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第 32 讲 阅读七选五-段首设空题（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题七选五-段首设空题考点细目表
试卷 年份 体裁 主题语境 文 章 选项特征 设空位置
结构 段首 段中 段位
乙卷 2023 说明文 人与自然-室内 总 — 残缺句＋ 0 3 2
植物、及其好处 分 完整句
甲卷 2023 说明文 人与自我--变得 总 — 残缺句＋ 1 3 1
有耐心的方法 分 完整句
新高考 2023 说明文 人与自我--学会 总 — 完整句 0 4 1
Ⅰ卷 自我原谅 分 —
总
新高考 2023 说明文 人与自我--怎样 总 — 完整句 1 3 1
Ⅱ卷 开启艺术之旅 分 —
总
人与社会——人际 残缺句＋
2022 应用文 总—分 3 1 1
关系 完整句
全 国
人与社会——人际 总—分 残缺句＋
卷 2021 说明文 2 2 1
交往 —总 完整句
Ⅰ/全
人与自我——自我
国 2020 说明文 总—分 完整句 1 3 1
接纳
乙卷
人与自然——新鲜
2019 说明文 总—分 完整句 2 3 0
空气有助于健康
人与社会——社会 总—分 残缺句＋
2022 说明文 1 3 1
与文化 —总 完整句
全 国
人与自然——环境 残缺句＋
卷 2021 说明文 总—分 1 4 0
保护 完整句
Ⅱ/全
人与社会——表情 残缺句＋
国 2020 说明文 并列式 1 4 0
符号与职场交流 完整句
甲卷
人与自我——有动
2019 议论文 总—分 完整句 1 4 0
力的方法
人与社会——乔迁
2020 说明文 总—分 完整句 2 2 1
全国 聚会
卷Ⅲ
人与自我——建立
2019 说明文 总—分 完整句 1 3 1
健康有益的互动交
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】流
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
从近三年高考试题来看，英语阅读理解“七选五”空位置题目在段首多考查：主旨句或承上启下句。
【备考策略】
1．广泛阅读，尤其是内容贴近生活、贴近时代的“关爱自我、关注社会、关心环境”型材料。
2．培养和提升语篇理解能力、逻辑思辨能力，树立“语篇框架(脉络)”意识，具体方式如下：
【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2024年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文
为主，段首句也是考查重点。
题型总览
若问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。若是针对段落小标题设空。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同。选项应
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】短小精评，多为名词词组、动名词短语或祈使向。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么
是段落主题句。选项要有概括性。
考点一 小标题或段落主题句
（2023年新高考II卷）
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.
.
A Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】19. D
【解析】设空处位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈)
is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make
me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非
常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都
让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you
feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
1．判断是不是段落主题句
(1)根据段落一致性原则认真阅读空格后内容，从词汇及句意两个方面判断其中的某个选项是否可以涵盖该
段主旨。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】(2)着重阅读挖空后面的第一、二句，确定相关信息词。阅读时要学会瞻前顾后，注重逻辑关系的一致性。
2．判断是不是承上启下句
除第一段之外的其他段落段首设题时也有可能是承上启下句(第二段段首设题时该情况最常见)，这时需要
在熟悉上一段(段尾)内容的前提下，结合该段的其余内容，分析所选的答案是否能够将两个段落连贯起来。
3．利用平衡原则
对于有特殊标识的文章(如加黑、数字排序或其他特殊标识)做出选择时要充分利用与其他段落的平衡原则，
如：是不是祈使句(如上文)，平衡部分的主语是不是具有统一性等。有时这种关系也会体现在段落内部。
[2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学第二次学业质量评价检测]
____4____ And not always in a good way. For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab
took more risks when their friends were around. Researchers also looked at the teens’ brains during this task. They
saw activity in a part of the brain that’s involved in rewards, which suggests the teens were changing their behavior
to try to get social approval.
A．It can also lower the viewer’s self-control.
B．A popular post doesn’t necessarily mean it is a quality post.
C．It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.
D．Their brains respond to those likes by turning on the reward center.
E．And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them.
F．But those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection.
G．Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.
4．C 根据空后的“And not always in a good way. (而且并不总是以一种好的方式。)”以及下文中的举例
“For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were
around.(例如，在2011年的一项研究中，当朋友在身边时，在实验室做驾驶任务的青少年会冒更多的风
险。)”可知，本段讲述的是青少年朋友在身边的影响，而且影响不总是好的，C选项“It’s no surprise:
Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.(这并不奇怪：来自同龄人的反馈会影响青少年的行为方式。)”
讲述的是来自同龄人的反馈对青少年行为的影响，与空后内容衔接合理，且与举例说明的内容吻合。故选
C。
考点二 注释小标题
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】(2023·全国甲卷·片段)
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience
something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to
yourself, “___20Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding___.” You’ll then gradually
become more patient.
【解题】 设空处位于本段段首。根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the
only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about
the circumstances. ”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，
本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C 选项“接受不舒服”符
合语境。
[2023·江苏省苏北七市高三二模]
Conscious (有意识的) living is not just a trend. ____1____ It is about being intentional with everything you
do — your words, actions, beliefs, habits, and choices. Accepting conscious living takes some effort, but it is
worthwhile. Here are some ways you can achieve this goal.
●Be conscious about your time.
Time is the most precious thing because there is no way to live a moment again. ____2____ If you waste your
precious hours doing negative things, you will regret it later. The first step for living consciously is to be wise about
your time. Be selective about things you spend it on, and allocate (分配) it for positive activities.
●____3____
You cannot achieve them unless you understand your needs and intentions. It is easier said than done because
most people fail to make an effort to know themselves. Spend time thinking over and knowing your strengths and
weaknesses. Once you know yourself better, you can create a plan to work towards becoming more patient, honest,
and forgiving.
A．Know yourself better.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B．Accept the person you are.
C．Life can be a lot better with the right decisions.
D．It is a healthy choice that enables you to be happy.
E．Pick it as a daily habit, and you will notice the difference.
F．The way you spend your time determines the course of your life.
G．The best way to build self-belief is by reflecting on your own thoughts.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何学会有意识地生活。
1．D根据上文“Conscious (有意识的) living is not just a trend.(有意识的生活不仅仅是一种时尚)”中“not
just”可知，有意识的生活不仅仅是一种时尚，因此下文会更一进定义有意识的生活，D“It is a healthy choice
that enables you to be happy.(它是一种健康的选择，能让你快乐)”提出有意识的生活还能带来快乐，与上文
构成递进关系，句中代词it指代上文中“Conscious (有意识的) living”。故选D。
2．F上文“Time is the most precious thing because there is no way to live a moment again.(时间是最宝贵的东
西，因为没有办法让一个瞬间重来)”分析了时间宝贵的原因，F项“The way you spend your time determines
the course of your life.(你如何利用时间，决定了你的人生轨迹)”承接上文，说明利用时间对人生的重意义，
照应本段主题“Be conscious about your time.(要意识到你的时间)”，上下文语意连贯一致。故选F。
3．A设空处是本段标题，根据下文“You cannot achieve them unless you understand your needs and intentions.
It is easier said than done because most people fail to make an effort to know themselves. Spend time thinking over
and knowing your strengths and weaknesses. Once you know yourself better, you can create a plan to work towards
becoming more patient, honest, and forgiving.(除非你了解自己的需求和意图，否则你无法实现这些目标。这
说起来容易做起来难，因为大多数人都没有努力去了解自己。花点时间思考并了解自己的优点和缺点。一
旦你更了解自己，你就可以制定一个计划，让自己变得更有耐心、诚实和宽容)”可知，本段主要讲要去了
解自己，所以A项“Know yourself better.(更好地了解自己)”是最佳标题。故选A。
【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
____ 3 9____
Ask yourself why so many people are drawn to countless travel trips or destinations. Even if you disagree with
everything that travel agencies say, exploring the viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid
to you appeal to others. This will allow you to explore alternatives, evaluate your own choices, and ultimately help
you make more informed decisions.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
39．A该题是标题选择。结合下文“Even if you disagree with everything that travel agencies say, exploring the
viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid to you appeal to others.(即使你不同意旅行社所
说的一切，探索这些观点也可能解释为什么一些对你来说似乎无效的路线会吸引其他人。)”可知，要去探
索他人的观点。这与选项A项“Explore other points of view (探索他人的观点)”相一致，故选A。
考点三 段落间的过渡句
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a
couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38.The food is so delicious that you don't need
much of it to make you happy.French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth
like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I
bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were
the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率)．You can tell this by café life. French
cafés are always crowded. 40. Not all the customers are tourists.When do these people work? The French take their
35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of
companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【解析】 根据空处所在的位置可知，该空是承上启下的过渡句。设空处的上一段介绍了法国人吃得
少的一个原因是他们的食物美味，根据空后内容可知，该段主要讲述的是法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即
水果价格昂贵。设空处应起到承上启下的过渡作用。分析选项可知，E项符合语境，且该项中的That指代
上文论述的原因。
[2023·湖北省十一校第二次联考]
If you’ve had a bad night’s sleep, or you’ve just got too much to do, the last thing you want to be told is to “be
positive!” ____1____ .
Of course, developing a positive attitude is easier said than done -it doesn’t come naturally to everyone. When
you’re feeling down, it is hard to be optimistic. But a study has found that people who are optimists are more likely
to live longer than those who have a more negative approach to life. So, maybe once you think of a longer life,
____2____
The study concluded that optimists may find it easier to control emotions and get less stressed. And as stress
impacts on the immune system, ____3____. Professor Lewina Lee from Boston University said: “Our findings
speak to the possibility that raising levels of optimism may promote longevity and healthy aging. ”And she advises
that pessimists could benefit from doing things like imagining a future where everything turns out well.
But if you’re a ‘glass half empty’ type of person, could seeing the world through rose-tinted glasses work for
you? Every bean has its black. ____4____ Some people say it’s best to celebrate the positives and ignore the
negative parts of our lives.
____5____. Vicki Siska says “Music feeds my soul, a sense of humour keeps things in perspective”. Pippa
Kennedy says “being grateful for what you have!” Other people recommend doing yoga and meditation as well as
staying fit to help maintain a positive outlook on life.
A．Accepting this helps us control our emotions
B．Accept it and make efforts to improve yourself
C．it’s possible that optimists better handle infections
D．But having this mindset could have many benefits
E．But it could help you have a positive outlook on life
F．it might encourage you to have a more hopeful outlook on life
G．People have their personal advice on keeping a positive approach to life
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。保持乐观的生活态度有助于你长寿和控制情绪等好处以及保持乐观的生
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】活态度的几点建议。
1．D根据上文“If you’ve had a bad night’s sleep, or you’ve just got too much to do, the last thing you want to be
told is to “be positive!” (如果你晚上睡得不好，或者你有太多事情要做，你最不想被告知的就是“保持积
极！”)”并结合下文介绍保持乐观的心态可以让你长寿, 更容易控制情绪和减少压力等好处可知，虽然不
想被告知要“保持积极”，但事实上“保持积极”这种心态有很多好处。D项“But having this mindset
could have many benefits(但拥有这种心态会有很多好处)”符合题意，承上启下。故选D。
2．F空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“When you’re feeling down, it is hard to be optimistic. But a study
has found that people who are optimists are more likely to live longer than those who have a more negative
approach to life. So, maybe once you think of a longer life, (当你情绪低落时，很难乐观。但一项研究发现，乐
观主义者比消极主义者更有可能长寿。所以，也许一旦你想到长寿)”可知，虽然情绪低落时很难保持乐观，
但一想到乐观可以长寿，这可能鼓励我们看生活积极的一面，对生活充满希望。F项“it might encourage
you to have a more hopeful outlook on life(它可能会鼓励你对生活有更大的希望)”符合题意，选项和上句是明
显的因果关系。故选F。
3．C根据上文“The study concluded that optimists may find it easier to control emotions and get less stressed.
And as stress impacts on the immune system,(研究得出的结论是，乐观主义者可能会发现更容易控制情绪，
压力更小。随着压力对免疫系统的影响)”推知，空处应陈述当压力影响免疫系统时，乐观主义者更擅长处
理由此引起的疾病或不适症状。C项“it’s possible that optimists better handle infections(乐观主义者有可能更
好地处理感染)”符合题意，与上文衔接自然，infections呼应上文的immune system。故选C。
4．A 根据上文“But if you’re a ‘glass half empty’ type of person, could seeing the world through rose-tinted
glasses work for you? Every bean has its black.(但如果你是一个“半空的杯子”类型的人，那么透过玫瑰色的
眼镜看世界对你有用吗?人人都有缺点)”和下文“Some people say it’s best to celebrate the positives and ignore
the negative parts of our lives.(有些人说，最好是庆祝我们生活中积极的一面，而忽略我们生活中消极的部
分)”可知，人人都有缺点，我们应该庆祝生活中积极的一面。由此可知，我们应该接受人都不完美，这样
能控制好自己的情绪，在更大程度上做一个积极的人。A项“Accepting this helps us control our emotions(接
受这一点有助于我们控制自己的情绪)”符合题意，this指代上文的“Every bean has its black.”。故选A。
5．G空处位于段首，是本段主旨句。根据下文“Vicki Siska says “Music feeds my soul, a sense of humour
keeps things in perspective”. Pippa Kennedy says “being grateful for what you have!” Other people recommend
doing yoga and meditation as well as staying fit to help maintain a positive outlook on life.(Vicki Siska 说：“音
乐滋养着我的灵魂，幽默感让事情保持正确的视角。”Pippa Kennedy：“要感激你所拥有的！”其他人建
议做瑜伽、冥想以及保持健康，以帮助保持积极的人生观)”可知，本段主要介绍人们对如何保持乐观态度
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】的个人建议。G项“People have their personal advice on keeping a positive approach to life(人们对保持积极的
生活方式有自己的个人建议)”可以作为本段主旨句，下文是对本句的举例说明。故选G。
过关检测
（2023·湖南长沙·雅礼中学校考三模）Active listening is a valuable skill in which the listener makes a conscious
effort to understand the speaker’s entire message. Below are five benefits of active listening and what they can do
for you at work.
Active listening can help achieve understanding. The conflict resolution skills of different people vary. 1
Very often we only hear what we want to hear. However, being able to understand another point of view completely
can avoid many potentially negative outcomes.
Active listening can resolve conflict. People involved in conflict often feel misunderstood. 2 If you
aim to resolve conflicts at work, and encourage others to do the same, you must begin by listening to the opposing
point of view objectively.
Active listening is an essential part of learning. 3 Active listening is a skill that allows you to
acquire the knowledge which could lead your company into a better future.
4 Listening to the whole message means you’re engaging on a deeper level with the speaker. It
allows you to absorb more precise details from the conversation itself. If you’re receiving instructions or training,
you will be able to recall details more easily.
Active listening can help you become a good leader. As a leader, when you listen to what your followers have
to say, you understand them better. 5 You’ll be able to work out with colleagues or employees about
where improvements can be made for the benefit of all involved.
A．Active listening can help in dealing with emergencies.
B．In turn, your workplace communication skills will improve.
C．Leaders should always be open to exploring something new.
D．Active listening will help avoid missing important information.
E．Some people naturally know how to step into someone else’s shoes.
F．The reason they argue is that they don’t fully know each other’s positions.
G．It’s easy to become distracted when someone is speaking to us in a workplace.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．D 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了积极主动倾听他人的好处。
1．根据前句“The conflict resolution skills of different people vary. (不同的人解决冲突的技巧是不同的。)”可
知，前后句存在解释关系，说明有些人很自然地就知道如何站在别人的角度考虑问题。所以选择项
E“Some people naturally know how to step into someone else’s shoes. (有些人天生就知道如何换位思考。)”符
合上下文语境。故选E。
2．根据前句“People involved in conflict often feel misunderstood. (卷入冲突的人常常感到被误解。)”可知，
前后句存在因果关系，说明冲突的理由是因为他们没有完全了解对方的立场。所以选择项F“The reason
they argue is that they don’t fully know each other’s positions. (他们争论的原因是他们不完全了解对方的立
场。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
3．根据后句“Active listening is a skill that allows you to acquire the knowledge which could lead your company
into a better future. (积极倾听是一种技能，它可以让你获得知识，从而带领你的公司走向更美好的未来。)”
可知，前后句存在递进关系，说明作为领导者应该对学习新事物持开放的态度。所以选择项C“Leaders
should always be open to exploring something new. (领导者应该总是乐于探索新事物。)”符合上下文语境。故
选C。
4．根据后文“Listening to the whole message means you’re engaging on a deeper level with the speaker. It
allows you to absorb more precise details from the conversation itself. If you’re receiving instructions or training,
you will be able to recall details more easily. (倾听整个信息意味着你在更深层次上与演讲者交流。它能让你从
谈话中吸收更精确的细节。如果你正在接受指导或培训，你就能更容易地回忆起细节。)”可知，本段主要
讲积极主动倾听他人会避免遗漏重要的信息，D项与本段内容吻合，总领该段。所以选择项D“Active
listening will help avoid missing important information. (积极倾听是学习的重要组成部分。)”符合上下文语境。
故选D。
5．根据前句“As a leader, when you listen to what your followers have to say, you understand them better. (作为
一名领导者，当你倾听下属的想法时，你就能更好地理解他们。)”可知，选项内容与本段前句的内容存在
递进关系，说明领导通过倾听下属的想法，你的沟通技巧会得到提高。所以选择项B“In turn, your
workplace communication skills will improve. (反过来，你的职场沟通技巧也会提高。)”符合上下文语境。故
选B。
（2023·云南·云南师大附中校考模拟预测）How to Overcome Fear
Everyone experiences fear sometimes. Fear can actually help keep you safe by alerting you to potentially
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】dangerous situations. 6 . Fortunately, there are things you can do to address your fears and minimize the
impact it has on you.
7 . It is quite normal to fear. However, when fears begin to take over your life and affect your
functioning, they become a problem. Reflect on your fears and notice how much they affect your life.
Realize that it’s okay to have fears. Fear is an adaptive function that prolongs our lives. Fear triggers a
“fight-or-flight” response, which readies our bodies to take action in order to protect ourselves.
Understand your triggers. Is it something obvious, like the sight of a snake on a trail? Figure out everything
that triggers your fear. 8 .
Imagine the outcome you desire. Now that you better understand your fear, think about what exactly you
want to change. 9 . How do you feel?
Practice engaging with the fear. The power to label your emotions is beneficial for self-understanding and
emotional intelligence.
Make your fear a source of fascination. Try to re-frame your fear in a positive light and acknowledge the
thrill it can offer. When you start seeing fear as a source of energy, you might even embrace its role in your life.
10 . Once the discomfort of the initial wave of fear passes, examine it more closely to see what you can learn.
A．However, there are times when fear runs overwhelming and disturbs your daily life
B．Start seeing fear as an opportunity
C．Recognize when fears become overwhelming
D．The more you can know about your fear, the better
E．Think about yourself experiencing life without your fear
F．Figure out exactly what power your fear has over your mind and behavior
G．Acknowledge what comes up with no attachment to “good” or “bad”
【答案】6．A 7．C 8．D 9．E 10．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种应对恐惧的方法。
6．下文“Fortunately, there are things you can do to address your fears and minimize the impact it has on you.(幸
运的是，你可以做一些事情来解决你的恐惧，并将其对你的影响降至最低)”可知，恐惧是可以解决的，A
项“然而，有时恐惧会压倒一切，扰乱你的日常生活”和下文构成内容上的转折关系，指出生活中虽然有
恐惧的危害，但是幸运的是你可以作一些事情来解决恐惧。故选A项。
7．下文“It is quite normal to fear. However, when fears begin to take over your life and affect your functioning,
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】they become a problem.(恐惧是很正常的。然而，当恐惧开始占据你的生活并影响你的表现时，它们就会成
为一个问题)”可知，本段介绍了你需要甄别恐惧感的水平，C项“甄别恐惧感何时变得势不可挡”是对本
段内容的概括总结，为本段的主题句。故选C项。
8．上文“Is it something obvious, like the sight of a snake on a trail? Figure out everything that triggers your fear.
(这是不是很明显，比如看到一条蛇在路上？找出引发你恐惧的一切)”可知，你要了解引发你恐惧的原因，
D项“你对自己的恐惧了解得越多越好”和上文构成内容上的承接，指出找出恐惧的原因后要对其进行了
解。故选D项。
9．上文“Imagine the outcome you desire.(想象一下你想要的结果)”可知，本段主要讲述的是想象你需要的
结果，E项“想想自己在没有恐惧的情况下体验生活”中的life without your fear是对上文中的the outcome
you desire的具体解释，指明想要的结果就是在没有恐惧的情况下体验生活，故选E项。
10．上文“When you start seeing fear as a source of energy, you might even embrace its role in your life.(当你开
始将恐惧视为一种能量来源时，你甚至可能会接受它在你生活中的作用)”和B项“开始将恐惧视为一个机
会”构成因果关系，因为恐惧可以视为一种能量来源，会对人们产生益处，所以可以开始将恐惧是为一次
机会。故选B项。
（2023·湖南娄底·统考模拟预测）University life is full of fun and experiences. But to make learning much
more enjoyable, you should follow certain steps that will help you out in keeping your stress level down and having
the most of the fun in the university.
Always get involved in the events. Doing something every day is very important not only in the university life
but also in the practical life. 11 Be active and smart. Join the societies, which will help you develop
personality and increase your confidence.
Always show up. Showing people that you are there with them and always will be. Offer help to everybody. In
this way more people will know you and you will be able to wipe off your fear of social interaction. 12
Make as many friends as possible. Don’t restrict yourself in making friends; it will help increase your
knowledge. You will learn a lot about different cultures and this will help you with your practical life too. By
communicating with different people you’ ll learn different interesting aspects of their lives.
13 If you keep thinking all the time about future, you will end up being depressed. You start losing
your focus and begin to worry about less important things. 14 Release your stress and be present-
focused. It will greatly help you in accomplishing your goals and achieving happiness.
Keep a balance. 15 Being extreme in one field might bring astonishing results, but this will affect
other aspects of your life. Keep a balance between short-term goals and long-term benefits. This will help you in
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】achieving a perfect and enjoyable life.
A．Do not waste time doing nothing.
B．Just relax and stop thinking about the future.
C．Never move towards the extreme and try living an average life.
D．Be present-focused.
E．Some students may like to have many friends and enjoy a party lifestyle.
F．The more people you know, the easier it will be for you to walk around without being shy.
G．Nobody cares if you miss class, don’t eat properly, nor don’t go to a party.
【答案】11．A 12．F 13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何在大学里释放压力，获得更多快乐。
11．由上文“Doing something every day is very important not only in the university life but also in the practical
life. (每天做一些事情不仅在大学生活中非常重要，在现实生活中也是如此。)”可知，此处表示不要无所事
事，而A 项Do not waste time doing nothing.(不要浪费时间无所事事。)符合语境，其中的 doing nothing 与
上文Doing something 相呼应。故选A项。
12．由上文“In this way more people will know you and you will be able to wipe off your fear of social
interaction. (这样，更多的人会了解你，你就能消除对社交的恐惧。)”可知，此处表示你了解的人越多，你
越容易和人们接触，就越不会感觉害羞。而F项The more people you know, the easier it will be for you to
walk around without being shy.(你认识的人越多，你就越容易不害羞地四处走动。)符合语境，其中being shy
和上文your fear of social interaction对应。故选 F项。
13．由下文“If you keep thinking all the time about future, you will end up being depressed. (若你们一直在思考
未来，你们最终会感到沮丧。)”以及“Release your stress and be present-focused. (释放压力，专注于当
下。)”可知，本段作者强调不要过多担心未来，而应着手现在。而D项Be present-focused(专注于当下)符
合语境，对下文有总结作用，符合为段落的主题句。故选D项。
14．由下文“Release your stress and be present-focused. (释放压力，专注于当下。)”可知，此处表示放松，
不要想着未来。而B项Just relax and stop thinking about the future.(放松一下，别再想着未来了。)符合语境，
其中Just relax与下文Release your stress对应。故选B项。
15．由下文“Being extreme in one field might bring astonishing results, but this will affect other aspects of your
life. (在一个领域表现极端可能会带来惊人的结果，但这会影响你生活的其他方面。)” 可知，此处表示不要
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】走极端，尽量过普通的生活。而C项Never move towards the extreme and try living an average life.(永远不要
走向极端，试着过普通的生活。)符合语境，其中move towards the extreme 与下文Being extreme对应。故
选C项。
（2023·四川·模拟预测）If you feel that life cannot be worse for you, it’ll be arduous to think positively.
When stressed, dampened, hurt in a passive state of mind, for you’re aware that misfortune keeps taking place
nonstop, it’s highly crucial to convert passive thoughts into something uplifting. 16 .
It’s often difficult to think positively if most things abound you are passive, yet assure yourself that definitely
someone is even worse than you. 17 . When you kick off with one small but positive thing and adore it
during the course of your day, you’ll start to get into a more positive situation and hence people could begin turning
up in your life and be a vital part of your life.With sincere appreciation, you’ll find out that as time lapses, you’ll be
able to change your values and choose to embrace happiness despite those bad events about you. 18 .
●Commence and conclude each day with a sentence of appreciation like “Thank you for having me a fabulous
and fresh day.”
●When your boss pushed you too hard to accept, soliloquize yourself: I feel thankful for the current
employment, for I understand that at least there have still been so many peers competing fiercely to vie for
employment.”
● If you are have health-related problems, appreciate all that still do work: your eyes see,your ears hear, and
your brain thinks so on and so forth.
●Write down anything for which you’re grateful per day. When you’re really let down, read aloud and loudly
what you wrote during the last days,weeks, months,etc. 19 . If you can keep practising this in a regular
manner, you’ll ultimately find what you’ve been pursuing for so long.
Anyway, the very key is to get yourself dive into cheerful thoughts and ideas and then maintain them for long
enough so as to attain the power of appreciation. 20 .
A．This will help uplift your spirits.
B．If not, you’ll only induce more misfortunes.
C．It’s of vital importance to demonstrate your gratitude.
D．The more you appreciate, the more delighted you’ll feel.
E．You’ve made quite a few achievements during your career.
F．Here are a few general instances for you to practise.
G．You could choose to consider differently by means of starting with the smallest steps.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】16．B 17．G 18．F 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是幸福起源于感激并提出了几条常见的训练感激的方法。
16．根据空前的“When stressed, dampened, hurt in a passive state of mind, for you’re aware that misfortune
keeps taking place nonstop, it’s highly crucial to convert passive thoughts into something uplifting.(当你处于紧张、
沮丧、受伤的消极心态时，因为你知道不幸总是不停地发生，把消极的想法转变成令人振奋的事情是非常
重要的。)”可知，在遭遇不幸的时候，将消极的想法转变成积极的想法是非常重要的，B选项“If not,
you’ll only induce more misfortunes.(否则，你只会招来更多的不幸。)”讲述的内容与空前内容相对应，符合
语境。故选B项。
17．根据空前的“It’s often difficult to think positively if most things abound you are passive, yet assure yourself
that definitely someone is even worse than you.(如果大多数事情都是被动的，你通常很难积极地思考，但一定
要相信肯定有人比你更糟糕。)”可知，如果始终处于被动的情况，想要积极思考有很大的困难，而空后的
“When you kick off with one small but positive thing and adore it during the course of your day, you’ll start to get
into a more positive situation and hence people could begin turning up in your life and be a vital part of your life.
(当你开始做一件小而积极的事情，并在一天中热爱它，你会开始进入一个更积极的情况，因此，人们可能
会开始出现在你的生活中，成为你生活中至关重要的一部分。)”提到了，当从一些小的积极的事情开始做
起，可能会进入到下一个积极的环境中，由此可推断，此空处应提到从小事做起开始转变，G选项“You
could choose to consider differently by means of starting with the smallest steps.(您可以选择从最小的步骤开始
进行不同的考虑。)”中的starting with the smallest steps与空后的kicking off with one small but positive thing
相吻合，且内容吻合。故选G项。
18．分析语篇并结合下文中的“Commence and conclude each day with a sentence of appreciation like “Thank
you for having me a fabulous and fresh day.”(每天开始和结束的时候都要说一句感谢的话，比如“谢谢你让我
度过了美好而清新的一天。”)”等内容可知，此处应为引出下文中的提供的练习例子，F选项“Here are a
few general instances for you to practise.(这里有几个通用的例子供你练习。)”的内容引出下文，符合题意。
故选F项。
19．根据空前的“When you’re really let down, read aloud and loudly what you wrote during the last days,
weeks, months, etc.(当你真的失望的时候，大声朗读你在过去的几天、几周、几个月里写的东西。)”可知，
建议在失望的时候，大声朗读自己写的让你感激的内容，结合空后的“If you can keep practising this in a
regular manner, you’ll ultimately find what you’ve been pursuing for so long.(如果你能坚持定期练习，你最终会
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】发现你一直在追求的是什么。)”可知，此空处讲述的是大声朗读自己所写内容会带来什么效果，A选项
“This will help uplift your spirits.(这将有助于提升你的精神。)”中的this指代的与上文中的“大声朗读自己
写的内容”相吻合，且提出这样做的效果，与空前内容吻合。故选A项。
20．此空处位于文章最后，应是对本文的概括总结，根据空前的“Anyway, the very key is to get yourself
dive into cheerful thoughts and ideas and then maintain them for long enough so as to attain the power of
appreciation.(无论如何，关键是让自己沉浸在快乐的思想和想法中，然后保持它们足够长的时间，以获得
感激的力量。)”可知，无论如何，要上自己沉浸在快乐中，让其保持足够长的时间，以获取欣赏带来的力
量，D选项“The more you appreciate, the more delighted you’ll feel.(你越感激，你就会感到越快乐。)”中的
appreciate对应空前的appreciation，且讲述的内容承接了空前的内容，并总结概括了全文。故选D项。
（2023·云南保山·统考二模）Trees, plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every
day. We are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they
have given us. In fact, nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us. 21
People who are interested in exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s
ArtScience Museum. Shaped like a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade(滨海步道)
with the water surrounding it. Its roof collects rainwater and channels it 35 metres down to a waterfall in the centre
of the space. 22 Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the
beauty of natural forms.
Based on the form and process of termite(白蚁) mounds(土堆), Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example
of biomimicry(仿生学). It has a “skin” covered in holes. 23 At night, the heat absorbed by the wall during
the day warms the cool air, creating a suitable temperature so that people can stay inside comfortably. The design
reduces the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems, saving a lot of energy and costs.
24 The surface of the apartment building is covered in panels that contain algae. The panels can
capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy that powers the building. And that’s not all — the algae inside
the panels can be harvested and used to produce fuel. Therefore, the building not only uses less energy, but also
reduces damage to the environment.
Great buildings like these enables us to live in closer harmony with nature. 25 It may be challenging to
meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow, but even the simplest organisms can help teach us
how to achieve this.
A．It is also presented in various architectural designs.
B．What we need is to seek more inspiration from nature.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】C．The holes are designed to allow air to move freely in and out.
D．The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany.
E．The water is then recycled through the building’s plumbing system.
F．During the day, warm air is drawn into the building through the holes.
G．The design shows the connection between people and modern city environment.
【答案】21．A 22．E 23．F 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了几个融入自然元素的建筑设计。
21．根据上文“Trees, plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day. We are so used to
them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us. In fact,
nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us. (树木、植物和花朵都在我们身边，我们每
天都在欣赏它们的美丽。我们已经习惯了它们，甚至可能认为它们是理所当然的，而没有意识到它们给了
我们多少灵感。事实上，大自然激发了我们周围许多最迷人的设计。)”和下文“People who are interested in
exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. (有兴趣探索艺术
与科学之间关系的人将欣赏新加坡艺术科学博物馆。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍的是大自然科学和建筑艺
术的结合。选项A“它也出现在各种建筑设计中。”和上下文意思一致。故选A。
22．根据上文“People who are interested in exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy
Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. Shaped like a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade(滨
海步道) with the water surrounding it. Its roof collects rainwater and channels it 35 metres down to a waterfall in
the centre of the space. (有兴趣探索艺术与科学之间关系的人将欣赏新加坡艺术科学博物馆。它的形状像一
朵莲花，漂浮在海滨长廊的上方，周围环绕着水。它的屋顶收集雨水，并将其引导至35米深的空间中心瀑
布。)”可知，这里介绍新加坡艺术科学博物馆收集雨水并加以利用的特点。选项E“然后，水通过大楼的管
道系统循环使用。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
23．根据下文“At night, the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a suitable
temperature so that people can stay inside comfortably. (晚上，白天墙壁吸收的热量会温暖凉爽的空气，创造
出合适的温度，让人们可以舒适地呆在室内。)”可知，这里应该是介绍了该建筑物早晚的温度调节。选项
F“白天，温暖的空气通过小孔吸入大楼。”和下文意思一致。故选F。
24．根据下文“The surface of the apartment building is covered in panels that contain algae. The panels can
capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy that powers the building. And that’s not all — the algae inside
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】the panels can be harvested and used to produce fuel. (公寓楼的表面覆盖着含有藻类的嵌板。太阳能电池板可
以吸收太阳的热量，并将其转化为能源，为建筑提供动力。这还不是全部——面板内的藻类可以被收获并
用于生产燃料。)”可知，这一段介绍了利用藻类提供动力的建筑。选项D“世界上第一座以藻类为动力的建
筑位于德国汉堡。”和下文意思一致。故选D。
25．根据上文“Great buildings like these enables us to live in closer harmony with nature. (像这样的伟大建筑
使我们能够与自然和谐相处。)”和下文“It may be challenging to meet the needs of today while protecting the
world of tomorrow, but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this. (在保护明天的世界的
同时满足今天的需求可能是一项挑战，但即使是最简单的生物也可以帮助我们实现这一目标。)”可知，这
里在总结人类把建筑艺术和大自然结合在一起的成就，但是还需要更加努力。选项B“我们需要的是从大自
然中寻求更多的灵感。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
（2023·广东广州·统考二模）What makes a work of architecture great? Most people would argue that
aesthetics (美感) are the most important. 26 However, Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio believed
that we should also consider durability and function when assessing a structure. The Rostonville Library in my city
is a great example of Vitruvius’s principles.
Constructed entirely of granite—a hard and tough stone, the library is durable. It can withstand environmental
pollution. For example, it is resistant to acid rain. Moreover, its granite structure is stable so it’s more likely to
survive an earthquake. 27 It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling.
28 Providing free access to print and digital information, it conveys a feeling of openness and
accessibility. Furthermore, the entire library is on one level, and it has an open design—there are no inner walls or
dividers. In addition, large windows let in plenty of natural light, so it’s easy to see and get to each department
within the library.
Finally, the library is beautiful, with aesthetically pleasing details both inside and out. The large windows are
copper-framed (铜框的). The copper color provides an interesting contrast against the color of the granite structure
and it will remain as the copper ages. Growth from the rooftop garden, which reaches down the sides of the
building, adds to the aesthetics of the building. 29
Durability, functionality and beauty make the Rostonville Library a great structure. Architects who follow
Vitruvius’s principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in. 30
A．The library is also sustainable.
B．It is true that beauty is critical.
C．This is not the only concern of the architects.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】D．The library was designed with functionality in mind.
E．It softens the lines of the structure and helps it to fit into its natural surroundings.
F．Plus，the library was built on the edge of the city park，surrounded by native plants.
G．Buildings that fulfill these criteria offer both peace of mind and beauty for their users.
【答案】26．B 27．A 28．D 29．E 30．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伟大建筑作品除了具有美感以外，还要有耐久性和功能性。
26．上文“Most people would argue that aesthetics(美感)are the most important.(大多数人会认为美感是最重要
的。)”说明美感的重要性。选项B“的确，美是至关重要的”承接上文，是对上文的肯定。同时引出下文
“However, Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio believed that we should also consider durability and function
when assessing a structure.(然而，罗马建筑师Marcus Vitruvius Pollio认为，在评估结构时，我们还应该考虑
耐久性和功能。)”，与之构成转折关系。选项B起到承上启下的作用，故选B项。
27．下文“It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling.(它使用太阳能供暖，屋顶花园制
冷。)”介绍图书馆使用可持续能源的具体做法。选项A“图书馆也是可持续的”引出下文，说明图书馆使用
的能源是可持续的。下文中It指选项中The library，语义一致，故选A项。
28．下文“ Providing free access to print and digital information, it conveys a feeling of openness and
accessibility. Furthermore, the entire library is on one level, and it has an open design—there are no inner walls or
dividers. In addition, large windows let in plenty of natural light, so it’s easy to see and get to each department
within the library.(提供免费的印刷和数字信息，它传达了一种开放和无障碍的感觉。此外，整个图书馆都
在同一层，它有一个开放的设计——没有内墙或隔板。此外，大窗户让充足的自然光进入，所以很容易看
到和到达图书馆的每个部门。)”具体解释了图书馆的设计,充分考虑到了其功能，选项D“图书馆的设计考虑
到了功能”概括本段大意。故选D项。
29．上文“Growth from the rooftop garden, which reaches down the sides of the building, adds to the aesthetics
of the building.(从屋顶花园一直延伸到建筑的两侧，增加了建筑的美感。)”说明屋顶花园增加了建筑和自然
环境的联系，选项E“它软化了结构的线条，有助于它融入自然环境”承接上文，说明它的设计融入自然环
境。故选E项。
30．上文“Durability, functionality and beauty make the Rostonville Library a great structure. Architects who
follow Vitruvius’s principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in. (耐用性、功能性和美观性使罗斯顿
维尔图书馆成为一个伟大的建筑。遵循Vitruvius原则的建筑师帮助这座城市变得更加宜居。)”介绍伟大的
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】建筑的标准，选项G“满足这些标准的建筑为用户提供了内心的平静和美丽”承接上文，进一步说明满足这
些标准带来的内在美。故选G项。
（2023·湖北·开滦第二中学校考模拟预测）4 Traits to Look for in a Great Home Security System
When it comes to choosing a system to secure your home, you want to be sure that you are making the best
decision possible. There are many different home security systems on the market. 31 We give a list of the
top 4 traits to look for in a great home security system.
32 There are many different systems on the market, and not all of them are created equal. When you
are looking for a home security system, you want to be sure that you are choosing a system with a good reputation.
It needs to have 24-hour monitoring. Especially if you are constantly traveling, using your home as a vacation
rental, or are at risk of a medical emergency, it is important that your home security system offers 24-hour
monitoring. 33
It must have smart home capabilities. Nowadays, it is not enough to just have a home security system that
protects your property. 34 This way, you can control all of your devices from one central location and
receive alerts if something goes wrong.
It should be affordable. It is certain that you want to make sure that you buy a system of high quality. 35
There are many different home security systems on the market. Be sure to compare the features and benefits of each
system to find the one that fits your budget.
A．It should have a good reputation.
B．So how do you know which one is right for you?
C．But what should you do to protect your possessions?
D．It should be the one with the highest quality in the market.
E．But you also want to be sure that the system you choose is affordable.
F．This means that even if you are not at home, someone will always protect your home.
G．Your system should also be able to be combined with your other smart home devices.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．F 34．G 35．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了寻找一个好家庭安全系统的4个特点。
31．根据上文“When it comes to choosing a system to secure your home, you want to be sure that you are
making the best decision possible. There are many different home security systems on the market.(当谈到选择一
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】个系统来保护你的家，你要确保你正在做出最好的决定。市场上有许多不同的家庭安全系统)”以及后文
“We give a list of the top 4 traits to look for in a great home security system.(我们列出了在一个伟大的家庭安
全系统中最重要的4个特征)”可知，上文提到了市场上有许多不同的安全系统，后文则列出了四个特征供
人们参考，说明本句是在提出如何选择安全系统的问题，故B选项“那你怎么知道哪一个适合你呢？”符
合语境，故选B。
32．根据后文“There are many different systems on the market, and not all of them are created equal. When you
are looking for a home security system, you want to be sure that you are choosing a system with a good reputation.
(市场上有许多不同的系统，并不是所有的系统都是平等的。当您在寻找家庭安全系统时，您要确保您选择
的系统具有良好的声誉)”可知，本段的主旨是选择声誉好的安全系统。A选项中reputation对应后文
reputation。故A选项“它应该有很好的声誉”符合语境，故选A。
33．根据上文“Especially if you are constantly traveling, using your home as a vacation rental, or are at risk of a
medical emergency, it is important that your home security system offers 24-hour monitoring.(特别是如果你经常
旅行，把你的家作为度假租赁，或者有医疗紧急情况的风险，你的家庭安全系统提供24小时监控是很重要
的)”可知，上文提到“你的家庭安全系统提供24小时监控是很重要的”，本句为本段最后一句，故说明原
因：这意味着即使你不在家，也会有人保护你的家。故F选项“这意味着即使你不在家，也会有人保护你
的家”符合语境，故选F。
34．根据后文“This way, you can control all of your devices from one central location and receive alerts if
something goes wrong.(这样，你就可以从一个中心位置控制所有设备，并在出现问题时接收警报)”可知，后
文提到了控制设备，可知本句是在说明系统要和家具设备连接在一起，G选项中devices对应后文
devices。故G选项“你的系统还应该能够与你的其他智能家居设备相结合”符合语境，故选G。
35．根据后文“There are many different home security systems on the market. Be sure to compare the features
and benefits of each system to find the one that fits your budget.(市场上有许多不同的家庭安全系统。一定要比
较每个系统的功能和优点，以找到适合您预算的系统)”可知，后文提到了选项适合你预算的系统，说明要
选择自己买得起的安全系统。故E选项“但是你也要确保你选择的系统是负担得起的”符合语境，故选
E。
（2023·北京·校考一模）Play Helps Develop Bigger, Better Brains!
If play is not simply a way to have fun, for what other reasons has it developed? 36 Earlier this year,
Sergio Pellis of Lethbridge University, Canada, reported that there is a strong positive link between brain size and
playfulness among mammals in general. 37 The opposite was also found to be true.
According to John Byers of Idaho University, the timing of the playful stage in young animals provides an
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】important clue to what’s going on. If you plot the amount of time a child devotes to play each day over the course
of his development, you discover a pattern typically associated with a “sensitive period”—a brief development
window during which the brain can actually be adjusted in ways that are not possible earlier or later in life. 38
“People have not paid enough attention to the amount of the brain activated by play,” says Marc Bekoff from
Colorado University. Bekoff studied coyote pups at play and found that the kind of behavior involved was
obviously more variable and unpredictable than that of adults. He also reasons that such behavior activates many
different parts of the brain.
39 “There’s enormous cognitive involvement in play,” says Bekoff. He points out that play often
involves complex assessments of playmates and the use of specialized signals and rules. He believes that play
creates a brain that has greater behavioral flexibility and improved potential for learning later in life. 40
A．Play just lights everything up.
B．The importance of playfulness is drawing more attention.
C．The latest idea suggests that play has developed to build big brains.
D．A popular explanation is that it helps children develop the skills they will later need.
E．Think of the relative ease with which kids—but not babies or adults—absorb language.
F．Not only is more of the brain involved in play, but it also activates higher cognitive processes.
G．Comparing fifteen orders of mammals, his team found larger brains are linked to greater playfulness.
【答案】36．C 37．G 38．E 39．F 40．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学研究发现，哺乳动物的大脑大小与爱玩性之间普遍存在强烈的正相关，玩
耍不仅能让大脑更多地参与其中，还能激活更高层次的认知过程，文章对此进行了介绍。
36．根据后文“Earlier this year, Sergio Pellis of Lethbridge University, Canada, reported that there is a strong
positive link between brain size and playfulness among mammals in general.(今年早些时候，加拿大莱斯布里奇
大学的塞尔吉奥·佩利斯报告称，哺乳动物的大脑大小与爱玩性之间普遍存在强烈的正相关。)”可知，此处
是讲玩耍有助于培养更大更好的大脑，所以选项C“最新的观点认为，玩耍已经发展到可以塑造更大的大
脑。”切合文意。故选C。
37．根据前文“Earlier this year, Sergio Pellis of Lethbridge University, Canada, reported that there is a strong
positive link between brain size and playfulness among mammals in general.(今年早些时候，加拿大莱斯布里奇
大学的塞尔吉奥·佩利斯报告称，哺乳动物的大脑大小与爱玩性之间普遍存在强烈的正相关。)”和后文
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】“The opposite was also found to be true.(相反的情况也同样成立。)”可知，此处是指哺乳动物的大脑大小与
爱玩性之间存在正相关关系，所以选项G“他的研究小组比较了15目哺乳动物，发现大脑越大，越爱
玩。”切合文意。故选G。
38．根据前文“If you plot the amount of time a child devotes to play each day over the course of his
development, you discover a pattern typically associated with a “sensitive period” — a brief development window
during which the brain can actually be adjusted in ways that are not possible earlier or later in life.(如果你画出一
个孩子在他的成长过程中每天花在玩耍上的时间，你会发现一个典型的与“敏感期”有关的模式——一个
短暂的发展窗口期，在这段时间里，大脑实际上可以以早期或后期生活中不可能的方式进行调整。)”可知，
此处是讲孩子成长过程中有一个大脑以早期或后期生活中不可能的方式进行调整的敏感期，所以选项E“想
想孩子们——而不是婴儿或成人——吸收语言的相对容易程度。”切合文意。故选E。
39．根据后文““There’s enormous cognitive involvement in play,” says Bekoff.(贝科夫说：“在玩耍中有大
量的认知参与。”)”可知，此处是讲玩耍可以促进认知能力的发展，所以选项F“玩耍不仅能让大脑更多地
参与其中，还能激活更高层次的认知过程。”切合文意。故选F。
40．根据前文“He points out that play often involves complex assessments of playmates and the use of
specialized signals and rules. He believes that play creates a brain that has greater behavioral flexibility and
improved potential for learning later in life.(他指出，玩耍通常涉及对玩伴的复杂评估，以及特殊信号和规则
的使用。他认为，玩耍使大脑具有更大的行为灵活性，并提高了以后学习的潜力。)”可知，此处是讲玩耍
对孩子大脑的发育起到了至关重要的作用，所以选项A“游戏点亮了一切。”切合文意。故选A。
（2021·陕西汉中·统考模拟预测）Before you throw that old cell phone in the trash, or hide it away in a
drawer, think again. There are actually many ways to deal with a mobile phone that you are no longer using.
First, you should be aware that in many places, throwing away cell phones is actually illegal because the
batteries, especially in very old phones, can contain poisonous metals. 41 .
42 . In fact, most companies that recycle them get paid to do so. This had led to many charities making a
small amount of money by collecting old phones. There are large organizations that will take unwanted phones.
However, you might also want to think locally.
Many schools and local charities now have recycling programs. And they do make a little bit on each donation.
43 , you might consider starting a small local one, perhaps for a local public school. Check first, since so many
schools have gotten the jump on recycling them already. 44 , or smaller and better phones, there are plenty of
old cell phones just waiting for a place to land, and smart schools have provided that place.
You might also want to hang onto any accessories(配件)that you have. 45 . Continuing to use
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A．You certainly don’t need to pay to recycle an old cell phone
B．There are better places to get rid of them than your trash can
C．Things like chargers or covers can often be used with your new phone
D．Local charities have contributed a lot in repairing unwanted phones
E．As people move to bigger and better phones
F．The saying that one man’s trash is another man’s treasure certainly applies
G．If you can’t find a large cell phone recycling program in your area
【答案】41．B 42．A 43．G 44．E 45．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了对废旧手机的循环利用，例如废旧手机应该安置在哪里、旧手机的配件
可以继续使用。
41．根据上一句“First, you should be aware that in many places, throwing away cell phones is actually illegal
because the batteries, especially in very old phones, can contain poisonous metals. （首先，你应该意识到，在许
多地方，扔掉手机实际上是非法的，因为电池，尤其是非常旧的手机，可能含有有毒金属。）”可知，不
能将旧手机随意丢弃，且下文介绍了处理旧手机的方式，选项 B.There are better places to get rid of them
than your trash can（有比垃圾桶更好的地方来处理它们。）符合文意，故选B。
42．根据空后一句“In fact, most companies that recycle them get paid to do so. （事实上，大多数回收它们的
公司都是靠回收来赚钱的。）”可知，我们不需要花钱回收旧手机，以及后一句提到的pay和选项的pay
一致，选项A.You certainly don’t need to pay to recycle an old cell phone（你当然不需要为回收旧手机付费）
符合文意，故选A。
43．根据空后一句“ you might consider starting a small local one, perhaps for a local public school.( 你可以考
虑在当地或是为当地的公立学校开办一个小型的(手机回收站)。)”可知，前面表示一种假设，没有回收项目
的情况下怎样做，选项G.If you can’t find a large cell phone recycling program in your area, ( 如果你在你所在
的地区找不到一个大型的手机回收项目)符合文意，故选G。
44．根据空后一句“ or smaller and better phones, there are plenty of old cell phones just waiting for a place to
land, and smart schools have provided that place.(或是更小更好的手机，有大量旧手机等着有地方安置，而聪
明的学校已经提供了这个地方)”可知，or前面对比手机，也用形容词比较级，选项E.As people move to
bigger and better phones (随着人们转向更大更好的手机)符合文意，故选E。
45．根据上一句“You might also want to hang onto any accessories(配件)that you have. (你可能也想要保留
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】你所有的配件。) 可知，保留住你所有的手机配件，例如充电器或手机套，如果继续在良好状态下使用配
件是一个明智的省钱的选择。选项 C. Things like chargers or covers can often be used with your new phone.
（你的新手机通常可以使用充电器或手机套。）符合语境，故选C。
（2023·四川·校考模拟预测）Adopting a pet is rapidly becoming the preferred option for many people
wanting to add an animal companion. It’s true that many people are happy to part with thousands of dollars for
purebred(纯种的)dogs and cats. 46
Homeless animals can make wonderful pets. People often assume that dogs and cats end up in shelters because
they’re unwanted or badly behaved. There are many reasons owners may need to re-home their pet-divorce,
hospitalization, or the time and money needed to care for a dog. 47
Adult animals have benefits. Shelters have a wide range of potential pets and there are many benefits from
adopting a more mature dog or cat. Not starting from scratch helps avoid much of the craziness and mess associated
with puppies. They will already be vaccinated, so you will have fewer start-up costs. 48 A young animal’s
behaviour may still be developing, whereas an older animal’s personality and behaviour should be evident, so no
surprises.
49 You should only adopt a dog or cat from a trusted shelter or rescue group. Ethical establishments
will have a behavioral trainer to assess the character of every dog and cat. The staff should ask you lots of questions
to recommend the most suitable pet. Ongoing behaviour and training advice should be available, and you should be
able to return the pet if things don’t word out.
There’s something else to keep in mind. It’s important for you to only select a pet that will suit your lifestyle,
not a pet you feel sorry for. 50 There’s a lot of responsibility associated with managing animals
appropriately.
A．Pets not only provide but call for company.
B．Animal experts discuss how to adopt a pet.
C．Most importantly what you see is what you get.
D．Choose an appropriate animal from a reliable source.
E．Consider the pet’s suitability for your family and lifestyle.
F．You need to think carefully about how you will care for it.
G．Some dogs and cats become lost, are not identified and are never claimed.
【答案】46．B 47．G 48．C 49．D 50．F
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了动物专家提出的几条关于如何从救助中心领养宠物的建议。
46．根据前文的“Adopting a pet is rapidly becoming the preferred option for many people wanting to add an
animal companion. It’s true that many people are happy to part with thousands of dollars for purebred dogs and
cats. (收养宠物正迅速成为许多想要增加动物伴侣的人的首选。的确，许多人很乐意为纯种狗和猫支付数千
美元。)可知，很多人乐意花大钱购买纯种宠物，B项 (动物专家给出了如何领养宠物的建议。)与上文衔接
通顺且总起下文。故选B。
47．根据前文的“Homeless animals can make wonderful pets. People often assume that dogs and cats end up in
shelters because they’re unwanted or badly behaved. There are many reasons owners may need to re-home their
pet-divorce, hospitalization, or the time and money needed to care for a dog.(无家可归的动物可以成为很好的宠
物。人们通常认为猫狗最终会被关进收容所，因为它们不受欢迎或行为不端。主人可能有很多理由需要重
新安置他们的宠物——离婚，住院，或者照顾一只狗需要时间和金钱。)”可知，本段接下来要介绍动物到
救助中心的不同原因，G项 (有些猫狗走失了，身份不明，也从来没有人认领过。)符合语境。故选G。
48．根据前文的“Adult animals have benefits. Shelters have a wide range of potential pets and there are many
benefits from adopting a more mature dog or cat. Not starting from scratch helps avoid much of the craziness and
mess associated with puppies. They will already be vaccinated, so you will have fewer start-up costs.(成年动物有
好处。收容所有很多潜在的宠物，收养一只更成熟的狗或猫有很多好处。不从头开始有助于避免小狗的疯
狂和混乱。他们已经接种了疫苗，所以你的启动成本会更低。)”和下文的“A young animal’s behaviour may
still be developing, whereas an older animal’s personality and behaviour should be evident, so no surprises.(幼年动
物的行为可能仍在发展中，而年长动物的个性和行为应该是明显的，所以这并不奇怪。)”可知，我们所看
到的动物就是我们应该得到的宠物，因此C项 (最重要的是，你所看到的就是你所得到的。)符合语境。故
选C。
49．根据后文的“You should only adopt a dog or cat from a trusted shelter or rescue group. Ethical
establishments will have a behavioral trainer to assess the character of every dog and cat. The staff should ask you
lots of questions to recommend the most suitable pet. Ongoing behaviour and training advice should be available,
and you should be able to return the pet if things don’t word out. (你只能从值得信赖的收容所或救援组织领养一
只狗或猫。道德机构将有一名行为训练师来评估每只狗和猫的性格。工作人员应该问你很多问题来推荐最
合适的宠物。应该提供持续的行为和训练建议，如果事情没有进展，你应该能够归还宠物。)”可知，本段
主要讲述的是从可靠的来源处选择收养宠物，D项 (从可靠的来源中选择合适的动物。)符合语境。故选
D。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】50．根据前文的“There’s something else to keep in mind. It’s important for you to only select a pet that will suit
your lifestyle, not a pet you feel sorry for. (还有一些事情需要记住。重要的是，你选择一只适合你生活方式的
宠物，而不是一只你感到遗憾的宠物。)”可知，选择了就要好好照顾，根据后文的“There’s a lot of
responsibility associated with managing animals appropriately. (适当管理动物有很多责任。)”可知，这也意味
着要承担责任，F项(你需要仔细考虑你将如何照顾它。)符合语境，故选F项。
（2024·云南·云南省下关第一中学校联考模拟预测）Are you someone who easily gets tired and doesn’t
feel like doing anything? Do you label this kind of behavior as mere laziness? 51
Feel disconnected from everything.
People experiencing exhaustion most commonly don’t feel like themselves anymore, don’t feel engaged by
anything and constantly struggle with the sense of helplessness and inability to take back control of their lives.
Used to be motivated and passionate.
A clear difference between someone who’s worn out and someone who’s lazy is that the tired people used to
have things they were passionate about. 52 And even hate doing anything because of how much they
overworked themselves.
Become moody and annoyed.
Do you suddenly find yourself easily angry? 53 If you start to have trouble controlling your emotions,
especially when it never used to be a problem for you, this might be the reason why.
54
One of the warning signs is that you start neglecting your self-care and socially keep away from others. You
stop making an effort to dress up yourself or look good and you tend to spend most of your time by yourself doing
nothing.
Changes happen gradually.
Studies show that exhaustion develops in five major stages, according to degrees of severity. The honeymoon
phase, the onset of stress, chronic stress, exhaustion and habitual exhaustion. By the time you reach the final stage,
exhaustion will make you suffer from depression and anxiety. 55
A．Ignore your self-care.
B．Focus on warning signs.
C．Do you often feel emotionally out of control?
D．So it’s important to raise awareness about exhaustion.
E．But the lazy people don’t ever devote themselves to things.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】F．However, they may now be struggling to find interest in anything.
G．Here are five signs to show you’re experiencing exhaustion rather than laziness.
【答案】51．G 52．F 53．C 54．A 55．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论生活中人们感到身心疲惫和真正懒惰之间的区别。
51．由上文“Are you someone who easily gets tired and doesn’t feel like doing anything? Do you label this kind
of behavior as mere laziness? (你是一个很容易疲劳，什么都不想做的人吗？你认为这种行为仅仅是懒惰
吗？)”可知，作者这里讨论生活疲惫的一种现象，人们可能认为是自己懒惰。而G项Here are five signs to
show you’re experiencing exhaustion rather than laziness.(以下五个迹象表明你正在经历疲惫而不是懒惰。)符
合语境。其中exhaustion rather than laziness与上文mere laziness对应，由承上作用，而Here are five signs
有启下作用，引出下文。故选G项。
52．由上文“A clear difference between someone who’s worn out and someone who’s lazy is that the tired people
used to have things they were passionate about.(疲惫的人和懒惰的人之间的一个明显区别是，疲惫的人曾经拥
有他们热爱的东西。)”可知，这里主要讲疲惫的人和懒惰的人之间区别，而F项However, they may now be
struggling to find interest in anything.(然而，他们现在可能很难找到对任何事情的兴趣。)符合语境，其中
they指代上文the tired people，且now与上文used to对应。故选F项。
53．由下文“If you start to have trouble controlling your emotions, especially when it never used to be a problem
for you, this might be the reason why.(如果你开始难以控制自己的情绪，尤其是当它对你来说过去从来都不
是问题的时候，这可能就是原因。)”可知，这里主要讲难以控制自己的情绪的迹象，而C项Do you often
feel emotionally out of control?(你经常感到情绪失控吗？)符合语境，本句问句和上文问句是并列关系，有承
上作用，且emotionally out of control与下文have trouble controlling your emotions对应。故选C项。
54．由下文“One of the warning signs is that you start neglecting your self-care and socially keep away from
others. You stop making an effort to dress up yourself or look good and you tend to spend most of your time by
yourself doing nothing.(其中一个警告信号是，你开始忽视自我照顾，在社交上远离他人。你不再努力打扮
自己或看起来很好看，你往往会把大部分时间都花在无所事事上。)”可知，这段主要讲开始忽视自我照顾
的迹象。而A项Ignore your self-care.(忽略你的自我关注。)符合语境，对下文由总括作用，与下文
neglecting your self-care 对应。故选A项。
55．由上文“Studies show that exhaustion develops in five major stages, according to degrees of severity. The
honeymoon phase, the onset of stress, chronic stress, exhaustion and habitual exhaustion. By the time you reach the
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】final stage, exhaustion will make you suffer from depression and anxiety.(研究表明，疲劳根据严重程度分为五
个主要阶段。蜜月期，压力的发作，慢性压力，疲惫和习惯性疲惫。当你到达最后阶段时，疲惫会让你患
上抑郁和焦虑。)”可知，本段主要讲疲劳的各个阶段，选项总结上文说明提高人们对疲惫的认识是很重要
的。而D项So it’s important to raise awareness about exhaustion.(因此，提高人们对疲惫的认识是很重要
的。)符合语境，其中raise awareness about exhaustion与上文five major stages对应。故选D项。
（2023·福建厦门·统考三模）Eating too much salt is one of the causes of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease,
which kills an estimated 17.9 million people each year, according to the WHO. 56 .
Most people in the world consume about 10.8 grams of salt a day, more than double the level recommended by
both the WHO and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While salt is an essential nutrient, sodium (钠),
accounting for 40 percent of it, narrows and hardens blood vessels (血管). 57 . In fact, many health
organizations suggest that consumers dramatically reduce their sodium intake.
Rather than salt from a shaker in the kitchen, the majority of sodium consumed by most Americans comes
from packaged and prepared foods. 58 . Part of the reason is that years of adding too much salt to foods
has reduced people’s taste sensitivity. “They don’t want to take the initiative to reduce sodium if there’s a
competitor that has a higher content of salt.” the WHO’s Branca said.
59 . They are demanded to improve public awareness around the dangers of an overly salty diet and
force food producers to reduce salt levels through legal standards. The FDA also announces that it plans to change
the rules for nutrition labels on food packages to indicate that they are “healthy.”
The benefits of reducing salt intake begin relatively rapidly. Blood pressure starts falling within weeks for
most people. 60 . “Your tongues will adjust to a reduction in salt, and you’ll be able to better taste the
other flavors,” said Branca.
A．Sensitivity to salt returns soon
B．That’s why they expect a certain amount of salt
C．Just consume no more than a teaspoon of salt a day
D．The U.N.’s health agency is calling on governments to take action
E．If more salt is kept in the body, it slowly puts up the blood pressure
F．It can also lead to brain attacks and other serious medical conditions
G．Food producers continue to add so much salt despite the known health risks
【答案】56．F 57．E 58．G 59．D 60．A
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了食盐过多对健康的危害及各国政府针对减少盐摄入量采取的一些
措施。
56．根据上文“Eating too much salt is one of the causes of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, which kills an
estimated 17.9 million people each year, according to the WHO. (据世界卫生组织统计，食盐过多是导致心血管
疾病的原因之一，据估计每年有1790万人死于这种疾病。)”可知，上文告诉我们食盐过多的危害，会导致
心血管疾病，F项意为“它还可能导致脑部攻击和其他严重的医疗状况。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了食
盐过多会导致的其他疾病。故选F。
57．根据上文“While salt is an essential nutrient, sodium (钠), accounting for 40 percent of it, narrows and
hardens blood vessels (血管). (虽然盐是一种必需的营养素，但占其中40%的钠会使血管变窄和硬化。)”可知，
上文告诉我们盐中的钠会使血管变窄和硬化，E项意为“如果体内摄入更多的盐，就会慢慢升高血压。”
选项能够承接上文，盐中的钠会使血管变窄和硬化，如果摄入更多的盐，血管变窄和硬化的情况加重，就
会慢慢升高血压。故选E。
58．根据上文“Rather than salt from a shaker in the kitchen, the majority of sodium consumed by most
Americans comes from packaged and prepared foods. (大多数美国人摄入的大部分钠来自包装和预制食品，而
不是厨房里作料瓶里的盐。)”可知，上文告诉我们美国人摄入的大部分钠来自包装和预制食品，G项意为
“尽管存在已知的健康风险，食品生产商仍继续添加如此多的盐。”选项能够承接上文，食品生产在知道
健康风险下，仍继续添加大量的盐，因此包装和预制食品中含有大量的盐，且能引起下文，下文介绍了为
什么食品生产商要添加大量的盐。故选G。
59．根据下文“They are demanded to improve public awareness around the dangers of an overly salty diet and
force food producers to reduce salt levels through legal standards. (他们被要求提高公众对过咸饮食危险的认识，
并迫使食品生产商通过法律标准降低盐含量。)”可知，上文告诉我们有关部门对减少盐摄入量采取的一些
措施，D项意为“联合国卫生机构呼吁各国政府采取行动。”选项能够引起下文，联合国卫生机构呼吁各
国政府采取行动，下文介绍的正是各国政府采取的措施。故选D。
60．根据上文“The benefits of reducing salt intake begin relatively rapidly. Blood pressure starts falling within
weeks for most people. (减少盐摄入量的好处开始得相对较快。大多数人的血压在几周内开始下降。)”可知，
上文介绍的是减少盐摄入量的好处，A项意为“对盐的敏感性很快就会恢复。”选项能够承接上文，介绍
的也是减少盐摄入量的好处，这会让你很快恢复对盐的敏感性。故选A。
（2023·广东阳江·统考一模）Jessica Nabongo longs to set foot in every nation. She started traveling at age
four, along with her parents on family trips from Detroit, Michigan and completed her mission when she landed in
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】the Seychelles, having visited 195 countries. 61 Along the way, she became a writer, photographer, and
passionate advocate for inclusive and ethical(道德的) tourism .
Here she talks to us about her experience and tips for traveling better.
What inspires your adventures?
62 I have a strong desire to see the differences and similarities in how people live everywhere in the
world, even at home in the United States.
Did you ever experience any obstacles?
I don’t believe in failure. 63 Embarrassment isn’t a natural human personality, in my eyes－it comes
from socialization. If I fell over in the middle of Grand Central Station, I’d laugh at myself. I firmly believe that
every failure in your life is just an opportunity to learn.
64
My mother has always said “ humble(使谦逊) yourself.” I appreciate it because when you travel, depending
on your passport, depending on your social class, depending on so many different things, you can go to places with
a lot of ego（自我）, or you can humble yourself and know that everyone is equal.
What are some things people can do to travel more sustainably(可持续地)?
Single－use plastic is one of the biggest things harming Earth right now, so a lot of my focus is on that. 65
If you’ re in a restaurant and you don’ t have a big appetite, ask for a half portion. It’s about being a deliberate(慎重
的) traveler, just taking that extra minute to think how I can have a lower impact on this place that I’ m in and on
the planet in general.
A．But it’s not just about the country count.
B．I believe failure is the mother of success.
C．Curiosity－that’s what’s always inspired me.
D．What did you depend on during your travel?
E．And I don’t have the ability to be embarrassed.
F．What’s the best piece of advice you’ ve received?
G．But I also think it’s important to watch how much you waste.
【答案】61．A 62．C 63．E 64．F 65．G
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。杰西卡·纳邦戈渴望踏足每一个国家，本文向我们讲述了她的经历和如何更好地
旅行的建议。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】61．根据上文“having visited 195 countries(到访了195个国家)”以及下文“Along the way, she became a
writer, photographer, and passionate advocate for inclusive and ethical(道德的) tourism(一路走来，她成为了一
名作家、摄影师，也是包容性和道德旅游的热情倡导者)”可推理出此处上下文说的是她不仅到访国家的数
量多，而且还做了许多其他的重要的事情，与A项“But it’s not just about the country count(但是重要的不仅
仅是国家的数量)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
62．根据下文“I have a strong desire to see the differences and similarities in how people live everywhere in the
world, even at home in the United States(我强烈希望看到世界各地人们生活方式的差异和相似之处，甚至是
在美国的家里)”可推理出此处上下文说的是她有很强的好奇心，与C项“Curiosity－that’s what’s always
inspired me(好奇心：那是一直赋予我灵感的东西)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
63．根据下文“Embarrassment isn’t a natural human personality, in my eyes－it comes from socialization. If I
fell over in the middle of Grand Central Station, I’d laugh at myself. I firmly believe that every failure in your life
is just an opportunity to learn(在我看来，尴尬不是人类天生的性格，它来自社会化。如果我在中央车站中间
摔倒，我会自嘲。我坚信，你生命中的每一次失败都只是一次学习的机会)”可推理出此处上下文说的是
Jessica Nabongo不相信失败并不感到尴尬，因为她认为失败是学习的机会，与E项“And I don’t have the
ability to be embarrassed(我没有能力感到尴尬)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
64．根据下文“My mother has always said “ humble(使谦逊) yourself.” I appreciate it because when you travel,
depending on your passport, depending on your social class, depending on so many different things, you can go to
places with a lot of ego（自我）, or you can humble yourself and know that everyone is equal.( 我母亲一直说
“谦卑自己”。我很感激，因为当你旅行时，取决于你的护照，取决于您的社会阶层，取决于许多不同的
事情，你可以去一些有自我意识的地方，也可以谦卑自己，知道每个人都是平等的。)”可知此处上下文说
的是母亲给她的最好的建议，与F项“What’s the best piece of advice you’ ve received?( 你收到的最好的建
议是什么？)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
65．根据下文“If you’ re in a restaurant and you don’ t have a big appetite, ask for a half portion.(如果你在餐馆
里，但你的胃口不大，就要半份)”可知此处上下文说的是不要浪费，与G项“But I also think it’s important
to watch how much you waste(但我也认为重要的是要注意你浪费了多少)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
（2023·重庆·西南大学附中校考三模）Time to make lemonade out of life’s lemons
When you have an unexpected lockdown staring at you, take it one day at a time. Instead of getting bogged
down by the thought, take each of those days as an opportunity to build new skills, explore hobbies and do things
you’ve always wanted to. 66 .
1. Give your house a makeover
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】67 ? With a lockdown in full progress, this may be a good time to give your home a fresh new look.
Change the curtains, move your tables, chairs and sofas around the house to try out new combinations. Besides
burning good calories, this activity could help you hit the reset button and let you escape the boredom of same-old.
2 68 There are at least half a dozen people, at any given point of time that you need to call back. An
elderly aunt, that slightly touchy friend, or your former colleague — you really meant to call them back, but ... you
know how it is. This is a good time to find out how your friends and family are doing. Spread the warmth and stay
bonded.
3. Find the bookworm in you
This is a no-brainer to be honest. Besides being a great entertainer, this can be a great use of your me-time,
simply because you will enhance your knowledge of people, society, history and culture. 69 .
4. Try digital housekeeping
Your home may be tidy and in order, but your digital life is a mess: photos all out of place, the music from
god-knows-when, old text files that need to be cleaned up. 70 . Most importantly, you need to change
your passwords and keep them safe.
A．Be a social butterfly — on the phone
B．Here is a list of ideas for you to explore
C．Also, research suggests that reading keeps you smarter
D．Used to the common setting of your routine workplace
E．Therefore, you are supposed to finish the following things
F．Not to mention a system backup and an update of your operating system
G．Tired of seeing the same old seating/dining arrangements, day in, day out
【答案】66．B 67．G 68．A 69．C 70．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要向读者推荐一些疫情期间被封在家里时可以做的事情。
66．根据上文“When you have an unexpected lockdown staring at you, take it one day at a time. Instead of
getting bogged down by the thought, take each of those days as an opportunity to build new skills, explore hobbies
and do things you’ve always wanted to. ”（当你被一种意想不到的封锁盯着时，慢慢来。不要被这些想法所
困，把每一天都当作一个机会，去学习新技能，探索爱好，做你一直想做的事情。）提到了当你被封锁的
时候，可以利用这个封锁的机会，学习新技能，探索爱好，做你一直想做的事情。同时结合下文提到的具
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】体的方法，可知，空处应承上启下，引出下文的建议。选项B.“以下是一个想法列表供你探索。”符合题
意，故选B。
67．根据下文“With a lockdown in full progress, this may be a good time to give your home a fresh new look.”
（在全面封锁的情况下，这可能是一个让你的家焕然一新的好时机。）可知，封锁会提供给你一个改善家
里陈设的机会，让其面目一新。因此可推知，空处提到的问题应是对家里的陈设是否已经厌倦了。选项
G.“厌倦了日复一日地看到同样的座位/用餐安排”，讲述了厌倦了日复一日不变的家庭陈设，符合题意，
故选G。
68．根据下文“This is a good time to find out how your friends and family are doing. Spread the warmth and stay
bonded.”（这是了解你的朋友和家人过得怎么样的好时机。传递温暖，保持联系。）可知，本段主要讲述
要和朋友、家人保持联系，进而利用这种联系向他们传递温暖。因此，标题应提及联系的方式。选项
A.“做一个交际花——在电话上”，提到了通过电话可以和朋友、家人获得联系，符合题意，故选A。
69．根据上文“This is a no-brainer to be honest. Besides being a great entertainer, this can be a great use of your
me-time, simply because you will enhance your knowledge of people, society, history and culture.”（老实说，这
是显而易见的。除了成为一个伟大的艺人，这也可以很好地利用你的自我时间，因为你可以增强你对人、
社会、历史和文化的知识。）和本段标题，可知本段主要讲述阅读的好处，所以空处应承接上文，讲述阅
读带来的好处。选项C.“此外，研究表明阅读能让你更聪明。”表明了阅读会让你更聪明。符合题意，故
选C。
70．本段标题“Try digital housekeeping”（尝试数字化家政服务）同时根据上文“Your home may be tidy
and in order, but your digital life is a mess: photos all out of place, the music from god-knows-when, old text files
that need to be cleaned up. ”（你的家可能整洁有序，但你的数字生活却是一团糟：照片到处乱放，音乐不知
从何时开始，旧文本文件需要清理。）讲述了家庭中缺少数字化存在的问题，所以空处应承接前文，讲述
问题的其它情形。选项F.“更不用说系统备份和操作系统更新了。”可知，数据上要进行整理和更新，承上
启下，符合题意，故选F。
（2023·重庆·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）With offices slowly re-opening, we may soon be expected to
go back to interviewing in the old-fashioned way—in person. During an interview, your main job is to sell yourself
as a confident and capable asset. But how can you do that? One thing you should do is think about your body
language. 71
● Give a good handshake but not too good. We’ve all heard that a handshake should be firm because one that
is too soft can make you appear weak or shy. 72 You should avoid that. Instead, conduct a proper one to
make both the interviewers and you comfortable.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】● Watch your posture(姿势)and maintain eye contact. 73 Nothing conveys disinterest and lack of
confidence like a slouch (懒散的人). And remember that although it may feel uncomfortable at times, eye contact
is also key—especially while the other person is talking.
● 74 If you keep putting your hands on or near your face, it can send the message that you’re not
comfortable with what you’re saying. When you’re not gesturing, put your hands in your lap. And don’t forget to
smile—a smile not only conveys warmth, receptivity and positivity, it also helps reduce stress.
● Listen actively and try using the mirroring technique. Active listening is a key part of any interview. 75
Mirroring or copying someone’s body language is also a powerful way to convey connection. Face your
interviewers directly, sit in the same position and try to match the pace and volume of their talk.
A．Don’t gesture but smile.
B．But there is such a thing as too firm.
C．And here are some common red flags to avoid
D．Keep your hands away from your face and smile.
E．This may seem obvious but it bears repeating: Sit up straight.
F．By doing so, you indicate to the interviewers that they have your full attention.
G．Here are a few ways to use body language to your advantage in your job interview.
【答案】71．G 72．B 73．E 74．D 75．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个有助于面试的肢体语言。
71．根据空前“During an interview, your main job is to sell yourself as a confident and capable asset. But how
can you do that? One thing you should do is think about your body language.( 在面试中，你的主要工作是把自
己推销成一个自信而有能力的人。但你怎么能做到呢?你应该做的一件事是考虑你的肢体语言)”及下文每段
的主题句可知，空处承上启下，引出下文有关面试时肢体语言的一些建议。G项“下面是一些在面试中使
用肢体语言的方法”符合语境。故选G。
72．根据空前“Give a good handshake but not too good. We’ve all heard that a handshake should be firm because
one that is too soft can make you appear weak or shy.(握手时要用力，但不要太用力。我们都听说过握手要有
力，因为太软会让你显得软弱或害羞。)”及空后“You should avoid that.(你应该避免那些)”可知，空处应是
在握手时需要避免的事情，承接上文，不要太用力的握手，因此推断B项“但是也有人握手握得太紧”符
合语境。故选B。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】73．根据段落主题“Watch your posture(姿势)and maintain eye contact.( 注意你的姿势，保持眼神交流)”可知，
此处讲述有关坐姿和眼神的情况，空后“Nothing conveys disinterest and lack of confidence like a slouch (懒散
的人).( 没有什么比无精打采更能传达出不感兴趣和缺乏自信的了)”可知，不要显得无精打采，要坐直。因
此推断E项“有一点似乎是显而易见的, 但依然需要重复，那就是‘坐直’”符合语境，说明坐姿要避免
显得无精打采。故选E。
74．空处为段落主题句。根据空后的内容, 尤其是“If you keep putting your hands on or near your face, it can
send the message that you’re not comfortable with what you’re saying. When you’re not gesturing, put your hands
in your lap. And don’t forget to smile—a smile not only conveys warmth, receptivity and positivity, it also helps
reduce stress.( 如果你一直把手放在脸上或靠近脸，这可能会传递出你对自己所说的话感到不舒服的信息。
当你不做手势的时候，把你的手放在膝盖上。别忘了微笑——微笑不仅传达了温暖、接受和积极，还有助
于减轻压力)”可知, 此处讲述手的位置，以及保持微笑的重要性。因此推断D项“手离脸远点并保持微
笑”为最佳标题。故选D。
75．根据空前“Active listening is a key part of any interview.(积极倾听是任何面试的关键部分) ”可知，积极
倾听是重要的， F项“你的这种做法是在向面试官表明你的全部注意力都在他们身上”符合语境，说明积
极倾听表明你得注意力集中在面试官身上，承上启下，so指代上文的Active listening。故选F。
真题演练
2023年
Passage 1
【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is
human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring?
Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your
personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve
done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强
自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err
(犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人
都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following
writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以
及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项 D“It’s just as important to show yourself
some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上
“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around?
They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造
力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感
到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics
you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】些是优点。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive
things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did
the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，
写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作
业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，
本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项 F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write
it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做
的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of
your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以
及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。
选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，
C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或
家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact,
don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，
不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。
故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their
mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥
调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项 G“Whatever the mistake,
remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一
面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and
learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种
积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。
故选G。
Passage 2
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious
followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what
it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration
and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful.
Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a
painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
.
A Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide
inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本
进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后
文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习
和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺
术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。
【17题详解】
的
分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段 总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to
improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as
much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是
绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，
所以G项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通
过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
【18题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文
“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic
growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出你
的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
【19题详解】
分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is
crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me
feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常
重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让
我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you
feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
【20题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The
journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through,
give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。
你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到
障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
Passage 3
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2023年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they
are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing
by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to
look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months,
plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants
can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or
cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy
plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and
you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says.
“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
【16题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情),
reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由
此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the
winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的
环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相
反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几
个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are
many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful
gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，
盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化
学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are
among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，
符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-
which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾
它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the
requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引
起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home
and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介
绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
Passage 4
【2023年全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There
is one answer. ___16___.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,
research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research
suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit
of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra
minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply
it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we
experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to
say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?
There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一
个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。
故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文
““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学
的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句
继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项
“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法
就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before
going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的
事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when
we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人
都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，
本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适
相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually
become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为
对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
Passage 5
【2023年北京卷】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families
as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a
decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not
counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching
than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is
surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.
Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.
____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the
result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with
more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-
quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。
【35题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they
make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对
于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻， 因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家
庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于
排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on
average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大
学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出
现的问题。选项D“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一
个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名
中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。
【36题详解】
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching
excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶
地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人
们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们
惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“more
surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选F。
【37题详解】
空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on
teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平
均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings
is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中
没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑
到教学。选项G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，大学
经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据空前内容“Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher
education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.
(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学
率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项
B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内
容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘
和晋升中不受重视。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据下文内容“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with
more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教
学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名
组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，作者认为想要强调教学质量
还需要更多努力。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项 C“Quality
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.(高质量的教学一直是建立声誉的重要因素。)”强调
了高质量教学的重要性，而下文则话题一转，指出了高质量教学的难处。故选C。
2022年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your
Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ”
while another read: “___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle
(微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to
move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. ___18___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, both of you will benefit —
your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【16题详解】
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One
reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊
登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就
会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you
train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和
后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体
健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项
D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员
吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a
useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文
“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那
个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout
partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of
training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and
her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在
了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，
以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的
锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner
should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后
文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more
physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，
要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
Passage2
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process
can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write
nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t
worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a
good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄
皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete
highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing
revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can
enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to
your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写
一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是
要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. (不要担
心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of
thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选
B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一个技巧是快
速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself
headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自
己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明
了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，
故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave
enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”
一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，
因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes
into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到
你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修
改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft,
again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的
是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因
此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
Passage3
【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted
and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the
friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.
Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并
坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be
contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联
系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B项“可以通过写
信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音
或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written communication”呼应了B项的
“writing letters”。故选B项。
【18题详解】
下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的
那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出
了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”
分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。
故选G项。
【19题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文
“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于
异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要
的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A
项。
【20题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious
effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是
我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通
过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句
“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题
“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。
Passage4
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2022年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing
some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the
world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
___17___ .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch
any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
【16题详解】
根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文
主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making an
embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标
题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你
和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put
them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of
you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行
了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or
cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也
是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In
India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat
with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一
个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲
述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with
utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In
Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills.
Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这
向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，
在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt
and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在
用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化
习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，
the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合
文意，引出下文。故选B。
Passage5
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2022 年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various
pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these
diseases.
____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not
have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This does not
definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must
exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age
groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It
helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us
new goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健
身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.【解析】
根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to
ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自
己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of our body that
helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我
们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾
病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语
境。故选G项。
36.【解析】
根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted
towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康
的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是
本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全
段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
37.【解析】
根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body,
which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身
体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后
“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定
表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种
状况，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举
例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may
have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
38.【解析】
根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健
康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily
regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我
们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项
“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该
做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
39.【解析】
根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫)
system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫
系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new goals of
health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It also helps in keeping us
calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们
的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
Passage6
【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，
从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents.
(随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，
他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。
故选D项。
12.B 根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都
是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者
至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
13.E根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words
accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后
“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱
的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实
践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you
are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后
结构一致。故选E项。
14.F根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面
信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people
are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意
一致，符合语境。故选F项。
15.G根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets
the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技
影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
(但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技
带来的写作。故选G项。
Passage7
【2022年浙江卷1月】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that
allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11
Pick the most important.
12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like
to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 13
Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find
people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业）around the people and
activities you love.
14
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things
that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to
gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress
and keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that adds
up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
【11题详解】
上文 “ I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the
most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.（我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，
让我充 分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松）”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐
和轻松，根 据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，
F项中的“help you make the most of your time与上文 “to make the most of every day ” 一致，“tips” 引出
下文的建议，因此 F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
【12题详解】
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on spending time that
for you is fun and productive.（把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上）”说明要挑选一些有趣
的 和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“ what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的"the most important一
致， 下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选
D。 【13题详解】
上文 “Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.（ 许多
人疯 狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间）”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活
中如何分 配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.（找到一种结合的方式来享受它
们）”说明可 以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C
项“不要试图在 它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
【14题详解】
空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are
always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important.
Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back
an hour here or there.（你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你
节省出做日常 事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方
法）”可推断，本 段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此
要做有效的学习者。 因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
【15题详解】
下文 “Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.（每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积
起 来就是一个大的胜利）”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项
“这 就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The world won't
come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining （改
进）toward a happy productive existence.（在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆
祝进步，不断 改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在）”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选
G。
Passage8
【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，
从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents.
(随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提
示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，他
们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故
选D项。
12.B 根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是
带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少
应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】13.E根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words
accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后
“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱
的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实
践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项 E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you
are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结
构一致。故选E项。
14.F根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面
信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people
are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一
致，符合语境。故选F项。
15.G根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets
the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技
影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
(但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带
来的写作。故选G项。
2021年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which
you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate
the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and
the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide
whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save
you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A
history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as
well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to
put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does
not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able
to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你
必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。
D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合
语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感
到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room cool rather than
warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、
前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a
few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in
story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学
题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book
you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本
段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特别重要
的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
Passage2
【2021年全国甲卷】Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge
amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is
not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them
clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes
from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how
much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to
choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around
your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be
that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't
forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】.
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. F 20. D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以
及一些具体的流程。
【16题详解】
根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on
your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服
呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes
from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的
最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，
启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap.（进行衣物
交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选
择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and
it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多
于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的
假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more
than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准
备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”
准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣
服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物
所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。故选
G项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不
同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】look when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放
置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里
要做什么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置
上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F项。
【20题详解】
上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你
说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And
don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，
这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间
要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playing throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派
对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意，故选D项。
Passage3
【2021年全国乙卷】According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make
yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.
So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do
you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking
to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.
If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a
dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）.
___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可
知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be
adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同
的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。
由此可知，B项“The first step is to go exploring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以带入“我有这辆破旧的车”或
“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是打开了对话)”可知，设空处应该是提
了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C项“If you ask the
question “How did you get here?”(如果你问“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题)”能够承接下文，符合题意。
故选C项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. If you’re the
host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你
不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什
么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处提到了一
个棘手的问题。F项“What about the person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking(喝太多酒或一
直说个不停的人怎么办)”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re
the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如
果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题
提供方法。由此可知，E项“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把谈话变成
他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone
talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的
方法就是赞美主人)”可知，此处指出赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，设空处承上启下，下文“This cake is
extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”对主人进行了
赞美。由此可知，宴会上出现尴尬的沉默时，最尴尬的就是主人，所以需要赞美主人来缓解尴尬。G项
“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬
的人)”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项
Passage4
【2021年北京卷】Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people．
____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many
other health problems behind the scenes．
____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting
（分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，
can lead to less pain．
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the
idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to
researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels，
through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the
tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the
researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music
slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow
suit．
____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，
which is what makes music so valuable．
A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems．
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．
C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．
E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．
F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．
G. Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．
【答案】35. F 36. B 37. D 38. G 39. E
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。
【35题详解】
空格后说“The mental health benefits from music can't be argued”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的），
F选项It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety 中的stress and anxiety照应
了mental health benefits，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。
【36题详解】
空格后说“However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而，出于同样的
原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时，音乐是非常有益的），However表转折，因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价，
B选项Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud中的harmful就是负面评价，因此B选项切
合题意，故选B。
【37题详解】
空格前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前
听些轻松的音乐），D选项They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep 中的sleep和
going to bed相呼应，因此D选项切合题意，故选D。
【38题详解】
空格前说“In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates
and blood pressure”（在欧洲的一项研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压），G选项
Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were中的heart rates和前面的heart
rates相照应，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
【39题详解】
空格后说“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，
which is what makes music so valuable”（但是，开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益，这就是音
乐如此有价值的原因），因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，E选项The implications of music on overall
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】well-being are really impressive讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的，因此E选项切合题意，
故选E。
Passage5
【2021年浙江卷1月】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need,
head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to
the parking lot. 11 ．
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum
delay. 12 ． Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an
entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the
probability: 13 ． So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line-
called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 14 ． This is what they
do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish
the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
15 ． It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or
manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各
自的利弊。
11．A下文“It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. （原来，
这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。
12．G上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with
minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂
货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream
effects, holding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下
游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。
13．D根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. （如果
杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“So it's not just in your mind:
Another line probably is moving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”
可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D项。
14．F根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方
法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine
line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down
everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的
队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快
了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。
故选F项。
15．B结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space
or manpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人
力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one
line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。
Passage 6
【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing
we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to
leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 )
worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in
perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a
couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some
groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed
they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The
French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a
group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者夫妇两人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介绍了她
住的房子；其次，说明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，说明法国人对待生活的态度，相较于工作效
率他们更看重生活品质。
【36题详解】
上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So
the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的
第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需
要填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看
我们是否在某种程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因
果关系。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房)”是段落的中心句，
说明第二段主要内容是讲解公寓的情况。下文提到了楼宇和电梯的情况。C项“There was a nice kitchen
and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床)”提到了厨房和床，这些都属于公寓的配置。故选
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】C项。
【38题详解】
上文“... they eat great food and never gain weight.(他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖)”提及了食物。下文
“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法
国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”在说明法国的草莓很好吃。上下文结
合可知，因为法国的食物质量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很满足，同时吃的少也就不会发胖了。G项
“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. (食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太
多就能使你快乐)”符合语境要求。故选G项。
【39题详解】
第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采购了食物，买了草莓。下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best
fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美
元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是也很贵。选项 E“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(这并
不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段关于法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，同时引起下文，
给出了法国人吃的少的另一个原因‘物价贵’。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life.
French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的
咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”可知，上文说明了法国人对待工作不是很积极且咖啡厅里顾客很多。下文“When do
these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”是一个问句，说明本句属于过渡句，承接上文说明咖啡厅里的
造成拥挤的客人的情况，A选项中有“customer”符合咖啡馆的情境设定，同时讲述了不是所有的客人都是
游客，那么意味着大部分人都是当地人，符合下文的提问。故选A项。
Passage7
【2021年浙江卷6月】You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly
colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while,
you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like-
minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is
a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has
almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common
communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a
postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common
language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many
postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of
postcrossing," Paulo says.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【答案】11. G 12. A 13. E 14. F 15. B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Paulo Magalhaes创建postcrossing.com的过程及其现状。
Paulo Magalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人，于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的
人，因而创立了postcrossing.com。随着公司在全球不断壮大，语言成为沟通的主要障碍，后来英语被选为
共同语言方便大家交流。
【11题详解】
上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a
brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall.( 34 岁的葡萄牙电
脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多
利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“... and you realize that not
everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement
of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便
条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到
回应的问题。故选G项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【12题详解】
上文““I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a
while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it(“我经常给家人和朋友寄
明信片， ”他说，“但你可以想象，过一段时间，你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多，而且你意识到
并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”)”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好，因此他也
很坦然接受这个事实，因此选项A“那完全没问题”符合语境。故选A项。
【13题详解】
上文“Today his hobby has evolved into the website Postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217
registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.(如今，他的这个爱好已经发展成
了Postcrossing.com这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来，已经有来自214个国家和地区的
575217名注册用户)”是在介绍目前网站的发展状况，因此符合文意的只有E选项“8月5日，会员互赠的
明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E项。
【14题详解】
上文“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't
understand it.(收到一张用中文写 明的信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，这个概念就行不通)”是举例说明
他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。选项 F“Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in
Swedish takes part of the fun away.(同样地，如果你只会说中文，收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣)”是
举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合，符合结论句的语义要求，故选
F项。
【15题详解】
上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(许多中国人很少能接触到英语)”说明对某些人
来说学习英语的门槛较高。结合下文“... who actually improved their English skills through their use of
postcrossing.(他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知，写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。
因此选项B “这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难 ”符合语境要求，说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难
度较高，因为渠道较少。故选B项。
2020年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2020年新课标Ⅰ】A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●37. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you
hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your
own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes
and our failures. 38. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you
could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned.
But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength
before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today. 39.
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words
why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40. Turn to a
page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F.Stop comparing yourself with others.
G.When does the comparison game start?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.B 根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that
will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项 B. Where do you
start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
37.F 根据下文 Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs?
Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们
的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述
不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故 F. Stop comparing
yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】38. D根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的
You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作
一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔
接最好，故选D项。
39. C根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些
小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
40.A 结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words
back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这
些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you
are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到
心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
Passage2
【2020年新课标Ⅱ】Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and
play. 36. . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping
intention clear. 37. , encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in
communication style can be a challenge. 38. . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for
those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is
that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?
39. . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging
smile.
40. , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding
smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.D 根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at
work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's
been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些
西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选
择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题
意。故选D。
37. A根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默
和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁
的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis feel more
conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.G 根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common
ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在
交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选
择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
39.B 根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了
一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a
formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40. F根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积
极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier
communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
Passage3
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into
a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is
a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36. And it is good time to fill the
new space with love and hopeful presents.
37. Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if
there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a
plant.
38. This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no
planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give
all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person
moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39.
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood
to a new home as a gift. 40. Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.E 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是
朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句
And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填
补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机
会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37. B下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like
curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或
绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出
下文，故选B。
38.C 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot
of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以
主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分
享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】故选C。
39. A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家
后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见
的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.G 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼
物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。
符合语境。故选G。
Passage4
【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16. Do
you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to
give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ 17. Focus on the speaking. Talk
directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is
the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of
a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.18.
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice.
Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
20. It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably
can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your
audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners
wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.G 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者
要训练。故选G。
17.A 下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，
当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A
项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.C 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，
除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选
C。
19. B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
20.D 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than
anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结
束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
Passage5
【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】Talking with your doctor
Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs
to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____16____
●Stay positive.
Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____17____Think teamwork! Think positive!
●Keep track of how you are feeling.
____18____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how
medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure
to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.
●____19____
Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else
you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to
your doctor.
●Ask questions.
Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you
are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】appointment.____20____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer
to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.
A. This will make getting answers easier.
B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.
D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.
F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。
【16题详解】
根据文章第一段“Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information
she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering
you.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供
最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are
some tips for talking with your doctor.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故
选B。
【17题详解】
根据文章第二段“teamwork!”意为团队可知，E项：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your
side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据文章“This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines
make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be
honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物
让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种
感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D项：Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you
are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据文章“Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to
mention that to your doctor.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生
应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，
故F项：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的
药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据文章“Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have
when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.”可知，
不要害怕问你的医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，
并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand
the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢
的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：
This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。
Passage6
【2020年北京卷】Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand
and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks
to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some
events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____46____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop
negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking
tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to
believe in themselves and in what they do.
____47____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and
anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also
contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____48____For example, researchers have found
that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide
a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as
a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the
contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____49____
In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the
quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】problem.____50____
Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health.
A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.
D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well.
F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.
G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与
悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工
具。
【46题详解】
根据上文“Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some
events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事
件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop
negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对
话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思
考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negative
self-talks可对应到B选项中Negative self-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语
境，故选B。
【47题详解】
根据后文“People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety,
better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also
contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，
身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，
后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中People who think positively以及Positive thinking可对应到D选项
中Positive thinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。
【48题详解】
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】根据后文“For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such
as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.(例如，研究人员
发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，
后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难
的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。
【49题详解】
根据上文“Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for
improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive
problems as a source of additional stress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，
一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，
上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一
些性格特点。上文Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气
馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。
【50题详解】
根据上文“In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and
improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual
refuses to notice a problem. (总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当
一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个
人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A选
项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。
Passage7
【2020年浙江卷1月】Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water
and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with
clean water.
___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we
turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many
people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can
catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from
dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an
education.
___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the
problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one
school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give
them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
【答案】31. A 32. E 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像
我们这样幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50多万儿童死于脏水引起
的腹泻。就此联合国决定3月22日为世界水日，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知
道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。
【31题详解】
根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on
a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我
们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需
要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合
上下文语境，故选A。
【32题详解】
根据下文That's around one in 10 people in the world.（那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世
界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E选项“你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗?”符合上下文语境，故选
E。
【33题详解】
根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中 walk many kilometres every day to get water 可对应到D选项中walk
many hours a day to get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合
上下文语境，故选D。
【34题详解】
结合下文On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of
dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.（每年的这一天，世界
各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是
在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故 F选项“1993年，联合国决定3
月22日为世界水日。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【35题详解】
根据前文At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.（在
英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意
义是让孩子们了解带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项“通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉
重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，
再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一
题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落
之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。如第三小题，根据上文 Also，
in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走
很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to
get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选
D。
2019年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to
recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-
then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing( 治愈).
_____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking
at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情
绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a
faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure
you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes
sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of
Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. G 39. C 40. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心
健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人了。
36.E根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有 E选项是一
般疑问句。故选E：但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？空前的 people tell us to “go out and
get some fresh air”和选项中的“your mother always said”亦是呼应。
37.A 根据下一句中提到的“If the air you’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing
oxygen”可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活力的氧气。下文中“…breathe more deeply, allowing
more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是对前文的递进：在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大
脑。根据前面的分析可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识，我们知道吸入的空气首先
进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项：新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。
38.G 根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有 G选项
提到该类名词，故选项 G：在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”。these places 就是指 Healing
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Gardens。
39.C 前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻
压力，降低血压，使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到
处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的it也要指代这种情况。故C选项切题：身处大自然可以使
人精神焕发。
40.D 根据下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选
项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D：获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。
Passage 2
【2019 年全国卷Ⅱ】Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the
question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two
sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate
yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your
you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly
related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and
think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your
beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You
must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become
one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to
set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome
them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。
36.G 上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空
承上启下，G选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
37.B 下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B选项“那么你应该
如何激励自己呢”切题，故选B。
38.A 上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什
么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
39.E上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故
选E。
40.C 上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你
应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”
切题，故选C。
Passage 3
【2019年全国卷 III】In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is
very important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can
arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
• ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the
course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't
hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure
to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your
best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the
social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's
professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【答案】36. E 37. G 38. A 39. C 40. F
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举
了一些规矩与禁忌。
36.E 根据文章段落结构和本段首句 In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with
professors is very important，可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文
中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选项E符合语境。
37.G根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎
的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与 G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”相呼
应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
38.A根据前一句 Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可
知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
39.C根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends教授不是训练有素的护
士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息
的话，他们会主动问起的，故选项C符合语境。
40.F通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人
都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课
程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F符合上下文语境。
Passage 4
【2019年浙江卷6月】Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit
among all music groups, they make very different music. ___31___ At that time the Beatles entered the world of
music from Liverpool.
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with
nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ___32___ They held large
concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul
McCartney were named composers of the year.
___33___ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New
York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ___34___ The concert was
broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles
were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in
America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot
of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ___35___
A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.
F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965).
G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A 34. G 35. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士的发展和影响，引领了一种潮流趋势。
31. C第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的at that time可知前句提到了时间，而且与rock music有关，选项中
只有C 项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间，故选C。
32. B空前后都是讲述披头士的出名程度，根据空前extremely popular in England, 以及后文的they became
the hottest thing可知此处描述了他们的影响，选项B （甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了一种潮流）符合文
意，且关键词even是一个提示，故选B。
33.A 根据空后They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.（他们不确定美国
人怎样反应），可知他们首次来美国演出，所以A项（决定首次到美国开巡回演出）符合文意，故选A。
34. G根据空后The concert was broadcast live…可知前句中应该出现concert，选项G中的关键词their first
concert 前后呼应。故选G。
35. E根据空前（由于披头士，市场上出现了很多机会），E项（很多新乐队（新面孔）都是模仿披头士），
符合逻辑。故选E。
Passage 5
【2018年浙江卷11月】Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says
“Thank you?” Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on the
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Internet? ______31______
Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies(礼节). But many social norms(规范) just
don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a coauthor of Emily Post’s Etiquette，asked, “At what point
does showing appreciation outweigh the cost?”
_____32_____ Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts, you don’t have to
declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail
and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail.
This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners, ____33____ Alexander Graham Bell, the
inventor, suggested that people say, " Ahoy! "Finally, hello won out, and the victory sped up the greeting's use in
face-to-face communications.
In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about:the weather forecast, a
business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital
map. _____34_____ And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail.
How to handle these differing standards? Easy: Consider your audience. Some people,especially older ones,
appreciate a thank-you message. ____35____ In traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern
societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here's hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that
time-wasting forms of communication do.
A．Then there is voice mail.
B．Others, like me, want no reply.
C． But people still ask these things.
D．Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?
E. Won't new technology bring about changes in our daily life?
F. Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.
G. When the telephone was invented, people didn't know how to greet a caller.
【答案】31．D 32．A 33．G 34．C 35．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。科技时代新的交流方式冲击了传统礼节，造成了不同人对两者的不同运用。
我们要多考虑对方的情况，互相理解，既有礼貌又尽量不浪费别人时间。
31．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段提到一些人很粗鲁，下面列举了既发语音邮件又发信息浪
费时间的具体表现。D项“难道这些人没有意识到他们在浪费你的时间吗?”对上面例子进行了总结，对这
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】些做法提出了疑问。故选D。
32．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据段中The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send
an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail.可知，作者提到留下语音邮件又发电子邮件通知的情况。A
项Then there is voice mail.位于段首，引出voice mail，下文对其进行介绍。故选A。
33．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people
say, " Ahoy! "Finally, hello won out,可知当时Bell刚发明电话时怎样打招呼的问题，G项：当电话发明时，
人们不知道如何和来电者打招呼。与下文连接，故选G。
34．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍智能手机时代数字地图能够解决许多生活查询问题，
你帮助他们解决问题后，他们会回复你感谢邮件。C项But people still ask these things.与上文转折，与下文
连接。故选C。
35．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍不同的人群对礼节有不同的看法，我们要多考虑对方
的情况，互相理解。上句Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message介绍了老年人的
习惯，B项Others, like me, want no reply.与之对比，指出年轻人与老年人不同。故选B。
【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后
在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时
间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第2小题的voice mail，第3小题的Alexander Graham Bell, the
inventor,在文中都能找到对应的词或相关内容。
Passage1
【2019年北京卷】Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe
the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._____46_____Companies
spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？
___47___They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and
basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the
players are top talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t
evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team
requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions.______48______In baseball，the performance of individual
players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance
will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance
when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's
performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as
in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
___50___.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
【答案】46. B 47. E 48. G 49. D 50. F（本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了当今世界的大
部分工作都是在团队中完成的。大多数人认为组建一个伟大团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。可
是他们的钱花得好吗？文章就这一问题进行了调查。）
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才
要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。
46.B上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的人
个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老
板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
47.E下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究
调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
48.G上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文
说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故
选G。
49.D上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵
守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
50.F
下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。”该空
引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
