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第 06 讲 一般过去时（解析版）
【暑假自学课】2025 年新八年级人教版（2024）英语
01
一般过去时
语法解析
1.核心结构与用法
句型 结构公式 例句 标志词
肯定 主语 + 动词过去式 She played the piano yesterday（昨天） last week/month
句 yesterday. They were late （上周/月） ago（以前） in 2023
for school. （在2023年） just now（刚才）
否定 主语 + didn’t + 动词原 He didn’t watch TV last
句 形 night. We weren’t at
home yesterday.
一般 Did + 主语 + 动词原 Did you go to the park?
疑问 形？ Were/Was + 主语 Was she happy
句 + 表语？ yesterday?
特殊 疑问词 + did + 主语 + What did they do last
疑问 动词原形？ 疑问词 + weekend? Where was he
句 were/was + 主语？ born?
2.规则动词过去式变化规则
结尾字母 变化规则 例词 易错错误
一般情况 加-ed play→played 不可漏加-ed（如look→look错
work→worked 误）
以不发音e结尾 加-d dance→danced 去e加-d（如hope→hoped）
学科网（北京）股份有限公司结尾字母 变化规则 例词 易错错误
live→lived
辅音+y结尾 变y为i加- study→studied 元音+y直接加-ed（如
ed carry→carried enjoy→enjoyed）
重读闭音节且末尾只 双写辅音字 stop→stopped 非重读闭音节不双写（如
有一个辅音字母 母加-ed shop→shopped visit→visited）
不规则动词 特殊变化 go→went eat→ate 不可按规则变化（如
be→was/were think→thinked错误）
【典例分析】
考点1：一般过去时结构辨析（基础）
1.—______ you ______ to the museum yesterday?
—Yes,I did.
A.Do;go B.Did;go C.Did;went D.Do;went
【答案】B
【解析】根据标志词yesterday用一般过去时，一般疑问句需用助动词Did，后接动词原形go，
故选B。
2.She ______ not ______ her homework last night.
A.did;do B.did;did C.does;do D.does;did
【答案】A
【解析】否定句结构为didn’t + 动词原形，last night表过去，主语第三人称单数仍用didn’t，
故选A。
3.—Where ______ he ______ from?
—He was from China.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.is;come B.does;come C.did;come D.was;come
【答案】C
【解析】询问过去的来源，实义动词come需用助动词Did，构成Did + 主语 + come from，故选
C。
考点2：动词过去式变化规则（进阶）
1.They ______ to the park and ______ a picnic last Sunday.
A.go;have B.went;had C.go;had D.went;have
【答案】B
【解析】last Sunday表过去，go的过去式为went，have的过去式为had，并列结构需保持时态一
致，故选B。
2.The boy ______ his homework carefully yesterday.
A.study B.studies C.studied D.studyed
【答案】C
【解析】study以辅音+y结尾，变y为i加-ed，正确过去式为studied，而非studyed，故选C。
3.We ______ at the hotel last night because it rained heavily.
A.stoped B.stopped C.stop D.stopping
【答案】B
【解析】stop为重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母p，需双写p加-ed，正确形式为stopped，
故选B。
学习总结
核心语法点速记
1.结构公式：
学科网（北京）股份有限公司肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式（规则动词加-ed/不规则动词特殊形式）。
否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形（无论主语人称，动词均用原形）。
疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？（be动词过去式was/were直接提前）。
2.动词过去式规则：
规则动词：一般加-ed，e结尾加-d，辅音+y变i+ed，重读闭音节双写加-ed。
不规则动词：需单独记忆（如do→did，see→saw，am/is→was，are→were）。
标志词：yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 2022等表示过去的时间短语。
易错点警示
be动词误用：注意主语与be动词过去式的搭配（I/He/She/It→was，We/You/They→were）。
不规则动词混淆：避免将不规则动词按规则变化（如✘ drink→drinked ✔️ (cid:3)drink→drank）。
助动词多余：否定句和疑问句中已有did，动词需用原形（如✘ He didn’t went ✔️ (cid:3)He didn’t go）。
过关检测
（一）单项选择
1.—______ was your weekend?
—It was great!
A.What B.How C.Where D.When
【答案】B
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】对周末的感受提问用How，构成How was + 主语，故选B。
2.They ______ to the zoo by bus yesterday.
A.go B.goes C.went D.going
【答案】C
【解析】yesterday为过去时间，go的过去式为went，故选C。
3.—Did you ______ any photos in the park?
—Yes,I did.
A.take B.takes C.took D.taking
【答案】A
【解析】一般疑问句中助动词Did后接动词原形take，故选A。
4.She ______ her room just now.
A.clean B.cleans C.cleaned D.cleaning
【答案】C
【解析】just now表过去，clean为规则动词，直接加-ed，故选C。
5.We ______ not at home last night.We were at the cinema.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
【答案】B
【解析】主语We对应be动词过去式were，否定式为weren’t，故选B。
6.He ______ a letter to his friend last month.
A.write B.writes C.wrote D.writing
【答案】C
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】last month表过去，write的过去式为不规则变化wrote，故选C。
7.—______ she ______ to school by bike yesterday?
—No,she took the bus.
A.Does;go B.Did;go C.Did;goes D.Do;go
【答案】B
【解析】yesterday表过去，一般疑问句用Did + 主语 + 动词原形go，故选B。
8.They ______ a wonderful time at the party last night.
A.have B.has C.had D.having
【答案】C
【解析】last night表过去，have的过去式为had，故选C。
9.—Where ______ you born?
—I was born in Shanghai.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
【答案】B
【解析】出生是过去的动作，主语you对应be动词过去式were，故选B。
10.He ______ his bike and hurt his leg yesterday.
A.fall B.falls C.fell D.falling
【答案】C
【解析】yesterday表过去，fall的过去式为不规则变化fell，故选C。
（二）句型转换
1.He played basketball yesterday.（改为否定句）
学科网（北京）股份有限公司→He ______ ______ basketball yesterday.
【答案】didn’t play
【解析】在实义动词played前加didn’t，动词还原为原形play。
2.They were late for the meeting.（改为一般疑问句）
→______ ______ late for the meeting?
【答案】Were they
【解析】将be动词were提前至句首，首字母大写，构成一般疑问句。
3.She visited her grandparents last week.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ she ______ last week?
【答案】What did;do
【解析】对动作visited提问用What did，后接动词原形do。
4.I was born in 2010.（改为否定句）
→I ______ ______ born in 2010.
【答案】was not
【解析】在was后加not，可缩写为wasn’t，否定be动词短语。
5.Did they go to the beach?（作肯定回答）
→Yes,______ ______.
【答案】they did
【解析】肯定回答用Yes + 主语 + did，主语they与问句一致。
6.He did his homework at home.（改为一般疑问句）
→______ he ______ his homework at home?
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【答案】Did;do
【解析】将助动词Did提前，动词还原为原形do。
7.The weather was sunny yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ the weather yesterday?
【答案】How was
【解析】对天气状况提问用How was，构成How was + 主语。
8.They bought some books last weekend.（改为否定句）
→They ______ ______ any books last weekend.
【答案】didn’t buy
【解析】在bought前加didn’t，动词还原为原形buy，some改为any。
9.Was she happy at the party?（作否定回答）
→No,______ ______.
【答案】she wasn’t
【解析】否定回答用No + 主语 + wasn’t，主语she与问句一致。
10.He went to bed at 10:00 p.m .（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ ______ he ______ to bed?
【答案】What time did;go
【解析】对具体时间提问用What time did，后接动词原形go。
（三）改错题
1.Tom didn’t went to school yesterday.（改：______）
【答案】go
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】didn’t后需接动词原形go，过去式went应改为原形。
2.She eated an apple for breakfast.（改：______）
【答案】ate
【解析】eat的过去式为不规则变化ate，非规则变化eated错误。
3.Were you see the movie last night?（改：______）
【答案】Did
【解析】实义动词see的过去式疑问句需用助动词Did，而非Be动词Were。
4.We stoped at a small town on the way.（改：______）
【答案】stopped
【解析】stop为重读闭音节，应双写p加-ed，stoped拼写错误。
5.He wasn’t do his homework yesterday.（改：______）
【答案】didn’t
【解析】否定实义动词do需用didn’t + 原形，wasn’t后不能接动词原形。
（四）完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Last Saturday,I ____1____ up early and went to the park with my friends.The weather ____2____
sunny and warm.We ____3____ games and flew kites there.At noon,we ____4____ a picnic near the
lake.We ____5____ sandwiches,fruit,and juice.In the afternoon,we ____6____ to the museum.We saw
many interesting things there.It was a great day!
1.A.get B.gets C.got D.getting
【答案】C
【解析】Last Saturday表过去，get的过去式为got，故选C。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司2.A.is B.was C.are D.were
【答案】B
【解析】weather为不可数名词，对应be动词过去式was，故选B。
3.A.play B.plays C.played D.playing
【答案】C
【解析】and连接并列过去式，play的过去式为played，故选C。
4.A.have B.has C.had D.having
【答案】C
【解析】have的过去式为had，构成had a picnic，故选C。
5.A.eat B.eats C.ate D.eating
【答案】C
【解析】eat的过去式为ate，与上下文时态一致，故选C。
6.A.go B.goes C.gone D.went
【答案】D
【解析】go的过去式为went，构成went to the museum，故选D。
（五）阅读理解
Passage 1
阅读短文，选择最佳答案：
Hello,I’m Lily.Yesterday was my birthday.I got up early and found a big gift box on my desk.It
was from my parents.Inside the box was a new bike!After breakfast,my friends came to my house.We
sang songs,played games,and ate a delicious cake.In the afternoon,we rode bikes in the park.I had a
wonderful birthday!
学科网（北京）股份有限公司1.When was Lily’s birthday?
A.Today. B.Last week. C.Yesterday. D.Tomorrow.
【答案】C
【解析】根据“Yesterday was my birthday.”直接得出答案为C。
2.What did Lily find on her desk?
A.A book. B.A bike. C.A gift box. D.A cake.
【答案】C
【解析】由“found a big gift box on my desk”可知，Lily在桌上发现的是礼物盒，故选C。
3.What did they do in the afternoon?
A.Sang songs. B.Played games. C.Ate cake. D.Rode bikes.
【答案】D
【解析】根据“we rode bikes in the park”可知，下午他们去骑自行车，故选D。
Passage 2
阅读短文，回答问题：
Hi,I’m Mike.Last Sunday,my family went to the beach.My parents sat on the sand and watched us
play.My sister and I swam in the sea and built sandcastles.We also took many photos.When we got
home,we were tired but happy.My mother cooked a big dinner for us.It was a great weekend!
1.Where did Mike’s family go last Sunday?
________________________
【答案】To the beach.
【解析】根据“my family went to the beach”直接提取答案。
2.What did Mike and his sister do at the beach?
学科网（北京）股份有限公司________________________
【答案】Swam in the sea and built sandcastles.
【解析】由“swam in the sea and built sandcastles”可知，他们在海里游泳并堆沙堡。
3.How did they feel when they got home?
________________________
【答案】Tired but happy.
【解析】根据“we were tired but happy”直接回答。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
