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全国英语六级历年真题
2012 年 12 月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man and
Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not that the computer will
begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.” You should
writeat least 150wordsbut nomorethan 200words.
Man andComputer
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Directions: Inthispart,you willhave15minutestogo overthepassagequicklyandanswerthe
questionsonAnswerSheet1.For questions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefour choicesmarked
A),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
InaDigitalAge,StudentsStillClingtoPaperTextbooks
They texttheirfriends all daylong. At night, theydoresearch fortheirterm papers on laptops and
commune with theirparents onSkype. But as they walk thepaths ofHamilton College, a
poster-perfect liberal arts school in this upstatevillage, students are stillhauling around bulky,
old-fashioned textbooks-and lovingit.
"The screen won't go blank," said Faton Begolli, ajunior from Boston. "There can't bea virus. It
wouldn't bethe samewithout books. They'vedefined 'academia' (学术)for athousand years."
Thoughtheworld ofprint is receding before a tideofdigital books, blogs and other Web sites,a
generation ofcollege students growing upwith technology appears tobe holdingfast to traditional
textbooks. That loyalty comes at aprice. Textbooksare expensive-a year's worth can cost$700
to$900-and students' frustrations with theexpense, as well as theemergence ofnew technology,
have producedaperplexing array of optionsfor obtainingthem.
Internet retailers likeAmazon andTextbooks.comare sellingnew and used books. They have been
joined byseveral Web services that rent textbookstostudents bythesemester. Some1500college
bookstores are also offering rentals this fall, upfrom 300lastyear. Here at Hamilton, studentsthis
year have anew way toavoid themiddleman:a nonprofit Website, created bythecollege's
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Entrepreneur Club, that letsthem sell used books directly to oneanother. 专家授课 权威讲解 考
试必过
The explosion ofoutlets and formats-including digital books, which are rapidly becoming more
sophisticated- has left somestudents bewildered. After completing thedifficult job of course
selection, they are forced to weigh costversus convenience, analyze theirown studyhabits and
guess which texts they willwant for years to come and which they willnot miss.
"It depends onthecourse," said Victoria Adesoba, astudent at New York University who was
standing outsidethat school's bookstore, a powder-blue bookbag slungover her shoulder“Last
semester, Irented for psychology, and it was cheaper. But forsomething likeorganic chemistry, I
need to keep the book.E-textbooks are good, but it's tempting to go onFacebook, and itcan strain
your eyes."
For all thetalk that her generation is themosttechnologically knowledgeablein history,
paper-and-ink textbooks donot seem destined to disappear anytime soon
According to theNational Association ofCollege Stores, digital books makeupjustunder 3% of
textbook sales, although theassociation expects that share to grow to 10-15% by2012as moretitles
are made available as e-books.
In two recent studies-onebytheassociation and another bytheStudent PublicInterest Research
Groups-three- quarters of thestudentssurveyed saidthey stillpreferred aboundbookto a digital
version.
Many students are reluctant togive uptheability to flip quickly between chapters, writein the
margins and highlight passages, although newsoftware applications are beginning to allowstudents
to usee-textbooks that way.
"Students grew uplearning from printbooks." said Nicole Allen. thetextbooks campaign director
for theresearch groups, "so as they transitionto highereducation, it's not surprising that they prefer
a format that they are most accustomed to."
Indeed, many Hamiltonstudents growpassionate about theweighty volumes they still carry from
dorm room tolecture hall to library, even as they compulsively(克制不住地)check their
smartphones fortextmessages and c-mails.
"I believe that thecodex is oneofmankind's best inventions," said Jonathan Piskor, ajuniorfrom
North Carolina, using theLatin term for book.
That passion may beone reason that Barnes & NobleCollege Booksellers is working so hard to
market its newsoftware application, NOOKstudy, which allowsstudents to navigate c-textbooks on
Macs andPCs. Thecompany, which operates 636campus bookstores nationwide, introduced the
free application last summerin hopes ofluring more students tobuyits electronic textbooks.
"The real obstacle is gettingthem totry it," said Tracey Weber, thecompany's executive
vicepresident.
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The company is giving away "College Kick-Start Kits"to students who download NOOKstudy in
the fall semester, with a dozenclassic c-books likeTheCanterbury Tales and TheScarlet Letter.
CourseSrnart is lettingstudents try any c-textbook free for two weeks.
But not every textbook isavailable in digital or rental format. At Hamilton,for instance, only about
one-fifth ofthetitles are sold as c-textbooks thisfall. Astroll through the campus storerevealed the
price difference. A bookonconstitutional law,for instance, was$189.85 new $142.40used
and$85.45 forrent. (Typically, an e-textbookis cheaper than aused book,though more expensive
than arental.)
The expenseofcollege textbooks, which is estimated tohave risen fourtimes theinflation rate in
recent years, has become such a concern that somepoliticiansare taking upthe cause. Last month,
Senator Charles E. Schumer ofNew York urged morecollege stores to rent books, after asurvey of
38campus bookstores in NewYork Cityand onLong Island byhis office foundthat 16did not
offer theoption.
On Thursday, students at morethan 40colleges nationwide are planning anAffordable Textbooks
Day ofAction to encourage faculty members to assign texts that are less expensive, oroffered free
online.
For now,buying books theold-fashioned way-new orused-prevails. Charles Schmidt, the
spokesman fortheNational Association ofCollege Stores, said that ifa campus storesold a new
bookfor$100, it would typically buythe bookback for$50 at semester's end and sellit to thenext
student for$75.
The buy-back price plunges, however, iftheprofessor drops the bookfrom thesyllabus orifthe
bookstore has bought enough books to meet demand. WhenLouis Boguchwal, majoring in
economics and math, tried to sell a$100 linearalgebra(线性代数)textbookback tothe college
bookstore, hewas offered$15.
"It was insulting," he said. "They give you next to nothing."
Thus, the creation ofHamilton's newnonprofit Web site, get my textbooks. org. So far, traffic has
been light: only about 70books have been soldthis fall. But Jason Mariasis, president ofthe
Entrepreneur Club, said heexpected sales to pick upas word spread.
Mr. Begolli. amember oftheclub, recentlysold three German novels for$17 onthesite. "If I had
sold them back tothebookstore, Iwould have gotten$7 or$8,"hesaid. "The bookstoreis king when
it comes to textbook sales. Wefelt there should besomething for students, bystudents."
Yet somestudentshave to go italone. Rosemary Rocha, an N.Y.U.student pursuing a degree in
hospitality and tourism management, added upher required reading forthe semester: $600."It's
harsh," shesaid. "I'm currently collecting unemployment, sothat's not going tohappen."
Instead, shewaits toborrow thefew copies herprofessors leave onreserve at thelibrary, orrelies
onthe kindness ofclassmates. "My friends willlet meborrow theirbooks inexchange forcoffee or
a sliceofpizza," shesaid. "I very seldom buythetextbooks, but I'm always likea chicken without a
head."
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1.How do students viewpaper textbooks inthis digital age?
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A) They are indispensable towriting term papers.
B) They play an irreplaceablerole in theirstudy.
C)They are inferior toc-books in many ways.
D) They will bereplaced byc-books some day.
2.In what way are printed books frustrating to students?
A) They are tooheavy to carry. C)They cost too much money.
C)They takeuptoo much space. D) They often go outof print.
3.What can students dowith thecreation of thenonprofit Web siteat Hamilton?
A) They can rent new books for anominal fee.
B) They can buybooks,bothused and new, at alower price.
C)They can read onlinebypaying asmall fee.
D) They can sell books toeach otherwithout amiddleman
4.What can we learn about textbooks from VictoriaAdesoba's case?
A) Printed textbookswill not disappear any timesoon.
B) Their cost is students'chief consideration
C)E-books are the first choice oflow-income students.
D) Science students preferprinted textbooks.
5.Whydomoststudents stillpreferthe traditional paper-and-ink textbooks?
A) They can form good learning habits with printed textbooks.
B) They have been used totheir format ever since childhood.
C)They can protect theireyesight usingprinted textbooks.
D) They are passionate about theirphysical presence.
6.What does Tracey Weber think isthebest wayto expand c-textbooksales?
A) Invitestudents to try c-book applications forfree.
B) Update c-book software to meet students' needs.
C)Open morec-book stores onuniversity campuses.
D) Maketheprice of e-textbooksmore attractive.
7.Tocombat thesoaring price oftextbooks, Senator Charles E.Schumer suggeststhat __________.
A) publishers offer more textbooksonline
B) college stores rent books to students
C)college stores rent books to students
D) studentsbuycheaper used books
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8.Louis Boguchwal thought themoney he was offered forhis linear algebra textbook was
________________________________.
9.Despite thelight trafficonHamilton's nonprofit Website, Jason Mariasis was confident that its
bookbusiness would________________________________.
10.Living onunemployment benefits. Rosemary Rochacannot but borrow textbooks
from________________________________.
Part III Listening Comprehension （35 minutes）
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end
of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both
the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there
will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）,
C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter
onAnswer Sheet 2 with asinglelinethrough thecentre.
11.A) Shecan count onthemanfor help. C)Shecan lend theman a sleeping bag.
B) Shehas other plans for thisweekend. D)Shehas got camping gear forrent.
12.A) Theman should keep hiswords. C)Karen always supports herat work.
B) Sheregrets asking theman forhelp. D)Karen can take herto theairport
13.A) He can't afford to go traveling yet. C)Heusually checks his brakes before a trip
B) His trip toHawaii was not enjoyable. D)His trip to Hawaii has used upall his money.
14.A) There was nothingleft except somepie. C)Thewoman is going to preparethedinner.
B) The man has to find something elseto eat. D)Juliehas been invited fordinner.
15.A) Submitnomorethan threeletters. C)Apply tothree graduateschools.
B) Present anewletter ofreference. D) Send Professor Smitha letter.
16.A) He declines to jointhegardening club.
B) He isa professional gardenerin town.
C)He prefers tokeep his gardening skills to himself.
D) He wishes to receiveformal trainingingardening.
17.A) Sculptureis nota typical form of modern art.
B) Modern art cannot express people's true feelings.
C)The recent sculpture exhibitwas not well organized.
D) Many peopledonot appreciate modern art.
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18.A) Bob does nothave much chance to win. C)Bob cannot count onher vote.
B) Shewill votefor another candidate. D)Sheknows theright person fortheposition
Questions 19to22are basedon theconversation youhavejustheard.
19.A) Poormanagement of thehospital. C)Decisions made bythehead technician.
B) The health hazard at herwork place. D)The outdated medical testingprocedures.
20.A) Transfer herto another department. C)Cutdownher workload.
B) Repair theX-ray equipment. D) Allowher togo onleave for two months.
21.A) They are virtually impossibleto enforce. C)Both ofthem have been subject tocriticism.
B) Neither is applicable tothe woman's case. D) Theirrequirements may be difficult to meet.
22.A) Organizea mass strike. C)Try tohelp her get itback.
B) Compensate forher loss. D)Find her abetter paying job.
Questions 23to25are basedon theconversation youhavejustheard.
23.A) In giving concessions. C)In stating your terms.
B) In the concluding part. D) In the preparatory phase.
24.A) He behaves ina way contrary to his real intention.
B) He presents hisarguments ina straightforward way.
C)He responds readily to theotherparty's proposals.
D) He uses lotsof gestures to help make hispoints clear.
25.A) Both may fail when confronting experienced rivals.
B) The honest type is moreeffective than theactor type.
C)Both can succeed depending onthespecific situation.
D) Theactor type works betterin tough negotiations.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear
some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),
C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through thecentre.
PassageOne
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Questions 26to29are basedon thepassageyou havejustheard.
26.A) Theshape ofthecubes used. C)The numberof timesof repeating theprocess.
B) The sizeof theobjects shown.D) Theweight of theboxes movingacross thestage.
27.A) Boys enjoy playing with cubes more than girls.
B) Girls tend toget excited more easily than boys.
C)Girls seem tostart reasoning earlier than boys.
D) Boys pay moreattention to moving objects than girls.
28.A) It isa breakthrough in thestudy ofthenerve system.
B) It may stimulatescientists to makefurther studies.
C)Its result helpsunderstand babies' language ability.
D) Its findings are quitecontrary to previous research.
29.A) Thetwo sides of theirbrain develop simultaneously. C)Their bones mature earlier.
B) They are betterable to adapt to thesurroundings. D) They talk at anearlier age.
PassageTwo
Questions 30to32are basedon thepassageyou havejustheard.
30.A) Thenew security plan forthemunicipal building.
B) The blueprint forthedevelopment ofthe city.
C)The controversy overthe newoffice regulations.
D) Thecity's general budget forthecoming year.
31.A) Whetherthesecurity checks were really necessary.
B) How to copewith thehuge crowds of visitors to themunicipal building
C)Whether thesecurity checks would create long queues at peak hours.
D) Howto train thenewly recruited security guards.
32.A) Irrelevant. B) Straightforward. C)Ridiculous. D)Confrontational.
PassageThree
Questions 33to35are basedon thepassageyou havejustheard.
33.A) He usedtowork as a minerin Nevada. C)He considers himselfa blessed man.
B) He works hard to support hisfive kids.D) He once taught at alocal high school
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34.A) To benearer to Zac's school. C)To cut theirliving expenses.
B) Tolook after her grandchildren.D) To help with thehousehold chores.
35.A) Skeptical. B) Optimistic. C)Indifferent. D)Realistic.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the
first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for
the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the
exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required
to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words
you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when
the passageisread forthethird time, you shouldcheck whatyou havewritten.
Mountain climbing isbecoming popularsport, but it isalso a (36)_______dangerous one. People
can fall; they may also become ill. One of the most common dangers to climbers is altitude sickness,
which can affect even very (37)_______climbers. Altitudesickness usually begins when aclimber
goes above 8000or9000feet. The higherone climbs, theless oxygen there isin theair. When
people don't get enough oxygen, they often begin to(38) _______forair. They may alsofeel (39)
_______and light-headed. Besides these symptoms ofaltitudesickness, others suchas headache and
(40) _______may also occur. At heights ofover 18000feet, peoplemay be climbingin a (41)
_______daze（恍惚）.This state ofmindcan have an (42) _______effect ontheir judgment.
A few (43)_______can help mostclimbers avoidaltitudesickness. The firstis notto go toohigh
too fast. If you climb to 10000feet, stay at that height foraday ortwo. (44) _______.Orif you do
climb highersooner, come back down toa lower height when you sleep. Also,drink plenty of
liquids and avoid tobacco and alcohol. (45)_______. You breathe less when you sleep, so you get
less oxygen. Themost importantwarning is this:ifyou have severe symptoms and they don't go
away, go down! (46)_______.
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth） （25 minutes）
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read
the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the
fewest possiblewords. Pleasewriteyour answers onAnswer Sheet 2.
Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
America continues toget fatter, according toa new report onthe nation's weight crisis. Statistics for
2008-2010 show that 16states are experiencing steep increases in adult obesity, and none has seen a
notable downturn inthelast fouryears.
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Even Coloradans, long thenation's slimmestcitizens, are gaining excess pounds. Withan obese
population of19.8%, itis theonly statewith an adult obesity rate below20%.But injustthe last
four years, theranks oftheobese even inColorado have grown 0.7%.
Getting out oftheproblem willnot be simple, said Jeffrey Levi, executivedirector ofthe Trust for
America's Health. Thereport emphasized theneed for arange of measures, includingboosting
physical activity inschools, encouraging adults to get out andexercise, broadening access to
affordable healthy foods and using "pricing strategies" to encourage Americans tomake betterfood
choices.
"Until thegovernment takes onthefood industry, we'll continue to seetheappalling numbers in this
report," said Kelly Brownell, director ofYale University's Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity.
"Government could start bychanging agricultural subsidies, bynot making it financially attractive
for companies tomarket unhealthy foods,byplacing serious restrictions onmarketing to children,
and with financial policies that make healthy foods cost less and unhealthy foods cost more."
About 30 years after the United States started seeing a steep rise inthe weight ofchildren and adults,
the illnesses most closely linked to obesityhave begun adramatic upturn. Diabete(糖尿病)rates in
12states havejumped significantly, nowaffecting as many as 12.2%of adults inAlabama--the
statewith thehighest obesity rates.
Obesity remains acondition disproportionately affecting those with pooreducation andlowincome,
and closely tied tominority status. Among African American adults,obesity topped 40/ain15
states. Among Latinos, ittopped 30%in23states.
In contrast, among white adults,obesity rates were higher than 3O%inonly fourstates, and in no
statetopped 32.1%. Nearly athird of high school dropouts are obese, compared with 21.5% of
thosewho graduated from college ortechnical school.
For children, thepicture from thereport is slightly better, said Dr. Francine Kaufman, an obesity
specialist at Children's Hospital Los Angeles. "Children are for themostpart holdingsteady." she
said.
Kaufman added that thereport's clear message-that obesity takes itsgreatest tollinlow-income and
minority communities-underscores that "assistance programs are definitely required" to help those
populations.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
47.Compared with peoplein otherstates. Coloradans have longbeen considered relatively____.
48.The newreport advises encouraging Americans tobuyhealthy foods byadopting____.
49.Tocurb theincreasing obesity rate, thegovernment should firstof all adjustits____.
50.What has happened intheUS shows that there is ____between diabetes and obesity.
51.Who are mostaffected byobesity in theUnited States according to Francine Kaufman?
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）and
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D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter
onAnswerSheet 2with asinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions 52to56are basedon thefollowing passage.
Is 20th-century capitalism failing 21st-century society? Members of theglobal elitedebated that
unusual question at theannual World EconomicForum
It is encouraging that more than three years sincetheglobal financial crisis, abelated (迟到的)
process ofsoul-searching has begun in search oftheright lessons tolearn from it.
There is a great difference, however, between being willing totalk about an issueandbeing ready
to act.
It is a difference between thosewho stillbelieve that all governments can dois get out oftheway
and thosewho believe there isa real rolefor governments in first reviving oureconomies, and then
setting theright rules for future success.
If welearned anything from the1930s, it was that governments cannot shrug theirshoulders and
watch as theirown peopleare being laid off.
Nor should weforget thecauses ofthecurrent growth and debt crisisas weseek toput our
economies onamore sustainablefooting
Both theUnited States and Britain suffered because their economies were overly reliant onthe
financial sector's artificial profits;living standards for themany worsened whilethe economic
rewards went to thetop 1percent; acapitalist model encouraged short-term decision-making
oriented toward quarterly profits rather than long-term health; and interest groups likegiant banks
were deemed too bigto fail ortoo powerful to challenge. Weneed torecognizethat the
trickle-down promise(benefits given to therich willeventually bepassed onto thepoor)of
conservativetheorists has turned into agravity-defying realityin which wealth has flowed upward
disproportionately and. toooften, undeservedly. To address the problemrequires fresh thinking
from governments about howpeople train for theirworking lives and what aliving wage should be
Governments can set better-not necessarily more-rules to encourage productivebusinesses that
make andsell real products and services. Weneed rules that discourage thepredatory (掠夺的)
behavior ofthose seeking thefast buckthrough hostiletakeovers andasset-stripping thatdonot
have theinterests oftheshareholders, the employees ortheeconomy at heart. Andgovernments
must remember they are elected toserve thepeople, not thepowerful lobbies who can pay for
access or influence. Too often thereal enemies ofmarket capitalism are someofthe leading
beneficiaries ofthe current model, which favors big monopoliesand consumerexploitation. I
believe that changing the rules ofcapitalism will require a change inwhat citizens expect and ask of
politics. Thequestion is notso much whether 20th-century capitalismis failing 21st-century society
but whether politics can rise tothe challenge ofchanging a flawed economic model.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
52.What importantlesson could bedrawn from the 1930s?
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A) Thegovernment shouldplay arole inreviving theeconomy.
B) The government should providesubsidies for theunemployed.
C)The government should not ignoretherole ofeconomists in thenation's economy.
D) Thegovernment shouldnot brush aside ideas from theWorldEconomic Forum.
53.What isone ofthefactors contributing to therecent financial crisis in theUnited States and
Britain?
A) Theirbusiness giants' neglect ofattending to long-term planning.
B) Their governments' unnecessary intervention ineconomic affairs.
C)Their governments failing to provide assistance forthepoor andneedy.
D) Theireconomies relying heavily ontheoperations of thefinancial sector.
54.What does theauthor sayabout theso-called trickle-down promise?
A) It defies conventional wisdom.
B) It has failed to materialize.
C)It will benefit boththe rich and the pooroncerealized.
D) It will provefatal tocapitalist economy once broken.
55.What rules does theauthorsay governments should set to guarantee sustainableeconomic
development?
A) Rulesthat help businesses toexpand fast but ina healthy way.
B) Rules that discourage businesses from making quick money.
C)Rules that encourage businesses to makeand sell real products and services.
D) Rulesthat ensure theincrease of shareholders' dividends and employees' pay.
56.What shouldthe government doabout the current economy according tothe author?
A) Eliminatethereal enemies of market capitalism.
B) Undertake to repair theflaws in theeconomic model.
C)Prevent thelobbies from exerting too much influence.
D) Diminishtherole politicsplays in national economy.
PassageTwo
Questions 57to61are basedon thefollowing passage.
Women are halfthe populationbut only 15%ofboard members at bigAmerican firms, and l0%in
Europe. Companies that fish in only halfthetalent pool will loseoutto thosethat cast theirnet
more widely. There is also evidence that mixed boards make better decisions.
Mindful ofthis, European countries are passing laws that would force companies to promotemore
women to theexecutivesuite. AnewFrench law requires listed firms to reserve 40%ofboard seats
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for women by2017.Norway and Spainhave similarlaws; Germany is considering one. The
European Parliament declared this monththat such quotas shouldbe applied throughout the
European Union.
There are two main arguments forcompulsory quotas. Oneis that themen who dominatecorporate
boards are hopelessly sexist: they promotepeople likethemselves and ignore any female talent.
The second argument is moresubtle. Talented executives need mentors (导师)to helpthem climb
the ladder. Male directors mentoryoung men but are reluctant toget friendly with young women,
lest therelationship be misinterpreted. Quotas willbreakthis vicious cyclebyputting lotsof
women at thetop, who can then offer their sisters aleg up.
There may be something inboth arguments, but inmost rich countries sexismis nolonger themain
obstacle towomen's careers. Children are. Most women take career breaks to lookafter them. Many
care forelderly relatives, too. Onestudyfound that two-thirds ofAmerican women hadat some
point switched from full-timework to part-timeor flexibletimeto balance work and family. Such
choices make itharder forwomen togain the experience necessary tomake itto thevery top.
What ismore, big companies are increasingly global. Many want aboss who has worked in more
than onecountry. Such foreign postings disruptfamilies; manywomen turn them down. Andmany,
anticipating a career break at somepoint in thefuture, enter fields where theirskillswill not quickly
become outdated, such as law orhuman resources. Somelawyers make good chief executives. But
firms often want people withfinancial or operational experience for thetop jobs, and these fields
are still male-dominated.
Quotas are too blunt atool forsuch atangled problem. Thewomen companies are compelled to put
onboards are unlikely to beas useful as thosethey place there voluntarily. Quotas force firms either
to pad theirboards with token non-executive directors, or to allocatereal power onthe basis ofsex
rather than merit. Enforcing quotas forwomen has led to large numbers ofinexperienced women
being appointed to boards, and seriously damaged thosefirms' performance.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57.What will happento acompany ifmen dominateits executiveboard?
A) Its talent poo1willdry out sooner. C)Its women employees will complain.
B) Its competitiveness willbe weakened. D) It is boundtomake unwisedecisions.
58.What seems to prevent women from becoming board members apart from sexism?
A) Many of themlack thecourage toface thechallenge in theboard room.
B) Male directors are afraid ofwomen's potential threat totheirauthority.
C)Few ofthem have thetraining and qualifications needed forexecutiveduties.
D) Maledirectors refrain from giving them guidancetoavoid misunderstanding.
59.What does theauthor sayis thereal barrier to women's careers?
A) An apparent lack ofnecessary legislation. C)Theburden of taking care oftheir family.
B) Fierce competition from male colleagues. D) The widespread sexism inthe workplace.
60.Why domany women choose to enter such fields as law orhuman resources?
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A) They allowwomen career breaks ifneed be.
B) They can bringa woman's talent into full play.
C)They offer high salaries and attractivebenefits.
D) They pave theway forwomen to becomeCEOs.
61.What does theauthor thinkof thepractice ofenforcing quotas forwomen executives?
A) It isa simplesolution to atangled problem. C)It helps fillthe executive board with talents.
B) It is an effectivetool tocombat sexism. D)It adversely affects afirm's performance.
Part V Cloze （15 minutes）
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices
marked A）,B）,C）andD）ontheright sideof the paper. Youshould choosethe ONE
that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet
2with asinglelinethrough thecentre.
American presidents seem to age before oureyes. But common beliefthat high-office stress grays
ourleaders faster than___62___may be amyth, newresearch finds. In fact, the majorityof
American presidents have lived longerthan___63___men of theirtimes.
That's not to___64___that chronic stress has noeffect onaperson's lifespan, but__65__does high
social standing. Thefindings___66___to a bodyofresearch linking high status tobetter
health:___67___,Oscarwinners livelonger than thosewho were only___68___; and the longevity
(长寿) effect is also seen in Nobel Prizewinners. The newstudy, which was published in the
Journal oftheAmerican Medical Association___69___ thedates ofbirth, inauguration and death of
all 34past presidents who diedof natural causes.The___70___lifespan for thesemen shouldhave
been 68years，___71___they'd aged twiceas fast during their years in___72___as thepopular
wisdom suggests they do.___73___,thestudy found, these presidents lived an average 73years.
And indeed, 23ofthe 34presidents who died of natural causes lived longer than___74___,
compared withother men theirage during theirlifetimes. Somepresidents___75___an
exceptionally long time:Gerald Ford died at 93.5years, and Ronald Reagan at 93.3.
All___76___livingpresidents havealready exceeded theirlife___77___，or are likelyto doso. So
why dopeople___78___thetop ofthe hierarchy fare betterthan thosebelow? ___69___to wealth,
education and thebest health care oftheirtimeswould seem to beobvious factors
___80___medical attention seems to have actually killed President Garfield, who died from a
fatal___81___introduced byhis doctors' unsterile(未消过毒的)treatment techniques after hewas
shot byanassassin.
62.A) usual B) regular C)typical D) standard
63.A) similarB) popular C)typical D) standard
64.A) tellB) say C)utterD)exclaim
65.A) elseB) rather C)so D) thus
66.A) tend B) pointC)devote D)add
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67.A) for instanceB) bycontrast C)inessence D)above all
68.A) formulated B) nominated C)engaged D)specified
69.A) signified B) regulated C)testified D)analyzed
70.A) ultimateB) average C)appropriate D)maximum
71.A) ifB) lest C)forD) until
72.A) dutyB) place C)office D)force
73.A) Instead B) Therefore C)Hence D) Meanwhile
74.A) suspected B) expected C)identified D)confirmed
75.A) survived B) covered C)lasted D)extended
76.A) persistently B) virtuallyC)formally D)currently
77.A) ceiling B) extentC)boundary D)expectancy
78.A) above B) byC)at D)over
79.A) Appeal B) Access C)Entrance D)Channel
80.A) unless B) becauseC)although D) since
81.A) syndromeB) diagnosis C)prescriptionD) infection
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
Please write your translation onAnswer Sheet 2
82.Through years of hard work, they_________________(已经把那片荒地变成了肥沃的农田).
83.It was long sinceIlast saw her, and ifshehad notgreeted me first_____(我几乎认不出她来)
84.Our defense at thecourt hearing finally __________________(使法官确信我们是清白的).
85.____________________________(你可以放心) wewill fulfill ourtask ahead of time.
86.Man should livein harmony with nature, and _______________(试图征服它是不明智的).
14/29全国英语六级历年真题
2012 年 12 月大学英语六级(CET-6)参考答案
Ⅰ【作文】
Computerand Man
（1）It is believed that the computer can do almost every thing. At the time the computer was
invented, scientists, carried away by its calculating speed, felt that they had created a miracle. It was
gradually used not only in mathematics, physics, chemistry and astronomy, but in places like the
library, hospital and military army to replace the work of man. For the work of man. For this reason,
the computerwas entiled “Electronic Brain” interms ofappreciation。
Can man be controlled by computers? The answer is negative. Although a computer works
much faster and accurately than man , a fact is undeniable; it is designed, manufactured and
programmed by man, and therefore by human beings. Of course, science fictions have made up
many fascinating stories about a computer, or rather robot, who conquers man and the earth, even
the whole universe; however, they are only unrealistic imaginatio. A horse helps man a lot runs
much faster than we, but it isonlyaslave。
The future for the computer is very promising. With the help of it, we can do things that could
not be done before. Conquering the universe, discovering new things, explaining mysteruiys
phenomena puzzlingus at present are all madepossiblebycomputer。
（2）It is believed that the computer is bringing the world into a brand new era. At the time the
computer was invented, scientists, marveling at its calculating speed, felt that they had created a
miracle. Nowadays, the function of the computer is no longer confined to calculation; it permeates
people’s daily lives and has become an inseparablepart ofhuman society.
People become so heavily dependent on computers that it is hard to imagine the life without
computers. Therefore, some people are worried that “The real danger is not that the computer will
think likeman, but man willthink likethecomputer.”
Their concern does make sense. Indeed, some people spend such a long time working on computers
that they have few interactions with people in real life. According to a research, too many hours in
front of a computer may lead to a poker face and interpersonal isolation. This fact should arouse our
attention, because unlike computers, human beings are social creatures that need emotional
connections with others.
Yet, it is also unnecessary for us to be overwhelmed by the negative impacts of computers.
After all, we humans are intelligent and will be able to figure out better ways to make
improvements.
Ⅱ【快速阅读】
1.【线索词】paper textbooks
B)【定位】由线索词定位到第一段第三句…students are still hauling around bulky, old-fashioned
textbooks-and loving it.
【精析】细节推断题。根据定位句可知，学生们仍然乐此不疲地抱着那些笨重又老式的教科
书到处走，可见纸质教科书在他们的学习中仍起着不可替代的作用，故答案为B)。
2.【线索词】 frustrating
15/29全国英语六级历年真题
C【) 定位】由线索词定位到第三段第三句 Textbooksare expensive-a year's worth can cost $700to
$900-and students' frustrations with theexpense…
【精析】细节辨认题。根据定位句可知，纸质教科书价格昂贵，这让许多学生对其花费很沮
丧。题干中的 frustrating to 与原文中的 frustrations with 属于同义转述，C) They cost too much
money 与原文中的Textbooks are expensive表述一致。
3.【线索词】the nonprofit Websiteat Hamilton
D)【定位】由线索词定位到第四段末句 Here at Hamilton,students this year have a new way to
avoid the middleman:a nonprofit Web site, created by the college's Entrepreneur Club, that lets
them sell used booksdirectly to oneanother.
【精析】细节辨认题。根据定位句可知，学生们可以在 Hamilton 学院的企业家俱乐部创办的
非营利性网站上面直接买卖二手书，而无需通过中间商。D）中的sell books toeach other without
a middleman 与原文中的sellused booksdirectly to oneanother 为同义表达，故答案为D)。
4.【线索词】Victoria Adesoba's case
A)【定位】由线索词定位到第七段 For all the talk that her generation is the most technologically
knowledgeablein history, paper-and-ink textbooks donot seem destined todisappear anytimesoon.
【精析】细节辨认题。根据定位段可知，纸质教科书似乎并不注定会随时被他们所淘汰，A)
Printed textbooks will not disappear any time soon 与原文中的 paper-and-ink textbooks do not
seem destined to disappear anytimesoon表述一致，故答案为A)。
5.【线索词】prefer
B)【定位】由线索词定位到第十一段“Students grew up learning from print books,”said Nicole
Allen... “soas…it's notsurprising that theyprefer a format that they are most accustomed to.”
【精析】细节辨认题。根据定位段可知，这些学生都是看着印刷的书本长大的，他们到高校
之后仍然喜欢一直以来最习惯的书本，这一点并不奇怪。B)中的have been used to theirformat
ever since childhood 与原文中的 prefera format that they are most accustomed to 为同义表达，故
答案为B)。
6.【线索词】Tracey Weber, thebest way
A）【定位】由线索词定位到第十五段“The real obstacle is getting them to try it,”said Tracey
Weber...
【精析】细节推断题。根据定位段可知，Tracey Weber 认为真正的障碍是让他们去尝试电子
教科书，也就是说，她认为要扩大电子教科书销量的最好办法是先让学生免费试用，故答案
为A)。
7.【线索词】Senator Charles E. Schumer
C）【定位】由线索词定位到第十八段第二句 Last month,Senator Charles E. Schumer…urged more
college stores to rent books…
【精析】细节推断题。根据定位句可知，Charles E. Schumer 调查了纽约市和他办公室长岛的
38 个校园书店后，发现有 16 个书店没有租书业务，于是他催促更多的大学书店开展此项业
务，可见他建议大学书店租赁书给学生，故答案为C)。
8.next tonothing
16/29全国英语六级历年真题
【线索词】Louis Boguchwal, thought
【定位】由线索词定位到倒数第六段第二句 When Louis Boguchwal…tried to sell a$100 linear
algebra textbook back tothecollege bookstore, he
was offered$15.和倒数第五段“It was insulting,”hesaid.“They give you next tonothing.”
【精析】细节辨认题。根据定位句可知，Louis Boguchwal 把一本价格为 100美元的线性代数
教材卖给学校书店时，回收价只有 15美元。接着他说道：“这简直是一种侮辱，几乎白送给
他们了。”They give you next to nothing其实是一个省略句，完整形式为The moneythey give you
was nexttonothing, 故nexttonothing 为答案。
9.pick upas word spread
【线索词】Jason Mariasis
【定位】由线索词定位到倒数第四段末句 But Jason Mariasis…said he expected sales to pick up
as word spread.
【精析】细节辨认题。此处需要填入 that 从句的谓语部分。根据定位句可知，Jason Mariasis
认为随着名声扩大，销量会逐渐上升。题干中的 its book business 是指 book sales，故答案为
pick upas word spread。
10.the library orclassmates
【线索词】Rosemary Rocha
【定位】由线索词定位到末段首句Instead, she waits to borrow thefew copies her professors leave
onreserve at thelibrary, orrelies onthekindness ofclassmates.
【精析】细节辨认题。此处需要填入 from 的宾语成分。根据定位句可知，她打算要么等着借
用教授们留在图书馆备用的几份为数不多的复印本，要么靠同学发发慈悲。由此可知，the
library orclassmates 为答案。
Ⅲ【听力】
Section A
11.
M: I’dliketogo camping with you this weekend, but Idon’thave asleeping bag.
W: No problem. You can count onmetoget one foryou. My family has tonsof camping gear.
Q: What does thewoman mean?
答案：Shecan lendtheman a sleeping bag.
【解析】这是一道较为简单的推理题，前提是考生需知道 camping gear 表示“野餐用具，
露营装备”，由此可知，camping gear 包括 sleeping bag，即女士能借给男士一个睡袋，此题的
设置稍微绕了个小弯，为考生解题设置了一定难度。go camping：去野餐，去露营；sleeping bag：
睡袋。
12.
M: I know I promise to drive you to the airport next Thursday, but I’m afraid something has
come up.They’ve called aspecial meeting at work.
W: No big deal. Karen said she was available as aback-up.
Q: What does thewoman mean?
答案: Karen can take herto theairport.
【解析】此题为细节题。从对话中可知，男士下周四临时有事不能送女士去机场了，女
17/29全国英语六级历年真题
士回答说Karen 有空。back-up：n. 备用，备份，考生如果知道这个单词的意思，对整个对话
的理解会有帮助。
13.
W: Haveyou saved enough money fora trip toHawaii?
M: Not even close. My uncle mustput thebrakes onmy travelling plans.
Q: What does theman mean?
答案：He can’t afford to go traveling yet.
【解析】此题为推理题。从男士的回答“我叔叔对我的旅行计划加以限制了。”中可推断
出，这位男士还没有足够的钱去旅行。put thebrakes onsth.表示“对……加以限制”，即使考生
不知道这个短语的引申含义，但听到brake“刹车”应该也能大概判断出来答案。
14.
M: I’m starving. Do westill haveany pie left from the dinneryesterday?
W: Oh, Juliainvited her friends overin theafternoon and theyateit all.
Q: What dowelearn from theconversation?
答案：The man has to find something elseto eat.
【解析】此题为简单的推理题。从对话中可知，女士回答说Julie下午邀请了她的朋友，
他们把剩的饼都吃光了，由此可推断出这位男士不得不找别的东西吃。starving：adj. 饥饿的。
15.
W: Three letters of recommendation are required to apply to graduate schools. I was
wondering iftheoneprofessor Smith wrotefor melast year couldstillbeused.
M: It’s a bitdated. You’dbetter submita recent one.
Q: What does theman suggest thewoman do?
答案：Present anewletter ofreference.
【解析】此题为细节题。只要考生抓住这位男士回答中的关键词 dated 和recent，就不难
找出正确答案，而且，整个答句也很短，均是简单句，易于考生理解。letter of recommendation
和letter ofreference 意思相似，均可表示“推荐信”。
16.
W: I’ve noticed that you spend a lot of time tending your garden. Would you like to join our
gardening club? Wemeet every otherWednesday.
M: Oh, thanks for the invitation, but this is how I relax. I’d rather not make it something
formal andstructured.
Q: What can we infer about theman?
答案：He declines tojoin thegardening club.
【解析】此题为暗示推理题，有一定难度。抓住问题中的关键词“infer”，这位男士暗示
了什么？从男士的回答“谢谢邀请，但这是我放松的方式，我宁愿我的花园不那么条条框框”
中可推断出，这位男士间接拒绝了参加园艺俱乐部的邀请。
17.
M: Iheard the recent sculptureexhibit was kindof disappointing.
W: That’s right. Iguess a lotofother people feel thewayI doabout modern art.
Q: What does thewoman mean?
答案：Many people donot appreciate modern art.
【解析】此题为简单的推理题。只要考生能理解女士的回答“我猜许多其他人对现代艺术
和我的感觉是一样的。”，即可选出答案，而且答句中没有一个生难单词。sculpture exhibit：
雕塑展。
18/29全国英语六级历年真题
18.
M: Bob isrunning for chairman ofthestudent union. Wouldyou vote forhim?
W: Oh, Ican’t decide right nowbecause I havetofind out moreabout theothercandidates.
Q: What does thewoman mean?
答案：Bob cannot count onhervote.
【解析】此题为推理题。这位女士回答说她现在还没决定选谁，因为她还要看看其他候
选人的资料和表现，由此可推断出，Bob 不能依赖这位女士的选票。run for：竞选；chairman
ofthe student union：学生会主席；votefor：投票赞成。
Conversation One
W: I don’t know what to do. I can’t seem to get anyone in the hospital to listen to my
complaints and this outdated equipment is dangerous. Just lookat it.
M: Hmm, uh,are you trying tosay that itpresents ahealth hazard?
W: Yes, I am. The head technician in the lab tried to persuade the hospital administration to
replace it, butthey are trying to cut costs.
M: You are pregnant, aren’t you?
W: Yes, I am. I made an effort to get my supervisor to transfer me to another department, but
he urged me not to complain too loudly. Because the administration is more likely to replace me
than an X-ray equipment, I’m afraid to refuse to work. But I’m more afraid to expose my unborn
child to theradiation.
M: I see what you mean. Well, as your union representative, I have to warn you that it would
take quite a while to force management to replace the old machines and attempt to get you
transferred may or maynot besuccessful.
W: Oh, what am I supposed to dothen?
M: Workers have the legal right to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal
laws, the Occupation or Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act. But the
requirements ofeither of theActs may bedifficult to meet.
W: Do you thinkIhave a good case?
M: If you do lose your job, the union will fight to get it back for you along with back pay, your
lost income. But you have to be prepared for along wait, maybe after two years.
Q19. What does the woman complain about?
Q20. What has the woman asked hersupervisor to do?
Q21. What does the man say about thetwo federal laws?
Q22. What will theunion doifthe woman loses her job?
【答案】
19.The health hazard at herwork place.
20.Transfer her toanother department.
21.Their requirements maybedifficult tomeet.
22.Try to help herto get it back.
【点评】
本篇长对话是关于一名怀孕的员工就工作中的辐射伤害向工会投诉。对话一开篇女士先
抱怨自己工作的医院无人听她申诉有关机器已过时，会造成身体伤害的问题，因为医院想要
降低成本。然后她提到自己有向主管提出转调部门的要求，然而遭到拒绝。主管还告诫她，
医院宁愿换掉她，让他人工作，也不会更换机器。于是工会代表告诉她转调部门确实可能不
19/29全国英语六级历年真题
会成功。同时要想利用目前的法案来解决这一问题，也会很难实现。最后指出，除非她真正
丢失工作，工会才能拿起法律武器帮她讨薪。
本对话考生虽然对辐射造成身体伤害的话题并不陌生，但整个对话中部分单词可能还是
会造成不少听力困扰。比如：health hazard（健康伤害）中的 hazard；X-ray equipment（X 光
仪器）中的X-ray 和两大法案的名称虽不难，但也容易混淆大家的视听，而误抓重点。
Conversation Two
W: Mr. Green, isit fair to saythat negotiation is an art?
M: Well, I think it’s both an art and science. You can prepare for a negotiation quite
scientifically, but the execution of the negotiation has quite a lot to do with one’s artistic quality.
The scientific part of a negotiation is in determining your strategy. What do you want out of it?
What can you give? Then of course there are tactics. How do you go about it? Do you take an
opening position in a negotiation which differs from the eventual goal you are heading for? And
then ofcourse there are thebehavioral aspects.
W: What doyou mean bythe behavioral aspects?
M: Well, that’s I think where the art comes in. In your behavior, you can either be an actor.
You can pretend that you don’t like things which you are actually quite pleased about. Or you can
pretend to like things which you are quite happy to do without. Or you can be the honest type
negotiator who’s known to his partners in negotiation and always plays everything straight. But the
artistic part of negotiation I think has to do with responding immediately to cues one gets in the
process of negotiation. These can be verbal cues or even body language. This is where the artistic
quality comes in.
W: Soreally, you seetwo types ofnegotiator then, the actor orthe honest one.
M: That’ right. And both can work. I would say the honest negotiator can be quite effective in
somecircumstances. In other circumstances you need anactor.
Q23. Whenis ascientific approach best embodied ina negotiation according to theman?
Q24. In what way isa negotiatorlikean actor according to theman?
Q25. What does the man say about thetwo types of negotiator?
【答案】
23.In the preparatory phase.
24.He behaves in away contrary to hisreal intention.
25.Both can succeed depending onthespecific situation.
【点评】
本长对话主要是关于谈判的艺术性和科学性。谈判的科学性部分主要体现在谈判策略，
而谈判的艺术性则体现在表现上。这里可以归为两类，一是“演技派”，二是“诚实派”。另外，
谈判的艺术性还与对谈判过程中获得的口头暗示、肢体语言进行及时反应有关。最后男士指
出根据不同场合，无论是“诚实派”，或是“演技派”谈判者都能起到各自的效果。
本对话中的关键词有：negotiation：谈判；strategy：策略；behavioral：行为的。
Section B
Passage 1
A scientific team is studying the thinking ability of eleven and half month old children. The
test is a simple one. The baby watches a sort of show on a small stage. In Act One of the show, a
yellow cube is lifted from a blue box, and moved across the stage. Then it is returned to the box.
20/29全国英语六级历年真题
This is repeated 6 times. Act Two is similar except that the yellow cube is smaller. Baby boys do
not react at all to the difference and the size of the cube. But girls immediately become excited. The
scientists interpret the girls’ excitement as meaning they are trying to understand what they have
just seen. They are wondering why Act Two is oddand how it differs from Act One. In other words,
the little girls are reasoning. This experiment certainly does not definitely prove that girls start to
reason before boys, but it provides a clue that scientists would like to study more carefully. Already
it is known that bones, muscles and nerves develop faster in baby girls. Perhaps it is early nerve
development that makes some infant girls show more intelligence than infant boys. Scientists have
also found that nature seems to give another boost to girls. Baby girls usually talk at an earlier age
than boys do. Scientists think that there is a physical reason for this. They believe that the nerve
endings inthe left side of the brain develop faster in girls than in boys, and it is this side of the brain
that strongly influences an individual’s ability touse languageand rememberthings.
Q26. What is thedifference between Act One and Act Two in thetest?
答案：The sizeof theobjects shown.
Q27. Howdothescientists interpret theirobservation from theexperiment?
答案： Girls seem tostart reasoning earlier than boys.
Q28. What does the speaker say about the experiment?
答案： It may simulatescientists to makefurther studies.
Q29. According toscientists, what is another advantage given togirls bynature?
答案： They talk at an early age.
【点评】
本文是一篇关于幼儿思维能力的文章。… but it provides a clue that… 一句前都是具体的
实验过程，是一个例子，重点在实验为科学研究提供的线索。实验发现可能是早期的神经发
育使女婴比男婴更聪明。科学家们还发现，自然可能还给了女孩另一大优势，那就是女孩通
常比男孩早开口说话，而这也是因为神经末梢发育快于男孩。
关键词：interpret v. 解释；翻译boost n. 推动，帮助
Passage 2
A super attendant of the city municipal building, Dillia Adorno, was responsible for presenting
its new security plan to the public. City employees, citizens and reporters gathered in the hall to
hear her describe the plan. After outlining the main points she would cover, she assured the
audience that she would be happy to answer questions at the end of her presentation. Dillia realized
the plan was expensive and potentially controversial. So she was not surprised to see a number of
hands go up as soon as she finished speaking. An employ asked, “Would the new system create
long lines to get into the building like the line in the airport security checks?” Dillia had anticipated
this question and had an answer ready. After repeating the question, she explained that the sufficient
number of security guards would be working at peak hours to speed things along. The next question
was more confrontational.”Where was the money come from to pay for all of this?”The journalists
who ask the question seem hostile. But Dillia was careful not to adopt the defensive tone. She stated
that the money would come from the city’s general budget. “I know these are tide times”, she added,
“But everyone agrees on the importance of safe guarding our employees and members of the public
who come into the building.” Near the end of the 25 minutes she has said, Dillia said she would
take two more questions. When those were finished, she concluded the session with a brief
restatement of how the new system will improve security and peace of mind in the municipal
21/29精品资料：https://pay.hearcool.cn/
全国英语六级历年真题
building.
Question 30to 32are based onthepassage you have justheard.
30.What isthe focus ofDilliaAdorno’s presentation?
答案：The newsecurity planfor themunicipal building.
31.What question had DilliaAdorno anticipated?
答案： Whether thesecurity checks would create long queues at peak hours.
32.What did thespeakers think ofthequestion from the journalist?
答案： Confrontational
【点评】
本文描写一位政府官员介绍了一项新的安保计划，并回答了在场人员的提问，类似于一
场新闻发布会。计划成本较高，而且可能颇具争议。本文详细阐述了两个提问。第一个问题
是Dillia预见到的，但第二个记者的提问是有对抗性的，即使 confrontational 这个词我们听不
懂也没关系，可以从下文的其他词汇中推断，如 hostile 有敌意的，而针对这个问题，Dillia
让自己尽可能不采取defensive 的态度，既然要采取防卫的态度，那记者的提问一定是在政府
的对立面的，因此从defensive一词也可以判断出记者的态度。
关键词：attendant n. 随员 confrontational adj. 对抗性的 hostile，defensive
Passage 3
Despite unemployment and the lost of her home, Andrea Clark considers herself a blessed and
happy woman. Why the cheerful attitude? Her troubles have brought her closer to her family. Last
year, Andrea’s husband, Rick, a miner in Nevada was laid off. Though Andrea kept her job as a
school bus driver, she knew that they couldn’t pay their bill and support their youngest of five
children, Zack, age nine, on one income. “At first their church helped out, but you can’t keep that
up forever”, Andrea says. Then Michal, their eldest of her four adult children suggested they move
in with his family. For almost three months, seven Clarks lived under one roof. Andrea, Rick and
Zack stayed in the basement department, sharing laundry and single bathroom with Michal, his wife
and theirtwo children.
The change cut their expenditures in half, but the new living arrangement proved too
challenging. When Andrea found a job with a school district closer to her mother’s home in west
Jorden, Utah, the family decided to move on. Packing up again with no picnic, Zack had to switch
schools for the second time and space is even tighter. Andrea says that the moves themselves are
exhaustingand Rick isstilllooking for ajob.
The recession has certainly come with more problems than Andrea anticipated, but she remains
unfailingly optimistic. She is excited to spend more time with her mother. Another plus, rents are
lower in Utah than in Nevada. So Andrea thinks they’ll be able to save up and move out in less than
6months.
Questions 33-35 are based onthepassage you have just heard.
Q33 What dowelearn about Andrea’s husband?
答案：He used to work as aminerin Nevada.
Q34 Why did Andrea moveto livein hereldest son’s home?
答案：Tocut their livingexpenses.
Q35 What is Andrea’s attitudetoward thehardships brought bytheeconomic recession?
答案：Optimistic.
【点评】
22/29全国英语六级历年真题
本文描写了Andrea一家在经历失业时依然乐观向上的积极状态。这从文章的首句Despite
unemployment and the lost of her home, Andrea Clark considers herself a blessed and happy
woman.和最后一段 but she remains unfailingly optimistic.都能得到印证。Andrea 的丈夫是内华
达的矿工，去年失业，为了维持生计，他们先是和大儿子一家住在一起，后来又搬家到犹他
州，她的丈夫还在继续找工作。但是经济衰退，并没有让 Andrea 消极，她觉得自己和家人的
关系更紧密了并且相信自己能够度过难关。
关键词：lay off 解雇；expendituren. 支出，花费；optimisticadj. 乐观的
Section C
Mountain climbing is becoming a popular sport, but it is also a potentially dangerous one.
People can fall. They may also become ill. One of the most common dangers to climbers is altitude
sickness, which can affect even very experienced climbers. Altitude sickness usually begins when a
climber goes above 8,000 to 9,000 feet. The higher one climbs, the less oxygen there is in the air.
When people don’t get enough oxygen, they often begin to gasp for air. They may also feel dizzy
and light-headed. Besides these symptoms of altitude sickness, others such as headache and fatigue
may also occur. At heights of over 18,000 feet, people may be climbing in a constant daze. Their
state of mind can have adverse affect on their judgment. A few precautions can help most climbers
avoid altitude sickness. The first is not to go too high, too fast. If you climb to 10,000 feet, stay at
that height for a day or two. Your body needs to get used to a high altitude before you climb to a
even higher one. Or if you do climb higher sooner, come back down to a lower height when you
sleep. Also, drink plenty of liquids and avoid tobacco and alcohol. When you reach your top height,
do like activities rather than sleep too much. You breathe less when you sleep, so you get less
oxygen. The most important warning is this: if you have severe symptoms, then don’t go away, go
down. Don’t risk injury ordeath because ofover-confidence orlack ofknowledge.
36.potentially
37.experienced
38.gasp
39.dizzy
40.fatigue
41.constant
42.adverse
43.precautions
44.Your bodyneeds toget used to ahigh altitudebefore you climb to aeven higher one.
45.When you reach your top height, dolikeactivities ratherthan sleep toomuch.
46.Don’trisk injury ordeath because ofover-confidence orlack of knowledge.
【点评】
本文是有关高原病的，主要讲述了高原病的症状以及预防措施。文章本身长难句不多，
但出现了较多偏难单词，考验学生的临场心态。
需填单词难度较大，如dizzy，fatigue，adverse，altitude等，对学生的词汇量要求颇高。
空格整体分布较为均匀，填写时间比较充足。所填词语格式比较重要，如-s 等是不可漏
过的细节。需填写的句子均较短，难度不是特别大。
Ⅳ【深度阅读】
深度阅读SA
23/29全国英语六级历年真题
47.slim
【定位】由题干中的Coloradans和havelong been定位到第二段第一句Even Coloradans,long the
nation's slimmestcitizens. are gaining excess pounds.
【精析】细节辨认题。根据定位句可知，长期以来科罗拉多州人被认为是全国最瘦的公民。
由此可知，科罗拉多州人相对其他州的人来说相对偏瘦，故答案为slim。
48.“pricing strategies”
【定位】由题干中的 encouraging Americans to buy healthy foods 定位到第三段第二句 The
report… broadening access to affordable healthy foods and using “pricing strategies” to encourage
Americans tomake betterfood choices.
【精析】同义转述题。根据定位句可知，该报告强调了一系列措施的必要性，其中包括运用，
“价格策略”去鼓励美国公民们作出更好的食物选择。题干中的 encouraging Americans to buy
healthy foods 是对原文中的 broadening access to affordable healthy foods 的同义转述，题干中的
adopting 是对原文中的using 的同义转述，故答案为“pricing strategies”。
49.agricultural subsidies
【定位】由题干中的 the government 和 adjust 定位到第四段第二句“Government could start by
changing agricultural subsidies…”
【精析】同义转述题。根据定位句可知，政府可以从改变农业补贴开始。题干中的 first ofall
adjust 是对原文中的start bychanging 的同义转述，故答案为agricultural subsidies。
50.a mostclose link
【定位】由题干中的 diabetes and obesity 定位到第五段…the illnesses most closely linked to
obesity have begun a dramaticupturn. Diabetes rates in 12states have jumped significantly...
【精析】细节辨认题。由定位段可知，糖尿病与肥胖紧密相关，原文中用的是 theillnesses most
closely linked to obesity，而题干中用的是 there is ______ between diabetes and obesity，所以空
格处要填入名词形式，故答案为a mostclose link。
51.Low-income and minority communities.
【定位】由题干中的 most affected by obesity 和 Francine Kaufman 定位到最后一段 Kaufman
added that the report's clear message-that obesity takes its greatest toll in low-income and minority
communities...
【精析】同义转述题。由定位段可知，Kaufman 补充说，该报告所传达的明确信息是―肥胖
给低收入人群和少数人群社区造成的不良影响最为严重。题
中的are most affected是对原文中的takes its greatest toll的同义转述，故答案为Low-income and
minority communities。
深度阅读
52【. 定位】由题干中的1930s定位到第五段If we learned anything from the 1930s, it was that
governments cannot shrug their shoulders and watch
as their own peopleare being, laid off.
24/29全国英语六级历年真题
A) 【精析】推理判断题。定位段提到，如果要说我们能从 20世纪30年代的世界经济危机中
领悟到什么的话，那就是在人们纷纷失业时，政府不能漠然视之。很多考生会因此误选 B)“政
府应给予失业人员补贴”。需要注意的是，定位段中的 as 引导的从句使用的是现在进行时，
由此推知，并不是要给予已经失业的人员补贴，而是在面对失业这种情况时，政府应该有所
作为。由此再定位到第四段…those who believe there is a real role for governments in first
reviving our economies, and then setting the right rules for future success，该段提到，有些人认为
政府真正该做的事情，一是振兴经济，二是为未来的成功制定合适的规章制度。作者列举20
世纪30年代的经济危机，旨在证明上一段的观点，即政府应在振兴经济中有所作为，故A）
为答案。
53.【定位】由题干中的 the United States and Britain 定位到第七段 Both the United States and
Britain suffered because their economies were overly reliant on the financial sector's artificial
profits…too powerful to challenge.
D) 【精析】细节辨认题。定位段第一个分句提到，英国和美国都遭受了经济危机是因为它们
的经济过于依赖金融机构的虚假利润。D）中的 relying heavily on 与原文中 overly reliant on
表达的意思相同，故D）为答案。
54【. 定位】由题干中的 trickle-down promise定位到倒数第四段第一句 We need to recognize that
the trickle-down promise (benefits given to the rich will eventually be passed on to the poor)of
conservative theorists has turned into a gravity-defying reality in which wealth has flowed upward
disproportionately and,too often,undeservedly.
B) 【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，“涓滴”承诺已使现实失衡，财富分配不均。定位句中
的gravity- defying 意为“违反重力的”，由此可推知，“让一部分人先富起夸最后达到共同富裕”
承诺是不会实现的，故B）为答案。
55.【定位】由题干中的 rules, governments shouldset, economic developmen 定位到倒数第三段
第一句 Governments can set better-not necessarily more- rules to encourage productive businesses
that make andsell real products and services.
C) 【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，政府可通过制定更好的一不必是更多的一政策来鼓励
制造、销售真正的产品和服务的生产性产业，故答案为C)。
56.【定位】由题干中的 urrent economy 定位到末段末句 The question is not so much whether
20th-century capitalism is failing 21st-century society but whether politics can rise to the challenge
ofchanging a flawed economicmodel.
B) 【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，问题讨论的重点不是20世纪的资本主义是否适应 21
世纪的社会，而是政治是否能接受改变不完善的经济模式这一挑战。B）和原文都出现了
economic model，故为答案。
57【. 定位】由题干中的men dominate itsexecutive board定位到第一段前两句Women are halfthe
population but only 15% of board members at big American firms, and 10% in Europe. Companies
that fish in onlyhalfthetalent pool will loseout tothose that cast theirnet morewidely.
B) 【精析】推理判断题。文章开篇前两句指出欧美一些大公司的董事会里，女性拥有的席位
很少。而那些只在“人才储备池”的一半中寻找人才的公司会失利于广纳贤才的公司。B）中的
competitiveness willbe weakened 与原文中的loseout 表达的意思相同，故为答案。
25/29全国英语六级历年真题
58.【定位】由题干中的 apart from sexism 定位到第四段前三句 The second argument is more
subtle. Talented executives need mentors to help them climb the ladder. Male directors mentor
young men but are reluctant to get friendly with young women,lest the relationship be
misinterpreted.
D) 【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，男性前辈愿意指导年轻的男性晚辈，但是却不愿意对
女性晚辈表示友好，唯恐他们的关系遭人误解。D）中的 guidance, refrain from, misunderstanding
与原文中的mentor,are reluctant to, misinterpreted 表达的意思相同，故为答案。
59.【定位】由题干中的 barrier to women's careers 定位到第五段前四句…but in most rich
countries sexism is no longer the main obstacle to women's careers. Children are. Most women take
career breaks to lookafter them. Many care forelderly relatives, too.
C) 【精析】细节归纳题。定位句提到，在大部分的富裕国家里，性别歧视已经不再是阻碍女
性事业的主要障碍了。孩子才是真正的障碍。大多数女性为了照顾孩子或是老人会中断自己
的事业。C）与文意相符，故为答案。
60.【定位】由题干中的 law or human resources 定位到原文倒数第二段第四句 And many,
anticipating a career break at some point in the future, enter fields where their skills will not quickly
become outdated, such as law orhuman resources.
【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，许多期望能在将来某一时刻中断事业的女性，选择进入
那些自身技能不会很快过时的领域，比如法律和人力资源。A)“如果需要，这些行业允许女性
有事业中断期”与原文意思相符，故为答案。
61.【定位】由题干中的 enforcing quotas for women executives 定位到原文末段末句 Enforcing
quotas for women has led to large numbers of inexperienced women being appointed to boards, and
seriously damaged thosefirms' performance.
D) 【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，对女性实施定额制导致大量没有经验的女性被提拔进
入董事会，严重影响了那些公司的业绩。D）中的adversely affects是对原文中seriously damaged
的同义转述，故为答案。
Ⅴ【完形填空】
【答案】
62.A) 【精析】形容词辨析题。grays…faster 对比的是衰老的速度，一般认为总统的衰老
速度比通常情况下的衰老速度更快。usual“通常的，惯常的”符合题意。regular“定期的，定时
的”，强调规律性； routine“常规的，例行的”；universal“共同的；通用的”。
63.C) 【精析】形容词辨析题。本句意为“事实上，大部分美国总统比他们同时代的＿人寿命
要长。“typical“一贯的，平常的”,typical men 指当
时的大多数的人，在这里表示总统比当时一般人的寿命长，故typical 为答案。similar“相似的”；
popular“受欢迎的”；standard“标准的”。
64.B) 【精析】固定搭配题。That's not tosay 为固定搭配，意为“并不是说”，故，say为答案。
tell“告诉”； utter“说出；发出”,exclaim“呼喊”。
65.C) 【精析】副词辨析题。该空在 but 引导的分句中，这里使用了so do/does…的倒装句式，
意为“……也如此”。根据句意“这并不是说长期压力对人的寿命没有影响，但是社会地位高却
对人的寿命有影响”,so符合题意。else“其他”；rather“相反”；thus“因此”。
26/29全国英语六级历年真题
66.D) 【精析】动词短语辨析题。空格处需要填人一个能与介词 to 搭配的动词。根据句意，
该研究成果是对有关身处高位和更好的健康状况之间联系的大量研究的补充。因此 add 符合
题意。tend (to)“往往会，倾向”；pOiflt (to)“指向”； devote(to)“献身，致力于”。
67.A) 【精析】介词短语辨析题。空格之后的句子列举了两种情况，即奥斯卡奖得主和诺贝
尔奖得主的寿命状况，这明显是在举例，因此 for instance “例如”符合题意。by contrast“相比
之下”；in essence“本质上”；aboveall“首先”。
68.B) 【精析】动词辨析题。空格所在句中包含一个比较级结构，意为“奥斯卡奖得主比那些
仅仅＿的人寿命长”。根据常识，先有几位演员获得奥斯卡奖提名，然后再在提名者中确定真
正的得主，故 nominated“提名，推荐”符合题意。formulated“制定，规划”；engaged“参加，参
与”；specified“详述，具体说明”。
69.D) 【精析】动词辨析题。空格处需填入动词作句子的谓语。主语是新的研究，宾语是关
于以往总统们的一些信息：出生日期、就职时间和死亡时间。由此可知，此处是在“分析”该
研究的内容，因此答案应为 analyzed“分析”。signified“代表，象征”；regulated“管制”；testified“证
实”。
70.B) 【精析】形容词辨析题。此处谈论的是多位总统的寿命，该句指出他们的＿寿命本应
该是 68岁，此处是用平均寿命作比较；而下一段第一句指出“研究发现，这些总统平均活到
了73岁”, 这一句中的average 也表示此处应该选择 average, ultimate“最终的”，一般不能用来
修饰年龄，但可以用于one's ultimategoal；appropriate“适当的”；maximum“最高／大限量的”，
可以用于the maximumage，表示年龄上的限制，但是不能用在这里，可以排除。
71.A) 【精析】连词辨析题。该空格所在句的句意为：根据大众观点来看，＿他们在＿时候
的衰老速度是普通人的两倍的话，总统们的平均寿命应该是 68岁。而下一段指出总统们的平
均寿命是73 岁，所以空格所在的句子为假设句。 if“如果”符合题意。lest“以免，唯恐”；for“因
为”；until“直到”
72.C) 【精析】介词词组辨析题。根据句意，按照大众的观点来看，他们本应该在＿期间加
倍衰老。大众观点认为压力大让总统老得更快，自然是在任期内压力大，故答案为 office, in
office 为固定搭配，意为“在职，当权”。duty 常与 on 搭配，on duty 意为“值班”；in place“在
适当的位置”；in force“已生效；大量”。
73.A) 【精析】副词辨析题。该句指出，总统们实际上平均活到了73 岁，而不是上文提到的
根据大众观点判断出的 68 岁，含有否定转折的意思，故答案为 Instead, Therefore“因此”，表
结果；Hence “因此；自此以后”，表结果和时间；Meanwhile “同时”。
74.B) 【精析】动词辨析题。根据句意，自然死亡的 34 位总统中有 23位活得比＿的要长。
上文提到，根据大众观点判断出的总统的平均寿命应该是 68 岁,即人们对总统的寿命作出了
预期，故答案为expected,意为“预期”。suspected“怀疑”；identified“识别，认出”；confirmed“证
实，证明”。
75.A) 【精析】动词辨析题。根据句意，一些总统＿格外长。全文都在讨论寿命，自然是 “活
得”格外长，故答案为 survived，意为“活下来，存活”。covered“覆盖”；lasted“持续”；extended“延
长”。
76.D) 【精析】副词辨析题。根据句意，所有＿还在世的总统已经超过了他们的＿寿命。既
然还在世，那么肯定是“目前”还在世，故答案为currently, persistently“持久地”；virtually“实际
上”；formally“正式地”。
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77.D) 【精析】固定搭配题。根据句意，目前还在世的总统已经超过了他们的预期寿命，life
expectancy 为固定搭配，意为“预期寿命”。ceiling“最高限度”；extent“程度”；boundary“界限”。
78.C) 【精析】固定搭配。at thetop of“在……顶端；在首位”为固定搭配，总统为一国首脑，
自然是处于权力等级的顶点，故答案为at。above 和over都有“（表示位置）在……正上方；
（表示比较）优于，胜于；（表示等级）在……之上，高于”的意思，但用在这里都不符合题
意及语法结构；by“(表示位置）在……近旁；（表示时间）不迟于，在……时候；(表示方式）
通过，采取”。
79.B) 【精析】名词辨析题。根据句意，总统们也许是由于享有财富、教育和当时最好的医
疗照顾而寿命更长。Access“(使用某物的）机会、权利”，符合句意。Appeal“吸引力”；Entrance“人
口”； Channel“渠道”。
80.C) 【精析】连词辨析题。根据句意，享有财富、教育和当时最好的医疗照顾似乎是显而
易见的因素，＿似乎是治疗实际要了加菲尔德总统的命。空格前后两句为让步转折关系，故
答案为although“尽管”。unless“除非”，表条件；because 表原因；since 表原因和时间。
81.D) 【精析】名词辨析题。根据文中给出的中文提示，没有消毒而处理枪伤，自然是引起
感染而丧命，故答案为infection, syndrome“综合征”；diagnosis“诊断”；prescription“处方”。
Ⅵ【翻译】
82.have turned thewasteland intofertile farmland
【考点】①现在完成时②常用短语③常用表达
【精析】①括号里的汉语中明确出现的“已经”以及题 干中的“经过几年的努力”表明此处应该
用现在完成时；②“把……变成……”通常使用 turn…into…的结构表示；③“荒地”可表达为
wasteland；“肥沃的农田”可译为rich/fertilefarmland。
83.Iwould have hardly recognizedher
【考点】①虚拟语气 ②固定用法
【精析】Dif 引导的表过去的虚拟语气从句，主句用 would/could/should (not)have done的形式，
根据句意选择would have done的形式；②如果hardly
提前，那么句子应该用倒装，即改为 hardly would I haverecognized her，但是此处由于 if 条件
句在前，因此不建议使用倒装的形式。
84.convinced thejudge of ourinnocence/convinced thejudge that we were innocent
【考点】固定用法
【精析】convince 通常有两种用法：convince sb. of sth．和“convince sb.+ that 从句”。第一种
用法中 “清白”用名词形式innocence，第二种用法中使用形容词 innocent；根据句意，主句的
动词convince 应使用一般过去式，如果带有宾语从句，从句也应使用一般过去时。
85.Wecan assure you that/You canbe assured that/Youcan count onusthat
【考点】①常用表达②被动结构
【精析】Dassure sb．为“向某人保证”之意，因此可以用来表示“使某人放心”，题干英文指出“我
们将会……”，所以“使你放心”这一动作的发出者应该是“我们”，故答案为 We can assure you
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that；②当英语中不用提及动作发出者时，经常使用被动结构，因此答案也可以为 You can be
assured that；③ count onsb．意为“指望／依靠某人”，也可以用来表示“使某人放心”，故答案
也可以为You can count onus that；题干英文部分为宾语从句，因此连接主句的关系词用 that，
亦可省略。
86.it is inadvisable/unwiseto attempt to conquer it
【考点】①it 引导的形式主语结构 ②常用表达
【精析】Dinadvisable 意为“不可取的，不明智的”，强调不建议做某事，unwise 意为“愚蠢的，
不明智的”，由于没有上下文，两者都可以用；②try todo也有“试着做”之意，但没有 attempt
to do的用法正式，且 attempt 常常包含冒险的意思，用在这里更恰当。
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