文档文本内容
第4 讲 U1 核心词汇
（知识全梳理&考点精准练）
内容导航
01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向
02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构
考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑
例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路
即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容
03 过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提
关键词
学习目标导航
学习目标
掌握本单元核心单词的词性、词义与完整词性变形；
熟记单词固定搭配、句型及语境用法；
能灵活完成单词变形、选词填空、语法选择、短文填空四类题型，夯实词汇解
题能力。
学习重点
高频词词性转换：形容词↔名词↔副词、动词名词互变、动词过去式 / 分词、
形容词反义词变形；
核心词汇短语与必考句型（make it+adj.、fail to do、succeed in doing、stick to doing
等）；
词汇在不同题型中的运用：词形填空、短文语境选词、语法搭配、短文填空变
形。
学习难点
易混变形辨析：excited/exciting、countable/countless、possible/impossible 等形容
词；
不规则变形：stick-stuck、burn-burnt/burned、grow-grew-growth；
结合时态、固定句式、介词搭配灵活变换单词形式，语境词义判断。
第一部分 词性变化
原词
词性/含义
主要转换形式
brave
adj. 勇敢的
bravery (n.) 勇气
bravely (adv.) 勇敢地
test
v. 测试
test (n.) 测试
testing (adj./n.) 测试的；测试过程
feeling
n. 感受
feel (v.) 感觉
feel (n.) 触感
felt (v.过去式/过去分词)
machine
n. 机器
machinery (n.) 机械(总称)
mechanic (n.) 机械师
magazine
n. 杂志
(无常用动词形式)
challenge
n. 挑战
challenge (v.) 挑战
challenging (adj.) 有挑战性的
curious
adj. 好奇的
curiosity (n.) 好奇心
curiously (adv.) 好奇地
craft
n. 工艺
craft (v.) 手工制作
craftsman/craftswoman (n.) 工匠
crafty (adj.) 狡猾的
windsurf
v. 帆板运动
windsurfing (n.) 帆板运动
windsurfer (n.) 帆板运动员
improve
v. 改善
improvement (n.) 改进
improving (adj.) 改进的
model
n. 模型
model (v.) 建模；当模特
modeling (n.) 建模；模特工作
print
v. 打印
print (n.) 印刷品；印刷
printer (n.) 打印机
printing (n.) 印刷术
gardening
n. 园艺
garden (n./v.) 花园；从事园艺
gardener (n.) 园丁
skate
v. 滑冰
skate (n.) 冰鞋, skating (n.) 滑冰运动
skater (n.) 滑冰者
roof
n. 屋顶
roof (v.) 给...盖屋顶
roofing (n.) 屋顶材料
sort
n. 种类
sort (v.) 分类
sorting (n.) 分类过程
camp
n./v. 露营
camper (n.) 露营者；房车
camping (n.) 露营活动
campsite (n.) 露营地
grow
v. 种；生长
growth (n.) 生长；增长
grower (n.) 种植者
grown (adj.) 长大的；成年的
grew (v.过去式)
discuss
v. 讨论
discussion (n.) 讨论
discussant (n.) 讨论参与者
impossible
adj. 不可能
impossibility (n.) 不可能性
impossibly (adv.) 不可能地
fail
v. 失败
failure (n.) 失败
failing (n./adj.) 缺点；衰退的
burn
v. 烫伤
burn (n.) 烧伤
burned/burnt (v.过去式/过去分词)
burning (adj.) 燃烧的；急切的
separate
v. 隔开
separate (adj.) 分开的
separation (n.) 分离
separately (adv.) 分别地
succeed
v. 成功
success (n.) 成功
successful (adj.) 成功的
successfully (adv.) 成功地
stick
v. 粘贴；n. 拐
杖
stuck (v.过去式/过去分词)
sticker (n.) 贴纸
sticky (adj.) 粘的
luckily
adv. 幸运地
lucky (adj.) 幸运的
luck (n.) 运气, unlucky (adj.) 不幸的
excitedly
adv. 兴奋地
excite (v.) 使兴奋
excitement (n.) 兴奋
exciting (adj.) 令人兴奋的
excited (adj.) 感到兴奋的
hopefully
adv. 有希望地
hope (n./v.) 希望
hopeful (adj.) 有希望的
hopeless (adj.) 绝望的
countless
adj. 无数的
count (v./n.) 计数
countable (adj.) 可数的
uncountable (adj.) 不可数的
solve
v. 解决
solution (n.) 解决方法
solvable (adj.) 可解决的
umbrella
n. 雨伞
(无常用动词形式)
handle
n. 把手
handle (v.) 处理；搬运
handler (n.) 处理者；驯兽师
proud
adj. 自豪的；骄
傲的
pride (n.) 自豪；骄傲
proudly (adv.) 自豪地
prouder (adj.比较级)
proudest (adj.最高级)
creative
adj. 有创造力
的
create (v.) 创造
creation (n.) 创造；作品
creativity (n.) 创造力
solution
n. 解决方法
solve (v.) 解决
solvable (adj.) 可解决的
grader
n. ...年级学生
grade (n./v.) 年级；评分
(构成复合词：first-grader, sixth-grader)
experience
n. 经历；经验
experience (v.) 经历
experienced (adj.) 有经验的
inexperienced (adj.) 无经验的
difficulty
n. 困难
difficult (adj.) 困难的
difficultly (adv. 罕用)
store
v. 储存；n. 商
店
storage (n.) 储存；仓库
storable (adj.) 可储存的
mix
v. 混合
mix (n.) 混合物
mixture (n.) 混合物
mixed (adj.) 混合的
flavour
n. 味道
flavour (v.) 给...调味
flavourful (adj.) 美味的
flavouring (n.) 调味品
sticky
adj. 黏乎乎的
stick (v.) 粘住
stickiness (n.) 粘性
cloth
n. 布料
clothe (v.) 给...穿衣
clothes (n.) 衣服
clothing (n.) 服装(总称)
square
adj. 正方形的；
n. 广场
square (v.) 使成方形；结算
squarely (adv.) 正对着地；公正地
cotton
n. 棉花
cotton (adj.) 棉制的 (e.g., cotton cloth)
basic
adj. 基本的
base (n./v.) 基础；基于
basically (adv.) 基本上
enroll in
v.短语 报名参
加
enrollment (n.) 注册；入学
enrollee (n.) 注册者
goal
n. 目标
(无常用动词形式)
goalkeeper (n.) 守门员 (复合词)
remind
v. 提醒
reminder (n.) 提醒物；提示
remind sb of sth (v.短语) 使某人想起某事
progress
n. 进步
progress (v. /prəˈɡres/) 进步；进展
progression (n.) 进展；一系列
progressive (adj.) 进步的
第二部分 重点单词详解
1.discuss v.讨论
【词性转换】discuss- discussion(n.讨论)
【相关词组】(1)discuss sth.with sb. 和某人讨论某事 (2)make a discussion 讨论
【举例】They are discussing the sport meeting with their teacher.
= They are making a discussion about the sports meeting with their teacher 他们正在和老师讨论运
动会。
2.everywhere adv.到处【相关词组】everywhere else 其他任何地方
【举例】Smoking isn't allowed almost everywhere. 吸烟几乎到处都是不被允许的。
3.impossible adj.不可能的
【反义词】possible
【词性转换】(1)possible(adj.可能的)- impossible
(2)possible- possibility(n.可能性)
(3)(im)possible-(im)possibly(adv.不可能地)
【相关词组】as.. as possible 尽可能的....
【相关句型】lt's (im)possible for sb. to do sth. 对某人而言做某事是(不)可能的。
在英语课上吃零食是不可能的。
【举例】(1) It's impossible for you to have snacks in English class.
(2)Who will possibly buy the toy car? 谁有可能会买这辆玩具车?
(3)Scientists are conducting a research on the possibility of living on the moon.科学家正
在研究居住在月球上的可能性。
(4)As long as you call me, I will get there as quickly as impossible.只要你打电话给我，我
就会尽快赶来。
4.fail v.失败 ，(考试)不及格
【反义词】succeed
【词性转换】fail-failure(n.失败)
【相关词组】(1)fail many times 失败了很多次
(2)fail an exam 考试不及格
(3)fail to do sth. 未能做成某事
(4)sense of failure 挫败感
【举例】(1) If soil is dry,the potato will fail to grow. 如果土壤干燥，土豆就没法生长。
(2)As we all know,failure is the mother of the success. 众所周知，失败是成功之母。pizza n.披萨
饼
【相关词组】a piece of pizza 一块披萨饼
【举例】Have a piece of pizza, or you will be hungry later.吃块披萨，不然你后面会饿的。
burn v.烫伤
【过去式，过去分词】burnt/burned，burnt/burned
【相关词组】(1)get burned 被烫伤 (2)burn energy 燃烧能量
【举例】I'm sure you will burn energy if you keep doing exercise.
如果你一直锻炼，我确信你会燃烧能量的。
5.separate v.隔开，分离 adj.单独的，分开的
【词性转换】separate-separately(adv.个别地)
【相关词组】(1)separate in water 在水中分离
(2)separate A from B 把A 和 B 分开
(3)separate sth.into ...把某物分成..
【举例】This type of tool can help you separate the sand from the powder 这种工具可以帮你把沙
子和细粉分离。
6.succeed v.成功
【反义词】fail
(1)succeed- success(n.成功)
【词性转换】
(2)success(n.成功)- successful(adj.有成效的，成功的)
(3)successful-successfully(adv.成功地)
【相关词组】(1)make a great/huge success in... 在某方面取得巨大的成功
(2)成功(做)某事:~succeed in(doing)sth.~be successful in (doing) sth
【举例】
(1) If you keep working hard, you will certainly succeed in what you want one day.如果你坚持努
力，总有一天你必会成功达成你想要做的。
(2)As a result, he made a great success in his career.
老师作为结果，他在事业上取得了巨大的成功。
7.stick v.粘贴，坚持 n.拐权
【过去式，过去分词】stuck/sticked，stuck/sticked
【词性转换】stick-sticky(adj 粘的)
【相关词组】(1)stick sth.onto.. 把某物粘到.上去
(3)stick to(doing)sth 坚持做某事
【举例】(1)I remembered leaving the stick in the store which is far away from my home.我记起把棍
子落在了离家很远的商店里。
(2)You can stick it on the card with the tool instead of glue.
你可以用这个工具代替胶水把它粘到卡片上。
(3)If you stick to working hard, you will realize your dream one day.
如果你坚持努力工作，你终有一天会实现梦想的。
8.away adv.离开
【相关词组】(1)stay/keep away from .. 远离...
(2)go/run/drive away 离开/逃跑/驱车离开
【举例】You'd better stay away from smoking because it's bad for your health.
你最好远离抽烟，因为它对你的健康有害。
9.luckily adv.幸好，幸运地
【反义词】unluckily = unfortunately
【近义词】fortunately【词性转换】(1)luck(n.运气)lucky(adj.幸运的)-luckily
(2) unlucky (adj.不幸的)- unluckily(adv.不幸地)
【相关词组】(1)good/bad luck 好运气/坏运气
(2)be lucky to do sth. 做某事很幸运
【举例】 (1) in China, red paper is always used for making red envelopes because red means good
luck;在中国，红纸一直被用来做红包，因为红色代表着好运。
(2)I'm so lucky to have such a good friend. 我很幸运能有这样一个好朋友。
(3)Luckily，nothing valuable was stolen. 幸运的是，没有贵重物品失窃,
10.excitedly adv.兴奋地
【词性转换】(1)excite(v.使兴奋，使激动)-exciting(adj).令人兴奋的)
(2)excite- excited(adj. 感到兴奋的)- excitedly
(3)excite-excitement(n.令人激动的事)
【相关词组】
(1)shout excitedly 兴奋地大叫
(2)be excited about/at sth.为某事感到激动
(3)to one's excitement 使某人兴奋的是
(4)with excitement 兴奋地
(5)an exciting trip 令人兴奋的旅行
【举例】(1)The whole afternoon, these students were excited about the arrival of the star
这些学生们一整个下午都在对明星的到来感到兴奋。
(2)After hearing that he won the champion, he rushed out excitedly.
听说赢了冠军后，他兴奋地冲了出去。
(3)Jimmy Lin found the race car exciting at the age of 10.
林志颖 10 岁时发现赛车很激动人心。
11.hopefully adv.有希望地
【词性转换】(1)hope(n./v.希望，期望)- hopeful(adj. 满怀希望的)
(2)hope- hopeless(adj.无望的)- hopelessly(adv 无望地）
【相关词组】
(1)hope to do sth. 希望做某事
(2)hope for sth. 期望某事
(3)in the hope of ... 怀着...的希望
【举例】(1)She just stood there,looking at me hopefully. 她就只是站在这儿，满是希望地看着我。
(2)The twins said they hoped to spend their holiday in the country.
这对双胞胎说他们希望去乡下度假。
(3)The man worked hard, hoping for a better future.
男人努力工作，希望有个更好的未来。
(4)Scientists often study Mars's weather in the hope of better understanding our own.
科学家经常研究火星的天气，希望更好地理解我们自己地星球。
adj.无尽的，数不尽的
12.countless
【词性转换】(1)count(v.数，点)-countless
(2)count-counter(n.柜台，计算机)
(3)count-countable(adj. 可计算的)
【相关词组】
(1)after countless tries 经过无数次尝试
(2)count from ... to ...
(3)count on 指望，依靠把
(4)count in
【举例】(1)Nowadays countless people choose to shop online instead of going to the shopping malls.
现如今，不计其数的人们选择网上购物而不是去百货商场。
(2)The one-year-old baby can already count from 1 to 1000.
这个一岁的孩子已经可以从1 数到 1000 了。
(3)All of us have nothing to do in the desert but count on a heavy rain.
我们所有人除了指望一场大雨，在这片沙漠中别无他法。
(4) In western countries, people count in thousands, but in Japan they count in ten thousands.
在西方国家，人们以千为单位计数，但是在日本他们是以万为单位计数。
(5)Don't count in the broken ones. 不要把坏的计算在内。
(6)The man who was in a black cap was standing behind the counter.
带着黑色鸭舌帽的男人正站在柜台后面。
一、单词拼写
1．Take care of yourself and don’t make your parents ________ about your safety. (worry)
2．This matter should be dealt with ________. (separate)
3．The most ________ part of the exam was the last question. (challenge)
4．Her kindness made it ________ for me to say no to her. (possibility)
5．I spent half a day ________ the photos on the wall. (stick)
6．Henry’s parents are _______ of what he has achieved so far. (pride)
7．________, the weather will be nice tomorrow for the basketball match. (hope)
8．After ________ tries, we succeeded in doing the experiment. (count)
9．The crowd shouted ________ when the team won the game. (excited)
10．It is necessary for us students to ________ the listening ability. (improvement)
11．The kid is always ________ (curiosity) and he keeps asking questions.
12．He always has ________ ideas for our class activities. (create)
13．It is ________ to learn everything when you study. (possible)
14．Parents are happy to see our ________ (grow) at junior high.
15．I have a good ________ (feel) about this plan.
16．It was raining heavily, but _________, my friend shared her umbrella with me. (luck)
17．We are going to try the new restaurant for the _________ (one) time tonight.
18．The ________ (arrive) of the railroad changed the Western US.
19．Let’s hope that all our trouble will ________ (appear) in the coming new year.
20．I think your way of ________ (learn) is very efficient and useful.
21．Workers are ________ bricks to build up a new _________ of the wall. (lay)
22．He ________ to keep his promise to meet me yesterday. (failure)
23．She went ________ with her classmates during the summer holidays. (camp)
24．Robin is __________ (stick) in the mud. And some ants pull him out of it.
25．We use ________ energy such as wind and solar power to drive the machines. (new)
26．He made a speech ________ among the audience last night. (brave)
27．________, I solved this problem with the help of my Math teacher. (hope)
28．________energy will become more and more important as time goes by. (renew)
29．He needed surgery to cure a ________ (trouble) back injury.
30．Mr. Jackson will ________ the problem with his partners tomorrow. (discussion)
二、选词填空
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供1-5 小
题选用，第二个方框供6-10 小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。
A．work out problems B．a lot of C． paints D．excellent E. can make F. with
How can students have a happy school life? Now there are many interesting classes and fun clubs at school.
In No. 12 Primary School in Ningxia, students can learn 31 fun things.
Huang Yujia is a student there. She learns how to make Chinese knots (中国结) in the art class. She thinks
Chinese knots are beautiful. And she really loves them. She is happy to make knots 32 her teacher, Wu
Shuyan. Wu is an 33 teacher. She often helps students 34 . Now Huang 35 all kinds of
Chinese knots. She thinks it is interesting to have the art class.
A．and B．singer C． meaningful D．because E. is good at F. discovers
Tony and Anna are also students there. They are English. Tony 36 sports. He can play football,
basketball and volleyball. Sometimes he 37 wildlife with his classmates after school. So he joins the
nature club at school. Anna likes music very much. She doesn’t play ball games 38 she thinks they are
boring. She only watches them on TV. But she can play the piano and the violin well. She can also sing and dance.
She joins the music club. And she wants to be a famous 39 in the future.
Students’ school lives in No. 12 Primary School are colourful and 40 . They can learn a lot there.
三、语法选择
Do you like singing? There is a singing club in our school. It is wonderful 41 I am a member of it.
There 42 25 boys and 20 girls in the club. I always have 43 good time singing with them.
Miss Su is one of the club 44 . She teaches English in our school, but she loves singing. She often
finds nice songs and 45 us to sing. She is cool and 46 . She can play the piano too. Look, we 47
a new song now.
I love the club. Music is a great way to bring people together. We can make friends 48 students in
different grades.
We want new members to sing with us. Please join 49 ! Come on! I hope we 50 together at
the 2026 Spring Festival Gala (演出).
41．A．so
B．and
C．but
42．A．are
B．is
C．be
43．A．/
B．a
C．the
44．A．teacher
B．teachers
C．teachers’
45．A．teach
B．will teach
C．teaches
46．A．friendly
B．friend
C．friends
47．A．practice
B．will practice
C．are practicing
48．A．with
B．to
C．of
49．A．we
B．our
C．us
50．A．sing
B．will sing
C．are singing
四、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
What fun clubs does your school have? A middle school in Weifang 51 (have) a special club called
Happy Farming Club. Students can learn to grow (种植) vegetables there. Many students are 52 (interest)
in the club. Every Friday afternoon, the 53 (member) in the club work together in the school garden. They
watch the vegetables grow right under 54 (they) noses. Sometimes, they take photos of them 55
biology class. Classes in the teaching 56 (build) can’t bring so much fun! They also put up a board (牌子)
with the 57 (vegetable) names and information on it. The school garden looks like a small farm now.
Students all feel happy 58 (see) this. 59 do you like the club? Would you like 60 (join)
it?
夸克群
群满加Q
秘塔
QQ群
AI
【温馨提示】本页为广告页，打印前可以把这页删掉
群
满
或
未
通
过
：
请
至
左
侧
资
料
库
文
档
获
取
最
新
二
维
码
防失联渠道二：https://link3.cc/xbjf
防失联渠道一
