文档文本内容
常考词性转换
1. 名词词性转换
分类
变化规则
示例
名词变形
容词
n.+-(n)y (尤其
是一些与天气
状况有关的名
词)
cloud→cloudy
health→healthy
rain→rainy
snow→snowy
sun→sunny
wind→windy
n.+ful
care→careful
help→helpful
success→successful
thank→thankful
use→useful
wonder→wonderful
n.+-less(构成否
定意义的形容
词)
meaning→meaningless
use→useless
n.+-ous
danger→dangerous
humor→humorous
n.+-ly
friend→friendly
hour→hourly
love→lovely
live→lively
一些以-ence 结
尾的名词，把
-ence 变为-ent
confidence→confident
difference→different
excellence→excellent
silence→silent
一些以-ance 结
尾的名词，把
-ance 变为-ant
importance→important
significance→significant
一些表示国家
的名词可以在
词尾加-ese、
-ish 或-n 构成
表示国籍、语言
的形容词
Japan→Japanese
America→American
名词变动
词
+-en
dark→darken
strength→strengthen
+-ize/-ise
apology→apologize
特殊记
weight→weigh
名词变名
词
+-er,ist,(i)an 表
示一类人
science→scientist
art→artist
music→musician
village→villager
+-ship,-hood 等
表示状态
friend→friendship
neighbor→neighborhood
2. 动词词性转换
分类
变化规则
示例
动词变名词
加-ment 或去e
加-ment
achieve→achievement
develop→development
judge→judg(e)ment
move→movement
treat→treatment
argue→argument
加-er/-or/-r
sing→singer
teach→teacher
dance→dancer
visit→visitor
加-(t)ion 或去e
加-(t)ion 或变e
为a 加-tion
act→action
invent→invention
celebrate→celebration
invite→invitation
加-ing
build→building
feel→feeling
特殊记
French→France
cook→cooking
paint→painting
加-ress
act→actress
wait→waitress
特殊情况
advise→advice
choose→choice
die→death
please→pleasure
动词变形容
词
加-d/-ed
surprise→surprised
interest→interested
(去e)加-ing
relax→relaxing
develop→developing
excite→exciting
move→moving
amaze→amazing
please→pleasing
变y 为i 再加
-ed
worry→worried
satisfy→satisfied
(去e)加-able
enjoy→enjoyable
comfort→comfortable
believe→believable
accept→acceptable
其他情况
sleep→sleepy/asleep/sleepi
ng
wake→awake
live→lively/alive/living
educate→educational
