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专题 12 定语从句
一.选择题(共20小题)
1.﹣Anyone___wants to pass the test should be careful.
﹣Yes,you are right.( )
A.which B.whose C.who D.whom
【分析】—任何想通过考试的人应该细心。
—是的,你说得对。
【解答】which哪一个;whose谁的;who谁,主格;whom谁,宾格。根据题干和语境,可
知"___wants to pass the test"是定语从句,修饰先行词Anyone,先行词是人,在从句中作主语,
因此用关系代词who。
故选:C。
2.Now China is one of the few nations can produce COVID﹣19 vaccines (疫苗) on a
large scale (大批量).( )
A.that B.where C.who D.what
【分析】中国是为数不多的能大批量生产新冠疫苗的国家之一。
【解答】经过观察分析可知题干包含一个定语从句。先行词是 nations,空格上需填一个代替先
行词且在从句中作主语的关系代词。that在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人或物;
where在引导的定语从句中作状语;who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;what不能
引导定语从句。因此本题正确答案是A。
故选:A。
3.﹣Do you know the girl ______ is talking with our teacher?
﹣Oh, she is my sister.( )
A.which B.what C.whose D.who
【分析】﹣你认识正在跟我们老师说话的那个女孩吗?﹣哦,她是我的姐姐.
【解答】根据句子结构,空格处所在句子是一个定语从句.先行词是the girl,指人,在从句中
作主语成分,所以用关系词who.
故选:D.
4.Being blind is something______most people can imagine.( )
A.who B.whose C.that D.what
【分析】看不见是大部分人不能想象的事情.【解答】who 谁;whose 谁的;that 那个;what 什么,不能引导定语从句.根据先行词是
something,所以要用that来引导定语从句,因此可知这句话的意思是"看不见是大部分不能想象
的事情."
故选:C.
5.I will never forget the people _________helped me a lot during my hard time.( )
A.which B.who C.whose D.whom
【分析】我永远不会忘记那些在我困难的时候帮助过我的人。
【解答】根据题干,可知考查定语从句,先行词是 people,指人,作主语,所以关系代词用
who.
故选:B。
6.A true friend is a person______reaches for your hand and touches your heart.( )
A.whom B.whose C.who D.which
【分析】真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并触动你心扉的人.
【解答】whom"谁"是who的宾格;whose"谁的;" who"谁"是主格;which "哪一个",四者既可
作疑问代词又可作关系代词.由题干"真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并触动你心扉的人."可知,
此句含有定语从句.因先行词是人,因此关系代词是 who(在句中作主语),因此答案应是
who.
故选:C。
7.WeChat is a useful communication tool _________ can help people talk to friends,share
photos,ideas and feelings freely.( )
A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
【分析】微信是一种有用的沟通工具,可以帮助人们自由与朋友交谈,分享照片、想法和感情.
【解答】考查定语从句的引导词,先行词是物,并且在从句中做主语,用which或that引导.
故选:D.
8.I still remember the college _______ I visited in London years ago.( )
A.where B.who C.that D.what
【分析】我还记得数年前我在伦敦参观过的大学.
【解答】答案:C;
首先分析句子结构,本句中的"I visited in London years ago"在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行
词the college 为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,且指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者
which,故选C.9.﹣Do you know the girl__ is giving the speech?
﹣Of course.She is my best friend,Meimei.( )
A.which B.who C.whom D.what
【分析】﹣﹣﹣你认识那个正在做演讲的女孩吗?﹣﹣﹣当然,她是我的最好朋友梅梅.
【解答】句子结构包含一个定语从句,空格上应该填一个可以作主语的关系代词.所给选项只
有what 不能引导定语从句,因此可排除D.which 引导定语从句时,先行词指物;who 引导定
语从句时指人,可作主语或宾语;whom 引导定语从句时指人,作宾语.本题先先行词指人,
且空格上所填的词在定语从句中作主语,因此B是正确选项.
故选:B。
10.﹣﹣﹣Do you like the song Shao Nian?
﹣﹣﹣Yes.I like the songs ______ I can sing along with.( )
A.that B.who C.what
【分析】﹣你喜欢《少年》这首歌吗?
﹣喜欢.我喜欢我能跟着唱的歌.
【解答】根据题干,可知考查定语从句,先行词是songs,指物,作宾语,关系代词用that.
故选:A。
11.A WeChat(微信) is an invention ______ can help people talk to friends,share photos,
ideas and feelings freely.( )
A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
【分析】微信是一项能帮助人们自由地与朋友谈话,分享照片、想法和感受的发明.
【解答】答案:D.根据题干可知,后句是修饰前句的,是一个定语从句.又根据先行词
invention是物可知,关系代词应用表示物的that或which.根据选项可知,故选:D。
12.﹣﹣﹣Tomorrow is Father's Day.What's your surprise for your father?
﹣﹣﹣The first thing____ I will do is to make a card for him.( )
A.who B.where C.whose D.that
【分析】﹣明天是父亲节.给你父亲的惊喜是什么?﹣我要做的第一件事是给他做一张卡片.
【解答】根据句意:﹣明天是父亲节.给你父亲的惊喜是什么?﹣我要做的第一件事是给他做
一张卡片.考查定语从句的关系代词,先行词是 The first thing,有序数词修饰,所以关系代词
用that.
故选:D.
13.I prefer music _____ has great lyrics.( )A.who B.whose C.that D./
【分析】我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐.
【解答】根据句意:我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐,考查定语从句的关系代词,先行词是 music,指
物,做主语,关系代词用that/which.
故选:C.
14.I like the city _____the people are really kind and friendly.( )
A.that B.which C.where D.who
【分析】我喜欢这个城市,那里的人们非常亲切和友好.
【解答】根据I like the city _____the people are really kind and friendly,可知当先行词是表
示地点的名词,关系副词用where,在定语从句中作地点状语.
that或which在从句中作主语或宾语;who的先行词应指人.
故选:C。
15.What kind of movies do you prefer?
I prefer the movies ______ me something to think about.( )
A.which give B.that gives
C.which gives D.who gives
【分析】﹣﹣你喜欢什么类型的电影?
﹣﹣我更喜欢能让我思考的电影.
【解答】本题主要考查定语从句.which 关系代词,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;that
关系代词,指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主
语或宾语;根据题干 I prefer movies ______ me something to think about.可知先行词为
movies,是物,又是复数.
故选:A.
16.I don't like people ______ talk much but do little.( )
A.where B.that C.which D.whose
【分析】我不喜欢说得多做得少的人.
【解答】首先根据语境推测句意是"我不喜欢说得多做得少的人.",分析句子结构,本句中
的"______ talk much but do little"在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词 people为下文定语从句
的逻辑主语,且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that/who.
故选:B.
17.I don't know the girl to _____ you talked just now.( )A.which B.who C.whom D.what
【分析】我不认识你刚才和她谈话的那个女孩。
【解答】题干包含一个定语从句,先行词是girl,空格上需要填一个代替先行词且在从句中作宾
语的(talk to的宾语)关系代词。which引导定语从句时,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;
who引导定语从句时,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;whom引导定语从句时,在从句中作宾
语,指代人;what不能引导定语从句。当关系代词指代人且在定语从句中作宾语,而且介词又
提前时,只能用whom引导,因此本题正确答案是C。
故选:C。
18.﹣﹣﹣Do you know that girl in red?
﹣﹣﹣Yes, she's the girl with_____I talked just now.( )
A.who B.whom C.which D.whose
【分析】﹣你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩吗?
﹣是的,她就是我刚才谈话的那个女孩。
【解答】根据题干,可知考查定语从句,先行词是 girl,指人,作宾语。前面有介词with,故关
系代词只能用whom.
故选:B。
19.I really admire the directors ________ movie Lake Changjin won the hearts of many young
people.( )
A.which B.who C.whose
【分析】我真的很佩服那些导演,他们的电影《长津湖》赢得了许多年轻人的心。
【解答】根据题干,可知考查定语从句关系词。which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语
或宾语;who关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语;whose关系代词,先行词指物或人,在
从句中作定语。句子先行词是directors,在从句中作定语,应用关系代词whose。
故选:C。
20.The boy father is a doctor is my classmate,Zhang Lei.( )
A.what. B.which C.who D.whose
【分析】父亲是医生的那个男孩是我的同学,张雷。
【解答】根据题干,可知考查定语从句。后面的名词 father 和先行词 boy 是所属关系,用
whose。
故选:D。
二.句型转换(共10小题)21.Lily returned the pen to me.I lent the pen to her last Friday(改为定语从句)
Lily returned the pen whic h I len t her last Friday.
【分析】莉莉把钢笔还给了我。我上周五把钢笔借给她。
莉莉把上周五我借给她的钢笔还给了我。
【解答】定语从句的先行词是the pen,关系代词用which,从句的谓语动词是lent。
故答案为:which;lent。
22.I will ask someone.Someone likes serious movies. (改为定语从句)
I will ask someone wh o like s serious movies.
【分析】我会问别人的。有人喜欢严肃的电影。
我会问那些喜欢严肃电影的人。
【解答】根据题干,可知先行词是someone,是指人,作主语,故关系代词用who.先行词是不
定代词,时态是一般现在时,所以定语从句用动词第三人称单数形式。
故答案为who likes.
23.The man is my Chinese teacher.He is playing football on the playground.(改为定语从
句).
The man wh o i s playin g football on the playground is my Chinese teacher.
【分析】那个男人是我的语文老师,他正在操场上踢足球.
那个正在操场上踢足球的男人是我的语文老师.
【解答】答案:who is playing.the man是先行词,故用who作为关系词,who 作为从句主语,
故答案是who is playing.
24.I know the girl , she can dance well.(改为定语从句)
I know the girl wh o ca n dance well.
【分析】﹣﹣我认识那个女孩,她舞跳得很好。
﹣﹣我认识那个舞跳得很好的女孩。
【解答】先行词the girl表示"人",在句中作主语,主语关系词用who.
故答案是who can
25.The girl is my cousin.The girl is wearing glasses.(改为定语从句)
The girl who/tha t i s wearing g1 asses is my Cousin.
【分析】﹣﹣这个女孩是我的表姐,这个女孩带着眼镜.
﹣﹣这个戴眼镜的女孩是我的表姐.
【解答】答案:who/that is.
本题要求改为定语从句,根据The girl is my cousin.The girl is wearing glasses,我们找到先行词是the girl,表示人,关系代词选择who/that,之后的谓语动词部分的单复数应与先行词the
girl一致,故答案是who/that is.
26.Tintin is a reporter with red hair and a small white dog.(改为定语从句)
Tintin is a reporter wh o ha s red hair and a small white dog.
【分析】丁丁是一位有着红头发和一只白色的小狗的记者。
【解答】答案:who has 本题要求改为定语从句,根据Tintin is a reporter with red hair and a
small white dog,我们找到先行词是 a reporter,表示人且在从句中作主语,关系代词应用
who,之后的谓语动词部分的单复数应与先行词 a reporter一致,这里是说客观事实用一般现在
时,主语是三单,故has。
故填:who has。
27.I'll never forget the farm.I visited it in 2019. (改为含有定语从句的复合句)
I'll never forget the farm whic h I visite d in 2019.
【分析】我永远不会忘记这个农场。我在2019年参观过它。
我永远不会忘记在2019年参观过的这个农场。
【解答】根据题干,改为定语从句后的先行词是"the farm",关系代词用which,在从句中作宾
语,原句中的宾语it在从句中应去掉,其他成分不变。
故答案为which I visited。
28.The book is interesting.You lent it to me yesterday.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)
The book whic h yo u len t t o m e yesterday is interesting.
【分析】这本书很有趣。你昨天把它借给了我。
你昨天借给我的这本书很有趣。
【解答】根据题干,改为定语从句后,the book是先行词,在从句中作宾语,关系代词用
which,从句中应把原句中的宾语it 去掉,其他部分不变。
故答案为which you lent to me。
29.He was an English teacher.He loved climbing. (改为复合句)
He was an English teacher wh o love d climbing.
【分析】他是一名英语老师。他喜爱爬山。
他是一名喜爱爬山的英语老师。
【解答】根据题干,可知两个分句都含有相同的主语he,因此可以把后一句改为定语从句,He
was an English teacher为主句,teacher作先行词,引导词可使用who,结合原句时态,love应
使用过去式loved。故答案为:who loved。
30.I know the girl. She is standing under the tree.(合并为一句)
I know the girl who / tha t is standing under the tree.
【分析】我认识那个女孩,她站在树下.
我认识站在树下的那个女孩.
【解答】合并为一句就是改为复合句,把后句改为定语从句,修饰 the girl,先行词是人,用
who或that引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作主语.
故答案为who/ that.
三.翻译题(共5小题)
31.我喜欢能引发我思考的电影。
I prefer movie s tha t give me something to think.
【分析】我喜欢能引发我思考的电影。
【解答】根据题干,可知考查:movie电影,此处是复数形式;此处考查定语从句,先行词是
movies,指物,故选代词用that。
故答案为movies;that。
32.绝大多数的青少年都更喜欢那些能够自己创作音乐的歌手。
Most students prefer singers wh o ca n write their own music.
【分析】绝大多数的青少年都更喜欢那些能够自己创作音乐的歌手。
【解答】先行词singers是人,用关系代词who引导定语从句;能can。根据句意和主句是一般
现在时可知,从句也用一般现在时。
故答案为:who;can。
33.鲁迅是一个能够使我们振奋的作家。
Lu Xun was a great writer wh o coul d raise our spirits.
【分析】鲁迅是一个能够使我们振奋的作家。
【解答】本句为定语从句,先行词为 writer,指人用引导词who;能够can,但注意本句was可
知要用一般过去时,所以用could。
故答案为:who could。
34.你认识挨着西蒙坐的那个男孩吗?
Do you know the boy wh o i s sitting next to Simon?
【分析】Do you know the boy who is sitting next to Simon?
【解答】句意:你认识挨着西蒙坐的那个男孩吗?根据汉语句子,可知句子是who引导的定语从句.从句为现在进行时,构成:be+doing.主语是单数,所以用is。
故答案为:who is。
35.我们需要10个能教英语的教师。
We need 10 teachers wh o ar e able to teach English.
【分析】We need 10 teachers who are able to teach English.
【解答】根据句意可知是定语从句,时态是一般现在时,先行词teachers 指人,关系词用who,
be able to能,会; teachers是复数,所以be动词用are.
故答案是who are
四.连词成句(共5小题)
36.music,that,I,dance,like,I,to,the,can I ca n danc e t o th e musi c tha t I like .
【分析】我可以随着我喜欢的音乐跳舞。
【解答】根据所给的词,可知本题为陈述句。主语为I,后跟情态动词can,谓语动词为dance,
词组dance to the music表示"随着音乐跳舞",后跟that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词music,
从句中主语为I,谓语动词为like。
故答案为:I can dance to the music that I like.
37.Third,China,the,nation,that,is ,sent,person,into,a,space.
Chin a i s th e thir d natio n tha t sen t a perso n int o spac e .
【分析】中国是第三个将人送入太空的国家。
【解答】根据单词及标点提示可知,句子是定语从句。主句主语China"中国"。谓语动词is"是"。
系动词the third"第三"修饰名词nation"国家"。that引导从句,作主语。谓语sent"送"。a person
into space"把人送上太空"作宾语。
故答案为:China is the third nation that sent a person into space.
38.musicians, like, own, songs, who, I, write, their
I lik e musician s wh o writ e thei r ow n song s .
【分析】我喜欢自己写歌的音乐家.
【解答】由题干"连词成句",及句末的符号.判断出句子是一般现在时的定语从句.它的结构是:
主语+谓语+宾语+定语从句(关系代词+谓语+宾语).主语是 I,谓语是 like ,+宾语是
musicians ,从句(关系代词是who ,谓语是write ,宾语是their own songs.)因此可连接
成句子为:I like musicians who write their own songs.
故答案为:I like musicians who write their own songs.
39.who,Nancy,blue eyes,has,is,a German girlNanc y i s a Germa n gir l wh o ha s blu e eye s .
【分析】南希是一个蓝眼睛的德国女孩。
【解答】根据所给的词和标点,可知本题为定语从句。Nancy为主语,谓语动词为is,a German
girl为表语,who引导定语从句,指人并且在从句中作主语,has为从句里的谓语动词,blue
eyes为从句里的宾语。who has blue eyes修饰"女孩"。
故答案为:Nancy is a German girl who has blue eyes.
40.break their promises, people, never, who, those, trust, always
Peopl e alway s trus t thos e wh o neve r brea k thei r promise s . .
【分析】People always trust those who never break their promises.人们一直都信任那些从来
不违约的人.
【解答】考查连词成句,根据动词判断本句是一个主从复合句,主语 People,谓语动词trust,
宾语those,后是一定定语从句,指代人用who,在从句中做主语,break their promises违约,
频度副词置于主语之后,谓语动词之前,结合语境,人们一直都信任那些从来不违约的人.
故答案为People always trust those who never break their promises.
声明:试题解析著作权属所有,未经书面同意,不得复制发布日期:2022/12/7 20:41:36;用户:13756625305;邮箱:13756625305;学号:2528812