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热点 09 完形填空记叙文
全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议
论文为辅。从选材到试题的设置都呈现出＂稳中有变＂的特点。
1.细读文章首句，推测全文内容
完形填空通常首句是一个完整的句子，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，是理解全文大意的一扇
窗户，所以理解首句信息显得很重要。一般情况下，高考完形填空首句不设空。少数情况下，即使设空，
也是在句子末尾，不影响考生对句意的把握。
2.通读全文，理清各个角色
一般来说，记叙文有两个或两个以上的角色，作者对这些角色的态度是不一样的，即便是对做同样一
件事的人，作文突出了叙述上的灵者也不一定采用同样的态度来描述。只有把握好每个人物生词量的增大，
及复：的特点和内心世界，才能更好地定位文章的中心思想，更准然很严重。
3.理顺事件线索，找准发展方向
记叙文一般按事件发展的顺序来叙述（有时用倒叙）,正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有
着重要的意义。因此，在选择答案时要事先理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情。
4.描摩作者意图，弄清蕴含哲理
记叙文一般通过一件平常事来说明一个人生哲理，或作者的感悟，因此把握好其中的道理，对理解细
节有更为准确的作用。注意不要把自己的观点放到文章中去，一切都以作者或主人公的态度和观点为线索
展开。
5.把握时间线索，做出正确判断
有些记叙文叙述一件事，故事情节随着时间而不断推进。我们可以抓住里面的时间线索，利用情节的
变化来巧妙地做出判断。
记人和记事真题链接
2022年全国甲卷
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enough to keep
my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___. When I first dated Steve, I ___43___
he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lover, I ___45___ that three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___46___, the cat.
The next week we ___47___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___48___,
Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___49___? He poured water from a
bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______50______, I began to fall for him.
We ______51______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had
an operation on her ______52______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly
______53______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______54______ his house. All worked
______55______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______56______ Flora’s space; Steve and I
formed a good team ______57______ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my ______58______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He
did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______59______ him to. That’s only for giving ______60______ to the dogs
that brought us together.
41. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
42. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice
43. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned
44. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled
45. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted
46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
47. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed
48. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination
49. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real
50. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment
51. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended
52. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg
53. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly
54. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched
55. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free56. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered
57. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling
58. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage
59. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
60. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water
【答案】
41. C 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B
46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D
51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. C
56. B 57. B 58. A 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作
者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫
把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，
一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有权；B. membership会员；
C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly
and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可
得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；B. expectations期望；
C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to
my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者是
在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚开
始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora
的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve
(当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只
狗和一只猫。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可
能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled非常开心的。
由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两
只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选D项。
【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能
会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的“three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会
攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是
担忧的。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能
会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Molly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。
由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，此
处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；C. bathed沐浴；
D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”以及下文“When we paused”可知，作
者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平衡；C.
attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。
当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。
故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确定的；C. soon很快的；D
real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人才
认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；B. In that case那样的
话；C. By all means务必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand
and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我开始
爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感。
故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续；B. decided决定；
C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史蒂夫
产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear耳朵；D.
leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly爬楼梯
会使伤口重新裂开)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D项。【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开。A.
secretly秘密地；B. constantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the
dogs out four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）
要不断地爬楼梯。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sold卖；C. suggested建议，推荐；
D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友。可以
推断出来，因为害怕作者的狗爬楼梯不方便，所以建议作者搬过去一起住。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine好的；D. free自由的。由
下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂
夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者和
史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重 Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了
一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占据；D. discovered发现。由上
文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that,
with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫
Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可知，
此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重 Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了
一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。由上文的
“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，
和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A.
delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺点。由下文的“this man produced a little
box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，
作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D.
aid帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂
夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C项。
【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards奖励；C. food
食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I
began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作
者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让二
人走到了一起。故选D项。
2022年1月浙江卷
When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her ___16___ ,
notably dryness and discomfort.
"I was simply ___17___ a terrible experience, " Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so helpless
and insecure because the quality of my ___18___ was affected. "
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had ___19___ problems and discovered that they were largely
suffering in ___20___. " Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so ___21___ she said. " But more and
more are suffering and lives are being ___22___.
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, ___23___ at Tel Aviv University in Israel.
The research team ___24___ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done____25____ work on eye care using
stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising ____26____ for the project with a friend, Toronto
businessman Meyer Zeifman. ____27____ she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 ____28____ .
"I'm trying to get more and more people to ____29____ that there are solutions（解决办法）said Ms.
Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after ____30____ . "I say there is no old
____31____ , there's only neglect （忽视）. Don't stand ____32____ , do something about it. "
Ms. Burdeyney ____33____ that she is hoping to do more for the research project. "I just want to bring
____34____ into people eyes and this is just the ____35____. There is still a long way to go"
16. A. throat B. skin C. lungs D. eyes
17. A. getting over B. going through C. holding on D. passing down
18. A. story B. treatment C. life D. relationship
19. A. similar B. various C. personal D. special
20. A. turn B. peace C. vain D. silence
21. A. unbearable B. abnormal C. insignificant D. disturbing
22. A. compromised B. forgotten C. substituted D. separated
23. A. course B. program C. paper D. conference
24. A. informed B. doubted C. included D. dismissed
25. A. part-time B. controversial C. voluntary D. ground-breaking
26. A. money B. standards C. awareness D. questions
27. A. As ever B. So far C. In return D. Once again
28. A. wasted B. donated C. expected D. earned
29. A. imagine B. confirm C. remember D. understand
30. A. retirement B. childbirth C. graduation D. marriage
31. A. time B. rule C. age D. tale32. A. straight B. still C. firm D. alone
33. A. commented B. learned C. reminded D. added
34. A. light B. joy C. color D. beauty
35. A. future B. beginning C. truth D. meaning
【答案】
16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D
26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A
31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个遭受眼睛问题之苦的Burdeyney女士积极为研究项目提供帮助以寻
求解决方法的故事。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始有眼睛问题，明显 的干涩和不适。A. throat喉咙；B. skin皮肤；C. lungs
肺；D. eyes 眼睛。根据第八空前面的句子“Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye
research”（最终Burdeyney女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划）可知，她有眼睛问题，故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我只是在经历一段糟糕的体验。A. get over克服；B. go through经历；C.
hold on坚持；D. pass down传递下去。根据语境可知，她遭受眼睛问题，这是一段糟糕的经历，故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到如此无助和不安，因为我的生活质量受到了影响。A. story故事；B.
treatment治疗，对待；C. life生命，生活；D. relationship关系。主人公遭受眼部之苦，生活质量自然会被
影响，故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默
默地受苦。A. similar相似的；B. various多种多样的；C. personal私人的；D. special特别的。跟与自己有
相同问题的人交谈并发现问题，符合语境逻辑，故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在
默默地受苦。A. in turn 轮流；B. in peace 和平地；C. in vain 徒劳地；D. in silence 默默地。根据后句
“Nobody chooses to talk about it”（没有人想谈论它）可知，他们很多人保持了沉默，故选D项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说没有人选择谈论它因为这看起来没有意义。A. unbearable无法忍受的；
B. abnormal不正常的；C. insignificant无意义的；D. disturbing扰人的。他们闭口不提的原因很可能是因为
无意义，其他三个选项不符合一般逻辑，故选C项。
【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是越来越多的人在受苦，生命陷入危险。A. compromise使陷入危险、妥协；
B. forget遗忘；C. substitute替代、代替；D. separate分隔。越来越多的人在遭受眼睛问题带来的痛苦，这
属于健康问题，威胁生命，故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终Burdeyney女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划，这是在以色列特拉维夫大学的
一个项目。A. course课程；B. program项目；C. paper纸、论文；D. conference会议。一项研究通常也被称
为一个项目，故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士 Allan Slomovic，其已经用干细胞就眼睛
护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. inform通知；B. doubt怀疑；C. include包括；D. dismiss解散。根据语境
可知，这位专家在这个团队中，故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士 Allan Slomovic，其已经用干细胞就眼
睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. part-time兼职的；B. controversial有争议的；C. voluntary自愿的；D.
ground-breaking开创性的。根据后句“Seeing a ray od hope”（看到了一丝希望）可知，他是带来希望的人，
是最先做的，他的工作具有开创性，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到了一丝希望，Burdeyney女士开始和朋友多伦多商人Meryer一起 为这个项
目筹集资金。A. money钱；B. standards标准；C. awareness意识；D. questions问题。根据后文他们筹集了
111000美金可知此处指“筹集资金”，故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：截至目前，他们已经筹集了111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. as ever依
旧、和往常一样；B. so far目前；C. in return作为回报；D. once again再一次。根据本句的现在完成时态，
应选择so far，他们已经筹集了111000美金，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：截至目前，他们已经筹集了111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. waste浪
费；B. donate捐赠；C. expect期待、预期；D. earn赢得。根据语境目前已经筹集了一笔钱，预期未来还有
部分金额，故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney说，“我正在努力让越来越多的人明白有解决办法”。A. imagine想
象；B. confirm确认；C. remember记得；D. understand理解。结合前文很多人默默地受苦是因为看不到希
望，所以要让他们理解办法是有的，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位受过专业培训的护士在退休之后仍然作为私人培训师在工作。A. retirement
退休；B. childbirth出生；C. graduation毕业；D. marriage婚姻。根据still work可知，她本可以不工作了可
知，她已经退休了，故选A项。【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为没有老的年纪，只有忽视。A. time时间；B. rule规则；C. age年龄；D.
tale传说。本文主要谈论的是上了年龄的人的眼睛问题，故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要呆着保持不动，做点什么事情。A. straight直的；B. still静止的；C. firm
坚定的；D. alone单独。此处的stand意为“处于某种状态”后跟形容词作表语，呼吁人们采取行动，不要
什么都不做，故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney补充说她希望为这个项目做得更多。A. comment评论；B. learn学习；
C. remind提醒；D. add补充说。前句为她说的话，后面又继续说，即为补充说，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明，这只是一个开始。A. light光明；B. joy乐趣；
C. color颜色；D. beauty美。根据常识，眼睛是人们识别光的器官，此处一语双关，只看到的光，也指希
望，故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明，这只是一个开始。A. future 未来；B.
beginning开始；C. truth事实；D. meaning意义。根据后句“There is still a long way to go”（根据后句话有
很长的路要走。）可知，只是开始，故选B项。
2021年全国甲卷
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont
Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___21___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___22___ some friends in the area. They had
asked him to ___23___ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he ___24___ a suitcase full of pepperoni.
As he was ___25___ that it would be too warm, he ___26___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought
his pepperoni was ___27___ and well chilled (冷却) and he ___28___ .
That's when things went ____29____ “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the
door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star
hotel. "The seagulls immediately went _____32_____ . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to
_____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were
falling down, It was a real _____34_____ .
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility of my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to
you, _____37_____ , to apologize for the-damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____
my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____ . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the
Fairmont said.
21. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing22. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
23. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
24. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
25. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
26. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
27. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
28. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
29. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
30. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
31. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
32. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
33. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
34. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
35. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
36. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
37. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
38. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
39. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
【答案】
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D
26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C
31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了 Burchill住酒店时，给朋友携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，海鸥
在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。酒店把Burchill列入了黑名单，
Burchill被终身禁止入住该酒店。Burchill诚恳地写了道歉信，请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店
的决定。最终，他的信起作用了。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burchill出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A.
studying研究；B. staying停留；C. looking看；D. packing包装。根据“Burchill was 21 at the hotel on
business and planning to 22 some friends in the area.”及生活常识可知，Burchill出差住在酒店，准备去
拜访当地的一些朋友，自然是在酒店收拾行李。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burchill出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A. visit
拜访；B. help帮助；C. follow跟随；D. make制作。根据“They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni(辣香肠) from back east. So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，朋友让他带一些东西，由此推知
Burchill准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来。A. sell卖；B. have有；C. bring带
来； D. taste品尝。根据“So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，Burchill的朋友让他从美国东部
带些意大利香肠过来。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠。A. filled 装满；B. locked 锁上；C.
abandoned抛弃；D. lost丢失。根据“a suitcase full of pepperoni”和“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40
birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，他装了满满一箱子意大利香
肠。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. surprised感
到惊讶的；B. pleased高兴的；C. excited兴奋的；D. worried担心的。根据“he 26 it out on the table
near an open window.”可知，他担心意大利香肠会太热，所以把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。故选
D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. dug挖； B.
cleared清除；C. cut切下；D. laid放。根据“it out on the table near an open window”可知，他把它放在桌子
上。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. delicious美味的；
B. safe安全的；C. soft柔软的；D. ready准备好。根据““I remember walking down the long 30 and
opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-
star hotel.”可知，Burchill离开了，由此推知，他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. left离开；B.
nodded点头；C. waited等待；D. regretted后悔。根据““I remember walking down the long 30 and
opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-
star hotel.”可知，Burchill离开了。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事情就在这时出了问题。A. far远的；B. funny有趣的；C. wrong失常的；D.
blind盲目的。根据“The seagulls immediately went 32 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all
trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were
falling down, It was a real 34 .”可知，事情就在这时出了问题。故选C。
【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Burchill在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的
大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. beach海滩；B. driveway私人车道；C. hall大厅；D. table桌子。
根据“and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls”可知，Burchill走过长长的大厅。故
选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Burchill在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的
大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. application 申请；B. apology 道歉；C. request 要求；D.
invitation邀请。根据““I have 35 and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,” he said in the letter. “I
come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime
ban from the hotel.”
”可知，Burchill给酒店写了一封道歉信。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海鸥立刻变得疯狂起来。A. hungry饥饿的；B. dead死亡的；C. missing失踪
的； D. wild疯狂的。根据“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time,
and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，海鸥被突然回到房间的Burchill吓到了，变得疯狂起来。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们冲到窗口，30或40只鸟都想同时出去，到处都是意大利香肠。A. wake up
醒来；B. get out出去；C. take off起飞；D. break in闯入。根据“They rushed to the window”及生活常识可
知，鸟看到人类很害怕，想同时从窗户逃出去。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：窗帘在落下，灯也在落下，真是一团糟。A. mess混乱； B. puzzle不解之谜；
C. fight打架；D. challenge挑战。根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，现
场一片混乱。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. recovered恢复；B.
retired退休；C. escaped逃跑；D. matured成熟。根据“and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,”可知，这
里意思是Burchill认为自己成熟了。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. suffering苦难；B.
plans计划；C. madness疯狂；D. actions行为。根据“I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I
had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”可知，Burchill承认对自己的行
为负责。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. hands in pocket手放在口袋里； B. nose in the air目中无人；C. hat in hand毕恭毕
敬地；D. feet on the ground脚踏实地。根据“to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask youto 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”及生活常识可知，向别人道歉，应该表明自己是毕恭毕敬地。故
选C。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. indirectly间接；B. deliberately故意地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. secretly秘密地。
根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，作者携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，
海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. replace取代；B. remember记得；C. reconsider重新考虑；D. renew更新。根据
“my lifetime ban from the hotel.”和“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back,
the Fairmont said.”可知，Burchill请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的信起作用了。A. arrived 到达；B. worked 起作用；C. ended 结束；D.
disappeared消失。根据“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont
said.”可知，他的信起作用了。故选B。
【2022年全国乙卷】
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly
exciting about ___41___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___42___ at hiding. They often cover only
their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___43___.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___44___ as evidence that children are hopelessly
“egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___45___ research results in child developmental psychology
___46___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___47___ sat down
with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___48___. We then asked the child if she could ___49___ or hear the
adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ____50____ happened when the adult covered
her own mouth: ____51____ children said that they couldn’t ____52____ to her.
A number of ____53____ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results
were clear: Our young subjects ____54____ the questions and knew ____55____ what was asked of them. Their
____56____ to the questions reflected their true ____57____ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.”
They simply ____58____ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ____59____ suggest when a child “hides”
by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method
____60____ when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【答案】
41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C
46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B
51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D
56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主
义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴
奋的事情。A. following 跟随；B. taking 取走；C. escaping 避开；D. directing 指导。根据上文“Young
children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。
故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不
擅长的；C. scared 害怕的；D. quick 快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands,
leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的；B.
examined已检查过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only
their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分
无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A项。【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物
的证据。A. supported 支持；B. guaranteed 保证；C. imagined 想象；D. interpreted 解释。根据下文“as
evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证
据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A.
disappointing 令人失望的；B. mixed 混合的；C. surprising 令人惊讶的；D. desired 渴望的。根据下文
“research results in child developmental psychology _6_ that idea.”以及“Our 1 9 suggest when a
child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点
相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A.
explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest
when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider
this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent
父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-
4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一
起。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚；
B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听
到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；
C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，
所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. event大事；B. thing事情；C. action行动；D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they
couldn’t _12_ to her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选
B项。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. speak 说；B. listen 听；C. turn 转；D. wave 挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own
mouth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令；B.
descriptions说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除
了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到
了什么。A. comprehended 理解；B. predicted 预测；C. explored 探索；D. ignored 忽略。根据下文“the
questions and knew _15_ what was asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。
故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到
了什么。A. partly部分地；B. honestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。根据下文“what was
asked of them. Their 16 to the questions reflected their true _17_ ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了什
么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能
看到你。”A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。根据下文
“to the questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能
看到你。”A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。根据下文“I can see you only
if you can see me, too.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B项。
【58题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist
on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了
他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中
心主义的结果。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings调查发现。根
据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实验
的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D项。
【60题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实
验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply
18 mutual recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，
孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。
【2021年全国乙卷】
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while
working as a 1 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had
a range of words that express different 2 of gratitude（感谢）.
My thoughts were soon 3 . We had a woman patient who was 4 from a knee replacement
operation. One afternoon, while 5 to get into bed she collapsed （ 倒 下 ） from what
was 6 discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 7 the emergency medical
team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 8 , and was ready for discharge （出院）
after four weeks.
She was 9 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of
discharge, we shared in her 10 at her recovery. As she was 11 she was eager to
say 12 to each of us in the nursing team. When she 13 one nurse, she tried to press a five-
pound note into her hand. My colleague 14 to accept it, saying that we were all just 15 our job.
The patient looked puzzled, and then 16 : "Oh this isn't for the 17 I had. I take that as
a 18 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday."
And there you have it. To many people, 19 lives is part of the job but styling hair is
an 20 and should be rewarded.
1. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
2. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
3. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
4. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
5. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
6. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
7. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
8. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
9. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
10. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
11. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
12. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
13. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
14. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused15. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
16. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
17. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
18. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
19. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
20. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【文章大意】本文是夹叙夹议的文章，文章讲述了作者是一名刚工作的护士，开始以为表达感谢很简单，
但一位病人病愈后的举动却让作者对表达感谢又有了更深一层的理解。
【解析】
1 ：C
考查名词辨析。句意：就在几周前当护士的时候，我在考虑这个问题。根据后文to each of us in the nursing
team可知，作者是一名护士。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。故选
C。
2 ：A
考查名词辨析。句意：然后我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词语，那该有多好。分析
题目可知，作者是要表达感激的不同程度。A. grades等级，制度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需要；D.
expectations预期，期待。故选A。
3 ：B
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就得到了验证。分析题目可知，下文是作者的理论得到验证的过
程。故选B。
4 ：D
考查动词辨析。句意：我们有一个女病人正从膝关节置换手术中恢复。根据下文But she recovered可知，
病人正在恢复。A. depart出发；B. escape逃脱；C. retire退休；D. recover恢复。故选D。
5 ：A
考查动词辨析。句意：一天下午，她试图上床睡觉时倒下了，最后被证实是心脏病发作。分析题目可知，
病人当时正试图上床睡觉。A. attempt尝试；B. choose选择；C. pause停顿；D. promise许诺。故选A。
6 ：A
考查副词辨析。句意：一天下午，她试图上床睡觉时倒下了，最后被证实是心脏病发作。分析题目可知，
心脏病发作是后来确诊的。A. eventually最终地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘
密地。故选A。
7 ：B
考查动词辨析。句意：这次倒下是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。分析题目可知，病人当
时需要医疗护理。A. assess评估，评定；B. require需要；C. form形成；D. prove证实。故选B。
8 ：C
考查副词辨析。句意：虽然恢复缓慢，但四周后她就可以出院了。分析题目可知，病人恢复比较慢。A.
slightly稍微；B. accidentally意外地；C. slowly慢地；D. happily高兴地。故选C。
9 ：A考查形容词辨析。句意：她很感激医疗和护理团队为她所做的一切。分析题目可知，病人当时应该是一种
感恩的心情。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful深思的；C. sorrowful悲伤的；D. fearful害怕的。故选A。
10 ：B
考查名词辨析。句意：在她出院的那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。分析题目可知，病人康复出院是一件
喜悦的事情。A. surprise惊讶；B. delight高兴；C. curiosity好奇；D. disappointment失望。故选B。
11 ：D
考查动词辨析。句意：当她要离开的时候，她急切地想和我们护理小组的每个人说再见。分析题目可知，
病人要出院离开了。A. operate运转，操作；B. think思考；C. hesitate犹豫；D. leave离开。故选D。
12 ：C
考查名词辨析。句意：当她要离开的时候，她急切地想和我们护理小组的每个人说再见。分析题目可知，
病人要跟护理小组告别。A. sorry对不起；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes是的。故选C。
13 ：A
考查动词辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士跟前时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她手里。分析题目可知，
病人是走到护士跟前。A. reach到达；B. consult咨询；C. introduc介绍；D. persuade说服，劝说。故选A。
14 ：D
考查动词辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是在做自己的工作。分析题目可知，我的同事应该是
拒绝接受病人的钱。A. wish祝愿；B. pretend假装；C. fail失败；D. refuse拒绝。故选D。
15 ：B
考查动词辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是在做自己的工作。分析题目可知，此处是指护士们
只是做了自己的本职工作。A. enjoy喜爱；B. do做；C. secure获得；D. start开始。故选B。
16 ：C
考查动词辨析。句意：病人看起来很困惑，然后回答说。分析题目可知，病人是在回应护士的拒绝。A.
repeat重复；B. recite背诵；C. reply回答；D. report报道。故选C。
17 ：D
考查名词辨析。句意：这不是为了我受到的照顾。分析题目可知，护士们之前应该是照顾该病人。A.
courage信心；B. patience耐心；C. duty责任心；D. care关心。故选D。
18 ：B
考查名词辨析。句意：我认为这是理所当然的。分析题目可知，病人认为护士们照顾她是理所当然的。A.
goal目标；B. give给予；C. push推；D. greet问候。故选B。
19 ：C
考查动词辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是一项额外的工作，应该得到
奖励。分析题目可知，这里是指拯救病人的生命。A. risk冒……的风险；B. change改变；C. save拯救；D.
build建设。故选C。
20 ：D
考查名词辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是一项额外的工作，应该得到
奖励。分析题目可知，这里是指做发型不属于护士的本职工作，是额外的。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；
C. opening开始，开端；D. extra额外的。故选D。【2021.1浙江】
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work, I began to 1 on the Internet and
discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I 2 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona, I
was 3 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes
of 4 my worries had gone. Everyone was so 5 and like-minded that it was very 6 to feel at
home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 7 . We had to 8 everything we
needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 9 way but in 35℃ hear and with a
heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 10 a stairway out of rock. This 11 climbing up and down the side of a mountain
inhabited（栖息）by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 12 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 13 of knowing that my 14 will be on
that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 15 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in
my tent. The temperature was close to 16 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the
only 17 part of my tent.
18 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 19 . I think I
am much 20 for having taken part in the project.
1.A.calculate B.negotiate C.advertise D.researeh
2.A.imagined B.introduced C.enjoyed D.found
3.A.annoyed B.surprised C.scared D.excited
4.A.arriving B.sleeping C.thinking D.walking
5.A.confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious
6.A.funny B.good C.lucky D.easy
7.A.tour B.project C.campaign D.course
8.A.drop B.make C.carry D.buy
9.A.nice B.safe C.long D.quick
10.A.build B.test C.clean D.guard
11.A.Helped B.ended C.allowed D.meant
12.A.hunted B.trained C.seen D.fed
13.A.satisfaction B.ambition C.expectation D.intention
14.A.work B.memory C.record D.story
15.A.left B.caught C.attacked D.separated
16.A.boiling B.average C.normal D.freezing
17.A.tidy B.dry C.new D.soft
18.A.By the way B.Regardless of that C.Needless to say D.In either case
19.A.survived B.resisted C.Escaped D.recovered
20.A.smarter B.stronger C.happier D.busier【文章大意】本文是一篇本文是夹叙夹议的文章，。文章主要讲解了作者经历了一次志愿活动，但是这次
活动并不是一帆风顺，作者最终克服困难，对自己的经历报以感慨。
【解析】1 ：D
考查动词辨析。句意：我开始在网上搜索信息，发现了 Volunteer USA。A. calculate计算； B. negotiate协
商；C. advertise打广告；D. research 搜索。根据上文提到作者想做一些志愿活动，下文应当去主动查找相
关信息。故选D。
2 ：D
考查动词辨析。句意：三个月后，我正身处于去凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagine想象；B. introduce介绍；C.
enjoy享受；D. find发现。此处运用了find oneself+介词短语表示某人所处的状态，来表示作者在去往凤凰
城的路上。故选D。
3 ：C
考查形容词辨析。句意：我想到要在有大量陌生人所在的地方待三个月是有些害怕的。A. annoyed生气的；
B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。此处作者因为去到一个陌生的地方，要见到很多
的陌生人，所以会感到害怕。故选C。
4 ：A
考查动词辨析。句意：到达后不到15分钟，我的忧虑就烟消云散了。A. arrive到达；B. sleep睡觉；C.
think思考；D. walk走路。根据上文可知作者还在路上，此处表示作者以及到达了凤凰城，在与人接触后
有了改观。故选A。
5 ：B
考查形容词辨析。句意：每个人都很友好，志同道合，很容易让人有宾至如归的感觉。A. confident自信的；
B. friendly友好的；C. energetic充满活力的；D. curious好奇的。空后like-minded可知此处为正向词汇，根
据作者的感受和上文 "害怕" 形成对比，说明大家都很友好。故选B。
6 ： D
考查形容词辨析。句意：每个人都很友好，志同道合，很容易让人有宾至如归的感觉。A. funny滑稽的；
B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。此处因为作者说大家十分友好、志趣相投，所以很容易就
会给人宾至如归的感觉。故选D。
7 ：B
考查名词辨析。句意：我被派往 Coronado National Forest 去完成第一次八天的项目。A. tour观光；B.
project项目；C. campaign战役；D. course课程。此处根据作者对下文描述，可知要去完成一个搭建阶梯的
项目。并且根据文章最后一段最后一句，可见 "project" 同词复现。故选B。
8 ：C
考查动词辨析。句意：我们必须带着我们需要的一切，步行三英里到我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B.
make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。此处作者因为要徒步进入到工作地点，所以要带好所需的必需品。
故选C。
9 ：C考查形容词辨析。句意：这条路看起来似乎并不长，但顶着35度的高温，背着厚厚的装备，我的双腿好像
着火一样。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。此处作者说道此条路并不长，但是
由于温度很高，进而形成对比，表示还是比较艰苦。故选C。
10 ：A
考查动词辨析。句意：我的工作是在岩石上建造楼梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean打扫；D. guard
守卫。根据第四段首句a beautiful stairway came into being可知之前是没有阶梯的，故作者的任务就是搭建
阶梯。故选A。
11 ：D
考查动词辨析。句意：这意味着要在山上美洲狮的栖息地旁爬上爬下，尽管我应该说它们只是能听见，而
不是看见。A. help帮助；B. end 结束；C. allow 允许；D. mean 意味着。根据上文作者的工作是在岩石上
建造楼梯，所以下文应对该项工作进行解释。故选D。
12 ：C
考查动词辨析。句意：这意味着要在山上美洲狮的栖息地旁爬上爬下，尽管我应该说它们只是能听见，而
不是看见。A. hunt 打猎；B. train 训练；C. see 看见；D. fed 喂养。although表示转折，应选择与hear意
义对应的选项。故选C。
13 ：A
考查名词辨析。句意：这种知晓我的工作会留在山腰上数年的满足感是巨大的。 A. satisfaction 满足感；
B. ambition 野心；C. expectation 期望；D. intention 意图。根据上文一个美丽的楼梯诞生了，所以作者会
感觉到有一种成就感油然而生。故选A。
14 ：A
考查名词辨析。句意：这种知晓我的工作会留在山腰上数年的满足感是巨大的。A. work 工作；B. memory
记忆；C. record 记录；D. story 故事。根据上文可以得知，作者一直在做着建造楼梯的志愿工作。故选
A。
15 ：B
考查动词辨析。句意：但是在昨晚我们赶上了雷暴。A. leave 离开；B. catch 赶上；C. attack 攻击；D.
separate 分开。根据句意可以判断作者遭遇了雷暴。故选B。
16 ：D
考查形容词辨析。句意：温度已经接近冰点。A. boiling沸腾的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D.
freezing冰点的。根据上文得知作者遭遇了雷暴，且下文提到作者在发抖中度过剩余的夜晚。故选D。
17 ：B
考查形容词辨析。句意：我不得不在帐篷里唯一干的地方度过剩余的夜晚。A. tidy 整齐的；B. dry 干的；
C. new 新的；D. soft 舒适的。根据上文可知作者在午夜醒来时发现自己的帐篷变成了游泳池，所以他只
能在干的地方过夜。故选B。
18 ：C
考查固定短语辨析。句意：不必说，我受了很多苦。A. by the way顺道提一下；B. regardless of that不管怎
么样；C. needless to say；D. 无论哪种情况。上文提到作者克服困难，最终建成了阶梯。可知作者是吃了
不少苦的，needless to say进一步加深语境。故选C。19 ：A
考查动词辨析。句意：我知道无论在生活中面对什么，我都会在那里，并且幸存下来。 A. survive幸存；
B. resist抵制；C. escape逃离；D. recover痊愈。作者上文I suffered a lot提到受了很多苦，此处but转折表
示作者克服了困难，并且作者感悟到无论遇到什么困难，都会勇敢面对。故选A。
20 ：B
考查形容词辨析。句意：我相信我也因为这个项目变得更加坚强了。A. smart聪明的；B. strong坚强的；C.
happy快乐的；D. busy忙碌的。根据前文I suffered a lot可知作者受了很多苦，但也正是这次经历使得作者
成长，变得更加坚强。故选B。
【2020·全国卷I】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just
a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will
drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them
from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about
windows is a 48 .
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51
that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53
metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later
in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and 55 opening
the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is, ＂
What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59
repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they
real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.
41．A．relief B．target C．reason D．case
42．A．admit B．believe C．mean D．realize
43．A．gradually B．constantly C．temporarily D．casually
44．A．result B．danger C．method D．truth
45．A．merely B．slightly C．hardly D．partly
46．A．reviewing B．approving C．receiving D．attempting
47．A．win out B．give up C．wake up D．stand out
48．A．dream B．lie C．fantasy D．fact
49．A．parents B．twins C．colleagues D．teachers
50．A．restrictions B．explanations C．differences D．consequences
51．A．demand B．fear C．desire D．doubt
52．A．physical B．biological C．spiritual D．behavioral53．A．traditional B．important C．double D．original
54．A．life B．time C．reply D．history
55．A．by comparison withB．in addition to C．regardless of D．instead of
56．A．get hold of B．stare at C．knock on D．make use of
57．A．real B．typical C．similar D．limited
58．A．safety rule B．comfort zone C．bottom line D．top secret
59．A．delay B．regret C．enjoy D．accept
60．A．hurry B．decide C．hesitate D．intend
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门，引申出生活中的“门”，从而探讨了一种教育理念。
作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这样，孩子们才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各种“进退两
难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，勇往直前。
41．C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因是明显的。A. relief安慰； B. target目标；C. reason原因；D. case情况。
根据下文If we 42 it is a door, they'll want to go outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以
这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选C。
42．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. admit 承认；B. believe
相信；C. mean意味着；D. realize意识到。下文they'll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去，那必
然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。
43．B
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地；B.
constantly不断地；C temporarily临时地；D casually随便地。根据下文I should just_59 repeatedly having to
say, "No. We can't go outside now. "可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。
44．D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. result结果；B. danger危险；C. method方法；D.
truth真相。下文But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故
选D。
45．A
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的
尝试。A. merely只不过；B. slightly轻微地；C. hardly几乎不；D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻
描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。
46．D
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝
试。A. reviewing回顾；B. approving赞成；C. receiving收到；D. attempting尝试。根据millions of requests
to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。
47．C考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户
的一切，是一个谎言。A. win out最后获得成功；B. give up放弃；C. wake up开始了解真相；D. stand out
站出来。根据and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天，孩子们
会开始了解真相。故选C。
48．B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户
的一切，是一个谎言。A. dream梦想；B. lie谎言；C. fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate lying to the
kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选
B。
49．A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. parents父母；B. twins双
胞胎；C. colleagues同事；D. teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否
应该说出真相。故选A。
50．D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. restrictions限制；B.
explanations解释；C. differences差异；D. consequences结果。根据they'll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我
说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。
51．B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。
A. demand要求；B. fear害怕；C. desire 欲望；D. doubt 怀疑。根据that the lie we're telling is doing 52
damage to our children.和Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选B。
52．C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。
A. physical身体的；B biological生物的；C. spiritual心灵的；D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行
为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
53．B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditional传统的； B. important重要的；C.
double双重的；D. original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种
机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可
知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。
54．A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是
打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. life生活；B. time时
间；C. reply回答；D. history历史。根据Then when
they come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。
55．D考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开
门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。 A. by comparison with
与……相比；B. in addition to除……之外；C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今
后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。故选D。
56．B
考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是
打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. get hold of抓住；B.
stare at凝视；C. knock on敲击（门、窗）；D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是
在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。
57．A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical
典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选
A。
58．C
考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A safety rule安全守则；B.
comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom line底线；D. top secret绝密的。根据I shouldn't lie to my kids.可知这是我的
底线。故选C。
59．D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A. delay推迟；B.
regret后悔；C. enjoy享受；D. accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现
在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。
60．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他“门”时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的
打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. decide决定；C. hesitate犹豫；D. intend打算。根据and walk
through.可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。
【2020·全国卷III】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41
can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42 their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll 43 that
they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time.
They’ll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 46 colour.
I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 49 absolutely
everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular”. After a while, she 51
for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat
52 , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 53 people.That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don’t take it
56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not
57 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won’t be able to 59
it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone’s day.
41．A．shopkeepers B．customers C．salespersons D．receptionists
42．A．saying B．pretending C．guessing D．replying
43．A．agree B．promise C．imagine D．swear
44．A．forget B．decide C．discover D．assume
45．A．foods B．catalogues C．belongings D．goods
46．A．particular B．different C．matching D．natural
47．A．fighting B．smiling C．waiting D．changing
48．A．generous B．polite C．careless D．difficult
49．A．curious about B．displeased with C．patient with D．uncertain about
50．A．relaxed B．delighted C．surprised D．embarrassed
51．A．searched B．argued C．prayed D．apologized
52．A．by chance B．by herself C．on purpose D．on duty
53．A．rude B．such C．other D．lonely
54．A．lesson B．trick C．skill D．trade
55．A．work B．shop C．meet D．quarrel
56．A．kindly B．secretly C．personally D．casually
57．A．ready B．away C．up D．well
58．A．out of sight B．in the way C．behind the scene D．above the law
59．A．stress B．expect C．handle D．blame
60．A．ruins B．makes C．starts D．saves
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，
一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气
撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发
展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
41．B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B.
customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员； D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers
可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
42．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing
猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
43．D考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们
的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦
旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
44．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们
的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car
all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
45．D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A.
foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的
是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
46．A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A.
particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you
don't have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的
款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
47．B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B.
smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，
面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词边是转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，
B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
48．D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨
的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位
顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。
49．B
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了
“常客”。A. curious about 好奇；B. displeased with 对……不满意；C. patient with 对……有耐心；D.
uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
50．C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了
“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下
文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
51．D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C.
prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己
一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。52．B
考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应
付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值
班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了
因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
53．C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以
应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上
文since she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒
在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
54．A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，
教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的
一课。故选A。
55．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B.
shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
56．C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D.
casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太
在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
57．D
考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。
根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选
D。
58．B
考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way
妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾
客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
59．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了
每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说
明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
60．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了
每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts 开始；D. saves 拯救。结合上文 the whole thingdevelops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的
一天。故选A。
【2020·江苏卷】
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 36 fundamentally on our
view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 38
of knowing that his life was to change 39 . The class experiment that day was to 40 how heating a
container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 41 , the container the teacher gave Wilson
to heat 42 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 43
, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 44 to find a way to deal with
the catastrophe that had 45 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned
braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well
as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 48 for lack of proper treatment. For him,
it was one thing to 49 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 50
it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of
the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 .
Wilson received several international 53 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 54
. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是
努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉
我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
36. A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依
靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激
情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故
选A。
37. C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进
退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He
proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们
对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
38. A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知
道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way 方法，方式；B. hope 希望；C. plan 计划；D. measure 措施。John
Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
39. D
考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知
道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely
完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
40. B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A.
direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展
示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
41. C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A.
Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，
老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
42. A
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A.
mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器
里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
43. B考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；
B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易
挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
44. B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他
们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted视图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D.
agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。
故选B。
45. D
考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他
们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；
D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
46. D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary
不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文 his parents
44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一
个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
47. A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A.
accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D.
innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合
该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有
A选项表达此意。故选A。
48. C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness
聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens
of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 ”可知，很
多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
49. D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情
况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接
受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and
continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also
became a(n) 47 public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推
知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
50. B考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的
情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C.
unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是
另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
51. C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复
视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。
根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因
为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
52. A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢
复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易
被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。
故选A。
53. C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships 奖学金；B.
rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个
国际“大奖”。故选C。
54. D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了视野。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C.
dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很
多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不
到的事情。故选D。
55. B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待
发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段
中的“Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives”可知，成功从根
本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是
我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B
热点练
（2022·甘肃·兰州市外国语高级中学高三阶段练习）
Anxiety is a weight that I have always carried. Once, in my first grade, I had to read a book to the whole class.
With___1___, I walked up to the front slowly. I hadn’t___2___it to the second page when the tears started. I tried
to___3___, but my teacher’s glare kept me rooted to the seat. Since then the front of the classroom has stayed a
major___4___of stress for me.Later, I was___5___a bad situation. I was consumed with___6___whenever I prepared for a presentation. I
___7___got sleepless, worrying about the quality. I simply___8___the reality until the last minute. When a
teacher___9___a project, I also got nervous, but not for the same ____10____as my classmates. They feared the
hard work, while I was terrified of walking to the front to____11____.
It was funny that one single emotion____12____a complete disaster for me. It doesn’t sound so____13____—
everyone gets nervous and public speaking is the number one fear! ____14____, social anxiety isn’t just a fear of
public speaking. For someone, taking a test or making a decision to quit a group can____15____anxiety. For me,
anxiety is being ____16____of trying new things because if I don’t know what to expect, I might make a fool of
myself, which is worse than a____17____ life, at least in the moment.
My family’s love saved me. After accepting that this is just me, I didn’t ____18____. And I also made some
friends in my class. Now, I raise my hand, even when I lack____19____in my answer. And I participate in class,
even if it is in a more____20____manner than others. And what matters is that I’m now improving little by little.
1．A．happiness B．confusion C．unwillingness D．surprise
2．A．made B．pushed C．counted D．got
3．A．stop B．leave C．smile D．repeat
4．A．source B．loss C．sign D．effect
5．A．curious about B．sensitive to C．stuck in D．careful with
6．A．anger B．guilt C．regret D．anxiety
7．A．yet B．even C．again D．still
8．A．changed B．remembered C．confirmed D．ignored
9．A．announced B．finished C．financed D．cancelled
10．A．purpose B．reason C．benefit D．threat
11．A．whisper B．dance C．reply D．present
12．A．held back B．put off C．turned out D．broke down
13．A．practical B．familiar C．awful D．natural
14．A．However B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Otherwise
15．A．reduce B．remove C．handle D．cause
16．A．fond B．scared C．proud D．aware
17．A．successful B．boring C．busy D．private
18．A．give up B．show off C．get along D．set out
19．A．assistance B．interest C．confidence D．experience
20．A．professional B．aggressive C．consistent D．reserved
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．C 14．A
15．D 16．B 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者面对同学时会感到焦虑，不喜欢在人群面前展示自己，但在家
人的关爱下，作者在慢慢地改变自己。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不情愿地慢慢走到前面。A. happiness 幸福；B. confusion 困惑；C.
unwillingness不情愿；D. surprise吃惊。根据上一句的“I had to read a book to the whole class” 可推知，作
者当时很不情愿，与空后的“I walked up to the front slowly.”和下文的“when the tears started”呼应。故选C
项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没翻到第二页，眼泪就开始流了。A. made制作；B. pushed推；C.
counted计算；D. got得到。根据“when the tears started.”可知，此处为make it to…“成功抵达……”，意为：
还没翻到第二页，眼泪就开始流了。故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想离开，但老师的目光使我在座位上一动不动。A. stop停止；B. leave离
开；C. smile微笑；D. repeat重复。根据该句中的“but my teacher’s glare kept me rooted to the seat”以及上文
提到作者的不情愿可推知，作者当时眼泪都掉下来了，想离开，但是老师示意其留在那里。故选B项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，坐在教室前面一直是我压力的主要来源。A. source来源；B. loss
失去；C. sign标记；D. effect影响。经过这次经历之后，教室前面的位置给作者留下了阴影，成了作者的
压力之根源所在。source“来源”符合语境。故选A项。
5．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：后来，我陷入了困境。A. curious about对……好奇；B. sensitive to对……
敏感；C. stuck in 陷入；D. careful with 对……小心。根据上文的“Anxiety is a weight that I have always
carried.”可推知，作者后来深陷这种焦虑和压力的泥潭不能自拔。be stuck in“陷入”符合句意。故选C项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我准备演讲的时候，我总是焦虑不安。A. anger愤怒；B. guilt内疚；C.
regret后悔；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下一句中的“got sleepless, worrying about the quality.”可推知，作者后来
只要一准备展示就会深感焦虑，甚至到了失眠的程度。故选D项。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至因为担心质量而睡不着觉。A. yet然而；B. even甚至；C. again再次；
D. still仍然。根据上题解析以及“got sleepless, worrying about the quality”可知，此处为我甚至因为担心质
量而睡不着觉。故选B项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到最后一刻，我才忽略了现实情况如何。A. changed改变；B. remembered
记得；C. confirmed证实；D. ignored忽略。根据句意以及“until the last minute”可知，作者焦虑到躲避现实，
直到最后一分钟才去面对。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布一个项目时，我也会紧张，但原因和我的同学不同。A.
announced宣布；B. finished完成；C. financed为……提供资金；D. cancelled取消。根据下文中的“They
feared the hard work”并结合选项可推知，当老师宣布一项专题研究时，作者也感到紧张。故选A项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布一个项目时，我也会紧张，但原因和我的同学不同。A. purpose
目的；B. reason原因；C. benefit益处；D. threat威胁。根据下文中的“They feared the hard work, while I
was terrified of walking to the front to___11___.”可推知，此处陈述的是作者和别的同学对老师所宣布的专题
研究感到担忧的原因不同。故选B项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们害怕繁重的工作，而我却害怕走到前面去演讲。A. whisper耳语；B.
dance跳舞；C. reply回复；D. present展示。根据上文中的“whenever I prepared for a presentation”并结合本
空前的“walking to the front”可推知，作者害怕的不是专题研究的辛苦而是去教室前展示自己。故选D项。12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有趣的是，一个单一的情绪对我来说变成了完全的灾难。A. held back忍住；
B. put off推迟；C. turned out结果是；D. broke down抛锚。由上文可知，作者的焦虑越来越严重，选择
turned out表示焦虑变得严重的这个过程。故选C项。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来并没有那么可怕——每个人都会紧张，公开演讲是头号恐惧！
A. practical实际的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. awful可怕的；D. natural自然的。 根据该句中的“everyone
gets nervous and public speaking is the number one fear”可推知，这听起来并没有那么可怕，每个人都会紧张，
公开演讲是最令人害怕的。故选C项。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，社交焦虑不仅仅是对公开演讲的恐惧。A. However 然而；B.
Moreover此外；C. Therefore 因此；D. Otherwise 否则。根据上文中的“everyone gets nervous and public
speaking is the number one fear”和本句中的“social anxiety isn’t just a fear of public speaking”可推知，该处表
示逻辑上的转折关系。故选A项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对某些人来说，参加考试或决定退出一个群体会导致焦虑。A. reduce减少；
B. remove移除；C. handle处理；D. cause 导致。根据该句的“taking a test or making a decision to quit a
group”举出的具体事例可知，此处为参加考试或决定退出一个群体会导致焦虑。故选D项。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，焦虑是害怕尝试新事物，因为如果我不知道会发生什么，我
可能会出丑，这比无聊的生活更糟糕，至少在当下是这样。A. fond喜欢的；B. scared害怕的；C. proud骄
傲的；D. aware意识到的。根据上文的“the number one fear”可推知，对于作者来讲，焦虑就是恐惧尝试新
事物。故选B项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，焦虑是害怕尝试新事物，因为如果我不知道会发生什么，我
可能会出丑，这比无聊的生活更糟糕，至少在当下是这样。A. successful成功的；B. boring无聊的；C.
busy忙的；D. private私人的。根据本句中的“worse”并结合选项可推知，此处指比原本就枯燥无聊的生活
更糟。故选B项。
18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接受了自己是一个什么样的人之后，我并没有放弃。A. give up放弃；B.
show off炫耀；C. get along相处；D. set out出发。根据下一句“And I also made some friends in my class.”，
并结合该句中的“After accepting that this is just me”可推知，作者认清了自己的性格之后，并没有因为自己
的缺点而放弃，而是逐步地自我改善，这与下文中的“I’m now improving little by little.”呼应。故选A项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我举手，即使我对自己的答案缺乏信心。A. assistance帮助；B.
interest兴趣；C. confidence自信；D. experience经验。根据该句中的“even”并结合选项可推知，作者现在
即使在对答案并不那么自信的情况下也举手发言。故选C项。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也参与课堂，尽管我的方式比别人更含蓄，保守。A. professional专业
的；B. aggressive好斗的；C. consistent一致的；D. reserved保守的。根据上文可知，作者很害怕公开演讲，
社交时也会焦虑，由此可推知，作者在参与班级活动时，比其他同学更保守和矜持。故选D项。
（2022·河南新乡·一模）
One of my favorite anonymous (匿名的) acts is to pay for meals in a restaurant. A few years ago, I was at a
restaurant with my project team, eating a Christmas___21___. My view of the other dinners was via a___22___in
front of me from where I was sitting. It was a Wednesday night about 3 weeks before Christmas so there were only
about 6 other tables___23___.About 10 minutes before we left, I___24___to look in the mirror, seeing two girls___25___. They sat near me.
They started to___26___the menu and I could hear what they said. They ___27___,“ It’s so expensive!”
I usually___28___a table that’s already eating their dinners so I can get their check from the restaurant. As we
left, I told the manager I wanted to___29___the two girls. He figured that the high____30____was $100 including
taxes, so I gave him $140 and told him to give the waiter whatever was left as a Christmas____31____. Touched by
my act, the manager said he would____32____anything over $100 and give the waiter $40. We agreed that he
would tell the two girls after we____33____that someone had paid for their meal. I wanted them
to____34____whatever they wanted without____35____the cost.
The next day I went to the____36____again to eat dinner with my friends, the manager ____37____me. He
walked to me. From him,I knew____38____about the thing after we left. The twogirls felt____39____and were
moved to tears. They appreciated the kindness and said they would pass the kindness on to others in need.
I do this several times a year, but I____40____like the two girls’ reaction, which makes me think it valuable to
do such things!
21．A．talk B．event C．dinner D．debate
22．A．waiter B．material C．table D．mirror
23．A．occupied B．improved C．created D．carried
24．A．hesitated B．decided C．happened D．turned
25．A．spotted out B．came in C．stayed up D．stepped out
26．A．read B．find C．type D．collect
27．A．whispered B．guessed C．apologized D．explained
28．A．embrace B．purchase C．give D．pick
29．A．break up B．live up to C．pay for D．brush aside
30．A．reward B．expense C．fine D．salary
31．A．result B．tip C．chance D．recreation
32．A．express B．wish C．inform D．cover
33．A．pursued B．imitated C．left D．slipped
34．A．order B．deserve C．own D．reserve
35．A．varying B．considering C．simulating D．grabbing
36．A．association B．restaurant C．bay D．bakery
37．A．recognized B．encouraged C．depressed D．abandoned
38．A．arguments B．interpretations C．criticisms D．details
39．A．upset B．concerned C．surprised D．interested
40．A．casually B．anxiously C．slightly D．really
【答案】
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．B
26．A 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．B
36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢匿名帮别人在餐厅结账。一次无意中听到两位女生小声说餐
厅很贵，他决定帮两位女生结账，女生在得知之后非常惊讶、感动到落泪的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我和我的项目团队在一家餐馆吃圣诞节晚餐。A.talk谈论；
B.event 事件，大事；C.dinner 晚餐；D.debate辩论。根据前文的eating可知，是在吃圣诞晚餐。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是通过我坐的地方在我面前放置的镜子看到其他吃晚餐的顾客的。
A.waiter服务生； B.material材料，原料； C.table桌子 ；D.mirror镜子。结合常识和四个选项可知，作者
是通过自己前面的镜子看到其他用餐客人的，且第二段look in the mirror也是该空的原词复现。故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是圣诞节前大约三周的星期三晚上，所以只有大约六张其他桌子被占用。
A.occupied占用； B.improved 提高；C.created创造；D.carried携带，运载。结合文意可知，还有三周才
到圣诞节，餐厅的人不是特别多，所以只有其它六张桌子有客人用餐。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约在我们离开前10分钟，我无意中照了照镜子，看到两个女孩走进来。
A.hesitated犹豫； B.decided决定； C.happened 发生、碰巧；D.turned转身。结合常识和四个选项可知，
作者是无意当中看了镜子，发现这两位女生走进餐厅的。故选C。
25．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：大约在我们离开前10分钟，我无意中照了照镜子，看到两个女孩走进
来。A.spotted out 发现；B.came in 进来；C.stayed up熬夜； D.stepped out走出去。根据后文的 ___6___
the menu可知，这两位女生是刚来餐厅吃晚餐，应该是作者看到她们走进餐厅。 故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们开始读菜单，我能听到她们说什么。A.read读；B.find找 ；C.type打
字； D.collect收集。结合常识，吃饭之前要点菜，所以要读（看）菜单。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们小声说道，“太贵了！”A.whispered 低语，耳语；B.guessed猜测；
C.apologized道歉； D.explained解释。结合语境和常识可知，两人应该是小声交流。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通常会挑一张已经在吃晚餐的人坐的桌子，这样我就可以从餐厅拿到他
们的账单。A.embrace拥抱； B.purchase购买； C.give给； D.pick挑选。根据后文的a table 可知，是挑
选一张已经在就餐的桌子。故选D。
29．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：临走时，我告诉经理我想替这两个女孩付款。A.break up破碎，分解；
B.live up to 做到，不辜负； C.pay for 偿还，付款；D.brush aside 无视，抹掉。根据后文“so I gave
him$140”可知，作者是想帮这两位女生结账。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他估计了一下，她们最高消费额是100美元（含税），所以我给了他140
美元，并告诉他把剩下的作为圣诞节小费送给服务员。A.reward报酬，奖励； B.expense开支，消费；
C.fine罚款； D.salary薪水。根据下文“was $100 including taxes,”可知，她们这顿饭最高消费额是100美
元（含税），故选B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他估计了一下，她们最高消费额是100美元（含税），所以我给了他140
美元，并告诉他把剩下的作为圣诞节小费送给服务员。A.result结果； B.tip小费； C.chance机会；
D.recreation娱乐，消遣。结合常识可知，西方在餐厅吃饭需要付小费。这里作者打算如果多付了钱就给服
务生们作为圣诞节的小费。故选B。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经理被我的行为感动了，他说他会负责任何超过 100美元的餐品，并给服
务员40美元。A.express表达 ；B.wish希望； C.inform通知，告诉； D.cover覆盖、支付。结合文意，经
理被作者感动到，所以打算负责买单多出100美金部分的消费。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们同意他在我们离开之后告诉两个女孩有人帮她们付了饭钱。A. pursued
追求，继续从事； B.imitated模仿 ；C.left离开 ；D.slipped打滑。结合文意和四个选项，经理打算在作者
离开之后再告诉两位女生，有人帮她们结账。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望她们点她们想吃的任何菜品，而无需考虑需要花费多少费用。A.
order点餐； B.deserve应得； C.own拥有； D.reserve保留。结合作者的做法可知，作者希望这两位女生
可以点她们想吃的任何一道菜。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望她们点她们想吃的任何菜品，而无需考虑需要花费多少费用。
A.varying 变化；B.considering考虑；C. simulating 模拟；D.grabbing抓住，夺走。根据前文两位女生小声
讨论餐厅很贵可知，作者希望她们可以点她们想吃的任何菜品，而无需考虑需要花费多少费用。故选B。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天我又去和朋友去那家餐厅吃晚饭，经理认出了我。A.association 联
合，协会；B.restaurant餐厅； C. bay海湾； D.bakery面包房，烘焙。由again可知，作者和朋友再次去了
那家餐厅。故选B。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天我又去和朋友去那家餐厅吃晚饭，经理认出了我。A.recognized认
出； B.encouraged鼓励； C. depressed使沮丧；D.abandoned抛弃。由后文经理走向作者告诉他后面发生
的事情可知，经理认出了作者。故选A。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从他那里，我得知了从我们离开后发生的事情的细节。A.arguments争论；
B.interpretations解释，说明； C.criticisms 批判，指责；D.details细节。根据后文的内容可知，作者得知
了关于他帮两位女生结账之后发生的事情的细节。故选D。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两个女孩感到很吃惊并且感动得热泪盈眶。A.upset 心烦意乱；
B.concerned担心的，忧虑的； C.surprised 吃惊的；D.interested感兴趣的。结合常识可知，两位女生在听
到这个消息的时候感到很吃惊。故选C。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我每年都会这样做几次，但我真的喜欢两个女孩的反应，这让我觉得做这
样的事情很有价值！A.casually随便地 ；B.anxiously 焦虑地，担忧地；C.slightly 轻微地；D.really真正地。
由后文的makes me think it valuable可知，作者真的很喜欢这两位女生的反应。故选D。
（2022·黑龙江·哈师大附中高三期中）
It was a cold, rainy day. And I had no ____41____ to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter
Carolyn’s house. But she had insisted that I should come to see something at the ____42____ of the mountain.
So here I was, ____43____ making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils (面纱). By the time
I saw how ____44____ it was near the peak, I’d gone too far to turn back. Nothing could be worth this! I thought
as I ____45____ along the very dangerous highway.
After picking her up and lots of extra miles, we turned down a narrow track. We ____46____ the car, got out
and walked along a path thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens ____47____ over us. Gradually,
the peace and silence of the place ____48____ us.
Then we turned a corner and stopped. I took a deep breath in ____49____ : from the top of the mountain, forseveral acres across the valleys, rivers of daffodils (水仙花) were in brilliant bloom. It looked _____50_____ the
sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside. _____51_____ filled my mind. Who created such
beauty? How? When?
As we _____52_____ the house that stood in the center of the property, we saw a sign that _____53_____,
“Answers to the Questions I know You Are Asking.” The first answer was “One Woman, Two Hands, Two Feet,
and Very Little Brain.” The second was “One at a Time.” The third, “_____54_____ in 1980.”
As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen. I could _____55_____ speak. “She _____56_____
the world,” I finally said, “one at a time. She began almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of a(n)
_____57_____, but she kept at it.”
The wonder of it would not let me _____58_____. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just
a little bit every day, what might I have _____59_____?” Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. “Start
tomorrow,” she said, “ _____60_____ yet, start today.”
41．A．strength B．belief C．desire D．suggestion
42．A．top B．back C．bottom D．end
43．A．unwillingly B．helplessly C．eagerly D．longingly
44．A．thin B．deep C．huge D．thick
45．A．ran B．inched C．wandered D．bounced
46．A．parked B．drove C．repaired D．loaded
47．A．fell B．walked C．towered D．knocked
48．A．attacked B．failed C．enjoyed D．enveloped
49．A．blow B．doubt C．relief D．amazement
50．A．as though B．even though C．in case D．in that
51．A．Arguments B．Questions C．Requirements D．Responses
52．A．departed B．headed C．approached D．searched
53．A．spoke B．stuck C．wrote D．read
54．A．Deserted B．Finished C．Started D．Operated
55．A．barely B．nearly C．mostly D．merely
56．A．dominated B．changed C．won D．identified
57．A．experience B．idea C．story D．promise
58．A．praise B．justify C．go D．mount
59．A．lost B．achieved C．forgotten D．beaten
60．A．More B．Worse C．Severer D．Better
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．A 44．D 45．B
46．A 47．C 48．D 49．D 50．A
51．B 52．C 53．D 54．C 55．A56．B 57．B 58．C 59．B 60．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者在女儿的执意要求下，和女儿一起开车去山顶欣赏美景，
从中作者感悟到如果自己有一个愿景并且每天都为之努力，哪怕每天只做一点点，就可能会取得一些成就
的故事。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山路去我女儿卡洛琳家。A. strength力量；B.
belief信任；C. desire渴望；愿望；D. suggestion建议。由上文“It was a cold, rainy day.”和下文“to drive up
the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house.”可知，下雨了，所以作者不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山
路去女儿家，have no desire to do sth.固定搭配，意为“不想做某事”，故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她坚持要我到山顶去看些东西。A. top顶端；B. back背面；C. bottom底
部；D. end末尾。由下文“near the peak”和“from the top of the mountain”可知，作者和女儿去的是山顶，
故选A。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我就到这里了，不情愿地在像面纱一样悬挂的雾中走了两个小时的路
程。A. unwillingly不乐意地；B. helplessly无助地；C. eagerly渴望地；急切地；D. longingly渴望地。由上
文“And I had no____1____to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house.”和下文
“making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils”可知，作者不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山路去女儿家，
而且当时还有大雾，所以作者不情愿地在雾中走了两个小时的路，故选A。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我快到山顶时，我看到雾很浓，但我已经走得太远了，无法回头。A.
thin薄的；B. deep深的；C. huge巨大的；D. thick厚的；浓的，能见度低的。由上文“fog that hung like
veils (面纱).”和下文“I’d gone too far to turn back.”可知，雾很大，能见度很低，故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我沿着危险的高速公路缓慢前行时，我这样想。A. ran跑步；B. inched
缓慢移动；C. wandered漫游；D. bounced反弹。由上文“making the two-hour journey through fog that hung
like veils (面纱)”和下文“along the very dangerous highway.”可知，雾很大，路很蜿蜒，所以作者沿着危险的
高速缓慢前行，故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把车停好，下了车，沿着一条满是老松针的小路走去。A. parked停车；
B. drove开车；C. repaired修复；D. loaded装载。由下文“the car, got out and walked along a path thick with
old pine needles.”可知，作者停下车，然后下车，故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨大的黑绿常青树耸立在我们头顶。A. fell落下；B. walked走路；C.
towered高耸；D. knocked敲门。由上下文“Huge black-green evergreens____7____over us.”可知，巨大的树
耸立在作者和女儿头顶，故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，这个地方的平静和安静围绕着我们。A. attacked袭击；B. failed失
败；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. enveloped覆盖；包住。由上文“Gradually, the peace and silence of the place”和语境
可知，这个地方的平静和安静围绕着作者和女儿，让他们也顿感平静，故选D。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我惊奇地深吸了一口气：从山顶上，在山谷的几英亩的地方，水仙花正盛
开着。A. blow强风；B. doubt怀疑；C. relief信心；看法；D. amazement惊奇。由下文“from the top of the
mountain, for several acres across the valleys, rivers of daffodils (水仙花) were in brilliant bloom.”可知，作者从
山顶看到山谷附近的水仙花正盛开着，这让作者感到很惊奇，in amazement固定搭配，意为“惊奇地”，
故选D。50．考查连词词义辨析。句意：看起来好像太阳翻了个身，把金子洒在了山坡上。A. as though好像；B.
even though即使；C. in case以防万一；D. in that因为。由上下文“It looked___11___the sun had tipped over
and spilled gold down the mountainside”可知，作者看到正在盛开的水仙花，感觉这看起来好像太阳翻了个身，
把金子洒在了山坡上，此处是比喻用法，故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我满脑子都是问题。A. Arguments 争论；B. Questions 问题；C.
Requirements 要求；D. Responses 回复。由下文作者提出的几个问题“Who created such beauty? How?
When?”可知，此处指作者看到山谷里盛开的水仙花，满脑子都是问题，想知道谁创造了这样的美，怎么创
造的，什么时候创造的，呼应下文的“Questions I know You Are Asking”。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近位于中心的一座房子时，我们看到一个牌子，上面写着：“我
知道你想问的问题的答案。”A. departed启程；B. headed前往；C. approached接近；D. searched搜查。由
上文“____11___filled my mind. Who created such beauty? How? When?”和下文“the house that stood in the
center of the property”可知，作者看到山谷里盛开的水仙花，想知道谁创造了这样的美，怎么创造的，什么
时候创造的，于是作者和女儿走近位于中心的房子，故选C。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近位于中心的一座房子时，我们看到一个牌子，上面写着：“我
知道你想问的问题的答案。”A. spoke说；B. stuck粘；刺，扎；C. wrote写；D. read读；写着。由上文
“we saw a sign that”和下文““Answers to the Questions I know You Are Asking.””可知，此处指指示牌上写
着，此处应用read表示“物体上写着……”，write强调“写，书写”，表示“物体上写着……”时，只能
用被动。故选D。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个问题的答案是“始于1980年”A. Deserted遗弃；B. Finished结束；
C. Started开始；D. Operated操作；运行。由上文“When?”可知，此处是对第三个问题——什么时候创造
的？这一问题的回答，故选C。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我几乎说不出话。A. barely几乎不；B. nearly几乎；差不多；C. mostly主
要地；D. merely仅仅；只是。由上文“I was so moved by what we had seen”和语境可知，作者被自己看到
的情景所感到，所以几乎说不出话，故选A。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她改变了这里的世界，”我最后说，“一次做一点事情。”A.
dominated统治；B. changed改变；C. won赢得；D. identified认出。由上文“As we drove home, I was so
moved by what we had seen”和语境可知，作者被自己看到的情景所感到，认为创造这番美景的人改变了这
里的世界，故选B。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她大约40年前就开始了，可能开始只是一个想法，但她坚持了下来。A.
experience经验；经历；B. idea主意；想法；C. story故事；D. promise承诺。由上文“She began almost 40
years ago, probably just the beginning of a(n)”和下文“but she kept at it.”可知，创造这番美景的人开始可能只
是有一个想法，但是最终坚持下来，创造了美景，故选B。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这里的奇观使我不愿意离开。A. praise表扬；B. justify是……的正当理由；
C. go走；离开；D. mount增多。由上文“The wonder of it would not let me”可知，作者看到这番奇观后，
都不愿意离开这里了，let...go固定搭配，“让……走”，故选C。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“想象一下，”我说，“如果我有一个愿景并且每天都为之努力，哪怕每
天只做一点点，我可能会取得什么成就呢？”A. lost丢失；B. achieved实现；取得；C. forgotten忘记；D.beaten击打。由上文“if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have”可知，作
者想象，如果自己有一个愿景并且每天都为之努力，哪怕每天只做一点点，就可能会取得一些成就，故选
B。
60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡洛琳侧过头来，微笑着看着我。“从明天开始,”她说，“最好是从今
天开始。”A. More更多的；B. Worse更糟糕的；C. Severer更严重的；D. Better更好的。由上文“Start
tomorrow”和下文“yet, start today”以及语境可知，作者在想，如果自己有一个愿景并且每天都为之努力，
哪怕每天只做一点点，就可能会取得一些成就，作者的女儿认为从今天开始这样做会更好，故选D。
（2022·四川泸州·一模）
He’s an old cobbler (修鞋匠) with a shop in Paris. When I took him my shoes, he at first told me: “I have no
___61___. Take them to the other fellow on the main street; he’ll ___62___ them for you right away.”
But I’d had my ___63___ on his shop for a long time, and knew he was a (an) ___64___ craftsman (手艺
人). “No,” I ___65___, “the other fellow can’t do it well.”
“The other fellow” was one of those ___66___ who fix shoes “while-U-wait” — without ___67___much
about mending shoes.
My man saw I wouldn’t ___68___, and he smiled. He looked at my shoes, had me write my name on one
___69___ with a piece of chalk and said, “____70____ in a week.”
I was about to leave ____71____ he took a pair of soft leather boots off a shelf.
“See what I can do?” he said with ____72____. “In Paris, only three of us can do this kind of ____73____.”
When I got back out into the street, the world seemed ____74____ to me. He was something ____75____an
ancient legend (传说), this old craftsman with his way of speaking familiarly, his very strange hat, his funny accent
from who-knows-where and, ____76____, his pride in his craft.
These are times when you can do things any old way as long as it “____77____”, when, in short, most people
merely look on work as a ____78____ to make money rather than a way to realize their own ____79____. In such
a period it is a rare comfort to find a cobbler who gets his greatest ____80____ from pride in a job well done.
61．A．time B．energy C．mind D．preparation
62．A．clean B．repair C．change D．decorate
63．A．plan B．advice C．eye D．report
64．A．educated B．skilled C．native D．ordinary
65．A．apologized B．complained C．suggested D．replied
66．A．shopkeepers B．customers C．waiters D．experts
67．A．worrying B．arguing C．knowing D．talking
68．A．answer back B．give in C．speak up D．go on
69．A．boot B．hat C．shoe D．shelf
70．A．Get ready B．Make sure C．Call back D．Come back
71．A．because B．when C．since D．if72．A．pride B．satisfaction C．admiration D．pleasure
73．A．performance B．favor C．work D．design
74．A．in a hurry B．in a mess C．cold-hearted D．brand-new
75．A．out of B．free of C．different from D．far from
76．A．after all B．above all C．in fact D．in general
77．A．pays B．occurs C．exists D．continues
78．A．contribution B．responsibility C．project D．path
79．A．expectations B．standards C．abilities D．conclusions
80．A．freedom B．wealth C．business D．satisfaction
【答案】
61．A 62．B 63．C 64．B 65．D
66．A 67．C 68．B 69．C 70．D
71．B 72．A 73．C 74．D 75．A
76．B 77．A 78．D 79．C 80．D
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文，作者通过一段修鞋经历，感受到修鞋匠为自己的手艺而自豪，从而引发不管
做什么事就要做到最好，而不仅仅是为挣钱。
61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我把我的鞋子给他时，他起初对我说:“我没有时间。把它们带到大街上
的另一个人那里去；他会马上给你修好的。”A. time时间；B. energy精力；C. mind思维；注意力；D.
preparation准备。根据下文“Take them to the other fellow on the main street”可知，这个老鞋匠说他没有时间，
让作者去另一个人那里修理。故选A。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. clean清洁；B. repair修理；C. change改变；D. decorate装饰。根据
上文“He’s an old cobbler (修鞋匠) with a shop in Paris. When I took him my shoes”和“Take them to the other
fellow on the main street”可知，作者去修理鞋子，这个老鞋匠说的是另一个鞋匠可以马上给你修理。故选
B。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我早就盯上他的店了，知道他是一个熟练的手艺人。A. plan计划；B.
advice建议；C. eye眼睛；D. report报告。根据下文“for a long time, and knew he was a (an) 4
craftsman (手艺人).”可知，作者盯了这家店很久了。have one’s eye on“密切注视”。故选C。
64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. educated有教养的；B. skilled熟练的；C. native本地的；D.
ordinary普通的。根据下文“‘No,’ I 5 , ‘the other fellow can’t do it well.’”可知，作者拒绝去另一个
那里修鞋，说那个人修理的不好，因此可知，他知道这个老鞋匠是一个熟练的手艺人。故选B。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不，”我回答说，“另一个人做不好。”A. apologized 道歉；B.
complained投诉；抱怨；C. suggested建议；D. replied答复。根据下文“‘No,’ …‘the other fellow can’t do it
well.’”可知，这是作者给老鞋匠的答复。故选D。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“另一个人”是那些“立等可取”修鞋的店主之一——对补鞋不太懂。A.
shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. waiters服务员；D. experts专家。根据上文“who fix shoes ‘while-U-wait’”可知，“the other follow”也是一个修鞋匠，开着修鞋店铺，是一个店主。故选A。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. worrying担心；B. arguing辩论；C. knowing熟悉；了解；知道；D.
talking谈论。根据上文“the other fellow can’t do it well.”可知，作者认为这个人对修鞋不太懂。故选C。
68．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要求给我修鞋的这人看到我不愿意让步，他笑了。A. answer back回复；
顶嘴；B. give in屈服；让步；C. speak up更大声地说；D. go on继续。根据上文的“No”可知，作者不愿意
按照老鞋匠说的去另一个人那里修鞋，不愿意让步。故选B。
69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看着我的鞋子，让我把我的名字用一支粉笔写在一只鞋上说:“一周回
来。”A. boot靴子；B. hat帽子；C. shoe鞋；D. shelf架子。根据上文“He looked at my shoes”以及常识可
知，把名字写在了鞋子上，标明鞋子的主人。故选C。
70．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. Get ready准备好；B. Make sure确保；C. Call back回电；D. Come
back回来。根据上文“I have no 1 . Take them to the other fellow on the main street”可知，老鞋匠没
有时间，需要一周后回来取修好的鞋子。故选D。
71．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我正要离开，他从架子上拿了一双柔软的皮靴。A. because因为；B. when
这时候；当……时候；C. since自从……以来；因为；D. if如果。根据前后文可知，此处为be about to do
sth. when…句型，表示“正打算做某事，这时候……”。此处为作者正打算离开，这时候老鞋匠拿出一双
靴子。故选B。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“看看我能做什么?”他骄傲地说。“在巴黎，只有我们三个人能做这种工
作。”A. pride自豪；骄傲；B. satisfaction满足；C. admiration仰慕；钦佩；D. pleasure快乐。根据下文
“In Paris, only three of us can do this kind of 13 .”可知，仅有很少的人能做这种工作，因此老鞋匠
是非常骄傲的。故选A。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. performance表现；表演；B. favor赞同；偏袒；C. work工作；D.
design设计。根据上文“See what I can do?”可知，此处是老鞋匠在炫耀自己做的工作。故选C。
74．考查固定短语和形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到街上时，世界对我来说似乎是全新的。A. in a hurry
匆忙；B. in a mess一团糟；C. cold-hearted无情的；冷淡的；D. brand-new崭新的。根据下文“In such a
period it is a rare comfort to find a cobbler who gets his greatest 20 from pride in a job well done.”可
推断，老鞋匠对自己的工作的自豪让作者感觉到世界似乎改变了，焕然一新。故选D。
75．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他是一个古老传说中的人物，这个老工匠说话的方式很亲切，他非常奇怪
的帽子，他那奇怪的口音不知从哪里来，最重要的是，他对自己的手艺很自豪。A. out of出于；B. free of
摆脱……的；C. different from 不同于；D. far from 远离。根据下文“this old craftsman with his way of
speaking familiarly, his very strange hat, his funny accent from who-knows-where”可知，老鞋匠的谈吐，奇怪的
着装，口音等让作者感觉他就像出自古老的传说，故选A。
76．考查固定短语辨析。句意同上。A. after all毕竟；B. above all最重要的是；C. in fact实际上；D. in
general一般来说。根据上文“‘See what I can do?’ he said with 1 2 . ‘In Paris, only three of us can do
this kind of 1 3 .’”可知，特别是老鞋匠对自己的手艺的自豪让作者印象深刻。故选B。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：时常你可以用任何古老的方式做事情，只要它“有利可图”，简而言之，
时常人们把工作看作是一条通向不断增加消费的途径，而不是实现自己能力的途径。A. pays支付，盈利；
B. occurs发生；C. exists存在；D. continues继续。根据下文“most people merely look on work as a 18to make money”可知，时常只要有人付钱，人们就会做一些事。故选A。
78．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contribution贡献；B. responsibility责任；C. project项目；D. path通
道；途径。根据下文“rather than a way to realize their own 19 ”可知，此处用path与下文的way
呼应，人们把工作看做赚钱的途径。故选D。
79．考查名词词义辨析。句意同 17小题。A. expectations期待；B. standards标准；C. abilities能力；D.
conclusions结论。根据下文“In such a period it is a rare comfort to find a cobbler who gets his greatest 20
from pride in a job well done.”以及上文老鞋匠的故事可知，此处说的是把工作看作是实现自己的能力的途径。
故选C。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的时期，发现一个鞋匠从工作做得好的自豪中获得最大的满足感是
一种难得的安慰。A. freedom自由；B. wealth财富；C. business商业；D. satisfaction满足。根据上文“In
Paris, only three of us can do this kind of 13 .”可知，老鞋匠对于自己的工作有一种满足感。故选
D。
（2022·广西·北海市北海中学一模）
A student who was preparing to graduate from school sent out invitations to her family in the hope they would
be able to attend on the day.
It wasn’t until a____81____dropped back in reply that she____82____she had sent one to the wrong address
and the message inside is restoring (恢复) people’s____83____in humanity.
The card politely informed her that her ____84____ no longer live at the address, and the new occupant (居
住者) took the time to____85____the student on her achievements-even enclosing$20 inside as a____86____The
stranger’s heart-warming act was posted on Reddit, where the receiver said, “I____87____sent a graduation
invitation to my extended family’s old address. I received this touching card (and $20!) ____88____!”
It____89____ , “Regretfully I must inform you that your relatives are not located at this address.
I____90____this house in September and am not____91____ with former owners. I unknowingly opened the
envelope ____92____ to them by mistake and am returning the ____93____ to you. That being said, I offer my
congratulations! I don’t ____94____ you, but I am ____95____ of you for pursuing a career in a STEM field. US
women have a lot of work to do to take our place in science.”
The image of the card has____96____hundreds of comments as people were left____97____by the heart-
warming act. One said happily, “It brought a ____98____ to my face. What a wonderful and kind gesture from
a(n)____99____ .” A second said, “Some humans are absolutely____100____ .”
81．A．newspaper B．book C．letter D．card
82．A．hoped B．imagined C．realized D．reported
83．A．order B．health C．faith D．fame
84．A．teachers B．relatives C．friends D．classmates
85．A．congratulate B．praise C．forgive D．respect
86．A．rule B．reward C．gift D．result
87．A．quickly B．naturally C．suddenly D．accidentally
88．A．in danger B．in trouble C．in return D．in need89．A．reads B．tells C．shows D．spreads
90．A．moved B．bought C．designed D．built
91．A．annoyed B．satisfied C．mixed D．acquainted
92．A．addressed B．attached C．limited D．exposed
93．A．invitation B．ticket C．envelope D．stamp
94．A．understand B．know C．love D．influence
95．A．tired B．ashamed C．scared D．proud
96．A．made B．won C．gained D．passed
97．A．relieved B．surprised C．terrified D．confused
98．A．picture B．flower C．tear D．smile
99．A．stranger B．engineer C．professor D．student
100．A．mean B．wonderful C．selfish D．brave
【答案】
81．D 82．C 83．C 84．B 85．A
86．C 87．D 88．C 89．A 90．B
91．D 92．A 93．A 94．B 95．D
96．C 97．B 98．D 99．A 100．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名学生把毕业邀请寄错了地址，却得到了一个温馨的答复的故
事。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到她收到一张回复卡片，她才意识到她把一张卡片寄错了地址，而里面
的信息是在恢复人们对人性的信心。A. newspaper报纸；B. book书；C. letter信；D. card卡片。根据下文
“The card politely informed her that”可知，是她收到一张卡片。故选D项。
82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到她收到一张回复卡片，她才意识到她把一张卡片寄错了地址，而里面
的信息是在恢复人们对人性的信心。A. hoped希望；B. imagined想象；C. realized意识到；D. reported报道。
根据前文“It wasn’t until a 1 dropped back in reply”以及后文“she had sent one to the wrong address”
可知，直到有一张作为回信的卡片从门上掉了下来，她才意识到她将一张毕业邀请寄错了地址。故选C项。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到她收到一张回复卡片，她才意识到她把一张卡片寄错了地址，而里面
的信息是在恢复人们对人性的信心。A. order顺序；B. health健康；C. faith信心；D. fame名声。根据下文
“The stranger’s heart-warming act was posted on Reddit”结合上文可知，一名学生将毕业邀请寄错了地址，
得到了一个温馨的答复。这件事让人们又相信了人性本善，所以说恢复了人们对人性的信仰。故选C项。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张卡片礼貌地告诉她，她的亲戚已经不住在这个地址了，新主人花时间
祝贺她取得的成就，甚至还附上了20美元作为礼物。A. teachers老师；B. relatives亲戚；C. friends朋友；
D. classmates 同学。根据下文“your relatives are not located at this address”的提示可知，她把毕业邀请寄给
了她的亲戚。故选B项。
85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这张卡片礼貌地告诉她，她的亲戚已经不住在这个地址了，新主人花时间祝贺她取得的成就，甚至还附上了20美元作为礼物。A. congratulate道贺；B. praise表扬；C. forgive原谅；
D. respect尊重。根据下文“I offer my congratulations”的提示可知，陌生人回信祝贺这个学生所取得的成就。
故选A项。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张卡片礼貌地告诉她，她的亲戚已经不住在这个地址了，新主人花时间
祝贺她取得的成就，甚至还附上了20美元作为礼物。A. rule规则；B. reward奖励；C. gift礼物；D. result
结果。根据上文“who was preparing to graduate from school”的提示可知这位学生毕业了，故送给她20美元
当作毕业礼物。故选C项。
87．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不小心把毕业邀请发送到了我大家庭的旧地址。A. quickly快速地；B.
naturally自然地；C. suddenly突然；D. accidentally意外地。根据上文“had sent one to the wrong address”的
提示可知，寄错了地址，一般不是故意寄错的，而是无意地。故选D项。
88．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我收到了这张感人的卡片(还有20美元!)作为回报。A. in danger处于危险
之中；B. in trouble 处于困境；C. in return 作为回报；D. in need困难中的。根据上文“dropped back in
reply”的提示可知：我收到了这张感人的卡片(还有20美元!)作为回报。故选C项。
89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面写着：“很遗憾，我必须通知你，你的亲戚不在这个地址。”。A.
reads写着；B. tells告诉；C. shows表明；D. spreads展开。分析句子结构可知此处it代指上文提到的卡片，
再根据后文“Regretfully I must inform you that your relatives are not located at this address.”可知，是卡片上的
内容，所以应该是卡片写着。故选A项。
90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是9月份买的这栋房子，和以前的房主不熟。A. moved搬家；B. bought
购买；C. designed设计；D. built建造。根据下文“former owners”的提示可知，写卡片的那个人是九月份
买了这个房子。故选B项。
91．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是9月份买的这栋房子，和以前的房主不熟。A. annoyed恼怒的；B.
satisfied满意的；C. mixed混合的；D. acquainted熟悉的。此处是固定搭配be acquainted with sb．含义是：
和某人熟识。根据常识知买卖交易之后两家没有联系，所以不熟。故选D项。
92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在不知情的情况下打开了误寄给他们的信封，现在把邀请退回给你。A.
addressed 写(收信人)姓名地址；B. attached 固定；C. limited 限制；D. exposed 暴露。根据前文“I
unknowingly opened the envelope”可知，“我”无意中打开了写给他们的信封。address to sb．为固定搭配，
意为“写给某人的”。故选A项。
93．考查名词词义辨析。意：我在不知情的情况下打开了误寄给他们的信封，现在把邀请退回给你。A.
invitation邀请；B. ticket票；C. envelope信封；D. stamp邮票。根据前文“A student who was preparing to
graduate from school sent out invitations to her family in the hope they would be able to attend on the day.”可知，
学生寄了邀请给亲戚，然后“我”无意中打开了写给他们的信封，现在“我”把毕业邀请寄回给你。故选
A项。
94． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认识你，但我为你在STEM领域追求事业感到骄傲。A. understand理
解；B. know认识；C. love爱；D. influence影响。根据上文“The stranger’s sheart-warming act”的提示可知，
两人是不认识的。故选B项。
95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不认识你，但我为你在STEM领域追求事业感到骄傲。A. tired疲倦的；
B. ashamed惭愧的；C. scared害怕的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下文“US women have a lot of work to do totake our place in science．”的提示可知，“我”为你在STEM领域追求职业感到骄傲。故选D项。
96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这张贺卡的图片获得了数百条评论，人们对这一暖心的举动感到惊讶。A.
made制造；B. won赢得；C. gained获得；D. passed通过。根据下文“One said”和“A second said”的提示
可知人们纷纷留言，获得了很多评论。故选C项。
97．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这张贺卡的图片获得了数百条评论，人们对这一暖心的举动感到惊讶。
A. relieved释然的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. terrified极度惊慌的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“the heart-
warming act”可知，陌生人回信这一举动非常暖心，所以人们感到惊讶。故选B项。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使我脸上露出了笑容。A. picture图画；B. flower花；C. tear眼泪；D.
smile微笑。根据上文“happily”的提示可知，它给“我”带来了微笑。故选D项。
99．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从一个陌生人那里得到的是多么美好和善良的行为啊。A. stranger陌生人；
B. engineer工程师；C. professor教授；D. student学生。根据上文的提示“The stranger’s heart-warming act
was posted on Reddit”可知是从陌生人处得到美好和善良的行为。故选A项。
100．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人真是太好了。A. mean吝啬的；B. wonderful令人赞叹的；C.
selfish自私的；D. brave勇敢的。据人们对于卡片的反应可以看出，人们对于这种暖心的行为是赞扬的，
所以此空的意思是：第二个人说“有些人真是太棒了。”。故选B项。
（2022·四川遂宁·模拟预测）
Beginning to learn gymnastics even before she could barely walk, Svetlana had always dreamed to enter the
Olympics scene some day.
However, her ____101____ ended in the car on the winding road when a lorry appeared out of nowhere. The
last thing she ____102____ was a blinding flash of light. In hospital, when told she would never ____103____
again, she couldn’t believe it. Three months later, she was ____104____ out of hospital on a wheelchair. Then a
friend came to her house to visit her with an old Child’s storybook. A bookmark in it made her ____105____ to
page 117. The name of the ____106____ was ‘The Day Clara walked’. She was determined to return to stage
whatever it might cost.
____107____, after a year’s hard exercise, Svetlana ____108____ and was able to display her gymnastics.
While she was sitting on the green bench ____109____ the Athens Stadium, memories ____110____: first, the
pain and the tears, the book under her pillow, the words of relatives full of advice and comfort, and the pity in those
eyes that had once held ____111____ for her talent. Then followed the trips to the gym where everyone looked
on ____112____, their disbelief transforming slowly to wonder, ____113____ she could balance the hoop (健身
圈) as well as her teammates. She registered for the Olympic Games and finally she received ____114____ from
the Olympic Committee.
Her ____115____ was interrupted by the attendant who said, “It’s time”, two words that she had been
____116____ to hear for so long. Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium, each____117____ firm and
steady. Everything was ____118____, and the applause rang loud in her ears, her heart hammering violently
against her chest.
Later that night, Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket and placed it on the old ____119____ on the
shelf, which opened to page 117, to the chapter ‘The Day Clara Walked’, tears ____120____ her vision.101．A．intention B．career C．life D．dream
102．A．experienced B．forgot C．remembered D．suffered
103．A．walk B．dance C．sing D．see
104．A．rocked B．wheeled C．thrown D．rushed
105．A．open B．relate C．point D．adapt
106．A．bookmark B．chapter C．story D．page
107．A．Suddenly B．Definitely C．Surprisingly D．Certainly
108．A．walked up B．got up C．picked up D．grew up
109．A．opposite B．inside C．beneath D．outside
110．A．flooded in B．faded away C．mixed up D．came out
111．A．fright B．sympathy C．admiration D．regret
112．A．cheerfully B．thankfully C．nervously D．doubtfully
113．A．until B．as C．while D．once
114．A．approval B．praise C．support D．access
115．A．plan B．sight C．attempt D．thought
116．A．content B．upset C．eager D．proud
117．A．breath B．wave C．step D．look
118．A．unexpected B．perfect C．awful D．finished
119．A．hoop B．book C．letter D．dress
120．A．clouding B．filling C．rolling D．rushing
【答案】
101．D 102．C 103．A 104．B 105．A
106．B 107．C 108．C 109．D 110．A
111．C 112．D 113．B 114．A 115．D
116．C 117．C 118．B 119．B 120．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Svetlana在蹒跚学步之前就开始学习体操，从那时起她就梦想着有
一天能够亲临奥运会现场参赛。然而，这个梦想被一场突如其来的车祸打碎了。但是最终通过她的不懈努
力，她重返赛场并夺得金牌。
101．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当一辆卡车不知从何处出现时，她的梦想在蜿蜒的道路上的汽车
里结束了。A. intention意图；B. career职业；C. life生命；D. dream梦想。根据文章第一段中的“Svetlana
had always dreamed to enter the Olympics scene some day”可知，这里应指Svetlana的“梦想”破灭。故选D
项。
102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她记得的最后一件事是一道耀眼的闪光。A. experienced经历；B. forgot
忘记；C. remembered记得；D. suffered遭受。由前文“ended in the car ”以及句意可知，故事的主人翁遇上
了车祸，在昏迷之前她只“记得”灯光的一闪。故选C项。103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，当被告知她再也不会走路时，她简直不敢相信。A. walk步行；
B. dance跳舞；C. sing唱；D. see看见。根据下文“on a wheelchair”可推断，她当时应该是不能“走”动了。
故选A项。
104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，她坐轮椅出院。A. rocked轻轻摇晃；B. wheeled推(或拉)有轮
之物；C. thrown抛出；D. rushed极速行驶。根据下文“on a wheelchair”可推断，她是被用轮椅“推”了出
来。故选B项。
105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：书中的一个书签让她打开了第117页。A. open打开；B. relate联系；C.
point指出；D. adapt适应。由后文“which opened to page 117”可知，这里指在里面的一张书签使到她把书
本“打开”到117页。故选A项。
106．考查名词词义辨析。句意：章节的名字是“克拉拉走路的日子”。A. bookmark书签；B. chapter章节；
C. story故事；D. page页。由后文“the chapter ‘The Day Clara Walked’”可知，这里指翻到这一“章节”。
故选B项。
107．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，经过一年的艰苦锻炼，Svetlana学会了体操，并能展示她
的体操。A. Suddenly突然地；B. Definitely绝对地；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Certainly当然地。由后
文“was able to display her gymnastics”可知，前文讲的是她由于车祸不能走路了，这却说她恢复了并且能够
展示她的体操，故此这是一个“令人惊讶的”转变。故选C项。
108．考查动词词组辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，经过一年的艰苦锻炼，Svetlana学会了体操，并能展示她
的体操。A. walked up 走上；B. got up 起身；C. picked up 拾取，学会；D. grew up 长大。由前文
“Beginning to learn gymnastics even before she could barely walk”可知，这里表示Svetlana恢复后重新“学
习”体操。故选C项。
109．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当她坐在雅典体育场外的绿色长椅上时，回忆涌进心头。A. opposite
与……相对；B. inside在……内部；C. beneath在下方；D. outside在……外面。根据后文“she walked into
the stadium”可知，她当时还没有进入体育馆的，还是“在外面”，故选D项。
110．考查动词词组辨析。句意：当她坐在雅典体育场外的绿色长椅上时，回忆涌进心头。A. flooded in涌
进；B. faded away消失；C. mixed up混合；D. came out出来。由后文“first, the pain and the tears, the book
under her pillow”可知，Svetlana触景生情，思绪和记忆“涌进”脑海。故选A项。
111．考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，痛苦和泪水，枕头下的书，亲戚们充满建议和安慰的话语，以及那
些曾经对她的才华充满钦佩的眼神中的怜悯。A. fright惊吓；B. sympathy同情；C. admiration钦佩；D.
regret后悔。由前文“Beginning to learn gymnastics even before she could barely walk”可知，由于在她还没有
出车祸以前，她是一个很有潜力的体操运动员，故其他人对她的期望很高，而且也很“钦佩”赞赏她的才
华。故选C项。
112．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后去了体育馆，每个人都怀疑地看着她，他们的不相信慢慢地转变为
奇迹，因为她能像队友一样平衡健身圈。A. cheerfully高兴地；B. thankfully感激地；C. nervously紧张地；
D. doubtfully怀疑地。由后文“their disbelief”可知，刚开始每个人都不相信她，对她充满“怀疑”。故选
D项。
113．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然后去了体育馆，每个人都怀疑地看着她，他们的不相信慢慢地转变为
奇迹，因为她能像队友一样平衡健身圈。 A. until直到；B. as因为；C. while当……时； D. once一旦。由后文“she could balance the hoop (健身圈) as well as her teammates.”以及结合语境可知，前后两句有因果
关系，此处用as作为连词，意思是“因为”。故选B项。
114．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她报名参加了奥运会，最后她得到了奥委会的批准。A. approval批准；B.
praise赞扬；C. support支持；D. access通道。根据“finally”一词可得到提示，功夫不负有心人，她的努力
终于得到了回报，奥委会“批准”了她的申请。故选A项。
115．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的思绪被服务员打断了，服务员说：“是时候了”，这两个字她已经
很久没听到了。A. plan计划；B. sight视线； C. attempt尝试；D. thought思绪。由前文“memories 1 0
”可知，前文提及她当时是在回想以前的事，由此句中interrupted一词可知，当时她的“思绪”被打断了。
故选D项。
116．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的思绪被护理者打断了，服务员说：“是时候了”，这两个字她已
经很久没听到了。A. content满意的；B. upset伤心的；C. eager急切的，渴望的；D. proud自豪的。由前文
“She registered for the Olympic Games”可知，她渴望重新进入奥运赛场，故“It’s time”这个宣布比赛开始
的句子也是她一直“渴望”听到的。故选C项。
117．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她捋了捋衣服，走进体育场，每一步骤都坚定而稳健。A. breath呼吸；B.
wave波；C. step步骤；D. look看。由前文“learn gymnastics ”可知，作为体操运动员上台表演，按常理应
该指是每一“步骤”很稳。故选C项。
118．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很完美，掌声在她耳边响起，她的心猛烈地撞击着胸膛。A.
unexpected意外的；B. perfect完美的；C. awful可怕的；D. finished已完成的。根据后文的“the applause
rang loud”可得到提示，她的表现是“完美的”。故选B项。
119．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当晚晚些时候，Svetlana从口袋里掏出金牌，放在书架上的旧书上，这本
书打开到第117页，是“克拉拉走路的日子”一章，泪水模糊了她的视线。A. hoop圈；B. book书；C.
letter字母；D. dress连衣裙。由前文“with an old Child’s storybook”和后文“which opened to page 117, to the
chapter ‘The Day Clara Walked’”可知，这里指的是前文提到的“书”。故选B项。
120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当晚晚些时候，Svetlana从口袋里掏出金牌，放在书架上的旧书上，这本
书打开到第117页，是“克拉拉走路的日子”一章，泪水模糊了她的视线。A. clouding使模糊；B. filling
填充；C. rolling滚动；D. rushing极速行驶。由前文“the gold medal”可知，当她最终获奖后，再次看到了
那个章节的时候，她受到感动了，故眼泪“模糊”了她的视线。故选A项。
