九年级下U3 The environment
（B卷·能力提升）
【牛津（广州，深圳，沈阳）版】
学校：__________班级：__________姓名：_________ 考号：___________
温馨提示：
本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为100分，考试时间
为100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题
一、语法选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What
many people don't know is that junk(垃圾)has become ____1____problem
in outer space too.
According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space
junk _____2____around the earth. And these are just the things
_____3_____we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes(望远镜). There are _____4_____ smaller
pieces of junk that we can't see.
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet _____5____ very high speed, so
fast that even a very small piece ____6___ break important satellites _____7_____become dangerous to astronauts.
_____8_____the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.
To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example,
when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it _____9_____into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the
amount of space junk.
____10_____ additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for
25 years at most. Each tool must ______11_____to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere after that time. In the
upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.
Many scientists are also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a
metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth's atmosphere to
burn up. The _____12_____ are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth
to be _____13_____ destroyed.
“The problem is becoming more challenging because we're sending more objects into space to help people use
____14_____mobile phones and computers,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space researcher.“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, ____15_____ it will become,” he says.
1. A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. A. float B. floated C. floating D. floats
3. A. what B. that C. who D. whom
4. A. too B. either C. neither D. also
5. A. in B. at C. for D. with
6. A. must B. should C. can D. may
7. A. and B. or C. so D. then
8. A. When B. Unless C. Although D. If
9. A. break B. broke C. broken D. breaks
10. A. To reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduce
11. A. built B. be built C. be build D.be building
12. A. Germany B. Germans C. Germen D. German
13. A. safe B. safety C. safely D. more safely
14. A. their B. them C. they D. theirs
15. A. biggest B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest
二、完形填空 阅读短文，掌握大意，选出最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1分, 共10分）
Each one of us shares this planet with seven billion others. And we all need 16
. People and products need to move from city to city and country to country. However,
we all know that most cars, motorcycles, boats and planes cause air pollution. They are
also 17 . This is a serious problem in many cities. So inventors are coming up with
creative ideas to try to reduce the pollution and noise.
In many cities around the world, motorcycles are very 18 . Now Vietnam has many motorcycles.
Motorcycles are a faster and cheaper way to get around a city than 19 . Yet air pollution is a growing
problem. In large cities, people 20 it is difficult to breathe. To solve these problems, a US company
designed an environmentally friendly motorcycle. It uses electricity as fuel (燃料) . As a result, there is no
pollution. It's also quiet and fast. This makes it a good choice for getting around a city.
Venice is a city with only a few 21 . There are no cars in the city center. 22 cars, water taxis and
buses carry people along the city's canals (运河) . However, they cause pollution, 23 for the water. English
engineers Dick and Jem designed a solar-powered (太阳能的) water taxi. The water taxi can run for a day after
being charged (充电) .
Planes also cause air and noise pollution. Designing an environmentally friendly airplane is a real 24 .
Some airplane companies have 25 to solve the problems. Swiss engineers have gone one step further. Theydeveloped a solar airplane. This plane holds the world record for the longest solar-powered flight—1,541
kilometers from Arizona to Texas in America.
16. A. air B. food C. transportation D. communication
17. A. noisy B. dirty C. fast D. expensive
18. A. popular B. valuable C. dangerous D. safe
19. A. bikes B. subways C. buses D. cars
20. A. explain B. complain C. doubt D. promise
21. A. rivers B. roads C. tourists D. people
22. A. Instead of B. Thanks to C. Because of D. As for
23. A. probably B. only C. especially D. hardly
24. A. question B. job C. decision D. challenge
25. A. disagreed B. refused C. started D. remembered
三、阅读 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Terrible weather events are harming the planet, and experts warn of even greater results to come. The sea ice
loss and the Arctic ice melting(融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. So they
have pushed down the number of polar bears and seals while polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals.
According to the data from the WMO, temperatures on the Antarctica(南极洲) just hit 18.3℃, which is higher
than the record of 17.5℃ in March, 2015. Moreover, temperatures in this area have warmed about 3℃ over the last
50 years. Although such temperatures might be considered pleasant for a picnic or a hiking trip, this is the
Antarctica we are talking about. It is home to the most inhospitable environment on the planet because it is
supposed to be an extremely cold place. In fact, the average temperature of the continent's central area is -57℃.
Besides, many places are experiencing the extreme weather this summer. Australia is undergoing its worst
drought(干旱) since the 1930s, leaving bushfires burning so long and causing many deaths. Meanwhile in Europe,
crops in the northwest are suffering the driest weather in the past 80 years. Recently West Texas in America has
also gone through its worst drought in more than 70 years, while floods have hit Eastern and Southern China.
“Climate change is bad for us human beings, which causes direct health problems. I'm afraid there will be
more common events like the one that 30,000 to 50,000 persons died in Europe in 2003 due to the heat wavethere,” Professor Schwartz said. “It will also cause more air pollution, diseases and lack of clean water and so on.”
26.What doesn't bring down the number of polar bears according to this passage?
A. Hunting. B. Climate change.
C. The sea ice loss. D. The Arctic ice melting.
27.What can you get out of this passage?
A. The Antarctica is pleasant for a hiking trip.
B. Extreme weather led to wildfires burning in Europe.
C. Climate change will cause air pollution and diseases.
D. The temperatures on the Antarctica hit the highest in March, 2015.
28.What does the underlined word “inhospitable” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Comfortable to live. B. Friendly to live. C. Unhealthy to live. D. Unfit to live.
29.Which place didn't experience drought this year?
A. Europe. B. Australia. C. America. D. China.
30.What is the main idea for this passage?
A. The whole planet is drier and drier.
B. The Antarctica is warmer and warmer.
C. Climate change is getting worse and worse.
D. The number of polar bears is smaller and smaller.
B
All plants and animals are connected and depend upon one another. These connections create a web of
different types of life that are able to protect themselves from damage(损坏).
However, population growth and climate(气候) change are leading to less biodiversity(生态多样性) and
putting humans in danger.
So what can we do to help protect biodiversity and our environment?
*Be an informed consumer(有见识的用户)
Avoid buying from companies that do damage(破坏) to the environment. Remember, companies will sell what
people want to buy, so tell companies that you want products that do not hurt our planet.
*Follow the “Three Rs”
The less garbage(垃圾) you throw away, the less likely it is that natural habitats(栖息地) will be used for
landfills(垃圾填埋). Try to follow the “Three Rs” to produce as little waste as possible.
Reduce(减少): Don’t buy products you don’t need. When you do buy things, try to make choices that lead to a
smaller amount(量) of garbage. For example, buy things with a little bit of packaging(包装) or none at all.Reuse: Throw fewer goods(货物) away by using things more than once. One easy example is taking a reusable
bag to the grocery(杂货) store.
Recycle: When you do have to throw something away, recycle it so it can be made into something useful
again.
*________________________
Fossil fuels(化石燃料) are bad for the environment. The climate change they cause also leads to habitat
loss(丧失) for endangered animals. So reducing carbon emissions(碳排放) is one effective(有效的) way to protect
biodiversity. You could start by using less energy: Walk or ride your bike instead of driving, and think about green
energy like solar power(太阳能).
31.According to the passage, which of these are causing problems for the environment?
A．Creating more products. B．Turning land into natural habitats.
C．Population growth and climate change. D．The forming of a web of different living things.
32．Which of the following should we avoid doing according to the “Three Rs”?
A．Buying products you need. B．Buying over-packaged products.
C．Recycling what you don’t need. D．Using bags that you can use more than once.
33．Which of the following should go in the blank?
A．Protect endangered animals. B．Look for better fossil fuels.
C．Stop climate change. D．Reduce your carbon emissions.
34．You may read the passage in ________.
A．a novel B．a travel diary C．a guide book D．a science magazine
35．What is the purpose of this passage?
A．To show us things we can do to protect the environment.
B．To remind us about environmental problems.
C．To teach us how to achieve biodiversity.
D．To show the importance of developing green energy.
C
In 1845, a deadly disease struck Ireland, killing all the Lumper potato plants. In another place or time, the
death of single crop species (物种) might not have been so important. But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended
almost solely on the potato for food. The death of one species caused a terrible famine (饥荒). Now, some
scientists are worried that such a famine could happen again, but on a much wider area.
Over the centuries, farmers have discovered thousands of different species of food crops. However, you won'tfind many of these species in your local supermarket. To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today
are growing only species of plants and farming only species of animals that are easy to produce in large numbers.
In the Philippines, there were once thousands of varieties of rice: now fewer than 100 are grown there. In
China, 90% of the wheat varieties grown just a century ago have disappeared. Scientists believe that over the past
century, more than half of the world's food varieties disappeared.
One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds as many different plant varieties as we can before
they disappear. The idea was first suggested by Russian scientist Nikolay Vavilov. In the 1920s and 1930s, he
collected around 400,000 seeds from five continents. More recently, others are continuing the work he began.
In the US state of Iowa, Diane Ott Whealy wanted to protect historic plant varieties, like the seeds her great –
grandfather brought to the US from Germany more than a hundred years ago. She and her husband started a place
called Heritage Farm, where people can store and trade seeds.
More importantly, the people at Heritage Farm don't just store the seeds, they plant them. By doing this, they
are reintroducing foods into the marketplace that haven't been grown for years. These food species are not just
special in terms of appearance or taste. They also offer farmers food solutions for the future, from the past.
36. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The fact that many food species are dying out.
B. The need to protect potatoes from disappearing.
C. The ways to increase the number of food species.
D. The ways to prevent food species from disappearing.
37. The underlined word "solely" in Paragraph 1 is in closest meaning to ________.
A. usually B. only C. rarely D. occasionally
38. Why are some scientists worried that such a famine could happen again?
A. Because people depend on certain species of food crops.
B. Because the same deadly disease may attack crops again.
C. Because the world's population is larger than that in 1845.
D. Because farmers grow the same potatoes as those in the past.
39. Nikolay Vavilov was the first person who ________.
A. stored and planted seeds B. realized the serious problem
C. suggested collecting plant seeds D. worried a famine could happen again
40. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The disease spread very quickly and killed thousands of people in Ireland.B. Around 80 percent of the rice varieties in the Philippines have disappeared.
C. Heritage Farm is the first place in the US for people to store and trade seeds.
D. People have been storing seeds to save plant varieties for more than 150 years.
D
We have found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for the first time, scientists
have found plastic in human poop(粪便), USA Today reported.
The finding came from a study led by scientists from Environment Agency in Austria. The researchers
followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world. The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a
week and then provided a poop sample for testing.
Scientists found nine different types of plastic in the samples, according to the study. An average of 20 small
plastic particles(颗粒) were found in every 10 grams of poop. The particles measured between 50 to 500
micrometers.
"The smallest plastic particles are able to enter the bloodstream, the lymphatic system(淋巴系统), and may
even reach the liver(肝脏)," Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research, said to the Guardian.
However, the scientists aren't sure if this plastic is harmful to humans. They're not sure how the plastic got in
the volunteers' bodies, either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood
that could include plastic from ocean pollution.
In fact, plastic is everywhere around us. Every year, an average of 8 million tons of plastic waste goes into the
oceans, according to National Geographic. There, sunlight and waves break the plastic items down to the size of
grains of rice. Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil and air. Could plastic in the air
fall onto food and get into the human body?
Previous studies may also give us a clue. According to USA Today, 90 percent of sea salt sold globally
contains plastic. And even some tap water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.
41. According to USA Today, what was recently discovered?
A. Plastic pollution is worse than ever. B. Sea Salt is not safe to eat anymore.
C. Plastic has been found in human poop. D. Animals like birds or fish may eat plastic.
42. What do we know about the study from Environment Agency?
A. The volunteers kept a record of what they ate for a week.
B. It proved that ocean pollution has become rather serious.
C. Scientists from the USA followed eight healthy volunteers.
D. Nine plastic particles were found in the volunteers’ poop samples.43. Paragraph 4 is written to tell us that ______________.
A. plastic can harm the lymphatic system. B. plastic particles can be a few different sizes.
C. plastic particles can exist in everyone’s body. D. plastic particles can reach many parts of our bodies.
44. What can we infer from the story?
A. Plastic does no harm to our bodies.
B. People should stop drinking tap water.
C. It can be hard to avoid plastic in food and drinks.
D. The best way to deal with plastic waste is to burn it.
45. What’s the purpose of this passage?
A. To ask people to eat healthy food.
B. To ask people to reduce using plastic.
C. To ask people not to throw plastic bags into the sea.
D. To ask people to keep the animals away from plastic.
第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，将下面A---E五个句子分别填入文中空缺处，使得补全后的短文意思通顺，结构完整。
More youth are saying' no' to meat, 'yes' to veggies
Sticking to a vegan diet might sound difficult. But in recent years, veganism(素食主义)has become a more
popular lifestyle in many places.___46___ In the UK, about 542,000 people turned vegan during the last decade.
So why exactly has veganism become so popular?___47___The heat used to keep barns(畜棚)warm, the
machines that process meat and even the animals' farts(屁)can result in more greenhouse gases. These factors are
believed to account for 18 percent of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, according to a 2013 study by the UN
Food and Agriculture Organization.___48___A growing number of people are also deciding that it's wrong to kill
animals for food, according to BBC News. believes whether to Jess Murray, 22, is a student from London. He said
that humans do not need to eat animals to survive. He believe whether to eat animals or not is an ethical(道德
的)choice and has therefore chosen to become vegan.
___49___Vegan famous people are able to use social media to spread their message and share tips about living
a vegan lifestyle.
But experts also want to remind people that meat is important for our health. A strict vegan diet cannot always
offer the minerals and vitamins that a human body needs, depending on one's dietary choices.___50___.
A. So you may want to think it through before you decide to become a vegan.
B. This amount is even greater than that of all the world's cars, trains and planes together.C. According to Huff Post, more than 3 million people in the US are vegans,
D. Social media is also believed to be behind the increase in veganism, according to BBC New.
E. One reason could be that people want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放)
四、写作 （共四节，满分30分）
第一节 单词拼写 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分））
Without the Earth we have nowhere to live. If we don’t save the Earth now maybe our children or
grandchildren might not be able to see it for long. Our Earth is (1) u_____ and we have to do something to make it
fit again. We could plant more trees to (2) c_____ more oxygen to keep the bad air away from the atmosphere, or
we could just stop cutting down the rainforest. There are more and more humans and we need more (3) s_____, but
we aren’t the only species on Earth. Saving the rainforest is not only good for us and the atmosphere but also good
for the many different species. We could try to get as many people as possible to use energy-saving products and
(4) d_____ more on solar and wind energy. Everyone can help our planet. All they have to do is follow three simple
(5) r_____: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle!
第二节 完成句子。（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）
1. 我和他做相同的工作，但是报酬却不一样。
I do ____________ ____________job____________ he, but we are paid ___________.
2. 这是多么美妙的音乐啊！
____________ ___________ ___________ it is!
3. 太多的二氧化碳会导致全球升温。
__________ __________carbon dioxide will cause the Earth’s temperature ____________ __________.
4. 糟糕的天气使我们不能出去。
The bad weather_________ us _________ __________ out.
5. 由于大雨，所有航班都取消。
______ ______ ______ ______the heavy rain, all the flights are cancelled.
第三节：书面表达
“绿水青山就是金山银山”，坚持节约资源和保护环境是我国的基本国策。请以“共建绿色家园”为主题,
根据以下文字提示，请你写一篇英语短文向校报投稿，并适当发表自己的观点。主题 Let's build a green home together!
必要性 浪费、污染严重，必须保护我们的地球家园。
出行 骑自行车、步行；避免交通堵塞，减少空气污染
购物 尽量使用布购物袋；避免垃圾成山、污染土地
建议
节约 人离开时关灯；……
你的建议 ……（补充至少1条建议）
注意：
(1) 短文应包括所有要点；
(2) 词数80-120词(开头已给出，不计入词数)；
(3) 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Let’s build a green home together!
As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse…..
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