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2014 年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试 英语(含答案全解全析) (满分:150分 时间:100分钟) Part 1 Listening(第一部分 听力) (略) Part 2 Phonetics,Grammar and Vocabulary (第二部分 语音、语法和词汇) Ⅱ.Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(共20分) 26.Garden School is very famous and it􀆳s Mary􀆳s first choice.Which of the following is correct for the underlined word? A./fɜːst/ B./fiːst/ C./friːst/ D./frɪst/ 27.Do you see that good-looking young man? is a famous Korean film star. A.He B.His C.Him D.Himself 28.More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work underground. A.inB.with C.byD.for 29.Students are encouraged to share their learning experience their classmates. A.toB.in C.at D.with 30.The traffic is moving very slowly as so many cars on their way back to Shanghai. A.am B.is C.are D.be 31.— can you finish the report on food safety? —In two days. A.How far B.How much C.How often D.How soon 32.Old Mr Black lives happily with his three dogs. of them are part of his family. A.Both B.All C.None D.Neither 33.Air pollution has become than ever before.We must do something to stop it. A.seriousB.more serious C.most serious D.the most serious 34. carefully,Michael!There􀆳s a school ahead. A.Drive B.To drive C.Drove D.Driving 35.All passengers go through safety check before they take a plane. A.can B.may C.must D.ought 36.—Would you like to go to the cartoon show with me? —It sounds like fun, I􀆳m too busy. A.soB.for C.orD.but 37.John didn􀆳t give up looking for a job he got an offer from a German company. A.until B.since C.because D.if 38.Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she back. A.came B.comes C.would come D.will come 39.The robot can help me sweep the floor. smart invention it is!A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 40.Susan and Lily tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm this time yesterday. A.pick B.are picking C.will pick D.were picking 41.By the end of last week,she in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. A.will stay B.has stayed C.would stay D.had stayed 42.Harry has decided an online shop after graduating from school. A.open B.to open C.openedD.opening 43.I wouldn􀆳t mind a roommate.We can help each other and save money as well. A.having B.to have C.have D.had 44.—Remember to print on both sides of the paper. — A.Me,too. B.Well done. C.Sure.I will. D.That􀆳s all right. 45.—I was just in time to get there for the meeting.Thank you for lending me the bike. — A.That􀆳s right. B.Of course not. C.You􀆳re welcome. D.The same to you. Ⅲ.Complete the following passage with the words or phrase in the box.Each can only be used once(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词,每词只能填一次)(共8分) A)behaviour B)mad C)refused D)argued E)modern My relationship with my mother changed after I went to college.When I was at home,we 46 about many things,for example,wearing makeup(化妆)and talking on the phone.One time,before a big party,she 47 to let me leave the house.She thought my makeup was too heavy.I had to wash my face before I went to the party.I was the only girl without makeup,and I was so 48 .And when I talked to my friends on the phone,my mum always shouted to tell me to hang up,and the person I was talking to could hear her.Her 49 always made me upset. A)closer to B)completely C)tradition D)together E)advice But after a few months at college,I changed myself 50 .I met new people.I started learning about history,politics,and the world.I didn􀆳t have the time or patience for long phone conversations.I stopped caring so much about things like makeup.I once went to a party with no makeup on,but I felt fine.I just laughed about it.My new way of thinkingbrought me 51 my mother.Now,I talk to my mother almost every day.We get along quite well.We go to movies 52 and read the same books.I tell her about my problems and she gives me good 53 .Last month,my mother helped me through a bad time.She is an amazing person.I know that now. Ⅳ.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词 的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)(共8分) 54.Don􀆳t be afraid of making .They help you learn.(mistake) 55.The medicine should be taken a day after meals,George.(two) 56.I plan to enter for a summer camp with a friend of .(me) 57.I am not satisfied with the service here.I want to speak to the .(manage) 58.The boy moved into the hall as the concert had already begun.(quiet) 59.The soldier saved the boy from the flood with a piece of .(wooden) 60.Shops are not allowed to cigarettes to anyone under the age of 18.(sale) 61.Many people enjoy reading e-books,but I it as it􀆳s bad for the eyes.(like) Ⅴ.Complete the following sentences as required(根据所给要求完成句子。62—67小题每空 格限填一词)(共14分) 62.Ben has finished the project on reusing natural resources.(改为否定句) Ben the project on reusing natural resources. 63.Amy will study in an international language school for several weeks .(对画线部分提 问) will Amy study in an international language school? 64.I was surprised to see my sister􀆳s photograph on a magazine cover.(保持句意基本不 变) my ,I saw my sister􀆳s photograph on a magazine cover. 65.The girl wondered where she would meet her friends the next morning.(改为简单句) The girl wondered meet her friends the next morning. 66.Sometimes we use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras.(改为被动语态) Sometimes smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. 67.John asked,“Can you look after my pet dog while I􀆳m away?”(合成宾语从句) John asked I look after his pet dog while he was away. 68.doing,the students,in the lab,an experiment,are(连词成句) . Part 3 Reading and Writing(第三部分 读写) Ⅵ.Reading comprehension(阅读理解)(共50分) A.Choose the best answer(根据短文内容,选择最恰当的答案)(12分) Sally:an animal doctor What􀆳s the worst thing that􀆳s ever happened in your job?Probably the dog that bit me.It wasn􀆳t a big one—I don􀆳t mind the big ones.The small ones are the worst.It gave me a very nasty bite. Have you ever done any other jobs? Yes,I did different kinds of jobs when I was a student.One summer I did fruit-picking in Spain. What􀆳s the worst job you􀆳ve ever done? In order to improve my English,I worked for a rich family in New York.I never had a day off and I had to do everything—cooking,cleaning,shopping—and look after their horrible children.I left after two weeks and managed to get a job as a waitress in an Italian restaurant. Leo:an actor What􀆳s the worst thing that􀆳s ever happened in your job? So many bad things have happened—but I think my worst moment was when I read my first bad review in the newspaper.They wrote terrible things about me,and I was so upset.After that I didn􀆳t read my reviews any more. Have you ever done any other jobs? Oh yes,it􀆳s hard to make a living as an actor.So I􀆳ve done lots of part-time jobs over the years.For example,I􀆳ve worked in a shop,sold ice cream at the beach and handed out publicity flyers in the street. What􀆳s the worst job you􀆳ve ever done? The worst job I􀆳ve ever done was at an egg-packing factory.Working conditions are terrible—you stand for hours at the end of a belt,putting eggs into boxes.You can􀆳t have a break,and if you want to go to the toilet,you have to ask for permission.And worst of all,the smell was terrible—I􀆳ve never eaten an egg since then. 69.The underlined word “one” refers to “ ”. A.dog B.bite C.event D.job 70.Sally has done the following jobs EXCEPT . A.picking fruit in Spain B.working for a rich family C.looking after sick animals D.cooking in an Italian restaurant 71.After reading his first bad review in the newspaper,Leo . A.wrote more reviews B.replied to every review C.gave up his job as an actor D.stopped reading any of his reviews 72.What does Leo think of being an actor? A.It􀆳s hard to make a living. B.It􀆳s helpful to read his reviews. C.It􀆳s easy to make lots of money. D.It􀆳s fun to have different experiences. 73.What did Leo hate most when working at an egg-packing factory? A.No breaks. B.Standing for too long. C.The bad smell. D.Putting eggs into boxes.74.The best title of the passage might be . A.An Animal Doctor B.Terrible Job Experiences C.How to Find a Part-time Job D.Reviews of Sally and Leo B.Choose the best words and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词完成短文)(12分) Be yourself We wish that we could be better at sports or more attractive.We wish we had nicer clothes or more money.Everyone likes to feel that he or she is special. 75 ,many of us grow up believing that we􀆳re not special at all.We believe we are not good enough just as we are. Most parents want us to be the best we can be.Very often,they 76 us to others.By doing this,they try to encourage us to do better.They mean well,but the message we often get is that we􀆳re not good enough.We begin to believe that the only way we can be special is by being better than someone else,but we are often 77 .There will always be someone out there who is better than we are at something.Plenty of people around may not be as smart as we are,but they are better at sports.Or they may not be as good- looking,but they have more money.It is 78 for us to be better than everyone else all the time. We all want the things that we believe will make us better people.But very often we don􀆳t realize that we already have 79 us the very things that we want.These things make us different from others.When we are growing up, 80 sometimes forget to tell us that we are special,and that we are good enough.Maybe no one told them when they were growing up.Anyway,it􀆳s up to us to remind them from time to time that each of us,in our own way,is special.What we are is enough. 75.A.Again B.Next C.Besides D.However 76.A.describe B.compare C.introduce D.prefer 77.A.lonely B.forgetful C.disappointed D.nervous 78.A.helpful B.impossible C.necessary D.unfair 79.A.inside B.among C.around D.for 80.A.friends B.scientists C.parentsD.doctors C.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的 词,使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词,首字母已给)(14分) A school newspaper The Teens asked over one thousand teenagers how they spent their spare time.Here they report the r 81 of the survey.It􀆳s not at all surprising to learn that most teens said they wanted more free time.Most have less than an hour a day for after-school activities. P 82 activity was popular among both girls and boys,averaging between three to six hours a week.Favourite sports among girls were tennis,basketball and swimming.Boys said they liked football,basketball and skating.Speaking of entertainment,music and TV were popular.About half of those surveyed said that music was their favourite activity.This i 83 both listening to and playing music.TV was also very popular.Three quarters said they preferred watching TV to reading a book or magazine. Unexpectedly,as many as three out of ten teenagers mentioned that collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time.They had v 84 collections from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers,toys and coins. V 85 friends was also popular.Eight out of ten teenagers said they met friends once a week.Nine out of ten said they contacted friends through the Internet. A 86 popular way of contacting friends was the telephone.Everyone we surveyed said they spoke to friends every day.Most said they spoke about twenty minutes a day.Surprisingly,teenagers s 87 went dancing,especially girls.Only one out of ten said they went to the dance regularly. D.Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答问题)(12分) Chris is not a traditional explorer(探险者)—he usually works in an office for a large organization.Yet his job can sometimes be just as exciting and dangerous as being an explorer. Chris works for MSF,an organization also known as Doctors Without Borders(无国界 医生).MSF sends trained doctors all over the world to help people after a war or a disaster.Chris is a doctor from France who has travelled to many places to organize programmes that help people. At the moment,there are over 27,000 trained medical staff taking part in MSF projects and tasks.The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999.All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF.They need to be prepared to go almost anywhere in the world and,of course,they should expect difficult conditions.Doctors with experience in tropical(热带的)diseases are especially useful because most of MSF􀆳s work is in Africa.When MSF accepts a doctor for a task,he has to go for at least six months.When doctors have completed a few tasks,they might be sent on an emergency task following a disaster,such as an earthquake. But why would a doctor leave a comfortable life and a good salary to join MSF? According to Chris,the experience you gain is a great help in your career.Besides,just like the explorers of the past,you need to keep an open mind and learn to mix well with the people you meet.Most importantly,at the end of each task,you have made a real difference to people􀆳s lives. 88.Does Chris work for a large organization? 89.When does MSF send trained doctors all over the world to help people? 90.How many medical staff are taking part in MSF projects and tasks? 91.What kind of doctors are greatly needed in Africa? 92.According to Chris,why is his work important to other people?93.Why is an MSF doctor􀆳s job exciting and dangerous? Ⅶ.Writing(作文)(共20分) 94.Write at least 60 words about the topic “This time next year”(以“明年此时”为题,写 一篇不少于60个词的短文,标点符号不占格) 你是否想象过,明年此时,你的生活会发生怎样的变化?你对自己或他人有怎样的期待?你 能为此做些什么? (注意:短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其他相关信息,否则不予评分。) The following sentence patterns are for reference only.(以下句型仅供参考) ▶I hope to/I hope that... ▶Perhaps I will... ▶It will be exciting/necessary/terrible to... 答案全解全析 Part 2 Ⅱ. 26.A 句意:花园学校很有名,它是Mary的第一选择。下面哪一个是画线单词的正确发音?本 题考查单词发音。根据发音规则可知答案为A项。 27.A 句意:你看到那个俊美的年轻男子了吗?他是一位著名的韩国电影明星。本题考查代 词。由题意可知设空处应为主语,故答案为A项。 28.C 句意:在上海越来越多的人选择乘地铁上班。本题考查介词。by+交通工具名词单数, 表示“乘坐……”,故答案为C项。 29.D 句意:同学们被鼓励与他们的同学分享他们的学习经验。本题考查介词辨析。share sth.with sb.与某人分享某物,故答案为D项。 30.C 句意:车辆行驶非常缓慢,因为那么多汽车在回上海的路上。本题考查动词。由设空处 前的cars可知谓语应用are,故答案为C项。 31.D 句意:——关于食品安全的报告你什么时候能完成?——两天以后。本题考查特殊疑 问词组辨析。how far 多远;how much多少;how often多久一次;how soon多久以后。根据 句意可知答案为D项。 32.B 句意:老布莱克先生和他的三只狗一起快乐地生活。它们都是他的家庭成员。本题考 查不定代词。由题干中的three及设空处后的are可知答案为B项。 33.B 句意:空气污染比以前更严重了。我们必须想办法来阻止它。本题考查形容词比较级。 由设空处后的than可知应用比较级,serious的比较级为more serious,故答案为B项。 34.A 句意:Michael,小心开车!前面有所学校。本题考查祈使句。由句意及句式结构可知应 用祈使句,以动词原形开头,表命令的语气。故答案为A项。 评析 本题属于易错题。学生稍不留心就会错选B、D项。因为动词不定式及动名词经常 放在句首作状语或主语。仔细分析,当看到设空处后没有动词时可知D项是错的,再根据情 景可知是提醒、劝告对方,而不是表目的,最后可知答案为A项。35.C 句意:所有乘客在乘飞机前必须经过安检。本题考查情态动词。can 能,会;may 可 以;must 必须;ought后面需加to,表示应该,根据句意可知答案为C项。 36.D 句意:——你想和我一起去观看卡通节目吗?——听起来很有趣,但我太忙了。本题考 查连词。由句意可知前后句之间是转折关系,应用连词but,故答案为D项。 37.A 句意:John没有放弃寻找工作,直到他被一家德国公司聘用。本题考查连词。 not...until...直到……才,根据句意可知答案为A项。 38.B 句意:Lucy姑姑从澳大利亚旅行回来后会告诉我们一些关于她去澳大利亚旅行的事情。 本题考查动词时态。when引导时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,故答案为B项。 39.B 句意:机器人能帮助我扫地。多么智能的发明啊!本题考查感叹句的句式结 构:How+adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)!和What(+a/an)+adj.+n.(+主语+谓语)!答案为B项。 40.D 句意:Susan和 Lily昨天这个时候正在农场摘西红柿和其他蔬菜。本题考查动词时态。 由题干中的this time yesterday可知应用过去进行时。故答案为D项。 41.D 句意:到上周末,她已经在中国西部帮助无家可归的儿童两个月了。本题考查动词时态。 由题干中的By the end of last week和for two months可知应用过去完成时,had+过去分词, 表示“过去的过去”。故答案为D项。 42.B 句意:Harry已经决定毕业后开个网店。本题考查动词不定式。decide to do sth.决定 做某事。故答案为B项。 43.A 句意:我不会介意有个室友的。我们可以互相帮助而且也能节省钱。本题考查动名词。 mind doing sth.介意做某事。故答案为A项。 评析 本题属于易错题。考查动名词用法。如果考生不能很好地掌握mind doing sth.的用 法,就很容易答错。 44.C 句意:——记得纸的两面都要打印。——当然,我会的。本题考查情景交际。A:我也 是。B:做得好。C:当然,我会的。 D:没关系。由对话情景可知答案为C项。 评析 本题情景贴近生活,而且考查学生交际能力的同时渗透着节约用纸的教育。 45.C 句意:——我正好及时到那儿赶上了开会。谢谢你借给我自行车。——不客气。A:那 是对的。B:当然不。C:不客气。D:你也一样。由对话情景可知答案为C项。 Ⅲ. [语篇解读] 本文是篇记叙文。题材为人物故事。记述了作者与妈妈关系的变化过程。讲 述上大学前自己的表现及上大学后的改变,从而导致与妈妈关系的变化。 46.D 由下文说的具体事情可知应用argued。argue about sth.为某事争吵。 47.C refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事。 48.B mad生气的。由前文可知只有她没有化妆,故自己很生气。 49.A 由设空处前的形容词性物主代词可知缺少名词,根据上文描述可知此处指“妈妈的行 为使我很生气”。答案为behaviour。 50.B 由下文可知与上大学前表现大不一样。故答案为B项(完全地)。 51.A 由下文可知“我”与妈妈变得更亲近了。故答案为A项。 52.D 由下文看同样的书,给“我”好的建议,可推知此处为一起看电影。故答案为D项。 53.E give sb.advice给某人建议。 [长难句] And when I talked to my friends on the phone,my mum always shouted to tell me to hang up,and the person I was talking to could hear her.而且当我在电话里和朋友谈 话时,我妈妈总是对我喊,让我挂断电话,正在和我谈话的人能听见她的话。 本句中when I talked to my friends on the phone是状语从句,talk to sb.和某人谈 话,on the phone在电话里,tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人去做某事,hang up 挂断电话。 Ⅳ.54.mistakes 考查固定短语。make mistakes犯错。 55.twice 考查序数词。twice a day一天两次。 56.mine 考查代词。由设空处后没有名词及句意可知应用名词性物主代词。 57.manager 考查名词。根据句意可知此处应填manage的名词形式manager(经理)。 58.quietly 考查副词。由设空处前的动词可知应用副词来修饰。故应用quiet的副词形式。 59.wood 考查名词。由设空处前的介词of可知应用名词。wooden的名词形式为wood。 60.sell 考查动词。动词不定式符号to后应用动词原形。sale的动词形式为sell。 61.dislike 考查动词。由前后句之间的转折关系可知应用like的反义词dislike。 Ⅴ. 62.hasn􀆳t finished 由has finished可知是现在完成时,因此否定形式为hasn􀆳t finished。 63.How long 因为画线部分是一段时间,故应用how long提问。 64.To;surprise to one􀆳s surprise 使某人吃惊的是。 65.where to “疑问词+不定式”作宾语。 66.are used 考查被动语态结构:be+动词过去分词。 67.if/whether;could 考查宾语从句。直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变间接引语时,要 用if/whether引导宾语从句,且时态与主句保持一致。 68.The students are doing an experiment in the lab Part 3 Ⅵ. A [语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。题材为采访报道。被采访者是两位职业不同的人:一位是 兽医,另一位是演员。通过采访者的提问及被采访者的回答,我们感受到任何成功的取得都需 要辛勤的付出作为代价。 69.A 词义猜测题。由前句Probably the dog that bit me.可猜测出。 70.D 推理判断题。由Sally回答的第三个问题中的...get a job as a waitress in an Italian restaurant可推断出。 71.D 细节理解题。由文中的After that I didn􀆳t read my reviews any more.可知。 72.A 细节理解题。由Leo回答的第二个问题中的第一句话可知。 73.C 细节理解题。由Leo回答的第三个问题中的最后一句话可知。 74.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知两位都在回答成功前艰辛的经历。 [长难句] You can􀆳t have a break,and if you want to go to the toilet,you have to ask for permission.你不能休息,而且如果你想去上厕所,你不得不请求允许。 本句中and连接两个并列分句,第二个分句中的if you want to go to the toilet是条件 状语从句,主句为you have to ask for permission。have a break休息;want to do sth.想做 某事;have to不得不;ask for请求。 评析 本篇文章选材好。不仅考查了学生的阅读能力,而且也渗透着德育教育,任何人想要成 功都要努力奋斗。 B [语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。题材为事理说明。本文从学生的角度阐述了一 个观点:做最好的自己,不用和任何人比较,因为每个人都是特别的。同时也呼吁父母不要总 是拿自己家的孩子与别人家的孩子比。 75.D 考查副词。由上下文可知前后是转折关系,故用however(然而)。 76.B 考查动词辨析。compare...to...把……与……相比较。77.C 考查形容词辨析。lonely孤独的;forgetful健忘的;disappointed感到失望的;nervous紧 张不安的。根据上下文可知答案为C项。 78.B 考查形容词辨析。helpful 有帮助的;impossible不可能的;necessary必要的;unfair不公 平的。根据上文可知此处要表达:总是比每个人都好是不可能的。 79.A 考查介词辨析。inside在……内;among 在……之间;around在……周围;for为了。根据 上下文可知答案为A项。 80.C 考查名词辨析。由语境可知此处指父母。故答案为C项。 [长难句] When we are growing up,parents sometimes forget to tell us that we are special,and that we are good enough.当我们在成长的时候,父母有时会忘记告诉我们:我们 是特别的,我们是足够好的。 本句中When we are growing up是状语从句,that we are special,and that we are good enough作tell的宾语,是两个宾语从句。grow up成长,长大;forget to do sth.忘记做某事。 C [语篇解读] 本文是一篇关于青少年如何度过课余时间的调查报告。 81.result(s) 考查result(s)的拼写。the result(s)of...……的结果。 82.Physical 考查physical的拼写。physical activity体育活动。形容词physical修饰名词 activity。因为在句首,所以首字母大写。 83.included 考查include的时态和拼写。include动词,意为“包括”,根据上下文时态可知 应用一般过去时。 84.various 考查various(各种各样的)的拼写。根据句意可知是指各种各样的收藏。 85.Visiting 考查visit的拼写及visiting的用法。动名词短语作主语。 86.Another 考查another的拼写及用法。联系上文可知这是在讲另一种与朋友联系的方式。 87.seldom 考查seldom的拼写。seldom很少。根据上下文可知。 D [语篇解读] 本文介绍了一位名叫Chris的探险者以及他所在的组织。从介绍他的工作内容 到他的所在的组织所做的一切,让我们感受到他及他所在的组织的伟大。 88.Yes(,he does). 细节理解题。由文章第一句可知。注意一般疑问句的回答方式及时态。 89.After a war or a disaster. 细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知。 90.Over 27,000. 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知。 91.Doctors with experience in tropical diseases. 细节理解题。由第三段中的Doctors with experience in tropical(热带的)diseases are especially useful可知。 92.Because at the end of each task he has made a real difference to people􀆳s lives./Because his job makes a difference to people􀆳s lives. 细节理解题。由文章最后一 句可知。 93.It is exciting because you may travel to many places and help people in need.It is dangerous because you may work in difficult conditions. 细节理解题。由第三段内容可知。 Ⅶ. [参考范文] This time next year Now I am a junior middle school student.Next year I􀆳m going to graduate from middle school.I am trying my best to study hard to achieve my goals. I hope I can go to a better key senior high school.This time next year,perhaps I will be away from my parents to live in a boarding school.So it􀆳s necessary for me to learnto live on my own.It􀆳ll be exciting to have new classmates and friends.I must know how to get on well with others. In a word,I believe I can really grow up better this time next year.