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第 17 讲 完形填空夹叙夹议文(20 空)(测)
时间 :60分钟 满分:120分(每题1.5分)
姓名__________ 得分________
A
(2021·浙江·高考真题)Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____1____on the Internet
and discovered Volunteer USA.Three months later I____2____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I
was____3____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes
of____4____, my worries had gone. Everyone was so____5____and like-minded that it was very____6____to feel
at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____7____. We had to____8____everything we
needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____9____way but in 35℃ heat and with
a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____10____a stairway out of rock. This____11____climbing up and down the side of a
mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____12____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____13____of knowing that my____14____will be
on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____15____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in
my tent. The temperature was close to____16____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the
only____17____part of my tent.
____18____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____19____. I think I
am much____20____for having taken part in the project.
1.A.calculate B.negotiate C.advertise D.research
2.A.imagined B.introduced C.enjoyed D.found
3.A.annoyed B.surprised C.scared D.excited
4.A.arriving B.sleeping C.thinking D.walking
5.A.confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious
6.A.funny B.good C.lucky D.easy
7.A.tour B.project C.campaign D.course
8.A.drop B.make C.carry D.buy
9.A.nice B.safe C.long D.quick10.A.build B.test C.clean D.guard
11.A.helped B.ended C.allowed D.meant
12.A.hunted B.trained C.seen D.fed
13.A.satisfaction B.ambition C.expectation D.intention
14.A.work B.memory C.record D.story
15.A.left B.caught C.attacked D.separated
16.A.boiling B.average C.normal D.freezing
17.A.tidy B.dry C.new D.soft
18.A.By the way B.Regardless of that C.Needless to say D.In either case
19.A.survived B.resisted C.escaped D.recovered
20.A.smarter B.stronger C.happier D.busier
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志
愿者的机会,虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水,为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难,仍然感
谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
1.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算;
B. negotiate协商;C. advertise登广告;D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some
volunteer work.”可知,作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
2.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:三个月后,我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A.
imagined想象;B. introduced介绍;C. enjoyed喜欢;D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to_1_on the
Internet…”可知,作者之前还在网上查阅,三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
3.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月,我很害怕。A.
annoyed烦恼的;B. surprised惊讶的;C. scared害怕的;D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had
gone.”可知,我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
4.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达;B.
sleeping睡觉;C. thinking思考;D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久,作者就不担心
了。故选A项。
5.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。
A. confident自信的;B. friendly友好的;C. energetic活力的;D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-
minded”可推断,作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
6.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。
A. funny搞笑的;B. good好的;C. lucky幸运的;D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel athome”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投,感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
7.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览;B.
project项目;C. campaign活动;D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知,这是
在说当志愿者的项目,原词复现。故选B项。
8.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop
掉下;B. make制作;C. carry携带;D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知,作者他们要背负着
必需品走。故选C项。
9.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:可能看起来不远,但是在35度高温下,背着沉重的物品,我
的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的;B. safe安全的;C. long长的;D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”
可知,作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
10.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造;B. test测试;C.
clean清洁;D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知,作者在狮子栖息
地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
11.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮
助;B. ended结束;C. allowed允许;D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知,台阶修好了意味
着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
12.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然我应该说他们只被听说过,从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕
猎;B. trained训练;C. seen看到;D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知,
作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
13.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上,我的满
足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意;B. ambition雄心;C. expectation期待;D. intention意图。根据上文的
“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知,我修的台阶成型了,我很满意。故选A项。
14.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上,我的满
足感是巨大的。A. work工作,作品;B. memory回忆;C. record记录;D. story故事。根据上文的“My job
was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知,修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
15.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是在最后一晚,我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开;B. caught
捉住;C. attacked袭击;D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my
tent”可知,作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
16.D【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意:温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的;B. average平均的;C.
normal正常的;D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。17.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的;
B. dry干的;C. new新的;D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知,帐篷
里进了水,作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
18.C【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下;B.
Regardless of that尽管这样;C. Needless to say 不用说;D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子
栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知,作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
19.A【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:但是我知道不论人生中面对什么,我都在这,我都活了下来。A.
survived生存;B. resisted反抗;C. escaped逃离,抓牢;D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever
I have to face in my life I was there.”可知,作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来,挺过去。故选A项。
20.B【解析】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意:我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪
明的;B. stronger更强壮的;C. happier更快乐的;D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I
have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
B
(2020·江苏·高考真题)Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success
___21___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____22____ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no
___23___ of knowing that his life was to change ____24____. The class experiment that day was to ____25____
how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____26____, the container the
teacher gave Wilson to heat ____27____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson
heated it, the container ___28___, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents ____29____ to find a way to deal
with the catastrophe that had ______30______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as
______31______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the
Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______32______ public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from ______33______ for lack of proper treatment.
For him, it was one thing to _____34_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to
continue _____35_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and
Asia can see because of the ______36______ Wilson made to preventing the ______37______.
Wilson received several international ______38______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a
_____39_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______40______ our lives-it’s what we make ofwhat happens.
21.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects
22.A.dilemmas B.accidents C.events D.steps
23.A.way B.hope C.plan D.measure
24.A.continually B.gradually C.gracefully D.completely
25.A.direct B.show C.advocate D.declare
26.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Somehow D.Thus
27.A.mistakenly B.casually C.amazingly D.clumsily
28.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed
29.A.deserved B.attempted C.cared D.agreed
30.A.submitted to B.catered for C.impressed on D.happened to
31.A.fantastic B.extraordinary C.impressive D.catastrophic
32.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent
33.A.deafness B.depression C.blindness D.speechlessness
34.A.decide B.abandon C.control D.accept
35.A.until B.when C.unless D.before
36.A.opposition B.adjustments C.commitment D.limitations
37.A.preventable B.potential C.spreadable D.influential
38.A.scholarships B.rewards C.awards D.bonuses
39.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision
40.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外,威尔逊失明了。但是,他并没有抱怨命运的不
公,而是努力地学习,接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力,获得了很多国际大奖。他的
例子告诉我们:成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
21.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。
A. depends依靠;B. holds握,持有;C. keeps保持;D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知,仅仅擅长
某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend
on:取决于。故选A。
22.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。
A. dilemmas进退两难的处境;B. accidents意外事故;C. events事,事件;D. steps脚步,步骤。结合文章
最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 40 our lives-it’s what we make of whathappens”可知,我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选
C。
23.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:1931年的一个雨天,当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室
时,他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法,方式;B. hope希望;C. plan计划;D. measure措
施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
24.D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:1931年的一个雨天,当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室
时,他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地;B. gradually逐渐地;C. gracefully优雅
地;D. completely完全地。结合下文可知,一场意外导致他失明,这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
25.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气
冒泡到表面。A. direct指导,引导;B. show展示;C. advocate提倡,倡导;D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实
验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
26.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:不知怎么的,老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发
的东西。A. Anyway无论如何,不管怎样;B. Moreover而且;C. Somehow不知怎么地;D. Thus因此。不
知怎么的,老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
27.A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:不知怎么的,老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发
的东西。A. mistakenly错误地;B. casually随意地;C. amazingly令人惊奇地;D. clumsily笨拙地。老师
“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水,结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
28.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当威尔逊把它加热时,容器爆炸了,导致威尔逊失明。A.
erupted爆发,喷出;B. exploded爆炸;C. emptied腾空,掏空;D. exposed揭露,使暴露。因为容器内装
的不是水,而是更容易挥发的物质,所以,当威尔逊把它加热时,容器“爆炸”了,导致Wilson失明。故
选B。
29.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:两个月后,当威尔逊出院回家时,他的父母试图找到一种方法
来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得,应得,应受;B. attempted试图,尝试;C. cared关心,
在乎; D. agreed同意。孩子失明了,身为父母,他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生
活中的灾难。故选B。
30.D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:两个月后,当威尔逊出院回家时,他的父母试图找到一种方法
来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交,服从……;B. catered for迎合;C. impressed on
给……留下印象;D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
31.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的;
B. extraordinary不同寻常的;C. impressive给人深刻印象的;D. catastrophic灾难性的,毁灭性的。根据上文his parents 29 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 3 0 their lives.以及结合生活常识,
失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知,威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性
的”。故选D。
32.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在那里,他不仅是一名出色的学生,而且成为了一名出色的
演说家。A. accomplished才华高的,有成就的;B. crucial至关重要的,关键性的;C. specific特定的,具
体的;D. innocent无辜的,天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文,并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教
育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知,他不仅是个好学生,而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选
项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
33.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:后来,他在非洲工作,那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失
明。A. deafness聋,听力不佳;B. depression沮丧;C. blindness瞎;D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文
中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 36 Wilson made to preventing the 37
”可知,很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知,在非洲,有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。
故选C。
34.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:对他来说,接受自己失明的命运是一回事,而在事情可以如此
容易地解决的情况下,让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定;B. abandon抛弃;C. control控
制;D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 31 . He learned braille(盲
文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student
but also became a(n) 32 public speaker”可知,威尔逊失明之后,他没有抱怨命运的不公,反而努力进取,
由此推知,他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
35.B【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意:对他来说,接受自己失明的命运是一回事,而在事情可以如
此容易地解决的情况下,让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到;B. when在……情况下,
当……时候;C. unless如果不;D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下,让他们继续
失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
36.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况,在非洲和亚洲,数千
万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对;B. adjustments调整,调节;C. commitment奉献,投入;D.
limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知,威尔逊行动起来,努力地去预防那些可以
预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”,很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
37.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况,在非洲和亚洲,数
千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的,可阻止的;B. potential潜在的,有潜力的;C.
spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的;D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知,威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
38.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖
学金;B. rewards奖励,回报;C. awards奖,奖品;D. bonuses红利,津贴。因为他的巨大贡献,威尔逊获
得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
39.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他失明了,但找到了"眼力“”。A. fortune运气,财富;B.
recipe食谱,秘诀;C. dream梦,梦想;D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知,虽然威尔逊失明了,但是他却
通过努力,帮助了很多人,为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知,他虽然看不见,但是他的“眼界”开阔,
做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
40.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活,而
是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分,辨别;B. determines决定;C. claims宣称;D. limits限
制。结合第一段中的“Success 21 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 22 in our lives”
可知,成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即:并不是发生的事情“决定”我
们的生活,而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。
C
(2020·天津·高考真题)Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently
made a significant___41___- -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even
crimes, but it can be___42___in a clever way. The___43___? Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her___44___. The lady
would get a call from a stranger every morning who ___45___made her believe that he was her friend, and then
she lent him about “f 31,000 . Jones was___46___ when she said that she didn’t actually___47___ being cheated.
“Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely ___48___ people in his community, who
are easy targets of cheating. So he___49___ to do something about it. He_____50_____ the police department to
allow him to _____51_____ a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign
on each of the benches that_____52_____:”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up, he found
people sitting there and engaging in active and_____53_____ conversations.
The idea is catching on_____54_____There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat
benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n)_____55_____ outcome
from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully _____56_____-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches
help_____57_____ the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.This effort is not just a(n) _____58_____ at being community minded- -it’s also a _____59_____ measure.
It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that_____60_____ those of all ages to interact and get to know each
other in the future.
41.A.choice B.discovery C.visit D.promise
42.A.experienced B.suffered C.prevented D.felt
43.A.solution B.puzzle C.excuse D.intention
44.A.pleasure B.prize C.credit D.money
45.A.eventually B.frequently C.previously D.occasionally
46.A.ashamed B.shocked C.excited D.amused
47.A.mind B.forgive C.risk D.enjoy
48.A.active B.lonely C.cautious D.stubborn
49.A.learned B.refused C.pretended D.decided
50.A.forced B.ordered C.convinced D.taught
51.A.put away B.make out C.tear apart D.set up
52.A.read B.claimed C.meant D.implied
53.A.formal B.joyful C.awkward D.crazy
54.A.randomly B.slowly C.quickly D.purposefully
55.A.positive B.disappointing C.correct D.embarrassing
56.A.realized B.examined C.discussed D.formed
57.A.break down B.put up C.keep off D.take out
58.A.glance B.attempt C.knock D.attack
59.A.heart-breaking B.risk-taking C.face-saving D.crime-cutting
60.A.forbids B.appoints C.encourages D.troubles
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近
有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一种聪明的方法加
以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置”聊天长椅”,帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。”聊天长椅”是一
个很棒的新项目,它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试,也是一种减少犯罪的措施。
41.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导
致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. choice选择;B. discovery发现;C. visit参观;
D. promise许诺。下文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes说孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重
大的发现。故选B。
42.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导
致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced经历;B. suffered遭受;C.
prevented阻止;D. felt 感觉。根据下文Chat benches.可知对于这一社会问题,有阻止的方法。故选C。
43.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:解决方案?长椅上聊天。A. solution解决方案;B. puzzle谜;C.
excuse借口;D. intention目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问”解决方案是什么”。故选
A。
44.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A.
pleasure快乐;B. prize奖品;C. credit信用; D. money钱。根据下文and then she lent him about £31,000可
知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。
45.A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话,他最终让她相信
他是她的朋友,然后她就借给了他大约31万英镑。A. eventually 最后;B. frequently频繁地;C. previously
先前;D. occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约31万英镑,由此可知,他最终让她
相信他是她的朋友。故选A。
46.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时,琼斯很震惊。A.
ashamed羞愧的;B. shocked震惊的;C. excited兴奋的;D. amused愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑,一个人被骗
了很多钱,她一定会很生气。然而,这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。
47.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时,琼斯很震惊。A. mind
介意;B. forgive原谅;C. risk冒险;D. enjoy享受。根据下文老妇人说的话 “Otherwise, 1would never
speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。
48.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼斯得出结论,在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人,他们
很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active积极的;B. lonely孤独的;C. cautious小心的; D. stubborn顽固的。上
文老妇人说:“否则,我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”,结合下文,琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”可知在他的社
区中,有太多极度孤独的人。故选B。
49.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以他决定做点什么。A. learned学习;B. refused拒绝;C.
pretended假装;D. decided决定。下文He…the police department to allow him to…a couple of “chat benches”
in two of their local parks.描述了琼斯采取的实际行动,由此可知,琼斯决定做点什么。故选D。
50.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个”聊天长
椅”。A. forced强迫;B. ordered命令;C. convinced说服;D. taught教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”,由此可知,他是说服了警察局。故选C。
51.D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长
椅”。A. put away放好;B. make out辨认出;C. tear apart把……弄乱;D. set up设立。根据a couple of
“chat benches” in two of their local parks.可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。故选D。
52.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,他在每张长椅上挂了一块彩色的牌子,上面写着:“聊天愉
快。” A. read写着;B. claimed宣称;C. meant意味;D. implied暗示。根据”HAPPY TO CHAT. “可知这
是牌子上写的内容。表示”牌子上写着……”应用动词read,故选A。
53.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在张贴告示几天后,他发现人们坐在那里,进行着积极愉快
的交谈。A. formal正式的;B. joyful愉快的; C. awkward尴尬的;D. crazy疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已
经完全实现了,结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容“快乐聊天”,可知人们坐在那
里,进行着积极愉快的交谈。故选B。
54.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个想法很快就流行起来了。A. randomly随便地;B. slowly缓慢
地;C. quickly很快地;D. purposefully有目的地。根据There are now over 40 chat benches throughout
England.可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。故选C。
55.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。A. positive积极
的;B. disappointing令人失望的;C. correct正确的;D. embarrassing使人尴尬的。根据Jones' idea has been
fully…-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help…the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.可
知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了,”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此,推断
出所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。故选A。
56.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。A. realized实现;B. examined检查;
C. discussed讨论;D. formed形成。下文说”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。
由此可知,琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。故选A。
57.A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。A.
break down打破; B. put up提供;C. keep off不接近;D. take out取出。上文说所有参与的人都从参与中
获得了积极的结果。由此可知,“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。故选A。
58.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试,也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A.
glance一瞥; B. attempt尝试;C. knock敲打;D. attack攻击。琼斯设置的“聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣
的尝试。故选B。
59.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试,也是一种减少犯罪的措施。
A. heart-breaking令人心碎的;B. risk-taking冒险的;C face-saving顾全面子的;D. crime-cutting减少犯罪的。根据上文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes以及那位被
骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历,可知这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试,也是一种减少犯罪的措施。故选D。
60.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:“聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目,鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相
互交流和了解。A. forbids禁止;B. appoints任命;C. encourages鼓励;D. troubles麻烦。根据The Chat
Bench is a fantastic new project 以及上文“聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果,可知“聊天长椅”,鼓励所有年
龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。故选C。
D
(2020·全国·高考真题)As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom
you feel affection, ___61___ can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, ___62___their handbag’s been
stolen. They’ll ___63___ that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then ___64___ it had
been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the ___65___ in the shop, and want the only style you don’t
have left in a ___66___ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep
___67___.
I remember the first really ___68___ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was ___69___ absolutely
everything, nothing was right and I was rather ____70____ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she
____71____ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was
living in a flat ____72____, and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on
____73____ people.
That taught me a valuable ____74____ and I pass it on to the people who ____75____ in the market. Don’t take
it ____76____. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her
child’s not ____77____.” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get ____78____. If you do, you
won’t be able to ____79____ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ____80____
everyone’s day.
61.A.shopkeepers B.customers C.salespersons D.receptionists
62.A.saying B.pretending C.guessing D.replying
63.A.agree B.promise C.imagine D.swear
64.A.forget B.decide C.discover D.assume
65.A.foods B.catalogues C.belongings D.goods
66.A.particular B.different C.matching D.natural
67.A.fighting B.smiling C.waiting D.changing
68.A.generous B.polite C.careless D.difficult69.A.curious about B.displeased with C.patient with D.uncertain about
70.A.relaxed B.delighted C.surprised D.embarrassed
71.A.searched B.argued C.prayed D.apologized
72.A.by chance B.by herself C.on purpose D.on duty
73.A.rude B.such C.other D.lonely
74.A.lesson B.trick C.skill D.trade
75.A.work B.shop C.meet D.quarrel
76.A.kindly B.secretly C.personally D.casually
77.A.ready B.away C.up D.well
78.A.out of sight B.in the way C.behind the scene D.above the law
79.A.stress B.expect C.handle D.blame
80.A.ruins B.makes C.starts D.saves
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人,遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客,而有一个难缠
的顾客,一开始对每件事都不满意,结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者,是因为自己和丈夫分居了,
于是把气撒到其他人身上,这让作者学到了宝贵的一课,那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾,不然
当事情发展成不愉快的场面时,结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
61.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样,顾客也会让你抓狂。A.
shopkeepers店主;B. customers顾客;C. salespersons售货员; D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care
deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人,因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
62.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会冲进来,说手提包被偷了。A. saying说;B. pretending假
装;C. guessing猜测;D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用
say。故选A。
63.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发
现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意;B. promise承诺;C. imagine想象;D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者
的店里,信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
64.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发
现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记;B. decide决定;C. discover发现;D. assume假设。结合后文it had
been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室,结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故
选C。
65.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们会试用商店里一半的商品,只想要一种你没有那种特别颜
色的存货。A. foods食物;B. catalogues目录;C. belongings所有物;D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
66.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们会试用商店里一半的商品,只想要一种你没有那种特别
颜色的存货。A. particular特别的;B. different不同的;C. matching相配的;D. natural自然的。结合上文
the only style you don't have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品,结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色
(particular)没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
67.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道店员会有多沮丧,但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A.
fighting打架;B. smiling微笑;C. waiting等待;D. changing改变。结合上文可知,一些顾客有一些很无厘
头的要求和行为,面对这种情况,虽然店员会很沮丧,“但是”一词边是转折,与“沮丧”一词情感色彩
相反,结合选项,B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
68.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A.
generous慷慨的;B. polite礼貌的;C. careless粗心的;D. difficult难缠的,困难的。结合后文nothing was
right可知这位顾客对一切都不满,很难缠。故选D。
69.B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的是,
她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇;B. displeased with对……不满意;C. patient with对……有耐
心;D. uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选
B。
70.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的
是,她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的;B. delighted高兴的;C. surprised惊讶的;D. embarrassed尴
尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意,但是居然成了“常客”,这让作者感到很惊讶才对。
故选C。
71.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:不久,她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索;B.
argued争论;C. prayed祈祷;D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠,对一切都不满,结果后来成了常客,
她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
72.B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为她
觉得实在难以应付,就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然;B. by herself她独自地;C. on purpose故意
地;D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾
客和丈夫分居了,因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
73.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为
她觉得实在难以应付,就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的;B. such这样的;C. other其他的;D. lonely
寂寞的。结合上文since she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力,于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
74.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。
A. lesson课程,教训;B. trick诡计;C. skill技能;D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟,可知这件事让作
者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
75.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。
A. work工作;B. shop购物;C. meet会面;D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作
的人。故选A。
76.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:别太在意。A. kindly亲切地;B. secretly秘密地;C. personally
亲自地;D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你,要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说
的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意,把这些放在心上”。故选C。
77.D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地;B. away离开;C. up向
上;D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事
情发生的情况。故选D。
78.B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:一定要淡化它,不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见;
B. in the way妨碍,挡道;C. behind the scene幕后;D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要
太在意这些顾客,要淡化这种不好的情绪,不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
79.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉
快的场面,毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调;B. expect期待;C. handle处理;D. blame责备。结合本段
内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
80.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉
快的场面,毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭;B. makes制作;C. starts开始;D. saves拯救。结合上文the
whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面,那么最终只会毁了
每一个人的一天。故选A。