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小学英语语法100期G90 · 定语从句(上)— 关系代词 who/which/that
发布时间：2026-10-05 09:26:19 最近访问：2026-10-05 09:26:20
小学英语语法100期G90 · 定语从句(上)— 关系代词 who/which/that
| 小学英语语法100期G90 · 定语从句（上）— 关系代词 who/which/that |
| 本期目标1. 理解什么是定语从句（一个句子给一个名词当定语）2. 掌握先行词和关系代词的概念3. 学会用 who（指人）、which（指物）、that（指人或物）4. 掌握关系代词作主语和宾语时的区别 |
| 定语从句就是一个句子给一个名词当定语（修饰/限定这个名词）。对比理解：定语是词/短语：I like the beautiful girl.（美丽的女孩）定语从句：I like the girl who is wearing a red dress.（穿着红裙子的那个女孩）当"美丽的"不足以描述时，我们用一整个句子来修饰，这就是定语从句。 |
| 来看这个句子：I like the girl who is reading. |
| 概念 | 是什么 | 在例句中 | 解释 |
| 先行词 | 被修饰的名词 | the girl | 定语从句修饰的对象，"走在前面的词" |
| 关系代词 | 引导从句的词 | who | 代替先行词，同时连接主句和从句 |
| 定语从句 | 修饰部分 | who is reading | 跟在先行词后面，对它进行描述 |
| 三、三大关系代词：who / which / that |
| 关系代词 | 指什么 | 可作什么成分 | 例句 |
| who | 人 | 主语 / 宾语 | The boy who is singing is Tom.（主语）He is the man who I met yesterday.（宾语） |
| which | 物 / 动物 | 主语 / 宾语 | The book which is on the desk is mine.（主语）This is the pen which I bought.（宾语） |
| that | 人 / 物 | 主语 / 宾语 | The girl that is dancing is my sister.（指人）I like the food that she cooks.（指物） |
| that 是万能选手！that 既可以指人，也可以指物。在口语和非正式场合，that 经常可以替代 who 和 which。The girl that/who is singing. ← 都正确The book that/which is on the desk. ← 都正确 |
情况一：关系代词作主语（从句有独立的主谓宾）结构：先行词 + 关系代词 +谓语+ ...The boywhositsthere is my brother.（who 作从句主语，后面直接跟谓语）情况二：关系代词作宾语（从句另有主语）结构：先行词 + 关系代词 +主语+ 谓语 + ...The boywhoImet yesterday is my brother.（who 作从句宾语，从句另有主语 I）作宾语时，关系代词可以省略！The boywho I met yesterday is my brother.（口语中省略 who） |
| 功能 | 可否省略 | 判断方法 | 例句 |
| 作主语 | 不可省略 | 关系代词后直接是动词 | The girl who is reading... |
| 作宾语 | 可以省略 | 关系代词后是另一个主语 | The girl (who) I met... |
| 情况 | 例句 | 说明 |
| 先行词有最高级 | This is the best movie that I've seen. | 有最高级，用 that |
| 先行词有序数词 | He is the first boy that came. | 有序数词，用 that |
| 既有人又有物 | I like the man and his dog that are walking. | who 不能指物，which 不能指人，只能用 that 统一 |
| 不定代词作先行词 | Is there anything that I can do? | something/nothing/all 等后面用 that |
| 定语从句关系代词口诀who指人which指物，that万能两边通，作主不可省，作宾可省略，最高/序数/人物混合/不定代，这四情况 that 来带！ |
| 第一关：选择 who / which / that（5题） |
| 题号 | 题目 | 选项 |
| 1 | The man _______ is standing there is my uncle. | A. whichB. whoC. what |
| 2 | This is the book _______ I borrowed from the library. | A. whoB. whichC. what |
| 3 | She is the best teacher _______ I have ever known. | A. whichB. thatC. what |
| 4 | The dog _______ is running over there is very cute. | A. whoB. whichC. what |
| 5 | I like the girl _______ has long hair. | A. whichB. whoC. what |
| 题号 | 句子 | who/which/that 可以省略吗？ |
| 6 | The book that is on the table is mine. | _________ |
| 7 | The movie that we watched yesterday was great. | _________ |
| 8 | The girl who sings well is my friend. | _________ |
| 9 | The man who you met is a doctor. | _________ |
| 10 | I found the pen which I lost yesterday. | _________ |
| 用 who / which / that 将两个句子合并成一个。11. I know a girl. She can speak three languages.12. This is a book. It is very interesting.13. He has a dog. The dog can do tricks.14. The woman is my teacher. You met her yesterday.15. I like the song. My sister sings the song. |
| 第一关：选择1. B (who) — The man 是人，用 who。2. B (which) — book 是物，用 which。3. B (that) — 先行词有最高级 best，只能用 that。4. B (which) — dog 是动物/物，用 which（也可用 that）。5. B (who) — girl 是人，用 who。 |
| 第二关：能否省略6. 不能省略 — that 作从句主语（that + is...），关系代词作主语不可省略。7. 可以省略 — that 作从句宾语（we + watched + that），从句另有主语 we，可省。8. 不能省略 — who 作从句主语（who + sings），不可省略。9. 可以省略 — who 作从句宾语（you + met + who），从句另有主语 you，可省。10. 可以省略 — which 作从句宾语（I + lost + which），从句另有主语 I，可省。 |
| 第三关：合并句子11. I know a girl who can speak three languages.（who 代替 she）12. This is a book which/that is very interesting.（which 代替 it）13. He has a dog which/that can do tricks.（which/that 代替 the dog）14. The woman who/that you met yesterday is my teacher.（who 代替 her，作宾语可省略）15. I like the song which/that my sister sings.（which 代替 the song，作宾语） |
| 本期核心总结定语从句三要素：先行词 + 关系代词 + 从句who 指人 / which 指物 / that 万能作主语不可省 / 作宾语可省略下期预告：G91 定语从句（下）关系副词与限定/非限定 |
| 小学英语语法100期 · G90 · 定语从句（上）| 从句系列 |