文档文本内容
第04 讲Unit 3 My School
（知识全梳理&考点精准练）
内容导航
01 预习航标→析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向
02 教材全解→析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构
考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑
例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路
即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容
03 过关检测→练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提
关键词
学习目标导航
学习目标
1. 能够正确使用there be 结构描述学校场所的位置。
2. 能够正确使用方位介词（in front of, behind, next to, between, across from）描述位置关系。
3. 能够询问和回答学校场所的位置（Where is...? / Where are...?）。
4. 能够介绍自己的学校并描述自己喜欢的场所。
学习重点
1. there be 结构的肯定句、否定句、疑问句。
2. 方位介词（in front of, behind, next to, between, across from）的用法。
3. 学校场所词汇（library, gym, dining hall, classroom building 等）。
学习难点
1. there be 句型的就近原则。
2. 区分in front of 和in the front of。
3. there be 与have/has 的区别。
1.Where’s the dining hall? It’s in front of the art building. 餐厅在哪里？它在艺术楼的前面。
【详解】方位介词用法对比：
in front of 在……前面；behind 在……后面；next to 在……旁边；between 在……之间；across from
在……对面
【辨析】in front of 与in the front of
短语
含义
例句
in front of
在……前面（外部）
There is a tree in front of the classroom.（教室前面有一棵树——树在
教室外面）
in the front of
在……前部（内部）
The teacher’s desk is in the front of the classroom.（讲台在教室的前
部——讲台在教室里面）
【拓展】between 的用法
between 表示“在两者之间”，后面接两个对象，用and 连接。
例句：The student centre is between the library and the gym.
【重点短语】
in front of the art building 在艺术楼前面
between the library and the gym 在图书馆和体育馆之间
across from the school hall 在学校礼堂对面
【易错警示】
不要说：next 表示“在旁边”，必须加to：next to ✅
不要说：across 表示“穿过”，across from 才表示“在对面”
【典例】— Where’s the dining hall?
— It’s ______ the art building.
A. next B. across C. in front of D. between
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——餐厅在哪里？——它在艺术楼的前面。本空所缺应是方位介词短语。根据教材对话可
知，餐厅在艺术楼前面，用in front of。A 缺少to，B 缺少from，D 后需要接and。故选C。
【即练1】The library is ______ the gym and the classroom building.
A. next to B. across from C. between D. behind
【即练2】The teacher’s desk is ______ the classroom.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. behind D. next to
2.There are 40 student desks in the room. 房间里有40 张学生课桌。
【详解】
(1) there be 结构的基本形式
形式
结构
例句
肯定句
There is + 单数名词/不可数名词
There is a library in our school.
肯定句
There are + 复数名词
There are 40 desks in the room.
否定句
There is/are + not + 名词
There isn’t a gym.
一般疑问句
Is/Are + there + 名词?
Is there a library?
肯定回答
Yes, there is/are.
Yes, there is.
否定回答
No, there isn’t/aren’t.
No, there isn’t.
(2) there be 与have/has 的区别
结构
含义
主语
例句
there be
存在（某地有某物）
地点
There is a library in our school.
have/has
拥有（某人有某物）
人
I have a library card.
(3) there be 的就近原则
当there be 后面有多个名词时，be 动词的形式由离它最近的名词决定。
There is a pen and two books on the desk.（a pen 是单数，用is）
There are two books and a pen on the desk.（two books 是复数，用are）
【典例】There ______ 40 student desks in the room.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
【答案】B
【详解】句意：房间里有40 张学生课桌。本空所缺应是be 动词。主语40 student desks 是复数，there be 结
构用are。have/has 表示“拥有”，主语不能是地点。故选B。
【即练1】There ______ a library and two gyms in our school.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
【即练2】______ there any lockers in the classroom?
A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does
3.Where is the library? It is behind the classroom building.
图书馆在哪里？它在教学楼后面。
【详解】
(1) Where 问句的结构
结构
例句
Where is + 单数名词?
Where is the library?
Where are + 复数名词?
Where are the bookcases?
(2) 回答
问句
回答
Where is the library?
It is behind the classroom building.
Where are the bookcases?
They are next to the window.
(3) there be 与where 问句的关系
there be 用来“陈述”某地有某物。
Where 问句用来“询问”某物在哪里。
两者可以相互转换。
例句：
There is a library behind the classroom building.
Where is the library? — It’s behind the classroom building.
【典例】— Where ______ the bookcases?
— They are next to the window.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——书柜在哪里？——它们在窗户旁边。本空所缺应是be 动词。主语bookcases 是复数，
用are。故选B。
【即练1】— Where is the gym?
— ______ behind the library.
A. It’s B. They’re C. There is D. There are
【即练2】Where ______ the lockers? (be)
4.There is a teacher’s building across from the school hall. 学校礼堂对面有一座教师楼。
【详解】
(1) there be 的并列主语结构
教材中的句子展示了there be 结构用于描述多个场所的位置关系。
句子
结构
There is a teacher’s building across from the school hall.
is + 单数名词
There is a student centre between the library and the gym.
is + 单数名词+ between...and...
There are some trees in front of the sports field.
are + 复数名词+ in front of...
(2) there be 与方位介词的结合使用
there be 结构经常和方位介词短语一起使用，共同描述位置。
公式
例句
There + be + 名词+ 方位介词短语
There is a library behind the classroom building.
(3) 描述位置的完整结构
位置1：There is a gym next to the library.
位置2：There is a dining hall across from the sports field.
位置3：There are some trees in front of the classroom building.
【拓展】
描述位置时，可以用不同的方位介词使表达更丰富：
next to（旁边）
across from（对面）
in front of（前面）
behind（后面）
between...and...（之间）
【易错警示】
多个场所的位置描述要注意介词的正确选择。
next to（旁边）≠across from（对面）≠in front of（前面）
【典例】There ______ some trees in front of the sports field.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
【答案】B
【详解】句意：运动场前面有一些树。本空所缺应是be 动词。主语some trees 是复数，there be 结构用are。
故选B。
【即练1】There ______ a student centre between the library and the gym.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
【即练2】There ______ two blackboards and a smart whiteboard in the classroom.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
5.Is there a gym in this school?
这所学校有体育馆吗？
【详解】
(1) 学校场所词汇表
英文
中文
library
图书馆
gym
体育馆
dining hall
餐厅
classroom building
教学楼
teachers’ office
教师办公室
sports field
运动场
student centre
学生中心
school hall
学校礼堂
science building
科学楼
art building
艺术楼
(2) 描述学校场所的常用句型
句型
例句
There is a + 场所+ 地点.
There is a gym next to the library.
Is there a + 场所+ 地点?
Is there a dining hall in your school?
Where is the + 场所?
Where is the classroom building?
(3) 场所名称的构词规律
building 后缀：classroom building, science building, art building
hall 后缀：dining hall, school hall
centre 后缀：student centre
field 后缀：sports field
【重点短语】
raise the flag 升国旗
do exercises 做操
【易错警示】
dining hall 不要写成dinner hall
teachers’ office 的’ 在s 后面，表示“老师们的办公室”
sports field 中的sports 用复数形式
【典例】— Is there a ______ in your school?
— Yes, we can play basketball there.
A. library B. dining hall C. gym D. classroom
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你们学校有体育馆吗？——是的，我们可以在那里打篮球。本空所缺应是场所名词。
打篮球的地方是体育馆（gym）。故选C。
【即练1】We have lunch in the ______.
A. library B. dining hall C. gym D. classroom
【即练2】There is a ______ behind the library. We can read books there.
A. gym B. dining hall C. teachers’ office D. reading corner
6.What’s your new classroom like? It’s large.
你的新教室怎么样？它很大。
【详解】
(1) What’s...like? 的用法
What’s...like? 用来询问“某物/某人怎么样”，回答用形容词描述特征。
问句
回答
What’s your new classroom like?
It’s large.
What’s the new teacher like?
She’s kind.
(2) 描述学校场所的形容词
形容词
中文
例句
large
大的
Our classroom is large.
modern
现代的
The library is very modern.
beautiful
美丽的
Our school is beautiful.
special
特别的
This is a special place.
amazing
令人惊奇的
The sports field is amazing.
clean
干净的
The dining hall is clean.
(3) 形容词的用法
形容词放在be 动词后面作表语：It is large.
形容词放在名词前面作定语：a large classroom
【拓展】
What’s...like? 还可以用来询问人的外貌或性格。
What’s your brother like? — He’s tall and kind.
【易错警示】
What’s...like? 中的like 是介词，意为“像”，不是动词“喜欢”。
不要混淆：What does he like?（他喜欢什么？）
【典例】— What’s your new classroom like?
— It’s ______. There are 50 desks in it.
A. small B. large C. clean D. beautiful
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你的新教室怎么样？——它很大。里面有50 张课桌。本空所缺应是形容词。50 张课桌
说明教室很大，用large。故选B。
【即练1】The library is very ______. There are many computers and e-readers.
A. old B. small C. modern D. dirty
【即练2】Our school is ______. I like the green trees and colorful flowers.
A. large B. modern C. beautiful D. special
7.Thanks for your email. To answer your question, my new school is great!
谢谢你的电子邮
件。回答你的问题，我的新学校很棒！
【详解】
(1) 电子邮件常用表达
表达
中文
位置
Thanks for your email.
谢谢你的电子邮件。
开头
To answer your question...
回答你的问题……
开头
How about your school?
你的学校怎么样？
结尾
Bye for now,
先再见了，
结尾
Yours,
此致，
结尾签名前
(2) 电子邮件格式
To: 收件人邮箱
From: 发件人邮箱
Subject: 主题（可选）
Dear 收件人姓名,
邮件正文内容
Yours,
发件人姓名
(3) 教材中的电子邮件分析
Peter 的回复邮件结构：
感谢对方来信：Thanks for your email.
回答问题：To answer your question, my new school is great!
描述学校：There’s a large sports field... The classroom building is behind the sports field...
询问对方：How about your school?
结尾：Yours, Peter
【拓展】
书信/邮件结尾的常用表达：
Yours sincerely,（较正式）
Yours,（常用）
Best wishes,（祝福）
Bye for now,（随意）
【易错警示】
Yours 的首字母大写，后面加逗号。
收件人姓名前用Dear，后面加逗号。
不要忘记签名。
【典例】— Thanks ______ your email.
— You’re welcome.
A. of B. for C. to D. with
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——谢谢你的电子邮件。——不客气。本空所缺应是介词。Thanks for 意为“因……而感谢”。
故选B。
【即练1】______ your question, my new school is very beautiful.
A. Answer B. To answer C. Answering D. Answered
【即练2】How ______ your school? (介词)
一、单项选择
1．________ some trees in front of the sports field.
A．They are
B．There are
C．It is
D．There is
2．—Look, they are playing football on the ________.
—Cool. Let’s join them.
A．classroom
B．office
C．restaurant
D．field
3．—What place do you like best in your school?
—I love the ________. We get to play different sports there.
A．dining hall
B．library
C．lab
D．gym
4．—What’s in the bag?
—_________ some school things in it.
A．Those are
B．These are
C．There are
D．They are
5．The boy ________ me is too tall. I can’t see the blackboard.
A．next to
B．behind
C．in front of
D．across from
6．—Excuse me, ________ a library near here?
—Yes. There is one next to the post office.
A．is there
B．is it
C．there is
D．it is
7．—Am I going the right way?
—Yes, just go ________ the street and you’ll see it next to the museum.
A．against
B．under
C．across
D．with
8．—I want to plant an apple tree ________ the house.
—That’s a great idea.
A．in
B．in the front of
C．in front of
D．between
二、单词拼写
9．Do you ________ ________ ________ (升旗) every Monday morning?
10．The library is ________ the school gate. You can find it easily.（在……对面）
11．The dining hall is ________ the gym. (在……前面)
12．The student center is between the library and the g________ (健身房).
13．There ________ (be) a pen and two pencils on the table.
14．There ________ (be) 50 students in our class.
15．My friends and I often play football on the sports f________ after school.
三、完成句子
16．公园在书店的对面。
The park is ________ the bookstore.
17．我的班主任的办公室在我们教室旁边。
My class teacher’s office is ______________ our classroom.
18．The students always have the test in this building. (对划线部分提问)
________ the students always have the test?
19．另一只鸭子在大树后面。
_________ duck is _________ the big tree.
20．There is a football match on TV.（改为一般疑问句）
____________________________________________________________________________________________
