文档内容
专题 05 完形填空（20 空）
全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅。从选
材到试题的设置都呈现出＂稳中有变＂的特点：
1. 题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，
读后
能给考生带来心灵的启迪。且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教
育意义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。
2. 文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为250词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设
置20个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选
项， 很少涉及纯语法知识试题。
3. 稳定中有变化：近几年高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。
题型解读：
记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所
说的五个" W "( what, who, when, where, why )和一个" H "( how )。记叙文的重点在于"述说"和"描写"，因此
一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。
1. 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳
所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者，使人读后感到真实可信，如身临其境。
如：
The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I
was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it.
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之
外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman
walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with
her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea.
2. 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变
化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3. 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。
顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，
读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使
读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄
巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4. 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概
括说明到具体叙述时。
(2022 全国甲卷)You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___21___ was nearly enough to keep
my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___22___ . When I first dated Steve, I ___23___
he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___24___ that he was an animal lover, I ___25___ that three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___26___ , the cat.
The next week we ___27___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___28___ ,
Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___29___ ? He poured water from
a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. _____30_____ , I began to fall for him.
We _____31_____ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had
an operation on her _____32_____ . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly _____33_____
climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve _____34_____ his house. All worked _____35_____ .
The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, _____36_____ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team
_____37_____ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my _____38_____ , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He
did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I _____39_____ him to. That’s only for giving _____40_____ to the dogs thatbrought us together.
21. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
22. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice
23. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned
24. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled
25. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted
26. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
27. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed
28. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination
29. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real
30. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment
31. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended
32. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg
33. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly
34. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched
35. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free
36. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered
37. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling
38. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage
39. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
40. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作
者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫
把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，
一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
21. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有权；B.
membership会员；C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living
with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗
狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C项。
22. 【答案】 A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；B. expectations
期望；C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and
offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可
知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，
可得出刚开始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。
23. 【答案】 D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只
名叫Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first
dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史
蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。
24. 【答案】 B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，
我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled刺激
的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年
和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选B项。
25. 【答案】 B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我
的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的
“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗
可能会攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，
作者是担忧的。故选B项。
26. 【答案】 A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我
的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Molly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中
动物名词。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”
可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A项。
27. 【答案】 B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；C.
bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一
起遛狗。故选B项。28. 【答案】 A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平
衡；C. attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的
日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口
气)。 故选A项。
29. 【答案】 C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确定的；C. soon
很快的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可
知，二人才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C项。
30. 【答案】 D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；B. In that
case那样的话；C. By all means务必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle
into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for
him (我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂
夫产生好感。故选D项。
31. 【答案】 A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续；B.
decided决定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，
作者对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。
32. 【答案】 D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear
耳朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心
Tilly爬楼梯会重新打开伤口)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D
项。
33. 【答案】 B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会重新打开伤口。A.
secretly秘密地；B. constantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the
dogs out four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）
要不断地爬楼梯。故选B项。
34. 【答案】 A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sold卖；C. suggested建
议；D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友，可
得出史蒂夫离开了他的房子，和作者一起居住。故选A项。
35. 【答案】 C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine好的；D. free自
由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good
team (史蒂夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，
作者和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C项。
36. 【答案】 B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和
我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占据；D. discovered发
现。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a
pack that, with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫
的猫Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识
可知，此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B项。
37. 【答案】 B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和
我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。由上
文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住
后，和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。
38. 【答案】 A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我
求婚。A. delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺点。由下文的“this man produced
a little box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者
求婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。
39. 【答案】 C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need
需要；D. aid帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，
但史蒂夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C项。
40. 【答案】 D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards奖励；
C. food食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.
10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把
水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举
动让二人走到了一起。故选D项。
在记叙文类完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法
和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。
1. 读透首句，掌握主旨
重视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都会用一句话点明
人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结论，所
以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文章内在联系的＂突破口＂。
2. 跳空速读全文，掌握中心
速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙文的要素，如：
时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。
3. 身临其境，故事重构
采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，体会人物的心
情，推理故事的发展，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，才
能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。
4. 关注末段，注意感想
最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适的形容词、副词、
动词或名词等。
5. 浏览全文，复查核定
根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点是：
（1）语意是否前后一致；
（2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；
（3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构；
（4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。Close 1
（2023·河南郑州·郑州外国语学校校考模拟预测）A LETTER TO MY NEIGHBOUR
You have always been reserved, polite neighbors who kept to yourselves. You have the best house in the
____1____ —the one at the end that has an old apple tree that was there before the houses were ____2____. The
legacy of the apple tree is great, and you’ve always ____3____ your fruit with me and my children.
It ____4____ fruit from September to January, which is a ____5____ resource. As a single parent facing a
tight ____6____, I welcome the healthy food of free, keeping me and my children in dessert fare for months
____7____. You said that mostly you ____8____ to take the apples home, because people didn’t want to
____9____ the work to clean and prepare them. I still can’t get my head around that.
I once started to _____10_____ how much it would cost if I had bought the apples you gave me from the
supermarket _____11_____. I stopped when I realized that it would have been a luxury I couldn’t _____12_____.
I gave you apple pie as a Christmas thank you, but there’s no way that was _____13_____.
Over the years your apples have been turned into _____14_____ apple sauce and the main part in the
homemade pie that _____15_____ the hearts and stomachs of my family.
It _____16_____ me recently that you probably don’t realize how much you contribute to our comfortable
home, with so much _____17_____ and unrest in our past. It’s a fundamental _____18_____ of mothers to feed
their children, and I’m able to express this at least in _____19_____ because of you. I think that as my kids
become adults, they’ll remember ups and downs, but also good food from the _____20_____. So thank you from
all of us: a struggling household.
1．A．universe B．field C．row D．valley
2．A．built B．appeared C．painted D．removed
3．A．divided B．shared C．provided D．delivered
4．A．picks B．obtains C．harvests D．bears
5．A．natural B．precious C．unique D．unforgettable
6．A．issue B．schedule C．budget D．relationship
7．A．at most B．on average C．at all D．on end
8．A．desired B．struggled C．agreed D．forgot
9．A．put in B．put off C．put down D．put up10．A．remember B．guess C．calculate D．recall
11．A．though B．otherwise C．anyway D．instead
12．A．bargain B．resist C．possess D．afford
13．A．proper B．easy C．perfect D．enough
14．A．common B．sour C．delicious D．cheap
15．A．froze B．stole C．won D．melted
16．A．struck B．convinced C．occurred D．informed
17．A．fortune B．disaster C．hurt D．warmth
18．A．right B．drive C．tradition D．cause
19．A．part B．fact C．vain D．all
20．A．kitchen B．shelter C．restaurant D．market
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．D 13．D 14．C
15．C 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。这是作者写给邻居的感谢信，作者情真意切地表达了自己对邻居的感激之情。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的房子是这一排房子里最好的——那幢房子的尽头有一棵老苹果树，在
房子建起来之前就在那里了。A. universe宇宙；B. field田野；C. row一排、街；D. valley山谷。根据“You
have the best house in the ____1____”可知，此处应指“这一排房子里最好的”，row符合语境。故选C项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的房子是这一排房子里最好的——那幢房子的尽头有一棵老苹果树，在
房子建起来之前就在那里了。A. built建造；B. appeared出现；C. painted粉刷；D. removed搬迁、迁移。
根据“the one at the end that has an old apple tree that was there before the houses were ____2____ .”可知，此
处应指“在房子建起来之前”，built符合语境。故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：苹果树的遗产是伟大的，你总是与我和我的孩子们分享你的果实。A.
divided分开、分散；B. shared分享；C. provided提供；D. delivered递送、发表。根据下文“As a single
parent facing a tight ____6____ , I welcome the healthy food of free”可知，此处应指总是与我们“分享”你的
果实，shared符合语境。故选B项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它在9月到1月间结果，是一种珍贵的资源。A. picks取、采摘；B. obtains
获得；C. harvests收获、收割；D. bears运送、结果。根据“It ____4____ fruit from September to January,
which is a ____5____ resource.”可知，此处应指“在9月到1月间结果”，bears符合语境。故选D项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它在9月到1月间结果，是一种珍贵的资源。A. natural自然的；B.precious宝贵的、珍贵的；C. unique独特的、独一无二的；D. unforgettable难以忘怀的。根据上文“The
legacy of the apple tree is great, and you’ve always ____3____ your fruit with me and my children.”可知，苹果
树的遗产是伟大的，由此可知，这是一种“珍贵的”资源，precious符合语境。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个预算紧张的单亲父母，我欢迎免费的健康食品，让我和孩子们连
续几个月吃甜点。A. issue议题、事件；B. schedule计划表、进度表；C. budget预算；D. relationship关系。
根据后面的“I welcome the healthy food of free”可知，欢迎免费的健康食物，说明经济预算紧张，budget符
合语境。故选C项。
7．考查短语辨析。句意：作为一个预算紧张的单亲父母，我欢迎免费的健康食品，让我和孩子们连续几
个月吃甜点。A. at most至多；B. on average平均；C. at all究竟；D. on end连续地。根据“keeping me and
my children in dessert fare for months ____7____.”可知，此处应指“连续几个月”，on end符合语境。故选
D项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你说大部分时间你都在挣扎于是否把苹果带回家，因为家里人不愿意花功
夫清洗和准备苹果。A. desired渴望；B. struggled挣扎；C. agreed同意；D. forgot忘记。根据“because
people didn’t want to ____9____ the work to clean and prepare them”可知，家里人不愿意清洗和准备苹果，
由此可推知，此处指“挣扎于是否带回家”，struggled符合语境。故选B项。
9．考查短语辨析。句意：你说大部分时间你都在挣扎于是否把苹果带回家，因为家里人不愿意花功夫清
洗和准备苹果。A. put in提出、投入时间、种植；B. put off推迟、阻止；C. put down着陆、写下；D. put
up提供、提高、举起。根据“because people didn’t want to ____9____ the work to clean and prepare them”可
知，此处指不愿“投入时间”来清洗和准备，put in符合语境。故选A项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经开始计算，如果我从超市买了你给我的苹果，要花多少钱。A.
remember记住；B. guess猜测；C. calculate计算；D. recall记起、回忆起。根据后面的“how much it would
cost”可知，此处指“计算”要花多少钱，calculate符合语境。故选C项。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我曾经开始计算，如果我从超市买了你给我的苹果，要花多少钱。A.
though虽然、尽管；B. otherwise否则、不然；C. anyway无论如何、不管怎样；D. instead相反。根据“I
once started to ____10____ how much it would cost if I had bought the apples you gave me from the
supermarket ____11____ .”可知，此处是假设从超市买的苹果，而不是免费的，与前面“免费”为相反相对
的逻辑关系，应用instead。故选D项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到这将是一种我负担不起的奢侈品时，我停了下来。A. bargain讨
价还价；B. resist阻挡、抵制；C. possess拥有、持有；D. afford买得起、承担得起。根据前面的“it would
have been a luxury”可知，此处指“负担不起”的奢侈品，afford符合语境。故选D项。13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给了你苹果派作为圣诞礼物，但这远远不够。A. proper正确的、合适
的、适当的；B. easy容易的；C. perfect完美的；D. enough足够的。根据“I gave you apple pie as a
Christmas thank you, but there’s no way that was ____13____ .”可知，虽然给了苹果派作为圣诞礼物，但这远
远“不够”，enough符合语境。故选D项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，你的苹果已经变成了美味的苹果酱和自制派的主要部分，赢
得了我家人的心和胃。A. common共同的、常见的、普遍的；B. sour酸的、不友善的、脾气坏的；C.
delicious美味的；D. cheap便宜的。根据后面的“apple sauce and the main part in the homemade pie
that ____15____ the hearts and stomachs of my family.”可知，此处指“美味的”苹果酱和自制派，delicious
符合语境。故选C项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，你的苹果已经变成了美味的苹果酱和自制派的主要部分，赢得
了我家人的心和胃。A. froze冻结、凝固；B. stole偷窃、盗窃；C. won赢得；D. melted融化。根据“Over
the years your apples have been turned into ____14____ apple sauce and the main part in the homemade pie
that ____15____ the hearts and stomachs of my family.”可知，既然是美味的苹果酱和自制派，说明它们俘获
了作者家人的心，此处won符合语境。故选C项。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近我突然意识到，你可能没有意识到你为我们舒适的家做出了多少贡献，
我们过去有那么多的伤害和动荡。A. struck打、碰撞、使……突然想到；B. convinced说服、劝服；C.
occurred发生、突然想到；D. informed通知、告知。根据“It ____16____ me recently that you probably
don’t realize how much you contribute to our comfortable home”可知，此处指“突然想到”，struck符合语境。
occur为不及物动词，表示“突然想到时”，需与to连用。故选A项。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近我突然意识到，你可能没有意识到你为我们舒适的家做出了多少贡献，
我们过去有那么多的伤害和动荡。A. fortune命运、财富；B. disaster灾难；C. hurt伤害；D. warmth温暖。
根据“with so much ____17____ and unrest in our past”以及下文的“they’ll remember ups and downs”可知，
此处指过去有那么多“伤害和动荡”，此处只有hurt能与unrest并列。故选C项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：喂养孩子是母亲的本能，我能表达这一点至少部分是因为你们。A. right权
利、公正；B. drive强烈欲望、本能；C. tradition传统；D. cause原因。根据“It’s a
fundamental ____18____ of mothers to feed their children”可知，此处指“喂养孩子是母亲的本能”，drive
符合语境。故选B项。
19．考查固定搭配。句意：喂养孩子是母亲的基本动力，我能表达这一点至少部分是因为你们。A. part部
分；B. fact事实；C. vain徒劳的；D. all全部。根据“I’m able to express this at least in ____19____ because
of you”可知，此处应指“部分是因为你们”，in part为固定短语，表示“部分”；in fact表示“事实上”；in vain表示“徒劳”；in all表示“总共”，此处part符合语境。故选A项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想当我的孩子长大后，他们会记得起起伏伏，但也会记得厨房里的美食。
A. kitchen厨房；B. shelter居所、避难所；C. restaurant餐厅；D. market市场。根据“they’ll remember ups
and downs, but also good food from the ____20____”可知，此处指“厨房里的美食”，kitchen符合语境。故
选A项。
Close
（2023·黑龙江大庆·统考一模）Michael J. Weirsky is a 54-year-old man who had been out of work for over
a year. Despite the fact that he had been ____1____ and had failed to even get a(n) ____2____, Weirsky would
buy two lottery tickets (彩票) every week.
One day, Weirsky stopped at a QuickChek gas station to____3____ a lottery ticket. However, after Weirsky
got the ticket, he ____4____ received a call and he put the ticket down. After he answered the call, Weirsky left
the gas station without ____5____ that he didn’t have his ticket. When he finally got home, he realized that his
lottery ticket was ____6____. He looked everywhere for it, but he didn’t ____7____ anything, making him very
____8____.
Eventually, Weirsky made the ____9____ to go back to the QuickChek. ______10______, the store clerk
told Weirsky that someone had actually found and ______11______ a ticket. After making sure that Weirsky
really was the person who lost the ticket, she ______12______ it to him.
“I was very ______13______ that there was an honest person out there because I thought it was gone,”
Weirsky said. Two days later, Weirsky checked the lottery app on his phone. To his ______14______, he actually
had the winning lottery ticket. “I ______15______ $273 million,” Weirsky told his mother. At that point, Weirsky
was still completely in ______16______. Then he left his home to scan the ticket at a store nearby.
Sure enough, the scan ______17______ that Weirsky had the winning ticket to the $273 million lottery. After
careful ______18______, Weirsky decided to find the good man that returned his lottery ticket to him instead of
taking it. “I’ve got to find him and ______19______ him,” Weirsky said. “I am going to give him something, but I
will keep that ______20______,” he added.
1．A．lonely B．unemployed C．retired D．homeless2．A．break B．opportunity C．interview D．competition
3．A．seek B．check C．borrow D．purchase
4．A．suddenly B．occasionally C．regularly D．gradually
5．A．warning B．imagining C．realizing D．forgetting
6．A．overdue B．torn C．dirty D．missing
7．A．hear B．recall C．find D．prepare
8．A．upset B．excited C．frightened D．relaxed
9．A．assumption B．decision C．rule D．challenge
10．A．Similarly B．Unwillingly C．Fortunately D．Strangely
11．A．stolen B．lent C．hidden D．returned
12．A．recommended B．handed C．sold D．showed
13．A．grateful B．certain C．angry D．doubtful
14．A．relief B．surprise C．sorrow D．disappointment
15．A．discovered B．raised C．won D．owed
16．A．debt B．trouble C．fear D．shock
17．A．confirmed B．predicted C．promised D．believed
18．A．investigation B．research C．examination D．consideration
19．A．question B．thank C．value D．recognize
20．A．private B．forever C．romantic D．worthwhile
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B
15．C 16．D 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了迈克尔·J·威尔斯基往常一样购买了两张彩票，却忘在了彩票站。
回去找回彩票后发现自己中了大奖，他非常高兴，并决定要找到那个将彩票归还给他的好心人的故事。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他失业了，甚至连面试的机会都没有，威尔斯基还是每周买两张彩
票。A. lonely孤独的；B. unemployed失业的；C. retired退休的；D. homeless无家可归的。根据“Michael
J. Weirsky is a 54-year-old man who had been out of work for over a year.”可知，迈克尔·J·威尔斯基已经失业了。
故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他失业了，甚至连面试的机会都没有，威尔斯基还是每周买两张彩票。
A. break休息；B. opportunity机会；C. interview面试；D. competition竞争。根据“Despite the fact that hehad been ____1____”可知，威尔斯基不但失业，连面试的机会都没有。故选C。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，威尔斯基在一家QuickChek加油站停下来买彩票。A. seek寻找；B.
check检查；C. borrow借来；D. purchase购买。根据“Weirsky would buy two lottery tickets (彩票) every
week.”可知，威尔斯基在一家加油站买彩票。故选D。
4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在威尔斯基拿到彩票后，他突然接到一个电话，他把彩票放下了。
A. suddenly突然；B. occasionally偶尔地；C. regularly有规律地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据“However,
after Weirsky got the ticket,”可知，威尔斯基买完彩票后突然接到一个电话。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接完电话后，威尔斯基离开了加油站，没有意识到他没有带票。A. warning
警告；B. imagining想象；C. realizing意识到；D. forgetting忘记。根据“that he didn’t have his ticket.”和
“When he finally got home, he realized that his lottery ticket was ____6____.”可知，威尔斯基离开时，没有意
识到没有拿买的彩票。故选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他终于回到家时，他意识到他的彩票不见了。A. overdue过期的；B.
torn破碎的；C. dirty脏的；D. missing失踪的；不在的。根据“After he answered the call, Weirsky left the
gas station without ____5____ that he didn’t have his ticket.”可知，因为没有拿彩票，所以回家时发现彩票不
在了。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他到处找，但什么也没找到，这让他很沮丧。A. hear听到；B. recall回忆；
C. find发现；D. prepare准备。根据“He looked everywhere for it,”和转折词but可知，威尔斯基到处找彩票，
但没有发现。故选C。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他到处找，但什么也没找到，这让他很沮丧。A. upset心烦的；沮丧的；
B. excited激动的；C. frightened害怕的；D. relaxed放松的。根据“He looked everywhere for it, but he didn’t
____7____ anything,”可知，因为找不到彩票，所以威尔斯基很沮丧。选A。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，威尔斯基决定回到QuickChek。A. assumption假定；B. decision决定；
C. rule规则；D. challenge挑战。根据“He looked everywhere for it, but he didn’t ____7____ anything,”可知，
因为哪里都找不到彩票，所以威尔斯基决定回到买彩票的地方去找。故选B。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，店员告诉威尔斯基，有人发现了一张彩票，并把彩票归还了。
A. Similarly相似地；B. Unwillingly不情愿地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据“the store
clerk told Weirsky that someone had actually found and _____11_____ a ticket.”可知，威尔斯基找到了丢失的彩
票，所以是幸运的。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，店员告诉威尔斯基，有人发现了一张彩票，并把彩票归还了。
A. stolen偷；B. lent借出；C. hidden隐藏；D. returned归还。根据“After careful _____18_____, Weirskydecided to find the good man that returned his lottery ticket to him instead of taking it.”可知，有人发现了威尔斯
基丢失的彩票并归还了给店员。故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在确定威尔斯基真的是丢彩票的人之后，她把彩票递给了他。A.
recommended推荐；B. handed递交；C. sold卖；D. showed展示。根据“After making sure that Weirsky
really was the person who lost the ticket,”可知，店员把彩票递交给威尔斯基。故选B。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激有一个诚实的人在那里，因为我以为它已经丢失了，”威尔斯
基说。A. grateful感激的；B. certain确定的；C. angry生气的；D. doubtful可疑的。根据“there was an
honest person out there because I thought it was gone,”可知，威尔斯基感激归还彩票的那个人。故选A。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，他竟然中了彩票。A. relief安慰；B. surprise惊讶；C.
sorrow悲伤；D. disappointment失望。根据“he actually had the winning lottery ticket.”可知，威尔斯基中了
大奖，令他很惊讶。故选B。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我赢了2.73亿美元，”威尔斯基告诉他的母亲。A. discovered发现；B.
raised提高；C. won赢得；D. owed欠。根据“To his _____14_____, he actually had the winning lottery
ticket.”可知，威尔斯基赢得了彩票大奖。故选C。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，威尔斯基仍然完全处于震惊之中。A. debt债务；B. trouble麻烦；
C. fear害怕；D. shock震惊。根据““I _____15_____ $273 million,” Weirsky told his mother.”可知，威尔斯
基对自己中大奖很震惊。故选D。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：果然，扫描结果证实威尔斯基中了2.73亿美元的彩票。A. confirmed证实；
B. predicted预测；C. promised答应；D. believed相信。根据“Then he left his home to scan the ticket at a
store nearby.”可知，买彩票的地方扫描证实了威尔斯基确实中了大奖。故选A。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过慎重考虑，威尔斯基决定去找那个把彩票还给他而不是自己拿走的好
人。A. investigation调查；B. research研究；C. examination检查；D. consideration考虑。根据“Weirsky
decided to find the good man that returned his lottery ticket to him instead of taking it.”可知，威尔斯基经过慎重
考虑，决定去找归还彩票的人。选D。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一定要找到他并感谢他，”威尔斯基说，“我会给他一些东西，但我会
保密。”A. question询问；B. thank感谢；C. value珍惜；D. recognize承认。根据“Weirsky decided to find
the good man that returned his lottery ticket to him instead of taking it.”可知，威尔斯基要感谢归还彩票的人。
故选B。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一定要找到他并感谢他，”威尔斯基说，“我会给他一些东西，但我
会保密。”A. private秘密的；B. forever永远的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. worthwhile值得的。根据“I amgoing to give him something,”可知，威尔斯基会给归还彩票的那个人一些东西，但是保密。故选A。
Close 2
（2022·天津南开·统考一模）My daughter was being thrown out of the sixth grade. The teacher said, “She
may not be ____21____ what we’re trying to accomplish.” He was ____22____ saying she didn’t have the
____23____. I got mad because I knew she was smart, just as my father had known about me when I was
____24____ in school. We had her ____25____ and found that the troubles she was having were exactly what I
had had — dyslexia (诵读困难症). By then I was a ____26____ television writer, and had won an Emmy Award
for “The Rockford Files. ”
If I had known earlier that something beyond my ____27____ could explain why I was a low ____28____, I
may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s. I was working for no other reason than to hear people
____29____ me, because I did _____30_____ in all my courses.
I once asked a friend who always got an A, “How long did you study for this?” He said, “I didn’t. I just
_____31_____ it.” So he must be smarter. “What if I’m not good at anything?” I began to ask. Despite my
_____32_____, I did become successful, and people now say to me, “So you’ve. _____33_____ dyslexia.”
No, I don’t. I learn to _____34_____ it. I _____35_____ dialing a phone if possible, because I sometimes
have to try many times to get the number right.
Despite my weaknesses, I view dyslexia as a(n) _____36_____. Many dyslexics are good at right-brain,
abstract thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is.
I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day. Writing is my _____37_____.
The real _____38_____ I have for dyslexic children is not they have to _____39_____ in school, but that
they will be quitters before they get out of school. Parents have to create _____40_____ for them, whether it’s
music. sports or art. You can make your dyslexic child able to say. “Yeah, reading is hard. But I have other things I
can do.”
21．A．content with B．used to C．equal to D．familiar with
22．A．hardly B．actually C．partly D．merely
23．A．intelligence B．confidence C．preference D．independence
24．A．failing B．paying C．changing D．crying
25．A．recorded B．questioned C．tested D．saved
26．A．terrible B．successful C．traditional D．typical
27．A．ability B．appreciation C．recognition D．control28．A．survivor B．achiever C．performer D．observer
29．A．believe B．call C．praise D．remind
30．A．actively B．badly C．slowly D．willingly
31．A．glanced at B．made up for C．gave up on D．put up with
32．A．doubts B．pains C．dreams D．sacrifices
33．A．overlooked B．confirmed C．overcome D．realized
34．A．keep up with B．compensate for C．hold on to D．make use of
35．A．repeat B．enjoy C．risk D．avoid
36．A．adventure B．pleasure C．gift D．warn
37．A．purpose B．challenge C．contribution D．strength
38．A．fear B．joy C．favor D．respect
39．A．struggle B．study C．achieve D．play
40．A．surprises B．victories C．imaginations D．competitions
【答案】
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．A 33．
C 34．B 35．D 36．C 37．D 38．A 39．A 40．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述被女儿老师告知自己的女儿跟不上学习进度的故事，结合自己的
经历，表示担心有阅读困难的孩子在离开学校之前就会自行放弃，指出父母必须为孩子创造成功的案例。
21．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：老师说：“她可能达不到我们想要达到的目标”。 A. be content with
对……满意；B. be used to习惯于……；C. be equal to胜任，等于；D. be familiar with对……熟悉。根据上
文“My daughter was being thrown out of the sixth grade.”（我女儿六年级就被退学了）可知，老师说作者的
女儿可能达不到学校想要达到的目标。故选C项。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他实际上是在说她没有这个智力。A. hardly几乎不；B. actually实际上，
事实上；C. partly部分地；D. merely仅仅，只不过。根据上文讲“女儿被退学”和上文“She may not
be__1__what we’re trying to accomplish.”（她可能达不到我们想要达到的目标）可知，实际上老师是在说作
者女儿没有这个智力。故选B项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他实际上是在说她没有这个智力。A. intelligence智力；B. confidence自信；
C. preference偏爱；D. independence独立性。根据下文“I got mad because I knew she was smart”可知，作者
知道女儿很聪明，可是老师在说她没有这个智力。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，因为我知道她很聪明，就像我父亲知道我在学校不及格时一样。A. failing不及格；B. paying支付；C. changing改变；D. crying哭泣。根据上文“I got mad”可知，就像我父
亲知道我在学校不及格时感到很生气一样。故选A项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们给她做了测验，发现她的问题和我一样——阅读障碍。A. recorded记
录；B. questioned询问；C. tested考验，测验；D. saved节约，救助。根据下文“and found that the troubles
she was having were exactly what I had had-dyslexia”可知，作者给女儿做了测验然后发现女儿患有阅读障碍。
故选C项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，我已是一名成功的电视编剧，凭借《罗克福德档案》获得了艾美
奖。A. terrible令人讨厌的，可怕的；B. successful成功的；C. traditional传统的；D. typical典型的。根据下
文“and had won an Emmy Award for “The Rockford Files.””可知，作者那时已是一名成功的电视编剧。故选
B项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我早知道一些我无法控制的事情可以解释为什么我是一个低成就者，
我可能就不会在我快30岁和30岁出头的时候那么努力工作了。A. ability能力；B. appreciation欣赏；C.
recognition辨认；D. control控制。根据上文“the troubles she was having were exactly what I had had-
dyslexia”可知，作者患有阅读障碍，这是作者无法控制的事情。故选D项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我早知道一些我无法控制的事情可以解释为什么我是一个低成就者，
我可能就不会在我快30岁和30岁出头的时候那么努力工作了。A. survivor幸存者；B. achiever获得成功的
人；C. performer表演者；D. observer观察者。根据句中low以及上文讲“作者无法控制的事情——患有阅
读障碍”可知，患有阅读障碍的作者如果不努力，就会成为一个低成就者。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我工作没有别的原因，只是为了听到人们称赞我，因为我所有的课程都很
糟糕。A. believe相信；B. call打电话；C. praise称赞；D. remind提醒。根据上文“to hear people”可知，作
者只是为了听到人们称赞。故选C项。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我工作没有别的原因，只是为了听到人们称赞我，因为我所有的课程都很
糟糕。A. actively活跃地；B. badly糟糕地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. willingly乐意地。根据句中because和上
文的low可知，患有阅读障碍的作者所有的课程都很糟糕。故选B项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“我没有。我只是扫了一眼。”A. glanced at看一下，浏览；B.
made up for弥补；C. gave up on放弃，对……表示绝望；D. put up with忍受。根据上文“I once asked a
friend who always got an A, “How long did you study for this?” He said, “I didn’t.”（我曾经问一个总是得A的
朋友，“你为此学习了多长时间？”他说，“我没有）可知，作者的学习成绩好的朋友得到A并未在学习
上花很多时间，只是扫了一眼。故选A项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我心存疑虑，但我确实取得了成功，人们现在对我说，“你克服了阅读障碍。”A. doubts怀疑；B. pains疼痛；C. dreams梦想；D. sacrifices牺牲。根据上文“What if I’m not
good at anything? I began to ask.”可知，尽管作者心存疑虑，但确实取得了成功。故选A项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我心存疑虑，但我确实取得了成功，人们现在对我说，“你克服了阅
读障碍。”A. overlooked忽略；B. confirmed确认；C. overcome克服；D. realized意识，实现。根据上文
“I did become successful”可知，人们认为作者现在克服了阅读障碍。故选C项。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要学会弥补。A. keep up with赶得上；B. compensate for补偿；C. hold on
to坚持；D. make use of利用。根据下文“I sometimes have to try many times to get the number right.”（我有
时要试很多次才能打对号码）可知，作者通过不断尝试来获得正确的号码，所以通过不断尝试来弥补因患
阅读障碍而带来的差距。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果可能的话，我尽量避免拨打电话，因为有时我不得不多次尝试才能得
到正确的号码。A. repeat重复；B. enjoy享受；C. risk冒险；D. avoid避免。根据下文“I sometimes have to
try many times to get the number right”可知，作者尽量避免拨打电话。故选D项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我有缺点，但我认为阅读障碍是一种天赋。A. adventure冒险；B.
pleasure高兴；C. gift礼物，天赋；D. warn警告。根据下文“Many dyslexics are good at right-brain, abstract
thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is.”（许多阅读障碍者擅长右脑、抽象思维，这就是我的创
造性写作的来源）可知，作者认为阅读障碍是一种天赋。故选C项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：写作是我的强项。A. purpose目的；B. challenge挑战；C. contribution贡献；
D. strength长处，强项。根据上文“I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day.”（我写得很快，一天
最多能写15页）可知，写作是作者的强项。故选D项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对有阅读障碍的孩子真正的恐惧不是他们在学校里挣扎，而是他们在离
开学校之前就自暴自弃。A. fear害怕；B. joy欢乐；C. favor帮助；D. respect尊敬。根据下文“but that they
will be quitters before they get out of school”可知，孩子们会自行放弃，这是作者真正的担心的。故选A项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对有阅读障碍的孩子真正的恐惧不是他们在学校里挣扎，而是他们在离
开学校之前就自暴自弃。A. struggle挣扎；B. study学习；C. achieve获得；D. play玩。根据该句中的“but
that they will be quitters before they get out of school”but转折，故可推知，有阅读障碍的孩子在离开学校之前
在学校里挣扎。故选A项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母必须为孩子创造成功，无论是音乐、体育还是艺术。A. surprises惊喜；
B. victories胜利、成功；C. imaginations想象力；D. competitions竞争。根据下文“You can make your
dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, reading is hard. But I have other things I can do.””（你可以让你的阅读障碍儿
童说。“是的，读书很难。但我还有其他事情可以做。”）可知，父母必须为孩子创造成功。故选B项。Close 3
（2023·江西·校联考模拟预测）There is a Christmas tradition where children sit on Santa’s lap and tell him
their wish lists. However, for Misty Wolf, her son Matthew might not get to have that ____41____.
Matthew was born blind. He never had an ____42____ what Santa looked like, so he never got
____43____whenever they encountered one at the mall.
____44____, when Misty started reading to Matthew ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas, he became interested
in the man in the ____45____ suit. So, when they went to a big mall, Misty had a ____46____ to let Matthew
“see” Santa.
It was a ____47____ time ,like usual. Kids were lining up and excitedly ____48____ for their turn to tell
Santa their wishes and also took a ____49____ with Santa. But just before all that ____50____ Misty walked up
to Santa and ____51____ to him about her son’s condition. Before Misty finished her words,Santa ____52____
and said he knew what to do.
Santa ____53____ in front of Matthew and held his hand. He told Matthew to ____54____ his coat and hat.
Matthew said that he also ____55____ to feel Santa’s “eyes that twinkle”. Santa agreed. He let Matthew’s fingers
____56____ his eyes to see how they twinkled like those in the stories.
“It was such a moving ____57____ that I was moved to tears. You know,Santa is the magic of Christmas,”
Misty said. She posted the ____58____ on the Internet. It has been ____59____ over 106,000 times. People
____60____ Santa for giving joy to all the children and knowing what Christmas was all about.
41．A．adventure B．moment C．style D．subject
42．A．occasion B．inspiration C．idea D．origin
43．A．excited B．shocked C．intelligent D．disappointed
44．A．Moreover B．Regretfully C．Similarly D．However
45．A．red B．normal C．familiar D．worn
46．A．lecture B．performance C．struggle D．wish
47．A．tiring B．busy C．boring D．extreme
48．A．waiting B．asking C．speaking D．looking
49．A．note B．taxi C．photo D．book
50．A．contacted B．took C．followed D．happened
51．A．applied B．admitted C．whispered D．saw
52．A．agreed B．suffered C．rejected D．addicted
53．A．came around B．set out C．made up D．bent down54．A．observe B．instruct C．feel D．volunteer
55．A．pretended B．promised C．refused D．wanted
56．A．connect B．touch C．injure D．master
57．A．play B．campaign C．minute D．summary
58．A．crash B．video C．programme D．clue
59．A．shared B．ended C．served D．rewarded
60．A．suspected B．praised C．blamed D．appealed
【答案】
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．
D 54．C 55．D 56．B 57．C 58．B 59．A 60．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。米斯蒂的儿子马修天生看不见，也从未体会过圣诞节时坐在圣诞老人腿上说着
愿望清单的幸福时刻。有一次当她给儿子读《圣诞前夜》时，马修对圣诞老人很感兴趣，所以她就带着儿
子去“看看”圣诞老人。商场的圣诞老人知道马修的情况后，让他用手感受自己的衣服、帽子和眼睛。这
一感人的瞬间被发布到网上，得到大量转发和点赞。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于米斯蒂·沃尔夫来说，她的儿子马修可能无法拥有那一刻。A.
adventure冒险；B. moment片刻，瞬间；C. style风格；D. subject主题，科目。根据前文“ There is a
Christmas tradition where children sit on Santa’s lap and tell him their wish lists.(有一个圣诞节传统，孩子们坐
在圣诞老人的腿上，告诉他他们的愿望清单。)”和后文“Matthew was born blind.(马修生来就是盲人。)”可
知，马修不能拥有别的孩子坐在圣诞老人腿上诉说愿望的美好瞬间。故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从来不知道圣诞老人长什么样，所以每当他们在购物中心遇到圣诞老人
时，他都不会兴奋。A. occasion场合；B. inspiration灵感，启发；C. idea想法，了解；D. origin起源。根据
前文“Matthew was born blind.(马修生来就是盲人。)”和后文“what Santa looked like(圣诞老人长什么样)”可
知，马修不知道圣诞老人长什么样。Have no idea或者never have an idea表示“不知道，不了解”。故选C
项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他从来不知道圣诞老人长什么样，所以每当他们在购物中心遇到圣诞老
人时，他都不会兴奋。A. excited兴奋的；B. shocked震惊的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. disappointed失望的。
后文“whenever they encountered one at the mall”中one指代Santa，因为马修看不见，所以在商场碰见一个
圣诞老人他也不会兴奋。故选A项。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当米斯蒂开始读《圣诞前夜》给马修听时，马修对那个穿红衣服的人产生了兴趣。A. Moreover此外；B. Regretfully懊悔地C. Similarly相似地；D. However然而。根据后文
“when Misty started reading to Matthew ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas, he became interested in the man(当
米斯蒂开始给马修读《圣诞前夜》时，马修对这个男人产生了兴趣)”可知，马修以前在商场对圣诞拉人不
感兴趣，但是阅读时，他对圣诞老人很感兴趣；与前文构成转折关系。故选D项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当米斯蒂开始读《圣诞前夜》给马修听时，马修对那个穿红衣服
的人产生了兴趣。A. red红色的；B. normal正常的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. worn磨损的，疲惫的。上文
“the man”指代圣诞老人，即穿红色衣服的人。故选A项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当他们去一个大商场时，米斯蒂有一个愿望，让马修“看到”圣诞
老人。A. lecture讲座；B. performance表现，表演；C. struggle挣扎；D. wish愿望。根据后文“to let
Matthew “see” Santa”可知，因为阅读时，儿子岁圣诞老人感兴趣，母亲有了让儿子看看生老人的愿望。故
选D项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个繁忙的时间，像往常一样。A. tiring令人疲倦的；B. busy繁忙
的，热闹的；C. boring令人厌烦的；D. extreme极端的。根据后文“ Kids were lining up (孩子们排着队)”可
知，这时人很多，是一个繁忙的时间。故选B项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们排着队，兴奋地等着轮到圣诞老人告诉他们的愿望，还和圣诞老人
合影留念。A. waiting等待；B. asking要求，问； C. speaking说；D. looking看。根据前文“ Kids were
lining up (孩子们排着队)”可知孩子们排队等待着轮到自己。故选A项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们排着队，兴奋地等着轮到萨妮塔告诉他们的愿望，还和圣诞老人合
影留念。A. note便条；B. taxi出租车；C. photo照片；D. book书。根据前文“for their turn to tell Sanita
their wishes and also took a ”可知孩子们排队等待着说出自己的愿望，并和圣诞老人拍照。故选C项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但就在这一切发生之前，米斯蒂走到圣诞老人面前，低声告诉他她儿子的
情况。A. contacted联系；B. took拿；C. followed跟随；D. happened发生。前文“all that”指说出愿望并合
影，结合前文“before ”和后文“Misty walked up to Santa ”可知，这些事还没发生之前，父亲先走到圣诞老
人的面前。故选D项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但就在这一切发生之前，米斯蒂走到圣诞老人面前，低声告诉他她儿子的
情况。A. applied应用，申请；B. admitted承认，允许（进入）；C. whispered低语；D. saw看见。根据后
文“to him about her son’s condition”可知，父亲悄悄告诉圣诞老人儿子的情况（看不见），此时父亲不想让
儿子和他人听见他说的话。故选C项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：丝蒂的话还没说完，圣诞老人就同意了，并说他知道该怎么做。A. agreed
同意；B. suffered遭受；C. rejected拒绝；D. addicted使上瘾，使沉迷。根据前文“Before Misty finished herwords”和后文“and said he knew what to do”可知，圣诞老人很体贴，知道自己该怎么做，所以她很快同意
了父亲的要求。故选A项。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：圣诞老人在马修面前弯下腰，握着他的手。A. came around来，苏醒；B.
set out出发，开始；C. made up弥补；D. bent down弯下腰。根据后文“in front of Matthew and held his
hand”可知，圣诞老人弯腰握住了马修的手。故选D项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让马修摸摸他的外套和帽子。A. observe观察，遵守，庆祝；B. instruct
指导；C. feel感觉；D. volunteer自愿做。因为马修看不见，结合后文“his coat and hat”可知，圣诞老人让
他（用手）感觉他的外套和帽子。故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马修说，他还想感受圣诞老人“闪烁的眼睛”。A. pretended假装B.
promised许诺；C. refused拒绝；D. wanted想要。结合语境，圣诞老人让马修感觉了自己的衣服和帽子，
根据后文“ feel Santa’s “eyes that twinkle””可知，马修也想感觉一下圣诞老人的闪烁的眼睛。故选D项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让马修的手指捏着他的眼睛，看看它们是如何像故事里的那样闪闪发光
的。A. connect连接；B. touch触摸；C. injure使受伤；D. master掌握。根据前文“let Matthew’s fingers”和
后文“his eyes”可知，圣诞老人让马修用手指触摸他的眼睛来感受。故选B项。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是如此感人的一分钟，我感动得流下了眼泪。A. play戏剧；B. campaign
运动；C. minute分钟，片刻；D. summary总结。根据前文“moving”和后文“ I was moved to tears.”可知，
这一（刻）幕让母亲感动到哭。故选C项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在网上发布了这段视频。A. crash现金；B. video视频；C. programme节
目，方案；D. clue线索。根据后文“on the Internet ”可知，母亲把这一切拍视频并发布到网上了。故选B
项。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该视频已被分享超过10.6万次。A. shared分享；B. ended结束；C. served
服务；D. rewarded回报。空前“It”指发布到网上的那段视频，结合后文“over 106,000 times”可知它被人们
转发分享了很多次。故选A项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们称赞圣诞老人给所有的孩子们带来了欢乐，他知道圣诞节是怎么回事。
A. suspected怀疑；B. praised表扬；C. blamed责备；D. appealed呼吁，吸引。根据后文“ for giving joy to
all the children”可知，网友们表扬圣诞老人给孩子带来快乐的做法。故选B项。
Close 4
（2023·陕西咸阳·统考一模）Almost eight years ago, Nixon decided to begin each day from a bench,
enjoying a spectacular sunrise at the St. Petersburg, Florida, waterfront. “I call it ‘life rising’ because watching a
____61____ makes me feel centered before starting my day,” says Nixon. It’s Nixon’s own ____62____ of hismotivation.
However, a year later, a passing woman ____63____ his original thought on his daily____64____ . She said,
“Every morning when I see you sitting here, I know that ____65____ is going to be OK.” Nixon____66____“It
was at that moment that I suddenly realized: Every person who stopped by the bench____67____ my attention. I
needed to make eye ____68____ and let people know we ____69____ to each other. ”
Instead of just ______70______ at the sunrise, Nixon started smiling at people and lending a(n)
______71______ to listen to them without asking for any return. And pretty soon, he started______72______ with
some early risers who began joining him on the bench. Later, some strangers even ______73______ themselves
out to turn to Nixon for advice about relationships, careers, and personal problems. “I was happy to
______74______ ,”Nixon, 59, says, “I wanted people to know that they needn’t feel ______75______ or upset
when walking away. At this period in life, this is______76______ my purpose. ” So, every morning, weather
permitting, Nixon______77______ at 4:30 a. m, puts on a hat, sips a cup of coffee, then ______78______ the
waterfront, where he’ll stay for two hours. His presence, his ______79______ to listen, and his kindness
toward______80______ , have led some to nickname him the Sunshine Mayor.
61．A．sea B．wave C．sunrise D．passer-by
62．A．description B．organization C．invitation D．addition
63．A．posted B．ignored C．regretted D．changed
64．A．routine B．appointment C．business D．movement
65．A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing
66．A．rewards B．reports C．rebuilds D．recalls
67．A．avoided B．deserved C．attempted D．paid
68．A．direction B．information C．escape D．contact
69．A．belonged B．separated C．mattered D．devoted
70．A．staring B．glaring C．watching D．enjoying
71．A．heart B．ear C．nose D．eye
72．A．vacations B．conflicts C．arguments D．conversations
73．A．worked B．left C．poured D．pointed
74．A．listen B．leave C．stay D．sit
75．A．friendly B．silly C．lonely D．likely
76．A．regularly B．definitely C．secretly D．frequently77．A．rises B．sleeps C．works D．starts
78．A．heads up B．heads on C．heads for D．heads back
79．A．selfishness B．loneliness C．hardness D．openness
80．A．colleagues B．strangers C．friends D．acquaintances
【答案】
61．C 62．A 63．D 64．A 65．B 66．D 67．B 68．D 69．C 70．A 71．B 72．D 73．
C 74．A 75．C 76．B 77．A 78．C 79．D 80．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了尼克松在八年前决定用坐在长凳上欣赏海滩风光来开始自己的一
天。但是一年后，他改变了自己的想法，不仅仅只是欣赏风光，他开始对人们微笑，展开对话，学会倾听
过往的人们，从而被人们成为“阳光市长”的故事。
61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为看日出能让我在开始新的一天之前感觉自己很有自信。A. sea大海；
B. wave波浪；C. sunrise日出；D. passer-by过路人。根据前文“Nixon decided to begin each day from a
bench, enjoying a spectacular sunrise at the St. Petersburg, Florida, waterfront.”可知，尼克松决定坐在长椅上开
始每一天，在佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的海滨欣赏壮观的日出，故此处强调看日出能让他在开始新的一天之前
感觉自己很有自信。故选C。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是尼克松自己对自己动机的描述。A. description描述；B. organization组
织；C. invitation邀请；D. addition增加物。根据前文““I call it ‘life rising’ because watching a ____1____
makes me feel centered before starting my day,””可知，这是尼克松自己对自己动机的描述。故选A。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一年后，一个路过的女人改变了他对日常生活的看法。A. posted张
贴；B. ignored忽视；C. regretted后悔；D. changed改变。根据后文““It was at that moment that I suddenly
realized: Every person who stopped by the bench.”可知，一个路过的女人改变了他对日常生活的看法。故选
D。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. routine常规，日常；B. appointment预约；C. business生意，事业；
D. movement移动。根据前文“Almost eight years ago, Nixon decided to begin each day from a bench, enjoying
a spectacular sunrise at the St. Petersburg, Florida, waterfront.”可知，该女士改变了尼克松每天看日出的日常。
故选A。
65．考查代词词义辨析。句意：每天早上看到你坐在这里，我就知道一切都会好起来的。A. anything任何
事；B. everything一切事；C. something某些事；D. nothing没有什么事。根据前文“Every morning when I
see you sitting here”可知，该女士指出每天早上看到尼克松坐在这里，就知道一切都会好起来的。故选B。66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松回忆说：“就在那一刻，我突然意识到：每一个站在长凳旁的人都
值得我注意。A. rewards回报；B. reports报告；C. rebuilds重建；D. recalls回忆。根据后文“It was at that
moment that I suddenly realized”可知，这是尼克松回忆起当时与那位女士的对话。故选D。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. avoided避免；B. deserved值得；C. attempted尝试；D. paid支付。
根据后文“I needed to make eye ____8____ and let people know we ____9____ to each other.”可知，尼克松认
为每一个站在长凳旁的人都值得他注意，因为他要与每个站在长凳旁的人进行眼神交流。故选B。
68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要眼神交流，让人们知道我们对彼此很重要。A. direction方向；B.
information信息；C. escape逃脱；D. contact联系，交流。根据后文“make eye”可知，此处强调尼克松需
要与他人进行眼神交流。故选D。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要眼神交流，让人们知道我们对彼此很重要。A. belonged属于；B.
separated分离；C. mattered起作用、要紧；D. devoted致力于。根据前文“I needed to make eye ____8____”
可知，此处强调尼克松需要与他人眼神交流，让人们知道他们对彼此很重要。故选C。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松不再只是盯着日出，而是开始对人们微笑，并倾听他们的声音，而
不要求任何回报。A. staring凝视；B. glaring怒视；C. watching观看；D. enjoying享受。根据段首的
“enjoying a spectacular sunrise”可知，尼克松不再只是盯着日出，此处强调目光集中。故选A。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. heart心；B. ear耳朵；C. nose鼻子；D. eye眼睛。根据后文
“listen to them without asking for any return”可知，尼克松用耳朵倾听他们的声音，而不要求任何回报。故
选B。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，他开始和一些早起的人交谈，他们开始加入他的行列。A. vocations
假期；B. conflicts冲突；C. arguments争论；D. conversations对话。根据后文“who began joining him on the
bench”可知，他开始和一些早起的人交谈。故选D。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，一些陌生人甚至向尼克松寻求关于人际关系、事业和个人问题的建
议。A. worked工作；B. left离开；C. poured倾吐，诉说；D. pointed指向。根据后文“for advice about
relationships, careers, and personal problems.”可知，一些陌生人甚至向尼克松倾诉并寻求关于人际关系、事
业和个人问题的建议。故选C。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很开心地倾听。A. listen听；B. leave离开；C. stay待着；D. sit坐。根据
前文“Later, some strangers even _____13_____ themselves out to turn to Nixon for advice about relationships,
careers, and personal problems.”可知，一些陌生人甚至向尼克松倾诉并寻求关于人际关系、事业和个人问题
的建议，故尼克松倾听他们的问题。故选A。
75．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想让人们知道，当他们离开时，他们不必感到孤独或沮丧。A. friendly友好的；B. silly愚蠢的；C. lonely孤独的；D. likely有可能的。根据后文“upset”可知，此处表示尼克松让
人们知道，当他们离开时，他们不必感到孤独或沮丧。故选C。
76．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在人生的这个阶段，这绝对是我的目标。A. regularly定期地；B. definitely
肯定地，绝对地；C. secretly秘密地；D. frequently频繁地。根据前文“I wanted people to know that they
needn’t feel _____15_____ or upset when walking away.”可知，当他们离开时，他们不必感到孤独或沮丧，尼
克松绝对以此为目标。故选B。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果天气允许，尼克松每天早上4:30起床，戴上帽子，喝杯咖啡，
然后前往海滨，在那里呆上两个小时。A. rises上升、起身；B. sleeps睡觉；C. works工作；D. starts开始。
根据后文“at 4:30 a. m”可知，尼克松每天早上4:30起床。故选A。
78．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. heads up抬高；B. heads on迎面；C. heads for前往；D. heads
back掉头。根据前文“So, every morning”可知，尼克松每天都是如此，然后前往海滨，在那里呆上两个小
时。故选C。
79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的风度（每天清晨准时出现在海滩），他乐于倾听，他对陌生人的友善，
让一些人给他起了个绰号“阳光市长”。A. selfishness自私；B. loneliness孤独；C. hardness艰难；D.
openness率真、开放。根据前文“Nixon started smiling at people and lending a(n) _____11_____ to listen to
them without asking for any return.”可知，他乐于倾听即他对陌生人展现了率真。故选D。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. colleagues同事；B. strangers陌生人；C. friends朋友；D.
acquaintances熟人。根据前文“Later, some strangers even _____13_____ themselves out to turn to Nixon for
advice about relationships, careers, and personal problems.”可知，他对陌生人的友善，让一些人给他起了个绰
号“阳光市长”。故选B。
Close 5
（2023·河南郑州·统考一模）I’ve been in an 18-year love-hate relationship with a black walnut (胡桃树). In
late September or early October, falling fruits as ___81___ as baseballs put your head at risk. Patio (露台)
umbrellas are a ___82___ while dining in the garden beginning in early August, and because of the amount of fruit
this season, I ___83___ my helmet while working in the garden.
Also, the black walnut produces a chemical substance (物质) through its roots as a ___84___ strategy, which
is poisonous to several common plants. There have been many new plant varieties I brought home with ___85___
that the walnut would ___86___ accept them, but they all failed to grow well.
What does ___87___ are native plants that naturally grow in the area. They are important to have around
since they provide beneficial pollinators (传粉者) like birds, bees and butterflies with seeds and ___88___ to ahealthy environment. Native plants for this area are generally easy to grow, so they experience less ___89___.
Have I thought of getting rid of this giant ____90____ in my backyard? Yes, ____91____, removing this tree
standing at 50 feet is next to impossible. I’m also ____92____ under the tree. Trees are important to the urban
forest and for all of those that live in it. Trees absorb air pollution and keep cities cooler and more livable. They are
home to many birds and insect species and are ____93____ for keeping our environment balanced.
Sometimes, I ____94____ my life without the black walnut. I can’t ____95____ a spring without the birds
who arrive every year and sing loudly before dawn. I miss falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I look up
into its leaves before the ____96____ threaten to fall.
Every spring, I wonder what the season ____97____: What are the chances of being knocked ____98____
while barbecuing? Like any good relationship, I’ll never be pleased. I’m stuck with this tree, so I’ll listen to its
needs and give it the space it ____99____. In return, my walnut offers a home to wildlife and a reminder that
____100____, instead of resistance, is the better way to be.
81．A．aggressive B．powerful C．fast D．hard
82．A．comfort B．must C．favour D．decision
83．A．carry B．keep C．wear D．prepare
84．A．competitive B．basic C．conservative D．Successful
85．A．hopes B．curiosity C．directions D．enthusiasm
86．A．eventually B．generally C．possibly D．gradually
87．A．improve B．work C．stand D．change
88．A．relate B．adapt C．contribute D．stick
89．A．harm B．disaster C．survival D．stress
90．A．burden B．thrill C．pain D．treasure
91．A．however B．even C．instead D．somehow
92．A．planted B．protected C．removed D．managed
93．A．suitable B．practical C．responsible D．necessary
94．A．live through B．think about C．focus on D．call for
95．A．see B．welcome C．forget D．imagine
96．A．nuts B．worries C．trees D．nights
97．A．produces B．values C．holds D．undertakes
98．A．unbearable B．unbelievable C．uncomfortable D．unconscious
99．A．requires B．saves C．chooses D．creates100．A．patience B．acceptance C．preference D．tolerance
【答案】
81．D 82．B 83．C 84．A 85．A 86．C 87．B 88．C 89．D 90．C 91．A 92．B 93．
D 94．B 95．D 96．A 97．C 98．D 99．A 100．B
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者对院子里种的黑核桃树的故事，并提醒人们要接受而不是
抵抗。
81．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在9月底或10月初，像棒球一样坚硬的落果会让你的头处于危险之中。
A. aggressive好斗的；B. powerful强大的；C. fast快速的；D. hard硬的。根据下文“as baseballs put your
head at risk”可知，这里描述胡桃树上落下的果实很硬。故选D。
82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从8月初开始，在花园里用餐时，遮阳伞是必不可少的。由于这个季节水
果量大，我在花园里工作时戴上了头盔。A. comfort安慰；B. must必须；C. favour喜欢；D. decision决定。
根据下文“while dining in the garden beginning in early August”可知，8月初天气热，作者他们要在花园里用
餐，所有遮阳伞是必不可少的。故选B。
83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A. carry携带；B. keep保持；C. wear穿戴；D. prepare准备。
根据上文“because of the amount of fruit this season”可知，这个季节会有果子落下，所以要戴上头盔，以防
被坚硬的果子砸到头。故选C。
84．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，黑核桃通过其根部产生一种化学物质，作为一种竞争策略，对几
种常见植物有毒。A. competitive有竞争力的；B. basic基本的；C. conservative保守的；D. successful成功
的。根据下文“which is poisonous to several common plants”可知，这是黑核桃要和其它几种常见植物竞争
地下的养分。故选A。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带回了很多新的植物品种，希望核桃能接受它们，但它们都没能长得好。
A. hopes希望；B. curiosity好奇心；C. directions指导；D. enthusiasm热情。根据下文“that the walnut
would 6 accept them”可知，这是作者希望的事情。故选A。
86．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. eventually最后；B. generally大体上；C. possibly可能；
D. gradually渐渐地。根据下文“but they all failed to grow well”可知，作者只是希望黑核桃树有可能接受他
带来的新植物。故选C。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：真正起作用的是当地自然生长的植物。A. improve改善；B. work起作用；
C. stand站立；D. change改变。根据下文“They are important to have around since they provide beneficial
pollinators (传粉者) like birds, bees and butterflies with seeds and 8 to a healthy environment.”可知，
这里指对植物起作用的东西。故选B。88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们很重要，因为它们为鸟类、蜜蜂和蝴蝶等有益的传粉者提供种子，并
有助于健康的环境。A. relate有关；B. adapt适应；C. contribute贡献；D. stick粘。根据上文“they provide
beneficial pollinators (传粉者) like birds, bees and butterflies with seeds”可知，这些是对健康的环境有益的东
西，contribute to固定搭配，意为“有助于”。故选C。
89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该地区的本地植物通常易于生长，因此压力较小。A. harm害处；B.
disaster灾难；C. survival幸存；D. stress压力。根据上文“Native plants for this area are generally easy to
grow”可知，该地区的本地植物通常易于生长，因此和其它植物竞争的压力较小。故选D。
90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有没有想过摆脱后院的巨大痛苦？A. burden压力；B. thrill激动；C. pain
疼痛；D. treasure宝藏。根据上文“getting rid of”可知，这里指作者后院的黑核桃树，所以对他来说是巨大
的痛苦。故选C。
91．考查副词词义辨析。句意：是的，然而，移除这棵50英尺高的树几乎是不可能的。A. however然而；
B. even甚至；C. instead相反；D. somehow不知怎么地。根据上文“Have I thought of getting rid of this giant
10 in my backyard?”和下文“removing this tree standing at 50 feet is next to impossible”可知，作者想过要
移除黑核桃树，但是又不可能做到，所以上下文是转折的关系。故选A。
92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也受到这棵树的保护。A. planted种植；B. protected保护；C. removed移
除；D. managed管理。根据下文“Trees are important to the urban forest and for all of those that live in it.”可知，
树木保护人类，也包括作者。故选B。
93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们是许多鸟类和昆虫的家园，是保持环境平衡所必需的。A. suitable
合适的；B. practical实际的；C. responsible负责的；D. necessary必要的。根据下文“for keeping our
environment balanced”可知，树木对保持环境平衡来说是必需的。故选D。
94．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时，我会思考没有黑核桃的生活。A. live through度过；B. think about考
虑；C. focus on集中；D. call for需要。根据下文“I can’t 1 5 a spring without the birds who arrive
every year and sing loudly before dawn. I miss falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I look up into its
leaves before the 1 6 threaten to fall.”可知，作者有时候会思考没有黑核桃的生活。故选B。
95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法想象一个春天没有每年都会到来并在黎明前高声歌唱的鸟儿。A.
see看见；B. welcome欢迎；C. forget忘记；D. imagine想象。根据上文“Sometimes, I 1 4 my life
without the black walnut.”可知，作者无法想象没有黑核桃树的生活。故选D。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我怀念周末慵懒的下午，当我抬头望着它的叶子，在坚果快要掉下来之前
睡着。A. nuts坚果；B. worries担心；C. trees树；D. nights夜晚。根据上文“as I look up into its leaves”和
下文“threaten to fall”可知，这里指黑核桃树的果实，属于坚果。故选A。97．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年春天，我都想知道这个季节是什么样的：在烧烤时被打晕的可能性有
多大？A. produces生产；B. values珍惜；C. holds抓住；D. undertakes承担。根据下文“What are the
chances of being knocked 1 8 while barbecuing?”可知，这里指春天有的东西。故选C。
98．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第17题详解。A. unbearable难以容忍的；B. unbelievable难以相信的；
C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unconscious无意识的。根据下文“while barbecuing”可知，这里指在作者烧
烤的时候会被黑核桃树上落下的果子打晕可能是意识不到的。故选D。
99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被这棵树困住了，所以我会倾听它的需求，给它所需的空间。A.
requires要求；B. saves挽救；C. chooses选择；D. creates创造。根据上文“so I’ll listen to its needs and give
it the space”可知，作者会倾听黑核桃树的需求，给它所需的空间。故选A。
100．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为回报，我的核桃为野生动物提供了家园，并提醒人们接受而不是抵
抗是更好的方式。A. patience耐心；B. acceptance接受；C. preference更喜欢；D. tolerance容忍。根据下文
“instead of resistance”可知，这里指的是要接受，而不是抵抗。故选B。
Close 1
（2022年全国乙卷）Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them,
there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only
their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly
“egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology
___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down
with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___. We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the
adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her
own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.
A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results
were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their
___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” Theysimply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by
putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___
when others use it.
21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34.
A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主
义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴
奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Young
children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不
擅长的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands,
leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的；B.
examined已检查过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only
their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分
无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物
的证据。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据下文“as
evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证
据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A.
disappointing令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. desired渴望的。根据下文
“research results in child developmental psychology _6_ that idea.”以及“Our 1 9 suggest when a
child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点
相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A.
explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest
when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider
this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent
父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-
4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚；
B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听
到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；
C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，
所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. event大事；B. thing事情；C. action行动；D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they
couldn’t _12_ to her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选
B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的
嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own
mouth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令；B.
descriptions说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除
了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到
了什么。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“the
questions and knew _15_ what was asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到
了什么。A. partly部分地；B. honestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。根据下文“what was
asked of them. Their 16 to the questions reflected their true _17_ ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了什
么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能
看到你。”A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。根据下文
“to the questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能
看到你。”A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。根据下文“I can see you only
if you can see me, too.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist
on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了
他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中
心主义的结果。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings调查发现。根
据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实验
的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实
验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply
18 mutual recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，
孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。
Close 2
（2022年天津卷）When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone ____16____. But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind.
One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students, I was filled with fear. I knew I would
____17____. When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another ____18____. “Did
you practice your lesson?” the teacher barked at me. I felt so ____19____ and my world came ____20____ down
in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting ____21____. With the day of the new
performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of ____22____, I asked for sick leave. It was so
relieving and such a(n) ____23____ way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started
____24____. “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked mum. She _____25_____ and I realized I
wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to
_____26_____ out of. I made a _____27_____ not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of
them, so a _____28_____ could be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t _____29_____
why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t _____30_____
at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great _____31_____ I could play
well. My problem was solved and my fear was _____32_____ a lot that year.
_____33_____ I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can _____34_____ everything in a person’s life.
Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay _____35_____ inside. After facing up
to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
16. A. badly B. endlessly C. randomly D. smoothly
17. A. mess up B. move on C. set out D. take off
18. A. impression B. essay C. story D. factor
19. A. ashamed B. starved C. excited D. relaxed
20. A. crashing B. moving C. selling D. bending
21. A. stricter B. worse C. happier D. smarter
22. A. joy B. panic C. doubt D. sympathy
23. A. funny B. important C. easy D. traditional
24. A. drying B. disappearing C. flowing D. separating
25. A. had a point B. made a change C. reached a level D. took a break26. A. send B. bring C. pick D. climb
27. A. request B. resolution C. presentation D. proposal
28. A. balance B. degree C. position D. solution
29. A. figure out B. give away C. think over D. make up
30. A. aim B. smile C. wave D. shout
31. A. anger B. sorrow C. disappointment D. surprise
32. A. felt B. shown C. removed D. voiced
33. A. Carrying on B. Looking back C. Stepping aside D. Turning around
34. A. consume B. examine C. reflect D. rescue
35. A. unknown B. unpunished C. interested D. trapped
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29.
A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为自己单簧管演奏得不好，感到很沮丧，决定逃避，在妈妈
的启发下，作者决定面对恐惧，找到老师寻求帮助，最终解决了问题，也战胜了自己的恐惧。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：年初进展顺利。A. badly严重地；B. endlessly无穷地；C. randomly随机地；D.
smoothly顺利地。根据下文“But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind.”可知，上下文为转折关
系，年初进展顺利，但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up搞砸；B. move on继续前进；C. set out动
身，出发；D. take off起飞。根据上文“I seemed to fall behind”可知，我似乎落后于其他同学，由此可知，
我认为自己演奏的不好，会搞砸的。故选A项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A. impression印象；
B. essay散文；C. story故事，情节；D. factor因素。根据上文“I seemed to fall behind”可知，我演奏的不好，
虽然节奏很好，但演奏不在调上，音调是另一回事，“my tone was another story”用来描述演奏不在调上。
故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. starved饥饿的；
C. excited兴奋的；D. relaxed放松的。根据上文“Did you practice your lesson?”可知，老师质疑我的演奏，
怀疑我没有练习，由此可知，我为此感到羞愧。故选A项。【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing崩溃；B. moving移动；C.
selling出售；D. bending弯曲。根据上文“Did you practice your lesson?”可知，老师质疑我的演奏，怀疑我
没有练习，由此可知，我感到很羞愧，感觉世界瞬间崩溃了。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且越来越糟糕。A. stricter更严格的；B.
worse更糟的；C. happier更快乐的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据下文“I grew increasingly upset”可知，我感
到越来越沮丧，由此可知，我的状态越来越糟糕。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. joy喜悦；B. panic恐慌；C. doubt疑惑；D.
sympathy同情。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”和“With the day of the new performance approaching, I
grew increasingly upset.”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，我感到越来越沮丧，由此可知，因为对即将到来的表演感
到恐慌，所以我请了病假。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种解脱和容易的方式。A. funny有趣的；B. important重要的；C. easy
容易的；D. traditional传统的。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，由此可知，
我请了病假，这是一种让我解脱的容易的方式，我可以不再面对单簧管表演。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想退出。”我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying使变干；B. disappearing消失；
C. flowing流动；D. separating使分开。根据下文“why are you crying”可知，我哭了，由此可知，我的眼泪
流了下来。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我
创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a point有道理；B. made a change做出改变；C. reached a level达到
一定水平；D. took a break休息一下。根据句中“I realized I wanted to stay in band and”可知，我意识到我想
留在乐队里，由此可知，我认为妈妈的话“If you really want to quit, why are you crying?(如果你真的想退出，
为什么要哭？)”说得很有道理，如果我真想退出，就不会哭。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造
了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. send发送；B. bring带来；C. pick挑选；D. climb爬。根据句中“created ablack hole”可知，我无法面对我的恐惧，就像给自己创造了一个黑洞，很难爬出来。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也要与之对抗，这
样才能找到解决办法。A. request请求；B. resolution正式决定，决心；C. presentation演示；D. proposal提
议。根据句中“stand up to even the worst of them”可知，我决定与恐惧对抗，由此可知，我下定决心，不躲
避自己的恐惧。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也要与之对抗，这
样才能找到解决办法。A. balance平衡；B. degree程度，度数；C. position位置；D. solution解决办法。根
据句中“stand up to even the worst of them”可知，我决定与恐惧对抗，是为了找到解决问题的办法。故选D
项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天，我见到了我的乐队老师，告诉她我有一个问题，不理解为什么会
这样。A. figure out理解，想出；B. give away赠送；C. think over仔细考虑；D. make up编造。根据句中
“The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem”可知，我把问题告诉老师，由
此可知，我不理解为什么会这样，所以才请教老师。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有冲我大喊大叫，递给我一个新簧片。A. aim目的是；B. smile微笑；C.
wave挥手；D. shout喊叫。根据句中“She asked me gently to play for her.”可知，老师温柔地让我为她演奏，
由此可知，她愿意帮助我解决问题，得知我的问题后，没有冲我大喊大叫。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我非常惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger愤怒；B. sorrow悲伤；C.
disappointment失望；D. surprise惊讶。根据句中“I could play well”可知，我之前一直演奏不好，突然能演
奏得很好，这令我感到惊讶。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题解决了，我的恐惧消除了很多。A. felt感觉到；B. shown展
示；C. removed去除，使消失；D. voiced表达，吐露。根据句中“My problem was solved”可知，我的问题
解决了，由此可知，我的恐惧消除了很多，不再那么害怕演奏了。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。A. Carrying on继续；B. Looking back回顾，回首往事；C. Stepping aside下台，让位；D. Turning around转身，调转方向。根据句中“I overcame
my fear”可知，我克服了恐惧是发生在过去的事，由此可知，句中指回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。
故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会消耗一个人生活中的一切。A. consume消耗；B. examine检查；C.
reflect反映；D. rescue营救。根据上文“by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be
difficult to _____ out of”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我陷入困境，无法面对生活，由此可知，恐惧会消
耗一个人生活中的一切。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：躲避这些恐惧只会造成一个洞，让人困在里面。A. unknown未知的；B.
unpunished未受惩罚的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. trapped受困的。根据上文“by not facing my fears, I had
created a black hole that would be difficult to _____ out of”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难
爬出来的黑洞，由此可知，躲避恐惧只会造成一个洞，人被困在里面。故选D项。
Close 3
（2022年浙江卷）Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ____16____ it. “Again,
Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his
arms and legs out ____17____ he were flying, his eyes wide with ____18____. His trust in me is ____19____
which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ____20____ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ____21____ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ____23____ relationship that it’s something
that can’t ____24____ to lose. Every time I _____25_____ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he
trusts me and feels _____26_____ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt ._____27_____ , teaching Jacky to
swim means he has to _____28_____ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his
doggy paddle lets him down.
_____29_____ in the workplace, trust is important for strong _____30_____ . It is something that every
manager should work hard to _____31_____ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to
_____32_____ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A _____33_____ of trust can
make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be
_____34_____ you their best. Good _____35_____, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that
18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important
20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility
21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name
23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student
24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect
25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce
26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful
27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example
28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately
30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership
31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand
32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget
33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack
34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending
35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29.
C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B.
miss错过；C. love爱；D. know知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被
抓住。故选C项。
【17题详解】
考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；
B. in case以防；C. even though即使；D. so that以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语气，好像
在飞。故选A项。
【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害怕；B.
excitement兴奋；C. doubt怀疑；D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs out 2
he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我 的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任
感。A. reasonable合理的；B. limited有限的；C. absolute完全的，绝对的；D. important重要的。根据上文
“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。
A. relief宽慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。结合语境，此处指孩子对
父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多
努力和做出正确的判断。A. older年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D. healthier较健康
的。根据下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment ____7____”可知，随着他长大，这需要作者付
出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更
多努力和做出正确的判断。A. on my behalf代表我；B. on my part就我来说；C. in my honor以我的名誉；
D. in my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努力和做出正确
的判断。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. long-
distance长途的；B. high-risk高风险的；C. parent-child父母子女的；D. teacher-student师生的。本段在探讨
作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. afford支
付得起；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part of a
____8____ relationship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为
他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. compare对比；C. adjust调整； D. introduce介绍。根据下文“to
something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因
为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. proud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。根据上
文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，
我能去救他。A. Above all首先重要的是；B. In addition除此之外；C. At first首先；D. For example例如。
根据下文“teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ____13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我
能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts
me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子
信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. However然而；B.
Therefore因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Fortunately幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同样，
在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affection感情；B.
determination决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is something that every manager”
可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. organize
组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队
成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随；C. change改变； D. forget忘记。根据上文“If people don’t trustyou”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure测量；
C. bond纽带；D. lack缺少。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可知，缺乏信任会
让人们与你作对。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C.
selling卖；D. sending发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理；B.
personality个性；C. communication交流；D. education教育。根据上文“in the workplace”以及“manager”
客户，作者在说管理。故选A项。
Close 4
(2021全国甲卷) It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill
blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___21___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___22___ some friends in the area. They
had asked him to ___23___ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he ___24___ a suitcase full of
pepperoni. As he was ___25___ that it would be too warm, he ___26___ it out on the table near an open window.
He thought his pepperoni was ___27___ and well chilled (冷却) and he ___28___ .
That's when things went ____29____ “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the
door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star
hotel. "The seagulls immediately went _____32_____ . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to
_____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were
falling down, It was a real _____34_____ .
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility of my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to
you, _____37_____ , to apologize for the-damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____
my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____ . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, theFairmont said.
21. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
22. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
23. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
24. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
25. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
26. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
27. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
28. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
29. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
30. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
31. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
32. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
33. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
34. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
35. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
36. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
37. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
38. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
39. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B
34. A 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Burchill住酒店时，给朋友携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，海鸥
在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。酒店把Burchill列入了黑名单，
Burchill被终身禁止入住该酒店。Burchill诚恳地写了道歉信，请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店
的决定。最终，他的信起作用了。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burchill出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A.
studying研究；B. staying停留；C. looking看；D. packing包装。根据“Burchill was 21 at the hotel onbusiness and planning to 22 some friends in the area.”及生活常识可知，Burchill出差住在酒店，准备去
拜访当地的一些朋友，自然是在酒店收拾行李。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burchill出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A. visit
拜访；B. help帮助；C. follow跟随；D. make制作。根据“They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni
(辣香肠) from back east. So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，朋友让他带一些东西，由此推知
Burchill准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来。A. sell卖；B. have有；C. bring带
来； D. taste品尝。根据“So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，Burchill的朋友让他从美国东部
带些意大利香肠过来。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠。A. filled 装满；B. locked 锁上；C.
abandoned抛弃；D. lost 丢失。根据“a suitcase full of pepperoni”和“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40
birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，他装了满满一箱子意大利香
肠。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. surprised感
到惊讶的；B. pleased高兴的；C. excited兴奋的；D. worried担心的。根据“he 26 it out on the table
near an open window.”可知，他担心意大利香肠会太热，所以把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。故选
D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. dug挖； B.
cleared清除；C. cut切下；D. laid放。根据“it out on the table near an open window”可知，他把它放在桌子
上。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. delicious美味的；
B. safe安全的；C. soft柔软的；D. ready准备好。根据““I remember walking down the long 30 and
opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-
star hotel.”可知，Burchill离开了，由此推知，他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好。故选B。【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. left离开；B.
nodded点头；C. waited等待；D. regretted后悔。根据““I remember walking down the long 30 and
opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-
star hotel.”可知，Burchill离开了。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事情就在这时出了问题。A. far远的；B. funny有趣的；C. wrong失常的；D.
blind盲目的。根据“The seagulls immediately went 32 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all
trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were
falling down, It was a real 34 .”可知，事情就在这时出了问题。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Burchill在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的
大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. beach海滩；B. driveway私人车道；C. hall大厅；D. table桌子。
根据“and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls”可知，Burchill走过长长的大厅。故
选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Burchill在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的
大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. application 申请；B. apology 道歉；C. request 要求；D.
invitation邀请。根据““I have 35 and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,” he said in the letter. “I
come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime
ban from the hotel.”
”可知，Burchill给酒店写了一封道歉信。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海鸥立刻变得疯狂起来。A. hungry饥饿的；B. dead死亡的；C. missing失踪
的； D. wild疯狂的。根据“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time,
and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，海鸥被突然回到房间的Burchill吓到了，变得疯狂起来。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们冲到窗口，30或40只鸟都想同时出去，到处都是意大利香肠。A. wake up
醒来；B. get out出去；C. take off起飞；D. break in闯入。根据“They rushed to the window”及生活常识可
知，鸟看到人类很害怕，想同时从窗户逃出去。故选B。【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：窗帘在落下，灯也在落下，真是一团糟。A. mess混乱； B. puzzle不解之谜；
C. fight打架；D. challenge挑战。根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，现
场一片混乱。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. recovered恢复；B.
retired退休；C. escaped逃跑；D. matured成熟。根据“and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,”可知，这
里意思是Burchill认为自己成熟了。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. suffering苦难；B.
plans计划；C. madness疯狂；D. actions行为。根据“I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I
had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”可知，Burchill承认对自己的行
为负责。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. hands in pocket手放在口袋里； B. nose in the air目中无人；C. hat in hand毕恭毕
敬地；D. feet on the ground脚踏实地。根据“to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you
to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”及生活常识可知，向别人道歉，应该表明自己是毕恭毕敬地。故
选C。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. indirectly间接；B. deliberately故意地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. secretly秘密地。
根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，作者携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，
海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. replace取代；B. remember记得；C. reconsider重新考虑；D. renew更新。根据
“my lifetime ban from the hotel.”和“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back,
the Fairmont said.”可知，Burchill请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。故选C。
【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的信起作用了。A. arrived到达；B. worked起作用；C. ended结束；D.
disappeared消失。根据“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont
said.”可知，他的信起作用了。故选B。
Close 6
(2021全国乙卷)Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this
while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we
had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement
operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___
discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good
teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge,
we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____
to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her
hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient
looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a
_____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an
_____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54 .
D 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对
别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化
学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each
of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。
A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply
saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那
么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，
接受……的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对
护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing 出发，离开；B.
escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正
在恢复中。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推
知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；
B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，
由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；
B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治
好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly 轻微地；B.
accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要
从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B.
thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道
别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；
C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。
故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；
B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要
出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B.
hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，
由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached
到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一
一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B.
pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作
者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B.
doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为
照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认
为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；
D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病
人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认
为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care
照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英
镑。故选D。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认
为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D.
greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士
们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。
A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到
奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many
people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事
情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
Close 7
(2021天津卷)My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely
____16____ . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother ____17____ meditation (冥
想),while I was a born ____18____ who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to
be offensive. We simply didn't ____19____.
I didn't ____20____ having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school.
____21____, I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at
my best and be ____22____ for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school
was already hard enough ____23____ my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n）____24____
between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I _____25_____
to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and
_____26_____ practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my
brother _____27_____ quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to _____28_____ him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my
inability to manage this song _____29_____,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you
simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new _____30_____. I kept
trying at the song, no longer getting _____31_____ at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was
able to _____32_____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn
that you don't have to always get everything _____33_____ the first time and that good things come with
continual _____34_____.I now understand why my brother favours the _____35_____.
16. A. mature B. different C. content D. normal
17. A. disliked B. preferred C. replaced D. abandoned18. A. writer B. leader C. painter D. performer
19. A. get along B. drop by C. show off D. check in
20. A. try B. mind C. enjoy D. delay
21. A. In particular B. In vain C. In return D. In theory
22. A. humorous B. ordinary C. competitive D. grateful
23. A. above B. below C. near D. without
24. A. issue B. contrast C. agreement D. balance
25. A. struggled B. expected C. promised D. decided
.
26 A. began B. allowed C. stopped D. continued
27. A. hated B. experienced C. accepted D. wanted
28. A. help B. invite C. join D. admire
29. A. gracefully B. suddenly C. fiercely D. cautiously
30. A. limit B. sentence C. mistake D. philosophy
31. A. rude B. angry C. surprised D. excited
32. A. lose B. share C. reduce D. maintain
33. A. wrong B. right C. back D. down
34. A. luck B. absence C. effort D. fear
35. A. fight B. noise C. quiet D. safety
.
【答案】16 B 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29.
A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者
遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看起来像双胞胎，但实际上我们是完全不同的。A. mature成熟的；B.
different不同的；C. content满意的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“my older brother ____2____ meditation
(冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical,”哥哥喜欢冥想而作者喜欢表演，前后对比可
知二者性格不同。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，
喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. disliked不喜欢；B. preferred更喜欢；C. replaced取代；D. abandoned抛弃放弃。根据句中对比的内容“while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical”和preferred呼应，可
知哥哥更喜欢冥想。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，
喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. writer作家；B. leader领导者；C. painter画家；D. performer表演者。根据
“the theatrical ,even when off stage.”和下文的“in time for the trial performance”可知作者喜欢表演。故选
D。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们就是合不来。A. get along相处，进展；B. drop by顺便拜访；C. show off炫
耀；D. check in登记，报到。根据上句“I took his relative silence to be offensive.”及下文“a tense relationship
with my brother”作者和哥哥性格和爱好不同，作者甚至认为哥哥相对沉默是一种冒犯，可知两人相处地不
好，关系紧张。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不介意和我哥哥关系紧张，因为我在学校很忙。A. try试图，努力；B. mind
介意；C. enjoy欣赏，享受；D. delay推迟，延误。根据句中“because I was involved at school.”和下文“I
practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知在学校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的关系。
故选B。
【21题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，我全身心地投入了音乐剧的世界。A. In particular尤其，特别；B. In
vain 徒劳；C. In return 作为回报；D. In theory 理论上。根据上文“preferred the theatrical”和下文“I
practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知作者非常喜欢音乐。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天在卧室里练习唱歌，以保持最佳状态，争取角色；我哥哥会坐在靠窗
的座位上冥想。A. humorous幽默的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. competitive竞争的；D. grateful感激
的。根据“I practised singing in the bedroom every day” 作者每天练习，可知竞争很激烈。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：就算没有我吵闹的歌声，他也会觉得高中已经够难的了。A. above超过，
在……之上；B. below在……下面；C. near在……附近；D. without没有。哥哥经常冥想，作者认为即使没
有自己吵闹的歌声，哥哥也会觉得高中很难。故选D。
【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以练习的空间成了我们之间的问题，因为我们共用一个房间。A. issue问题，
发行；B. contrast对比，差异；C. agreement同意，一致；D. balance平衡。根据上文“a tense relationship
with my brother”和句中“we shared a room.”可知练习唱歌的空间是作者和哥哥之间的问题。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次费劲地学歌，因为当我切换到头音时，我的声音嘶哑了。A.
struggled奋斗，努力；B. expected预期，盼望；C. promised允诺，许诺；D. decided决定。根据“my voice
cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice”可知作者学歌很费劲。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我很恼火，停止了练习，宣称自己已经达到了歌唱事业的顶峰。
A. began 开始；B. allowed 允许，准许；C. stopped 停止；D. continued 继续。根据下文“my brother
____12____ quiet when I got home.”家里安静了，可知作者停止了练习唱歌。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家时，哥哥多年来第一次感到安静。A. hated厌恶；B. experienced体验，
经历；C. accepted接受；D. wanted想要。因为作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥体验到了家里的安静。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样过了两天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A. help帮助；B. invite邀请；C.
join参加；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“I accepted”可知哥哥让作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无法优美地驾驭这首歌很生气，于是就接受了。A. gracefully优美
地，优雅地；B. suddenly 突然；C. fiercely 猛烈地；D. cautiously 谨慎地。根据下文“I was able to
____17____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice.”可知作者想优美地驾驭这首歌。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了这个意思，它很快就成为了我的新哲学。A. limit限度；B. sentence句
子，判决；C. mistake错误；D. philosophy哲学。根据下文“It was important for me to learn that you don't
have to always get everything ____18____ the first time and that good things come with continual ____19____.”可
知作者把哥哥的话作为自己的哲学。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直试着唱这首歌，不再生自己的气了。A. rude粗鲁的；B. angry生气的；
C. surprised吃惊的；D. excited兴奋的。与上文“I was annoyed in that period和my anger at my inability”呼应，
可知作者开始因为自己唱不好生气，现在想明白了，不生气了。故选B。【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在试演的时候，尽管换了头音，我还是能保持唱歌的能力。A. lose丢失；B.
share分享；C. reduce减少；D. maintain保持。根据句中“was able to”和下文“good things come with”可知
作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好
的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. wrong错误的；B. right正确的；C. back后面的；D. down情绪低落
的。根据作者的经历和常识可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的
事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. luck运气；B. absence缺席；C. effort努力；D. fear害怕，担心。根据
上文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”和“I kept trying at the song”可知只有不断努力才能成功。
故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在明白我哥哥为什么喜欢安静了。A. fight斗争，打架；B. noise噪音；C.
quiet 安静，和平；D. safety 安全。根据上文“my older brother ____2____ meditation”“my brother would
meditate on a window seat.”可知哥哥喜欢冥想，喜欢安静。故选C。
