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高考复习资料 把“全倒装”倒进你的高考写作里

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全倒装属于高考英语高级句式,读后续写用它打造亮眼句,提升文采加分。
梳理全倒装五大类型,完成语法到写作的知识迁移。配套习题,体会句式在读后续写场景中的实际应用。

完全倒装


完全倒装(Full Inversion)高考复习资料
定义:把句子全部谓语置于主语之前;
正常语序:主语 + 谓语;全倒装:谓语 + 主语
核心铁律:
1)主语为人称代词,一律不倒装;❌ Out rushed he. ✅ Out he rushed.
2)多用于一般现在 / 一般过去时;
3)表语前置倒装:一般只能是短语,单个形容词不前置倒装
❌ 错:Tired was he.(单个形容词,不可倒装)
4)主谓一致:倒装句谓语看后面真正的主语,不是看前面的状语 / 表语
Under the trees are two cats.(主语 two cats,用 are)
✅ 完全倒装 5 大类
类别 1:方位 / 动向副词置于句首
副词:here, there, up, down, in, out, away, off
副词 + 谓语 + 名词主语;代词主语不倒装
- Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。
- Here it comes. 它来了。(代词,不倒装)
- Away flew the swallow. 燕子飞走了。
类别 2:地点介词短语置于句首(地点状语前置)
介词短语 + 谓语 + 主语;谓语单复数跟后面的主语一致
- In front of the cottage grows a big tree. 小屋前长着一棵大树。
- At the foot of the mountain lies a village. 山脚下坐落着一个村庄。
类别 3:now /then 置于句首(叙事,表 “就在这时,紧接着”)
Then / Now + 谓语 + 名词主语
- Then came the moment we had waited for. 我们等待的那一刻终于来了。
补充:now/then 倒装多用于故事叙事(读后续写),主语代词不倒装。
类别 4:表语前置型全倒装(主系表倒装,高考读后续写高频)
原句结构:主语 + be (系动词) + 表语
倒装:表语短语 + 系动词 + 主语
⚠️硬性限制:必须是短语;单独一个形容词 /doing/done 单词,不能这样倒装
1. 过去分词短语作前置表语
Hidden in the thick bushes was a tiny cave. 藏在茂密灌木丛里的是一个小洞。
Seated beside the window was an old lady. 坐在窗边的是一位老妇人。
2. 现在分词短语作前置表语
Standing on the cliff was a young traveler. 站在悬崖上的是一位年轻旅人。
Lying on the sand was a broken box. 躺在沙滩上的是一个破损的盒子。
3. 形容词短语作前置表语
Present at the ceremony were several famous writers. 出席典礼的是几位知名作家。
类别 5:存在类句型 there + 静态动词(归全倒装)
there be / there lie / there stand / there exist / there live
- There stands an ancient tower on the hill. 山上矗立着一座古塔。
- There lived a fisherman by the sea. 海边住着一位渔夫。
注意:这里的 there 不是地点副词,是引导词,不能理解成 “那里”
⚖️ 全倒装 VS 部分倒装(清晰划界,防止混淆)
- 全倒装:整个谓语提前
Lying on the bank was a little girl. 谓语 was 整坨前置
- 部分倒装:只提前助动词 / 情态动词,实义动词留在主语后
Seldom does she go out at night. 助动词 does 提前,实义 go 在主语后
✍️ 课堂配套小题
请把下列正常句子改写为倒装句:
1.Our bus comes there.
2.Some ancient coins were hidden in the cave.
3.The moment of parting arrived then.
4.A guard in uniform was standing at the gate.
5.The old traditions are gone.
用倒装句翻译:
1. 埋在石块下的是一个小小的木盒子。
2. 坐在小溪边的是一位长发女孩。
3. 我们彼此倾诉所有秘密的日子一去不复返。
4. 远处传来一阵微弱的呼救声。(there;faint)
5.展现在我们眼前的是令人惊叹的景色。(present)
6.我们前方有着光明的未来。
7.掩藏在他笑容背后的是深深的不安。
【参考答案】
1.There comes our bus.
2.Hidden in the cave were some ancient coins.
3.Then arrived the moment of parting.
4.Standing at the gate was a guard in uniform.
5.Gone are the old traditions.
翻译
1. Buried under the stones was a small wooden box. 埋在石块下的是一个小小的金属盒子。
2. Sitting by the stream was a girl with long hair. 坐在小溪边的是一位长发女孩。
3. Gone are the days when we shared every secret with each other.我们彼此倾诉所有秘密的日子一去不复返。
4.There came a faint cry for help in the distance.远处传来一阵微弱的呼救声。
5.Present before us was a breathtaking view.展现在我们眼前的是令人惊叹的景色。
6.There lies a bright future ahead of us.我们前方有着光明的未来。
7.Hidden behind his smile was great anxiety.掩藏在他笑容背后的是深深的不安。
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