文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．adversity n．困境；逆境
2．expedition n．探险；远征；探险队
3．endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力
4．cupboard n．橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
5．steward n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员
6．crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n．拥挤的人群
7．stove n．炉具；厨房灶具
8．banjo n．班卓琴(乐器)
9．voyage n．& vi.航海；航行
10．navy n．海军；海军部队
11．decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的
12．cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的
13．crew n．(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
14．rugby n．橄榄球运动
15．corporate adj.公司的；法人的；社团的
16．navigator n．领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者
17．episode n．(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
18．motive n．动机；原因；目的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．wage n．工资
2．bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．vigour(NAmE vigor) n．精力；力量；活力
4．sink vi.(sank/sunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没5．abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃
6．blanket n．毯子
7．miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
8．good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好的/坏的
9．genuine adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
10．thorough adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的
11．furniture n．家具
12．bark vi.& n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问
13．bat n．球拍；蝙蝠 vi.& vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打
14．damp adj.潮湿的；湿气重的
15．recreation n．娱乐；消遣；游戏
16．nephew n．侄子；外甥
17．rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
18．motor n．发动机；马达 adj.有引擎的；机动车的
19．candidate n．候选人；应试者
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify v．(使)具有资格；
(使)合格→qualification n．资格；资历；资格证书
2．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv.热情地→enthusiasm n．热情；热
忱
3．aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board v．上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车
等)；寄宿 n．木板；董事会；伙食
4．assign vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n．任务；作业；分配
5．envy n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的
6．belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产→belong vi.属于；应在(某处)
7．selfish adj.自私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n．自私
8．perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求
9．resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决
议；解决；坚定；决心
10．cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n．残忍；残
酷
11．unfortunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地→fortunately (反) adv.幸运地→fortune n．运气；财
产→fortunate adj.幸运的
12．guidance n．指导；引导；导航→guide n．导游；指南 vt.带领；引导；为……领路
13．advertising n．广告活动；广告业→advertise vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n．广告；宣传
14．loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n．忠诚；忠实
15．commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献→commit vt.犯(错误、罪行等) vi.& vt.(使)承担义务；
(使)作出保证→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
1．reel /riːl/ vi.蹒跚；踉跄
2．fasten /'fɑːsn/ vt.& vi.系牢；扣紧；关住
3．invulnerable /In'vʌlnərəbl/ adj.无懈可击的；打不败的→vulnerable /'vʌlnərəbl/ adj.易受伤
的；脆弱的
be vulnerable to sth易受……伤害的
4．glimpse /ɡlImps/ vt.瞥见；看一眼 n．一瞥；短暂的感受
5．confine /kən'faIn/ vt.限制；监禁；使离不开
confine...to把……局限于；把……限制于
6．resemble /rI'zembl/ vt.像；与……相似
7．sparkle /'spɑːkl/ vi.闪耀；闪闪发光
8．fuss /fʌs/ n．无谓的激动；大惊小怪；小题大做
make a fuss (about sth)(因某事)大惊小怪
9．forbid /fə'bId/ vt.(forbade /fə'bæd；fə'beId/，forbidden /fə'bIdn/) 禁止；不许
forbid sb from (doing sth) 禁止某人(做某事)
10．halt /hɔːlt/ vi.停止 vt.阻止 n．停止；暂停
come to a halt停止；停滞
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．turn sb down拒绝(某人)
2．make fire生火
3．give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
4．dream of/about梦想
5．at the age of在……岁时
6．be enthusiastic about对……充满热情
7．become/be stuck in陷于
8．throw away扔掉
9．manage to do sth 设法做成某事
10．go from bad to worse每况愈下
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries.(全部倒装)
以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记摘录。2．Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue
our most essential supplies—the small boats，our food，the cook stove，candles，clothes，and
blankets.(before引导的时间状语从句)
在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把我们召集在一起，告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品——
小船、食物、炉子、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。
3．How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees！(as...as...)
我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
4．It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere.(as long as “只要”)
只要你坚持，最终就会成功。
5．If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.(if引导的虚拟条件句)
要是没有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．adversity n．困境；逆境
2．expedition n．探险；远征；探险队
3．endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力
4．motive n．动机；原因；目的
5．steward n． ( 轮船、飞机或火车上的 ) 乘务员；服务员
6．crew n． ( 轮船、飞机等上面的 ) 全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
7．cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的
8．voyage n．& vi.航海；航行
9．episode n． ( 人生的 ) 一段经历； ( 小说的 ) 片段；插曲
10．decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
2．sink vi.沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
3．abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃
4．rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
5．miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
6．genuine adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
7．candidate n．候选人；应试者
8．thorough adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的
9．bark vi.& n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问10．bat n．球拍；蝙蝠 vi.& vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board v．上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车
等)；寄宿 n．木板；董事会；伙食
2．envy n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的
3．selfish adj.自私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n．自私
4．advertising n．广告活动；广告业→advertise vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement
n．广告；宣传
5．loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n．忠诚；忠实
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．fasten vt.& vi.系牢；扣紧；关住
2．vulnerable adj.易受伤的；脆弱的
3．glimpse vt.瞥见；看一眼 n．一瞥；短暂的感受
4．resemble vt.像；与……相似
5．forbid vt.禁止；不许
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．go from bad to worse 每况愈下
2．make fire 生火
3．manage to do sth 设法做成某事
4．at the age of 在……岁时
5．be enthusiastic about 对……充满热情
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分)
1．The woman is always so enthusiastic about her career that many people are affected by her
enthusiasm.(enthusiastic)
2．It feels terrible to be treated cruelly，but the sad truth is that the cruelty is generally ignored
by others.(cruel)
3．Instead of resolving to lose weight，try a practical resolution：“I’ll stop having dessert
for lunch.”(resolve)
4．Fortunately，he was fortunate enough to receive a large fortune from his uncle but
unfortunately，his mother fell ill.(fortune)
5．He committed himself to working day and night and his commitment won him a great
reputation.(commit)
6．He persevered with his violin lessons.It was his perseverance that enabled him to become a
distinguished violinist.(persevere)7．He has educational qualifications and hence he is well qualified for the job as a tutor.(qualify)
8.Unfortunately，all his belongings have been stolen，so nothing belongs to him.(belong)
9．Under the guidance of the qualified guide，we traveled around the places of interest very
happily.(guide)
10．He assigned me to the difficult assignment，so I couldn’t waste any time.(assign)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．What is known to us all is that not giving off waste gas is an advantage of riding bicycles.
2．His positive attitude inspired many people who were stuck in illness.
3．People are recycling many things that were thrown away in the past.
4．The young man was turned down by the company，which was beyond our wild expectations.
5．My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．以下是一些你渴望了解的相关信息，这对你的汉语学习可能有很大的帮助。(全部倒装)
Below is some relevant information you desire to know，which can be of great benefit to your
Chinese learning.
2．我们必须给花浇足够的水，这是很有必要的。(as...as...)
We must give flowers as much water as they need，which is very necessary.
3．做最终决定前，我将询问您的建议。(before引导的时间状语从句)
Before I make a final decision，I will ask you for your advice.
4．只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京上大学期间拥有最难忘的经历。(as long as)
As long as you take my advice，you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience during
your college in Beijing.
5．如果我是你，我肯定会充分利用时间来提高我的学业成绩。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If I were you ， I would certainly make full use of the time to improve my academic performance.
Born in a wealthy family，my nephew，Jack，leads such a thoroughly decent and cosy
life 1.that he hardly meets with cruel adversities.He has been dreaming of 2.an adventure since
he was young.At 18，Jack resolved 3.to join(join) an expedition advertised in the newspaper，
but the leader turned him down because he thought Jack was not qualified.Full of vigour，
Jack never abandoned his dream for he was so enthusiastic about a great
voyage.4.Fortunately(fortunate)，at 19，he joined the navy but was assigned to be a steward
with low wages.On a bitter cold day，the crew went aboard a massive ship bound for Atlantic
Ocean.Jack was genuine，good-tempered and loyal and he wasn’t selfish，either.He often
played the banjo for recreation,5.so people on the ship all liked him.Unfortunately，one
day，the motor broke down and the ship got 6.crushed(crush) on a huge iceberg.When the shipsank，their hearts also sank.At that time，the calm captain made a 7.commitment(commit) to save
them and commanded them to throw away their 8.belongings(belong) such as stoves，blankets，
bats，cupboards and other pieces of furniture.Finally，they were fortunate enough to escape
the ship.9. It was their endurance，resolution and perseverance that helped them survive.On
the distant island，Jack managed to make fire with animal fat，which gave off a smelly smell
and then he cooked sea animals.One month later，they were saved by a passing ship.In summary，
it has been a miserable but 10.unforgettable(forgettable) episode in Jack’s life.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)(qualify v．使有资格
qualification n．资格；学历)
·be qualified for/to do sth有……的资格/有资格做某事
·qualify sb for sth/to do sth 使某人有资格做某事
·have the qualification for/to do sth 有……的资格/有资格做某事
(1)Now that you have gained your teaching qualification，I am sure you will be qualified for the
job they advertised on the newspaper.(qualify)
(2)我参加过几个类似的活动，使我能胜任这个志愿者工作。(应用文写作之申请信)
I have taken part in several similar activities，which will qualify me for the voluntary work.
(3)我的英语很好，我确信我可以胜任这份工作。(应用文写作之申请信)
Having a good command of English， I ’ m confident that I will be qualified for the job/have the
qualification for/to do the job.
enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的(enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地 enthusiasm n．
热情；热忱)
·be enthusiastic about(doing)sth 对(做)某事有热情
·lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)热情地
(1)They listened with great interest and then enthusiastically(enthusiastic) joined in grand
conversations about Harry’s adventures.
(2)我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(申请信之
个人优势)
I am not only full of enthusiasm but also easy to get along/on with，which makes me qualified for
the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
(3)得知您对中国传统文化充满热情，我写信邀请您参加一场关于儒家思想的讲座。(应用文写作之邀请信)
Learning that you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese culture，I am writing to invite you to a
lecture on Confucianism.
aboard. adv & prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)[board vt.& vi.上船(或火车、飞机、公
共汽车等) n．木板；董事会；伙食 broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的 abroad adv.在/到国外；
在/到海外]
·go aboard上船(飞机、公共汽车等)
·on board 在船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)上
·go abroad出国
(1)他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，总是满面笑容。(读后续写之外貌描写)
He is tall with broad shoulders and a beard and always wears a broad smile.
(2)得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。(应用文写作之告知信)
Learning that you will go abroad for further study，I’m writing to inform you of some necessary
dos and don’ts.
(3)他们在上火车前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车消失。
They had said goodbye to each other before going aboard/boarding the train，but the mother kept
waving hands to her daughter on board until the train went out of sight.
envy n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌(envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的)
·with envy羡慕地；忌妒地
green with envy忌妒得眼红；十分羡慕/忌妒
·envy sb (doing) sth 羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事
·be envious of羡慕；妒忌
(1)He said with envy，“I am envious(envy) of you，because you are leading such a cosy and
decent life.”
(2)老实说，我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号，我应该向你学习。
Honestly speaking，I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow
your example.
(3)我的侄子是一个充满活力和毅力的年轻人，对此我非常羡慕。
My nephew is a young man full of vigour and perseverance，for which I am green with
envy.
abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 n．放任；放纵(abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵
的)
·abandon oneself to (doing) sth 沉湎于(做)某事；纵情于(做)某事abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
·with abandon 放纵地；放任地
·be abandoned to (doing) sth 沉湎于(做)某事
(1)Unfortunately，the crew abandoned carrying(carry) out the experiment for lack of fund.
(2)你沉湎于过去的辉煌是不明智的，你应该记住，不进则退。
It is unwise of you to abandon yourself to/be abandoned to the past glory，and you should keep in
mind that not to advance is to go back.
(3)我们放纵地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，忘却了生活中的烦恼。(读后续写之情感描写)
We sang ， danced ， and laughed with abandon ，forgetting the troubles in our lives.
resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念(resolution n．决
议；解决；坚定)
·resolve to do sth 决定做某事
·make a resolution (to do sth)下定决心(做某事)
(1)Generally，the older you are，the more likely you will come to a resolution(resolve) after an
argument.
(2)文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它们。(话题写作
之文化遗产与保护)
Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors，so our country has resolved to spare no
effort to protect them.
(3)为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地为他人着想。(话题写作之人际沟通)
To resolve conflicts，we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
(4)老人决定，死后要把所有的财产都赠送给那些被遗弃的孩子们。
The old man had made a resolution/resolved that he would give away all his belongings to the
abandoned children after his death.
as...as... How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees！我
怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
as...as...意为“和……一样……”，表示同级比较。其中第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词
或介词。其基本用法为：as＋adj./adv.＋as...，还有如下用法：
·否定式：not as/so＋adj./adv.＋as...
·倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as...
·as much/many＋名词＋as...
(1)他和我一样勤奋，因此，他已取得了和我一样大的进步。He is as hard-working as me，so he has made as much progress as me.
(2)在我看来，这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。
As far as I am concerned，the book is not as/so interesting as you think.
(3)我们投入的时间和精力是其他同学的两倍，所以我深信老师们会高度评价我们的项目。
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
We devoted twice as much time and energy as other students did，so I was greatly convinced that
our project would be highly thought of by our teachers.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．rough
A.汹涌的；风浪很大的 B.崎岖的 C.粗略的 D.艰难的 E.粗鲁的
(1)I can’t tolerate sailing in rough sea. A
(2)The western half of the U．S.was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough
number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans.(2023·全国甲) C
(3)I don’t know how to release the pressure in such a rough time. D
(4)The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it now. B
(5)He is such a rough child that he doesn’t behave himself. E
2．bitter
(1)She is very bitter about losing her job. E
(2)I’ve learnt from bitter experience not to trust what he says. A
(3)Outside，a bitter east wind is accompanied by flurries of snow. C
(4)Traditional Chinese medicine usually tastes bitter and is hard to swallow. D
(5)With no one to resolve their dispute，the two sides are locked into a bitter conflict. B
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)To my sadness，my son was abandoned to playing online games.沉湎于
(2)She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former mistakes.真诚的
(3)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.洗涤槽，水槽
(4)Boiling with extreme anger，he barked a series of questions at his crew. 厉声质问
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．My heart sank/sunk(sink) when I was informed that my moderate reforms ended up in
failure.
2 ． When I submitted the regulations I designed to my boss ， he turned me downimmediately.
3.Dozens of workers are qualified(qualify) for their jobs in the international firm.
4．Our monitor is enthusiastic about creating a harmonious campus and he often launches some
campaigns to promote it.
5．These policies will be abandoned(abandon) because of financial problems next year.
6．We have resolved to reduce(reduce) our carbon footprint by restricting the amount of
carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
7．Fortunately(fortunate)，I succeeded in seizing this precious chance to be a volunteer in the
activity.
8．I promise that I will be loyal to the enterprise and I will never quit my job.
9．Riding bicycles benefits the environmental conservation because they won’t give off waste
gases.
10．The enterprises have thoroughly(thorough) implemented what they have promised to the
public.
假如你是李华，向某英文报纸《伟人介绍》栏目投稿。简要介绍英国极地探险家——欧
内斯特·沙克尔顿Ernest Shackleton1874－1922。其主要成就如下：英国极地探险家，曾带
领英国探险队三次前往南极洲，是南极探险英雄时代的主要人物之一。在他第三次带领探险
队奔赴南极探险时，他与“坚忍号”的船员们在极地700多天的求生经历，创造了20世纪
一次伟大的生还奇迹。
完成句子
1．欧内斯特·沙克尔顿是一位伟大的极地探险家，他对极地探险充满热情，一生带领英国探
险队三次前往南极洲。(be enthusiastic about；定语从句)
2．以下是他的一些探险经历和成就。(全部倒装句)
3．他的第三次南极探险是一个非凡的奇迹。(as...as...)
4．面对严峻的极地条件，他没有放弃他的团队，坚定地带领他们走出困境。(abandon；
resolve)
5．如果没有他的英明领导，他和他的团队就不会在极地待了700多天后还能活下来。(if引
导虚拟条件句)组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Ernest Shackleton was a great polar explorer who had been enthusiastic about polar
exploration and led three British expeditions to the Antarctic throughout his life.Below are some of
his expedition experiences and achievements.
He was one of the leading figures during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.His third
expedition to the Antarctic was as extraordinary as a great miracle.Faced with tough polar
conditions，he didn’t abandon his team and firmly resolved to lead them to go out of difficulty.If
there hadn’t been his wise leadership，he and his team wouldn’t have survived after more than
700 days in the polar region.
I was inspired by his spirit，realizing that we must have courage and perseverance when
facing any difficulties.
教材语料整合
[情感描写] bitter adj.→bitterly adv.；enthusiastic adj.→enthusiastically
adv.；envy n．/v.→envious adj.；miserable；decent；cosy；selfish；
good/bad-tempered；genuine；resolve v．→resolution n．；cruel
亮词 adj.→cruelty n．；loyal adj.→loyalty n．；commitment n．→committed
adj.
[动作描写] turn sb down；assign；sink；abandon；voyage；persevere；
bark；bat；make fire；give off
1.At the age of 19，I am fit and full of vigour.(人物描写)
2.And when the ship sank，our hearts sank with it.(情感描写)
3.Their genuine concern for others，their perseverance，and their resolve fill me
with hope.(排比)
4.We felt so alone and desperate.(情感描写)
美句
5.If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.(虚拟语气)
6.When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could
not hide our tears.(情感描写)
7.Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive.
(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：“动胳膊”单词 hug v．/n.拥抱；wave v．挥舞(手臂)；raise v．举起，抬起
wave one’s arms 挥动双臂；fold one’s arms 某人双臂交叉；hold out/open one’s
arms 某人伸出/张开双臂；pull/gather sb into one’s arms 把某人拉/抱在怀中；
词块 put/throw one’s arms around sb搂住某人；take one’s arm挽住某人的胳
膊；catch/grab one’s arm抓住某人的胳膊；with crossed arms双臂交叉；arm in
arm手挽手，臂挽臂
1.He stood there with crossed arms，looking angry.他双臂交叉站在那里，看起来
很生气。
2.They are sure to welcome you with open arms.他们一定会张开双臂欢迎你的。
3.Walking in front of us were two cute twin sisters，arm in arm.走在我们面前的是两
句型 个可爱的双胞胎姐妹，手挽着手。
4.Stunned，I stood up and gave her an awkward hug/hugged her in an awkward
way.我很惊讶，站起来尴尬地拥抱了她。
5.He parked down the street from Bobby’s house，and rushed to his front door，
waving wildly inwards.他把车停在鲍比家的街上，冲到前门，疯狂地向里挥手。
语料运用 野外探险遭遇
Tom and Mary were a young couple ①who were enthusiastic about wild exploration(定语从
句)．One day when going through a thick jungle，the wife，Mary got seriously injured in the
ankle.Worse still，it began to rain.At first，② Tom took Mary ’ s arm ，trying to support her
along the way，but soon they found it didn’t work.The pain was so intense ③that they had to
abandon their plan.When the rain became heavier and the sun was setting，④ their heart also
began to sink.⑤Bitter and frightened(形容词短语作状语)，Mary almost broke down.Tom tried to
comfort her，⑥throwing his arms around his wife gently(分词短语作状语)．Tightly grabbing
Tom’s arm ， Mary gradually calmed down and ⑦resolved to face the difficulty
bravely.Fortunately，they managed to call the rangers before losing signal.What they should do
next was to ⑧make some fire to avoid being frozen to death on such a bitter night.Afterwards，
they had nothing to do but wait patiently.⑨Gathering his wife into his arms，Tom heard some
roars of helicopter.He immediately rose to his feet and ⑩waved his arms violently，shouting
loudly “Help！Help！” in extreme excitement.
汤姆和玛丽是一对热衷于野外探险的年轻夫妇。一天，在穿过茂密的丛林时，妻子玛丽
的脚踝受了重伤。更糟糕的是，天开始下雨了。起初，汤姆挽着玛丽的胳膊，试图一路扶着
她走，但很快他们发现这不管用。玛丽的脚太疼了他们不得不放弃他们的计划。当雨下得更
大，太阳落山时，他们的心也开始下沉。玛丽又痛苦又害怕，几乎崩溃了。汤姆温柔地搂着
妻子试图安慰她。玛丽紧紧抓住汤姆的胳膊，渐渐平静下来，决心勇敢地面对困难。幸运的
是，他们设法在失去信号之前给护林员打了电话。他们接下来应该做的是生火，以免在这样一个寒冷的夜晚被冻死。之后，他们只能耐心等待。汤姆把妻子抱在怀里，听到了直升机的
轰鸣声。他立即站起来，猛烈地挥舞着手臂，极度激动地大声喊道：“救命！救命！”
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A★
There’s another universe not far from land.It lacks buildings，trees，cars，cellphones and
the Internet.Seemingly limitless water extends uninterruptedly in all directions.Civilization goes
away，along with any sign of humanity.And it is why I’m really into sailing.I grew up around
boats.My father liked sailing and built them.My older sister and I were stuffed into a car nearly
every summer weekend until my late teens to make the trip from northeast Indiana to the south
shore of Lake Erie in Ohio，where Talisman built by my father waited patiently through the week.
As a kid，I read the adventures of Robin Lee Graham，a traveller exploring the sea alone，in
the pages of National Geographic and，later，in Graham’s book，Dove.However，it wasn’t
until about 20 years ago，well into my adulthood，that I took up sailing in a serious way.I’ve
made voyages in fair and stormy weather，on my own boats and those of my friends，and ranging
from nearshore day sails to blue-water passages.
Still，I’ve made plenty of mistakes.While living in Asia，a sailing friend and I set off
across the South China Sea and intended to get to Thailand，only to be pushed by a late-season
typhoon that forced us to make landfall in Vietnam，glad to be alive.
Years later，my wife and I lived aboard our 37-foot ship，Symbiosis，while we saved
enough to take a two-year leave from our jobs to journey down the U．S.Atlantic coast and
through the Bahamas and the Caribbean.We visited many places that never see ships or airplanes
and that are nearly impossible to reach anyway other than at the helm(舵柄) of a small boat.But
boats are expensive and time-consuming.After returning from the Caribbean a few years ago，we
decided to sell Symbiosis，resolving instead to sail only “other people’s boats”．It didn’t
last，though.A few months ago，we found a good deal on a smaller sailboat—easier to maintain
but still capable of some short offshore journeys.I think we’ll name her Talisman.
1．What would the author do on summer weekends as a kid?
A．He would help his father build Talisman.
B．He would sail with his father and his sister.
C．He would explore northeast Indiana in a car.
D．He would bring human civilization to sailing.
答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的“My father liked sailing and built them.My older sister and I
were stuffed into a car nearly every summer weekend until my late teens to make the trip from
northeast Indiana to the south shore of Lake Erie in Ohio...through the week.”可知，作者小时候
会在夏天的周末与父亲和妹妹一起航海。故选B。
2．What can we learn about the book Dove?
A．It has something to do with exploring the sea.
B．It was published in National Geographic.
C．It is the most famous work by Graham.
D．It was an inspiration for the author’s writing.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“As a kid，I read the adventures of Robin Lee Graham，a
traveller exploring the sea alone，in the pages of National Geographic and，later，in Graham’s
book，Dove.”可推断，这本书与海上探索有关。故选A。
3．Why did the author sell his ship Symbiosis?
A．It didn’t function well.
B．He couldn’t afford to maintain it.
C．He found a better one to replace it.
D．It was damaged seriously during a storm.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But boats are expensive and time-consuming.After
returning from the Caribbean a few years ago，we decided to sell Symbiosis，resolving instead to
sail only ‘other people’s boats’．”可知，Symbiosis既昂贵又耗时。由此可知，作者付不
起保养的钱。故选B。
4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?
A．To show his passion for sailing boats.
B．To stress the influence of adventures on him.
C．To discuss the problems of sailing on the sea.
D．To share his success in exploring the world.
答案 A
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段中“And it is why I’m really into sailing.”和下文的描述可
知，作者写这篇文章的目的是通过记叙自己的过往，展现出对航海的热爱。故选A。
B
The World Economic Forum predicts the global population will hit 9.8 billion by 2050，
which means we might need to grow as much as double the amount of food we do today and do it
without significantly consuming limited resources such as land and water.But there are reasons to be positive.Historically ， human intelligence has risen to the
population challenge.8,000 years ago in the first agricultural revolution ， the plough( 犁 )
transformed productivity.In the 1800s，inventions such as the seed drill brought a degree of
mechanization to farming.Then，in the mid-20th century，there were major breakthroughs in
artificial fertilizer and plant science.
Now ， we are entering a fourth age of agriculture.Innovation is exploding.The digital
transformation of agriculture is not theory.It’s real.And it’s having a huge impact across all
aspects of farming.
In April 2020，Chinese drone(无人机) maker XAG organized a rice seeding demonstration in
Guangdong Province.First，it invited two workers to spread 5kg of rice seeds the traditional way
by wading across 1,200 square metres of waterlogged field.The laborious process took 25
minutes.Then it unleashed(释放) its XAG XPlanet drone on the same task.The unmanned aerial
system followed a pre-programmed route and threw rice seeds from the air.It completed the job in
120 seconds.XAG claims its system can use up to 90 percent less water and 30 percent fewer
chemicals than traditional technique.
Barcelona-based startup Faromatics has also attracted a lot of attention for its EU-funded
invention：a robot called the ChickenBoy.It lets chicken farmers autonomously monitor their
stock.The robot glides along the ceiling and uses a set of sensors to measure temperature，air
quality ， light and sound in poultry housing.Farmers can use a cloud platform to set the
ChickenBoy to send mobile alerts.
The task of feeding 9.8 billion mouths by 2050 is one of the greatest facing humanity，but
thanks to technology，there is good reason to be confident for the future.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是预计到2050年世界人口要达到98亿，要
养活这些人是人类面临的最重大的任务之一，但智能农业的发展使人类有充分的理由对未来
充满信心。
5．What is the purpose of paragraph 2?
A．To express the author’s confidence in the human wisdom.
B．To tell us some challenges in the agricultural development.
C．To show us the present situation of the world food shortage.
D．To call on the government to take some effective measures.
答案 A
解析 写作意图题。根据第二段中的“But there are reasons to be positive.Historically，human
intelligence has risen to the population challenge.”可推知，第二段是为了表达作者对人类的智
慧充满信心。故选A项。
6．What is the advantage of XAG XPlanet drone?A．It saves more money than the manual seeding.
B．It’s more efficient and environmentally friendly.
C．It can rapidly reduce wastage and improve yields.
D．It helps farmers make better decisions about seeding.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“It completed the job in 120 seconds.XAG claims its
system can use up to 90 percent less water and 30 percent fewer chemicals than traditional
technique.”可知，XAG XPlanet无人机的用时很短，比传统技术省水，而且使用的化学物质
更少，由此可知，XAG XPlanet无人机效率高而且环保。故选B项。
7．What can be inferred about the ChickenBoy?
A．Its system needs to be improved.
B．It aims to attract farmers’ attention.
C．It was invented by a chicken farmer.
D．It helps farmers look after the chicken.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The robot glides along the ceiling and uses a set of
sensors to measure temperature，air quality，light and sound in poultry housing.Farmers can use a
cloud platform to set the ChickenBoy to send mobile alerts.”可知，机器人可监测家禽房内的温
度、空气质量、光线和声音，而农民只需要使用云平台对 ChickenBoy进行操作。由此推知，
ChickenBoy帮助农民照顾家禽。故选D项。
8．What does “human intelligence” refer to in the passage?
A．Smart farming.
B．Agricultural revolution.
C．Plant science.
D．Artificial intelligence.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段和第三段“Now，we are entering a fourth age of
agriculture.Innovation is exploding.The digital transformation of agriculture is not theory.It’s
real.And it’s having a huge impact across all aspects of farming.”并结合下文中列举的XAG
XPlanet无人机播种和ChickenBoy的案例可知，本文中的human intelligence应该指的是“智
能农业”。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Natalie and Callie，both 13 years old，started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020.
But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species，their 1 soon turned into a
serious mission.They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 2 since the early 1990s，
due to habitat 3 and widespread use of chemicals，which made the milkweeds(马利筋草)
the monarchs 4 for their main diet dangerous to eat.
So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden 5 for the
monarchs.The garden grew organic milkweeds that 6 and kept the butterflies.To help 7
the locals to sustain the monarch population，they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the
local library.They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town，but it 8 a lot.To cover
the expense，they set up a stand at the farmers’ market to sell their 9 milkweeds for people
to plant.Although the fundraising days were 10 ，they finally succeeded in earning enough
money with their hard work and people’s support.
The team has won the Silver Award for their 11 of taking care of butterflies，but they
are not 12 with their work.“Our next step is to cut down on the use of 13 to guarantee
a safe environment for the monarchs，” said Natalie.In the award ceremony，their teacher Brian
14 ，“I am so proud of them for their constant 15 .”
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩娜塔莉和卡莉从养帝王蝶的爱好
到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事。
1．A.dream B．hobby
C．career D．decision
答案 B
解析 dream梦想；hobby业余爱好；career事业；decision决定。由上文的“started raising
monarch butterflies for fun”和下文的“turned into a serious mission”可知，一开始养帝王蝶
是一种爱好，但因帝王蝶的濒危现状，她们的爱好就变成了一项严肃的保护任务。故选B。
2．A.doubled B．aged
C．declined D．exploded
答案 C
解析 double(使)加倍；age 变老；decline 减少，下降；explode 爆炸。由上文的“the
monarchs were an endangered species”可知，帝王蝶已经濒危，数量应该是减少了。故选
C。
3．A.management B．assessment
C．selection D．destruction
答案 D
解析 由上文的“the monarchs were an endangered species”并结合常识可知，帝王蝶的栖息
地遭到破坏是其数量减少乃至濒危的原因之一。故选D。
4．A.relied on B．kept off
C．broke down D．gave away答案 A
解析 rely on依赖；keep off避开；break down出故障；give away捐赠。由下文的“for their
main diet”可知，此处指帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物是马利筋草。故选A。
5．A.partly B．secretly
C．rarely D．specially
答案 D
解析 由下文的“The garden grew organic milkweeds”可推知，这是专门为帝王蝶种植马利
筋草的本土花园。故选D。
6．A.attracted B．protected
C．monitored D．trapped
答案 A
解析 attract吸引；protect保护；monitor监视；trap使落入险境。由上文的“for their main
diet”和下文的“and kept the butterflies”可知，马利筋草会吸引并留住帝王蝶。故选A。
7．A.employ B．educate
C．force D．limit
答案 B
解析 由下文的“they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library”可知，她
们举办关于帝王蝶的展览的目的是教育当地人保护帝王蝶，呼应下文的“They also wanted
to put up an educational sign in town”。故选B。
8．A.meant B．cost
C．changed D．hurt
答案 B
解析 mean 意味着；cost 花费；change 改变；hurt 伤害。根据下文的“To cover the
expense”和“the fundraising days”可知，因为花费很大，所以需要筹款。故选B。
9．A.dry B．medical
C．healthy D．wild
答案 C
解析 由上文的“The garden grew organic milkweeds”和常识可知，她们种植的是有机的马
利筋草，所以卖给人们种植的马利筋草应该是健康的。故选C。
10．A.pleasing B．light
C．long D．disappointing
答案 C
解析 由上文的“Although”和下文的“they finally succeeded in earning enough money”可
知，前后存在转折关系，即虽然筹款花了很长时间，但她们最终赚到了足够的钱。故选C。
11．A.project B．conceptC．schedule D．assignment
答案 A
解析 project项目；concept概念；schedule计划；assignment任务。呼应上文的“So the
girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden for the
monarchs.”，此处指两个女孩为保护帝王蝶而做的项目。故选A。
12．A.concerned B．connected
C．finished D．occupied
答案 C
解析 由下文的“Our next step is to...”可知，她们还有保护帝王蝶的下一步计划，说明她
们保护帝王蝶的工作尚未完成。故选C。
13．A.chemicals B．time
C．funds D．energy
答案 A
解析 由上文的“widespread use of chemicals”和“their main diet dangerous to eat”可知，
因化学物质的广泛使用，帝王蝶的食物不安全，所以要减少化学品的使用。故选A。
14．A.quoted B．continued
C．replied D．commented
答案 D
解析 quote引用；continue继续；reply依靠；comment评论。由下文的“I am so proud of
them”可知，这是老师布莱恩评论的话语。故选D。
15．A.donations B．support
C．patience D．efforts
答案 D
解析 donation捐赠(物)；support支持；patience耐心；effort努力。由上文语境可知，二人
为了保护帝王蝶不仅给帝王蝶种食物，做保护帝王蝶的宣传活动，还赚钱来实现目标，可得
出老师为她们不断的努力感到骄傲。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Hangzhou will build a world-class ecological and cultural tourism corridor in connection with
Anhui Province’s Huangshan City.Five towns in Hangzhou’s Chun’an County and five towns
in Huangshan’s Shexian County 1. (include) according to the prepared plan.In
ancient times，they were part of Huizhou region where the Xin’an River runs through.Dating
back to the Tang Dynasty(AD 618－907)，a trail 2. (link) Hangzhou’s Tianmu
Mountain and Huangshan’s Yellow Mountain was formed to exchange goods 3.
the two regions.
Over the years，Hangzhou and Huangshan 4. (preserve) their unique
architecture and local ways of life in old villages，making this area popular with tourists.Thevillages have resisted the winds of change 5. swept across many other parts of
China.In addition to architecture ， the natural environment is also being protected ， with
sewage(污水) 6.______________(treat) and new infrastructure being built.
These improvements are attracting more tourists and creating 7. engine for the
local economy.Moreover，for those who love hiking，jogging or cycling，the Thousand Islands
Lake in Chun’an County is an ideal destination 8. it boasts 1,078 islands，
winding roads and charming villages.
In 9. (add)，Hangzhou will also increase forest coverage along the river in
partnership with Huangshan ， which perfectly matches President Xi Jinping’s concept of
“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” to highlight a 10.
(harmony) relationship between ecological protection and economic development.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州准备搭建一条沟通它与安徽黄山市的生态文
化长廊，以及打造它的历史和现实意义。
1．答案 are included
解析 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语；根据语境，应用一
般现在时，表示客观事实；主语是“Five towns in Hangzhou’s Chun’an County and five
towns in Huangshan’s Shexian County”，与“include”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，
be动词为复数形式。故填are included。
2．答案 linking
解析 考查非谓语动词。根据句中谓语“was formed”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，作定语
修饰名词“trail”，且link与其构成主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。故填linking。
3．答案 between
解析 考查介词。分析句子可知，此处应为介词，表达“在两地之间”交换货物，应用介词
between。故填between。
4．答案 have preserved/have been preserving
解析 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语；根据句中时间状语“Over
the years”可知，应用现在完成时，结合语境，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作一直持续
进行；主语为“Hangzhou and Huangshan”，谓语应为复数形式。故填have preserved/have
been preserving。
5．答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句关系词。分析句子可知，“ swept across many other parts of
China”为定语从句，修饰先行词“the winds of change”，故空处应为关系词，在从句中作
主语，应用关系代词that/which。
6．答案 being treated解析 考查非谓语动词。根据介词“with”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，一起构成with复合
结构，名词“sewage”与treat构成被动关系；根据“and”并结合语境可知，此处与“being
built”为并列关系，表示“正在被处理”。故填being treated。
7．答案 an
解析 考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处应用冠词，修饰名词“engine”，表示创造“一个”
推动力，应用不定冠词；因“engine”发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。
8．答案 as/because/since/for
解析 考查连词。分析句子可知，此处应为连词；根据语境，引导原因状语从句，表示“因
为”。故填as/because/since/for。
9．答案 addition
解析 考查名词。由介词“In”可知，此处应为名词；固定短语in addition意为“此外”。
故填addition。
10．答案 harmonious
解析 考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“relationship”，表
示“和谐的”。故填harmonious。
