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最新更新~初中高中考试真题/模拟 ~微信： vzan8899
南京市 2023 年初中学业水平考试
英语
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共8页。全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生
答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将
自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色景水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，
再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其
他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
上将该项涂黑。
1. Look at the picture. The lady is playing the ________.
A. drum B. violin C. guitar D. piano
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：看这幅画。这位女士正在弹钢琴。
考查名词辨析。drum鼓；violin小提琴；guitar吉他；piano钢琴。根据图片可知，这位女士正在弹钢琴。
故选D。
2. ________ May 30, 2023, China’s manned spaceship Shenzhou XV blasted off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch
Center.
A. At B. In C. On D. To
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：2023年5月30日，中国载人飞船神舟15号从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空。
考查介词辨析。At其后加时间点；In其后加早上、下午、晚上等；On其后加星期或具体的某天；To到。
“May 30, 2023”是具体的某天，用介词on。故选C。
3. —Today is Father’s Day. What are you going to do for your dad?
—I’ve made a card for ________, Mum.
A. her B. him C. his D. himself
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【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——今天是父亲节。你打算为你爸爸做什么？——妈妈，我为他做了一张卡片。
考查代词辨析。her她，宾格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他
自己，反身代词。根据“What are you going to do for your dad”可知，此处指为爸爸做了一张卡片，介词
for后应用宾格him，故选B。
4. How ________ Ricky is! He always comes up with new ideas.
A. modest B. patient C. generous D. creative
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：瑞奇多有创造力啊！他总能想出新主意。
考查形容词辨析。modest谦虚的；patient耐心的；generous慷慨的；creative有创造力的。根据“He always
comes up with new ideas.”可知，他总能想出新主意，所以是有创造力的。故选D。
5. Lucy is very good at painting. That’s why ________ is her favourite subject.
A. art B. music C. history D. maths
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：Lucy非常擅长绘画。这就是为什么美术是她最喜欢的科目。
考查名词辨析。art美术；music音乐；history历史；maths数学。根据“Lucy is very good at painting.”可知
擅长绘画，最喜欢美术，用“art”，故选A。
6. South Hill is ________ attractive in spring because of its beautiful natural landscapes.
A. loudly B. really C. hardly D. slowly
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：南山在春天确实吸引人，因为它有美丽的自然景观。
考查副词辨析。loudly大声地；really确实；hardly几乎不；slowly缓慢地。根据“South Hill is ... attractive
in spring because of its beautiful natural landscapes.”可知表示“非常吸引人”，用“really”表示强调，故选
B。
7. It’s important to keep learning about new ideas and technology ________ the world changes so fast.
A. so B. or C. since D. unless
【答案】C
【解析】
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【详解】句意：世界变化如此之快，不断学习新思想和新技术是很重要的。
考查连词辨析。so所以；or或者；since因为；unless除非。“the world changes so fast”是“It’s important to
keep learning about new ideas and technology”的原因，用since引导原因状语从句，故选C。
8. Before visiting a foreign country, you’d better ________ what the local people usually do, so you won’t make
mistakes.
A. check B. doubt C. plan D. show
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：在去国外旅游之前，你最好了解一下当地人通常是怎么做的，这样你就不会犯错误了。
考查动词辨析。check检查，核对；doubt怀疑；plan计划；show展示。根据“Before visiting a foreign
country, you’d better ... what the local people usually do”可知，在去国外旅游之前最好了解一下当地人通常是
怎么做的，故选A。
9. The citizens of Nanjing like to ________ tents in parks to enjoy the pleasant weather and feel the spring breath.
A. clean up B. put up C. look up D. give up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：南京市民喜欢在公园里搭帐篷，享受宜人的天气，感受春天的气息。
考查动词短语。clean up打扫；put up搭建；look up查阅；give up放弃。根据“The citizens of Nanjing like
to ... tents in parks...”可知，是搭帐篷，故选B。
10. 45,000 mu of wheat ________ smoothly in Gaochun District last month, forming a busy harvest scene.
A. harvests B. harvested C. is harvested D. was harvested
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：上个月，高淳区小麦顺利收获4.5万亩，形成了一片繁忙的收获景象。
考查被动语态。根据“last month”可知，此句是一般过去时，主语“45,000 mu of wheat”与动词harvest之间
是被动关系，此处用一般过去时被动语态，故选D。
11. It’s so noisy that I ________ hear a word of what you are saying.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：太吵了，你说的话我一个字也听不见。
考查动词辨析 。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t必须；needn’t不需要。根据“It’s so noisy that I ...
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hear a word of what you are saying.”可知，表示因噪音而“无法”听清，用can’t。故选A。
12. When I passed by the music room, Tina ________ the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leavers’
party.
A. has practised B. will practise C. was practising D. is practising
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当我经过音乐室时，Tina正在为即将到来的毕业晚会练习《友谊地久天长》。
考查过去进行时。根据“When I passed by the music room, Tina ... the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming
school-leavers’ party.”可知，强调在过去某个时刻正在做某事，用过去进行时。故选C。
13. During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ________ the
dragon boat race.
A. watch B. to watch C. watches D. watched
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：端午节假期期间，许多人聚集在莫愁湖公园观看龙舟比赛。
考查非谓语动词。根据“many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ... the dragon boat race”可知聚集在莫愁湖
公园是为了观看龙舟比赛，表示目的“为了观看”，用“to watch”，故选B。
14. —I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________?
—Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there.
A. where we can get some food quickly B. where can we get some food quickly
C. when we can get some food quickly D. when can we get some food quickly
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Amy，我非常饿。你知道我们在哪里可以快速弄到吃的吗？——当然！我建议去那边
的阳光快餐店。
考查宾语从句。know后面是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D选项。根据“I suggest Sunshine Fast
Food over there”可知，询问地点用where引导宾语从句，故选A。
15. —Jack, I’m stressed because my parents are always comparing me with others.
—________, Millie. Talk to them and let them know how you feel.
A. Cheer up B. No way C. My pleasure D. Well done
【答案】A
【解析】
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【详解】句意：——Jack，我压力很大，因为我父母总是拿我和别人比较。——振作起来，Millie。和他们
谈谈，让他们知道你的感受。
考查情境交际。Cheer up振作起来；No way没门；My pleasure我的荣幸；Well done做得好。根据“Jack,
I’m stressed because my parents are always comparing me with others.”可知表示“鼓励对方振作”，用“Cheer
up”，故选A。
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Imagine you are in a boat far out at sea. Suddenly, you hear a loud, deep, and beautiful song. Just as you are
starting to enjoy it, the song ends, Then, it ____16____ again. Who is out there making such music?
It sounds like the music that people make. ____17____ this music is actually (实际上) made by some species
of whale. According to scientist, some whales ____18____ their feelings of loneliness through these songs. They
may even sing the songs to show their ____19____ over the loss of a love done.
Each of these whale songs can last from a few minutes to half an hour, and it is then ____20____. The singing
can go on for hours, or even days. It is very loud, and can be heard over great distances. What is more ____21____
is that whales from the same social group sing the same song at the same time even when they are very far apart (相
隔). On the other hand, whales that belong to different social groups sing different song seven when they are
____22____. The music may change overtime, but whales belonging to the same group. ____23____ sing the
same songs. Research shows that this helps the whales to communicate important information to one another within
the group.
Although scientists have been studying whale songs for a long time, they continue to ____24____ why
whales sing. They haven’t found out the complex meanings of these songs. But maybe this is not a bad thing, for
the ____25____ of nature often lies in its mystery. And the mystery could be part of the reason why the song
sounds so beautiful to the human ear.
16. A. fails B. starts C. dies D. leaves
17. A. If B. So C. But D. Till
18. A. hide B. forget C. express D. compare
19. A. joy B. envy C. interest D. sadness
20. A. repeated B. repaired C. refused D. reminded
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21. A. amazing B. tiring C. boring D. worrying
22. A. off B. together C. out D. away
23. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always
24. A. receive B. support C. wonder D. complain
.
25 A. horror B. beauty C. change D. energy
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了鲸鱼通过歌声表达情感，同时也是一种社交的方式。
【16题详解】
句意：就在你开始享受这首歌时，它结束了。然后，它又开始了。
fails失败；starts开始；dies死亡；leaves离开。根据“Then, it...again”可知，这里表示歌曲再次开始。故选
B。
【17题详解】
句意：但这音乐实际上是由某些种类的鲸鱼发出的。
If如果；So所以；But但是；Till直到。根据“It sounds like the music that people make....this music is actually
made by some species of whale”可知，这里表示转折。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：根据科学家的说法，一些鲸鱼通过这些歌曲表达它们的孤独感。
hide隐藏；forget忘记；express表达；compare比较。根据“some whales...their feelings of loneliness through
these songs”可知，鲸鱼通过歌曲表达孤独感。故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：它们甚至可能唱这些歌来表达对失去爱人的悲伤。
joy快乐；envy嫉妒；interest兴趣；sadness悲伤。根据“They may even sing the songs to show their...over
the loss of a loved one”可知，这里表示悲伤。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：每首鲸鱼歌曲可以持续几分钟到半小时，然后重复。
repeated重复；repaired修理；refused拒绝；reminded提醒。根据“Each of these whale songs can last from a
few minutes to half an hour, and it is then...”可知，歌曲会重复。故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：更令人惊讶的是，来自同一社会群体的鲸鱼即使相隔很远也会同时唱同样的歌。
amazing令人惊讶的；tiring累人的；boring无聊的；worrying令人担忧的。根据“What is more...is that
whales from the same social group sing the same song at the same time”可知，这里表示令人惊讶的事情。故选
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A。
【22题详解】
句意：另一方面，属于不同社会群体的鲸鱼即使在一起也会唱不同的歌。
off离开；together一起；out外面；away离开。根据“whales that belong to different social groups sing
different songs even when they are...”可知，这里表示即使在一起也会唱不同的歌。故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：音乐可能会随着时间的推移而变化，但属于同一群体的鲸鱼总是唱同样的歌。
never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；always总是。根据“but whales belonging to the same group...sing
the same songs”可知，这里表示总是唱同样的歌。故选D。
【24题详解】
句意：尽管科学家们已经研究了很长时间的鲸鱼歌曲，但他们仍然想知道鲸鱼为什么唱歌。
receive接收；support支持；wonder想知道；complain抱怨。根据“they continue to...why whales sing”可知，
科学家们想知道鲸鱼为什么唱歌。故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：但也许这并不是一件坏事，因为自然的美丽常常在于它的神秘。
horror恐怖；beauty美丽；change变化；energy能量。根据“for the...of nature often lies in its mystery”可知，
这里指的是自然的美丽。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Welcome to
SKATING LAND
Are you looking for the latest news
of ice skating?
Do you want to know more about
your favourite skaters?
Would you like to improve your
skills?
You’ve come to the right place!
SKATING LAND is the only
website you’ll ever need.
SKATING LAND has more features than any other site out there, including:
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Skating Round-up
Training Centre
You can get a weekly
You can get strategy hints and
round-up of what is
scoring tips that can help you
happening in skating, with
improve your skills.
up-to-date information.
Message Boards Summer Camp
You can exchange Where: Starlight Sports Centre
information with skaters
Dates: July 14-23
and other fans. You can
track your favourite teams Time: 9 a.m.-12 a.m.
and skaters.
Cost: $150
26. What is SKATING LAND?
A. It’s a sports club. B. It’s a sports shop C. It’s a sports website. D. It’s a sports game.
27. Which part helps you communicate with skaters?
.
A Training Centre B. Summer Camp C. Skating Round-up D. Message Boards
28. What’s the purpose of using “ONECLICK” instead of “one click”?
A. To provide online training for readers.
B. To invite readers to join the Summer Camp.
C. To prove SKATING LAND has more features.
D. To encourage readers to use SKATING LAND.
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是SKATING LAND的广告信息。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“SKATING LAND is the only website you’ll ever need.”可知，SKATING LAND是一个网
站，故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Message Boards You can exchange information with skaters and other fans. You can track
your favorite teams and skaters.”可知，Message Boards部分能帮助你与滑冰选手交流。故选D。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。使用“ONE CLICK”而不是“one click”是为了强调并吸引读者快速注册使用，从而鼓励他们
使用该网站，故选D。
B
Cast of Characters: Narrator, Villager, Shoemaker, Coyote, Beekeeper
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Narrator: Coyote is a trickster. He loves to disobey the rules and play tricks on people.
Villager: Coyote, you are always scaring our farm animals. It’s time for you to stop!
Narrator: The villagers decide to catch Coyote and lock him up. But Coyote has confidence in himself. He knows
that if he does a good deed, the villagers will not want to catch him.
Coyote: Shoemaker, I can help you.
Shoemaker: How?
Coyote: I see you have made some special shoes for Beekeeper’s daughter.
Shoemaker: That’s right. She will wear them for a ceremony at school. She is going to graduate this year.
Coyote: I will deliver the shoes to Beekeeper for you.
Narrator: So Coyote takes the shoes and heads to Beekeeper’s house. He hopes the villagers will want to reward
him for his kindness. Suddenly, Coyote sees Beekeeper coming down the path carrying a big pot. On the font is a
picture of a bee.
Coyote: That bee is a symbol. There must be honey (蜂蜜) in that pot. Yum.
Narrator: Coyote waits patiently for Beekeeper. Then Coyote drops the shoes to distract Beekeeper.
Beekeeper: Why are these shoes on the ground?
Narrator: When Beekeeper puts down her pot of honey, Coyote quickly grabs it and eats some honey.
Coyote: Mmm. Sticky and delicious. Wait, what’s this? A fly (苍蝇) is stuck on my snout!
Narrator: Coyote rolls on the ground to get the fly off, but his sticky fur gets covered with twigs and leaves. Some
villagers see Coyote and think he is a monster. They run away.
Villager: There was a monster covered in leaves and sticks. Where did it go?
Coyote: That was no monster. It was I, Sticky Coyote. I was covered with honey and dried leaves.
Narrator: When Coyote tells them what he has done, the villagers laugh.
Villager: What would we do without you, Coyote? You make us laugh. Of course you can stay in our village.
Coyote: Thank you, friends. I am happy to stay. I will try not to cause so much trouble.
Narrator: Since then, Coyote often helps the villagers. He even protects them sometimes. Every now and then,
however, he still loves to play a good trick.
29. What is Narrator’s task in the play?
A. Explaining the story. B. Writing the script.
C. Directing the characters. D. Making the video.
30. What does the underlined word “deliver” in the play mean?
A. Return. B. Post. C. Lend. D. Take.
31. Why can Coyote stay in the village at last?
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A. He brings fun to the villagers. B. He plays tricks on the villagers.
C. The villagers catch him and lock him up. D. The villagers need his help and protection.
【答案】29. A 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇剧本，主要讲述了Coyote通过帮助村民和制造笑料最终得以留在村庄的故事。
【29题详解】
的
推理判断题。根据剧本中 “Narrator: Coyote is a trickster. He loves to disobey the rules and play tricks on
people.”可推知，旁白的任务是解释故事。故选A。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据剧本中的“Coyote: I will deliver the shoes to Beekeeper for you.”（Coyote：我会帮你把鞋
子送给养蜂人。）可推知，故 “deliver”意为“送”。故选D。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据剧本中的“Villager: What would we do without you, Coyote? You make us laugh. Of course
you can stay in our village.”可知，Coyote最终能留在村庄是因为他给村民带来了乐趣。故选A。
C
Ryan and Ahmed sat on their bicycles at the start of the cyclocross course. Ahmed had been competing in
cyclocross for three years, but this was Ryan’s first race. He wished he could remember everything Ahmed had
taught him.
Ryan reviewed the last six months in his mind. From the moment, Ahmed had first asked whether he would
like to try the sport, Ryan had been excited. Ahmed helped Ryan find safety gear. He also explained the importance
of practising and set up a plan for the two friends to practise together.
Practising was hard. Ryan soon grew bored with working on the same skills over and over. He was ready to
race! Ryan ended up skipping (不参加) many of the practices. When Ryan did go to practices, he spent more time
doing tricks with his bike than he did listening to Ahmed’s tips.
“Now the real fun begins,” Ryan thought as he sat at the starting line.
“You need to get serious,” Ahmed warned. “Cyclocross can be dangerous.”
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Bang! The starting gun went off. The boys rushed off the starting line. Ryan saw the first obstacle (障碍)
ahead. It was a series of small hurdles.
“Here I go!” Ryan shouted when he reached the hurdles. He jumped off his bike and landed hard on his foot.
Next, he had to get his bike onto his shoulder. Ryan could not remember what Ahmed said about shouldering the
bike. He tried to pick it up by the wheels but dropped. Finally, he got his bike off the ground. As he ran, he tried to
balance the bike on his shoulder. The bike was heavy, and his ankle hurt. Before he knew it, he was lying face-
down in the mud.
“Are you okay?” Ryan heard his friend ask. Ahmed reached down to help Ryan. Ryan was thankful that
Ahmed cared more about him than about the race. He caught Ahmed’s hand and stood.
“Ouch!” Ryan cried. It hurt to put weight on his ankle. “You were right, Ahmed. Cyclocross is about more
than strength and speed. Can we spend a few more months training together? I want to finish my next cyclocross
race!”
32. What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 3?
A. To provide more information about cyclocross.
B. To show Ryan’s efforts in practising cyclocross.
C. To introduce the safety rules of the cyclocross race.
D. To leave clues about why Ryan failed in the cyclocross race.
33. Which of the following best describes Ahmed?
A. Curious but lazy. B. Friendly but impatient.
C. Organized and helpful. D. Confident and humorous.
34. What may happen next according to the passage?
A. Ryan will end his friendship with Ahmed. B. Ryan will become serious and train harder.
C. Ryan will skip more of the cyclocross practices. D. Ryan will certainly win the next cyclocross race.
35. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Safety First, Friendship Second B. Cyclocross—Strength and Speed
C. A Lesson Learned the Hard Way D. Six Months Spent on the Practice
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了Ryan首次参加自行车越野赛的经历。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的描述可知，Ryan在训练中缺乏耐心、忽视练习、沉迷技巧，暗示他在比赛中失
败的原因（如摔倒、无法正确扛车）。这些细节为后文的失败埋下伏笔。故选D。
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【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Ahmed helped Ryan find safety gear...explained the importance of practising and set
up a plan”以及比赛中“Ahmed reached down to help Ryan”可知，Ahmed始终有条理地指导Ryan（制定计
划）、主动提供帮助（找装备、赛后关心）。可以看出他有条理，乐于助人。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据结尾Ryan的反思“Can we spend a few more months training together? I want to finish my
next race!”可知，他意识到训练的重要性，并请求Ahmed继续帮助。结合前文他因不认真训练而失败，可
推断他会严肃对待训练。故选B。
【35题详解】
最佳标题题。全文围绕Ryan因轻视训练导致比赛失败，最终领悟，核心是通过挫折学习教训。故选C。
D
You can volunteer with three or four friends to do a team experiment (实验). First, you need to know a little
about the water cycle. The water cycle starts when the sun heats ocean water. The sun converts, or changes, the
water into water vapor (蒸气). The sun and wind cause the water vapor to rise into the air. Water vapor cools off in
the atmosphere (大气层), or the air that surrounds Earth. Then it changes to drops of water. The drops then cluster,
or hold together, forming a cloud.
The water in the cloud falls as rain or snow. It may fall back into the ocean, or it may fall on land. If it falls on
land, it finally works its way back to the ocean as a water overflow called runoff. As you begin your experiment,
remember this amazing fact. The amount of water on Earth now is the same as it was in the past and will be in the
future. About 71% of Earth’s surface is water. This includes not only the water in oceans, rivers, and lakes. It also
includes the water in clouds, rain, snow, and groundwater and in the icy areas at the North and South Poles.
Now make a model of the water cycle with a partner or small group. Use the instructions below:
●Fill cup about halfway with water.
●Add red food color to the water and stir.
●Use the marker to show water level.
●Put the cup in the bag and sea lit.
●Put the bag in a sunny window.
After you finish making the water cycle model, watch carefully what happens to the water in the cup. Check
the mark showing the water level. You should see that the water level becomes gradually lower. You should also
begin to see small drops of water on the sides and bottom of the bag. The water is evaporating (蒸发) from the heat
and then changing from the gas created by evaporating to water drops on the sides of the bag. The drops rundown
the sides and will begin to collect at the bottom. This is what happens when the sun heats the ocean. Water vapor
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rises and forms clouds. The drops running down the sides of the bag are like rain filling on Earth.
36. In which part does “runoff” appear in the picture?
A. A B. B C. C D. D
37. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Earth’s surface. B. The water on Earth. C. Your experiment. D. This amazing fact.
38. How does the writer introduce the way of making the water cycle model?
A. By showing the steps in order. B. By explaining cause and effect.
C. By comparing and contrasting. D. By providing the examples in detail.
39. What can we learn from the experiment?
A. Successful experiments need a lot of time and hard work.
B. Simple experiments can also help understand science well.
C. Students do the experiment in order to show their team spirit.
D. Students know the amount of water on Earth from the experiment.
40. From which is the passage most probably taken?
A. A storybook. B. A book review. C. A science magazine. D. A tourist guide.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是介绍水循环的科普知识，并提供了详细的实验步骤。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“If it falls on land, it finally works its way back to the ocean as a water overflow called
runoff.”可知，如果它落在陆地上，它最终会以一种叫做径流的水溢出的方式返回海洋。所以“runoff”指的
是雨水落到陆地上后最终流回海洋的过程。在图示中，D所示的箭头表示地表径流（即从陆地流回海洋）。
故选D。
【37题详解】
代词指代题。根据“The amount of water on Earth now is the same as it was in the past and will be in the future.
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About 71% of Earth’s surface is water. This includes not only the water in oceans, rivers, and lakes.”可知，现在地
球上的水量与过去一样，未来也将如此。大约71%的地球表面是水。这不仅包括海洋、河流和湖泊中的水。
此处This指的是“地球上的水”，故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。文中用“●”分条罗列了做实验的步骤，按照顺序一步步介绍如何制作一个水循环模型，故
选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。通过这个简单的 “杯子+塑料袋” 实验就能观察到蒸发、凝结和降水等水循环现象，说明
简单的实验也能帮助我们更好地理解科学，故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要是介绍水循环的科普知识，并提供了详细的实验步骤，最可能出自科普类的科学杂
志，故选C。
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
41. In Nanjing, some “pocket parks” have become good places for people to take a ________ (散步).
【答案】walk
【解析】
【详解】句意：在南京，一些“口袋公园”已经成为人们散步的好地方。walk“散步”，take a walk“去散
步”，故填walk。
42. Citizens like climbing Zjin Mountain to enjoy the ________ (新鲜的) air.
【答案】fresh
【解析】
【详解】句意：市民们喜欢爬紫金山来呼吸新鲜空气。fresh“新鲜的”，形容词作定语，故填fresh。
43. The local people behave ________ (礼貌地) and impress the tourists a lot.
【答案】politely
【解析】
【详解】句意：当地人举止礼貌，给游客留下了深刻的印象。politely“礼貌地”，修饰动词“behave”，故
填politely。
44. The rapid development of public transport helps people to ________ (节省) much time on the trip.
【答案】save
【解析】
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【详解】句意：公共交通的快速发展帮助人们节省了很多旅行时间。save“节省”，help sb to do sth“帮助某
人做某事”，故填save。
45. Nanjing, the ancient capital of six dynasties, is the ________ (骄傲) of the people living here.
【答案】pride
【解析】
【详解】句意：南京，六朝古都，是居住在这里的人们的骄傲。pride “骄傲”，在句中作表语，故填
pride。
B）请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. Reading is always a ________ (meaning) time and I really enjoy it.
【答案】meaningful
【解析】
【详解】句意：阅读总是一段有意义的时光，我真的很喜欢。此处作定语修饰“time”，用形容词
meaningful“有意义的”，故填meaningful。
47. I prefer reading e-books because they are much ________ (light) than paper ones.
【答案】lighter
【解析】
【详解】句意：我更喜欢阅读电子书，因为它们比纸质书轻得多。根据“much”及“than”可知此处用形容
词比较级，light的比较级lighter，意为“更轻的”。故填lighter。
48. My teachers provide many ________ (suggestion) for interesting reading materials.
【答案】suggestions
【解析】
的
【详解】句意：我 老师提供了许多有趣的阅读材料的建议。suggestion“建议”；“many”修饰可数名词复
数，故填suggestions。
49. A book review can often tell me whether a book is worth ________ (read) or not.
【答案】reading
【解析】
【详解】句意：书评常常能告诉我一本书是否值得一读。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，动名词作宾语，
故填reading。
50. Last weekend, ________ (hundred) of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming
City Wall.
【答案】hundreds
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【解析】
【详解】句意：上周末，数百名学生参加了在明古城墙脚下的阅读活动。根据“Last weekend, ...(hundred)
of students”可知，此处是hundreds of“数百”，固定用法，故填hundreds。
C）
请根据对话内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确。
try later surprise enjoy lanterns For example
Tony: Happy Spring Festival, Wei Hua. Here’s your gift.
Wei Hua: Oh, what a ___51___! Thank you, Tony.
Tony: You can open it.
Wei Hua: I don’t think I should open it now. In China, we open a gift ___52___.
Tony: That’s interesting. Tell me more about Chinese traditions.
Wei Hua: There are a lot. ___53___, on the first day of the Spring Festival, we mustn’t break anything. It’s bad
luck.
Tony: I’m really interested!
Wei Hua: The celebration lasts fifteen days, and on the final day, people usually go out to ___54___.
Tony: So, anywhere in Nanjing to do that?
Wei Hua: In Confucius Temple. You can also ___55___ lots of local snacks there.
Tony: Fantastic!
【答案】51. surprise
52. later 53. For example
54. enjoy lanterns
55. try
【解析】
【导语】本文是托尼和卫华二人关于中国习俗和春节的对话。
【51题详解】
句意：哦，真是个惊喜！根据“Oh, what a ...!”和备选词可知，此处表达惊喜，surprise“惊喜”符合语境，
故填surprise。
【52题详解】
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句意：在中国，我们稍后打开礼物。根据“I don’t think I should open it now. In China, we open a gift...”和备
选词可知，在中国通常不会马上打开礼物，而是晚些时候，later“稍后”符合语境，故填later。
【53题详解】
句意：例如，在春节的第一天，我们不能打碎任何东西。根据“There are a lot. ..., on the first day of the
Spring Festival, we mustn’t break anything.”和备选词可知，此处在举例，For example“例如”符合语境，故
填For example。
【54题详解】
句意：庆祝活动持续十五天，在最后一天，人们通常出去赏灯。根据“The celebration lasts fifteen days, and
on the final day, people usually go out to...”和备选词可知，在正月十五，人们通常出去赏灯，enjoy
lanterns“赏灯”符合语境，不定式结构用动词原形。故填enjoy lanterns。
【55题详解】
句意：你也可以在那里品尝许多当地小吃。根据“You can also...lots of local snacks there.”和备选词可知，
可以在那里品尝许多当地小吃，try“品尝”符合语境，情态动词后用动词原形。故填try。
五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
A）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个
空格只填1个单词。
Project-based leaning, or PBL, is a teaching method in which students work on a project with the goal (目标)
of answering areal-world question or solving a practical problem. PBL requires students to use skills such as critical
thinking, problem solving, creativity, and collaboration. Moreover, students are proud of their work because they
will need to present their ideas to an audience (观众). PBL leads to the creation of a product. An important part of
PBL is audience feedback and comments (评论).
PBL can fit into any subject area. In social studies, for example, students can research the history and culture
of their community, exploring a festival for the community, which includes traditional costumes, food, art, and
music.
In maths, students can make a quilt (被子) with symbols of their community’s heritage. This project joins
knowledge of geometry, art, and history together. It would require maths skills to measure the material used to
make the quilt. The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting. In language arts, students could
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team up with a school from a different culture. First of all, they could exchange information through a class
website. Then they could pack items that represent their school or culture. Students would give a description of
each item and why it is relevant. Finally, the students could exchange the packages through the mainland ask
follow-up questions about the items they received.
In science, students could research plants, and they could use their findings to build a habitat (栖息地) in the
school garden. This may include removing weeds, adding plants to attract butterflies, and building bird feeders.
An important part of PBL is that failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process. One of the
goals of PBL is to make efforts productively and work through problems. All schools and educators should accept
PBL!
Project-based Learning
PBL requires students to work on a ___56___ by solving a practical
problem.
Introduction
The audience feedback and comments make a ___57___ to it.
Students can research the history and culture of their community
through a traditional ___59___ for it.
Maths skills and knowledge of some ___60___ subjects can be joined
together by making a quilt, and displaying it in ___61___ can bring
more advantages.
___58___ of
practical use in some
subjects To improve language skills, students from different cultures can pack
and ___62___ items, and then exchange them for further
communication.
Building a habitat can help students put their findings from the
research into ___63___.
PBL encourages students to learn through problems. It’s acceptable
that one might be ___64___ to complete some tasks in the learning
Conclusion
process. So it’s hoped that PBL will be ___65___ with all schools and
educators.
【答案】56. project
57. difference
58. Examples
59. festival
60. other 61. public
62. describe
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63. practice
64. unable 65. popular
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了PBL的教学方式，这种方式要求学生运用批判性思维来解决问题。
【56题详解】
根据“Project-based leaning, or PBL, is a teaching method in which students work on a project with the goal (目
标) of answering areal-world question or solving a practical problem.”可知，PBL是一种教学方法，在这种方法
中，学生以回答现实世界的问题或解决实际问题为目标开展项目。故填 project。
【57题详解】
根据“An important part of PBL is audience feedback and comments (评论).”可知，观众的反馈和评论对PBL
产生影响。固定短语“makeadifferenceto”表示“对……产生影响”。故填difference。
【58题详解】
根据第二段可知，举了一些例子来说明，用复数形式，且首字母需大写。故填Examples。
【59题详解】
根据第二段可知，学生可以通过传统节日来研究他们社区的历史和文化，前有不定冠词“a”，用单数形式。
故填festival。
【60题详解】
根据“In maths, students can make a quilt (被子) with symbols of their community’s heritage. This project joins
knowledge of geometry, art, and history together. It would require maths skills to measure the material used to
make the quilt. The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting.”可知，通过做一床被子并在公
众面前展示，可以将数学技能和其他学科的知识结合起来，从而带来更多好处。故填other。
【61题详解】
根据“In maths, students can make a quilt (被子) with symbols of their community’s heritage. This project joins
knowledge of geometry, art, and history together. It would require maths skills to measure the material used to
make the quilt. The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting.”可知，通过做一床被子并在公
众面前展示，可以将数学技能和其他学科的知识结合起来，从而带来更多好处。故填public。
【62题详解】
根据第三段内容可知，为了提高语言技能，来自不同文化的学生可以打包并描述物品，然后交换物品以进
行进一步交流。情态动词“can”后跟动词原形。故填describe。
【63题详解】
根据第四段内容可知，建造一个栖息地可以帮助学生将他们的研究成果付诸实践。故填practice。
【64题详解】
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根据“An important part of PBL is that failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process. One of the
goals of PBL is to make efforts productively and work through problems.”可知，PBL鼓励学生在问题中学习，
因此一个人在学习过程中可能无法完成某些任务是可以接受的。故填unable。
【65题详解】
根据第五段“All schools and educators should accept PBL!”可知，希望 PBL会受到所有学校和教育工作者
的欢迎。故填popular。
B）
请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
An excerpt (节选) from the famous classic novel Alice in Wonderland reads as follows: “Would you tell me,
please, which way I ought to go from here?” asked Alice.
“That d____66____ a great deal on where you want to get to,” said the Cheshire Cat.
“I don’t much care where!” said Alice.
“Then it doesn’t matter which way you go,” replied the cat.
Most of us are l____67____ Alice in the above dialogue. We don’t have a specific (明确的) idea of where we
want to r____68____ and what we want to become in life. It is said that “Good luck is the r____69____ of good
planning” and “Well planned is half done”. To plan means to look ahead and design f____70____ courses of action
to be followed. Decide what e____71____ you want to achieve and plan in detail when and how you are going to
do a specific activity. According to Koontz & O’ Donell, “Planning is d___72___ what to do, how to do and who is
to do it in advance (事先). Planning works as a b____73____ between where we are and where we want to go. It
makes possible things happen, which wouldn’t otherwise happen”.
So start p____74____ yourselves for your future plans right away. Plan your present well so you would have
nothing to r____75____ in future. Now it’s time for you to take important decisions!
【答案】66. (d)epends
67. (l)ike 68. (r)each
69. (r)esult
70. (f)uture
71. (e)xactly
72. (d)eciding
73. (b)ridge
74. (p)reparing
75. (r)egret
【解析】
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【导语】本文通过爱丽丝与柴郡猫的对话引出主题，强调了人生规划的重要性。
【66题详解】
句意：“那在很大程度上取决于你想要到达哪里。” 柴郡猫说。“depend on”是固定短语，意为“取决
于”，句子描述的是一般性的情况，用一般现在时，主语“That”是第三人称单数，所以“depend”要用第
三人称单数形式“depends”。故填(d)epends。
【67题详解】
句意：我们大多数人就像上述对话中的爱丽丝一样。根据“Most of us are l... Alice in the above dialogue.”可
知，这里表示“像……一样”，用介词“like”。故填(l)ike。
【68题详解】
句意：我们对自己想要到达哪里以及在生活中想要成为什么样的人没有一个明确的想法。“want to do sth.”
是固定用法，意为 “想要做某事”，这里表示“想要到达”，结合首字母“r”，可知用动词“reach”。故
填(r)each。
【69题详解】
句意：据说“好运是良好规划的结果”，“良好的规划是成功的一半”。“the result of...”是固定短语，意
“……的结果”，符合语境，结合首字母“r”，可知这里用“result”。故填(r)esult。
【70题详解】
句意：规划意味着向前看，并为未来要遵循的行动方案进行设计。根据“To plan means to look ahead”可知，
规划是为未来做的，结合首字母“f”，可知这里用形容词“future” 修饰“courses of action”。故填(f)uture。
【71题详解】
句意：决定你确切想要实现什么，并详细规划你何时以及如何去做一项特定的活动。这里修饰动词
“achieve”，结合首字母 “e”，可知用副词“exactly”，意为“确切地”。故填(e)xactly。
【72题详解】
句意：根据孔茨和奥唐纳的说法，“规划就是事先决定做什么、怎么做以及谁来做”。“is”后接动词时用
动名词形式作表语，结合首字母“d”和“what to do, how to do and who is to do it in advance”可知，这里用
“deciding”。故填(d)eciding。
【73题详解】
句意：规划是我们现在所处的位置和我们想要到达的位置之间的桥梁。“a”后接可数名词单数，根据
“between where we are and where we want to go”以及首字母“b”，可知这里用“bridge”，“a bridge
between...”表示 “……之间的桥梁”。故填(b)ridge。
【74题详解】
句意：所以立刻开始为你未来的计划做好准备吧。“start doing sth.”是固定用法，意为“开始做某事”，结
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合首字母“p”和“for your future plans”可知，这里用“preparing”，“prepare for...”表示“为……做准备”。
故填(p)reparing。
【75题详解】
句意：好好规划你的现在，这样你将来就不会有什么可后悔的了。“have nothing to do”是固定结构，意为
“没有什么可做的”，这里表示“没有什么可后悔的”，结合首字母“r”，可知用动词“regret”。故填
(r)egret。
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76. 请根据英文校刊English Garden中Teens Talk栏目的征稿内容，用英语写一篇短文。
ARTICLES WANTED!
In your life, you might meet with some difficulties. Choose one difficulty and write an article
about how you dealt with it and what you have learnt from this experience. Please share your
article with us and we will publish the best ones in our magazine.
注意：1. 内容涵盖所有要点，全文连贯通顺。
2. 词数80左右（已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数）。
3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
I once met with a difficulty in my life.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
I once met with a difficulty in my life. It is so special that I will never forget the experience that I overcame
my shyness and become confident.
I still remember when I came to the new school, things didn’t go on as smoothly as I expected. I was afraid to
speak English in public. In order to solve this dilemma, I took part in English-speaking clubs which is meaningful.
As time went by, I became outgoing than before and made many friends who have the same interest as me.
As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” When you are in trouble, don’t give up!
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇材料作文。
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时态：一般过去时。
提示：根据题目要求，描述一次遇到的困难、如何克服以及从中学到的经验。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出文章的主题；
第二部，描述遇到的困难并说明如何克服困难。
第三步，分享从中学到的经验。
[亮点词汇]
① be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
② go by 流逝
③ as the saying goes 俗话说
[高分句型]
① It is so special that I will never forget the experience that I overcame my shyness and become confident.（so ...
that引导结果状语从句；that引导定语从句）
② Where there is a will, there is a way.（习语“有志者，事竟成”）
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