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考点 15 阅读之词义猜测（解
析版）
【命题趋势】
词义猜测题型是高考中必考题型，每年考察1-2题。所以词义猜测题型也是考生需要复习的考点。词
义猜测，即阅读中的完形填空。可以通过前后句子中的关键词寻找相对应的词。只要找到方法，拿下词义
猜测轻而易举。当然，着需要我们掌握足够的词汇量才能游刃有余！
【重要考向】
一、了解词义猜测题型的基本设题方式和基本提示词；
二、掌握词义猜测解题技巧；
考向一
识别词义猜测题
【典例】
【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇】
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an
astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.
Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of
these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly
ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,
greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire. B. Export.C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
【参考答案】
C词义猜测题。根据前一句“Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.”
可知，北美的土著人把这些珍贵的自然资源保护的很合理，本句中的“Unfortunately”可知，本句与上一句
形成了转折，前一句陈述北美土著人做的好的地方，故可知，本句阐述移民者做的不好的地方，即移民者
破坏了这些自然资源，故画线词意思是“破坏”。A. Acquire获得；B. Export出口；C. Destroy破坏；D.
Distribute分配。故选C。
【 词义猜测题型 提分秘籍】
了解词义猜测题型的基本设题方式
(1) 代词类猜词题
The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to_______.
The underlined word “it" in Para. 4 refers to _______.
(2) 其他类猜测题
What does the word X (in Paragraph X) mean?
What does the underlined word X mean?
What can we learn from the underlined sentence?
The underlined word X probably means _______.
考向二
词义猜测题解题方法
【典例】
【2021年全国乙卷阅读理解C篇】
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only
on their smartphones according to a survey （调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede
that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a
further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit. B. Argue.C. Remember. D. Remark.
【参考答案】
A 词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上文“Of those Australians who still have a landline (在那些仍然有固定
电话的澳大利亚人中)”可知，这个调查的目标人群是仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人；根据下文“it's not
really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13
percent keep it in case of emergencies (固定电话并不是必须的，他们将其作为一种安全保障——19%的人表示
他们从未使用过固定电话，另有13%的人保留固定电话以防紧急情况)”可知，很多人认为固定电话并不是
必须拥有的，有些人保留固定电话只是为了防止紧急情况。从而推知，在调查中，他们应该是承认了固定
电话的非必要性。由此推知，划线单词“concede”意为“承认”。故选A项。
【 词义猜测题提 分秘籍】
1. 代词类猜词题做题方法
第一步：优先看划线句
第二步：前指向性
第三步：代词单复数线索
2. 其他类猜词题做题方法
根据构词法：通过转化、合成、词根词缀等
词根词缀
常见前缀：
表否定 dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等
anti- (反对；抵抗), auto- (自动), co- (共同), en- (使), inter- (互相), re- (再；又), sub- (下面的；
表其他的
次；小), tele- (强调距离)等
前缀作用：通常前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性
常见后缀：
表名词 -(e)r/ -or (从事某事的人)， -ment (性质；状态)，-ness (性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等
表动词 -(e)n (多用于形容词之后)，-fy (使……化)，-ize (使……成为)
表副词 有-ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s) (主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)
-al，-able (有能力的)，-(a)n(某国人的)，-en (多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern (方向的)，
表形容词
-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less (表示否定)，-like (像……的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y (表示天气)
后缀作用：通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性
(3) 因果法 —— 根据因果关系
常见表示因果的词汇：because, for, as, since, for the reason that, considering that
(4) 并列法 —— 根据并列顺承关系常见的并列词：and, as well as, not only…but also…, together/along with, when/while
(5) 转折法 ——根据转折关系
常见表示转折的词汇：while, not, but, however, yet, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of , in contrast, instead of,
rather than
1.【2021年浙江卷1月阅读理解C篇】
“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are
still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings
seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.”
29. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Difference. B. Conflict.
C. Balance. D. Connection.
【参考答案】
A 词义猜测题 根据Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with
non-verbal communication. 可知，黑猩猩手势传递的信息的意义，并没有超出其他动物通过非语言方式传达
的含义，因此和人类的语言交流方式还是存在差异。gulf在此意为“差异”。
2.【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解C篇】
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous
crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our
own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when
trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over,
helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud,
shouting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?
A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
【参考答案】B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是
真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他
的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选B。
3.【2021年6月浙江卷阅读理解A篇】
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to
counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three,
were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without
getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself
"marketing director for Nature". He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be
marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network a
group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "charts" in paragraph 2
A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms
【参考答案】
A 词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词前面的句子“He documented his journey as he set about treating
nature a brand to be marketed to young people”可知其中的“documented”意为“记录”。因此，结合
划线词后面的“the birth of the Wild Network ”可知，他的纪录片记录了一个组织的诞生，顾“charts”
意为“记录”，故选A。
4.【2021天津卷3月阅读理解B篇】
The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make
such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a
baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of
them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was
different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.
43. The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as .
A. letting go of the past B. looking for a new job
C. getting rid of a bad habit D. giving up an opportunity
【参考答案】
A词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But theyhad to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave
the past behind.(他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就
像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”可知，作者看着乔丹脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，
意识到看到他放开了过去，把过去抛在脑后了。即画线词意思是“放开过去”。故选A。
5.【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to
them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the
highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember,
it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
26. What does the underlined word ＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Debt. B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value.
【参考答案】
B词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,(虽然金钱确实是美妙而
必要的)”可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的语境可推知，“rereading an author’s work is the highest
currency a reader can pay them.”意为“但是但重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报”，由此判断出
划线词的意思是“回报”。故选B项。
6. 【2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇】
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t
handle this non-native species（物种）.It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us." says Michael Massimi, an
expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the
cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
30. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Boomed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable. D. Crashed.
【参考答案】
D词义猜测题。根据第五段The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria
collapsed in the late 1980s,the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy. 得知，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年
的控制，但是当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物数量疯长，根据 but判断，这
是转折关系，以前由于皮毛交易，海狸鼠处于控制，现在这种海狸鼠之所以能够数量激增，是由于市场不再销售海狸鼠皮毛导致的，可以推断出划线词collapsed 是和D.crashed倒闭的意思最相近。故选D。
7. 【2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇】
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had
several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go
to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
【参考答案】
B词句猜测题。根据上文As I grew older and became a mother可知，我长大了成了一位母亲，结合下文
I had several children and books were our main source (来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up
and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them(我
有几个孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。对于我们来说，坐上车去当地的图书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩
子们可以挑选要阅读的书或者想让我给他们读的书)可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子
挑选书籍来阅读，或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的乐趣
在家庭中代代相传”。故选B。
8. 【2020全国卷III阅读理解B篇】
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One
nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more
than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ"
and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated
properly.
26. What does the underlined phrase "keeping tabs on" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally.
C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully.
【参考答案】
D词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or
animals in filmed entertainment”（一个非营利组织，监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇）以及下文 Already, anumber of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger
of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.（许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿
醉Ⅱ”和“管理员”,引起了动物保护人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。）由此可知，
其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。由此判断出，划线词的意思是
“密切关注”。故选D项。
9. 【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解C篇】
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the
Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of
lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land,
and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English
in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to? （ ）
A. Developing a serious mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
【参考答案】
D词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代第一段的内容，
根据第一段最后一句”A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article
about the disappearance of the Aral Sea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于
咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。
10. 【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解D篇】
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our
eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating
with heavier people who order large portions（份）, it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
13. What does the underlined word "beanpoles" in paragraph 1 refer to? （ ）
A. Big eaters. B. Overweight persons.
C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persons.
【参考答案】
D词义猜测题。根据前半句“And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavierpeople who order large portions（份）”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一
起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是the beanpoles with big appetites。由contrary to可推断出，画线
词和heavier people（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavier people正好相反。
故选D。
11.【2019全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】
But he’s nervous.＂I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…＂Chris trips on the＂-ld,＂a
pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him,
whispering support.＂…Vote for …me …＂Except for some st u m bles , Chris is doing amazingly well. When he
brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
25. What does the underlined word ＂stumbles＂ in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
【参考答案】
A词义猜测题 根据第二段to tell you today why you should … should … Chris trips on the …可知Chris因
为紧张，演讲时说话有点磕巴，故此处stumbles指不恰当的停顿。
12.【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B篇】
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for
an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the
single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on…
At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, "Alright. Yes, I’ll do it."
25. What does the underlined phrase "tug at the heartstrings" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Encourage team work. B. Appeal to feelings.
C. Promote good deeds. D. Provide advice.
【参考答案】
B 词义猜测题 heartstrings是由heart + strings组成，可知此短语与心情有关。由上文可知，作者猜测这
位家长对于参与一项不熟悉的运动可能有一些顾虑，作者需要说服她。由I mention the single parent with four
kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on.可知，作者提到了一
位有四个孩子的单亲家长负责该活动；一位爸爸即便自己孩子没有加入球队，也给该球队执教。由此可猜
测出作者是想从感情上打动这位家长。
13.【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解B篇】"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns
that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they
are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China —
some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason
Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hill.
26.What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against
【参考答案】
D 词义猜测题 根据第四段最后一句 … beating them hands down in design and sales可知，Vera Wang,
Alexander Wang, Jason Wu这些人在设计和销售方面毫不费劲地打败了传统时尚大牌。故选D项。
14.【2019天津卷阅读理解D篇】
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was
Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）. And the story poses an interesting question: why do
some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before?
We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark. I’m not talking about
those who fail to get to the top. We can’t all get there. I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing
because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
52. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. End one’s struggle for liberty.
B. Waste one’s energy taking risks.
C. Miss the opportunity to succeed.
D. Lose the interest to continue learning.
【参考答案】
词义猜测题。根据第三段I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can’t all get there. I’m
talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and
opinions that all too often come with passing years.可知，作者谈论的不是那些没有到达巅峰的人，而是谈论那
些不再学习成长的人，故可知run out of steam可知，停止学习，故选D。1.【广东省广州市2021届高三一模】
Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist
Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms
attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax,
diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoek's original
work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy.
5．The underlined phrase “this legacy” in paragraph 3 refers to_______.
A．the discovery of microbes. B．Pasteur's theory of disease.
C．Leeuwenhoek's contribution. D．the origin of the tiny organism.
【参考答案】
C词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes
helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that
disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to
fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs
were the result of Leeuwenhoek's original work. (近两百年后，Leeuwenhoek对微生物的发现帮助法国化学家和
生物学家Louis Pasteur提出了他的“疾病理论”。这一概念认为，疾病起源于微小的生物体攻击和削弱身
体。巴斯德的理论后来帮助医生对抗了包括炭疽、白喉、小儿麻痹症、天花、破伤风和伤寒在内的传染病。
所有这些突破都是 Leeuwenhoek的原创性工作的结果)”以及下一段中“In a 1716 letter, he described his
contribution to science this way(在1716年的一封信中，他这样描述自己对科学的贡献)”可知，Leeuwenhoek的
发现对后来的疾病理论取得了重要的突破，而他本人并没有预见到他会有这些贡献。即画线词指的是
“Leeuwenhoek的贡献”。故选C。
2.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】
By the time I arrived, the sailing club had grown. At weekends, we would work on her all day, cleaning and
painting her, and collapse into sleeping bags on the floor at night. Then came the big day when a school sailing trip
was announced. Its destination was Saint-Malo. But it also meant that we had to refit the ship by removing every
piece of ballast(压舱物)and replacing the bilge water(底舱污水)before we were allowed to sail.And I did learn the ropes on that school trip. I learned how to operate a ship in the high waves. I learned the
meaning of teamwork and became a better team player. I also learned that the best fish is the one that you have caught
and cooked yourself from a boat that you have rebuilt and sailed yourself.
7．What does the underlined phrase “learn the ropes” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Learn to cook.
B．Master useful skills.
C．Ensure sailing safety.
D．Use ropes properly.
【参考答案】
B词句猜测题。根据第四段的“I learned how to operate a ship in the high waves. I learned the meaning of
teamwork and became a better team player. I also learned that the best fish is the one that you have caught and cooked
yourself from a boat that you have rebuilt and sailed yourself.”（我学会了如何在大浪中驾驶船。我学会了团队
合作的意义，并且成为了一个更好的团队合作者。我还了解到最好的鱼是你驾着自己修复的船抓来煮的
鱼。）可知，作者通过这次出海学到了很多有用的知识和技能。由此推知，划线部分的意思是“掌握了有
用的技能”。故选B。
3.【广东湛江一中2021届高三模拟】
On achieving success:
“When you make a choice and say, ‘Come hell or high water, I am going to be this,’ then you should not be
surprised when you are that. It should not be something that is intoxicating or out of character because you have seen
this moment for so long that ... when that moment comes, of course it is here because it has been here the whole time,
because it has been [in your mind] the whole time.”
On failure:
“I don’t mean to sound cavalier when I say that, but never. It’s basketball. I’ve practiced and practiced and
played so many times. There’s nothing truly to be afraid of, when you think about it ... Because I’ve failed before,
and I woke up the next morning, and I’m OK. People say bad things about you in the paper on Monday, and then on
Wednesday, you're the greatest thing since sliced bread. I’ve seen that cycle, so why would I be nervous about it
happening?”
5．The word “cavalier” in the 3rd paragraph probably means __________.
A．not serious or caring B．anxious and eagerC．worried and pessimistic D．not proud or arrogant
【参考答案】
A词义猜测题。根据第三段中It’s basketball. I’ve practiced and practiced and played so many times. There’s
nothing truly to be afraid of, when you think about it ... 这是篮球。我练习了很多次，很多次，很多次。当你
仔细想想，其实没什么好害怕的……由科比说自己练习了很多次，可知他对失败并不是说漫不经心或者不
在意的，因此猜测划线词cavalier意为“漫不经心的，不在意的”。故选A项。
4.【河北省石家庄市2021届高三质检】
“This must be a simply vast wardrobe!” thought Lucy, going still further in. Then she noticed that there was
something crunching under her feet. “Is that more mothball?” she thought, stooping down to feel it with her hand.
But instead of feeling the hard, smooth wood, she felt something soft and powdery and extremely cold. “This is
very queer,” she said, and went on a step or two further.
7．What does the underlined word “queer” mean?
A．Terrifying. B．Empty. C．Strange. D．Impressive.
【参考答案】
C词句猜测题。根据上文“Then she noticed that there was something crunching under her feet. “Is that more
mothball?” she thought, stooping down to feel it with her hand. But instead of feeling the hard, smooth wood, she
felt something soft and powdery and extremely cold.( 这时，她感到脚底下有什么东西在吱嘎吱哽作响。我难
道踩到了樟脑丸？她想，一边蹲下身来用手去摸。然而她摸到的不是坚硬而又光滑的木头橱底，而是一样
柔软的、粉末似的、冰冷的东西)”可知，露西在衣橱里摸到的不是橱子底，而是柔软的，粉末状的，冰冷
的东西，因此推断她会感到奇怪，故划线词词义与C项（奇怪的）意思相近。故选C。
5.【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】
In two-and-a-half years, the pair still have to replenish their incomes with some writing and editing, but the
business is growing and within five years they hope to be helping fund half a dozen research projects. It is a big task.
“Some days we think it would be great to turn it off,” MacCallum says, “but when we see the wonder on the face of
a person who is experiencing somewhere like the Galapagos for the first time, we know we are living a wonderful
life.”
7．The underlined word “replenish" in Paragraph 4 means _________.
A．consume B．supply C．reduce D．control
【参考答案】B词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“their incomes with some writing and editing, but the business is growing
and within five years they hope to be helping fund half a dozen research projects”可知，在两年半的时间里，这
对夫妇仍然需要通过一些写作和编辑来补给他们的收入，但他们的业务正在增长，他们希望在五年内为六
个研究项目提供资金。故画线词意思是“补给”。A. consume消耗；B. supply补给；C. reduce减少；D.
control控制。故选B。
6.【重庆市第八中学2021届高三二诊】
Professor Sabbatucci received hundreds of calls from people hoping to trick him into handing them the cash.
But there was one voice he recognized and he arranged to meet the man in a park. The robber, a 35-year-old
unemployed father of two, gave back the suitcase and burst into tears. He could not believe what was happening.
“Why didn’t you keep the money?” he asked. The professor replied, “I couldn’t because it’s not mine.” Then he
walked off, spurning the thief’s offer of a reward.
27．The underlined word “spurning” in the last sentence can be replaced by ________.
A．accepting B．claiming
C．rejecting D．cancelling
【参考答案】
C词句猜测题。根据所猜词上一句“The professor replied, “I couldn’t because it’s not mine.”(教授回复道，
我不能这样做，因为这不是我的)”可知，教授拒绝了抢劫犯给予的酬金，因为这不是他的钱。故所猜词
spurning的意思为“拒绝”。故选C。
7.【河北省张家口市2021届高三期末】
In 1985. C'harlie Burrell inherited （继承）a piece of land in West Sussex, England, which is 3.500 acres. It
had been in his family for more than 200 years. As it was a failing farm, he and his wife. Isabella Tree, were all set
to run a traditional farm, but soon realized the costs far outweighed the profits. The land wasn't suitable for growing
crops anymore.
So. in 2001, the couple decided to try something else — an experiment in “rewilding”， or restoring environments
to their natural state. They reintroduced native species, including Tamworth pigs, Exmoor ponies, longhorn cattle,
and deer. Then they took out all the fences and let the animals wander freely.
In the following years, the land went through an incredible change. The once neat fields were covered with
bushes, creating habitats where new plant and animal species could grow.Now it's home to many different creatures, including two rare species of bats, nightingales, peregrine falcons,
white storks, and even turtle doves, whose numbers have dropped by 98 percent in the U. K. over the last few
decades!
“We were living in a biological desert. Now, ecologists are blown away all the time by just the amount of life
here," Isabella said. "It shows the potential that this kind of project has for changing trends of biodiversity decline.
What's more, the land is now profitable! Charlie and Isabella offer multiple services there, including walking
tours, safaris, photography classes, and rewilding workshops. They also sell meat to control their large animal
populations, and even allow visitors to spend a night outside in the tents they set up.
What a promising outcome! This is amazing news for conservationists and shows that our planet can be returned
to its natural glory, if only we let it. Now, it's a beautiful reminder of how ecosystems can be restored by letting
Mother Nature take the control.
【参考答案】
B 词句猜测题。根据第五段“It shows the potential that this kind of project has for changing trends of
biodiversity decline.（它显示了这类项目在改变生物多样性下降趋势方面的潜力。）”以及文中表明夫妇的
土地上生物种类和数量很多，可以推断，这里的生命数量给生态学家留下了深刻印象。“blown away”意思
是留下深刻印象。故选B项。
8.【河北省张家口市第一中学2021届高三期中】
The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years,
dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water
pistol.
I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit.
"Please bring that pistol to me," I said. "I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box."
"What's that?" they asked.
"It's a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren," I replied,
"You don't have grandchildren," someone said.
"I don't now." I replied. "But someday I will. When I do, my box will be full of wonderful things for them."
My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring, and later. Sometimes. students would ask me to
describe all the things I had in it. Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken
away—since I seldom actually kept them. Usually the offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would
return the belonging.25．What do the underlined words "the offender" in paragraph 8 refer to?
A．The student's parent. B．The maker of the Grandma's Box.
C．The author's grandchild. D．The owner of the forbidden fruit.
【参考答案】
D词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“I would return the belonging”结合上文提到作者把学生带到学校的玩
具称为“禁果”，且作者的“盒子”里装的就是“禁果”，所以作者等到这些禁果的拥有者在一天结束的
时候出现，然后就会归还他们的物品。由此可知，划线词意思为“禁果的拥有者”。故选D。
9.【2020届8月贵州省贵阳市普通高中高三摸底】
As it turned out, it not only shocked the US actress, but also brought criticism from those who believed Fanning
was too young compared to other veterans in the industry. But Fanning’s acting experience was in fact a good
argument for her jury membership. In fact, Fanning has been a Hollywood fixture for longer than you realize.
4. What does the underlined word “veterans” probably mean?
A. shocked actresses B. green hands C experienced people D. music producers
【参考答案】
C词义猜测题。根据上文Fanning was too young compared to other可知Fanning相比于那些有经验的人
们，还是太年轻了。故可推测划线部分单词意思为“有经验的人”。故选C。
10.【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2021届高三期中】
It’s been less than a month since Arnold, a Texas high school student, was forbidden from going to the prom and
graduation unless he cut his locs. As his story spread on social media, celebrities and activists came to Arnold’s
defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school’s hair discrimination. Now, in a significant turn of events, he’s
proudly wearing his own hair-style at the 2020 Oscars.
Arnold and his mother were invited to attend as the guests of director Matthew A．Cherry, who won the award
for Best Animated Short Film for Hair Love tonight. Fittingly, the short film tells the story of a Black father learning
to style his daughter’s natural hair.
Arnold told us he couldn’t wait to walk the red carpet with the Hair Love team. “I’m so grateful. I never expected
any of this,” Arnold says. “The message of that movie and my message go together so well. I think it’s really amazing
how they reached out to me and how we can fight this together.”
5．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Violence. B．Discrimination. C．Panic. D．Starvation.【参考答案】
B词句猜测题。根据第一段“As his story spread on social media, celebrities and activists came to Arnold’s
defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school’s hair discrimination. Now, in a significant turn of events, he’s
proudly wearing his own hair-style at the 2020 Oscars. ” 随着他的故事在社交媒体上传开，名人和活动家们都
来为阿诺德辩护，并鼓励他勇敢地面对学校对头发的歧视。现在，事态发生了重大转折，他将骄傲地在
2020年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上留着自己的发型。由此可以推断出划线词所在的句子意思是我们如何共同与“对
头发的歧视”作斗争，因此this指代的就是歧视，故选B
11.【湖南省郴州市2021届高三第二次质量检测】
While studying, I began exploring Mexico, crossing the country several times by bus. Now I work as a
photojournalist in Mexico and along the border, documenting desperate situations that face everyday Mexicans.
Though necessary and important, news stories don’t reflect the Mexico that I fell for and that is home to so many
people I love. A task focused on the country’s natural beauty was a welcome reprieve for me.
9．What can best replace the underlined word “reprieve” in Paragraph 2?
A．Memory. B．Idea. C．Victory. D．Relief.
【参考答案】
D 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Now I work as a photojournalist in Mexico and along the border,
documenting desperate situations that face everyday Mexicans. Though necessary and important, news stories don’t
reflect the Mexico that I fell for and that is home to so many people I love. (现在我是一名摄影记者，在墨西哥和
边境沿线工作，记录墨西哥人每天面临的绝望处境。尽管这是必要和重要的，但新闻报道并没有反映出我
深爱的墨西哥，那里有那么多我爱的人)”可知，作者作为摄影记者在墨西哥工作，记录着墨西哥人每天都
面临的危险状况，而这样的新闻反映不出作者喜欢的墨西哥。现在有这样一个关注墨西哥自然美的工作机
全，对作者来说是一个让他开心的缓解机会。故画线词意思为“缓解”。A. Memory.记忆；B. Idea.主意；
C. Victory.胜利；D. Relief.缓解。故选D。
12.【湖南省湖南师大附中2021届高三月考三】
Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps'
record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clark said about his win."I was
so happy that I was able to beat that record.”
Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the most decorated Olympian in history,
with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had justseen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director,
wrote in an email.
5．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“decorated”in Paragraph 4?
A．Being popular.
B．Being respected.
C．Being talked about most.
D．Being awarded medals.
【参考答案】
D词义猜测题。A. Being popular.流行的，受欢迎的；B. Being respected.受尊敬的；C. Being talked about
most.被谈论的最多的；D. Being awarded medals.被授予奖牌。根据第四段中的伴随状语“with 28 medals
overall（总共有28枚奖牌）”可推测，菲尔普斯是历史上被授予奖牌最多的奥运会选手。故选择D项。
13.【辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2021届高三期末】
The artists of Creative Growth will be on view throughout the month of August, coupled with musical
performances and film screenings organized by L.A．Takedown. All proceeds from the month will benefit the artists
and space. The money will be used to improve the condition of the studio and for the development of the artists.
“L.A．doesn’t really have a place like Creative Growth,” Olson said, discussing his hopes for the show.
14．What does the underlined word “proceeds” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Activities. B．Work
C．Profits D．Arrangement
【参考答案】
C词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“All proceeds from the month will benefit the artists and space. The money
will be used to improve the condition of the studio and for the development of the artists. ”可知，这个月所有的
proceeds都将造福艺术家和空间。这笔钱将用于改善工作室的条件和促进艺术家的发展。根据句意，结合
的上文提到的展出和下文的money，可推知划线词的意思是“收益”，即八月艺术展的收益。A. Activities.
活动； B. Work工作；C. Profits利润，收益； D. Arrangement安排。故选C。
14.【辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2021届高三期末】
“I tested it at home and just couldn’t believe the result. I sprayed it in Sienna’ s room first and the floor was
immediately silenced,” said Lanzarotti. “Eight months later, it was still silent. It felt like a huge relief. When Tracy
saw the difference for the first time, her face just lit up. You can treat a couple of rooms in an hour.” he added. “It’ sa no-brainer for any parents with noisy floors, and it’ll be life-changing.”
7．What do the underlined word “a no-brainer” in the last paragraph mean?
A．A difficult decision. B．An unusual effort.
C．A real headache. D．An easy job.
【参考答案】
D词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“You can treat a couple of rooms in an hour.”可知，你可以在一个小时
内处理几个房间，因此对于那些想解决地板噪音问题的父母来说，这是一件轻而易举的事，由此可知画线
词词义为“轻而易举的事”，故选D。
15.【湖北省黄冈市2021届高三调研】
I might be letting my young son watch too much television. I am certainly watching too many of his programs.
They can really be perplexing as they force you to think carefully about the mysteries of life.
For example, when Franklin (the turtle) wanted a pet, his parents didn’t want it to be a frog. They felt that frogs
belong in a pond. Isn’t that where turtles belong?
4．What does the underlined word “perplexing” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Boring. B．Humorous. C．Confusing. D．Curious.
【参考答案】
C词句猜测题。根据第一段中“They can really be perplexing as they force you to think carefully about the
mysteries of life. (它们确实perplexing，因为它们迫使你仔细思考生命的奥秘)”由它们迫使人仔细思考。由此
可知，它们是令人困惑的，因此猜测划线词perplexing意为“令人费解的，让人困惑的”。故选C项。
