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第 04 讲 名词数与提建议句型（解析版）
【暑假自学课】2025 年新八年级人教版（2024）英语
01
名词数
语法解析
1.可数名词与不可数名词
分
类 定义 规则变化 不规则变化 量化表达 易错对比
可 表示个 一般加-s： 单复数同形： 直接用数词：two 不可数名词误
数 体可计 book→books sheep,deer 内部 books 修饰词： 加-s： ✘ milks
名 数的人 以s/x/sh/ch结尾加- 变化： many/few/a few ✔️ (cid:3)milk 集体名
词 或物 es：box→boxes 辅音 man→men,child 词主谓一致：
+y变i+es： →children 集体 The class is big.
family→families 有生 名词：family （整体） The
命o加-es： （整体用is， class are
potato→potatoes f/fe变 个体用are） singing.（个
体）
v+es：knife→knives
不 表示不 无复数形式 特殊形式： 量词+of+名词： a 修饰词误用：
可 可计数 rice,water,milk, glass of water（一杯 ✘ many bread ✔️ (cid:3)
数 的物质 bread 水） three pieces of much bread ✘ a
名 或抽象 bread（三片面包） meat ✔️ (cid:3)a piece
词 概念 of meat
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【典例分析】
考点1：可数名词复数规则（基础）
1.—How many ______ are there in the zoo?
—Five.
A. zebra B. zebras C. zebra’s D. zebras’
2.I have two ______ and three ______.
A. watch; brush B. watches; brushs
C. watches; brushes D. watchs; brushes
3.The ______ in the garden are beautiful.
A. flower B. flowers C. flower’s D. flowers’
考点2：不可数名词量化与集体名词（进阶）
1.—Would you like some ______?
—Yes, please.
A. bread B. breads C. apple D. apples
2.The ______ is/are celebrating the festival together.
A. family B. families C. family member D. family members
3.I need ______ of cheese for the sandwich.
A. a piece B. two piece C. a pieces D. two pieces
02
提建议句型
学科网（北京）股份有限公司语法解析
1.核心提建议句型表
否定回答/委
句型结构 例句 肯定回答 婉拒绝 易错对比
Why not + 动 Why not go Good I’m busy Why not后直接接动词原
词原形？ swimming? （为什 idea!/Sounds now. / Maybe 形，不加to： ✘ Why not
么不去游泳？） great! later. to go ✔️ (cid:3)Why not go
What/How How about watching That’s a good I’d prefer to about是介词，后接动词-
about + 动名 a match? （看比赛 plan! stay at home. ing形式： ✘ What about
词？ 怎么样？） play ✔️ (cid:3)What about playing
Let’s + 动词 Let’s visit the OK!/Let’s go! Sorry, I have Let’s包括说话双方，Let
原形 museum. （我们去 an exam us不包括对方： Let’s go
博物馆吧。） tomorrow. → 我们一起去 Let us go
→ 请允许我们去
Shall we + 动 Shall we have a Yes, let’s./Sure! No, thanks. I Shall we仅用于第一人称
词原形？ picnic? （我们去野 don’t like 复数提问，主语固定为
餐好吗？） picnics. we
You should + You should drink Thank you for I know, but I’ll should表“建议”，语气
动词原形 more water. （你应 your advice. try. 比must弱，强调合理性
该多喝水。）
【典例分析】
考点1：提建议句型结构辨析（基础）
1.—______ go to the park this afternoon?
—That sounds fun!
A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. How
2.—______ taking the subway? It’s cheaper.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司—OK, let’s do that.
A. Why not B. How about C. Shall we D. Let’s
3.—Let’s ______ dinner together tonight.
—Great! I know a good restaurant.
A. have B. has C. to have D. having
考点2：提建议句型语境应用（进阶）
1.—I’m stressed about the exam.
—You ______ review the notes first.
A. should B. must C. need D. have to
2.—______ we invite Miss Li to our party?
—Yes, she’ll love it.
A. Why not B. How about C. Shall D. Let’s
3.—The room is messy.
—______ clean it up before mom comes back?
A. Let’s B. Why not C. What about D. How
学习总结
核心语法点速记
名词数：
可数名词复数规则：“s/x/sh/ch加-es，辅音+y变i+es，有生命o加-es，f/fe变v+es”。
不可数名词：不能直接加-s，需用量词修饰（a cup of tea, a slice of bread）。
集体名词：family/class作整体用单数（The family is big.），作个体用复数（The family are
eating.）。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司提建议句型：
Why not do? = Why don’t you do?（为什么不……？）
What/How about doing?（……怎么样？）
Let’s do...（我们一起……吧。）
Shall we do...?（我们……好吗？）
You should do...（你应该……。）
易错点警示
名词数：避免混淆o结尾的有生命/无生命名词（tomato→tomatoes vs. photo→photos），不可数
名词不可加-s（如progress→progresses错误）。
提建议句型：注意介词后用动名词（What about doing），Let’s/Why not后用动词原形（Let’s
start, Why not try）。
过关检测
（一）单项选择
1.There is ______ sugar in the jar. Please buy some.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
2.—______ join the chess club? You’re good at it.
—That’s a good idea.
A. Why not B. How about C. Shall we D. Let’s
3.The ______ are singing in the tree.
A. bird B. birds C. bird’s D. birds’
4.—______ going to the cinema tonight?
—Yes, I’d love to.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. Why not B. Would you like C. What about D. Shall we
5.I need three ______ of bread and a glass of milk.
A. piece B. pieces C. loaf D. loaves
（二）句型转换
1.Why don’t we play tennis after school?（改为同义句）
→______ ______ play tennis after school?
2.There is a child in the garden.（改为复数句）
→There ______ some ______ in the garden.
3.Let’s go hiking this weekend.（改为反义疑问句）
→Let’s go hiking this weekend, ______ ______?
4.She should listen to the teacher carefully.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ she do?
5.How about having a party for her birthday?（改为同义句）
→______ ______ have a party for her birthday?
（三）改错题
1.I have a lot of homeworkes to do.（改：______）
2.Let’s to play basketball with our friends.（改：______）
3.There are two knifes in the kitchen drawer.（改：______）
4.What about play the guitar at the party?（改：______）
5.The family is watching TV in the living room.（改：______）
学科网（北京）股份有限公司（四）完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Hi, I’m Alice. It’s Sunday today. My friends and I want to do something relaxing. “____1____ go
to the park?” Tom says. “But it’s too hot,” I reply. “____2____ watching a movie at home?” Lily
suggests. “I have a new DVD.” “Good idea! But first, we need some snacks. ____3____ buy some chips
and juice?” Bob asks. “OK, and I’ll bring ____4____ favorite cookies,” I say. We have a great time
staying at home and enjoying the movie.
1.A. Why not B. How about C. Shall we D. Let’s
2.A. Play B. Plays C. To play D. Playing
3.A. Why not B. Let’s C. Shall we D. How about
4.A. I B. me C. my D. mine
（五）阅读理解
Passage 1
阅读短文，选择最佳答案：
Hello, I’m Sam. My sister Lucy is good at drawing, but she always draws alone. I think she should
make more friends. Yesterday, I suggested joining an art club. She liked the idea and decided to go this
weekend. The art club meets every Saturday, so she can meet other kids who love drawing. I hope she’ll
have fun and make new friends there.
1.What is Lucy good at?
A. Singing. B. Drawing. C. Dancing. D. Writing.
2.What did Sam suggest?
A. Joining a music club. B. Drawing alone.
C. Joining an art club. D. Meeting friends online.
3.How often does the art club meet?
学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Every day. D. Seldom.
Passage 2
阅读短文，回答问题：
Hi, I’m Emma. Today my class had a discussion about weekend activities. Some同学建议going to
the museum, but others wanted to have a picnic. Finally, we decided to have a picnic in the park. We
brought sandwiches, fruits, and games. Everyone helped prepare the food and clean up afterward. It was
a great way to spend time together!
1.What did Emma’s class discuss?
________________________
2.What two suggestions were made?
________________________
3.What did they decide to do?
________________________
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
