文档文本内容
Unit 7 The Birthday Party
词汇精讲精练
责编：郭素清
词汇精讲
1. writer
writer 意为“作者，作家”，是由动词write 后加-er 构成。
【拓展】表示职业或身份的名词小结：
(1) 以-ist 结尾的有：
pianist 钢琴家 chemist 化学家 violinist 小提琴家
physicist 物理学家 scientist 科学家
(2) 以-er，-r 或-or 结尾的有：
teacher 教师 painter 画家 singer 歌唱家 visitor 参观者
actor 演员 engineer 工程师 inventor 发明家 professor 教授 reporter 记者
(3) 以-man 结尾的有：
postman 邮递员 policeman 警察 businessman 商人 spaceman 宇航员
fisherman 渔夫 dustman 清洁工
(4) 以-ian 结尾的有：
musician 音乐家 politician 政治家
2. thousand
thousand 是数词，意为“千”，当表示具体的“几千”时，用“基数词 + thousand”，注意不加-s。
例如：There are six thousand students in the city. 这个城市有6000 名学生。
【拓展】
（1）thousands of 表示“数千，成千上万的”这时thousand 后要加-s，且后面有介词of，但是不能与数词
连用。例如：
There are thousands of people on the square. 在广场上有成千上万的人。
（2）表示数词的还有hundred“百”，million“百万”，billion“十亿”。它们的用法和thousand 一样，可
以用来表示约数和确数。
3. plan
(1) 作可数名词，意为“计划，方案”。例如：
What are your plans? 你的计划是什么？
Make a plan for study, please. 请制定学习计划。
(2) 作动词，意为“计划，打算”，其现在分词为planning，过去式和过去分词为planned。常用于“plan
to do sth.计划干某事”的结构中。例如：
They are planning to go hiking this weekend. 他们正在计划本周末远足的事。
I plan to eat more fruit and vegetables every day.
我计划每天吃更多的水果和蔬菜。
4. present
(1) present 作名词，the present 意为“现在,目前”。例如：
There is no time like the present. 机不可失,时不再来。
(2) present 用作名词，意为“礼物,赠品”。例如：
He often gave his neighbor’s kids little presents. 他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。
(3) present 作形容词，意为“出席的,在场的”。例如：
How many people were present at the meeting? 到会的有多少人?
(4) present 作形容词，还意为“现在的,当前的”。例如：
I’m not at all satisfied with the present situation. 我对目前的情况一点都不满意。
(5) present 作及物动词， 意为“赠送,呈献”后接to/with。例如：
They presented him with a bunch of flowers. 他们献给他一束鲜花。
5. afraid
afraid 是形容词, 意为“害怕的, 恐惧的”。常和系动词一起构成系表结构。句式be afraid 是afraid 最常
用的形式，其常见的用法有：
（1）be afraid of
be afraid of 后跟名词、代词或动名词，意为“害怕某人或某物”。例如:
Are you afraid of dogs? 你害怕狗吗?
She seems very much afraid of him. 她好像很害怕他。
He is afraid of jumping. 他不敢跳。
（2）be afraid to
be afraid to 后接动词原形，意为“害怕做某事或不敢做某事”。例如：
He is afraid to fly in a plane. 他不敢坐飞机。
6. else
else 意为“另外的，其他的”，无比较级，常用在who; whose; what 等疑问代词及when; where 等疑问
副词之后；也放在some; any；no 与body; thing; where 等构成的词之后。例如：
Would you like anything else to drink? 你还想喝点别的什么吗？
What else do you want to say? 你还想说点别的什么吗？
I’m going to take you somewhere else. 我要带你去别处。
7. ago＆before
（1）ago 表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距今……以前”，需和过去时或过去进行时连用。
before 泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”，意思是 “距过去某时……以前”，常和完成时连用，尤
其在间接引语中，例如：
His parents died ten years ago．他父母十年前都去世了。
He said that his parents had died ten years before．他说他父母亲十年前都去世了。
I have never been there before．我以前从来没有去过那里。
（2）如果不具体表明多少时间以前，只用before 不用ago，意为“从前、以前”。before 仍以副词的形式置
于被修饰语后，常与完成时或者过去时连用。例如：
Have you seen this film before? 你以前看过这部电影吗？
He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before．他问我以前是否去过长城。
（3）表示在某一点时间或事件以前时，只用before 不用ago，这种用法是将before 当作介词或连词使用。
ago 不具有这一功能。例如：
They will come back before six o’clock．他们将在6 点前回来。
It is hoped that this will be finished before the year 1995．希望这件工作将在1995 年以前完成。
8. enjoy
enjoy 意为“享有，享受；欣赏；喜欢”等意，enjoy oneself (enjoy 后接反身代词作宾语)，意为“玩得
高兴”，相当于have a good time。例如：
They enjoyed themselves last night. 昨天晚上他们玩得很高兴。
We enjoyed ourselves at Jim’s birthday party. 在吉姆的生日晚会上我们过得很愉快。
【拓展】
（1）enjoy sth. 意为“喜爱某物”，后面接名词、代词作宾语。例如：
She enjoys oranges very much. 她非常喜欢香蕉。
（2）enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事，后面接动名词作宾语。例如:
Those girls enjoy playing the piano.
那些女孩非常喜欢弹钢琴。
9. fall
（1）fall 作动词，意为“落下；跌倒”等，常见搭配有：fall asleep (睡着)，fall behind (落后)， fall over
(跌倒，摔倒)，fall off (落下掉下)等。例如：
Put on a spurt, or you'll fall behind. 加把劲, 不然你要落后了。
He fell asleep soon. 他很快睡着了。
He pretended to fall over. 他假装跌倒。
When you are learning to ride a bicycle, you often fall off.
初学骑自行车时, 常会从车上掉下来。
（2）fall 作名词，意为“秋天，瀑布”等。例如：
The old man died in the fall of 1999. 在19999 年的冬天，那个老人去世了。
They’ll visit the Niagara Falls. 他们将去参观尼亚加拉瀑布。
10. bring
bring 动词，意为“带来；拿来”。例如：
Bring your English book to my office. 把你的英语书带到我办公室里来。
【拓展】bring＆take
（1）bring 指从别处将某人或者某物带到说话人所在的地方。
例如：Please bring your family photo tomorrow. 明天请把你的全家福带过来。
（2）take 意为“带走，拿走”时，指把某人或者某物从说话人所在地带走。
例如：
His father often takes him to the zoo on weekends. 他爸爸周末经常带他去动物园。
11. wish
wish 作动词，意为“但愿；希望”，与hope 同义。一般用于表示“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”，强
调主语的主观愿望。例如：
I wish I could see him now, because I miss him very much. 我希望我现在能见到他，因为我很想
念他。
【拓展】辨析：hope 与wish
（1）相同点：表示“想；希望”，宾语可为to do,不能用doing。
I hope/wish to visit Guilin. 我希望去桂林观光。
（2）不同点：wish 后可以跟复合宾语，即wish sb. to do sth.,而hope 不能。
I wish you to go.(正) 我希望你去。
I hope you to go.(误) 我希望你去。
（3）两者都可接that 从句，但是“hope + that 从句”表示希望，“wish + that 从句”表示愿望，且从句的谓
语动词要用虚拟语气。
I hope you’ll be better soon. 我希望你很快好起来。
I wish I were really wealthy. 但愿我真的富有。
（4）wish 后可接双宾语。
We wish you a happy New Year! 我们祝你新年快乐！
12. forget
forget 动词，意为“忘记，遗忘”，作及物动词时意为“忘记”，其后可以直接跟名词作宾语，也可以
跟动词不定式或者动名词；作不及物动词时意为“遗忘东西”。它的反义词是 remember，形容词是
forgetful。
例如：Let’s forget the bad past! 让我们忘记糟糕的过去吧！
I’ve forgotten about it. 我已经忘记这件事了。
Don’t forget to bring me an umbrella. 别忘了给我带把伞。
【拓展】forget 和 leave 的区别
forget 不与表示地点的介词短语连用，只是表示忘记，但不具体表明将某物忘在了什么地方。
例如：Sorry, I forget my key. 抱歉，我忘了带钥匙了。
leave 常与表示地点的介词短语连用，表示“将某物忘在某地”。
例如：I left my key in my office. 我把钥匙落在办公室了。
词汇精练
I. 英汉互译。
1. 数以千计的_________ 2. be afraid of _________ 3. plan to do sth. __________
4. enjoy oneself _________ 5. forget to do sth. _________ 6. 实现________
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. My friends give me many p_________ on my birthday.
2. —What s__________ is the moon?
—It’s a circle.
3. M__________ the eighth is Women’s Day.
4. July is the s _________ month of the year.
5. The last month of the year is D __________ .
6.To my _________(惊奇)，he can finish the work on time.
7.I got a _________(特别的) present from my daughter on Mother’s Day.
8. Where _________(其他) do you go, Li Ping?
9.Tomorrow is my __________ (十二) birthday.
10.The __________ (蜡烛) are on the cake. Let’s start our party.
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. There are so many new_______ (word) in this passage. It’s a little hard for me.
2. Can you ________ (count) these books for me?
3.When he was five years old, he began ________ (climb) the mountains (山) with his father.
4. What does the word “ballet” ________ (mean) in Chinese?
5. The________ (pig) like sleeping.
6.—Who________ (blow) out the candles last night?
—Ann did.
7. I never heard such a _________ (fun) story.
8. Jim fell down yesterday, but he didn’t hurt __________ (him).
9. He can_________ (recite) many Chinese poems.
10. We all __________ (have) a good time at Jane’s birthday party yesterday.
Ⅳ.选词填空。
1. It’s cold outside. I ______ (must, have to) put on my coat.
2. This is ______ (quiet, quite) an interesting book.
3. ______ (Take, Bring) your sister here with you.
4. Speak loudly, please! I can’t ______ (hear, listen to) you clearly.
5. I ________ (lost, forgot) my book in the classroom. I must go back.
6. I ________ (hope, wish) you good luck.
V. 听力链接。
（2015 浙江宁波中考）
STUDY ENGLISH IN AMERICA
County
Tina comes from 1 .
Weekend
Activity
Tina 2 on Sundays.
Location
Tina’s host family is in a 3 area.
TV Program
Tina always watches 4 in the evening.
Study Time
Stay for 5 and study English like Tina does!
1. A. China B. Japan C. India
2. A. visits famous places B. studies in the library C. goes shopping
3. A. busy B. quiet C. rich
4. A. pet shows B. talk shows C. sports shows
5. A. two weeks B. two months C. two years
参考答案
I. 英汉互译。
1. thousands of 2 . 害怕…… 3. 计划做某事 4. 玩儿的开心
5. 忘记做某事 6. come true
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. presents 2. shape 3. March 4. seventh 5. December
6. surprise 7. special 8. else 9. twelfth 10. candles
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. words 2. count 3. to climb 4. mean 5. pigs
6. blew 7.funny 8.himself 9.recite 10.had
Ⅳ. 选词填空。
1. have to 2. quite 3. Bring 4. hear 5. forgot 6. wish
V.听力链接。
答案及听力材料：
1. C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B
听独白，填表格。听下面一段独白，然后从A、B、C 三个选项中选择正确的选项，完成下面的信息记录表。
独白念两遍。
I’m Tina from India．English is one of my favorite subjects，so I went to an English language school in
the United States．My class is quite small．There is one student from China，two from Thailand，one from
Japan．We study English every morning，Monday through Friday．On Sundays we visit many famous places．
I’m very lucky because my host family is in a quiet area outside the city ．There are Mr. and Mrs.
Brown，their son David．All of us like playing sports，and always watch sports shows in the evening．
Life is a journey．Come to the United States for two months and have fun learning English like I do．
