高中英语丨每日一句No.074

✅ For the best chance of doing sth. 介词短语作目的状语，"为了最大限度地……"

✅ keeping Earth liveable 动名词短语作介词 of 的宾语

✅ keep + 宾语 + 形容词 复合宾语结构，"使……保持……"

✅ understand exactly how... 宾语从句，exactly 加强语气

✅ how the microscopic creatures might be useful 宾语从句用陈述语序

✅ might be useful 情态动词 might 表推测

✅ and perhaps even preferable to... 并列表语，承前省略 might be

✅ preferable to 固定搭配，"比……更可取"（不用 than！）

✅ approaches to doing sth. to 是介词，后接动名词

✅ sci-fi / cool off 熟词：科幻的 / 使冷却、降温

For the best chance of keeping Earth liveable, scientists need to understand exactly how the microscopic creatures might be useful, and perhaps even preferable to the more sci-fi approaches to cooling off the world.

chance /tʃɑːns/ n.

机会；可能性

近义词：opportunity, possibility

词性转化：chance v. 碰巧；冒险一试

常用搭配：the best chance of doing sth. 做某事的最大可能｜ by chance 偶然｜ take a chance 冒险一试｜ There is a chance that... 有可能……

Practice more, and you will have a better chance of passing the exam.多练习，你通过考试的机会就更大。

keep /kiːp/ v.

保持；使维持（某状态）

近义词：stay, remain, maintain

词性转化：keeper n. 饲养员；保管人

常用搭配：keep + 宾语 + 形容词（keep Earth liveable 使地球保持宜居）｜ keep doing sth. 持续做某事｜ keep up 保持｜ keep in touch 保持联系

Opening the windows helps keep the air fresh.开窗有助于保持空气清新。

liveable /ˈlɪvəbl/ adj.（也拼作 livable）

适宜居住的；宜居的

近义词：habitable, fit to live in

词性转化：live v. 居住｜ living adj. 活着的｜ livelihood n. 生计

常用搭配：keep Earth liveable 让地球保持宜居｜ a liveable city 一座宜居城市

Green spaces make a city more liveable.绿地让城市更宜居。

exactly /ɪɡˈzæktli/ adv.

确切地；恰好；正是

近义词：precisely, accurately

词性转化：exact adj. 精确的｜ exactness n. 精确

常用搭配：understand exactly how... 确切了解……｜ exactly what... 正是……（That's exactly what I want.）

Nobody knows exactly how the universe began.没有人确切知道宇宙是如何开始的。

microscopic /ˌmaɪkrəˈskɒpɪk/ adj.

极小的；用显微镜才能看见的

近义词：tiny, minute, invisible to the eye

词性转化：microscope n. 显微镜｜ microscopically adv. 极小地

常用搭配：microscopic creatures 微小生物｜ 构词：micro-（微小的）+ scope（镜）→ 微小到要用显微镜看

Microscopic organisms in the ocean produce much of the oxygen we breathe.海洋中的微小生物制造了我们呼吸的大部分氧气。

creature /ˈkriːtʃə(r)/ n.

生物；动物；人

近义词：organism, being, animal

词性转化：create v. 创造｜ creation n. 创造

常用搭配：living creatures 生物｜ sea creatures 海洋生物｜ a strange creature 奇怪的生物

Deep in the ocean live creatures that no one has ever seen.深海里生活着从未有人见过的生物。

preferable /ˈprefrəbl/ adj.

更可取的；更好的

近义词：better, more desirable, superior

词性转化：prefer v. 更喜欢｜ preference n. 偏好｜ preferably adv. 最好

常用搭配：be preferable to... 比……更可取（to 是介词，后接名词/动名词，不用 than！）

A quiet study environment is preferable to a noisy one.安静的学习环境比嘈杂的更可取。

sci-fi /ˈsaɪ faɪ/ n. & adj.

科幻（= science fiction）；科幻的

近义表达：science fiction, futuristic

常用搭配：sci-fi movies 科幻电影｜ a sci-fi approach 一个科幻式的（大胆）方法｜ 文中 sci-fi approaches 带调侃语气："科幻大片式的点子"

Ideas that once sounded like sci-fi are now becoming reality.曾经听起来像科幻的想法如今正变成现实。

approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ n. & v.

方法；途径（n.）｜ 接近；着手处理（v.）

近义词：method, way, means（n.）；come near（v.）

词性转化：approachable adj. 亲切可接近的

常用搭配：an approach to doing sth. 做某事的方法（to 是介词！）｜ approach sb. 接近某人｜ a new approach to teaching 教学新方法

The school is trying a new approach to reducing students' stress.学校正在尝试一种缓解学生压力的新方法。

cool off /kuːl ɒf/ phr. v.

（使）变凉；冷却、降温

近义表达：cool down, lower the temperature

常用搭配：cool off the world 给地球降温｜ cool off after exercise 运动后降温｜ cool down 平静下来

Trees can cool off the streets in summer.树木能在夏天为街道降温。

might /maɪt/ modal v.

可能；也许（表推测，语气比 may 更委婉）

近义词：may, could, possibly

常用搭配：might be useful 可能有用｜ might have done 过去可能做了（对已发生事的推测）｜ 科普文中 might 常用来表达"有待验证的可能性"

This new drug might be helpful, but more research is needed.这种新药可能有帮助，但还需要更多研究。

understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v.

理解；了解；明白

近义词：grasp, comprehend, figure out

词性转化：understanding n. 理解（No.068 出现过 understanding and appreciation）

常用搭配：understand exactly how... 确切了解如何……｜ gain a better understanding of... 更好地理解……｜ It is understood that... 据悉……

We need to understand exactly what the problem is before solving it.解决问题之前，我们需要确切了解问题是什么。

Step 1：找主干scientists need to understand exactly how... —— 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语（不定式），干干净净。

Step 2：句首目的状语For the best chance of keeping Earth liveable 是介词短语作目的状语："为了最大限度地……"，为整句定下目标。

Step 3：动名词作介词宾语of keeping Earth liveable 中，介词 of 后面必须接动名词 keeping，不能接原形 keep。

Step 4：keep 复合宾语keep Earth liveable 是"keep + 宾语 + 形容词"结构：使地球保持宜居。同类：keep the room clean。

Step 5：exactly + 宾语从句understand exactly how the microscopic creatures might be useful 中，how 引导宾语从句作 understand 的宾语，exactly 加强语气——"确切地搞明白"。

Step 6：宾语从句陈述语序 + might 推测从句内部是 the creatures might be useful（主语 + 谓语），不是 how might the creatures be。might 表"有可能"，科普文常用它留余地。

Step 7：并列 + 承前省略and perhaps even preferable to... 与 (might be) useful 并列，共用 might be——"也许有用，甚至更可取"。补全后是：and might perhaps even be preferable to...

Step 8：preferable to + approach topreferable to the more sci-fi approaches 中 to 是介词；后面的 approaches to cooling off the world 又一个 to + 动名词——两个 to 都是介词，这是本句最容易被误判的地方。

Step 9：整合翻译"要想让地球最大限度地保持宜居，科学家需要确切地弄明白：这些微小生物可能在哪些方面派上用场——甚至，比起那些更具科幻色彩的全球降温方案，它们也许更可取。"

🌳 句子结构层级图

[目的状语] For the best chance of keeping Earth liveable（of + 动名词）      ↓[主干] scientists need to understand exactly...      └─ [宾语从句] how the microscopic creatures might be useful              （陈述语序 + might 表推测）              ↓[并列] and perhaps even (might be) preferable to...（承前省略）              └─ the more sci-fi approaches                     └─ to cooling off the world（to 是介词）

直译版

为了获得让地球保持宜居的最大机会，科学家需要确切地理解这些微小生物可能是如何有用的，甚至可能比那些更具科幻色彩的给世界降温的方法更可取。

润色版

想让地球最大限度地保持宜居，科学家们得先弄清一件事：这些肉眼看不见的微生物究竟能帮上什么忙——说不定，比起那些"科幻大片式"的降温大招，它们才是更靠谱的选择。

1. For the best chance of doing sth."为了最大限度地做成某事"，句首状语，为主句动作定目标。chance 这里不是"机会"，是"可能性"。

例：For the best chance of success, start early.

2. 动名词作介词宾语of keeping 中的 keeping 告诉我们：介词后面一律接 doing。这类结构在完形和语填中考得极多。

3. keep + 宾语 + 形容词keep Earth liveable = 使地球保持宜居。keep 后可接 adj. / doing / done：keep the door open / keep waiting / keep the food locked。

4. liveable 的构词live + -able → "可居住的"。同族词：readable 可读的，drinkable 可饮用的，habitable 宜居的。

5. exactly 强调副词exactly 放在 how 引导的从句前，强调"确切地、一毫不差地"。位置提示：它修饰的是后面整个从句。

6. 宾语从句陈述语序how the microscopic creatures might be useful——how 后面直接跟主语，绝不倒装。这是 No.073 的 how much 从句之后，连续第二期出现这个考点，务必形成条件反射。

例：I wonder how he solved the problem.（不是 how did he solve）

7. might 表推测might be useful 语气比 may 更不确定："也许、没准"。科普文用 might 是严谨的表现——结论还没验证。

8. 并列结构中的承前省略useful and perhaps even preferable... 两个表语共用一个 might be。省略让句子紧凑，但读的时候要能"脑补"回来：and (they might) perhaps even (be) preferable to...

9. preferable to——不用 than 的比较preferable 本身含比较义（更可取），后面固定接 to：A is preferable to B。同理：superior to, senior to, junior to。接 than 就错了。

10. approach to doing sth.approach 表"方法"时后接 to + 动名词，to 是介词！同款陷阱还有：look forward to doing, be used to doing, devote... to doing。一句话记住：to 是介词还是不定式标志，看前面的词说了算。

仿写结构 ①（目的状语 + exactly how 从句 + 并列升级）

For the best chance of doing sth., sb. need to understand exactly how ... might be ..., and perhaps even preferable to ...

为了最大限度地……，某人需要确切弄明白……可能如何……，甚至比……更可取。

仿写结构 ②（取舍比较句）

... and perhaps even preferable to ...（A 也许甚至比 B 更可取）

适合议论放进阶观点：不否定 B，但委婉抬高 A，比 "A is better than B" 高级得多。

仿写例句

1. 环境保护For the best chance of keeping the city clean, students need to understand exactly how recycling might be effective, and perhaps even preferable to simply producing less rubbish.

2. 学习方法For the best chance of improving our grades, we need to understand exactly how regular review might be useful, and perhaps even preferable to staying up all night before exams.

3. 健康生活For the best chance of staying fit, teenagers need to understand exactly how daily exercise might be beneficial, and perhaps even preferable to extreme diets.

4. 农业科技For the best chance of protecting crops, farmers need to understand exactly how natural enemies of pests might be helpful, and perhaps even preferable to chemical pesticides.

5. 心理调适For the best chance of reducing stress, students need to understand exactly how talking with friends might be comforting, and perhaps even preferable to keeping worries to themselves.

💡 应试升级句

For the best chance of keeping Earth liveable, scientists need to understand exactly how the microscopic creatures might be useful, and perhaps even preferable to the more sci-fi approaches to cooling off the world — for the smartest solution is not always the loudest one.

想让地球最大限度地保持宜居，科学家需要确切弄明白这些微小生物可能在哪些方面派上用场——甚至它们也许比科幻式的降温方案更可取；因为最聪明的办法，未必是最声势浩大的那个。

今天我们拆解了一个"方案比较"科普句，为地球工程三部曲收官，核心收获：

✅ For the best chance of doing sth. 句首定目标，chance = 可能性；

✅ of keeping / to cooling 两个介词后面都是动名词——介词后接 doing，铁律；

✅ how 引导的宾语从句用陈述语序，连续两期出现，高频考点；

✅ preferable to 固定搭配，比较级不用 than，和 superior to 一家子；

✅ and perhaps even preferable 承前省略 might be——省略结构要能"脑补"回去，才算真正读懂。

🌟 收藏这个句型

For the best chance of doing sth., sb. need to understand exactly how ... might be ..., and perhaps even preferable to ...

适用话题：环境保护、气候应对、科技与自然、方案比较、健康生活、学习方法