文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．astronaut n．宇航员；太空人
2．procedure n．程序；步骤；手续
3．cm abbr.(centimetre or centimeter)厘米
4．rocket n．火箭；火箭弹
5．gravity n．重力；引力
6．frontier n．边境；国界；边远地区
7．vehicle n．交通工具；车辆
8．satellite n．人造卫星；卫星
9．orbit n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt.& vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
10．giant adj.巨大的；伟大的 n．巨人；巨兽；伟人
11．leap n．跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.(leapt，leapt or leaped，leaped) 跳过；跃过
12．agency n．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处
13．transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送
14．data n．[pl.]资料；数据
15．spacewalk n．太空行走；太空行走的时间
16．jade n．玉；翡翠；玉器
17．solar adj.太阳的；太阳能的
18．solar system太阳系；类太阳系
19．sufficient adj.足够的；充足的
20．soap n．肥皂
21．microwave n．(also microwave oven)微波炉
22．tissue n．纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织
23．facility n．设施；设备
24．fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的
25．high-end adj.高端的26．foam n．泡沫橡胶；泡沫
27．pillow n．枕头
28．smartphone n．智能手机
29．closing adj.结尾的；结束的 n．停业；关闭；倒闭
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．launch vt.& n．发射；发起；上市
2．mankind n．人类
3．signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志
4．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用
5．muscle n．肌肉；实力；影响力
6．float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
7．otherwise adv.否则；要不然
8．beyond prep.在更远处；超出
9．current adj.当前的；现在的 n．水流；电流；思潮
10．towel n．毛巾；抹布
11．keen adj.热衷的；渴望的
12．shallow adj.肤浅的；浅的
13．pattern n．模式；图案；模范
14．monitor n．监视器；监测仪 vt.监视；监测；监控
15．resource n．资源；财力；物力
16．oxygen n．氧；氧气
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．mental adj.精神的；思想的→mentally adv.精神上地
2．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．智慧
3．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determination
n．决心；果断
4．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的
→disappointment n．失望；沮丧
5．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desirable adj.值得做的
6．independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.独立地；自立地→independence n．
独立；自立→depend vi.依靠
7．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺→lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的
8．globe n．地球；世界；地球仪→global adj.全球的；全面的
9．argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n．争论；争吵；论点
10．analysis n．(pl.analyses)(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyz(s)e v．分析11．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv.有规律地；经常；定期地
→irregular adj.无规律的；不定期的
12．limited adj.有限的→limitless/unlimited adj.无限的→limit vt.& n．限制
13．mystery n．神秘事物；谜→mysterious adj.神秘的
14．attach vt.系；绑；贴→attached adj.附着的；依恋的→attachment n．附件；附属品；依
恋
1．accustomed /ə'kʌstəmd/ adj.习惯于；通常的
2．cherish /'tʃerIʃ/ vt.抱有(信念、希望)；怀念；珍爱
3．exhausted /Iɡ'zɔːstId/ adj.筋疲力尽的；枯竭的
4．whatsoever /ˌwɒtsəʊ'evə(r)/ adv.丝毫(不)；一点也(不)
5．spontaneous /spɒn'teIniəs/ adj.自发的；自然的
6．unprecedented /ʌn'presIdentId/ adj.前所未有的；空前的
7．earnest /'ɜːnIst/ adj.非常认真的；真诚的
8．invade /In'veId/ vi.& vt.武装入侵；侵略；侵犯
9．surrender /sə'rendə(r)/ vi.& vt.投降；(被迫)放弃，交出 n．投降；屈服；屈从
10．capture /'kæptʃə(r)/ n．(被)捕获；(被)俘获 vt.俘虏；俘获；捕获
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．carry on继续做，坚持干
2．on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3．in the hope of doing sth 抱着……的希望
4．so as to (do sth)为了；以便
5．figure out弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
6．result in导致；造成
7．as a result所以；结果(是)
8．provide for sb 提供生活所需
9．in closing最后
10．run out用完；耗尽
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1 ． Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because
everything would float off otherwise.(otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句)
宇航员在太空工作时，不得不用胶带把所有的东西固定下来，否则所有的东西都会飘走。
2．Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to
achieve.(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do...)
把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。
3．Firstly，exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.(动名词短语作主语)
首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。
4．As a result，space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed
Earth’s increasing population.(现在分词作前置定语)
因此，基于太空的科学有助于提高农业产量，从而为地球上不断增长的人口提供充足的食物。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共12分)
1．procedure n．程序；步骤；手续
2．sufficient adj.足够的；充足的
3．gravity n．重力；引力
4．fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的
5．vehicle n．交通工具；车辆
6．satellite n．人造卫星；卫星
7．orbit n． ( 环绕地球、太阳等运行的 ) 轨道；势力范围 vt.& vi. 沿轨道运行；环绕 …… 运行
8．high-end adj.高端的
9．agency n． ( 政府的 ) 专门机构；服务机构；代理处
10．leap n．跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
11．data n．[pl.]资料；数据
12．transmit vi.& vt.传输；发送
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．launch vt.& n．发射；发起；上市
2．signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志
3．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用
4．beyond prep.在更远处；超出
5．float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
6．current adj.当前的；现在的 n．水流；电流；思潮
7．keen adj.热衷的；渴望的
8．pattern n．模式；图案；模范
9．monitor n．监视器；监测仪 vt.监视；监测；监控
10．resource n．资源；财力；物力
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分)
1．mental adj.精神的；思想的→mentally adv.精神上地
2．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．智慧3．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desirable adj.值得做的
4．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺→lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的
5．globe n．地球；世界；地球仪→global adj.全球的；全面的
6．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv.有规律地；经常；定期地→irregular
adj.无规律的；不定期的
7．mystery n．神秘事物；谜→mysterious adj.神秘的
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题2分，共10分)
1．accustomed adj.习惯于；通常的
2．cherish vt.抱有(信念、希望)；怀念；珍爱
3．exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的；枯竭的
4．capture n．(被)捕获；(被)俘获 vt.俘虏；俘获；捕获
5．whatsoever adv. 丝毫 ( 不 ) ；一点也 ( 不 )
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
1．carry on 继续做，坚持干
2．on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3．so as to (do sth)为了；以便
4．figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
5．as a result 所以；结果(是)
6．in closing 最后
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共20分)
1．When asked whether he was determined to be an astronaut，the boy just looked at me with
determination.(determine)
2 ． What disappointed me was not the disappointing result of the match.It was your
disappointed look that gave me a strong sense of disappointment.(disappoint)
3．Most of us are longing to be independent from our parents，because our independence shows
that we’ve grown up but when meeting with difficulties，we’ll have to depend on our parents.
(depend)
4．A person’s life is limited but knowledge is limitless/unlimited.(limit)
5．An argument about whether people should carry on with space exploration took place at the
conference and some people argued that we should stop wasting time and money on it.(argue)
6．Unsatisfied with the results of the analysis，the researchers analyzed the data again.(analyze)
7．He is healthy mentally and physically.That is to say，he has mental and physical health.
(mental)
8．Many parents attach great importance to getting a good education at this school attached toPeking University.(attach)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共12分)
1．Only after he failed a second time did he realize that it was his laziness that resulted in his
failure.
2．My car broke down on the way to the beach because petrol had run out.
3．We must carry on till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
4．Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe.
5．We are anxious to know whether you have figured out how much the trip will cost altogether.
6．She’d have sufficient money to provide for her children until she could find a job.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2.5分，共10分)
1．工人们没有被组织好，否则他们会用一半的时间完成任务的。(otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟
条件句)
The workers were not better organized，otherwise they would have accomplished the task in half
the time.
2．你知道来参加聚会的人数吗？(现在分词短语作定语)
Do you know the number of people coming to the party?
3．我真诚地邀请你和我们一起过春节。你会发现这里的人很友好，他们很容易相处。(主语
＋be＋adj.＋to do...)
I sincerely invite you to spend Spring Festival with us.You’ll find people here friendly and they
are easy to get along/on with.
4．听录音机是提高你听力技能的好方法。 (动名词短语作主语)
Listening to the radio is a good way to improve your listening skill.
Mankind has managed to create facilities and vehicles to carry astronauts into the
universe.They launch rockets 1.carrying(carry) satellites.Many intelligent people around the
globe are determined to devote 2. themselves(they) to space exploration，even though fatal
space disasters which killed astronauts on board make them 3.disappointed(disappoint) ．
Besides，when living in space，the astronauts have to recycle dirty water so as to use it
later.4.For lack of gravity ， their muscles become weak.They have to tape everything
up,5.otherwise they would float around.They also need to figure out a way to store sufficient
food and oxygen.However，people’s desire 6.to explore(explore) space never dies.China is the
third country to send humans into space independently.This signals a giant leap forward for
China.Some people argue that we should stop 7.wasting(waste) time and money on space
exploration,8.which is a shallow view.Our planet’s resources are limited，and as a result，
we should find a new home to provide for the ever 9.increasing(increase) population.In closing，we attach great importance to solving the mystery about space and will carry on with space
exploration 10.regularly(regular).
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 (disappoint vt.使失望 disappointing adj.令人失望的
disappointment n．失望，沮丧)
·be disappointed at/with/by...对……感到失望
be disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望
be disappointed that...对……失望
·to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
(1)Although being monitored can be frustrating and disappointing(disappoint)，it turns out that
this can actually be good for you.
(2)To their disappointment，they failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.
(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
①What made them disappointed/What disappointed them was that they failed to cook a
Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.(用what引导的主语从句改写)
②They failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt ， which made them
disappointed/which disappointed them.(用定语从句改写)
desire n．渴望；欲望；愿望 vt.渴望；期望 (desirable adj.值得做的)
·have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物
·desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事
desire that...(should) do...渴望……
(1)The boy has a strong desire for a smartphone with a large internal memory to play games.
(2)We desire that such meaningful activities (should) be held(hold) on a regular basis.
(3)得知你有强烈的学好汉语的愿望，我写信给你一些实用的建议。(应用文写作之建议信)
Learning that you have a strong desire/strongly desire to learn Chinese well，I am writing to offer
your some practical suggestions.
lack vt.缺乏；缺少；没有 n．缺乏；短缺 (lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的)
·(a) lack of缺少……for/through lack of因缺少……
·be lacking in在……方面缺乏
(1)For lack of sufficient oxygen，the astronaut could not carry on with his mission.
(2)一些学生可能会觉得与不熟悉的人一起练习不舒服，这可能会导致缺乏参与，阻碍他们
在课程中的进步。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
Some students may feel uncomfortable practicing with someone they don’t know well，which
could result in a lack of participation and hinder their progress in the course.
(3)尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后
续写)
①Though they lacked/were lacking in cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to
the Internet for some advice.
②Though lacking (in) cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for
some advice.(用省略句改写)
argue vt.& vi.争论；争辩；论证 (argument n．争论；争辩；争吵；论点)
·argue with sb about/over sth 因某事与某人争吵/争论
argue for/against (doing) sth 据理赞成/反对(做)某事
argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
·beyond argument 无可争论
(1)It is beyond argument(argue) that Chinese astronauts have made giant contributions to the
world space exploration.
(2)我本想说服他接受我的意见，但很快我意识到，和他争论这个问题没有用，因为他太固
执了。
I had intended to argue him into accepting my opinion，but soon I realized it was no use arguing
with him about/over the issue，because he was too stubborn.
(3)根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语名
著来提高他们的英语水平。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
Based on the above chart,65% of the students argue for enjoying English songs while 18% of the
students argue that they can have their English level improved by reading English classics.
attach vt.系；绑；贴；把……固定；重视 (attached adj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的
attachment n．附件；附属品；依恋)
·attach...to...把……附在……上；把……绑在……上attach importance/significance/value/weight to...认为……有重要性/意义/价值/分量
·be attached to喜欢，依恋；附属于
(1)With time going by，Claire seemed to be more attached(attach) to Tony，the robot.
(2)如果你能抽出一些时间来审查这封电子邮件所附的草稿并作出必要的更改，我将不胜感
激。(应用文写作之求助信)
I would be grateful if you could spare some time to review the draft script (which is) attached to
this email and make necessary changes.
(3)在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。(应用文写作之建议信)
You can never attach too much importance to reading during the process of learning a language.
(4)他拿出吊床，拴在树上，惬意地躺在里面，听着他最喜爱的音乐。(读后续写之动作链描
写)
He took out the hammock，attached it to the trees and lay in it comfortably，listening to his
favorite music.
result in导致；造成
·result from由……导致；因……而产生
·as a result因此
as a result of由于……
without result没有结果；徒劳地
(1)用result短语的正确形式填空
Misunderstandings resulting from lack of social communication and，if not handled properly，
may result in more serious problems.As a result，we should master sufficient communicating
skills.
(2)这次活动不仅将提供一个了解中国文化的机会，而且将增进相互理解和友谊。(2023·天津
6月，书面表达)
Not only will the activity provide an opportunity to learn about the Chinese culture but also it will
result in mutual understanding and friendship.
run out用完；耗尽(物作主语，无被动语态)
run out of用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态)
run across偶然遇到
run after追逐；追求
run into撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)
用run短语的正确形式填空(1)The moment we ran across/into a cute wild rabbit，we rode our horses and ran after it in
excitement.
(2)David’s energy was running out but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids，he was
plodding(步履艰难) his way towards the finishing line，bathed in sweat.(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后
续写)
(3)I had run out of all my patience and I began to explode with anger.
动名词短语作主语 Firstly，exploring space has already made a difference in the fight
against world hunger.首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。
exploring space是动名词(短语)在句中作主语。单个动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数；
两个或两个以上用复数，doing 作主语还有以下情况：(1)it 作形式主语：It is no use/no
good/useless doing sth.“做某事没用。”；It is a waste of time doing sth.“做某事浪费时
间。”(2)动名词的复合结构：名词所有格/形容词性物主代词＋doing作主语。
(1)Keeping a keen mind and being determined are(be) what it takes to be successful.
(2)在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼儿，但是我知道感到害怕是没用的，找到走出森林
的路才是我现在必须做的事情。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
Being lost in the forest made my heart in my mouth.But I knew that it was no use feeling
frightened and finding my way out of the forest was what I must do right now.
(3)在我看来，玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。
In my opinion，it is a waste of time playing computer games.
(4)他考试又不及格使他很羞愧，他羞愧地低着头。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)
His failing in the exam again made him ashamed and he hung down his head in shame.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．current
(1)Some birds use warm air currents to help them fly. C
(2)The current money in China is Renminbi. B
(3)We should try our best to go with the current of the times. D
(4)With the current footprint of humanity，“it seems that global collapse is certain to happen in
some form，possibly within a decade，certainly within this century，” Johnson said in an email.
(2021·北京) A
2．otherwise(1)Seize the chance，otherwise you won’t enjoy the beautiful traditional Chinese paintings.
(2021·浙江6月) B
(2)There was some music playing upstairs.Otherwise the house was silent. C
(3)It is not permitted to sell or otherwise distribute copies of past examination papers. A
3．launch
(1)It is confirmed that China will launch more spacecrafts to the moon in the following year. A
(2)The police have launched an investigation into the case，which has resulted in great concerns
nationwide. C
(3)The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson，back in 1993.(2023·新课标Ⅱ，听力) B
(4)After the launch of the products，they have won good praises from customers for their
convenient and high-efficient superior properties. D
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is
monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off-line”
activity.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)监视，监听
(2)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，
but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)正常的；普通的
(3)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.(2020·全
国Ⅲ)vt.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)
(4)Start a business using the help of your local library.If you want to have a business of your own，
your local library can become a launch space for it.(2020·天津7月)启动
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Mr Smith is determined(determine) to seek his fortune in the downtown area.
2．The young man had a strong desire to earn (earn) a living by himself soon after he graduated.
3．He had to seek help from his colleagues for lack of experience.
4．All passengers on board are required to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and
lands.
5．It was wise of him to admit what he had done，otherwise he would have got(get) into series
of trouble.
6．The diversity between minorities often brings about arguments(argue)．
7．There is no denying that mankind activities have a giant impact on global(globe) climate.
8.Afterwards，he seemed to run out of fortune and finally he lost all his possessions.
9．The airport to be complete(complete) next year will definitely bring about many benefits to
the local development.
10．Being blamed(blame) by my father made me so sad that I hid my face in my hands，tearsrolling down my cheeks.
最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下列提供
的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。
1.30%的同学认为太空探索不值得；
2.70%的同学认为值得探索；
3.你的观点。
完成句子
1．人类一直渴望探索太空。(desire to do...)
2．最近，我们班的学生就太空是否值得探索展开了激烈的讨论。(argument；宾语从句)
3．30%的人认为太空探索不值得，认为太空离我们和我们的日常生活太远了。(argue that；
现在分词短语作状语)
4．我们在太空探索上花了太多钱，要不然这些钱本可以用来解决地球上的饥饿和污染等问
题。(otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句；定语从句)
5．70%的人重视太空探索，认为探索太空带来了很多好处，比如利用卫星进行通信和天气
预报。(attach；result in；动名词短语作主语)
6．随着地球上有限的能源逐渐耗尽，我们必须找到解决能源短缺问题的新方法。(with复合
结构；run out)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Humans have always been desiring to explore space.Recently，students in our class have had
a heated argument about whether space is worth exploring.
30% of us argue that space exploration is not worthwhile，thinking space is too far away from
us and our daily life.We have spent too much money on space exploration which otherwise could
have been used to deal with the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the otherhand,70% attach importance to space exploration，believing that exploring space has resulted in a
lot of benefits，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast.
As far as I am concerned，space exploration is worthy to be conducted.With the limited
resources running out on the earth，we must find new ways to settle the problem of energy
shortage.Besides，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving
to other planets one day.
教材语料整合
[情感描写] determined adj.→determine v．；disappointed adj.→disappoint v．
→disappointment n．→disappointing adj.；desire v．& n．→desirable adj.；in
亮
the hope of；keen；shallow
词
[动作描写] launch；leap；carry on；signal；figure out；argue；result in；
monitor；provide for；run out；so as to
1.Looking up at the stars，people have always wanted to learn more about space，and
scientists work hard to find answers.(动作描写)
2.However，some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to
explore space.(情感描写)
3.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desire to explore the
美
universe never died.(情感描写＋无灵主语)
句
4.Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to
understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.(主旨
升华)
5.As a result，space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough
food to feed Earth’s increasing population.(拟人修辞)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：震惊、惊讶(一)
shocked adj.震惊的；stun v．惊呆→stunned adj.惊呆的；amazement n．惊
单 愕；惊诧→amazed adj.惊诧的→amazing adj.令人惊诧的；astonish v．使惊讶
词 →astonishment n．惊讶→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶
的
to one’s shock/surprise/amazement/astonishment令人惊讶的是；wear a look of
词 surprise on one’s face面带惊讶的表情；be numb with surprise/shock惊呆；a
块 look of surprise spread over/flash across one’s face脸上闪过惊讶的表情；too
surprised to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话
1.So stunned was she that she could hardly say any word.(倒装结构)她惊愕得说
句型
不出话来。2.They stopped in their tracks，raised their head and stared at him in amazement.
他们停下脚步，抬起头，惊奇地注视着他。
3.A look of surprise spread over the face of my companion as he listened to my
story.(无灵主语句) 我的同伴听了我的故事，脸上露出惊讶的表情。
4.At the the news of his death，I was so shocked that I went numb.听到他去世的
消息，我太过震惊，呆若木鸡。
5.Rose froze with shock，as if rooted on the ground.(比喻句)罗斯惊呆了，好像
扎根在地上一样。
6.I stared at him in shock and a faint sound of surprise escaped my throat.我惊
愕地盯着他，喉咙里发出微弱的惊愕声。
语料运用 太空事故]
News came that all astronauts on board died during their mission.Hearing the news，people
all over the country ①were numb with shock.②So stunned was the president that(倒装结构) his
throat felt tight，③unable to utter a word(形容词短语作状语)．The disaster made everyone sad
and disappointed，but ④the desire to explore the universe never died.Scientists and astronauts
⑤determined to figure out the reason and carry on their research so as to console those who
sacrificed for the cause and make contributions to all mankind.
消息传来，机上所有宇航员在执行任务时全部遇难。听到这个消息，全国人民都惊呆了。
总统如此震惊，喉咙紧绷，一句话也说不出来。这场灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是
探索宇宙的愿望却没有停止。科学家和宇航员决心找出原因，继续研究，以慰藉那些为航天
事业牺牲的人们，为全人类做出贡献。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
On a hot summer afternoon along the Mandavi River，Shweta Hule wraps her sari around her
ankles and bends to pick wild “weeds” from the river and drop them into a bowl.The plants will
be made into fritters(炸果饼)，to be served at the little restaurant attached to the B&B Hule
manages in the Indian coastal town of Vengurla.
Wild edible(可食用的) plants are common in kitchens here.Hule’s weed is juicy，which is
found in mangrove forests.Harvesting some of the plant is helping conserve the mangroves，a
globally endangered ecosystem of salt-tolerant trees that stop coastal erosion(侵蚀) and absorb
storm damage.
Hule is head of Swamini，a self-help group set up by nine women from a fishing communityin Vengurla who started Mandavi Eco Tourism in 2017.Vengurla is known for its beautiful beaches
and seafood，but the climate crisis has made fishing for a living unsustainable，so people are
trying to find other sources of income.They came up with the idea of running mangrove safaris(观
光游) for tourists in Vengurla’s Mandavi River.
The safaris offer visitors a unique hour-long tour of the mangroves.Food has also become a
key attraction：local spicy coconut curries，with homegrown or wild vegetables.Tourists are
encouraged to go crabbing，and their catch is cooked and served.
Hule only discovered recently that the weed was edible when she met tourists from another
coastal city.She researched these leaves and learned that the salty plant is rich in vitamins.She made
her own version of the fritters，with chickpea flour，and presented it at the wild vegetable
festival.“It was an instant hit.This boosted the confidence to include these fritters in our restaurant
menu，” says Hule.
Swamini’s lodging house also serves vegetarian meals and plates of fish and crab sourced
from the river.“The satisfaction after the visitors enjoy our meal is the real currency.We had guests
from London who were so happy with our food that they took down the recipe.Such people help
our business grow.What more can we want？” says Hule.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Shweta Hule和几位妇女创办Swamini为游客提
供生态旅游和有当地特色的食宿的故事。
1．Which of the following can best describe the example of Shweta Hule?
A．Do as the Romans do.
B．Strike while the iron is hot.
C．Kill two birds with one stone.
D．Bite off more than you can chew.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段的“The plants will be made into...Hule manages in the Indian
coastal town of Vengurla.”和第二段的“Harvesting some of the plant is helping conserve...and
absorb storm damage.”可知，这些杂草可以被制成食物，而且除掉它们有助于保护红树林，
由此推知，Shweta Hule收集杂草的事例可以说是一举两得。故选C。
2．What does Swamini offer to visitors?
A．Eco-tours and accommodation.
B．Fishing guide service.
C．Vegetable growing techniques.
D．Hands-on cooking classes.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段“The safaris offer visitors a unique hour-long tour of themangroves.Food has also become a key attraction...”以及最后一段第一句“Swamini’s lodging
house also serves vegetarian meals and plates of fish and crab sourced from the river.”可知，
Swamini给游客提供生态旅游和食宿。故选A。
3．Why were Hule’s fritters well-received?
A．They were less expensive.
B．They were traditional.
C．They had their own features.
D．They got strongly promoted.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“She made her own version of the fritters，with
chickpea flour，and presented it at the wild vegetable festival.”可知，Hule的炸果饼受欢迎是
因为它们有自己的特色。故选C。
4．How did Hule feel about tourists’ obtaining her food recipe?
A．Lost. B．Proud.
C．Worried. D．Curious.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘The satisfaction after the visitors enjoy our meal is the
real currency...What more can we want？’ says Hule.”可推知，Hule对游客想得到她的食谱
感到非常自豪。故选B。
B★
(2024·广东六校第一次联考)
Booking your next vacation to space with out-of-this-world views could soon be a
reality.Orbital Assembly Corporation announced two new station concepts designed with space
tourism accommodations.One of the stations，called Pioneer，could orbit Earth as early as 2025.
The Gateway Foundation circulated ideas for a space hotel in 2019.The goal of the stations is
to run a space business park that can serve as a home away from home with room for offices and
tourists.Orbital Assembly was founded by the Gateway Foundation team as a way to help make
these dreams come true.
The proposed Pioneer Station can accommodate 28 people.The second station，Voyager，
scheduled to open in 2027，can hold up to 400 people.“The goal has always been to make it
possible for large numbers of people to live，work and thrive in space，” says Orbital
Assembly’s COO Tim Alatorre.
Both stations look like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allows guests to move
comfortably on each station.Pioneer features five modules built around the rotating “Gravity
Ring” architecture design.Tourists may still feel some weightlessness but will also be able to drink
out of a cup and won’t have to be tied to a bed to sleep.The gravity works similar to how aspinning bucket pushes the water out to the sides of the bucket and stays in place，Alatorre
explains.Near the middle of the station，there will be no artificial gravity，but gravity gradually
increases further away from the center.
While the Pioneer Station will be smaller than Voyager，guests can still shower，eat and
drink sitting down in areas with gravity.Each station is furnished like luxury hotels on
Earth.Voyager will feature a restaurant and suites with views of Earth.
A significant barrier to space travel is the cost.However，Orbital Assembly expects tourists to
seek a trek into space as space travel eventually becomes less expensive.“We envision our Pioneer
and Voyager space stations as the ultimate ecotourism destinations.Once people get to space，it
will change their perspective about Earth，” Alatorre says.“Space travel is still at its early
stage，and we’re excited to do our part to push it forward to help improve life on Earth.”
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了先锋号和旅行者号两个空间站的建设和运行构
想。
5．What is the goal of the Pioneer and Voyager space stations?
A．To revolutionize space travel.
B．To serve as luxury hotels in space.
C．To offer a unique and immersive experience.
D．To enable large-scale living and working in space.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The goal of the stations is to run a space business park that
can serve as a home away from home with room for offices and tourists.”可知，先锋号和旅行者
号空间站的目标是使在太空大规模生活和工作成为可能。故选D。
6．What do the Pioneer and Voyager stations have in common?
A．Open time.
B．Artificial gravity.
C．Suites with views.
D．Passenger capacity.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Both stations look like a wheel and will feature artificial
gravity that allows guests to move comfortably on each station.”可知，先锋号和旅行者号空间
站的共同之处在于都有人造重力。故选B。
7．What can we learn from paragraph 4?
A．The “Gravity Ring” rotates around the station.
B．The gravity is weak in the central point of the station.
C．The “Gravity Ring” on Pioneer is identical with that on Voyager.D．The gravity operates like a spinning bucket keeping water inside.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段的“The gravity works similar to how a spinning bucket pushes
the water out to the sides of the bucket and stays in place，Alatorre explains.”可知，重力就像一
个旋转的桶把水锁在里面一样运行。故选D。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Overcoming the Barrier：Space Tourism Becomes Affordable
B．Space Hotels on the Horizon：Pioneer and Voyager Stations
C．The Future of Space Travel：Pioneer and Voyager Stations
D．Orbital Assembly：Space Tourism Dream Comes True
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据第一段以及第三段可知，文章主要介绍了先锋号和旅
行者号两座计划作为太空旅店的空间站的建设和运行构想。所以B选项最适合作为文章标
题。故选B。
C★
When you think about it，food is an important part of our lives.Family gatherings center
around food and the celebration of major life events and milestones involves food in one way or
another.The same holds true for us here on the Space Station.Food is important and ends up usually
being a topic of discussion for almost every crew.
The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many different requirements.What about
variety? How do you meet all of the peculiarities of the people that you come across，especially
when they are from different cultures? What about the logistics(物流)of getting the right food here
at the right time? So there are a couple of different questions you have to consider when you talk
about food and long-duration space flight.
On the U．S.side we have gone to a standard menu，meaning that every 16 days you start
over with the same menu.To compensate the crews，we are allowed to pick one “preference”
container which consists of our pick of anything on the U．S.menu list.This allows us some variety
in our menu，with the choices up to us.One of the desirable options for any crew is to make sure
that enough tortillas(墨西哥薄饼) get on board.You can do so much with a tortilla; it becomes the
vehicle with which to eat almost anything.
Our food also comes packaged in many ways.But no matter what the form of the food
though，you still have the same problem eating it—you do not want it flying away from you and
making a mess when you open it up.In this case a little bit of extra water is extremely helpful.It
keeps the food kind of sticking together and to the package and to your spoon.Small things do
escape from time to time，but we really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem.That
is enough for now！Next time I will write about how to cook in space.9．What does the underlined word “peculiarities” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Ambitious targets.
B．Similar requests.
C．Unusual habits.
D．Extreme conditions.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段开头的“The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many
different requirements.What about variety？”以及后文中“the people that you come across，
especially when they are from different cultures”可知，国际空间站中的宇航员拥有不同的文
化背景，他们会有不同的习惯，这对别人而言有可能不寻常，因此可以推测，peculiarities
的意思应是“不寻常的习惯”。故选C。
10．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning tortillas?
A．To illustrate the preference container.
B．To give an example of standard menu.
C．To advocate tortillas to the readers.
D．To show the variety of food options.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。第三段第二句提到“To compensate the crews，we are allowed to pick one
‘preference’ container which consists of our pick of anything on the U．S.menu list.”，结合
“One of the desirable options”可以得知，作者提到tortillas的用意是举例解释宇航员们的
“preference container”。故选A。
11．What can be inferred about eating in space?
A．Food packaging is optional.
B．Sufficient water helps transport food.
C．Flying food problem is unavoidable.
D．Eating in space is easier than most imagine.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Small things do escape from time to time，but we
really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem.”可以得知，食物乱飞的情况是无
法完全避免的，只能尽力减少。故选C。
12．Where is the text most probably taken from?
A．A food magazine.
B．An astronaut’s journal.
C．A sci-fi handbook.D．A space history website.
答案 B
解析 文章出处题。根据第一段中的“The same holds true for us here on the Space Station.”
以及最后一段中的“Next time I will write about how to cook in space.”可以得知，本文以第
一人称来陈述太空饮食方面的内容，因此本文应该是出自一篇宇航员的太空日志。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五★
The 24-year-old female commander(指挥员) Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo
since the Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful
launch of the Chang’e 5 lunar probe(月球探测器) on 24 November.Social media users have been
referring to her as a “source of pride” for the country. 1 Several people jokingly reflected
on their own achievements，commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison.
Starting in 2004 ， the Chang’e Programme consists of three
stages：“orbiting”，“landing” and “returning”． 2 In December 2013，the goal of
China’s first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved
by the lander of Chang’e 3 and Yutu lunar rover.Last year，Chang’e 4 probe made the first-ever
soft landing on the far side of the moon.
The Chang’e 5 mission is China’s third successful moon landing in seven years. 3 If it
were successful，China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the
United States and the Soviet Union.
Most Chinese people know the mythological story of Chang’e，the Chinese goddess of the
moon.People can’t hear the word “Chang’e” without picturing romantic images of a moon
goddess. 4 And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over the state media，with
comments about how she is a “front-line soldier in the field of aerospace” and a “big sister”
that the young Chinese can look up to.
However，the huge amount of interest in the native of Guizhou Province has not appeared to
have had much of an effect on her. 5
A．Her story in particular has inspired the public，considering her young age.
B．She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work.
C．However，China has been trying to highlight strong female figures in the country.
D．Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon.
E．Despite her young age，Zhou is now working at the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center.
F．For this reason，China’s mission to the moon has been calling for a strong female figure.
G．China completed the “orbiting” stage by launching Chang’e 1 and Chang’e 2 lunar
probes in 2007 and 2010.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了与“嫦娥五号”有关的24岁的女航天发射指
挥员周承钰的事迹，同时也介绍了我国的“嫦娥工程”。1．答案 A
解析 根据上文可知，她被称为“中国的骄傲”。再根据下文可知，一些人开始反思自己与
周承钰的差距。A项(尤其是考虑到她如此年轻，她的故事令公众感到鼓舞)能够承上启下。
故选A。
2．答案 G
解析 根据上文提到始于2004年的嫦娥工程由三个阶段组成和下文提到 2013年12月实现
了着陆的目标可知，G项(通过2007年发射的“嫦娥一号”和2010年发射的“嫦娥二号”，
中国完成了“绕行”这个阶段)符合语境，在时间上承接了上文的2004年，并与下文的2013
年呼应。故选G。
3．答案 D
解析 根据上文“‘嫦娥五号’任务是中国在七年内第三次成功登月”和下文“中国将成为
继美国和苏联后第三个把月球样本带回地球的国家”可知，D项(它的目标是收集月球岩石
和土壤以帮助科学家更多地了解月球)符合语境，承上启下。故选D。
4．答案 F
解析 根据上文人们对嫦娥的浪漫想象和下文提到的周承钰的照片遍及国内媒体可推知，F
项(正是这个原因，中国登月的任务一直需要一个有影响力的女性人物)符合语境，选项中的
this reason指代上文内容。故选F。
5．答案 B
解析 根据上文“人们对这位贵州本地人的巨大兴趣似乎并没有对她产生多大影响”可推知，
B项(为了专注于她的工作，她多次拒绝了采访请求)符合语境，说明了出名没有给她带来很
大影响。故选B。
