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2018 年辽宁铁岭中考英语真题解析
Ⅲ.完形填空（共10分，每空1分）
根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
A young couple bought a big house from two old sisters. The sisters lived there for 30 years. The house was
very nice and the couple bought it at a low ____1____. So the couple was very ____2____.
However, winter was not far away at that time. The couple was a little bit worried about how ____3____
would keep the old house warm. The house didn’t have any fireplaces or heaters (供暖设备).
At first, they planned to buy some heaters for the long cold winter. But soon, they thought that ____4____ the
old sisters could stay warm and comfortable in the old house during the winter in the past, so could they. At last,
they just ____5____ to wait for winter to come and did not make any preparations.
Winter arrived and temperatures soon dropped ____6____ zero. The large house became freezing cold. Frost
(霜) covered the insides of its walls. Life inside the house became miserable (痛苦的).
Finally, the husband couldn’t stand it ____7____ and called the old sisters to ask them how they ____8____ to
keep the house warm during the winter.
____9____ speaking to them on the phone, the husband spoke to his wife, “For the last 30 years, the sisters
have spent every winter on ____10____ in Thailand.”
“Oh, my god!” cried his wife.
1. A. price B. voice C. noise D. degree
2. A. relaxed B. excited C. serious D. upset
3. A. she B. they C. it D. he
4. A. though B. unless C. if D. while
5. A. refused B. decided C. afforded D. hated
6. A. over B. above C. below D. behind
7. A. politely B. anywhere C. anymore D. luckily
8. A. managed B. wanted C. offered D. planned
9. A. Before B. After C. Without D. For
10. A. land B. bed C. grass D. vacation
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一对夫妻从一对老姐妹手中买了一套大房子。房子里没有暖气，夫妻
本以为老姐妹在这里住了30年冬天应该不太冷。但是到了冬天，气温急剧下降，屋内特别寒冷，夫妻俩难以忍受。于是打电话给老姐妹问问她们如何度过这寒冷的冬天，没想到，每到冬天姐妹俩就去泰国度假了！
【1题详解】
句意：房子很漂亮，那对夫妇以很低的价格买下了它。
price价格；voice嗓音；noise噪音；degree程度。根据“A young couple bought a big house from two old
sisters.”可知，夫妻俩低价购买了这套房子，at a low price以低价，故选A。
【2题详解】
句意：所以这对夫妇非常激动。
relaxed放松的；excited激动的；serious严肃的；upset沮丧的。从前文意思可推测出，夫妻俩买的房子又
好，价格又低，所以心情肯定是愉快的，excited符合语境。故选B 。
【3题详解】
句意：这对夫妇有点担心如何让老房子保持温暖。
she她；they他们；it它；he他。根据下文中的“At first, they planned to buy some heaters for the long cold
winter.”可知，这夫妻俩有点担心“他们”冬天如何取暖。故选B。
【4题详解】
句意：但是很快，他们想到，如果过去姐姐们可以在老房子里温暖舒适地度过冬天，那么他们也可以。
though虽然；unless除非；if如果；while当……时。“the old sisters could stay warm and comfortable in the
old house during the winter in the past”是条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。
【5题详解】
句意：最后，他们只是决定等待冬天的到来，没有做任何准备。
refused拒绝；decided决定；afforded负担得起；hated讨厌。“…to wait for winter to come”是他们的决定，
故选B。
【6题详解】
句意：冬天到了，气温很快降到了零度以下。
over在……上；above在……上；below在……下；behind在……后面。根据“The large house became
freezing cold.”可推知，温度很快跌至了零度以下，below符合语境。故选C。
【7题详解】
句意：最后，丈夫实在受不了了，打电话给两个姐姐，问她们冬天是怎么让房子保持温暖的。
politely礼貌地；anywhere任何地方；anymore不再；luckily幸运地。not…anymore不再，固定搭配。故选
C。
【8题详解】
句意：最后，丈夫实在受不了了，打电话给两个姐姐，问她们冬天是怎么让房子保持温暖的。
managed设法成功；wanted想要；offered提供；planned计划。分析“how they…to keep the house warmduring the winter”可知，此处是manage to do sth设法成功做某事，故选A。
【9题详解】
句意：在和她们通完电话后，丈夫对妻子说：“过去30年，两姐妹每年冬天都去泰国度假。”
Before在……之前；After在……之后；Without没有；For为了。根据下文“For the last 30 years, the sisters
have spent every winter on…in Thailand.”可知，这是在和两姐妹通过电话之后所说的话。故选B。
【10题详解】
句意：在和她们通完电话后，丈夫对妻子说：“过去30年，两姐妹每年冬天都去泰国度假。”
land陆地；bed床；grass草地；vacation假期。 on vacation度假，固定短语，故选D。
Ⅳ.阅读理解（共20分，每小题1分）
根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个正确答案。
Passage 1
I'm Jenny. I was moved by a story last summer. When I went to a friend's house as a guest，I found a wooden sign
hung on the door. It reads，“Before entering，please put down your trouble. When returning，bring back your
happiness. ”
After entering the house，I saw the wife and the husband were both harmonious(和睦的)，two children were
friendly and polite and warmth filled the house.
I naturally asked them about the wooden sign. The wife looked at the husband with a smile，“You tell the story. ”
The husband then looked back at the wife，“You say because it was your creativity. ”
Finally，the wife said softly and slowly，“Once when I got home，I was surprised to see a sleepy and tired face
in the elevator(电梯)mirror，with the worried eyes. So I thought when my children and husband faced this worried
face，what would they feel? If I also faced such a face，what would I feel? Then I could imagine my children's
silence and my husband's indifference(冷淡)at the dinner table. The next day，I wrote a wooden sign and hung it
on the door to remind myself. As a result，the sign reminded myself and the whole family. Something surprising
happened in this way. Not only our family but also the guests to our house always become happy. ”
11. The writer found a wooden sign ________.
A. on the door of her own house
B. on the door of her friend's house
C. on the wall of her friend's house
D. on the wall of her friend's office
12. It's ________idea to hang the wooden sign.
A. the wife's B. the husband's C. the family's D. the guests'
13. The words on the wooden sign mean that everyone should have a ________face before entering the house.A. worried B. tired C. happy D. sleepy
14. “Something surprising” in the last paragraph means ________.
A. the children usually kept silent at home
B. the wife returned home with a worried face
C. the husband was indifferent at the dinner table
D. the guests to their house also become happy
15. The best title for the passage is “ ________”.
A. Bring happiness back home
B. Learn to cook food for the family
C. Hang a wooden sign on the door
D. Help family members in trouble
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了，作者去朋友家做客的时候看到门上挂着一个牌子，从中体会到了面带喜悦
回家会使自己及周围的人更幸福
【11题详解】
细节理解题。从第一段中When I went to a friend's house as a guest，I found a wooden sign hung on the door.
可知，木牌是挂在朋友家的门上的。故选B。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。从第三段中You say because it was your creativity. 可知，丈夫让妻子说，因为这是妻子的创意。
故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。从第四段可知，妻子看到下班后镜子里的脸，一副无神、担忧的样子，意识到别人看到这样
的表情心里肯定会不舒服。因此她挂了个木牌希望提醒自己保持愉快的表情。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。从句子Not only our family but also the guests to our house always become happy. 可看出，令人
惊奇的事情是“来的客人也变得开心起来”。故选D。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。阅读本文知，文章主要围绕一块木牌来讲述了面带喜悦回家会使自己及周围的人更幸福。因
此A选项更合适。故选A。
【点睛】我们在做阅读理解题时，就要明确初中阅读理解考查的主要内容,在此基础上,快速阅读全文,了解
文章大意;在了解文章的基础上,抓住首尾句;认真仔细、逐步答题;平心静气,不急躁,仔细检查,减少误差。严格说来,阅读理解主要要求是:1.掌握阅读主旨大意,用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节;2.既理解具体事实,也理
解抽象的概念;3.既理解字面意思,也理解深层含义,包括作者的态度以及意图等。
Passage 2
One morning, my dad asked me to drive him to a faraway village and pick him up at 4 pm. I parked our car at
a nearby garage (修车厂). Because of several hours’ waiting time, I went to a theater. However, when the last
movie finished, it was already six.
I guessed Dad would be really angry if he found out that I was late because I was watchinga movie. So I
decided not to tell him the truth. When I picked him up, I apologized for being late, and told him the car had some
major (严重的) repairs. I’ll never forget the look he gave me. “I’m disappointed that you feel you have to lie to me,
Jason.”Dad looked at me again. “When you didn’t appear, I called the garage to ask if there were any problems.
They told me you hadn’t been there.” I felt ashamed（差愧的）as1 told him the real reason. After he listened to
me, Dad said, “I realize I’ve failed as a father. I’m going to walk home now and think about where I’ve gone wrong
all these years to make you lie to me.”
“But Dad, it’s 18 miles!” My apologies were useless. Dad walked home that day. Seeing Dad in so much pain
was an unforgettable experience. However, it also taught me an important lesson. Since that time, I have never lied
to anyone.
16. During the several hours’ waiting time, the writer went to ________.
A. a theater B. a restaurant C. a museum D. a shop
17. The father knew his son told a lie by ________.
A. guessing the result B. telephoning the garage
C. asking the theater D. asking his son directly
18. His father felt ________ first when he heard his son’s lie.
A. surprised B. disappointed C. afraid D. foolish
19. The underlined word “apologized” means ________.
A. cried out B. explained the reason
C. said sorry D. did something nice
20. Which of the following is Right according to the passage?
A. The writer didn’t like to pick up his father.
B. The writer had a big fight with his father.
C. The writer never told a lie after the lesson.
D. The writer didn’t care about Dad’s feelings.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. C【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者送父亲去一个较远的地方，并答应4点来接他。作者中途去看了场电影，
结束时已经6点了。为了逃过父亲的责备，作者撒了谎，但很快被父亲识破。父亲为此非常失望，并决定
自己步行回家。作者深深知道自己错了，从此再也没有撒过谎。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Because of several hours’ waiting time, I went to a theater.”可知，作者去了“一个影
院”。故选A。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When you didn’t appear, I called the garage to ask if there were any problems.”可知，父亲
是通过给修理厂打电话知道作者撒谎的。故选B。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。由“I’ m disappointed that you feel you have to lie to me, Jason.”可知，父亲是失望的。故选
B。
【19题详解】
词义猜测题。从上文可知，作者看电影耽误了时间，没能准时接父亲，所以他赶到接上父亲时，应该是跟
他道歉了。因此apologized是“道歉”的意思，与said sorry近义。故选C。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。从文中可知，作者并不是不想接父亲，只是去看电影错过时间了；作者也没有和父亲吵架，
只是父亲很失望的说了几句话，作者感到非常难受。因此C项最合适。故选C。
Passage 3
Now over the years, real Chinese snacks have become more popular in foreign countries.
,
In the United States people are eating roujiamo. Many people call roujiamo from Shanxi Province of China
the “Chinese hamburger”. It has two pieces of bread with delicious meat between them. The US news blog (博客)
even regards roujiamo as “the world’s first hamburger”. It is very similar to an American hamburger. In fact, it
has a long history in China.
In Russia, hundreds of tanghulu were sold in just a few hours. Tanghulu is a traditional Chinese snack that is
made of fruit, usually Chinese hawthorns(山楂). It is a bit like candy apples in the US. They are the hawthorns with
sugar candy. A stick is pushed into the fruit so you can hold it like a lollipop(棒棒糖). Some Chinese people think
tanghulu has the same shape as a bottle gourd(葫芦). That’s why it has this name. Of course, the new kind made of
other fresh fruit such as strawberries and oranges has also appeared in China now.
Youtiao is like a popular snack in Spain. Some people outside China eat youtiao as well. For example, people
in Malaysia eat it. They often eat it with milk tea or noodles. In Indonesia, they eat it with porridge instead ofdoujiang in China.
21. The US news blog regards roujiamo as__________.
A. the Chinese hamburger B. the world’s first hamburger
C. the American hamburger D. the bread with some meat
22. Tanghulu was named in the shape of________
A. gourds B. lollipops C. hawthorns D. candy apples
23. In Indonesia, people like youtiao with ______ better than doujiang in China.
A. milk tea B. noodles C. coffee D. porridge
24. According to the passage, which of the following is Right?
A. Tanghulu always sells well in American.
B. Roujiamo is one famous snack from Shanxi.
C. Tanghulu is only made of hawthorns in China.
D. There isn’t a kind of snack like youtiao in Spain.
25. The passage mainly tells us the _______ of Chinese snacks in foreign countries.
A. production B. inventions C. popularity D. histories
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述了中国特有的小吃，肉夹馍，糖葫芦等，现在在全世界各地都非常的受欢迎。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。题意：美国新闻博客认为肉夹馍是…。A. the Chinese hamburger中国汉堡；B. the world’s first
hamburger世界上第一个汉堡；C. the American hamburger美国的汉堡；D. the bread with some meat带肉的
面包。根据文章内容The US news blog (博客) even regards roujiamo as “the world’s first hamburger”. 可知，认
为它是世界上第一个汉堡，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。题意：糖葫芦以…的形状命名。A. gourds葫芦；B. lollipops棒棒糖；C. hawthorns山楂；D.
candy apples 糖苹果。根据文章内容 Some Chinese people think tanghulu has the same shape as a bottle
gourd(葫芦).有些中国人认为糖葫芦和葫芦的形状是一样的，这就是为什么它有这个名字；可知，是以葫芦
的形状命名的，故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。题意：在印度尼西亚，人们喜欢就着…吃油条，而不是中国的豆浆。A. milk tea奶茶；B.
noodles面条； C. coffee咖啡；D. porridge粥。根据文章内容In Indonesia, they eat it with porridge instead of
doujiang in China. 他们和粥一起吃；可知，是粥，故选D。【24题详解】
细节理解题。题意：根据短文，下列哪个选项是正确的? A. Tanghulu always sells well in American. 糖葫芦在
美国销路很好。根据文章内容In Russia, hundreds of tanghulu were sold in just a few hours. 在俄罗斯，短短几
个小时内就卖出了数百个糖葫芦；可知糖葫芦是在俄罗斯销量很好，而不是美国，故 A项错误。B.
Roujiamo is one famous snack from Shanxi. 肉夹馍是山西著名的小吃。根据文章内容 Many people call
roujiamo from Shanxi Province of China the “Chinese hamburger”. 许多人把来自中国山西的肉夹馍称为“中国
的汉堡”；可知，肉夹馍是山西的，很出名。故B项正确。C. Tanghulu is only made of hawthorns in China.
中国糖葫芦只由山楂制成。根据文章内容They are the hawthorns with sugar candy. 它们是带糖的山楂；可知，
不只是有山楂，还有糖，故C项错误。D. There isn’t a kind of snack like youtiao in Spain. 在西班牙没有像油
条这样的小吃。根据文章内容Youtiao is like a popular snack in Spain. 油条在西班牙很受欢迎；可知，西班
牙有油条，故D项错误。故选B。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。题意：这篇文章主要告诉我们中国小吃的…在国外。A. production产品；B. inventions发明；
C. popularity受欢迎；D. histories历史。根据文章内容可知，主要讲述了，中国小吃在国外是受欢迎的，故
选C。
【点睛】本篇文章主要考察细节理解题，在做细节理解题的时候，需要读懂题目内容，然后带着题目内容
回文章定位，一旦定位准确，将选项内容与文章内容进行比对，符合原文即为正确选项。
Passage 4
What is the hardest sport in the world? Some people say it’s boxing (拳击), because boxing is dangerous and
boxers have to be strong and fast. Other people say the hardest sport is soccer.
However, most people say the hardest sport is the triathlon (三项全能运动). A triathlon is a race that includes
three sports. First, racers swim. After that they ride bicycles and finally they run. In the most common triathlon,
racers swim 1.5 kilometers, bike 40 kilometers, and run 10 kilometers. The winner is the person who finishes the
race first.
There is another kind of triathlon, too. It is called the “Ironman Triathlon (铁人三项)”. This triathlon is much
longer. People who finish this triathlon are called “ironmen” and “ironwomen”. This is because these people are so
strong that their bodies are just like iron (铁).
In the past few years, there have been other races including three sports. However, they didn’t use the word“triathlon”. That word was first used to describe a race in California in 1974.
Triathlon racers have to train very hard for their races. Many of them swim and run. A lot of people also do
things like yoga (瑜伽). They have many different ways to prepare, but they all have the same goal. They want to
be in perfect shape.
To be an ironman or an ironwoman, you have to be strong and smart. You should know how to save energy
during the race.
26. According to the passage, most people say that the hardest sport is ________.
A. boxing B. soccer C. basketball D. triathlon
27. The triathlon includes three sports, racers have to ________.
A. box, swim and run B. swim, ride bicycles and run
C. swim, jump and box D. ride bicycles, swim and box
.
28 The sports players in the most common triathlon have to ride bicycles ________.
A. 1.5 kilometers B. 40 kilometers
C. 10 kilometers D. 51.5 kilometers
29. We call people who finish this triathlon “ironmen” and “ironwomen” because ________.
A. they like riding iron bikes B. they like making iron
C. they are as strong as iron D. they can get a piece of iron
30. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. what the triathlon is B. why the triathlon is popular
C. when the triathlon started D. how the triathlon racers train
【答案】26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最艰苦的运动——三项全能运动。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“However, most people say the hardest sport is the triathlon (三项全能运动).”可知，大多
数人说最艰难的运动是三项全能运动，故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“First, racers swim. After that they ride bicycles and finally they run.”可知，三项全能包括
三项运动，选手必须游泳、骑自行车和跑步。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In the most common triathlon, racers swim 1.5 kilometers, bike 40 kilometers, and run 10
kilometers.”可知，最常见的三项全能运动员必须骑自行车40公里。故选B。【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This is because these people are so strong that their bodies are just like iron (铁).”可知，这
是因为这些人是如此强壮，他们的身体就像铁一样。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“However, most people say the hardest sport is the triathlon (三项全能运动).”结合文章内
容，可知全文主要篇幅侧重讲三项全能运动是什么、包含什么，因此A选项最合适，故选A。
第二部分 非选择题 （共70分）
Ⅴ.补全对话（共5分，每空1分）
在下面对话的空白处填入适当的话语（话语可以是句子、短语或词），使对话完整。
在下面对话的空白处填入适当的话语（话语可以是句子、短语或词），使对话完整。
A: Hi, Li Ming!
B: Hi, Wang Dong!
A: I hear that we are going to have a class meeting. _______31_______?
B: Tomorrow. Our teacher asked me to host (主持) the class meeting.
A: I think you can do it. _______32_______?
B: It’s about safety. We know safety is important to every student.
A: _______33_______?
B: We are going to watch a video about safety first, then have a discussion.
A: Why not ask a policeman to teach us how to avoid accidents?
B: _______34_______.It may help a lot. Thank you.
A: _______35_______.
【答案】31. When will it be?
32. What is it about?
33. What will we do at the meeting?
34. That’s a good idea.
35. You are welcome.
【解析】
【分析】这是一组讨论班会内容的一组对话。
【31题详解】
根据I hear that we are going to have a class meeting.和Tomorrow.可知问它是什么时候；故填When will it be?
【32题详解】
根据It’s about safety.可知问它是关于哪方面的；故填What is it about?
【33题详解】根据We are going to watch a video about safety first, then have a discussion.可知问在会上我们将要做什么；故
填What will we do at the meeting?
【34题详解】
根据Why not ask a policeman to teach us how to avoid accidents?和It may help a lot.可知说那是一个好主意；
故填That’s a good idea。
【35题详解】
根据Thank you.可知回答不客气；故填You are welcome。
Ⅵ.句子翻译（共15分）
（A）根据所给中文完成句子翻译。（共11分。局部翻译，每小题1分；整句翻译，每小题
2分）
36. 中国人为我们自己的高铁而感到自豪。
Chinese people _______________________our own high-speed trains.
【答案】are proud of ##take pride in
【解析】
【详解】be proud of =take pride in意为“为……骄傲”；句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Chinese
people是复数名词，be动词形式用are；take用原形；故填are proud of /take pride in。
37. 我不生海伦的气了，毕竟我们是好朋友。
I’m not angry with Helen. We are good friends, ________.
【答案】after all
【解析】
【详解】毕竟after all，固定短语，故填after all。
38. 当刘涛走进房间的时候，他哥哥正在看世界杯足球赛。
When Liu Tao entered the room, his brother ________ the World Cup football game.
【答案】was watching
【解析】
【详解】根据句意，此处用进行时表示，根据“entered”可知，是过去进行时，故填was watching。
39. 吉姆过去常常和朋友们在周末打篮球。
Jim ________ play basketball with friends on weekends.
【答案】used to
【解析】
【详解】过去常常做某事used to do sth，故填used to。
40. 在2016年，霍金被邀请在北京一个重要的会议上讲话。
In 2016, Hawking ________ to speak at an important meeting in Beijing.【答案】was invited
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】分析句子结构，Hawking（霍金）是主语，这里缺乏谓语“被邀请”；因为2016年已经过去了，
因此句子时态用一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，霍金是被邀请参加会议的，所以谓语动词要用被动形
式：be+动词的过去分词；Hawking（霍金）是第三人称单数，be动词要用was，邀请“invite”的过去分词
是invited；故填was invited。
41. 直到他露面我才离开。
________________.
【答案】I didn’t leave until he showed up.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】根据汉语句意，可知句子时态用一般过去时，not…until…“直到……才”，固定短语；“离
开”leave，实义动词，主语是I，否定句需要借助于助动词did，与not缩写为didn’t，后面的动词用原形；
“露面”show up，show的过去式为showed；故填I didn’t leave until he showed up.
42. 熬夜对我们的健康没好处。
________________
【答案】It is not good for our health to stay up late.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】熬夜：stay up late；对……有好处：be good for；我们的健康：our health。结合语境可知，此题为
一般现在时，此处用It作形式主语，因此be动词用is。故填It is not good for our health to stay up late.
43. 这本字典你已经买多久了？
________________?
【答案】How long have you had this dictionary
【解析】
【详解】这本字典this dictionary，买buy，多久how long；根据句意，此处是现在完成时，短暂性动词buy
改为延续性have had；本句是特殊疑问句，疑问词放句首，助动词 have放到主语前。故填How long have
you had this dictionary。
（B）英译汉（共4分，每小题2分）
阅读下面的短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
Among all of china’s traditional poems, Thoughts on a Tranquil night (《静夜思》) might be the mostliked. It appears in traditional books including Three Hundred Tang Poems,1. It is also a must-read poem in
Chinese textbooks. Today most Chinese children can recite (背诵) it at an early age.
2. In this short poem, there are not many words that are difficult to understand. With only 20 words, Li Bai
was able to vividly (形象地) describe the feeling of being homesick after seeing a bright moon. The poem
expresses his strong feeling in clear and simple language.
44. ________________
45. ________________
【答案】44. 在中国的教材中它也是一首必读诗。/它在中国的教材中也是一首必读诗。
45. 在这首短诗中，没有许多难懂的词汇。
【解析】
【分析】本文简述了《静夜思》的中心大意以及其在中国诗歌中的地位。
【44题详解】
分析句子可知，本句是简单的主谓宾结构，基本可按英文顺序进行翻译，句末的状语“in Chinese
textbooks”翻译时可放在句首也可放在句中。It is翻译为“它是”；also翻译为“也”；a must-read poem
翻译为“必读诗”；in Chinese textbooks翻译为“在中国的教材中”。故填“在中国的教材中它也是一首
必读诗。/它在中国的教材中也是一首必读诗。”
【45题详解】
分析句子可知，本句中“that are difficult to understand”为定语从句，翻译为“难懂”，修饰先行词
“words”，合起来表示“难懂的词汇”的意思。In this short poem 翻译为“在这首短诗中”；there
are“有”；not many“没有许多”。故填“在这首短诗中，没有许多难懂的词汇。”
Ⅶ. 完形填空（共10分，每空1分）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。（每个词只能用一次，有两个多余
词）
carry be direction later one something along sell by another century other
Why is “buy things” in Chinese spoken as maidongxi (buy east and west), but not mainanbei (buy south and
north)?
One theory (假说) says maidongxi has ____46____ to do with the five elements (要素): jin (metal), mu
(wood), shui (water), huo (fire) and tu (earth). In Chinese culture, the four ____47____ have to do with these
elements. East matches wood, west matches metal, south matches fire, and north matches water.If someone carries nan (south) and bei (north) in a basket, it means to ____48____ water and fire, which is not
even possible. But if one puts dong (east) and xi (west) in one’s basket, of course they can carry metal and wood.
There are also more common explanations.
One says that in the Tang Dynasty (唐代),there ____49____ two popular markets in Chang’an, the capital of
China at that time. One was called the East Market, and the ____50____ was called the West Market. When
shopping, people usually went to the East Market ____51____, and then went to the West Market. As time went
____52____, people started to describe shopping as buying east and west.
The last theory is about China’s trading history. Around the 15th ____53____, China began trading with the
world, and most of its foreign goods (货物) happened to come from the east (Japan) and west (Abrabia). Markets
____54____ “things from the east and the west”. It was short for “east and west” _____55_____.
Which theory do you prefer?
【答案】46. something
47. directions
48. carry 49. were
50. other 51. first
52. by 53. century
54. sold 55. later
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了为什么“buy things”中文叫“买东西”而不是“买南北”。文中
列举了一些有关的假设，说明“买东西”的来由。
【46题详解】
句意：有一种假设认为买东西与五行“金、木、水、火、土”有关。与……有关：have something to do
with sth.，固定短语。故填something。
【47题详解】
句意：在中国文化中，四个方向都与这些元素有关。根据下句“East matches wood, west matches metal,
south matches fire, and north matches water.”可知，东南西北分别对应着木、火、金、水，因此本句应该是
提到了方向direction，又因为是四个方向，所以应用复数。故填directions。
【48题详解】
句意：如果有人用篮子装南和北，意思是想要装水和火，这是不可能的。根据前句“If someone carries nan
(south) and bei (north) in a basket,”可推知，应是意思是想要装水和火；想要做某事：mean to do sth.。故填
carry。
【49题详解】句意：有人说，在唐朝，当时中国的首都长安有两个很受欢迎的市场。句子是 there be句型；根据“in the
Tang Dynasty (唐代)”可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语“two popular markets”为复数，be动词用were。
故填were。
【
50题详解】
句意：一个叫做东方市场，另一个叫做西方市场。两者当中的另外一个：the other，固定用法。故填
other。
【51题详解】
句意：购物时，人们通常先去东方市场，然后再去西方市场。根据后句中“then”可知，空处应用one的
序数词first，第一、首先。故填first。
【52题详解】
句意：随着时间的推移，人们开始把购物描述为东西方购物。时间逝去：go by，固定短语。故by。
【53题详解】
句意：大约在15世纪，中国开始与世界进行贸易，它的大部分外国商品碰巧来自东方(日本)和西方(阿布拉
比亚)。15世纪：the 15th century。故填century。
【54题详解】
句意：市场出售“东西方的东西”。根据句子结构，空处是谓语动词；结合空前后句意，应是出售 sell；
这里表示在15世纪出售，用一般过去时，sell的过去式为sold。故填sold。
【55题详解】
句意：后来简称为“（买）东西”。由语境可知，是随着时间的推移，后来简称为“（买）东西”。故填
later。
Ⅷ.任务型阅读（共20分，每小题2分）
Passage 5
阅读下面短文，简略回答所提出的问题。
Lu Yu had an unusual life. He lived in the Tang Dynasty. As a homeless child, he lived in Longgai Temple (寺
庙) and studied there including boiling tea. Jingling Prefect (太守) Li Qiwu liked the smart boy when Lu Yu was
thirteen. He not only gave Lu Yu books as gifts but also introduced him to a famous teacher. Lu Yu learned from his
teacher until he was nineteen. He also made good friends with famous people. They often traveled, tasted tea andtalked about poems together.
At the age of twenty-one, Lu Yu started to study on different kinds of tea. He left Jingling and traveled around
the country to search for famous tea. To study on tea picking and tea making skills well, Lu Yu lived a long life of
reclusion (隐居) in Tiaoxi. After that, he lived in Miaoxi Temple, collecting, checking, studying and reading
documents (资料) about tea. Over years, he finally wrote the first book on the study of tea. That was the book Tea
Classic (《茶经》), which was also the first book in the world on tea studies. This book has over seven thousand
Chinese words, including the production place, the morphology (形态) and the growing environment of tea trees as
well as tea picking, tea drinking and tea production tools and methods.
Tea Classic has a great influence on Chinese tea culture. Lu Yu is still called Tea God today.
56. Who helped Lu Yu a lot at the age of thirteen?
57. When did Lu Yu start to study tea?
58. Did Lu Yu travel around the country to search for his teacher?
59. What kind of lifestyle did Lu Yu live in Tiaoxi?
60. How do you evaluate (评价) Tea Classic？
【答案】56. Jingling Prefect Li Qiwu did.
57. At the age of twenty one.
58. No, he didn’t.
59. Lu Yu lived a long life of reclusion in Tiaoxi.
60. Tea Classic was the first book in the world on tea studies. It has a great influence on Chinese tea culture.
【解析】
【分析】这篇短文介绍了Lu Yu一生从事茶的研究，最终完成了他的第一本，也是世界上第一本关于茶的
研究的书 ——《茶经》。
【56题详解】
根据第一段中的“Jingling Prefect (太守) Li Qiwu liked the smart boy when Lu Yu was thirteen. He not only gave
Lu Yu books as gifts but also introduced him to a famous teacher.”可知，在Lu Yu十三岁的时候，是景陵太守
Li Qiwu给了他很大的帮助。故填Jingling Prefect Li Qiwu did.
【57题详解】
根据第二段中的“At the age of twenty-one, Lu Yu started to study on different kinds of tea.”可知，Lu Yu在21
岁的时候，开始研究茶。故填At the age of twenty one.
【58题详解】
根据第二段中的“He left Jingling and traveled around the country to search for famous tea.”可知，他四处寻找
茶，而不是寻找老师。故填No, he didn’t.【59题详解】
根据第二段中的“To study on tea picking and tea making skills well, Lu Yu lived a long life of reclusion (隐居)
in Tiaoxi.”可知，为了更好地学习采茶和制茶技巧，Lu Yu在跳溪过着长期隐居的生活。故填Lu Yu lived a
long life of reclusion in Tiaoxi.
【
60题详解】
根据第二段中的“Over years, he finally wrote the first book on the study of tea. That was the book Tea Classic
(《茶经》), which was also the first book in the world on tea studies. This book has over seven thousand Chinese
words, including the production place, the morphology (形态) and the growing environment of tea trees as well as
tea picking, tea drinking and tea production tools and methods.”及最后一段“Tea Classic has a great influence
on Chinese tea culture. Lu Yu is still called Tea God today.”可知，《茶经》是世界上第一本关于茶的研究的
书，它对中国茶文化产生了巨大的影响。故填Tea Classic was the first book in the world on tea studies. It has a
great influence on Chinese tea culture.
Passage6
Do you know about WeChat, Sina weibo, Douyin and Kuaishou on social media(媒体)？ How do you behave
when you use these apps? Here are four popular online personality types(网络人格)。
Geeks（极客）
Geeks are active social media users, but they find it much more difficult to deal with the life in the real
world.Most of them are boys who like playing computer games and making music and videos. In fact, they should
avoid spending too much time on the Internet.
Internet celebrities（网红）
They might become well-known for their singing or dancing. But many of them, especially teenagers share
almost every side of their lives in order to own more fans. Being a teenager Internet celebrity can sometimes cause
problems on the real world.
Lurkers(潜伏者)
Most teenagers fall into the third type----”lurkers”, or people who are neither too active nor visible(看得见的).
They can’t express themselves well but at least they make sure to protect their personal information.
Victims(受害者)
Victim don’t have enough knowledge to keep themselves safe online. Their personal information can be made
public and cause problems for them. To avoid being a victim, you should check your personal settings on social
media. Don’t share your personal information.
The title:___61___★ The users are active on social media.
★ They feel difficult to ___62___ the life in the real world.
Geeks
★ They’re interested in playing computer games and making music videos.
★ They might be famous for ___63___
Internet celebrities
★ They like to share lives to have more fans.
.
★ The people are neither too active nor visible
Lurkers
★ They have difficulties in ___64___
★Victims can’t ___65___ online.
Victims
★They easily make their personal information public.
【答案】61. Popular Online Personality Types
62. deal with
63. singing or dancing
64. expressing themselves
65. protect themselves
【解析】
【分析】文章关于通过观察人们如何用网络上的社交媒体，介绍了四种流行的网络人格：极客、网红、潜
伏者和受害者。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。由句子Here are four popular online personality types(网络人格). 以下是四种流行的在线网络人
格。可知，本文的题目是：流行的在线网络人格。即：Popular Online Personality Types。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据Geeks are active social media users, but they find it much more difficult to deal with the life in
the real world. 极客是活跃的社交媒体用户，但他们发现在现实世界中处理生活更加困难。可知，他们觉得
很难面对现实生活。故答案为deal with。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。由句子They might become well-known for their singing or dancing. 他们可能会因唱歌或跳舞而
出名。故答案为singing or dancing。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据 They can’t express themselves well but at least they make sure to protect their personal
information. 他们不能很好地表达自己，但至少他们要确保保护他们的个人信息。可知，他们表达自己有困
难。have difficulties in中的in为介词，因此后面用动名词。故答案为expressing themselves。【65题详解】
细节理解题。根据Victims don’t have enough knowledge to keep themselves safe online. 受害者没有足够的知
识来保证自己在网上的安全。可知，受害者不能在网上保护自己。因此填：protect themselves。can’t是情
态动词，后跟动词原形。所以答案为：protect themselves。
Ⅸ.书面表达（共20分）
66. 根据要求完成小作文，词数：30词左右。
假如你是吴明，你想在你家举办读书晚会，邀请朋友们来参加。请每人自带喜欢的书籍，大家将一起
阅读并分享读书心得。时间定在7月2日晚6点。请你写出邀请函。
Dear friends,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear friends,
Do you like reading? I will have a reading party on July 2nd. I really expect you could come and join us. It
will begin at 6 pm. You can bring your favorite books here and share your thoughts with other readers. You must
enjoy it! Welcome to join us!
Wu Ming
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】1.题干解读：该题目是写一封邀请函。内容是以吴明的身份写一个邀请函，邀请朋友们来参加在
家举办的读书晚会。一起阅读并分享读书心得。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来写邀请函的内容；时态采用一般将来时为主。首先要提出本次邀请的
目的；其次介绍来时要带什么；最后介绍举办读书晚会的时间。
67. 根据要求完成大作文，词数：80~100。
习近平总书记在多次讲话中强调“新时代，呼唤英雄”。其实，英雄就在我们身边。这些“英雄”可能是
我们的亲人、同学、朋友、老师……请介绍一下你心中的“小人物，大英雄”。
提示：①你心中的英雄是谁。②记述你印象深刻的一件事。
③对你的影响。
要求：①语意连贯，层次清晰，书写清楚。
②文中不得出现真实的校名和人名。
③文章开头已开出，不计入总词数。
A Hero in My Heart
Everybody has a hero in his heart. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
A Hero in My Heart
Everybody has a hero in his heart. My hero is my mother, because she has been working hard all the time and
never gives up.
Once she would have a difficult exam. To pass it, she must read four books. But my mother did not have so
much time because she had to take care of me. One night, when I woke up suddenly at 2 o’clock, I found her
staying up late to read her books. I was shocked by my mother.
My mother always sets a goal and manages to finish it. She is a hero in my heart and encourages me to work
hard.
【解析】
【详解】这是一篇命题作文。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点、跑
题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达。写作中，应注意描述的全面性，尽量将提示的
内容利用上。此篇作文需要用一般过去时态进行叙述心目中英雄的事情，人称为第三人称。注意动词过去
式的形式要正确。语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯，可以使用大量的固定
句式和短语，适当使用连词，做到上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。
【点睛】这篇短文使用的主从复合句比较多，比如“when I woke up suddenly at 2 o'clock, I found her staying
up late to read her books”，按照动作发生的先后顺序，使得句子更加有层次感，文章避免单纯的重复，使
短文既通俗易懂又逻辑清楚。让我们对作者的母亲有了比较全面的了解，不失为一篇上等作文。
【高分案例一】My hero is my mother, because she has been working hard all the time and never gives up.（我的英雄是我的母亲，因为她一直努力工作，从不放弃。）because引导的原因状语从句引出我的英雄是我妈妈
的原因。【高分案例二】She is a hero in my heart and encourages me to work hard.（她是我心中的英雄，鼓
励我努力工作。）鼓励某人做某事的结构encourage sb. to do sth.用不定式结构使得句子结构更加清晰，表
达更加明了。
