文档内容
第 19 讲 七选五
（模拟精练+真题演练）
根据文章选择正确的选项
1. （2023年江苏省盐城中学高三模拟考试试卷）
The Upside to Being Outside
Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for
days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. One study was conducted in the city of Birmingham, Alabama.
Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in
urban parks, even though the average visit was only around half an hour.
1 For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild”
campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds
and planting flowers. Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months
afterwards, too. 2
How does nature boost people’s happiness? Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress
and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shows our brains are more relaxed in natural
settings.
To most people, it’s not news that nature can be calming. But multiple studies have found that spending time
in nature also has some more surprising benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving. 3
Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests. That’s more proof that going outside is a
smart move!
What accounts for the connection with cognition and creativity? It could be that a good dose of nature acts as a
cure to information overload. Everyday life involves a lot of multitasking. Some scientists theorize that spending
time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. 4
Naturally, scientific studies don’t cover everything that’s great about the great outdoors. 5 From
recreation and exercise to happiness and creativity, there are lots of upsides to getting outside.
A．One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip.
B．According to many scientific studies, there’s a good chance it’ll make you happier, healthier, and more
creative.
C．What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting.
D．Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees.
E．When the only light you’ve seen all day is the glow of a screen, it might be a good idea to switch it off.
F．This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain abreak might help you get to the next level.
G．So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．F 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是户外活动的好处。
1．根据空后的For example可知，空后内容是对该空的举例说明，所以该空为本段的主题句，根据空处所
在段落的尾句“Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months
afterwards, too. (在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段
讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐会持续很久，C选项“What’s more, the lift people get from nature is
long lasting. (更重要的是，人们从大自然中获得的提升是持久的。)”表述的内容与举例说明中的内容一致，
符合语境。故选C项。
2．根据空前“For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign.
It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting
flowers.Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months afterwards,
too. (例如，英国科学家研究了“野外30天”运动的影响。它要求人们在30天内与大自然互动，享受像喂
鸟和种花这样的朴实活动。参与者在整个挑战过程中以及之后的几个月里都明显更快乐、更健康。在整个
挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给
参与者带来快乐，G选项“So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation.
(所以，在公园里放松一下有点像给你的大脑放个小长假。)”，是对前面的总结，符合语境。故选G项。
3．根据空前“But multiple studies have found that spending time in nature also has some more surprising
benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving.(但多项研究发现，花时间在大自然中也有一些更令人
惊讶的好处，比如提高创造力和解决问题的能力。)”中的multiple studies以及空后句子“Another found that
exposure to nature helped people score better on tests.(另一项研究发现，接触大自然有助于人们在考试中取得
更好的成绩。)”中的another可知，该空格应该是关于在户外好处的相关研究，A选项“One study revealed
that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip.(一项研究表明，人们在为期四天的
露营旅行后更善于找出谜题。)”讲述的为一项关于户外好处的研究，符合语境。故选A项。
4．根据空格处于尾句可知，该空应为本段的总结，根据空前“Some scientists theorize that spending time in
nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. (一些科学家认为，花时间在大自然中可以
让我们的大脑休息并从精神疲劳中恢复过来。)”可知，户外会让大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来，F
选项“This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break
might help you get to the next level. (这意味着无论你是在学习还是玩电子游戏，到外面去让你的大脑休息一
下可能会帮助你达到一个新的水平。)”中的this means是对空前内容的解释，结合句意可知，F选项内容与
空前内容吻合。故选F项。
5．根据空后“From recreation and exercise to happiness and creativity, there are lots of upsides to getting
outside. (从娱乐和锻炼到快乐和创造力，户外活动有很多好处。)”的recreation(娱乐)相关的户外活动为全文
首次出现可以推断，此空处应提到相关内容，D选项“Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like
swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees. (很多人在外面享受有趣的活动，如游泳、骑自行车或爬树。)”中的
fun activity以及其后的举例内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。2.（广东省揭阳市普宁市2023年高三联考试题）
Recycling is good for our planet, but it can be confusing. Can I recycle plastic bags? What about pizza
cartons? Toothpaste tubes? Which bin should I use? There are so many questions, and more than half of Americans
are unsure about how to recycle. 6 Here’s a handy four-step guide on how to recycle effectively:
Know what to put in the recycling bin. Keep it simple and focus on the most commonly recycled items, such
as paper, glass, aluminum and plastic. 7 Don’t use the recycled symbol as a guide. “The number on the
container is really for people to identify the type of resin (树脂). That’s not helpful for the common consumer,” said
Cody Marshall, a strategist at nonprofit Recycling Partnership.
8 It is really important to know what you cannot put in your bin. You can always check with your
city or at BeRecycled.org. If you live in the US, just plug in your postcode to search. Recycling companies struggle
with the same problem items: hoses (软管), cords, needles and clothing, according to Marshall, so don’t put those
items in your bin.
Wash or clean items. Do a quick clean to make sure there is no food left in containers before you put them in
the bin. 9 Save food for composting (堆肥) in your garden.
Don’t bag it. Unless you live in a place that requires it, like New York City, keep the recyclables lost in the
bin. “A lot of the time, it’s not safe for our employees to tear those bags open, or it takes too much time,” said
Keller. “ 10 ”
A．Know what is not recyclable.
B．The answers are not hard to find.
C．A lot of bagged stuff goes right to the landfill.
D．Plastic bags can be used again or returned to grocery stores.
E．If you really don’t know if an item is recyclable, then just throw it in the garbage.
F．This is really important if you only use one bin because food items could ruin paper.
G．Hard plastics like water and soft drink bottles or anything like these can be recycled.
【答案】6．B 7．G 8．A 9．F 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效回收的4个步骤：知道要把什么放进回收箱；知道什么
是不可回收的；扔垃圾之前清理出食物残留；不要把垃圾装袋。
6．前文“There are so many questions, and more than half of Americans are unsure about how to recycle.(有这么
多的问题，超过一半的美国人不确定如何回收)”提及了回收时有太多问题令人困扰，后文“Here’s a handy
four-step guide on how to recycle effectively(以下是有效回收垃圾的四步指南)”则说到有效回收的4个步骤。
由此推知，设空句作为中间过渡句，应是与前文在句意逻辑上构成转折，且引出后文内容。B项“The
answers are not hard to find.(答案不难找到)”的“The answers”对应前文“questions”，句意上与前文构成转
折，且可引出后文内容，用在文中可承前启后，符合语境。故选B项。
7．根据主题句“Know what to put in the recycling bin.(知道该把什么放在回收箱里)”可知，该段主要讲述可
回收物品，G项“Hard plastics like water and soft drink bottles or anything like these can be recycled.(硬塑料，
如水瓶和软饮料瓶或类似的任何东西，都可以回收)”介绍的是可回收的物品，贴合该段主题，符合语境。故选G项。
8．设空句为该段主题句。根据后文“It is really important to know what you cannot put in your bin.(知道哪些
东西不能放进垃圾桶是很重要的)”可知，本段介绍的是不可回收的物品。选项A“Know what is not
recyclable.(知道什么是不可回收的)”可作该段主题句。故选A项。
9．前文“Do a quick clean to make sure there is no food left in containers before you put them in the bin.(在你把
容器放进垃圾桶之前，快速清理一下，确保容器里没有食物残留)”提及要将食物残留清理出来，那么，设
空句应解释这样做的原因。选项F“This is really important if you only use one bin because food items could ruin
paper.(如果你只用一个垃圾桶，这一点非常重要，因为食物会破坏纸张)”解释了原因，符合语境。故选F
项。
10．前文“A lot of the time, it’s not safe for our employees to tear those bags open, or it takes too much time(很多
时候，我们的员工撕开这些袋子是不安全的，或者需要花费太多时间)”提及袋装垃圾有危害性或浪费时
间。由此推知，设空句应讲述为了安全或不浪费时间，袋装垃圾的去处。选项C“A lot of bagged stuff goes
right to the landfill.(很多袋装的东西直接被扔进了垃圾填埋场)”讲到了袋装垃圾不会经过人工处理，直接被
扔进了填埋场，符合语境。故选C项。
3.（2023年湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学试题）
Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you advice about
why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast. 11 Is it really that important? In a sense, it really
matters.
Energy restoration
The word “breakfast” comes from “breaking the fast” — the idea of ending the period in which we didn’t eat
during the night. The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food
reserves to heal our bodies. 12 So, in that way, a healthy breakfast makes sense.
Weight management
There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to link a state of obesity with skipping breakfast. 13
In a US study, 50,000 people were monitored over seven years, and those who ate a healthy breakfast were found to
have a lower BMI, which seems to suggest that breakfast may indeed help people maintain a healthy weight.
Better brain function
14 Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language. A
review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions
were inconclusive. However, one of the researchers says there is reasonable evidence that breakfast does improve
concentration.
What’s most important is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly
effective in reducing food cravings and consumption later in the day. However, studies found that there is no
agreement on what type of breakfast is healthier. 15
A．Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stores.
B．This feast is necessarily gives us a new start.
C．Weight-loss is likely to cause them health problems.
D．Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.E．Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lose weight.
F．Many people are recommended to manage their weight by skipping meals.
G．Breakfast types don’t matter as much as simply eating something.
【答案】11．B 12．A 13．E 14．D 15．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了早餐的作用。
11．上文“Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you
advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast. (你是否听过有人说，“早餐是一天中最重要
的一餐”，或者给你建议为什么以健康的早餐开始新的一天是至关重要的。)”提出有人说早餐的重要性，
B项“This feast is necessarily gives us a new start.(这场“盛宴”必然给了我们一个新的开始。)”承接上文，
继续强调早餐的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
12．上文“The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves
to heal our bodies.(在我们睡觉时进行的再生过程会消耗一些我们的天然食物储备来治愈我们的身体。)”提
出晚上睡觉会消耗身体中的食物储备，A项“Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stores.(早餐帮助我们补充
耗尽的储备。)”承接上文，说明早餐可以补充消耗的储备，照应主题“Energy restoration”。故选A项。
13．上文“There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to link a state of obesity with skipping breakfast.
(还有许多经常被引用的研究似乎将肥胖状态与不吃早餐联系起来。)”提出关于肥胖与早餐的研究，E项
“Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lose weight.(因此，表明健康的早餐可以调节体
重和减肥。)”给出研究的结论：健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥。上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
14．第三段中介绍了健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥，设空句下文“Breakfast is also associated with
improved brain function, including concentration and language.(早餐还能改善大脑功能，包括注意力和语言能
力。)”提出新的功能：改善大脑功能。D项“Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.(研究发
现，早餐影响的不仅仅是体重。)”承上启下，句中“more than just weight”照应第三段内容。故选D项。
15．上文“However, studies found that there is no agreement on what type of breakfast is healthier.(然而，研究
发现，对于哪种类型的早餐更健康，人们并没有一致的看法。)”提出对于早餐类型没有确定的说法，G项
“Breakfast types don’t matter as much as simply eating something.(早餐的种类并不重要，重要的是吃点东
西。)”承接上文，说明早餐类型并不重要，但是一定要吃早餐，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
4.（2023年湖南省长沙一中高三试题）
In the face of wildlife loss and habitat destruction, it’s easy to feel powerless to improve. But any action you
take, no matter how small, will help restore the world to its natural balance. Here are 4 things you can do to help
wildlife.
Think twice before landscaping.
16 But unless you’re confronting a genuine safety issue, remember that what’s unpleasant to you is
sweet home to squirrels, birds, worms and other animals that you might not even know are there. If you must
landscape your yard, do so in a way that won’t drive away native wildlife.
Keep your cats indoors.
It’s ironic that many people who claim to love wildlife have no problem allowing their cats to roam freely
outside. Cats are animals, too. 17 Outdoor cats, however, don’t think twice about killing wild birds. In caseyou’re thinking about “warning” the birds by attaching a bell to your cat’s collar, don’t bother: Birds have an inborn
tendency to flee loud, startling noises, not jingling pieces of metal.
Don’t feed any animals but birds.
That deer that wanders into your backyard might look hungry and helpless. 18 Giving food to animals
accustoms them to human contact, but not all human beings are as warmhearted as you are. Feeding wild birds, on
the other hand. is OK as long as you don’t have outdoor cats and you provide a meal in keeping with the bird’s
natural diet. 19
Clean up litter (not only your own).
If you’re concerned about protecting wildlife, you know better than to litter. But it’s not enough to keep your
own yard or picnic area clean. You should go the extra mile and pick up cans and bottles left by other people.
20
A．Choose nuts and seeds rather than processed bread.
B．It seems cruel to keep them shut up inside the house.
C．However, if you feed it, you won’t be doing it any favors.
D．Most people don’t want wild animals to destroy their roses.
E．Smal animals can easily get trapped in or injured by this litter.
F．If you have the space, establishing a “mini meadow (草地)” as a border or boundary area is another
effective way to attract birds, as well as beneficial insects.
G．If you have just purchased a house or a piece of land, you might be tempted to chop (砍) down unsightly
trees.
【答案】16．G 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了帮助野生动物，你可以做到的四件事。
【详解】16. 此句是第二段的段首句，其作用应该是引出本段小标题要表达的意思。结合小标题“Think
twice before landscaping.(在改造之前要三思。)”与最后一句“If you must landscape your yard, do so in a way
that won’t drive away native wildlife.(如果你必须改造你的院子，以不会赶走本地野生动物的方式来做。)”可
知，本段是建议大家在改造住所（landscape v.）时，要考虑到对周围野生动植物的影响，由下文“But
unless you’re confronting a genuine safety issue, remember that what’s unpleasant to you is sweet home to
squirrels, birds, worms and other animals that you might not even know are there. (但是，除非你面对的是真正的
安全问题，否则请记住，对你来说不愉快的东西却是松鼠、鸟类、蠕虫和其他你可能不知道存在的动物的
甜蜜家园。)”可知，上下文是转折关系。G选项“如果你刚买了房子或者一块地，你可能会忍不住去砍倒
那些难看的树木。”符合，其中的“chop down unsightly trees”就是landscape的具体做法，故选G。
17. 后一句“Outdoor cats, however, don’t think twice about killing wild birds.(然而，在家门以外的猫对于捕杀
鸟类毫不仁慈)”指出把猫放出去它们会吃野生动物，由however可知，前后句子是转折关系，选项B“把它
们关在屋子里似乎很残忍。”符合，虽然把猫关在屋子似乎很残忍，但是如果放出来，它们会吃掉野生动
物，且选项中keep them shut up inside the house呼应本段标题“Keep your cats indoors.(把你的猫关在屋
里。)”，故选B。
18. 根据本段小标题“Don’t feed any animals but birds.(除了鸟，不要喂任何动物。)”可知要保护动物，我们就要克制住给野生动物喂食的想法，结合前一句“That deer that wanders into your backyard might look
hungry and helpless. (跑到你家后院来的野生鹿看起来很饿很无助)”可知，跑到你家后院来的野生鹿看起来
很饿很无助，但是也不应该喂它们，C项“ 但是，如果你喂它，你就不会对它有任何好处。”符合，呼应
本段主题，故选C。
19. 此处前一句说“Feeding wild birds, on the other hand is OK as long as you don’t have outdoor cats and you
provide a meal in keeping with the bird’s natural diet. (另一方面，喂养野生鸟类是可以的，只要你在户外没有
猫，你提供一餐符合鸟的自然饮食就是可以打。)”给野生鸟类喂养与它们食谱中一致的食物是可以的，那
就意味着尽量给它们喂食纯天然未经加工的东西，A项“ 选择坚果和种子而不是加工过的面包。”符合，
故选A。
20. 此段的小标题“Clean up litter (not only your own).(清理垃圾（不仅仅是你自己的）。)”告诉我们，要保
护野生动植物，我们要做的不仅是随时清理自己产生的垃圾，上文“You should go the extra mile and pick
up cans and bottles left by other people. (你应该多走一段路，捡起别人留下的易拉罐和瓶子。)”指出我们要捡
起别人留下的易拉罐和瓶子，空处承接上文，指出这么做的原因，即能保护野生动物，E项“小动物很容
易被这些垃圾困住或受伤。”符合，故选E。
5.（2023年浙江省丽水市三校联考试题）
Garden lights are extremely important. 2 1 We have prepared the ultimate guide that aims to provide
you with all the information that you could possibly need. So, what are you waiting for? Let’s get started.
The first thing that you need to do is to use LED lights that are known for their low heat emission. It would
also help reduce the attraction to flies or insects. 2 2 Hence, you need to go for a lower heat emissions
option. The lights are good for the environment and help you save energy costs.
Next, you have to install light shields (保护罩) for creating a physical barrier between the outdoor elements
and lights. By getting light shields, you get to increase the protection of your expensive outdoor lights. 2 3
Don’t forget to take the accurate measurement of the lights when shopping for light shields.
When it comes to using garden lights, location is everything. 2 4 You need to place the garden lights in
a location where the outdoor lighting components would be protected from the elements. They should provide
sufficient lighting and last a long time at the same time.
Finally, you also have to maintain the garden lights system for ensuring that it continues to be properly
controlled. Regardless of which type of garden lights you get, you have to ensure that they are well maintained and
serviced from time to time. 2 5 You have no excuse not to get them serviced.
A．It is not something that should be taken lightly.
B．Unexpected elements will cause damage to the lights.
C．It can be frustrating to see them taking over the lighting.
D．Place them in the correct position to work and last a long time.
E．They can make your garden area safer and more beautiful in no time.
F．You should seek help from a lighting professional for the best outcome.
G．They also help ensure the lights do not shine too bright in just one spot.
【答案】21．E 22．C 23．G 24．D 25．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了使用庭院照明方面的建议。
21．前文“Garden lights are extremely important.（庭院灯是非常重要的。）”说明庭院灯的重要性，E项
“They can make your garden area safer and more beautiful in no time.（它们可以立刻让你的庭院更安全、更
美丽。）”符合语境，解释了重要的原因，承接前文。虽然A项“It is not something that should be taken
lightly.（它不是可以掉以轻心的东西。）”语义上可以承接前文，但是其中的“It”无法指代前文的
“Garden lights”，因此不合语境。故选E。
22．前文“It would also help reduce the attraction to flies or insects.（这也有助于减少对苍蝇或昆虫的吸引
力。）”提到用LED等可以减少苍蝇或昆虫，C项“It can be frustrating to see them taking over the lighting.
（看到它们借用照明是令人沮丧的。）”符合语境，说明灯下有苍蝇或昆虫的坏处，承接前文，其中的
“them”指代前文的“flies or insects”。故选C。
23．前文“By getting light shields, you get to increase the protection of your expensive outdoor lights.（通过获
得遮光罩，你可以增加对昂贵的户外灯的保护。）”指出用遮光罩的好处，G项“They also help ensure the
lights do not shine too bright in just one spot.（它们还有助于确保灯光不会在一个地方太亮。）”符合语境，
进一步指出用遮光罩的好处，承接前文，其中的“They”指代前文的“light shields”。故选G。
24．前文“When it comes to using garden lights, location is everything.（使用庭院灯时，位置就是一切。）”
指出位置的重要性，D项“Place them in the correct position to work and last a long time.（放置在正确的位置
才能工作，延长使用寿命。）”符合语境，解释位置重要的原因，承接前文，其中的“them”指代前文的
“garden lights”。故选D。
25．后文“You have no excuse not to get them serviced.（你没有理由不去保养它们。）”指出有理由保养庭
院灯，B项“Unexpected elements will cause damage to the lights.（意想不到的因素会损坏灯。）”符合语
境，指出庭院灯可能会损坏，自然引出后文的保养，后文的“them”指代其中的“the lights”。故选B。
6.（河南省部分名校2023年高三联合检测）
You may dislike your job, but due to financial burdens or lack of other job offers, you’re forced to stay where
you are. 2 6
Identify exactly what it is that’s causing the aversion (厌恶).Is it the mean boss? Is it the overly competitive
co-workers? Is there a new and added responsibility that you cannot handle or are not equipped to do well? Make a
pros and cons (优缺点) list of your current job related to work environments, co-workers, management and so on.
2 7 It will also help you identify what you don’t want in your next job if you decide to begin a job search.
Make an effort to develop connection. 2 8 Create meaning in your work by finding ways to feel
connected if it feels meaningless. Connecting with others can help you feel more purposeful in your work. Create
opportunities to connect with co-workers so that your employment becomes more than just a source of income.
Focus on the positive. 2 9 If you’re unsure what to do when you dislike your job, focus on what you
appreciate about it and mentally block out the unfavorable aspects. You may dislike your current job, but remaining
with it may be the best option if it’s simply a stepping stone to your professional objectives a few years down the
road.
3 0 However much you dislike your job, just think of the millions of unemployed people who are
desperate to find work. While your job may be far from perfect, it’s still a job. It pays you a wage and offers you achance to contribute to society.
A．Be grateful for having a job.
B．This will help you sort out a problem.
C．Reduce your stress levels outside of work.
D．Remember how to carry out your duties well.
E．Are you having trouble finding purpose in your work?
F．You don’t really dislike everything about your job right now, do you?
G．There’re ways to help you determine how to enjoy work when you dislike it.
【答案】26．G 27．B 28．E 29．F 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在不得已的情况下尽可能地享受你不喜欢的工作的方法。
26．根据前句“You may dislike your job, but due to financial burdens or lack of other job offers, you’re forced to
stay where you are. (你可能不喜欢你的工作，但由于经济负担或缺乏其他工作机会，你被迫留在原地)”谈到
被迫待在不喜欢的工作岗位这一情况，下文则介绍了享受不喜欢的工作的方法。所以设空处承上启下，提
出有一些方法可以帮助你享受这份你不喜欢的工作。所以选择项G“There’re ways to help you determine how
to enjoy work when you dislike it.( 当你不喜欢工作时，有一些方法可以帮助你决定如何享受工作)”符合上下
文语境。故选G。
27．根据前句“Make a pros and cons (优缺点) list of your current job related to work environments, co-workers,
management and so on.( 把你目前的工作与工作环境、同事、管理等相关的优点和缺点列出来)”谈到要列出
当前工作的优缺点，而后句“It will also help you identify what you don’t want in your next job if you decide to
begin a job search.( 如果你决定开始找工作，它还可以帮助你确定下一份工作中你不想要的东西)”则列举说
明这样做的好处，且B项中的This will help 与空后的It will also help相对应。所以选择项B“This will help
you sort out a problem. (这将帮助你解决问题)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
28．根据本段段首句“Make an effort to develop connection.(努力建立联系)”以及空后的“Create meaning in
your work by finding ways to feel connected if it feels meaningless. (在你的工作中创造意义，如果它感觉没有
意义，通过寻找方法让你感到联系)”可知，本段旨在说明如何通过建立联系创造工作的意义，且E项中的
finding purpose与空后的Create meaning相对应。所以选择项E“Are you having trouble finding purpose in your
work?(你在工作中找不到目标吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
29．根据本段段首句“Focus on the positive.(关注积极的一面)”以及下文“If you’re unsure what to do when
you dislike your job, focus on what you appreciate about it and mentally block out the unfavorable aspects.(当你不
喜欢你的工作时，如果你不确定该怎么做，那就把注意力集中在你喜欢它的地方，把不喜欢的方面排除在
外)”可知，本段主要介绍要关注工作中好的一面。F项与本段内容相呼应，承接下文。所以选择项F“You
don’t really dislike everything about your job right now, do you? ( 你现在并不是真的不喜欢你工作的一切，对
吧?)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
30．结合下文“However much you dislike your job, just think of the millions of unemployed people who are
desperate to find work. While your job may be far from perfect, it’s still a job. It pays you a wage and offers you a
chance to contribute to society(不管你多么不喜欢你的工作，想想数以百万计的失业者，他们迫切地想找到
工作。虽然你的工作可能远非完美，但它仍然是一份工作。它给你工资，给你一个为社会做贡献的机会)”可知，本段主要讲述了要感恩拥有一份工作。所以选择项A“Be grateful for having a job. (感谢你有一份工
作)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
7.（2023年湖北省华中师范大学附中适应性试题）
Photography for me has always been a key. It opens up doors, gives me an excuse to travel with more purpose,
and lets me see behind the scenes. 3 1 —“Better get back to taking photos. Nice to chat!”
What is my advice to beginners? I didn’t study photography; I’m not formally trained; 3 2 But that’s
not what photography is about for me. If you want to be a photographer, be constantly asking yourself the question:
“What is the story here?” It doesn’t matter if you are shooting a dish at your favorite restaurant or the food waste
processing plant that deals with wat’s left over— 3 3 What does that mean? If I’m photographing a dinner
party for Social Supply, it’s important to capture not just the plate of food, but to step back and capture the scene
around it. If I’m taking photos of a mushroom harvest in Yunnan, I make sure to find an angle that shows just how
much they’ve harvested, but also a few close-ups of the weathered hands that are carefully sorting.
3 4 I’ve taken hundreds of thousands of photos this year alone. The more you shoot the better you
will be. So, start shooting—anything and everything, but specially your fiends’ businesses and projects.
Do I have a good camera? Yes, but some people still think that the photos I post from my phone were taken on
that camera, so don’t confuse a good device with being a good photographer. 3 5 so start there, and start
today.
A．Let the story guide you.
B．I have virtually no art experience.
C．Like anything, photography requires practice.
D．Photography becomes an incredible drive to explore.
E．Some of my favorite photographers just use their phone.
F．It also helps to slip out of awkward small talk at parties.
G．I feel deeply connected with whatever is captured through my camera lens.
【答案】31．F 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．E
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者结合自身经历给出了一些摄影的建议。
31．上文“Photography for me has always been a key. It opens up doors, gives me an excuse to travel with more
purpose, and lets me see behind the scenes.(摄影对我来说一直是个关键。它为我打开了一扇门，给了我一个
更有目的旅行的借口，让我看到了幕后。)”提到了摄影对作者的重要性；下文““Better get back to taking
photos. Nice to chat!”(“还是聊回拍照吧。这很好聊!”)”转而提到“回到拍照的话题”，为过渡句，下文第二
段开始提出学习摄影的建议。由此可知，设空处应是承接上文的话题，与摄影的好处相关。F项“It also
helps to slip out of awkward small talk at parties.(这也有助于在聚会上避免尴尬的闲聊。)”中的it指代上文的
Photography，also helps也与上文对应。故选F项。
32．上文“I didn’t study photography; I’m not formally trained;(我没有学过摄影；我没有受过正规训练；)”提
到了作者既没学过摄影，也没有受过正规训练；下文“But that’s not what photography is about for me.(但这
不是摄影对我的意义。)”转而提到上文提到的那些都不是摄影对作者的意义。结合设空处前面的分号可
知，设空处与上文两个句子构成排比句式。B项“I have virtually no art experience.(我几乎没有美术经验。)”与上文对应。故选B项。
33．上文“If you want to be a photographer, be constantly asking yourself the question: “What is the story here?”
It doesn’t matter if you are shooting a dish at your favorite restaurant or the food waste processing plant that deals
with wat’s left over(如果你想成为一名摄影师，就要不断地问自己这个问题：“这里的故事是什么？”无论
你是在你最喜欢的餐馆拍摄一道菜，还是在处理剩饭剩菜的食物垃圾处理厂)”提到了如果相当一名摄影
师，就要不断问自己“这里的故事是什么？”；下文“What does that mean? If I’m photographing a dinner
party for Social Supply, it’s important to capture not just the plate of food, but to step back and capture the scene
around it.(这是什么意思？如果我正在为Social Supply拍摄晚宴，重要的是不仅要捕捉一盘食物，还要退后
一步，捕捉周围的场景。)”通过举例子进一步解释了问“这里的故事是什么？”的含义。A项“Let the
story guide you.(让故事引导你。)”与上文的“What is the story here?”对应。故选A项。
34．设空处位于段首，为段落主旨句；下文“I’ve taken hundreds of thousands of photos this year alone. The
more you shoot the better you will be. So, start shooting—anything and everything, but specially your fiends’
businesses and projects.(仅今年一年，我就拍了数十万张照片。你拍得越多，你就会越好。所以，开始拍摄
吧，什么都可以，尤其是你朋友的生意和项目。)”提到了拍得越多，就会越好，说明摄影是需要练习的。
C项“Like anything, photography requires practice.(像任何事情一样，摄影需要练习。)”最能概括本段内容。
故选C项。
35．上文“Do I have a good camera? Yes, but some people still think that the photos I post from my phone were
taken on that camera, so don’t confuse a good device with being a good photographer.(我有好的相机吗？是的，
但有些人仍然认为我从手机上发布的照片是用那台相机拍摄的，所以不要把一个好设备和一个好摄影师混
为一谈。)”提到了不要把好设备和好摄影师混为一谈，由此可知，设空处应与摄影设备和摄影师有关。E
项“Some of my favorite photographers just use their phone.(我最喜欢的一些摄影师只用他们的手机拍。)”与
上下文对应。故选E项。
8.（2023年吉林省吉林大学附中高三试题）
When a heavy storm hit, residents of the floating community of Schoonschip in Amsterdam had little doubt
about whether they could ride it out. They tied up their own stuff, and checked in with neighbors to ensure
everyone had enough food and water. 3 6 , rising along with the water and going back to its original position
after the rain stopped.
A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and is able to deal with rising seas by remaining on the
top of the water’s surface. 3 7 , floating homes are fixed to the shore and are usually connected to the local
sewer (污水管道) system and power grid. They are structurally similar to houses built on land.
3 8 . Siti Boelen, the Schoonschip resident, says that when she first moved in, stormy weather made her
think twice. “You feel it in your stomach,” she says, adding that she has gotten used to the feeling. Floating homes
also require extra infrastructure and work to connect to the electricity grid and sewer system.
3 9 . “If there are floods, it’s expected that many people will move to higher ground. But the alternative
is to stay close to coastal cities and explore expansion onto the water,” says Rutger de Graaf. “ 4 0 . That’s
unavoidable merely half a century away. We need to start now to increase the scale of floating developments.”
A．They then boarded their floating housesB．But the benefits may outweigh the costs
C．Since floating houses are on the increase
D．We feel safer in a storm because we are floating
E．Unlike houseboat which can easily be moved and relocated
F．Hundreds of millions of people will be displaced by sea level rise
G．Severe wind and rain, or even the passing ships, can rock the buildings
【答案】36．A 37．E 38．G 39．B 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了对抗暴风雨的新方法——漂浮房屋。
36．下文“rising along with the water and going back to its original position after the rain stopped. (随着水的上
升，雨停后又回到原来的位置。)”，及第二段开头“A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and
is able to deal with rising seas by remaining on the top of the water’s surface. (浮动房屋可以在任何海岸线上建
造，并且能够通过留在水面顶部来应对海平面上升。)”可知，在暴雨来临时人们就登上了浮动房屋，雨停
后就会回到原来的位置。A项“They then boarded their floating houses (然后他们登上了他们的浮动房屋)”与
上下文一致。故选A。
37．根据下文“floating homes are fixed to the shore and are usually connected to the local sewer (污水管道)
system and power grid.(漂浮房屋固定在岸边，通常连接到当地的下水道系统和电网。)”和“They are
structurally similar to houses built on land. (它们在结构上类似于在陆地上建造的房屋。)可知，此处讲述漂浮
房屋的建立，下文用陆地房屋与漂浮房屋进行比较，E项“Unlike houseboat which can easily be moved and
relocated (不像可以很容易地移动和重新安置的的游艇)”符合语境，说明了漂浮房屋与游艇不一样，需要固
定在岸边，不移动和重新安置。故选E。
38．根据下文“Siti Boelen, the Schoonschip resident, says that when she first moved in, stormy weather made her
think twice. “You feel it in your stomach,” she says, adding that she has gotten used to the feeling. (Schoonschip居
民Siti Boelen说，当她第一次搬进来时，暴风雨的天气让她三思。“你感受到你的胃在翻腾，”她说，并
补充说她已经习惯了这种感觉。)”可知，居民Siti Boelen对于暴风雨天气起初很紧张，后来逐渐习惯，因
此推断空处应是讲述暴风雨中的情况，G项“Severe wind and rain, or even the passing ships, can rock the
buildings (狂风暴雨，甚至是过往的船只，都会撼动建筑物)”符合上下文，故选G。
39．根据上文“Floating homes also require extra infrastructure and work to connect to the electricity grid and
sewer system. (漂浮房屋还需要额外的基础设施和工作来连接到电网和下水道系统。)可知，浮动房屋的建
造需要额外基础设施的建立和额外的工作，因此需要资金投入，结合下文““If there are floods, it’s
expected that many people will move to higher ground. But the alternative is to stay close to coastal cities and
explore expansion onto the water,” says Rutger de Graaf. (“如果发生洪水，预计许多人将搬到更高的地方。但
一种选择是留在沿海的城市，探索向水上扩张”Rutger de Graaf说。)”可知，如果发生洪水，人们会搬到高
处，但是也可以选择探索向水上扩张，因此推断虽然浮动房屋的建造会需要大量开支，但是如果发生洪
水，浮动房屋的会有益处，因此推断带来的收益可能大于开支，B项“But the benefits may outweigh the
costs(浮动房屋的收益可能大于开支)”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。
40．根据下文“That’s unavoidable merely half a century away. We need to start now to increase the scale of
floating developments. (这在半个世纪之后是不可避免的。我们需要从现在开始，扩大浮动开发的规模。)”可知，that指代上文提到的事情，空处应是讲述不可避免的事情，承接上文浮动房屋是为了应对洪水爆
发，海平面上升，因此推断不可避免的事情是指发生洪水，海平面上升，人们会流离失所，F项
“Hundreds of millions of people will be displaced by sea level rise(数亿人将因海平面上升而流离失所)”符合语
境，下文倡导现在就需要开始漂浮房屋的研发。故选F。
9.（2023年山东师范大学附属中学高三6月试题）
The power of positive thinking
Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? 4 1 Do they focus on the positives (a half-full glass) or
the negatives (a half-empty one)? Thinking positively, with a belief that most things will turn out well, is called
optimism — and it’s known to boost your well-being. The good news is that everybody can learn to think more
positively.
4 2
Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope
well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may
find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass.
Worrying is like a fire alarm.
Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe — if you were never worried and
were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks. “ 4 3 It’s like a fire
alarm,” says child psychotherapist Rachel Melville-Thomas. “The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there
isn’t a huge danger to face.” When this happens, you can feel anxious and hopeless about what lies ahead.
Learn to think positively.
Optimism is shaped by your genes which carry characteristics inherited from your parents and by what
happens to you. 4 4 Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive-for
example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. 4 5
A．Your genes will in turn help obtain it.
B．This question makes you lost in thought.
C．Why is thinking positively good for you?
D．Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it.
E．Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening.
F．However, whatever your starting point is, everyone can learn it.
G．This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation.
【答案】41．G 42．C 43．E 44．F 45．D
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了积极的思考带来的好处，以及怎么样学会积极的思考。
41．根据前文“Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty?(你的牛奶是半满的还是半空的?)”以及后文“Do
they focus on the positives (a half-full glass) or the negatives (a half-empty one)?(他们关注的是积极的一面(半满
的杯子)还是消极的一面(半空的杯子)?)”可知，空处应是对前一句的解释，前句是做什么用的，所以G项
“This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation.(这句话经常被用来测试人们在某种情况下的
看法)”符合文意，其中This saying指代前文那句话。故选G项。42．分析设空，可知是本段的小标题，是对本段的概括，根据下文“Research shows that people who are
optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges.
People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may find it hard to believe that these
challenges will pass.(研究表明，乐观和积极思考的人在面对生活挑战时往往会经历更少的压力，并能很好
地应对。更悲观的人(认为最坏的事情会发生)可能很难相信这些挑战会过去)”可知，本段主要讲述了，乐观
和积极思考的好处，所以C项“Why is thinking positively good for you?(为什么积极思考对你有好处?)”符合
文意。故选C项。
43．根据前文“Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe—if you were never
worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks.(每个人都会时不
时地担心。担心可以帮助你保持安全——如果你从不担心，对事情的结果过于乐观，你就不会意识到风
险)”可知，本段主要讲述了担心的好处，在根据本段小标题“Worrying is like a fire alarm.(忧虑就像火
警)”，可知E项“Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening.(担心是我们的大脑警告我们有危
险。)”符合本段主题，其中Worrying为同词复现。故选E项。
44．根据前文“Optimism is shaped by your genes, which carry characteristics inherited from your parents, and by
what happens to you.(乐观是由你的基因塑造的，它带有从你父母那里遗传来的特征，也由你身上发生的事
情决定)”以及后文“Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive —for
example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. (研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会
有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一个等级)”可知，F项“However, whatever your
starting point is, everyone can learn it.(然而，无论你的出发点是什么，每个人都可以学习它)”和前文构成转折
关系，且和后文构成顺承关系。故选F项。
45．分析设空，谓语段尾，应是对前文的总结，所以根据前文“Research has shown that it can help to draw
or write an outcome that’s positive-for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade.(研
究表明，画或写一个积极的结果是有帮助的——比如，你弹吉他的画面，通过了下一个等级)”可知，前文
讲述想象积极的结果是有帮助的，所以D项“Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it.(想象这个
可以激励你致力于去实现它)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选D项。
10.（2023届山东省实验中学高三二模英语试题）
I’ve been living in Spain for decades and I securely guarantee that I have a talent in figuring out the cool
hidden local spots. As a foreigner, I couldn’t care less about doing the touristy things or enjoying fancy cuisine.
4 6 So I always attempt to find something that’s appealing and fun yet represents the local culture, and that
offers an interaction with the locals.
My reputation for doing this has grown. 4 7 Since I am somewhat fluent in Spanish, I could charge
people for this and become somewhat of an official tour guide. I choose not to though, because to me, the most
important thing is making sure the tourist, who already spent a lot of time and money getting to where I am, has the
fun and cultural experience they could possibly have. 4 8 In that case, tourists can explore the local
culture further at the lowest cost. They could otherwise spend a significant sum of money on a guided tour that
keeps them comfortable but separated from the culture. I choose to give them an experience that’s deeper and opens
their mind, all for free.4 9 When someone is visiting your area, don’t just take them to the touristy spots. Show them the
places that mean something to you. Show them your heart through the places that you show them and the
experience you give them. There’s something good in almost every town out there. If you don’t have any spots in
your area that you like, learn to find the good in the place you live. If you find the good in where you live, you will
also find the good in yourself. It’s a time that both you and the tourist will probably never obtain again. 5 0
A．Everyone can do the same.
B．I could hardly have imagined it would happen.
C．It could also help me create a lifelong connection with them.
D．What’s most crucial is experiencing the genuine country and culture.
E．I know better than tourists themselves what they are eager to experience.
F．Don’t rush the experience, thoroughly enjoy every moment with that person.
G．I’m being asked frequently to offer people tours, both to friends and strangers.
【答案】46．D 47．G 48．C 49．A 50．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是作者作为一位生活在西班牙的外国人，建议人们带游客体
验一下当地一些吸引人的、有趣又能代表当地文化的地方。
46．根据空后“So I always attempt to find something that’s appealing and fun yet represents the local culture,
and that offers an interaction with the locals.(所以我总是试图找到一些既吸引人又有趣的东西，同时又能代表
当地文化，并提供与当地人互动的机会)”中的so可知，此空处讲述的内容与空后内容为因果关系，D选项
“What’s most crucial is experiencing the genuine country and culture.(最重要的是体验真正的国家和文化)”中
的experiencing the genuine country and culture与空后内容相关，都与体验当地文化相关，且与空后内容为
因果关系。故选D项。
47．根据空后的“Since I am somewhat fluent in Spanish, I could charge people for this and become somewhat of
an official tour guide.(因为我的西班牙语说得比较流利，所以我可以向人们收取费用，这样我就可以成为一
名正式导游)”可知，此处讲述的是作者因西班牙语说的很流利而成为正式的导游，G选项“I’m being asked
frequently to offer people tours, both to friends and strangers.(我经常被要求提供人们提供旅游，既有朋友也有
陌生人)”讲述的内容与作者作导游相关。故选G项。
48．根据空前的“I choose not to though, because to me, the most important thing is making sure the tourist, who
already spent a lot of time and money getting to where I am, has the fun and cultural experience they could possibly
have.(但我选择不这么做，因为对我来说，最重要的是确保那些已经花了很多时间和金钱来到我所在的地
方的游客，能尽可能地享受到乐趣和文化体验)”可知，作者认为最重要的是确保游客体验到该有的乐趣和
文化体验，结合空后“In that case, tourists can explore the local culture further at the lowest cost.(在这种情况
下,游客们可以以最低的成本进一步研究当地文化)”可知，那样的话，游客就能以最低的价格体验当地文
化，由其中的in that case可推断，此空处是使游客能以最低的价格体验当地文化的方式，C选项“It could
also help me create a lifelong connection with them.(它还可以帮我与他们创建一个终身关系)”中的them与空前
的they指代一致，且与空后的in that case指代内容相关。故先C项。
49．分析语篇可知，此空处为本段的主题，根据空后的“When someone is visiting your area, don’t just takethem to the touristy spots. Show them the places that mean something to you. Show them your heart through the
places that you show them and the experience you give them.(当有人来你的地区旅游时，不要只带他们去旅游
景点。带他们去那些对你有意义的地方。通过你带他们去的地方和你给他们的经历，向他们展示你的心)”
可知，本段讲述的是有人去你所在的地区，不要带他们去景点，你可以带他们去你觉得有意义的地方，结
合上一段中讲述的作者带他游客去他所在地区体验当地文化可知，该段讲述的与上文作者的做法一样，A
选项“Everyone can do the same.(每个人都可以做同样的事情)”概括了本段的内容，且起到了承上启下的作
用。故选A项。
50．根据空前的“It’s a time that both you and the tourist will probably never obtain again.(这是一个你和游客可
能永远不会再获得的时刻)”可知，此处讲述的是这是与游客很可能永远不会获得的时间，F选项“Don’t
rush the experience, thoroughly enjoy every moment with that person.(不要匆忙的体验，彻底享受和那人在一起
的每一刻)”中的“enjoy every moment with that person.”与空前的内容吻合，其中的that person与空前的the
tourist指代一致。故选F项。
11.（2023年安徽省安庆市一中三模英语试题）
If you have ever had trouble persuading yourself to do things you should do or would like to do, you have
experienced procrastination. If you are a typical procrastinator, perhaps you spend an excessive amount of time
watching TV, playing video games checking Facebook eating (even when you’re not hungry), obsessively cleaning
or pacing back and forth through the office. 5 1 Once again, you end up doing nothing. Sound familiar?
Lazy people don’t do anything and are just fine with it. 5 2 . They truly want to fulfil their obligations
but just can’t figure out how.
5 3 . Relaxing recharges you with energy. In contrast, procrastinating drains it from you. The less
energy you have, the greater the chances of you putting off your responsibilities, and, once more, you will
accomplish nothing.
The studies on procrastination ever conducted indicates that failure of the ability to listen to ourselves is most
likely the main reason why we put things off. The scientific name of this ability is self-regulation. Self-regulation is
the ability to consciously control your emotions. 5 4 Thanks to this, you will procrastinate less. Current
research indicates that willpower can be compared to a muscle. It is possible to strengthen it through training.
To overcome procrastination, you need to start by setting the bar as low as possible. Creating habits isn’t about
quantity; it’s about small steps and regular repetition. By making gradual increases once you learn a new habit, you
can strengthen your willpower muscle. As you slowly raise the bar, your willpower will gain strength. 5 5
.
A．Don’t confuse procrastination with relaxation, either.
B．The more powerful it is the easier it will be for you to make a breakthrough.
C．Afterwards, you feel powerless and are overcome with feelings of guilt and frustration.
D．If you train willpower to perform one activity, you can use its strength to do other things as well.
E．Procrastinators, however, have the desire to actually do something but can’t force themselves to start.
F．Learning how to develop good habits and kick bad ones can be achieved by taking small steps.
G．The more developed this ability is, the more often you will do what you tell yourself to do and the betteryou will resist temptation.
【答案】51．C 52．E 53．A 54．G 55．B
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了拖延症的症状，和产生原因是和自我调节能力有关，以及解决办法。
51．根据前文“If you are a typical procrastinator, perhaps you spend an excessive amount of time watching TV,
playing video games checking Facebook eating (even when you’re not hungry), obsessively cleaning or pacing
back and forth through the office.(如果你是一个典型的拖延症患者，也许你花了太多的时间看电视、玩电子
游戏、上Facebook、吃东西(即使你不饿)、强迫性地打扫卫生或在办公室里来回踱步)”可知，空处应是这
么做的后果，所以C项“Afterwards, you feel powerless and are overcome with feelings of guilt and frustration.
(之后，你感到无能为力，并被内疚和挫败感所征服)”符合文意。故选C项。
52．根据前文“Lazy people don’t do anything and are just fine with it.(懒惰的人什么都不做，而且觉得很好)”
以及后文“They truly want to fulfil their obligations but just can’t figure out how.(他们真的很想履行自己的义
务，只是不知道该怎么做)”可知，空处应是过渡句，由讲述懒惰的人到有拖延症的人，并指出二者的区
别，所以E项“Procrastinators, however, have the desire to actually do something but can’t force themselves to
start.(然而，拖延者有真正想做某事的愿望，但不能强迫自己开始)”符合文意。故先E项。
53．分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Relaxing recharges you with energy. In contrast,
procrastinating drains it from you. The less energy you have, the greater the chances of you putting off your
responsibilities, and, once more, you will accomplish nothing.(放松能让你重新充满能量。相反，拖延症会耗尽
你的精力。你的精力越少，你就越有可能拖延你的责任，然后，再一次，你将一事无成)”可知，本段是讲
放松和拖延症的区别，所以A项“Don’t confuse procrastination with relaxation, either.(也不要把拖延和放松
混为一谈)”符合文意。故选A项。
54．根据前文“The studies on procrastination ever conducted indicates that failure of the ability to listen to
ourselves is most likely the main reason why we put things off. The scientific name of this ability is self-regulation.
Self-regulation is the ability to consciously control your emotions.(关于拖延症的研究表明，无法倾听自己的能
力很可能是我们做事拖延的主要原因。这种能力的学名是自我调节。自我调节是有意识地控制自己情绪的
能力)”可知，本段是在讲述自我调节能力差是我们做事拖延的主要原因，所以G项“The more developed
this ability is, the more often you will do what you tell yourself to do and the better you will resist temptation.(这种
能力越强，你就会越经常地去做你告诉自己要做的事情，你就能更好地抵制诱惑)”是对自我调节能力的进
一步描述，符合本段主题。故选G项。
55．分析设空，空处位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“To overcome procrastination, you need to start
by setting the bar as low as possible. Creating habits isn’t about quantity; it’s about small steps and regular
repetition. By making gradual increases once you learn a new habit, you can strengthen your willpower muscle. As
you slowly raise the bar, your willpower will gain strength.(为了克服拖延症，你需要从设定尽可能低的标准开
始。养成习惯与数量无关；这是关于小步骤和定期重复。一旦你学会了一个新习惯，通过逐渐增加，你可
以增强你的意志力。当你慢慢提高杆时，你的意志力就会增强)”可知，B项“The more powerful it is the
easier it will be for you to make a breakthrough.(它越强大，你就越容易取得突破)”符合文意，是对前文的总
结，it代指前文的意志力。故选B项。
12.（2023届安徽省皖江联盟高三联考试卷）Every day, a sea of decisions stretches before us. It’s impossible to make a perfect choice every time. But there
is one particularly effective technique to improve our chances: critical thinking.
Prepare your question.
5 6 For example, if you’re wondering whether to go for fitness, there are many factors that will cloud
your reasons. But, if you know clearly what you can get by body-shaping, that’ll help you decide whether it really
suits your needs.
Gather your information.
There’s lots of it out there, so having a clear idea of your question will help you determine what’s relevant. If
you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice, or seek other
people’s opinions. 5 7
Consider the implications.
Imagine you’ve chosen a business based on his promise to make to cheaper for drivers to fill upon gas. At first
glance, that seems great. 5 8 If gasoline use is less restricted by cost, this could also cause a huge surge in
air pollution—an unintended consequence that’s important to think about.
5 9
Ask yourself why so many people are drawn to countless travel trips or destinations. Even if you disagree with
everything that travel agencies say, exploring the viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid
to you appeal to others. This will a low you to explore alternatives, evaluate your own choices, and ultimately help
you make more informed decisions.
This above process is just one tool, and it certainly won’t remove difficult decisions from our lives. 6 0
And, if enough of us use it, it has the power to make the world a more reasonable place.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
【答案】56．C 57．G 58．D 59．A 60．E
【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了人们面临着无数的抉择，具备了批判性思维，可以提高我们做出完美
抉择的机会。
56．上文小标题“Prepare your question(准备你的问题)”可知是要准备问题。空处位于句首，结合下文
“But, if you know clearly what you can get by body-shaping, that’ll help you decide whether it really suits your
needs.(但是，如果你清楚地知道你可以通过塑身得到什么，这将有助于你决定它是否真的适合你的需
要。)”可知，通过提出的问题来确定塑身是否真的适合自身需求。C选项“In other words, get to know what
you’re looking for.(换句话说，知道你所追求的东西。)”与下文承接，用问题判断是否是自己想要的，故选
C项。
57．上文“If you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice, orseek other people’s opinions.(如果你正试图决定饮食来改善你的营养，你可以向专家征求他们的建议，或者
寻求其他人的意见。)”可知，要收集建议。G项“It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a
wiser decision. (它帮助你衡量不同的选择，让你更明智地做出决定。)”中it指代上文中的“ask an expert for
their advice, or seek other people’s opinions”，故选G项。
58．根据小标题以及文中举出的司机加油便宜的例子，结合下文“If gasoline use is less restricted by cost,
this could also cause a huge surge in air pollution—an unintended consequence that’s important to think about.(如
果汽油的使用不那么受成本的限制，这也可能导致空气污染的急剧增加——这是一个值得考虑的意想不到
的后果。)”可知，这与D项“Then what about the long-term environmental effects?(那么长期的环境影响又如
何呢？)” 中的environmental effects相一致，故选D项。
59．该题是标题选择。结合下文“Even if you disagree with everything that travel agencies say, exploring the
viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid to you appeal to others.(即使你不同意旅行社所
说的一切，探索这些观点也可能解释为什么一些对你来说似乎无效的路线会吸引其他人。)”可知，要去探
索他人的观点。这与选项A项“Explore other points of view (探索他人的观点)”相一致，故选A项。
60．结合上文“This above process is just one tool, and it certainly won’t remove difficult decisions from our
lives.(上述过程只是一个工具，它肯定不会从我们的生活中消除困难的决定。)”可知，这些方法并不能消除
我们生活中的困难，E项“But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.(但它可以帮助我
们增加做出积极选择的次数。)”与上文形成转折关系，又承接下文，故选E项。
13.（2023年浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三联考）
As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. 6 1
But others may not have crossed your mind. “A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big
impact in the long run,” says preventive cardiologist Dr. Beth Abramson.
●Get eight hours of sleep.
“When you're not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more stressful,” says Dr. Arya Sharma, a
professor of medicine at the University of Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, our bodies also have more difficulty
controlling blood pressure, inflammation and glucose levels. 6 2
● 6 3
Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in Psychosomatic
Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke.
“We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health,” adds Sharma. “Volunteering gets you out of the house
and creates a social network.”
●Avoid polluted air.
Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Inhaling contaminants formed
from chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides may irritate arteries (动脉) and increase
inflammation. 6 4 Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts, and
spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor.
●Eat breakfast.
A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped
breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who partook in asubstantial morning meal. According to Abramson, you need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.
6 5 If you're eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices.
A．Be social and outgoing.
B．Engage in voluntary work.
C．There are physiological effects of this condition on the body.
D．These factors can all have an impact on cardiovascular (心血管的) health.
E．Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit.
F．Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.
G．Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people with other health risks.
【答案】61．F 62．D 63．B 64．G 65．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何预防心脏病提出了一些建议。
61．根据上文“As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle
choices. (多达80%的早发心脏病是可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防的)”可知，本句主要是在特定生活
方式进行举例：锻炼和控制体重，故F选项“有些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的”符合语境，
故选F。
62．根据上文““When you're not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more stressful,” says Dr.
Arya Sharma, a professor of medicine at the University of Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, our bodies also have
more difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation and glucose levels. (阿尔伯塔大学(University of Alberta)
医学教授Arya Sharma博士说：“当你没有休息好时，生活中发生的每件事都会给你带来更多压力。”如
果我们睡眠不足，我们的身体也会更难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平)”可知，上文提到了血压、炎症和血糖
水平，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这些因素对心血管的影响。故D选项“这些因素都会影响心血管健
康”符合语境，故选D。
63．根据本段内容“Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in
Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart
attack and stroke. “We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health,” adds Sharma. “Volunteering gets you
out of the house and creates a social network.” (为别人做好事有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。2016年发表在《身
心医学》上的一项研究表明，生活中的目标感与心脏病发作和中风的可能性较低有关。“我们知道孤独是
心脏健康的一个风险因素，”夏尔马补充说。“志愿活动可以让你走出家门，建立一个社交网络。”)”可
知，本段的主旨是从事志愿活动，可以有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。故B选项“从事志愿工作”符合语
境，故选B。
64．根据上文“Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Inhaling
contaminants formed from chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides may irritate arteries (动
脉) and increase inflammation. (长期暴露在这种污染中会增加患心脏病的风险。吸入由二氧化硫、碳和氮氧
化物等化学物质形成的污染物可能会刺激动脉并增加炎症)”以及后文“Try to get your outdoor exercise far
away from highways and industrial districts, and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor. (尽量
远离高速公路和工业区进行户外锻炼，在空气质量指数较差的时候多呆在室内)”可知，上文提到了污染对
身体的危害，本句进一步进行补充说明：即使是短时间的接触对有其他健康风险的人来说也是不健康的。故G选项“即使是短时间的接触对有其他健康风险的人来说也是不健康的”符合语境，故选G。
65．根据后文“If you’re eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food
choices. (如果你吃了一顿合适的早餐，你就不太可能在之后感到饥饿，也不太可能做出糟糕的食物选择)”
可知，本句主要针对早餐吃的食物进行建议。故E选项“选择全麦、低脂的早餐食物，包括水果”符合语
境，故选E。
14.（2023年北京市首都师范大学附属中学高三质检试题）
Children love getting dirty. 6 6 But getting muddy could have a powerful effect on their wellbeing,
too.
“Don’t get dirty!” was once a constant family warning, as parents despairingly watched their children spoil
their best clothes. Whether they were running through farmers’ fields, climbing trees or catching tadpoles, it was
inevitable that children’s whites would turn brown before the day was over.
Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt. With the rise of
urbanism, and the temptation of video games and social media, contact with nature is much rarer than in the past.
6 7
What is gained in laundry bills may be lost in the child’s wellbeing. According to recent research, the dirt
outside is teaming with friendly microorganisms. 6 8
Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Natural scenes provide the
perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractible.
Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with ADHD (多动症) were better able to
concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept
urban area. 6 9 The authors recommended using such “doses of nature” as a safe and accessible way of
supporting children with ADHD, alongside other tools.
7 0 For example, the act of mudding and kneading materials like mud or sand can help children
develop the way their senses and movement interact, known as sensorimotor development. This allows the child to
gradually understand his or her bodily signals.
A．For many, there is simply no opportunity to get muddy.
B．Being close to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds.
C．Besides these restorative effects, outdoor play can offer valuable learning experiences.
D．They are drawn to puddles like muddy magnets, with no regard for footwear or the color of their clothing.
E．As for the child’s physical health, the most obvious advantage of outdoor play may be the exercise.
F．People who grow up on farms are less likely to develop asthma, allergies, or auto-immune disorders.
G．They can train the immune system and build resilience to a range of illnesses, including allergies and
asthma.
【答案】66．D 67．A 68．G 69．B 70．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了孩子们在户外玩耍、接触大自然的重要性，并且指出这样做对孩子
们的身心健康及成长有着积极的影响，特别是在现代城市化的生活和环境背景下，更应该注意让孩子们参
与户外活动，乐享大自然。
66．根据前文“Children love getting dirty.(孩子们喜欢弄脏。)”结合下文“But”可知与空处转折，D项“They are drawn to puddles like muddy magnets, with no regard for footwear or the color of their clothing.(他们
像泥泞的磁铁一样被水坑吸引，而不考虑鞋子或衣服的颜色。)”与上下文一致，表明小孩们非常喜欢玩泥
巴，不会顾及自己的衣服和鞋子会被弄脏，这突显出小孩们对于在室外玩耍的渴望，D项“他们被像泥泞
的磁铁一样的水坑吸引，完全不考虑鞋子和衣服的颜色。”符合，故选D项。
67．根据前文“Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt. With
the rise of urbanism, and the temptation of video games and social media, contact with nature is much rarer than in
the past. (今天，许多父母可能暗暗希望他们的孩子有机会捡起一点泥土。随着城市化的兴起，以及电子游
戏和社交媒体的诱惑，与大自然的接触比过去少得多。)”可知现代的城市生活方式和娱乐活动可能与大自
然的接触缺乏，导致了小孩们越来越难以有机会和时间去在户外玩耍，与A项“For many, there is simply
no opportunity to get muddy. (对于许多人来说，根本没有机会变得泥泞。)”与上下文一致，故选A项。
68．根据前文“According to recent research, the dirt outside is teaming with friendly microorganisms. (根据最近
的研究，外面的污垢正在与友好的微生物合作。)”可知，空处会提到微生物的作用，与G项“They can
train the immune system and build resilience to a range of illnesses, including allergies and asthma. (它们可以训练
免疫系统并建立对一系列疾病的适应力，包括过敏和哮喘。)”上下文一致，在泥土或者大自然里面玩耍也
会帮助小孩的免疫系统去建立对很多疾病的的抵抗能力和适应性，包括过敏和哮喘等疾病。故选G项。
69．根据上文“Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with ADHD (多动症) were better
able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-
kept urban area.(支持这一理论，2009年的一项研究发现，与在保存完好的城市地区的街道上步行20分钟相
比，患有多动症的儿童在公园散步20分钟后能够更好地集中注意力。)”可知，大自然场景对小孩的精神和
认知发展会有很好的刺激和帮助，与B项“Being close to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect
on their minds. (靠近草木似乎对他们的思想产生了有益的影响。)”与上下文一致，故选B项。
70．根据下文“For example, the act of mudding and kneading materials like mud or sand can help children
develop the way their senses and movement interact, known as sensorimotor development. This allows the child to
gradually understand his or her bodily signals. (例如，泥浆和揉捏泥或沙子等材料的行为可以帮助儿童发展他
们的感官和运动相互作用的方式，称为感觉运动发展。这使孩子逐渐理解他或她的身体信号。)”可知本段
主要讲述了户外玩耍可以帮助孩子们感觉运动发展，使他们理解他或她的身体信号，这是一种学习经验，
与C项“Besides these restorative effects, outdoor play can offer valuable learning experiences.(除了这些恢复效
果外，户外游戏还可以提供宝贵的学习经验。)”上下文一致，故选C项。
15.（2023年江苏省扬州市高三调研试题）
Nowadays, many of us are finding ourselves tired out, struggling to build balance back into our lives. 7 1
Spending time near oceans, lakes, rivers and other bule spaces can provide a range of benefits including reducing
anxiety, easing mental tiredness and refreshing us. Here is some advice on how to take advantage of the healing
power of water.
72 You likely have some water close by, even if it is just a pond alongside the road. Start there. Then
get out to water you can visit on the weekend or a vacation. Urban water counts—rivers, canals and fountains.
73 If you can’t get to actual water, then paintings, photographs, videos and movies can produce some of the
same benefits. Even virtual reality helps.Go often. A little bit makes a big difference. 74 But an environmental psychologist found that
spending a similar amount of time near water has the same benefits. Even people who look into aquariums(水族箱)
have lower heart rates and better moods after just 15 minutes.
Listen. One of the most calming characteristics of water is its sound, typically steady and soft. The water
sounds people find having the strongest healing power are rain in a rainforest, waves patting a beach, and a running
stream. When the sounds of living things are added to the sounds of water, people like them even better. Make an
audio recording of your favorite water. 75
A．Remember that all water counts.
B．It will bring back happy memories.
C．Stay in a place surrounded by water.
D．According to researchers, water can help us.
E．So does domestic water-in pools, bathtubs, even by fish tanks.
F．Spending some time every day near water can speed up our recovery.
G．It takes at least two hours a week in nature to improve our well-being.
【答案】71．D 72．A 73．E 74．G 75．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一些关于如何利用水的治疗力量的建议
71．根据空前的“Nowadays, many of us are finding ourselves tired out, struggling to build balance back into our
lives.(如今，我们中的许多人都发现自己疲惫不堪，努力恢复生活的平衡)”可知，当前，很多人处于疲惫状
态，在努力地建立生活中的平衡，根据空后的“Spending time near oceans, lakes, rivers and other bule spaces
can provide a range of benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental tiredness and refreshing us.(在海洋、湖
泊、河流和其他蓝色空间附近度过一段时间可以带来一系列好处，包括减少焦虑、缓解精神疲劳和让我们
精神焕发)”可知，与水相关的环境在一起一段时间会有很大帮助，由此可推断，此空处应是承上启下的作
用，指出水可以帮助我们缓解疲惫。D选项“According to researchers, water can help us.(据研究人员称，水
可以帮助我们)”符合题意。故选D项。
72．根据分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，应为祈使句，根据空后的“You likely have some water
close by, even if it is just a pond alongside the road. Start there. Then get out to water you can visit on the weekend
or a vacation. Urban water counts—rivers, canals and fountains.(你附近可能有一些水，即使它只是路边的一个
池塘。从这里开始。然后到你可以在周末或假期参观的水里去。城市用水——河流、运河和喷泉)”可知，
该段讲述的只要是有水的地方就可以，无论是哪里的水，A选项“Remember that all water counts.(记住，所
有的水都可以)”符合题意，概括了本段的主题。故选A项。
73．根据上题分析的内容，本段讲述的是无论哪里的水都很重要，由此可知，此空处讲述的内容与此相
关，根据空前的“Then get out to water you can visit on the weekend or a vacation. Urban water counts—rivers,
canals and fountains.(然后到你可以在周末或假期参观的水里去。城市用水——河流、运河和喷泉)”可知，
此处讲述的是在周末时间去接触外界的水，E选项“So does domestic water-in pools, bathtubs, even by fish
tanks.(家庭水池、浴缸，甚至鱼缸也是如此)”讲述的内容是家里的水也很重要，与本段主题相符，且内容
一致。故选E项。
74．根据本段主题句“Go often.”可知，该段建议人们经常接触水，与时间相关，根据空后的“But anenvironmental psychologist found that spending a similar amount of time near water has the same benefits.(但一位
环境心理学家发现，在水附近呆同样长的时间也有同样的好处)”可知，在水附近花费类似的时间有一样的
好处，根据but可知，此空处的内容与空后内容为转折关系，G选项“It takes at least two hours a week in
nature to improve our well-being.(我们每周至少要花两个小时在大自然中才能改善我们的健康)”可知，每周
在大自然中待至少两个小时会改善健康，与空后的“在水边花费相似的时间”以及“起到一样的效果”意
义相符。故选G项。
75．根据本段的主题句“Listen.”以及空前的“Make an audio recording of your favorite water.(录制您最喜欢
的水的录音)”可知，本段讲述的是听水声对身体健康是有用的，空前讲述的是录制一段最喜欢的水的录
音，由此可知，此空处应是这样做的效果，B选项“It will bring back happy memories.(它会带回快乐的回
忆)”符合题意，承接空前内容。故选B项。
用适当的单词填空
1. （2023年全国乙卷）
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung
heroes of the home. ____ 3 6____ , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving
their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and
are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____ 3 7____ .
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ ____ 3 8____ . I find during the winter months,
plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants
can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or
cooking. ____ 3 9____ .
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy
plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and
you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ ____ 4 0____ ,” Spoelstra says.
“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the bestF. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. E 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植
物。
【36题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情),
reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆
力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此
可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the
winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的
环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相
反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几
个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many
benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful
gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表
明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有
害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are
among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，
符合语境。故选E。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-
which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾
它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the
requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引
起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home
and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍
了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
2. （2023年全国甲卷）
Tricks To Becoming A Patient PersonHere’s a riddle: n. 谜What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?
There’s one answer. 3 6 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,
research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
3 7 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research
suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit
of waiting is to practice. 3 8 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra
minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply
it to other, more annoying situations.
● 3 9 .
So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only state we will tolerate, and when we
experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to
say to yourself, “ 4 0 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A．Find your causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】36．G 37．E 38．B 39．C 40．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
36．根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in
common? There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案
只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要
耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
37．根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even
more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文
““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大
学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本
句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项
“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
38．根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before
going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的
事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
39．根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and
when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的
许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”
可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受
不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
40．根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then
gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，
本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故
选F。
3. （2022年新高考I卷）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason
was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read:
“___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able
to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit—
your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
36.根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One
reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊
登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就
会去锻炼。”)”以及后文“With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微
妙) competition. (有一个锻炼伙伴，你将会努力训练，因为你们之间有一个微妙的竞争)”可知，空处陈述另
一个和别人一起锻炼的理由，故选项应与后文是顺承关系，选项C中的“train with someone else”与后文的
“With a workout partner”相对应，选项C“You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一
起训练，你会更努力)”符合语意。故选C项。
37.根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么)”和
后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体
健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的，故空处与后文是选
择关系，你要知道你锻炼是为了什么。所以选项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
(你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”与后文在语意上构成选择关系。故选D项。38.根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result
in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应)”和后文
“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那
个人一定是同一个健身房的)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。选项B中的“live close by”与后
文的“belong to the same gym”相对应，选项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常
需要住在附近)”与下文是顺承关系。故选B项。
39.根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of
training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and
her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在
了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小
时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码)”可知，本段作者以自己
的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选项 G“Any notice for a training partner
should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息)”是对上文内容的总结，符合语
意。故选G项。
40.根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能)”和后
文“Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more
physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. (久而久之，
你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。你们关系的核心是你们永远在一
起互相帮助)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。选项 F 中的“differences”对应前文的
“different skills”，选项中的“work with each other”对应后文的“be there to help each other”，故选项F“Just
accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)”起到承上启下的
作用，符合语意。故选F项。
4. （2023年全国甲卷）Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___36___. Knowing
some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the
world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
___37___.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect
you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never
touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___39___. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. ___40___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事项。
36.根据后文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no
matter where you are in the world.(知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——
无论你在世界的哪个地方。)”可知，此处是指要学习一些用餐礼节以避免在用餐时犯错误，所以选项D“不
要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误”切合文意。故选D。
37.根据前文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with
the edge of the table in front of you.(当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它
们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了。)”可知，此处是讲筷子的摆放方式，所以选项F“不要把它们直立在食物
中，也不要在使用时交叉放置”切合文意，选项中的them指的就是本段中的chopsticks。故选F。38.根据前文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France
expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.(在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望
你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭。)”可知，此处举例说明几个地方的用餐方式，且根据后文“instead preferring to
use their hands(相反更喜欢用手)”可知，此处是指不喜欢用餐具用餐，所以选项C“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭
是不合适的”切合文意。故选C。
39.根据小标题“Making Requests”(提出要求)可知，此处是讲在用餐时提出要求，根据后文“In Portugal,
this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. (在葡萄牙，这
将是一个严重的错误，因为这表明你不喜欢厨师的调味技巧。)”可知，后文中的this是指要求额外的调
料，所以选项G“吃饭时要盐和胡椒似乎是一个简单的请求”切合文意。故选G。
40.根据后文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices(你就会对它的外国文
化习俗感到越舒服)”可知，此处句式为“the more...,the more...”，且its是指“国家的”，所以此处是指在一
个国家待的时间越久，选项B“你在某个国家待的时间越久”切合文意。故选B。
5. （2022年全国乙卷）Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-
distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___36___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be
contacted and what method works best for you both. ___37___. There are alternatives to constant written
communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on
the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may
feel abandoned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology
might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a
diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
__40___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try
to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
36.根据上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打
电话）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并
坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。37.根据上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be
contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频
率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他们喜
欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives to constant written
communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选
择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊）对E项中的“methods of communication”进行了举例说明，上下文语意
连贯。故选E项。
38.根据下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环
境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一
方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left
behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题
意。故选G项。
39.分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文
“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异
地友谊而言是非常重要的）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，
由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“Remember important dates”（记得重要的日子），所以
A项符合题意。故选A项。
40.设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious
effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系）讲的是我们
要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社
交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require
more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on
technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。
6. （2022年浙江卷6月）I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists.
They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提
示)on where to buy their presents. ____36____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is
to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____37____ And when writing
doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about
doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____38____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____39____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are
constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use
informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____40____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A．It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B．But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C．The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D．As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E．You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F．As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G．But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【答案】36．D 37．B 38．E 39．F 40．G
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论
证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
36．根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their
presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣
诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
(结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果
关系。故选D项。
37．根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带
着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应
该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。38．根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words
accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后
“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱
的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实
践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项 E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you
are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结
构一致。故选E项。
39．根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面
信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people
are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一
致，符合语境。故选F项。
40．根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the
job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响
下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. (但如
果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的
写作。故选G项。
7. （2022年北京卷）
Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore
our health. ____15____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
____16____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not
have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____17____ This does not
definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____18____ For instance, we must
exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age
groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It
helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____19____ This, in turn, gives us
new goals of health and fitness.
A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.G．This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
【答案】15．G 16．B 17．D 18．F 19．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的
方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
15．根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we
tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会
忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of our
body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康
可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项
“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其
他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下
文语境。故选G项。
16．根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我
们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句
首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”
概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
17．根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak
body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾
病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，
根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病
并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病
这样一种状况，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感
冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we
may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
18．根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间
在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise
daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知
我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项
“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该
做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
19．根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune
(免疫) system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们
的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new
goals of health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和
健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It also helps in keepingus calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们
的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
8. （2022年浙江卷1月）I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice that allow me to make the
most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. ____11____
Pick the most important.
____12____ Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like
to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I
want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. ____13____ Find
ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find
people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and
activities you love.
____14____
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that
can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain
back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and
keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence. ____15____ Every completion is a small victory that
adds up in a big way.
A．Speed up.
B．Be an active learner.
C．Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D．Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E．The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F．Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G．This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【答案】11．F 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．G
【分析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
11．上文“I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the
most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，
让我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松)”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐和轻
松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项
中的“help you make the most of your time”与上文“to make the most of every day”一致，“tips”引出下文的
建议，因此F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。12．根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on spending time
that for you is fun and productive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上)”说明要挑选一些有趣
的和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的“the most important”一
致，下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选
D。
13．上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.( 许
多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间)”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中
如何分配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.( 找到一种结合的方式来享受它们)”
说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C项“不
要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
14．空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there
are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important.
Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back
an hour here or there. (你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节
省出做日常事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方法)”
可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效
的学习者。因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
15．下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，
累积起来就是一个大的胜利)”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项
“这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The world won't
come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining (改
进) toward a happy productive existence.( 在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆祝
进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在)”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选G。
9. （2021年全国乙卷）According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself
interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first
time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do
you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking
to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If
you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at
a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬).
___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。
36.上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”说明
晚宴上让自己变得有趣是不太困难的，以及下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,
trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和
陌生人交谈)”说明在晚宴上让自己变得有趣的方法，B项“第一步是去探索”承上启下，符合题意。故选
B项。
37.下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以引入“我有这辆破旧的车”或
“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是开启了对话)”说明得到回答，开启对
话，C项“如果你问问题“你是怎么到达这里的？”提出问题，引出下文，符合题意。故选C项。
38.下文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. (如果你不能拿走
他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方)”说明要采取方法，拿走他们的酒或者让他们离开讲话的地
方，F项“喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办”提出问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选 F
项。39.上文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re
the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如
果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做
点什么，只是为了让他们从那种情景中离开)”说明面对喝太多酒或者一直说个不停的人时，可以采取的方
法，E项“或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题”提出另一种解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选 E
项。
40.上文“If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone
talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的
方法就是赞美主人)”说明赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，以及下文“This cake is extremely delicious and you
have to tell me all about it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”说明对主人进行赞美的具体做法，G项
中He or she 指代上文中的主人，G项“他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬的人”承上启下，符合题意。故选G
项。
10.（2021年新高考I卷）My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically
expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the
hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked.
____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect
French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of
weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.
Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39___ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I
bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were
the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The
French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a
group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和丈夫在巴黎待了一段时间了解到的法国人的一些生活习惯的
经历。
36.下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.
(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵第六层的公寓，只有一个橱柜那么大)”说明作者和丈夫采取
行动，租了昂贵的公寓，F项“我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上能像真正的巴黎人那样生活。”
说明作者和丈夫租昂贵公寓的原因，引出下文，符合题意。故选F项。
37.上文“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing worked.(与普通的巴黎公寓不同，水管工作正常)”
说明作者租的公寓的情况，C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”继续说明公寓的配置，承接上文，
符合题意。故选C项。
38.下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor
bombs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”说明法国的草莓很美味，G
项中delicious是关键词，G项“食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐”引出下文，符合题意。
故选G项。39.下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都
认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是很贵，E项“这并不是法国
人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”承接上文法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，并引出下文，说明法国人吃的少的
另一个原因“物价昂贵”。故选E项。
40.上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life.
French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的
咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”说明了法国人会去咖啡馆，认为生活质量比效率更重要，以及下文“When do these
people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”说明咖啡馆中的顾客有法国人，A项中customer符合咖啡馆的情境
设定，A项“并不是所有的顾客都是游客。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A项。
