D.
repair修理。根据上文“Financial trouble had distanced us from the life that was.”可知，经济上的困难使作者
一家远离了原来的生活，因此会决定出售房子。故选B。
92．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但首先，我们得处理两株疯长的冬青树，它们已经占据了房子的前面。
A. priceless无价的；B. leafless无叶的；C. overgrown植物蔓生的；D. overvalued高估的。根据下文“We
have never owned any green thing that grew well, except for those crazy hollies.”可知，这两株冬青树长得非常
好，上面全是枝叶。故选C。
93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：消息并不好。A. important重要的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. fresh
新鲜的；D. good好的。根据下文“20-plus years of neglect left us with only two ________: Let them be or tear
them out.”可知，作者一家要么让这两株冬青树继续存在，要么把它们移除，因此不是好消息。故选D。
94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20多年的忽视让我们只有两个选择：要么让它们存在，要么把它们移除。A. conditions条件；B. designs设计；C. choices选择；D. reasons原因。根据下文“Let them be or tear them
out”可知，作者一家要么让这两株冬青树继续存在，要么把它们移除，只有这两种选择。故选C。
95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们厌恶为了更好的风景而切断所有的生命的想法。A. frightened使害
怕；B. brightened使变得乐观；C. sickened使厌恶；D. softened使变软。根据下文“We have never owned
any green thing that grew well, except for those crazy hollies.”可知，除了那些疯狂的冬青，作者一家从来没有
拥有过任何生长良好的绿色植物，因此他们会厌恶移除树，切断树上所有的生命的想法。故选C。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们还是安排了移除。A. removal移除；B. protection保护；C. planting
种植；D. rescue救援。根据上文“We have never owned any green thing that grew well, except for those crazy
hollies.”以及表示转折的“But”可知，虽然作者一家有些舍不得这两株茂盛的冬青树，但还是安排了移除。
故选A。
97．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在砍树前的两个星期里，这些树一直困扰着我。A. surprised使惊讶
的；B. troubled困扰；C. changed改变；D. comforted安慰。根据下文“So I emailed one last landscaper. I
pinned my hopes on that.”可知，作者给最后一个园艺师发了邮件，把希望寄托在那上面，由此推知，这两
株冬青树困扰着他，他希望有替代性的方案。故选B。
98．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“树干太成熟了，”她补充说。A. rough粗糙的；B. straight直的；C.
smooth光滑的；D. mature成熟的。根据上文“These can’t be trimmed (修剪).”可知，Daria认为无法修剪这
两株冬青树，由此推知，这是因为树干太成熟，太粗壮。故选D。
99．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我什么也没说，但Daria看出了我们的怀疑。A. experience经验；B. doubt
怀疑；C. emotion情感；D. opinion观点。根据上文“See if they’ll grow? Months? Years?”可知，作者对树干
重新生长充满怀疑，Daria看出了这一点。故选B。
100．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但几周后，我瞥了一眼前面的花坛。A. took over接管；B. gave up放弃；
C. kept off远离；D. glanced at瞥一眼。根据下文“Three or four bunches of tiny leaves _______ from one
trunk.”可知，三四串小叶子是作者瞥了一眼前面的花坛后看到的事物。故选D。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一根树干上出现了三四串小叶子。A. separated分开；B. died死亡；C.
appeared出现；D. came到来。根据下文“small, good things arriving”可知，小而美好的事物到来了，因此
是树干上出现了三四串小叶子。故选C。
102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是小而美好的事物到来时的喜悦。A. shock震惊；B. joy喜悦；C.
success成功；D. reality现实。根据下文“of small, good things arriving”可知，小而美好的事物到来会让人
喜悦。故选B。
103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一天，它们都让我们微笑，提醒我们要有耐心，给我们希望，我们都
有治愈的潜力。A. reminded提醒；B. allowed允许；C. required需要；D. expected期望。根据上文被砍后的
树干上长出了新叶，以及下文“us to have patience and gave us hope”可知，它们是提醒作者一家要有耐心，
给了他们希望。故选A。
104．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一天，它们都让我们微笑，提醒我们要有耐心，给我们希望，我们都
有治愈的潜力。A. time时间；B. desire欲望；C. freedom自由；D. potential潜力。根据上文被砍后的树干
上长出了新叶，以及下文“to heal”可知，它们象征着治愈的潜力。故选D。
105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为此，我们感谢那些安静、强壮的冬青树，它们现在正在苏醒，迎接春天，我们期待着新的开始。A. awakening醒来；B. turning转向；C. holding持有；D. contributing做贡献。
根据上文“Three or four bunches of tiny leaves ____11____ from one trunk.”可知，被砍后的树干上地长出了
新叶，它们是苏醒了，迎接春天。故选A。
8.（2024·宁夏银川·一模）Andrew Otazo, 35, and Manny Rionda, 55, from Florida, used an app to track
the hurricane bands. They 106 until winds temporarily became weaker before heading out to Key
Biscayne Beach to 107 trash.
Then they hauled (拖) in 310 pounds of washed-up traps, rope and other 108 . Two warm-hearted
strangers who eagerly joined the cleanup group helped 109 this. The traps can cause great 110
, Otazo said, as they pose a risk to turtles and birds.
Otazo started doing this five years ago, when he 111 a lot of trash trapped beneath the exposed
roots of Florida mangroves (红树林). He began to 112 mangroves, and quickly learned about their
113 . They protect the region from erosion (侵蚀) — particularly during extreme weather events, including
hurricanes. Then he started to collect trash. So far, he has 114 more than 22,000pounds of trash from
South Florida’s coastal ecosystem.
“Florida mangroves 115 the effects of natural disasters — the power that 116 can have
in protecting our lives and our belongings is great,” said Anne Birch, a Florida ocean and coast strategy director,
adding that mangroves are 117 . “If mangroves are reduced in size, then you are reducing their benefits,”
Birch said 118 .
Birch also said that the 119 of environmentalists such as Otazo and Rionda is important. “When
you start accumulating (积聚) the power of one 120 , you can make a real difference,” she said.
That’s Otazo’s 121 . Otazo also delivers speeches regularly to raise 122 and encourage
people to protect the coastal ecosystem.
As natural disasters occur more frequently — which scientists say are 123 , at least in part, by
climate change — Otazo believes his 124 is more important than ever.” I’m 125 to doing this
for the rest of my life, until I physically can’t do it anymore,” Otazo said.
106．A．chatted B．hesitated C．waited D．complained
107．A．pick up B．sort out C．set fire to D．make use of
108．A．equipment B．material C．baggage D．waste
109．A．cover B．accomplish C．carry D．control
110．A．uncertainty B．change C．damage D．conflict
111．A．buried B．collected C．cleaned D．noticed
112．A．plant B．research C．protect D．appreciate
113．A．role B．species C．favorite D．growth
114．A．recycled B．burned C．removed D．monitored
115．A．suffer B．ease C．avoid D．show
116．A．determinationB．knowledge C．action D．nature117．A．threatened B．ignored C．decorated D．introduced
118．A．regretfully B．politely C．worriedly D．calmly
119．A．reputation B．work C．opinion D．recognition
120．A．voice B．individual C．community D．solution
121．A．concern B．style C．choice D．goal
122．A．awareness B．doubts C．money D．expectations
123．A．maintained B．challenged C．fueled D．surrounded
124．A．observation B．health C．courage D．initiative
125．A．committed B．limited C．accustomed D．reduced
【答案】
106．C 107．A 108．D 109．B 110．C 111．D 112．B 113．A 114．C
115．B 116．D 117．A 118．C 119．B 120．B 121．D 122．A 123．C
124．D 125．A
【导语】本文的体裁是新闻报道，主要讲述了Andrew Otazo和Manny Rionda两位来自佛罗里达的环保人
士利用应用程序追踪飓风，等待时机清理海岸线垃圾，尤其是危险的渔网和陷阱，保护海洋生态和野生动
物的故事。
106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一直等到风暂时减弱，才前往Key Biscayne Beach海滩捡垃圾。A.
chatted聊天；B. hesitated犹豫；C. waited等待；D. complained抱怨。根据下文的“until winds temporarily
became weaker before heading out to Key Biscayne Beach to 2 trash.”可知，他们在利用应用程序追踪飓风
带，等待合适时机出去清理垃圾。故选C。
107．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们一直等到风暂时减弱，才前往比斯坎湾海滩捡垃圾。A. pick up捡
起、接（某人）；B. sort out整理、分类；C. set fire to放火烧；D. make use of利用。根据下文的“Then
they hauled (拖) in 310 pounds of washed-up traps, rope”可知，他们拖回了很多垃圾，所以此处指他们前往比
斯坎湾海滩捡垃圾。故选A。
108．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他们拖回了310磅被冲上岸的陷阱、绳索和其他废物。A. equipment
设备；B. material材料；C. baggage行李；D. waste废物。根据上文的“Then they hauled (拖) in 310 pounds
of washed-up traps, rope and other”可知，他们是在清理海滩垃圾，如陷阱、绳索和其他废物。故选D。
109．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两位热心的陌生人加入清理队伍帮助完成了这件事。A. cover覆盖、包
括；B. accomplish完成；C. carry携带、搬运；D. control控制。根据上文的“Then they hauled (拖) in 310
pounds of washed-up traps, rope and other 3 . Two warm-hearted strangers who eagerly joined the cleanup group
helped”可知，两位热心的陌生人帮助完成清理工作。故选B。
110．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Otazo说，这些陷阱会造成很大的伤害，因为它们对海龟和鸟类构成风
险。A. uncertainty不确定性；B. change改变；C. damage损害；D. conflict冲突。根据下文的“as they pose
a risk to turtles and birds”可知，它们对海龟和鸟类构成风险，所以这些陷阱会造成很大的伤害。故选C。
111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Otazo五年前开始这样做，当时他注意到许多垃圾被困在佛罗里达红树林
裸露的根部下。A. buried埋葬；B. collected收集；C. cleaned清洁；D. noticed注意到。根据下文的“a lot
of trash trapped beneath the exposed roots of Florida mangroves (红树林)”可知，他发现垃圾，即注意到这些垃圾。故选D。
112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始研究红树林，并迅速了解了它们的作用。A. plant种植；B. research
研究；C. protect保护；D. appreciate欣赏、感激。根据下文的“mangroves, and quickly learned about their 8
. They protect the region from erosion (侵蚀)—particularly during extreme weather events, including hurricanes.
Then he started to collect trash.”可知，他开始研究红树林，了解了它们的作用，进而开始保护红树林。故选
B。
113．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始研究红树林，并迅速了解了它们的作用。A. role角色、作用；B.
species物种；C. favorite最喜欢的人或物；D. growth生长。根据下文的“They protect the region from
erosion (侵蚀)”可知，他了解了它们的重要作用。故选A。
114．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，他已经从南佛罗里达州的沿海生态系统中清除了超过22,000
磅的垃圾。A. recycled回收；B. burned燃烧；C. removed移除，清除；D. monitored监控。根据下文的
“more than 22,000pounds of trash from South Florida’s coastal ecosystem”可知，他已经从南佛罗里达州的沿
海生态系统中清除了很多垃圾。故选C。
115．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“佛罗里达的红树林减轻了自然灾害的影响——大自然在保护我们的生
命和财产方面的力量是巨大的，”佛罗里达州海洋和海岸战略主任安妮·伯奇说，并补充说红树林受到了威
胁。A. suffer遭受；B. ease缓解；C. avoid避免；D. show显示。根据下文的“the effects of natural disasters”
和常识可知，红树林能缓解灾害影响。故选B。
116．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“佛罗里达的红树林减轻了自然灾害的影响——大自然在保护我们的生
命和财产方面的力量是巨大的，”佛罗里达州海洋和海岸战略主任安妮·伯奇说，并补充说红树林受到了威
胁。A. determination决心；B. knowledge知识；C. action行动；D. nature自然。根据上文的“the effects of
natural disasters”和下文的“Life was tough, and proper schooling”可知，佛罗里达的红树林减轻了自然灾害的
影响，这说明大自然在保护我们的生命和财产方面的力量是巨大的。故选D。
117．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“佛罗里达的红树林减轻了自然灾害的影响——大自然在保护我们的生
命和财产方面的力量是巨大的，”佛罗里达州海洋和海岸战略主任安妮·伯奇说，并补充说红树林受到了威
胁。A. threatened威胁；B. ignored忽视；C. decorated装饰；D. introduced介绍。根据下文的“If mangroves
are reduced in size”可知，当前环境问题中红树林面临困境、威胁。故选A。
118．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“如果红树林的面积减少了，那么你就减少了它们带来的好处，”Birch
忧心忡忡地说。A. regretfully遗憾地；B. politely礼貌地；C. worriedly担忧地；D. calmly平静地。根据上
文的“If mangroves are reduced in size, then you are reducing their benefits”可知，Birch担忧地说明了红树林
状况。故选C。
119．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Birch还表示，像Otazo和Rionda这样的环保主义者的努力是很重要的。
A. reputation名声；B. work工作、努力；C. opinion观点；D. recognition认可。根据下文的“of
environmentalists such as Otazo and Rionda is important”可知，此处赞扬他们的行动，像Otazo和Rionda这样
的环保主义者的努力是很重要的。故选B。
120．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“当你开始积聚一个人的力量时，你就能做出真正的改变。”A.
voice声音；B. individual个人；C. community社区；D. solution解决方案。根据上文的“When you start
accumulating (积聚) the power of one”可知，此处强调个体行动的重要性。故选B。121．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是Otazo的目标。A. concern关注；B. style风格；C. choice选择；D.
goal目标。根据上文的“When you start accumulating (积聚) the power of one 15 , you can make a real
difference”可知，“当你开始积聚一个人的力量时，你就能做出真正的改变。”，这就是Otazo的目标。故
选D。
122．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Otazo还定期发表演讲，提高人们的意识并鼓励人们保护沿海生态系统。
A. awareness意识；B. doubts怀疑；C. money金钱；D. expectations期望。根据上文的“Otazo also delivers
speeches regularly to raise”可知，Otazo定期发表演讲，提升公众环保意识。故选A。
123．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着自然灾害越来越频繁地发生——科学家们说，气候变化至少在一定
程度上加剧了自然灾害——Otazo认为，他的倡议比以往任何时候都更加重要。A. maintained维持；B.
challenged挑战；C. fueled激发、加剧；D. surrounded围绕。根据上文的“As natural disasters occur more
frequently”和下文的“at least in part, by climate change”可知，气候变化加剧了自然灾害。故选C。
124．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着自然灾害越来越频繁地发生——科学家们说，气候变化至少在一定
程度上加剧了自然灾害——Otazo认为，他的倡议比以往任何时候都更加重要。A. observation观察；B.
health健康；C. courage勇气；D. initiative倡议。根据下文的“is more important than ever”可知，气候变化
加剧了自然灾害，他的倡议比以往任何时候都更加重要。故选D。
125．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我决心用我的余生来做这件事，直到我身体不能再做为止。”，Otazo
说。A. committed承诺；B. limited限制；C. accustomed使习惯；D. reduced减少。根据下文的“to doing
this for the rest of my life, until I physically can’t do it anymore”可知，此处表达Otazo的长期承诺和决心。故
选A。
题型三 人与自我类记叙文的考查
9.（24-25 高三·湖北武汉·阶段练习）In my early thirties, I decided to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the
highest mountain in Africa at 5, 895meters above sea level.
After months of preparation, I started my great 126 . At the base of the mountain, I met Mik, a local
porter, who warmly 127 me. Mik’s job was to carry my equipment up the mountain, set up the tent, and
carry everything back down after reaching the 128 .
The first day of the climb was 129 the rain forest, across a slippery , muddy ground covered with tree
roots and vines (藤蔓). Mik was carrying 30 kilos on his head! By that evening, we made it to 3,000meters. The air
was 130 and it was colder. When I arrived at the campsite for the night, my tent was already set up and
waiting for me.
Day two was much steeper and rockier. I really had to 131 what I was doing. And I felt guilty for the
tough 132 Mik had to work in. Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile, “pole, pole,” which
means “ 133 , take it easy” in his native language. I 134 back, my burden lighter somehow.
Over the next five days, the climb got 135 difficult. The temperatures could 136 from
21℃to below freezing in a few hours. At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen 137 in each breath
compared to at sea level. That leaves many people with severe headache. Yet Mik always had a smile and a positiveattitude. It had an enormous impact on me, giving me the 138 to keep going.
Even today, when I find myself 139 with anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile. A
great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even 140 strangers to the top of a mountain.
126．A．performance B．business C．presentation D．adventure
127．A．questioned B．congratulated C．greeted D．invited
128．A．base B．peak C．forest D．border
129．A．outside B．beside C．through D．over
130．A．thinner B．softer C．drier D．sweeter
131．A．focus on B．turn on C．bring up D．break up
132．A．locations B．conditions C．atmosphere D．competition
133．A．stop B．hurry C．relax D．move
134．A．ran B．talked C．smiled D．rode
135．A．slightly B．increasingly C．automatically D．equally
136．A．swing B．circle C．climb D．last
137．A．predictable B．available C．noticeable D．affordable
138．A．impression B．platform C．opportunity D．strength
139．A．cooperating B．struggling C．associating D．communicating
140．A．persuade B．introduce C．motivate D．recommend
【答案】
126．D 127．C 128．B 129．C 130．A 131．A 132．B 133．C 134．C
135．B 136．A 137．B 138．D 139．B 140．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山的经历，并强调了保持积
极态度的重要性。
126．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的准备，我开始了我伟大的冒险。A. performance表现、表
演；B. business生意；C. presentation介绍；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“In my early thirties, I decided to
climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa at 5, 895 meters above sea level.”可知，作者决定攀登
非洲最高峰，这自然是冒险。故选D。
127．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在山脚下，我遇到了当地的搬运工Mik，他热情地和我打招呼。A.
questioned质疑；B. congratulated祝贺；C. greeted欢迎；D. invited邀请。根据“a local porter”可知，Mik是
搬运工，那么自然在山脚迎接作者。故选C。
128．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mik的工作是把我的设备搬上山，支好帐篷，到达山顶后再把所有东西搬
下来。A. base底部、基地；B. peak顶峰；C. forest森林；D. border边界。根据上文“Mik’s job was to carry
my equipment up the mountain, set up the tent, and carry everything back down”可知，Mik需要帮助作者把东西
搬上去，然后到达山顶再卸下来。故选B。
129．考查介词词义辨析。句意：攀爬的第一天要穿过热带雨林，穿过一片长满树根和藤蔓的湿滑泥泞的
地面。A. outside在……外；B. beside在……旁；C. through通过；D. over超越。根据空后的“the rain
forest, across a slippery, muddy ground covered with tree roots and vines.”可知，空处指的是“穿过”热带雨林，从内部穿过，用介词through。故选C。
130．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：空气更稀薄，也更冷。A. thinner更稀薄的；B. softer更软的；C. drier
更干燥的；D. sweeter更甜蜜的。根据前文“By that evening, we made it to 3,000 meters.”和常理可知，越往
山上走，空气越稀薄。故选A。
131．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我必须专注于我正在做的事情。A. focus on专注于；B. turn on打开；C.
bring up提出；D. break up分手。根据空前的“Day two was much steeper and rockier.”可知，路很难走，所
以作者得专注。故选A。
132．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对Mik不得不在这样艰苦的条件下工作感到内疚。A. locations方位；
B. conditions条件；C. atmosphere氛围；D. competition竞赛。根据上文“Day two was much steeper and
rockier”可知，作者是对于Mik不得不在这样艰苦的条件下工作而感到内疚。故选B。
133．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我转向Mik时，他面带笑容地说：“pole, pole”，在他的母语
中，意思是“放松，放轻松”。A. stop停下；B. hurry急忙；C. relax放松；D. move移动。根据空后的
“take it easy”可推测，空处指的是放松。故选C。
134．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也报以微笑，我的负担不知怎么减轻了。A. ran跑；B. talked谈论；C.
smiled笑；D. rode骑行。根据上文“Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile,”可知，Mik是在
对着作者笑，因此空处指的是作者也对着Mik笑。故选C。
135．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五天里，攀登变得越来越困难。A. slightly稍微；B.
increasingly逐渐地、越来越……；C. automatically自动地；D. equally同样地。根据“The temperatures
could swing from 21℃ to below freezing in a few hours.”和常识可知，越往上攀爬越困难。故选B。
136．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几小时内，气温就会从21摄氏度降到冰点以下。A. swing摇摆；B. circle
转圈；C. climb爬；D. last持续。根据空后的“from 21℃ to below freezing in a few hours.”可知，空处指的
是气温的变化。故选A。
137．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在海拔5700米的地方，每次呼吸所含的氧气只有海平面的一半。A.
predictable可预测的；B. available可利用的、可得到的；C. noticeable显而易见的；D. affordable承担得起
的。根据空前“At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen”可知，空处指的是在海拔5700米的地方的氧气
含量只有海平面的一半。故选B。
138．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它对我产生了巨大的影响，给了我继续前进的力量。A. impression印象；
B. platform月台、平台；C. opportunity机会；D. strength力气。根据下文“A great attitude can bring joy to
those around you, or even 15 strangers to the top of a mountain.”可知，Mik积极的态度对作者有很大的影
响，激励作者前行，也就是给了作者前行的力量。故选D。
139．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，当我发现自己在生活中挣扎时，我也会想起Mik和他的微
笑。A. cooperating合作；B. struggling挣扎；C. associating联系；D. communicating交流。根据下文“with
anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile”和上文内容可知，作者爬山是冒险，也就是在挣扎；由
此可知，作者指的是即便在现在，只要作者很辛苦地挣扎时，作者都会想到Mik。故选B。
140．考查动词词义辨析。句意：良好的态度可以给你周围的人带来快乐，甚至可以激励陌生人登上山
顶。A. persuade劝服；B. introduce介绍；C. motivate激励；D. recommend推荐。根据上文“It had an
enormous impact on me, giving me the 13 to keep going.”可知，Mik的态度一直激励着作者继续前行。故选C。
10.（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）Many people think of travel as an experience. Sometimes, however, you
cannot choose the places you travel to. This happened to me in 2019.
My husband 141 himself posted in Brunei for work. Being three months pregnant meant that I had
a choice: 142 stay with him in Brunei for three months before returning back to India or remain alone. I
chose the former.
Brunei had never held any 143 to me. Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me
nothing 144 one beautiful mosque (清真寺). The flights were expensive so traveling 145 was
not an option. I was overwhelmed by a sense of being 146 in a remote place. Needless to say, I reached
Brunei in a pretty bad mood. I think one of the things that 147 me the most even in such mood was the
large areas of greenery that 148 us, which made me calm.
After a week, I soon found myself 149 with people around me. The 150 all went out
of their way to make me feel comfortable. The more comfortable I felt, the more we 151 . I hiked, I
joined the board game community, and I enjoyed the local cuisine. Three months later when it was time to leave, I
was 152 to say goodbye to the warmth of the country I had called 153 for a short while.
I think that my time in Brunei taught me a 154 lesson: Don’t judge a place by what others say.
Sure, you may not always like what you see, but you just need to take a(n) 155 look to find something
you will like.
141．A．felt B．found C．expected D．kept
142．A．neither B．rather C．either D．whether
143．A．adventure B．curiosity C．impression D．appeal
144．A．other than B．rather than C．more than D．except for
145．A．frequently B．continually C．casually D．intensively
146．A．addicted B．refreshed C．trapped D．revived
147．A．adored B．upset C．surprised D．struck
148．A．generated B．surrounded C．touched D．impressed
149．A．laughing B．celebrating C．interacting D．struggling
150．A．colleagues B．locals C．officials D．friends
151．A．contributed B．explored C．adapted D．alleviated
152．A．unwilling B．eager C．satisfied D．anxious
153．A．destination B．territory C．home D．heaven
154．A．advanced B．valuable C．plain D．related
155．A．professional B．flexible C．irregular D．hard
【答案】
141．B 142．C 143．D 144．A 145．A 146．C 147．D 148．B 149．C
150．B 151．B 152．A 153．C 154．B 155．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者跟随丈夫去文莱住了三月，在此期间，对文莱的认知和感受
发生了巨大的变化
141．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫被派往文莱工作。A. felt感觉；B. found发现，发觉（处于某种状
态，在做某事）；C. expected期望；D. kept保持。根据下文“himself posted in Brunei for work”可知作者的
丈夫被派往文莱工作，处于这种状态，故选B。
142．考查固定搭配。句意：怀孕三个月意味着我有一个选择：要么和他一起在文莱待三个月，然后返回
印度，要么独自一人。A. neither既不；B. rather反而；C. either还，也；D. whether是否。根据上文
“Being three months pregnant meant that I had a choice”和下文可知作者要在两者中做选择，所以是或者这
样，或者那样，either…or…意为“或者……或者……”，符合语境，故选C。
143．考查名词词义辨析。句意：文莱对我从来没有什么吸引力。A. adventure冒险；B. curiosity好奇心；
C. impression印象；D. appeal吸引力。根据下文“Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me
nothing”可知文莱没有什么可以吸引作者的，故选D。
144．考查固定短语辨析。句意：无论我在网上做什么研究，除了一座美丽的清真寺，我什么也找不到。
A. other than除了；B. rather than而不是；C. more than不只是；D. except for除……之外。根据上下文
“Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me nothing 4 one beautiful mosque (清真寺).”可
知前后转折了，所以应该是除了一座美丽的清真寺，故选A。
145．考查副词词义辨析。句意：机票很贵，所以经常旅行不是一个选择。A. frequently频繁地；B.
continually继续地；C. casually随便地；D. intensively强烈地。根据上文“The flights were expensive”可知飞
机票很贵，所以经常出行不太现实，故选A。
146．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被一种被困在一个遥远的地方的感觉淹没了。A. addicted使沉迷；B.
refreshed使精神抖擞；C. trapped使困住；D. revived使复活。根据上文“The flights were expensive so
traveling 5 was not an option.”可知机票很贵，不能来回的旅行，所以作者有一种被困在文莱的
感觉，故选C。
147．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，即使在这种心情下，最让我印象深刻的是我们周围大面积的绿色
植物，这让我感到平静。A. adored爱慕；B. upset使不安；C. surprised使惊讶；D. struck给……印象。根
据下文“the most even in such mood was the large areas of greenery that 8 us, which made me calm.”
可知是大面积的绿植给作者留下深刻印象，让作者感到平静。故选D。
148．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. generated产生；B. surrounded包围；C. touched感动；D.
impressed给……深刻印象。根据下文“the large areas of greenery”和下文“which made me calm”可知应该是
被绿植包围，让人感到平静，故选B。
149．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，我很快就发现自己能和周围的人交流了。A. laughing大笑；B.
celebrating庆祝；C. interacting互动，交流；D. struggling挣扎。根据下文“The 1 0 all went out of
their way to make me feel comfortable.”可知是当地人很热心，作者很快就能和他们交流互动了，故选C。
150．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地人都想尽办法让我感到舒适。A. colleagues同事；B. locals当地人；
C. officials官员；D. friends朋友。根据上文“with people around me”可知作者到了文莱，身边应都是当地
人，故选B。
151．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉越舒服，我们探索得就越多。A. contributed贡献；B. explored探索；C. adapted适应；D. alleviated减轻。根据下文“I hiked, I joined the board game community, and I enjoyed
the local cuisine.”可知当地人让作者感到舒服，作者就越喜欢探索当地，参加当地的活动，品尝当地的美
食，故选B。
152．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，当我要离开的时候，我不愿意暂时离开这个我称之为家的
温暖的国家。A. unwilling不愿意的；B. eager热切的；C. satisfied满意的；D. anxious焦急的。根据上文
“The more comfortable I felt, the more we 1 1 . I hiked, I joined the board game community, and I
enjoyed the local cuisine.”可知作者适应了文莱的生活，所以在离开的时候应该是不愿意离开，故选A。
153．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. destination目的地；B. territory领土；C. home家；D. heaven天
堂。根据上文“The more comfortable I felt, the more we 1 1 . I hiked, I joined the board game
community, and I enjoyed the local cuisine.”和下文“the warmth of the country”可知作者适应了文莱的生活，
感受了这个国家的温暖，所以她把文莱当作家，故选C。
154．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为在文莱的经历给我上了宝贵的一课：不要以貌取人。A.
advanced先进的；B. valuable宝贵的；C. plain朴素的；D. related相关的。根据下文“Don’t judge a place by
what others say.”可知文莱的经历给作者上了宝贵的一课，让作者知道看东西不能只看表面，故选B。
155．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，你可能并不总是喜欢你所看到的，但你只需要仔细看看才能找
到你会喜欢的东西。A. professional专业的；B. flexible灵活的；C. irregular不规则的；D. hard仔细的，认
真的。根据下文“to find something you will like”可知要找到你会喜欢的东西，就要仔细看看，故选D。
11.（2024·安徽·二模）My father passed away when I was 10. With my family hardly making ends meet, I
grew up 156 . I went to community college and then 157 an academic scholarship to Southern
Methodist University’s Cox School of Business in Dallas, where I needed to keep my grades up to keep the
scholarship. That was 158 , because at the same time, I was working after school to pay the bills.
By November 1995, the full course 159 and work schedule left me physically and mentally worn
out. One night, I came home from work late and reached my 160 point. I had class in just a few hours and
still needed to prepare, despite 161 needing a few hours of sleep. I sat on the floor of my apartment and
162 .
Then I had an idea. With tears in my eyes, I 163 and wrote myself a check for $1 million. I told
myself that I would 164 that check for the full amount three years after graduation. At the time, I usually
had so little money in my 165 that I never knew if I would have enough to 166 $40 from the
bank.
Fast-forward to 1996. I had graduated from SMU, and within three years, I was building the first of several
companies I would 167 and sell over the next few decades. The 168 of those businesses
exceeded (超过) that of the check.
I’ve never cashed it. 169 , I keep it in my drawer as a（n） 170 that I can make it, no
matter how tough things get.
156．A．happy B．shy C．poor D．brave
157．A．earned B．founded C．expected D．introduced158．A．impossible B．difficult C．fun D．necessary
159．A．option B．load C．promotion D．relief
160．A．starting B．sticking C．talking D．breaking
161．A．desperately B．originally C．gradually D．temporarily
162．A．whispered B．recalled C．cried D．regretted
163．A．gave in B．bent down C．turned around D．got up
164．A．recover B．share C．cash D．examine
165．A．mind B．account C．bill D．salary
166．A．withdraw B．donate C．afford D．save
167．A．release B．launch C．purchase D．join
168．A．value B．cost C．challenge D．budget
169．A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Instead
170．A．agreement B．announcement C．reminder D．warning
【答案】
156．C 157．A 158．B 159．B 160．D 161．A 162．C 163．D 164．C
165．B 166．A 167．B 168．A 169．D 170．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从小因家境贫困刻苦学习获得奖学金，并在学习之余工作付账
单。在自己濒临崩溃的时候，作者给自己开了一张支票，以激励自己摆脱现状。最终在不断努力下作者成
立了几家公司。那张支票成了一种提醒，提醒自己论事情有多艰难都能做到。
156．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家庭几乎入不敷出，我从小就很穷。A. happy快乐的；B. shy害羞
的；C. poor可怜的；D. brave勇敢的。根据上文“With my family hardly making ends meet”可知，作者从小
家里就很贫穷。故选C项。
157．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我上了社区大学，然后获得了达拉斯南卫理公会大学考克斯商学院的学
术奖学金，在那里我需要保持成绩才能获得奖学金。A. earned赢得，赚；B. founded创立；C. expected预
期；D. introduced介绍。根据下文“an academic scholarship”以及“where I needed to keep my grades up to
keep the scholarship”可知，作者获得了奖学金。故选A项。
158．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很困难，因为与此同时，我放学后还要工作来支付账单。A.
impossible不可能的；B. difficult困难的；C. fun有趣的；D. necessary必需的。根据下文“because at the
same time, I was working after school to pay the bills”可知，作者需要放学后工作付账单，能在学业上获得奖
学金是很不容易的。故选B项。
159．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到1995年11月，我的满满的课程负载和工作日程让我身心疲惫。A.
option选择；B. load负载；C. promotion促销；D. relief宽慰。根据下文“left me physically and mentally
worn out”可知，满满的课业和工作让作者很疲惫。故选B项。
160．考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我下班回家很晚，到了崩溃的地步。A. starting启动；
B. sticking粘；C. talking说话；D. breaking打破。根据上文“left me physically and mentally worn out”以及
下文“I had class in just a few hours and still needed to prepare, despite ______ needing a few hours of sleep. I
sat on the floor of my apartment and _____”可知，这一天的劳累让作者处于崩溃的边缘，breaking point意为“崩溃点，极限”。故选D项。
161．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我刚上了几个小时的课，尽管我迫切需要几个小时的睡眠，但我仍然需
要准备。A. desperately拼命地，极度地；B. originally最初地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. temporarily暂时
地。根据上文“I had class in just a few hours and still needed to prepare”可知，作者上了几个小时的课还要再
准备课，因此作者是非常疲劳，非常需要休息。故选A项。
162．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在公寓的地板上哭了。A. whispered低声说；B. recalled召回，回
忆；C. cried哭；D. regretted后悔。根据上文“One night, I came home from work late and reached
my ___5___ point.”以及下文“With tears in my eyes”可知，作者快要崩溃了，就哭了。故选C项。
163．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我热泪盈眶，起床给自己开了一张100万美元的支票。A. gave in屈服；
B. bent down弯下腰；C. turned around转向；D. got up起床，站起来。根据上文“One night, I came home
from work late and reached my ______ point.”可知，作者是在晚上从床上起来给自己开支票。故选D项。
164．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己，我会在毕业三年后全额兑现那张支票。A. recover恢复；B.
share分享；C. cash兑现支票；D. examine检查。根据下文“At the time, I usually had so little money in
my ______ that I never knew if I would have enough to ______ $40 from the bank.”可知，作者要用现金兑现
这张支票。故选C项。
165．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，我的账户里通常只有很少的钱，我不知道我是否有足够的钱从银
行提取40美元。A. mind注意；B. account账户；C. bill账单；D. salary薪水。根据下文“to ______ $40
from the bank.”可知，作者从银行取钱一定有银行账户。故选B项。
166．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. withdraw撤回，提取；B. donate捐赠；C. afford承担得起；D.
save拯救。根据下文“$40 from the bank”可知，是从银行取钱。故选A项。
167．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我毕业于SMU，在三年内，我建立了我将在未来几十年推出和销售的几
家公司中的第一家。A. release释放；B. launch启动，发起，上市；C. purchase购买；D. join参加。根据上
文“building the first of several companies”可知，这是作者成立的几家公司并致力于上市和销售。故选B
项。
168．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些业务的价值超过了支票的价值。A. value价值；B. cost成本；C.
challenge挑战；D. budget预算。根据下文“I had graduated from SMU, and within three years, I was building
the first of several companies I would ______ and sell over the next few decades.”可知，作者成立了几家公
司，这几家公司的价值远远超过了这张支票。故选A项。
169．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我把它放在抽屉里，作为一种提醒，无论事情有多艰难，我都能
做到。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover此外；D. Instead相反。根据上文“I’ve never
cashed it.”以及下文“I keep it in my drawer as a(n) ___15___ that I can make it, no matter how tough things
get.”可知，上下文是转折关系，此处需要副词表示转折，Instead符合语境。故选D项。
170．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. agreement协议；B. announcement公告；C. reminder提醒；D.
warning警告。根据下文“I can make it, no matter how tough things get”可知，作者把这张支票当做了一种提
醒，提醒自己论事情有多艰难都能做到。故选C项。
12.（2025·浙江·模拟预测）I was in Chicago for a job training when I knew a nearby theatre was releasinga film about saving dogs. However, none of my co-workers could 171 time for me. I got cold feet for
anxiety about 172 the streets by myself at night alone.
But in my hotel room I felt 173 and bored. The theatre was only about five blocks away from the
hotel. How could I get lost? Hence, I decided to 174 it. I gathered my room key and set off. I managed to
find the street of the theatre but stopped in shock. The street was full of bikers-lots of very big, 175
bikers.
Now I was a woman all alone at night. Warning bells began to sound and my heart 176 in my
throat. Was I at the right theatre? Had I 177 the date of the event?
I finally decided that I would be safer inside the theatre. I hurried into the theatre. As I sat there, heart racing,
178 the film, I muttered a prayer to 179 my anxieties. A local blues-rock band was the opening
180 and their performance drew my attention. Enthusiasm for the band’s performance soon 181
all my worries from my mind and I began to relax.
After the band, the film began and I understood the presence of the bikers after a conversation with the staff.
Being part of an animal rescue group, they had escorted (护送) dogs from New Jersey to Chicago. At that moment,
I was struck by the bond that had drawn so many originally 182 folks to the same spot. I stayed till the
very end and made it to my hotel without any incident, overjoyed that I broke out of the 183 I used to
set for myself and ventured into (冒险进入) the 184 . To my amazement, the 185 was one
of the best nights of my life.
171．A．occupy B．squeeze C．search D．appoint
172．A．exploring B．checking C．sweeping D．missing
173．A．graceless B．careless C．restless D．tireless
174．A．brave B．discard C．forget D．attend
175．A．well-educatedB．good-looking C．well-behaved D．tough-looking
176．A．soaked B．sank C．stopped D．jumped
177．A．misled B．misread C．estimated D．emphasized
178．A．accomplishing B．stimulating C．anticipating D．constructing
179．A．contain B．comfort C．strengthen D．tighten
180．A．option B．act C．side D．court
181．A．took away B．picked up C．touched off D．tore down
182．A．natural B．cooperative C．distinct D．similar
183．A．definition B．imagination C．circulation D．boundary
184．A．interpersonal B．unimportant C．unknown D．interactive
185．A．soulmate B．reward C．spirit D．talent
【答案】
171．B 172．A 173．C 174．A 175．D 176．D 177．B 178．C 179．A
180．B 181．A 182．C 183．D 184．C 185．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者独自在夜晚去看电影的经历。171．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，没有一个同事能挤出时间陪我。A. occupy占领；B. squeeze挤压；
C. search搜寻；D. appoint任命。根据下文“by myself”可知，没有一个同事能挤出时间陪我。故选B项。
172．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我害怕晚上一个人在街上探险。A. exploring探索；B. checking核对；C.
sweeping 打扫，清除; D. missing想念。根据下文“by myself at night alone.”可知，我害怕晚上一个人在街
上探险。故选A项。
173．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在我的酒店房间里，我感到不安和无聊。A. graceless不知礼的;B.
careless粗心的；C. restless 坐立不安的；D. tireless不知疲惫的。根据下文“bored”可知，作者坐立不安。
故选C项。
174．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我决定勇敢地面对。A. brave勇敢面对；B. discard扔掉；C. forget
忘记； D. attend参加。根据下文“I gathered my room key and set off.”可知，作者决定勇敢面对。故选A
项。
175．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：街上到处都是骑自行车的人——很多块头很大，看起来很凶。A. well-
educated受过良好教育的；B. good-looking 好看的；C. well-behaved行为端正的；D. tough-looking外表强
硬的。根据上文“lots of very big”以及“I got cold feet for anxiety”可知，有些人给人的印象是看起来很凶。
故选D项。
176．考查动词词义辨析。句意：警铃开始响起，我的心都跳到嗓子眼儿了。A. soaked 浸泡；B. sank沉
没；C. stopped停止；D. jumped跳。根据上文“Warning bells began to sound”可知，我害怕的心都跳到嗓子
眼儿了。故选D项。
177．考查动词词义辨析。句意：是我看错了活动的日期吗?。A. misled误导；B. misread误解；C.
estimated评估；D. emphasized强调。根据上文“Was I at the right theatre?”可知，这些都是我的疑问。我怀
疑自己是否看错了日期。故选B项。
178．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在那里，心跳加速，期待着这部电影，我低声祈祷，以抑制我的焦
虑。A. accomplishing完成；B. stimulating激发；C. anticipating期望；D. constructing建造。根据上文“As
I sat there, heart racing”可知，作者期待着电影。故选C项。
179．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在那里，心跳加速，期待着这部电影，我低声祈祷，以抑制我的焦
虑。A. contain控制；B. comfort安慰；C. strengthen加强；D. tighten（使）变紧。根据上文“I muttered a
prayer”可知，我低声祈祷，以抑制我的焦虑。故选A项。
180．考查名词词义辨析。句意：开场表演是一个当地的蓝调摇滚乐队，他们的表演引起了我的注意。A.
option选择；B. act行动，表演；C. side一边；D. court法庭。根据下文“their performance drew my
attention.”可知，开场表演是一个当地的蓝调摇滚乐队，故选B项。
181．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：乐队表演的热情很快带走了我所有的烦恼，我开始放松下来。A.
took away拿走；B. picked up接某人；C. touched off引爆；D. tore down拆除。根据下文“I began to relax”
可知，乐队表演的热情很快带走了我所有的烦恼。故选A项。
182．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我被一种联系所打动，这种联系把这么多原本截然不同的
人吸引到同一个地方。我。A. natural自然的；B. cooperative合作的；C. distinct不同的；D. similar相似
的。根据下文“the same spot”可知，不同的人聚到同一个地方。故选C项。
183．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直呆到最后，平安无事地到达了我的酒店，我很高兴我突破了我过去为自己设定的界限，进入了未知的世界。A. definition定义；B. imagination想象；C. circulation发行量，
销售量；D. boundary边界。根据上文“Hence, I decided to_______it. I gathered my room key and set off.”可
知，我很高兴我突破了我过去为自己设定的界限。故选D项。
184．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直呆到最后，平安无事地到达了我的酒店，我很高兴我突破了我
过去为自己设定的界限，进入了未知的世界。A. interpersonal人际关系的；B. unimportant不重要的；C.
unknown不知名的；D. interactive 交互式的。根据上文“________ the streets by myself at night alone.”可
知，我进入了未知的世界，进行了探索。故选C项。
185．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这个奖励是我一生中最美好的夜晚之一。A. soulmate 灵
魂伴侣；B. reward回报，奖励；C. spirit 精神；D. talent天赋。根据上文“overjoyed that I broke out of
the ________ I used to set for myself and ventured into(冒险进入) the ________”可知，对我来说是个奖励。
故选B项。
题型 阅读理解
A
（2024·上海奉贤·二模） In a bustling city in Arizona stood a high school where most of the students live
in poverty. Among them were four sons of Mexican immigrants, Juan, Oscar, Luis, and Alfredo. These boys,
coming from 1 backgrounds, often found themselves overlooked and underestimated. Bonded by fate
and friendship, they shared a common passion for 2 . Two science teachers there decided to enter their
high school into a complicated 3 robotics competition sponsored by the NASA and the Naval Research.
Excited for the news, these four boys signed up for the competition.
With enthusiasm and energy, they started calling mechanical engineers for design help. They were 4
that these kinds of robots require glass syntactic flotation foam, a type of floating material used in various marine
applications. 5 money, all they could afford was some PVC pipes and duct tape (强力胶布). 6 ,
they searched the city for various spare parts, gathering whatever they could to bring their vision to life. With the
teachers’ guidance and encouragement, they 7 together a robot with no more than metal and wires.
As they worked on their robot, the boys also faced personal challenges. Juan struggled with the weight of
family responsibilities; Oscar 8 a deep-seated fear of failure; Luis’s heart ached from the constant peers’
mockery (嘲笑) for his 9 accent, and Alfredo longed for acceptance and belonging. 10 these
obstacles, they persevered, leaning on each other for support and inspiration.
After a few test runs of their robot, they piled into a second-hand van to head to the competition. Upon
entering the main pool area, they noticed the college teams wearing matching outfits, with robots sponsored by big
companies. Feeling a bit nervous, the boys put the robot in the water for a test run. 11 , the PVC didn’thold up, causing the robot to leak and sink.
However, instead of letting this 12 ruin their spirits, the boys put their heads together and came up
with a brilliant solution. 12 hours later, armed with 8 super-absorbent pads to plug the leak, the robot was 13
into the pool again. This time, their robot performed admirably. Gliding gracefully through the waters, it navigated
the course with precision and speed, 14 the judges and audience alike. This underwater robot, a symbol of
their determination and 15 , conquered the waters, defeated engineering powerhouse MIT and ranked first
in the country. This was not just a win for those four but a victory for every underdog with a dream.
1．A．academic B．relevant C．humble D．professional
2．A．space B．mechanics C．research D．ocean
3．A．giant B．industrial C．underwater D．local
4．A．advised B．forced C．challenged D．consulted
5．A．Reliant on B．Available to C．Short of D．Desperate for
6．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Moreover D．However
7．A．tied B．pieced C．added D．wrapped
8．A．conquered B．created C．expressed D．battled
9．A．perfect B．strange C．slight D．elegant
10．A．With B．Given C．Despite D．Besides
11．A．Unfortunately B．Basically C．Actually D．Consequently
12．A．disagreement B．failure C．conflict D．progress
13．A．scaled B．lowered C．inserted D．fed
14．A．boring B．confusing C．wowing D．motivating
15．A．bravery B．generosity C．confidence D．perseverance
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A
12．B 13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四个来自贫困地区的学生参加水下机器人比赛并获胜的故事。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些男孩出身卑微，经常发现自己被忽视和低估。A. academic学术的；
B. relevant相关的；C. humble卑微的；D. professional专业的。根据上文“In a bustling city in Arizona stood
a high school where most of the students live in poverty.(在亚利桑那州一个繁华的城市里有一所高中，那里的
大多数学生生活贫困)”指这些男孩出身卑微。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：命运和友谊把他们联系在一起，他们对机械有着共同的热情。A. space空
间；B. mechanics机械学；C. research研究；D. ocean海洋。根据后文“robotics competition”可知，他们对
机械有着共同的热情。故选B。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里的两名科学老师决定让他们的高中参加一个由美国宇航局和海军研
究所赞助的复杂的水下机器人比赛。A. giant巨大的；B. industrial工业的；C. underwater水下的；D. local
当地的。根据后文“causing the robot to leak and sink”可知，这是一个水下机器人比赛。故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被告知这些类型的机器人需要玻璃复合漂浮泡沫，一种在各种海洋应用中使用的漂浮材料。A. advised告知，建议；B. forced迫使；C. challenged挑战；D. consulted咨询。根据
后文“these kinds of robots require glass syntactic flotation foam, a type of floating material used in various
marine applications”可知，此处指他们被告知比赛的要求。故选A。
5．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：由于缺钱，他们只能买得起一些PVC管和管道胶带。A. Reliant on依
赖……；B. Available to可获得；C. Short of缺乏；D. Desperate for渴望。根据后文“all they could afford
was some PVC pipes and duct tape”可知，由于缺钱，他们只能买得起一些PVC管和管道胶带。故选C。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们在城市里寻找各种备件，收集任何他们能把他们的愿景变为现
实的东西。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. Moreover此外；D. However然而。结合前后文语境可
知为因果关系，应用therefore。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在老师的指导和鼓励下，他们用金属和电线拼凑出了一个机器人。A. tied
系；B. pieced拼凑；C. added增加；D. wrapped包裹。根据后文“together a robot with no more than metal
and wires.”可知，此处指他们用金属和电线拼凑出了一个机器人。故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：胡安在家庭责任的重压下挣扎;奥斯卡与内心深处对失败的恐惧作斗争;路易
斯的心因为同伴们对他奇怪口音的嘲笑而疼痛，阿尔弗雷多渴望被接纳和归属感。A. conquered征服；B.
created创造；C. expressed表达；D. battled战斗。根据后文“a deep-seated fear of failure”可知，此处指奥斯
卡与内心深处对失败的恐惧作斗争。故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：胡安在家庭责任的重压下挣扎;奥斯卡与内心深处对失败的恐惧作斗争;路
易斯的心因为同伴们对他奇怪口音的嘲笑而疼痛，阿尔弗雷多渴望被接纳和归属感。A. perfect完美的；B.
strange奇怪的；C. slight稍微的；D. elegant优雅的。根据上文“Luis’s heart ached from the constant peers’
mockery for his”可知，路易斯的心因为同伴们对他奇怪口音的嘲笑而疼痛。故选B。
10．考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，他们还是坚持了下来，互相依靠，互相鼓励。A. With和；
B. Given考虑到；C. Despite尽管；D. Besides此外。根据后文“these obstacles, they persevered”可知，此处
为让步关系，应用介词despite。故选C。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，聚氯乙烯没有支撑住，导致机器人漏水并下沉。A.
Unfortunately不幸地；B. Basically基本上；C. Actually实际上；D. Consequently结果。根据后文“the PVC
didn’t hold up, causing the robot to leak and sink.”可知，不幸的是，聚氯乙烯没有支撑住，导致机器人漏水并
下沉。故选A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，男孩们并没有让这次失败毁掉他们的精神，而是集思广益，想出了
一个绝妙的解决方案。A. disagreement分歧；B. failure失败；C. conflict冲突；D. progress进步。根据上文
“the PVC didn’t hold up, causing the robot to leak and sink.”可知，机器人下沉了，即遭遇了失败。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：12小时后，配备了8块超强吸水垫来堵塞泄漏，机器人再次被放入水池
中。A. scaled攀登；B. lowered降低；C. inserted插入；D. fed喂养。根据后文“into the pool again”可知，
机器人再次被放入水池中。故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它优雅地在水中滑行，以精确和速度导航，使评委和观众都惊叹不已。A.
boring使无聊；B. confusing使困惑；C. wowing称赞；D. motivating激励。根据上文“Gliding gracefully
through the waters, it navigated the course with precision and speed”可知，此处指他们的机器人让评委和观众
惊叹。故选C。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个水下机器人，象征着他们的决心和毅力，征服了水，击败了工程强国
麻省理工学院，排名全国第一。A. bravery勇敢；B. generosity慷慨；C. confidence自信；D. perseverance毅
力。根据上文“determination and”可知，这个水下机器人，象征着他们的决心和毅力。故选D。
B
（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Alipay, the digital payment arm of Chinese financial technology company Ant
Group, is allocating more resources to roll out translation services in 16 languages, to ensure foreigners in China
can use mobile payments without any hurdles.
Alipay’s move comes amid China’s intensified efforts to further improve foreigners’ payment 16
in the country.
Alipay has allowed foreigners in China to link their 17 bank cards, including Visa and Mastercard,
to its mobile payment tool, greatly streamlining (精简) the payment processes, said Zhu Xugang, director of the
cross-border business at Ant Group.
Users of 10 overseas e-wallets are also able to use their familiar home e-wallets on their own phones by
18 Alipay QR codes, to enjoy seamless mobile payment experiences across Alipay’s vast merchant network.
According to Alipay, foreigners can use the app to complete payments at restaurants, hotels, scenic spots,
convenience stores and supermarkets, as well as for ride-hailing, shared bikes, buses and other public 19
services in China. The newly 20 multilingual app includes English, French, Spanish, German, Italian,
Portuguese, Russian and Japanese.
The mobile payment app has also 21 the single transaction (交易) limit for overseas travelers
using mobile payments from $1,000 to $5,000 and lifted the annual cumulative transaction limit from $10,000 to
$50,000.
The State Council, China’s Cabinet, published a guideline on improving payment services and 22
payment convenience in early March, a move to better meet the 23 payment needs of the elderly and
foreign visitors.
Last week, the People’s Bank of China, the country’s central bank, 24 a payment guide that
provides foreigners with text and graphic 25 on using bank cards, cash, mobile payments and e-CNY
in China, the latest step in the country’s push to optimize the payment experience for foreigners.
Wang Pengbo, a senior analyst at market consultancy Botong Analysys, said the intensified efforts to provide
convenient payment services will not only 26 improve the living and consumption experience of
foreigners in China and attract more of them to the country, but also promote the healthy and sustainable
development of the payment 27 .
Wang said the move demonstrates the country’s resolve to expand high-standard opening-up, 28
the online payment scenarios of Alipay are wide enough, with high usage frequency. So, what it should do now is to
expand the scope of foreign bank card binding and improve and simplify authentication of new users, to provide
more convenient payment services to foreigners.
Meanwhile, Chinese banks are taking measures to expand the 29 of overseas bank cards and
facilitate their use of cash in the country.
Dong said more efforts are needed to expand the scenarios of various types of payment methods at touristattractions, sporting events, transportation hubs, healthcare and beauty centers and other daily 30
sites.
16．A．expectations B．memorizations C．experiences D．durations
17．A．international B．domestic C．interior D．commercial
18．A．copying B．photographing C．sharing D．scanning
19．A．transportation B．security C．education D．maintenance
20．A．evolved B．launched C．specialized D．simplified
21．A．decreased B．restricted C．suspended D．raised
22．A．implementing B．enhancing C．administrating D．subscribing
23．A．diversified B．facilitated C．digitalized D．conflicted
24．A．purchased B．authorized C．released D．commercialized
25．A．designs B．illustrations C．instructions D．imagery
26．A．significantly B．artificially C．individually D．frequently
27．A．gateway B．industry C．deadline D．term
28．A．developing B．monitoring C．securing D．adding
29．A．recognition B．acceptance C．regulation D．policy
30．A．construction B．application C．production D．consumption
【答案】
16．C 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．B 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．C
26．A 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了支付宝的一项新措施，推出16种语言的翻译服务，以确保在华外国
人可以毫无障碍地使用移动支付。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付宝此举正值中国加大力度进一步改善外国人在华支付体验之际。A.
expectations期望；预料；B. memorizations记忆；记住；C. experiences经历，体验；阅历；D. durations持
续时间。根据上文“Alipay, the digital payment arm of Chinese financial technology company Ant Group, is
allocating more resources to roll out translation services in 16 languages, to ensure foreigners in China can use
mobile payments without any hurdles.”可知，支付宝这一举措是为了使外国人在中国的支付体验。故选C
项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蚂蚁金服集团跨境业务总监朱旭刚表示，支付宝允许在华外国人将他们
的国际银行卡(包括Visa和万事达)与支付宝的移动支付工具绑定，大大简化了支付流程。A. international国
际的；B. domestic国内的；家庭的，家用的；C. interior内政的；内部的；D. commercial商业的。根据后面
“including Visa and Mastercard”可知，本句指外国人在中国使用支付宝支付，可以把支付工具绑定他们国
际银行卡，国际通用的。故选A项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：海外电子钱包的用户也可以通过扫描支付宝二维码，在自己的手机上使用
他们熟悉的国内电子钱包，在支付宝庞大的商家网络上享受无缝的移动支付体验。A. copying复制，抄
袭；B. photographing拍照，摄影；C. sharing分享；D. scanning扫描；浏览。根据其宾语“Alipay QR
codes(支付宝二维码)”可知，支付时应该是扫描二维码。故选D项。19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据支付宝的说法，外国人可以使用该应用程序在中国的餐馆、酒店、景
点、便利店和超市完成支付，以及乘车、共享单车、公共汽车和其他公共交通服务。A. transportation交
通；B. security安全；C. education教育；D. maintenance维护，保养。根据空前的other可知，该空名词和
前面ride-hailing, shared bikes, buses同类，应该是交通服务。故选A项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这款新推出的多语种应用包括英语、法语、西班牙语、德语、意大利语、
葡萄牙语、俄语和日语。A. evolved进化；进步；B. launched发行，推出；发射；发起；C. specialized专门
研究，专攻；D. simplified简化。根据第一段“to roll out translation services in 16 languages, to ensure
foreigners in China can use mobile payments without any hurdles.”可知，这个使用16种语言的应用是该公司新
进推出的。launch与roll out意思一致，彼此呼应。故选B项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该移动支付应用程序还将海外游客使用移动支付的单笔交易限额(交易)从
1000美元提高到5000美元，并将年度累计交易限额从1万美元提高到5万美元。A. decreased降低；减
少；B. restricted限制；C. suspended暂停，中止；D. raised举起；提高；抚养；筹集。根据下文“from
$1,000 to $5,000”可知，这是把交易限额提高了。故选D项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：3月初，中国国务院发布了一份关于改善支付服务和提高支付便利性的指
导意见，此举是为了更好地满足老年人和外国游客的多样化支付需求。A. implementing执行；B. enhancing
提高；改进；C. administrating管理；D. subscribing订阅；认购。该动词的宾语是“payment convenience”，
该企业的新措施应该是为了提高便利性，enhance意为“提高”和该空前的improving意义一致。故选B
项。
23．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：3月初，中国国务院发布了一份关于改善支付服务和提高支付便
利性的指导意见，此举是为了更好地满足老年人和外国游客的多样化支付需求。A. diversified多元化的；
B. facilitated促进，推动；C. digitalized数字化；D. conflicted冲突，相矛盾。根据该词所修饰的名词
“needs of the elderly and foreign visitors.”可知，老年人及各国人士的支付需求应该是多样化的。故选A
项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，中国央行中国人民银行发布了一份支付指南，为外国人提供了在中
国使用银行卡、现金、移动支付和e-CNY的图文指导，这是中国优化外国人支付体验的最新举措。A.
purchased购买；B. authorized批准，许可；C. released释放；发行；D. commercialized使商业化。该动词的
宾语是a payment guide，这里指中国人民银行发行了一份指南，指导外国人在中国体验各种支付方式。故
选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周，中国央行中国人民银行发布了一份支付指南，为外国人提供了在中
国使用银行卡、现金、移动支付和e-CNY的图文指导，这是中国优化外国人支付体验的最新举措。A.
designs设计；B. illustrations阐述，解释；插图；C. instructions说明；D. imagery意向；比喻。本空是在a
payment guide的定语从句中，指这份指南为外国人在中国消费支付提供指导说明。故选C项。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：市场咨询公司博通易观的高级分析师王鹏波表示，加大力度提供便捷的支
付服务，不仅会显著改善外国人在中国的生活和消费体验，吸引更多外国人来中国，还会促进支付行业的
健康和可持续发展。A. significantly显著的；极大地；B. artificially人工地；人为的；C. individually个人
地；D. frequently频繁地。根据下文“improve the living and consumption experience of foreigners in China and
attract more of them to the country, but also promote the healthy and sustainable development of the payment____12____”可知，王鹏波对便捷的支付服务是很有信心的，该空需要一个程度副词，他认为会极大地提
高外国人的消费体验。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：市场咨询公司博通易观的高级分析师王鹏波表示，加大力度提供便捷的支
付服务，不仅会显著改善外国人在中国的生活和消费体验，吸引更多外国人来中国，还会促进支付行业的
健康和可持续发展。A. gateway门户，通道；B. industry工业；行业；C. deadline截止日期；D. term术语；
学期。根据第一段“Alipay, the digital payment arm of Chinese financial technology company Ant Group”可
知，支付宝公司是支付行业的一个代表，这里指提供便捷的支付服务可以促进支付行业的发展。联系我们
生活中使用的支付行业有支付宝，微信支付，云闪付等，由此可知，这是一个行业。故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：王说，此举表明了国家扩大高标准开放的决心，并补充说，支付宝的在线
支付场景足够广泛，使用频率很高。A. developing发展；研发；开发；B. monitoring监控；C. securing确
保；D. adding添加，补充说。根据上文“Wang said…”可知，空后的宾语是他又补充说的，add符合语境。
故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，中国的银行正在采取措施扩大对海外银行卡的接受，并为他们
在国内使用现金提供便利。A. recognition承认；认可；B. acceptance接受；C. regulation规则；D. policy政
策。该句主语Chinese banks，该空名词的后置定语of overseas bank cards，由此可知，应该是中国的银行对
国外银行卡的接纳。故选B项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：董说，在旅游景点、体育赛事、交通枢纽、医疗保健和美容中心以及其他
日常消费场所，需要更多的努力来扩大各种支付方式的场景。A. construction建设；B. application应用；申
请；C. production生产；D. consumption消费。根据空前的“other”及“tourist attractions, sporting events,
transportation hubs, healthcare and beauty centers”可知该空指的是和旅游景点、体育赛事、交通枢纽、医疗保
健和美容中心类似的消费场所。故选D项。
1.（2024年新高考I卷）
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started
running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a
“super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be
honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I
decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew
to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The
____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never
faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just
have to be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D
54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经
历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓
住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻
居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B.
silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动
力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的
是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文
“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。
故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making
my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微
不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑
步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D.
influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可
知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑
步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据后文
“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，
这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D.
dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after
me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；
B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，
此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B.
borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文
“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem
问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d
never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A
项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents
对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys
where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D
项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A.passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such
11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B.
convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got 12 by
about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得
骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C.
missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 15 I set for myself, they
just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我
自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just
have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。
故选C项。
2.（2024年新高考II卷）
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but
when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried
to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That
encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I
discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to
___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that
make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy.
Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to
another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can
____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might
have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match
24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test
26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties
29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34.
A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人
情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢
家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent
home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B.
struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to
Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。
A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian
together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。
A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”
以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选
D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区
域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped
me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-
minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close
the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车
窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-
hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前
提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承
诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my
door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选
C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那
样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a
foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食
欲。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A.
costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every
family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选
B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.
gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and
family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.
put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever
other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C.
represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐
时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问
题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问
题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文
“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with
friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不
愉快。故选B。
3.（2023年新高考I卷）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have
____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____
across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when
a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey
took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let
Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue
could get ____28____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious
injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint
without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just
crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends.
Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34.
C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参
赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C.
changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet
to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因
此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机
会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than
she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲
过终点线。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志
愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-
country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名
选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的
“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的
时候”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C.
stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle
Lenoue。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮
助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮
助下向前走。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又
走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让
路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后
又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断
的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，
medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受
了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later
taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查
站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”
可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选
B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担
心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just
doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感
到困惑。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；
B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可
知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为
“非常重要的事”。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理
解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300
英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.
ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed
in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子
表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B.
display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carriedher all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，
Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
4.（2023年新高考II卷）
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move
to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___21___. They could not afford to pay for ___22___ for their dog,
Tiffy, and ___23___ wanted to take her with them.
It just ___24___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___25___ to take
Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___26___ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very ___27___. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I
could tell this was ___28___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___29___ and trust that everything would
_____30_____.
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me _____31_____ Tiffy into the plane. I promised
to take care of Tiffy and _____32_____ them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was _____33_____, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____34_____ with Karen
and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so _____35_____ and sent me a nice e-mail
with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
21. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection
22. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation
23. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally
24. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed
25. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed
26. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up
27. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious
28. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky
29. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor
30. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off
31. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load
32. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve
33. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful
34. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed
35. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D
34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另
一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget
预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___2___ for their dog,
Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；B.
shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a
very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选
D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非
常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with
them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy
从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I
was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一
次PNP飞行。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy
从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根
据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼
亚。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；
C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托
皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B.
nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm,
but I could tell this was ___8___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would
___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗
留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸
运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that
everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留
给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D.
neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可
知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留
给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. work out解决；C. come back回来；D. take
off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，让
狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B.
follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George
和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B.
join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨
斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B.
unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great
passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。
A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning
another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，
Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful
感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a
nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。
5.（2022年新高考I卷）
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we
___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a
rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying
let the whole campground know it. So ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___46___ — hedidn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but storms move in
fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___49___ picked up and
thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to ______50______ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No
______51______. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there ______52______,
a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were ______53______.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of
______54______, wondering what camping fun and ______55______ we will experience next.
41．A．ideas B．jokes C．memories D．discoveries
42．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled
43．A．annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried
44．A．unhurt B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
45．A．due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for
46．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed
47．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off
48．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded
49．A．wind B．noise C．temperature D．speed
50．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix
51．A．luck B．answer C．wonder D．signal
52．A．patiently B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．helplessly
53．A．sorry B．brave C．safe D．right
54．A．relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement
55．A．failure B．adventure C．performance D．Conflict
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．B 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．A 52．D 53．
C 54．D 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和
家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas
想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping
experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可
知，作者在讲述以前一些经历，这些经历回想起来很有趣，因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆
是有趣的。故选C项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked
散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping
experiences over the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲
述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B.
surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep
him near to our spot.”可知，作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以可知作
者对此是很担心的。故选D项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤
的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope
around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可知，孩
子之所以哭是因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C项。
45．考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于；B. instead of
代替，而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was___4___, and his crying let the whole
campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，
所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发
生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知，孩子没有掉进
小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他
绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平
静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册，报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房，结账离开；D.
headed off启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可
知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平
静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文
“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为
风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D.
speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”以及下文的“thunder rolled.”可知，天气变得很
糟糕，大风刮了起来。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D.
fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”
可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选
C项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信
号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，
船依然无法启动，因此可知他们运气很差，没有好运。故选A项。、
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我
们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根
据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right
正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知，作者他们得到了渔夫的帮
助，因此作者和家人安全了。故选C项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想
知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D.
excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文
的“wondering what camping fun”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露
营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想
知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance表
现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are
filled with a sense of______, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可知，作者
与家人想知道下一次露营的乐趣是什么，因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B项。
6.(2022年新高考II卷)
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it
___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris
to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___22___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their
travel ___23___ .
They’re part of a new form of the ___24___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-
cost stays in ___25___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___26___ .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets
that are sometimes difficult to ___28___ . But house sitting also offers a level of ___29___ they can’t find in a
hotel. “It’s like ____30____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high ____31____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the
homeowner’s ____32____ . For Jessica, that means ____33____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the
house ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the
homeowner feel that they made the right ____35____ ,” she says.
21．A．indoors B．online C．single-handed D．full-time
22．A．game B．service C．vacation D．procedure
23．A．safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable
24．A．local B．private C．sharing D．agricultural
25．A．strangers’ B．parents’ C．co-workers’ D．neighbors’
26．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．absence
27．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete
28．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please29．A．support B．comfort C．control D．attention
30．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying
31．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment
32．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding
33．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing
34．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty
35．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression
【答案】
21．D 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．
C 34．A 35．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌
生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很
高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A.
indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her
husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在过去的
两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项
工作。故选D。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式
让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合上文可
知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方
式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的起的。
对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们
的旅行负担得起。故选D。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地的；B.
private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house
sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、
给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。根据
上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、
给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets
and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他
们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计
划旅行，应用plan。故选A。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他
们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are
sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support支持；B.
comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也
能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停
留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选
B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A.
success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted
as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A.
budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看
房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在
去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D.
borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，
在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；D.
empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B.
decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的
决定，故选B。
7.（2024年浙江卷1月）
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the
kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____21____ with a local that all travelers long for. A
young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My ____23____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily
took the ____24____ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____25____ a two-year professional school to quickly
find a job ____26____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____27____, however, was
the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would
____28____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____29____ as
a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ____30____ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to rely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more
than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____32____ , and admirable person prevented medoing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____33____ me just how much one can gain from ____34____
with an open mind, and a willingness to ____35____ with locals from all walks of life.
21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
23. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
24. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
27. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
28. A. publishB. quote C. сорy D. download
29. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
.
30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
32. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
.
35. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34.
A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发
现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
【21题详解】句内层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个
小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有
旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据
后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
【22题详解】句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated
对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交
谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
【23题详解】句组层次题。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓
住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据
上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
【24题详解】句中层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住
这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to
practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业
学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资
金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业
学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打
扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻
人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后
花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根
据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳
动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作
家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a
translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国
作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据
上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what
do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作
家感兴趣。故选A。
【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A.
anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，
作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空
想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions
about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没
有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。
A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。
呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之
后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿
意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；
D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人
可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿
意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching
搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所
以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；
D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语
engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
8.（2023年浙江卷1月）
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique
honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching
them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began
preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the
bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a
tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk.
49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch,
he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a
sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were
still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the
tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up.
41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness
42．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves
43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless
44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited
45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked
46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated
47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing
48．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey
49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately
50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched
51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto
52．A．high B．early C．fast D．close
53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading
54．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry
55．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order
【答案】
41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．D
51．C 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C.
celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of
grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采
蜜方式。故选D项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；
B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作
的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B.
dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____14____
and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很
危险的。故选B项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜
索；B. recognised认出；C. followed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____1____ a
unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C
项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当
火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of
damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火
把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可
知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后
Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up
the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B.
leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other
end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故
选C项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B.
Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few
minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终
于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹
入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根
据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____3____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工
作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone up
上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20
metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C
项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；
D. close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the
honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C.
sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，
此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.
curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad
escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B.
equipment设备；C. person个人；D. order点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ .
Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年
蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。
9.（2022年浙江卷6月）Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ____16____ it. “Again, Daddy, again!”
Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out
____17____ he were flying, his eyes wide with ____18____. His trust in me is ____19____ which is quite a nice
feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ____20____ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ____21____ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ____23____ relationship that it’s something that
can’t ____24____ to lose. Every time I _____25_____ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts
me and feels _____26_____ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt ._____27_____ , teaching Jacky to swim
means he has to _____28_____ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy
paddle lets him down.
_____29_____ in the workplace, trust is important for strong _____30_____ . It is something that every
manager should work hard to _____31_____ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to
_____32_____ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A _____33_____ of trust can
make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be
_____34_____ you their best. Good _____35_____, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16．A．deserve B．miss C．love D．know
17．A．as if B．in case C．even though D．so that
18．A．fear B．excitement C．doubt D．astonishment
19．A．reasonable B．limited C．absolute D．important
20．A．relief B．satisfaction C．achievement D．responsibility
21．A．older B．busier C．quieter D．healthier
22．A．on my behalf B．on my part C．in my honor D．in my name
23．A．long-distance B．high-risk C．parent-child D．teacher-student
24．A．afford B．choose C．Wait D．expect25．A．attach B．compare C．adjust D．introduce
26．A．safe B．happy C．proud D．grateful
27．A．Above all B．In addition C．At first D．For example
28．A．admit B．believe C．suggest D．imagine
29．A．However B．Therefore C．Similarly D．Fortunately
30．A．affection B．determination C．friendship D．leadership
31．A．assess B．organize C．develop D．understand
32．A．repeat B．follow C．change D．forget
33．A．gesture B．measure C．bond D．lack
34．A．telling B．giving C．selling D．sending
35．A．management B．personality C．communication D．education
【答案】
16．C17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A27．D 28．B 2
9．C 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值
得；B. miss错过；C. love爱；D. know知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空
中并被抓住。故选C项。
17．考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if
好像；B. in case以防；C. even though即使；D. so that以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语
气，好像在飞。故选A项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害
怕；B. excitement兴奋；C. doubt怀疑；D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs out
2 he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B项。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的
责任感。A. reasonable合理的；B. limited有限的；C. absolute完全的，绝对的；D. important重要的。根据
上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选
C项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责
任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。结合语境，此处指
孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D项。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出
更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. older年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D. healthier较
健康的。根据下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment ____7____”可知，随着他长大，这需要作者
付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A项。22．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付
出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. on my behalf代表我；B. on my part就我来说；C. in my honor以我的名
誉；D. in my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努力和做出
正确的判断。故选B项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A.
long-distance长途的；B. high-risk高风险的；C. parent-child父母子女的；D. teacher-student师生的。本段在
探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A.
afford支付得起；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part of
a ____8____ relationship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，
因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. compare对比；C. adjust调整； D. introduce介绍。根据下
文“to something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安
全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. proud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。
根据上文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A项。
27．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他
溺水，我能去救他。A. Above all首先重要的是；B. In addition除此之外；C. At first首先；D. For example
例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ____13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺
水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he
trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是
父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. However然而；
B. Therefore因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Fortunately幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同
样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affection感情；
B. determination 决定；C. friendship 友谊；D. leadership 领导力。根据下文“It is something that every
manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B.
organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的
团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随；C. change改变； D. forget忘记。根据上文“If people don’t trust
you”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure
测量；C. bond纽带；D. lack缺少。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可知，缺乏
信任会让人们与你作对。故选D项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；
C. selling卖；D. sending发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管
理；B. personality 个性；C. communication 交流；D. education 教育。根据上文“in the workplace”以及
“manager”客户，作者在说管理。故选A项。
10.（2023年全国甲卷）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.
The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___22___ its way down the hill
toward us. It was ___23___ called Mario, coming to ___24___ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle
of wine. It was a very nice ___25___ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ___26___
because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, ___27___ things you get in a supermarket. And the
wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ___28___, we thought. But
we were ___29___ his kindness, so we ___30___ them.
What we discovered is that it’s ___31___ to judge what you eat only by its ___32___. Those tomatoes had
___33___ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket
tomatoes ___34___ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a ___35___ memory of those. It’s a
surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___36___ them easily. Mario’s wine may have
been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was ___37___.
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___38___, and as close as possible to where they were
___39___. What Mario had ___40___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
21. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed
22. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
23. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger
24. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show
25. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture
26. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
27. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun
28. A. more B. good C. new D. easy
29. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
30. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed
31. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
32. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price
33. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
34. A. smell B. look C. become D. work
.
35 A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
36. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
37. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar
38. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need39. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34.
B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和
酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市
的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎
吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago,
I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一
次住在那里。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎
吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文
“coming to 4 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来
给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。
A. customer顾客；B. neighbor邻居；C. relative亲戚；D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug
chug-chug of a motorbike 2 its way down the hill toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had 2 0
us was the taste of the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻
居。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。
A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 5 for
him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；C. promise诺言；D.
gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to 4 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”
可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们事非常畸形的：一点
也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. worried担心的；B. moved感动的；C.
thrilled兴奋的；D. bored.感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，
所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点
也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. simple简单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪
亮的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前
文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A. more更多的；B. good好的；C. new新的；D.
easy容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 6 because they were so
misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was
cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家
认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic to同情；B.
thankful for对……表示感谢；C. cautious about谨慎对待；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was
3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可
知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；B. sold出售；C.
returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had 13 that reminded me of the ones
my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，
所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A.
unnecessary不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual特别的。结合前后文，可知，
作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西
红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A.
appearance外观；B. quality质量；C. origin源头；D. price价格。根据前文“we were 6
because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸；B. shape
形状；C. color颜色；D. taste味道。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but
taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但
是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get
in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. short
短的；D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of
water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。
A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed
to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。
A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient便利的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine
may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是
“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A
项。
【38题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是当令的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东
西是好的。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s
good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是当令的时候。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是
好的。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以
及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，
结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought
买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box
containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。
11.（2022年全国甲卷）You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___21___ was nearly enough to keep
my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___22___ . When I first dated Steve, I ___23___
he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___24___ that he was an animal lover, I ___25___ that three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___26___ , the cat.
The next week we ___27___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___28___ ,
Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___29___ ? He poured water froma bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. _____30_____ , I began to fall for him.
We _____31_____ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had
an operation on her _____32_____ . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly _____33_____
climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve _____34_____ his house. All worked _____35_____ .
The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, _____36_____ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team
_____37_____ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my _____38_____ , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He
did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I _____39_____ him to. That’s only for giving _____40_____ to the dogs that
brought us together.
21. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
22. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice
23. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned
24. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled
25. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted
26. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
27. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed
28. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination
29. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real
30. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment
31. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended
32. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg
33. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly
34. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched
35. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free
36. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered
37. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling
38. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage
39. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
40. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34.
A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作
者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫
把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱
犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有权；B. membership会员；C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs,
Tilly and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一
起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；B. expectations期望；
C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to
my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者是
在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚开
始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora
的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve
(当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只
狗和一只猫。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可
能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled刺激的。由下
文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱
犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能
会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的“three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻
击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是担
忧的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能
会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Molly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名
词。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，
此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；C. bathed沐
浴；D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛
狗。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平衡；C.
attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。 故
选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确定的；C. soon很快的；D
real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人才
认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；B. In that case那样的
话；C. By all means务必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand
and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我开始
爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好
感。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续；B. decided决
定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史
蒂夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear耳朵；D.
leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly爬楼梯
会重新打开伤口)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会重新打开伤口。A. secretly
秘密地；B. constantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out
four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不断地
爬楼梯。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sold卖；C. suggested建议；D.
searched搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友，可得出史
蒂夫离开了他的房子，和作者一起居住。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine好的；D. free自由的。由
下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂
夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者和
史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了
一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占据；D. discovered发现。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that,
with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫
Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可
知，此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了
一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。由上文的
“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，
和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A.
delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺点。由下文的“this man produced a little
box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求
婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D.
aid帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂
夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards奖励；C. food
食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 ,
I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作
者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让二
人走到了一起。故选D项。
12.（2023年全国乙卷）To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby
Douglas had to leave everything she ____21____ best. She had to ___22___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had
to say ____23____ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____24____ waves on her board. But it
was ____25____ to take the leap (飞跃), however ____26____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So
she ____27____ about 1,200 miles away from home, to ____28____ with a coach from China. She lived with a
family she had never ____29____ and everything was new to her.
,
As it turned out Douglas did ____30____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she
____31____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____32____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the
____33____, helping her skyrocket from an ____34____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By
____35____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ____36____ the
competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ____37____ all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas
had what it ____38____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____39____ that she could make theLondon Games-and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____40____.” And shine she did.
21. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
22. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
23. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
24. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
25. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
26. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning
27. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
28. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
29. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
30. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
31. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
32. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
33. A. world B. city C. team D. state
34. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
35. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
36. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
37. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
38. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
39. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
40. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34.
C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Douglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运
冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练
下，Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女
性。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一
切。A. tried尝试；B. thought思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“To become the
Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文
“1,200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的
一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack up整理；
收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“herbedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. goodbye
再见；B. hello你好；C. thanks感谢；D. no没有；否定的回答。由上“Gabby Douglas had to leave
everything”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引
起；B. observe观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表示冲
浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. common平民；普
通；B. time时间；C. fun乐趣；D. tough暴徒。由下文“to take the leap (飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉
的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。A. breathtaking激动
人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. head-spinning头晕的。
上文提到的Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选
B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. dropped out
退出；B. moved on继续。C. pulled over靠边停车；D. went off离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles away from
home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reason推理；B.
talk谈话；C. compete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人)
all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby
Douglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到；
见过；B. helped帮助；C. understood理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new to her.”可知，一切
对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需
要做的一切。A. approximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C. exactly准确地；完全；D. possibly可能地。由
下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Gabby Douglas获得了奥
运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Douglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需
要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted帮助。由上文“what she
needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black
woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队
的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced强迫；B. transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C.
persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变
成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队
的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. world世界；B. city城市；C. team团队；D. state国家。由下
文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠
军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家
队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury业余爱好的；B. elected当选的；C. average平均
的；普通的；D. enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，这位
中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying
分类；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she
became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed跟随；B. organized组织；C. watched
观看；D. led带领；领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直
领先于竞争对手，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. confident自信的；坚信的；B. nervous紧张
的；C. excited兴奋的；D. uneasy不安的。由下文“all along that she would win.”可知，Douglas一直坚信自
己会赢，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运
选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C. mattered重要；D. took需要。由下文“to be an
Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示
“需要”，故选D。【39题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A. now and then时
不时地；B. more and more越来越多；C. far and wide广泛地；D. on and on不断地。由上文“As time went
by”和下文“that she could make the London Games-and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas越来越相信自
己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C. dance跳舞；D.
score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将
会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。
