文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．blog n．博客 vi.写博客
2．blog post博文；博客帖子
3．blogger n．博客作者；博主
4．identity n．身份；个性
5．identity card身份证
6．database n．数据库；资料库
7．software n．软件
8．network n．(互联)网络；网状系统；人际网 vt.将……连接成网络；联播 vi.建立工作关
系
9．province n．省
10．resident n．居民；(美国的)住院医生 adj.(在某地)居住的
11．battery n．电池
12．Wi-Fi n．无线保真(用无线电波而非网线在计算机网络传输数据的系统)
13．button n．按钮；纽扣
14．file n．文件；文件夹；档案
15．troll n．发挑衅帖子的人；恶意挑衅的帖子
16．cyberbully n．网霸 vt.& vi.网络欺凌
17．guideline n．准则；指导原则
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．engine n．引擎；发动机；火车头
2．search engine (互联网上的)搜索引擎
3．chat vi.聊天；闲聊
4．stream vt.流播(不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频)；流出 vi.流动 n．小河；溪流
5．cash n．现金；金钱
6．update vt.更新；向……提供最新信息 n．更新；最新消息7．stuck adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)
8．surf vt.& vi.浏览；冲浪
9．charity n．慈善；慈善机构(或组织)
10．tough adj.艰难的；严厉的
11．conference n．会议；研讨会；正式会谈
12．plus conj.而且；此外 n．加号；优势 prep.加；另加
13．function n．功能；作用；机能 vi.起作用；正常工作；运转
14．confirm vt.确认；使确信
15．press vt.按，压；敦促
16．discount n．折扣 vt.打折
17．click vt.& vi.点击
18．target n．目标；对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标
19．particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的
20．upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
21．author n．作者；作家
22．tip n．忠告；诀窍；实用的提示
23．case n．盒；箱；情况；案件
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．convenient adj.方便的；近便的→convenience n．便利；方便→inconvenience n．不便；
麻烦
2．benefit n．益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有利的；有益的；受益的
3．distance n．距离→distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的→distantly adv.远离地；疏远地
4．inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；使人振奋的→inspired adj.
借助于灵感创作的；品质优秀的；能力卓越的→inspiration n．灵感；启发
5．access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取→accessible
adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的
6．account n．账户；描述→accountant n．会计员；会计师
7．privacy n．隐私；私密→private adj.私人的；秘密的→privately adv.私下地
8．theft n．偷(窃)；盗窃罪→thief n．小偷
9．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗鲁，粗暴
10．false adj.假的；错误的→falsity n．虚假；不真实；错误
11．embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的→embarrassed adj.感到难堪(尴尬)的
→embarrassment n．尴尬
12．familiar adj.熟悉；熟知→unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的→familiarity n．熟悉；通晓
13．define vt.给……下定义；界定；解释→definition n．定义，释义1．grin /ɡrIn/ vi.& vt.露齿而笑；咧着嘴笑 n．露齿的笑；咧着嘴笑
2．with enthusiasm有热情
3．acquaintance /ə'kweIntəns/ n．认识的人；熟人
4．harsh /hɑːʃ/ adj.恶劣的；残酷的；刺耳的
5．wipe /waIp/ vt.& n．擦；拭；抹
6．companion /kəm'pæniən/ n．旅伴；伙伴；陪护
7．shortcut /'ʃɔːtkʌt/ n．近路；捷径
8．weary /'wIəri；NAmE 'wIri/ adj.疲惫的；疲倦的；感到不耐烦的 vt.使疲劳；使疲倦；
(对……)失去兴趣
9．shortly /'ʃɔːtli/ adv.马上；立刻；不久
10．enrich /In'rItʃ/ vt.充实；使丰富；使富有
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．keep sb company陪伴某人
2．now that既然；由于
3．go through经历；度过；通读
4．in shape状况良好
5．keep track of掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
6．make fun of取笑；戏弄
7．keep (...) in mind牢记
8．wait in line排队
9．out of work失业
10．apply for申请
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.
(现在分词短语作后置定语)
讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。
2．She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach
older people how to use computers and the Internet.(so...that...如此……以至于……)
她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。
3．This app keeps you updated on all your favourite topics.(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
这个应用程序可以让你随时获取到关于所有你最喜欢的话题的最新信息。
4．A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online.(in
order to do作目的状语)
网络挑事者就是在网上发表评论或问题以挑起事端的人。
5．However，the more polite you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked.(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...)
但是，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．identity n．身份；个性
2．database n．数据库；资料库
3．software n．软件
4．network n． ( 互联 ) 网络；网状系统；人际网 vt. 将 …… 连接成网络；联播 vi.建立工作关
系
5．blog n．博客 vi.写博客
6．resident n． 居民； ( 美国的 ) 住院医生 adj. ( 在某地 ) 居住的
7．troll n．发挑衅帖子的人；恶意挑衅的帖子
8．button n．按钮；纽扣
9．file n．文件；文件夹；档案
10．guideline n．准则；指导原则
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共15分)
1．chat vi.聊天；闲聊
2．stream vt.流播(不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频)；流出 vi.流动 n．小河；溪流
3．cash n．现金；金钱
4．update vt.更新；向……提供最新信息 n．更新；最新消息
5．stuck adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)
6．function n．功能；作用；机能 vi.起作用；正常工作；运转
7．confirm vt.确认；使确信
8．press vt.按，压；敦促
9．target n．目标；对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标
10．particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的
11．upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt.使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
12．discount n．折扣 vt.打折
13．tip n．忠告；诀窍；实用的提示
14．case n．盒；箱；情况；案件
15．engine n．引擎；发动机；火车头
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分)
1．account n．账户；描述→accountant n．会计员；会计师2．privacy n．隐私；私密→private adj.私人的；秘密的→privately adv.私下地
3．theft n．偷(窃)；盗窃罪→thief n．小偷
4．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗鲁，粗暴
5．false adj.假的；错误的→falsity n．虚假；不真实；错误
6．familiar adj.熟悉；熟知→unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的→familiarity n．熟悉；通晓
7．define vt.给……下定义；界定；解释→definition n．定义，释义
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．acquaintance n．认识的人；熟人
2．companion n．旅伴；伙伴；陪护
3．grin vi.& vt.露齿而笑；咧着嘴笑 n．露齿的笑；咧着嘴笑
4．shortly adv.马上；立刻；不久
5．enrich vt.充实；使丰富；使富有
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．keep sb company 陪伴某人
2．now that 既然；由于
3．wait in line 排队
4．in shape 状况良好
5．make fun of 取笑；戏弄
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．I’m sorry for the inconvenience caused by my mistakes.Is it convenient for you to come on
Thursday？If not，you can come at your convenience.(convenient)
2．The club is beneficial to those who want to learn Chinese.Join it，and you will benefit a lot
from it.(benefit)
3．My parents live in a distant city but the Internet removes the distance in a way.(distant)
4．Hearing his inspiring speech，I was greatly inspired.The inspiration I got from it was that I
should start my own business.(inspire)
5．The website is not accessible to all people；only those who know the password have access
to it.(access)
6．The girl felt embarrassed when seeing the embarrassing pictures.She turned away with
embarrassment.(embarrass)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．Whenever or however you take notes，do keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.
2．To stay in shape，Kathy takes exercise three times a week and keeps track of the latestinformation on health.
3．Now that you have been out of work，you should refresh your spirit and search for a new job.
4．I’d be quite grateful if you could spend some time going through my application form and
making some changes.
5．I am writing with the purpose of applying for the job in your company.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
1．北京有众多的名胜古迹，是一个能给游客留下长久印象的城市。(现在分词短语作后置定
语)
With numerous places of interest，Beijing is a city leaving a lasting impression on its visitors.
2．我是如此尴尬，我感觉脸上火辣辣的，心里七上八下。(读后续写之尴尬心理描写)
(so...that...)
I was so embarrassed that I felt my face burning，and I had butterflies in my stomach.
3．为了学好英语，你必须每天大声朗读英语课文。(in order to do)
In order to learn English well，you must read English texts loudly every day.
4．他说得越多，就越生气。(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...)
The more he talked，the angrier he became.
For Lily，it is really convenient to chat and stream videos online.Meanwhile，she can
keep herself 1.updated(update) with information from large databases and share her life on the
Internet.However ， her father was strongly against what she did and warned her 2.to
protect(protect) her privacy in case of identity theft.He was afraid that Lily might become a
target for trolls and cyberbullies when 3.chatting(chat) with others or be stuck in some
unnecessary problems.Instead of reminding Lily to keep in mind some tips and guidelines
about online safety so as not to be cheated by false information，he asked Lily to stay away from
the Internet totally,4.which made Lily upset and choose a university out of her province after
graduation.Without Lily keeping him company ， her father went through a
5.particularly(particular) tough time.He couldn’t keep track of Lily because of the
distance.When told he could have access 6.to social networks by pressing a few buttons or
clicking the mouse，he was a bit disapproving 7.but inspired.He determined to have a try.How
8.embarrassing(embarrass) it was when he was made fun of for not having an account！
Fortunately，it wasn’t long 9.before he was familiar with the functions of Wi-Fi and
search engine and able to surf the Internet.Now he is a blogger who，like his daughter，
Lily ， updates blog posts every few days ， enjoying the benefits and
10.convenience(convenient) of the Internet.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
convenient adj.方便的；近便的；便利的(convenience n．[U]便利；方便；[C]便利设施
inconvenience n．不便 inconvenient adj.不方便的；不便利的)
·It is convenient for sb to do sth. 某人方便做某事。
·at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候
at your earliest convenience(正式用语)(书信用语)尽早；尽快
for convenience为了方便起见
(1)Due to its poor quality and much inconvenience(convenient) it has caused，I wonder whether
you can do something about it.
(2)我想知道本周五早上8点在演讲厅见面对你来说是否方便。如果不方便，你可以定一个
你方便的时间。(应用文写作之邀请信)
I am wondering if it is convenient for you to meet in the lecture hall at 8：00 am this Friday.If
not，you can decide on a date at your convenience.
(3)如果您能尽早给我回信，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之结束语)
I would appreciate it if you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.
benefit n．益处；利益；好处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于(beneficial adj.有利的；有益的；受益
的)
·for the benefit of sb ＝for one’s benefit为了某人的利益
·benefit from/by...从……中受益/获益
·be beneficial to...＝be of benefit to...对……有益；对……有利
(1)Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study
shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely beneficial to human well-being.(benefit)
(2023·新课标Ⅱ改)
(2)我相信，以中国美食、手工艺品和书法为特色的研讨会将有利于所有交换生。
(2023·天津6月)
①I am confident that all exchange students will benefit from the workshop which features Chinese
cuisine，handicrafts and calligraphy.
②I am confident that the workshop featuring Chinese cuisine，handicrafts and calligraphy will
benefit/be of benefit to/beneficial to all exchange students.
distance n．距离；远方(distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的 distantly adv.远离地；疏
远地)
in the distance在远处
at/from a distance隔一段距离；从远处at a distance of在……远的地方
keep sb at a distance对某人冷淡；与某人疏远
within walking distance走着就能到
(1)The tough period I once experienced is a distant(distance) memory for me now.
(2)我们将于下周六在一个距我们学校两千米远的农场进行水果采摘活动。
(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
We’ll hold a fruit-picking activity next Saturday on a farm which is at a distance of two
kilometres from our school.
(3)了解到其他同学总是疏远你，我写信给你一些建议。(应用文写作之建议信)
Learning that other students always keep you at a distance，I am writing to offer you some
suggestions.
(4)你也可以参观城市博物馆，从你住的酒店走着就能到。(应用文写作之建议信)
You can also visit the city museum，which is within walking distance of the hotel where you stay.
access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取(accessible adj.
可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的)
·access to...……的通路；利用……的权利
·have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入
·be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
(1)Now that you haven’t applied for an account，the website is not accessible(access) to you.
(2)我们匆匆往家赶，却发现通往家的唯一通道被堵住了。
We hurried home，only to find that the only access to our home was blocked.
(3)我们可以在网上得到我们想学习的任何东西，因此在线学习让我们受益颇多。
(2021·全国乙，书面表达)
We can access/get access to whatever we desire to learn on the Internet and thus，online learning
benefits us greatly.
account n．账户；描述；账目；说明 v．认为；说明(accountant n．会计员；会计师)
·on account of由于，因为
on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
take account of(＝take...into account/consideration)考虑到……，把……考虑进去
give an account of...叙述/描述……
·account for说明；做出解释；占……(比例)
(1)然而，选择阅读英语书籍和访问英语学习网站的人只分别占到18%和12%。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
However，those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only
account for 18% and 12% respectively.
(2)由于突如其来的大雨，我们更难找到回家的路。
On account of the unexpected heavy rain，we had more difficulty finding our way home.
(3)这位教授警告学生们，在他的课上决不能使用手机。
The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
(4)如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之申请信)
I would be very grateful if you could take my application into account/take account of my
application.
(5)我写信的目的是向您详细讲述我在志愿者项目中难忘的经历。
I’m writing to give you a full account of my unforgettable experience in a volunteer programme.
upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的；不安的 vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；使生气；使不安；
使心烦；打翻；搅乱
·be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦
be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安
·What upsets sb is...让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb to do sth/that...做某事让人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
(1)The author was upset about/over/at his son’s terrible academic performances.
(2)We are upset to hear(hear) that you are suffering from a serious illness and I sincerely hope you
will soon be restored to health.(2020·浙江7月，应用文写作)
(3)让我生气的是，一个男人拿着棍子毫不留情地打了我心爱的狗斯波蒂。
What upset me was that/It upset me that a man with a stick beat my beloved dog Spotty without
mercy.
(4)既沮丧又无助，我静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流淌。(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)
Upset and helpless，I stood silently，tears streaming down my cheeks.
familiar adj.熟悉；熟知(unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的 familiarity n．熟悉；熟知)
sb be familiar with sth某人熟悉某物
sth be familiar to sb某物为某人所熟知
(1)In most cases，home to those people means a sense of familiarity(familiar) and nostalgia(怀
旧)．
(2)As his sincerest fan，I am familiar with all his works；that is to say，all his works are
familiar to me.
(3)作为学校的一名特殊教育老师，我熟悉大卫所面临的挑战并为他的坚定决心感到骄傲。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
As a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and
proud of his strong determination.
case n．盒；箱；事例；事件；情况；病例；案件
in case以防万一
in this/that case假使这样/那样的话
in case of...万一……，如果发生……
in any case无论如何；总之
in no case决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
as is often the case这是常有的事
(1)We’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
(2)我认为你最好给我们一个详尽的解释以防被误解。
In my opinion，you’d better give us a thorough account in case of being misunderstood/in case
you are misunderstood.
(3)正如通常的情况一样，生活不仅包括阳光，还包括风暴。但无论发生什么，我们无论如
何都不应该向困难屈服，也不应该放弃我们的梦想。
As is often the case，life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.But whatever happens，in
no case should we give in to difficulties and on no account should we give up our dreams.
用法点拨 case在定语从句中作先行词且作状语时，从句要用where引导。
go through经历；度过；完成；通过；检查；详细研究；通读
go over复习；(仔细)检查
go out出去；熄灭
go against违背；违反
go up上涨；上升
go ahead前进；开始做；(用于祈使句)干吧，说吧，请吧
go without没有……也可应付；将就
go by (时间)流逝；过去
(1)写出下列句子中go through的汉语意思
①Carefully go through your papers before handing them in.检查
②Obviously，that was something she should not go through alone.经历
③You do not have to rush—as you have a year to go through the project.完成
④Let’s go through the facts again.详细研究，仔细琢磨
⑤As you go through this book，you will find that each of the people who lived through WorldWar Ⅱ had a different experience.浏览；翻阅
⑥Cyclists jump on and off pavements，ride at high speed along the pavements，and think they
have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.通过
(2)用go短语的正确形式填空
I make it a rule to go over what I have learned before going to bed every day.The moment I
determined not to go against the rules of memory，I immediately went ahead.With time going
by，my English grades go up dramatically.
the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... However，the more polite you are，the less likely it is
you will be attacked.但是，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
此句型为“the more...the more/less...越……就越/就越不……”。这是一个复合句，其中前面
的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。此句型中的比较级代表的是形容词或副词的比较
级。主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。若主句的时态用一般将来时，则从句的时
态要用一般现在时表示将来。
(1)你越用功，进步就会越大。(应用文写作之建议信)
The harder you work ， the greater progress you will make.
(2)Jane在森林里走得越远，她越紧张焦虑。(读后续写之心理描写)
The further Jane went in the forest ， the more nervous and anxious she became .
(3)她越想这件事，越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厉害。(读后续写之心理描写)
The more she thought about it ， the more frightened she felt ，her palms sweating and her heart
pounding wildly.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．tip
(1)She tipped the waiter two dollars for his service. D
(2)After I had my hair cut，I gave the hairdresser a generous tip. A
(3)With the box tipping over，out came the little one，who was not shy and instantly got
familiar with Poppy.(2020·浙江1月) E
(4)Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—
no matter where you are in the world.(2022·全国甲) B
(5)And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to
Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego，the southernmost tip of the South American
mainland.(2022·全国甲) C2．tough
(1)It was his tough character that resulted in his final success. B
(2)Don’t be tough on him；after all，he was only trying to help. D
(3)This kind of steak is so tough that it is not suitable for little children. C
(4)In industry，diamond can form a tough，non-corrosive(耐腐蚀的) coating for tools. A
(5)Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and
high school kids.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) E
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)He stood up suddenly，upsetting a cup of coffee.打翻
(2)Some animals died out due to the fact that they were particular about food.挑剔的
(3)Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better.定位
(4)Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured objects and could be works of
art in their own right.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) ( 印刷 ) 媒体
(5)In the evening，rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace，with golden light
streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink.流动；流过
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．A good one can sometimes find you discounted(discount) tickets.(2023·浙江1月)
2．Observing the laws of nature is beneficial(benefit) to human beings as well as other creatures.
3．Once the registration form is received and processed，we will send a confirmation(confirm)
email within two business days.(2022·新课标Ⅱ)
4．On average，it takes me about fifteen minutes to cover the distance(distant) from home to
school.
5．I am making progress in maths on account of the teacher’s help.
6．Mother was so moved that her eyes were shining with tears of great joy.(读后续写之情感描
写)
7．What upset the couple was that they couldn’t find their pet after they searched the whole
neighbourhood.
8．I set an alarm to remind me of the time in case I was late for the appointment.
9．Effective measures have been taken(take) to protect Tibetan antelopes from being attacked
for profit so far.
10．Sam walked her to a nearby convenience(convenient) store so that she could safely wait for
the police to take her home.随着网络的普及，网购成了我们日常生活的一部分。请你就“网上购物”这一主题写一
篇英语短文。内容包括：
1.“网上购物”的现状；
2.“网上购物”的利弊；
3.你对“网上购物”的看法。
完成句子
1．随着互联网的日益普及，网上购物在当今世界普遍使用。(with复合结构)
2．它有许多对我们有益的好处。(benefit；现在分词短语作后置定语)
3．你可以在任何时间、任何地点买到你需要的任何东西，这很方便。(It is convenient for sb
to do)
4．然而，正如通常的情况一样，事物都有两面性，网上购物也是如此。(as is often the case)
5．除了担心产品的质量，最让客户不安的是不完善的支付系统可能会导致个人信息的泄露。
(upset；what引导主语从句)
6．就我而言，只要我们时刻牢记网络安全，就有可能避免这些麻烦。(keep...in mind)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
With the Internet getting increasingly popular，online shopping is commonly used throughout
the world nowadays.
It has a number of advantages benefiting us.It is convenient for you to buy whatever you need
at any time and in any place，which can not only save our time but also save our money for our
busy life.However ， as is often the case ， every coin has two sides ， so does online
shopping.Besides the concern about the quality of the products，what upsets customers most is that
the imperfect payment system may contribute to revealing personal information.
As far as I am concerned，as long as we constantly keep the online safety in mind，it is
possible to avoid these troubles.
教材语料整合[情感描写] stuck；inspire→inspiring→inspired；tough；rude；be particular
about；embarrass→embarrassing→embarrassed；upset；familiar
亮词
[动作描写] chat；stream；update；keep sb company；surf；benefit；go
through；confirm；press；keep track of；click；make fun of；keep...in mind
1.At age 50，she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her
computer to keep her company.(拟人修辞)
2.She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT
club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.(情感描写)
3.She no longer feels lonely，and her company has become quite successful.(情
美句 感描写)
4.When you go through tough times，you meet others who are facing similar
challenges.Thinking about other people’s situations inspired me to offer help.
(主旨升华)
5.However，the more polite you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked.(对
比手法)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：伤心、难过
broken-hearted adj.极度悲伤的；heartbroken adj.心碎的，极为伤心的；
gloomy adj.悲观的；沮丧的；desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n．绝望；
单词 grieve v．使伤心→grieved adj.悲痛的；sad adj.伤心的→sadness n．悲哀；
悲伤；悲痛；sorrow n．悲伤→sorrowful adj.伤心的；bitter adj.痛苦的；
miserable adj.悲惨的；令人痛苦的
get a face like a wet weekend愁云惨淡；be in a bad mood/feel blue心情不好；
shed tears of sorrow流下痛苦的眼泪；in the depth of sorrow/deep in sorrow极
词块 度悲伤；reduce...to tears使伤心得流泪；burst into tears号啕大哭；down in
the mouth垂头丧气，嘴角下垂；floods of tears泪如决堤；be overcome with
sadness悲伤不已
1.He seemed quite broken-hearted，and even cried a little.他似乎悲痛欲绝，
甚至还流了些泪。
2.When we bade farewell，I had a lump in my throat.当我们说再见时，我哽
咽起来。
3.She wept bitter tears over her lost youth.她为自己逝去的青春痛苦地流
句型
泪。
4.Painful memories flood back.悲伤逆流成河。
5.When we heard the bad news，tears streamed down our cheeks.当我们听到
这个坏消息时，泪水顺着我们的脸颊流下来。
6.Hearing the bad news，so desperate was he that he drowned sadness inwine.(倒装结构)听到这个糟糕的消息，他绝望地借酒消愁。
7.The thought that we will never meet again burns a hole in my stomach.(无
灵主语句)一想到我们再也见不到了，我就心痛。
8.My heart sank into gloominess.我的心陷入忧郁。
语料运用 网络与生活
As a new blogger ， never had she thought she would become a target for
cyberbullies.Thinking of these wild criticisms and sharp comments，①she fell into the depth of
despair.These days she ②was always in a bad mood，wondering why that should happen to
her.③Upset and heartbroken(形容词作状语)，she turned to her friend for comfort.④It was her
friend that/who was always keeping her company(强调句) when she was in trouble.When telling
her story，⑤she had a lump in her throat.She complained that she always ⑥kept good manners
in mind and never made fun of others.Why should they target her? She was totally at a loss and
⑦deep in sorrow now.
作为一名新博主，她从未想过自己会成为网络欺凌的目标。想到这些疯狂的批评和尖锐
的评论，她陷入了绝望的深渊。这些天她总是心情不好，想知道为什么会发生这种事。心烦
意乱之下，她向朋友寻求安慰。正是她的朋友在她遇到麻烦时总是陪伴她。当她讲她的故事
时，喉咙哽咽了。她抱怨说，她总是铭记要彬彬有礼，从不取笑别人。他们为什么要针对她？
她现在完全不知所措，悲痛不已。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A★
(2024·山东烟台期末)
As the world has changed，so has education.Since 2018，Nelly Cheboi and her nonprofit
TechLit Africa have been bringing computer technology into schools in Kenya，helping students
join the digital world，and unlock their potential.With its own software programs，curriculum(课
程) and teacher training programs，this nonprofit hopes to change Africa.
In 2012，Cheboi received a scholarship to College in Illinois that changed her life.She grew
up in poverty in rural Kenya，watching her mother struggle to support her family alone.Cheboi
had no experience with computers before moving to the US to study.She handwrote papers and then
struggled to type them out on a laptop computer.Somehow she fell in love with computer science
and began a career in the field.But she did not lose sight of her origins.“As an undergraduate，I
invested all of my income from various campus jobs into my community back in Kenya，” she
said on the TechLit Africa website.But soon she wanted to do more for it and that is how TechLitAfrica began.
Cheboi recalled how her background helped her understand how important technological
knowledge could be for children living in poverty.She built a school with the idea of bringing
computer science as part of kids’ curriculum growing up.But she found that it was going to be
really hard to impact as many people as possible，because it was so hard to fund raise.Then in
order to reach more students ， she introduced computer training to existing schools.Cheboi
physically dragged over 40 recycled computers that had been donated to them by various tech
companies to Kenya in suitcases.
Now，since the nonprofit has grown，it works with various companies that help them clean
the donated computers of data and send them to Africa.TechLit Africa runs its own curriculum with
its own software programs in 10 Kenyan schools，and the hope is to increase to 100 throughout
Africa by next year.The students love learning about computers，and in turn are gaining skills that
will help them make use of their talents into a way out of poverty.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Nelly Cheboi和她的非营利组织TechLit Africa一
直在将计算机技术带入肯尼亚的学校，让贫困的学生有机会接触数字技术。
1．What has Cheboi been doing since 2018?
A．Boosting her science career.
B．Promoting digital education.
C．Starting a scholarship program.
D．Updating the computer courses.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since 2018，Nelly Cheboi and her nonprofit TechLit
Africa have been bringing computer technology into schools in Kenya，helping students join the
digital world，and unlock their potential.”可知，Cheboi自2018年以来一直在推动数字教育。
故选B。
2．What inspired Cheboi to set up TechLit Africa?
A．Her love for computer science.
B．Her desire to help her hometown.
C．Her dream of supporting her family.
D．Her childhood experience in the US.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘As an undergraduate，I invested all of my income
from various campus jobs into my community back in Kenya，’ she said on the TechLit Africa
website.But soon she wanted to do more for it and that is how TechLit Africa began.”可推知，她
想帮助家乡的愿望激励了她建立TechLit Africa。故选B。3．What do we know about Cheboi from paragraph 3?
A．She hopes to help more kids.
B．She plans to build new schools.
C．She seeks to develop new courses.
D．She calls for donations of computers.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But she found that it was going to be really hard to
impact as many people as possible...Then in order to reach more students ，she introduced
computer training to existing schools.”可知，Cheboi希望帮助更多的孩子。故选A。
4．Which of the following can best describe Cheboi?
A．Sensitive. B．Considerate.
C．Devoted. D．Cooperative.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As an undergraduate，I invested all of my income from
various campus jobs into my community back in Kenya”及第三段中的“Cheboi physically
dragged over 40 recycled computers that had been donated to them by various tech companies to
Kenya in suitcases.”可知，Cheboi将自己的全部收入捐给家乡，并且自己将捐赠的电脑运回
肯尼亚。由此推知，Cheboi是一个很有奉献精神的人。故选C。
B
(2023·浙江1月，C)
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate.Last
week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its
human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses.It takes sentences from its library
of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together.This can lead to the kinds of errors
no human would make.Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a
fundamental problem.As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer
science at Northwestern University, put it：“There’s never a stage at which the system knows
what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what
distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines.A computer
works with symbols.Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into
another.But it does not specify what those symbols mean.Indeed, to a computer, meaning is
irrelevant.Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols.But for
humans, meaning is everything.When we communicate, we communicate meaning.What matters is
not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged butwhat they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that
shapes the content of the symbols in our heads.The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our
heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.It is
this that distinguishes humans from machines.And that’s why, however astonishing Project
Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial
intelligence.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是一款名为Project Debater的软件程序在辩论
赛中击败了人类对手。
5．Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A．To explain the use of a software program.
B．To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C．To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D．To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，Project Debater在一场公开辩论赛中击败了包
括以色列的前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia在内的人类对手，由此推知，作者在第一段提到
Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。
6．What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Arguments. B．Doubts.
C．Errors. D．Differences.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段前三句可知，Project Debater的一些缺点会使它犯一些人类
不会犯的错误，再结合画线词前的such可知，wrinkles指的就是前面提到的errors。故选
C。
7．What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
A．Create rules.
B．Comprehend meaning.
C．Talk fluently.
D．Identify difficult words.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of
meaning...to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater
不能理解意义。故选B。
8．What can we learn from the last paragraph?A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
C★
(2024·江西南昌模拟)
Feeling a hug from each other via the Internet may be a possibility in the near future.A
research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless，soft e-skin that
can both detect and deliver the sense of touch，and form a touch network allowing one-to-
multiuser interaction.It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate(模拟) the sense of touch in the
virtual world，they provide only touch sensing or touch response.The uniqueness of the novel e-
skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7cm×10cm,4.2mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators(驱动器)，a
microcontroller unit，a Bluetooth module，and other electronics on a flexible circuit board.The
actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin.Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force，a
current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter(转
换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth.When the signals are received，a current is
caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration(振
动)．The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the
corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the Internet with
smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch，and to form a touch Internet of
Things(IoT) system ， where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be
realized.Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other.This form of
touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human
communication.
Next ， the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual
disability，who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille
messages.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电
子皮肤。
9．What is the unique feature of the e-skin?A．It provides hugs for users.
B．It builds a social network.
C．It provides touch sensing and copying.
D．It monitors the process of self-sensing.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform
self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface.”可知，这种电子皮肤的独
特之处是提供并复制触感。故选C。
10．What does the underlined word “reversed” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Started. B．Disturbed.
C．Completed. D．Exchanged.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文“When the signals are received...from the receiver’s
e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.”可知，接收器可以接收信号并模拟触觉，
也可以将接收者的电子皮肤产生的震动发送给信号发出者的制动器。由此可知，这个过程是
可以互换的。由此猜测画线词“reversed”意为“互换”，与exchanged同义。故选D。
11．What can we learn about e-skin?
A．It strengthens bonds across distance.
B．Its converter vibrates when working.
C．It sends electrical signals to receivers.
D．Its system delivers touch with phones.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Friends and family in different places...reduces the sense of
distance in human communication.”可知，这种电子皮肤减少了人们交流中的距离感，即它可
以加强跨越距离的联系。故选A。
12．What would be the best title of the text?
A．A Signal-sending Application
B．An Invention for the Disabled
C．A Device for Virtual Interaction
D．A Long-distance Communication
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥
抱”的电子皮肤，它通过提供和传递触感减少人们交流中的距离感。因此C项“一种虚拟
互动的设备”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五You may feel your backbreaking and low-paid part-time summer job isn’t worth your effort.
1 Here are some you can enjoy.
When landing a job，you’ll put yourself into unfamiliar territory and learn how to survive
and develop there. 2 Whether it’s learning a new skill or dealing with a tough boss，you
must rely on yourself for solutions，through which you can build up your self-belief.
Hanging around all summer is a great way to relax，but it won’t contribute to your time
management skill. 3 This skill helps you decide what should be accomplished in a day and
learn how to handle those things to make it happen，which involves prioritizing，planning and
judging how much you can realistically finish.The best way to develop this skill is through
practice.With loads of free time，you’ll likely not have to flex your time-management muscles.
4 Take it easy.Most people change their minds many times before settling on their long-
term career.Getting out into the workforce as a waiter at a cafe may not help you see what it’ll
be like as a doctor but you’ll figure out whether you like to work with people or whether you can
work efficiently under pressure.A summer job helps zero in on your likes and dislikes to evaluate
your strengths and resolve your weaknesses.
Chances are that your social circle is comprised of people in your age group.However，in a
job，you’ll work with diverse groups of people，from whom you’ll learn varying viewpoints
and experiences. 5
A．Working will，though.
B．But such jobs uplift willpower.
C．Not sure of your future profession?
D．Does a summer job help with college?
E．Actually，its added bonuses go beyond your wallet.
F．There’re various confidence-boosting challenges to overcome.
G．You can develop friendships and increase your visibility as well.
语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。你可能会觉得你的暑期兼职工作不值得你付出努力，而实际上
暑期工作能给你带来收入以外的意外收获。
1．答案 E
解析 上文提到你可能会觉得你的暑期兼职工作不值得你付出努力，下文则列举了几项益处，
所以E项中的“Actually”能与上文形成转折关系，“its added bonuses”能与下文提到的好
处相呼应。故选E项。
2．答案 F
解析 下文“Whether it’s learning a new skill or dealing with a tough boss”与 F 项中的
“challenges”指代一致，且 “build up your self-belief”呼应 F 项的“confidence-
boosting”，故选F项。3．答案 A
解析 上文说的是闲逛不会对你的时间管理技能有帮助，下文则说最好的方法是通过实践，
与A项“然而工作可以(帮助你提高时间管理技能)”表达的含义一致，A项中的“though”
与前文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选A项。
4．答案 C
解析 根据下文可知，本段主要说的是如果不确定你未来的职业，不要着急，利用暑期工作
的机会评估一下，帮助你做出选择，与C项“Not sure of your future profession？”表达的含
义一致，故选C项。
5．答案 G
解析 该空上文说的是暑期工作会让你走出你的社交圈，你可以从不同的群体中接触到各种
观点和经历，与G项“你还可以发展友谊，增加受关注度”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
