2019 年浙江省初中毕业生学业考试(嘉兴卷)
英语试题卷
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Last summer my son, Eric, left for university in another country. Our once lively house became quiet and
___1___. I missed him so much that I started sending him messages on the phone, mainly to say ___2___ or to
give him a word of warning.
One of my messages says, “So you told me you ___3___ your credit card(信用卡). If you don’t try hard to
mend your careless ways, one day you’ll ___4___ and find your brain missing.”
I did get Eric's messages, but most of them were about ___5___. They were no different from the notes he
used to leave ___6___ the white board when he was at home.
“I bought a new pair of shoes. They cost me $90. Please help!”
“Money is running short ___7___ I’ve bought some books for my research paper. Help me please!”
___8___, however, Eric begins to send me all kinds of articles: some funny, some touching and some worth
___9___. He says they will help me understand young men better and keep up with the times.
I read the articles slowly, like a ___10___ student, with mixed feelings as well—my kid, who followed me
around not long ago, has now become my ___11___.
So I write back. “I’ve read all those articles. I’ll take ___12___ as a loving son’s expectations towards his
mother. He must be thinking that his mother is still ___13___ enough to accept new things. That makes me feel
proud. What we parents lack(缺乏) most is the ability to learn and ___14___, in both body and mind. Thank you,
my son.”
In this way we share ideas and ___15___ each other, with a gentle and beautiful language we seldom use.
Every time I read those messages, I feel my heart filled with warmth.
1. A. dark B. clean C. lonely D. comfortable
2. A. hello B. sorry C. thanks D. goodbye
3. A. lost B. lent C. designed D. received
4. A. give up B. wake up C. set off D. take off
5. A. health B. music C. money D. safety
6. A. on B. across C. behind D. opposite
7. A. if B. until C. though D. because
8. A. Luckily B. Actually C. Recently D. Immediately9. A. copying B. writing C. thinking D. correcting
10. A. crazy B. popular C. nervous D. careful
11. A. doctor B. teacher C. customer D. classmate
12. A. us B. you C. him D. them
13. A. young B. pretty C. friendly D. honest
14. A. fight B. change C. exercise D. remember
15. A. watch B. invite C. protect D. encourage
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. D
13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文作者谈论了与儿子埃里克的短信往来，说明了儿子和 母亲感情变化过程，从只知道向母亲要钱，母亲
只给儿子打个招呼或发个提醒到儿子给作者发各种各样的文章：一些有趣的，一些感人的，一些值得思考
的，母亲谈论读到这些文章的感受。通过短信，他们分享想法，互相鼓励，用一种他们很少使用的温和而
美丽的语言。每次作者读到这些信息，作者都觉得我的心充满了温暖。
【1题详解】
句意：我们曾经活跃的房子变得安静和寂寞。考查形容词辨析。A. dark黑暗；B. clean干净；C. lonely寂
寞，孤独；D. comfortable舒适的。根据上文Last summer my son, Eric, left for university in another country.
（去年夏天，我儿子埃里克去了另一个国家上大学。）可知“我们曾经活跃的房子变得安静和寂寞。”结
合句意可知填lonely；选C。
【2题详解】
句意：我非常想念他，于是我开始给他打电话，主要是打个招呼或给他一句提醒。A. hello，你好，say
hello：打招呼；B. sorry对不起，say sorry：道歉；C. thanks谢谢，say thanks：说声谢谢；D. goodbye再见
say goodbye：道别。结合句意可知填hello；选A。
【3题详解】
句意：我的一条信息说，“你告诉我你的信用卡丢了。如果你不努力改正你的粗心大意，总有一天你会醒
来发现你的大脑不见了。”考查动词辨析。A. lost丢失；B. lent借出；C. designed设计；D. received收到。
根据下文“如果你不努力改正你的粗心大意，总有一天你会醒来发现你的大脑不见了。”可知“你告诉我
你的信用卡丢了。”结合句意可知填lost；选A。
【4题详解】
句意：我的一条信息说，“你告诉我你的信用卡丢了。如果你不努力改正你的粗心大意，总有一天你会醒
来发现你的大脑不见了。”考查动词短语。 A. give up放弃；B. wake up醒来，唤醒；C. set off出发，动身；D. take off起飞，脱下。结合句意可知填wake up；选B。
【5题详解】
句意：我确实收到了埃里克的短信，但大部分都是关于钱的。考查名词辨析。A. health健康；B. music音
乐；C. money 金钱；D. safety 安全。根据下文“They were no different from the notes he used to leave
___6___ the white board when he was at home. ‘I bought a new pair of shoes. They cost me $90. Please
help!’这和他在家时留在白板上的笔记没什么不同。“我买了一双新鞋。他们花了我 90美元。请帮
忙！’”可知“大部分都是关于钱的”；结合句意可知选C。
6题详解】
句意：这和他在家时留在白板上的笔记没什么不同。考查介词。A. on在…上；B. across（从表面）穿过，
横穿，从一边到另一边；C. behind在…后面；D. opposite在…对面。“白板上在”使用介词on，on the
white board；故选A。
【7题详解】
句意：因为我买了几本供我的研究论文的书，所以资金短缺。考查连词辨析。A. if如果；B. until除非，如
果不；C. though尽管，即使；D. because因为。根据句意可知前后句是因果关系，后句是原因，故填
because；选D。
【8题详解】
句意：不过，最近埃里克开始给我发各种各样的文章：有些有趣，有些感人，有些值得思考。考查副词辨
析。A. Luckily幸好地；B. Actually实际上；C. Recently最近；D. Immediately立即。根据上文叙述更早些
时候发的短信内容，结合转折however可知“最近埃里克开始给我发各种各样的文章：有些有趣，有些感
人，有些值得思考。”结合句意可知填Recently；选C。
【9题详解】
句意：不过，最近埃里克开始给我发各种各样的文章：有些有趣，有些感人，有些值得思考。考查动词辨
析。A. copying抄袭，复制；B. writing写作；C. thinking思考；D. correcting改正，纠正。结合句意可知填
thinking；选C。
【10题详解】
句意：我像一个认真 小学生一样，慢慢地读着文章，感同身受，我的孩子不久前也跟着我，现在成了我
的老师。A. crazy疯狂的；B. popular流行的；C. nervous紧张的；D. careful 小心的，认真的，仔细的。结
合句意可知填careful；选D。
【11题详解】
句意：我像一个细心的学生一样，慢慢地读着文章，感同身受，不久前到处跟着我的我的孩子，现在成了
我的老师。考查名词辨析。A. doctor医生；B. teacher教师；C. customer客户； D. classmate同学。根据上
文“我像一个细心的学生一样”可知是“现在成了我的老师”；结合句意可知填teacher；选B。12题详解】
句意：我要把他们当作儿子对母亲的期望。考查代词。A. us我们；B. you你们；C. him他；D. them它
（他/她）们。本词指代上文提到的那些文章可知使用them指代；故选D。
【13题详解】
句意：他一定在想他母亲还足够年轻以至于可以接受新事物。考查形容词辨析。A. young年轻的；B.
pretty漂亮的；C. friendly友好的；D. honest诚实的。根据下文accept new things可知“足够年轻”；结合
句意可知填young；选A。
【14题详解】
句意：我们父母最缺乏的是学习和改变身心的能力。考查动词辨析。A. fight战斗，打架；B. change 改
变，变化；C. exercise练习；D. remember记住。结合句意可知填change；选B。
【15题详解】
句意：通过这种方式，我们分享想法，互相鼓励，用一种我们很少使用的温和而美丽的语言。考查动词辨
析。A. watch观看；B. invite邀请；C. protect保护；D. encourage鼓励。结合句意可知填encourage；选D。
【点睛】完形填空集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体，考查语言的综合运用能力，是难度最大的题目。
解题的方法要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景；再读全文，搞清短文内容；最后根据句意，联系
上下文确定每个空的正确答案。它的主要题型有（1）考查词义辨析：名词辨析，形容词副词辨析，冠词
辨析，介词连词辨析等；（2）考查句子时态，语态，要根据语境，选择正确的时态和语态的选项；（3）
考查从句（宾语从句，定语从句，主语从句等）；（4）根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。
本题主要考查单词或短语辨析，做此类型题时，要知道每一个词的意义，然后结合上下文背景语境，选择
适合语境的选项。
二、阅读理解
阅读下面四篇材料,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Every year, more than 26,000 children arrive in Britain. We ask some new arrivals what they like best about
their new lives and what’s different from home.16. Among the above four children, ____ probably likes the new school life best.
A. Luck B. Zinah C. Jarek D. Daisy
17. In Zinah’s eyes, her maths teacher in India might be ____.
A. cold B. strict C patient D. humorous
18. The passage is probably taken from ____.
A. a travel magazine B. an education website
C. a geography textbook D. a business newspaper
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B
【解析】
本文主要谈论每年，超过26000名儿童到英国留学。其中四个同学谈论了对新生活最喜欢什么，和家里有
什么不同。Zinah和 Jarek谈论了他们新学校情况，Luck和Daisy谈论他们居住的地方语言和食物。
【16题详解】
题意：在上述四个孩子中，________可能最喜欢新的学校生活。考查细节理解。Luck和Daisy只描述My
sister and I like living here.下文没有提到学校，可知排除A和D；Zinah描述最后2句The school is so big and
some students seem unfriendly. I think it’s hard to communicate with them.（学校太大了，有些学生看起来不友
好。我觉得很难和他们沟通。）可知Zinah不是很喜欢这个学校，而Jarek的描述第3句I like teachers here.
（我喜欢这里的老师。）第6句Here, teachers are patient and don’t give much homework.（在这里，老师们
很耐心，不做太多的家庭作业。）可知Jarek比较喜欢新学校。故选C。
【17题详解】
题意：在吉娜看来，她在印度的数学老师可能是_______。考查细节理解。A. cold冷漠的;B. strict严格的，
严厉的；C patient有耐心的；D. humorous幽默的，滑稽有趣的。根据Zinah的描述第5句I love the mathsclass because the teacher is really funny, just like my maths teacher in India. （我喜欢数学课，因为老师很有趣
就像我在印度的数学老师一样。）可知她在印度的数学老师是很有趣；故选D。
【18题详解】
题意：这篇文章可能是从______摘录的。考查主旨理解。A. a travel magazine 旅游杂志 ；B. an
education website教育网站；C. a geography textbook地理教科书 ；D. a business newspaper 商业报纸。
本文主要谈论每年，超过26000名儿童到英国留学。其中四个同学谈论了对新生活最喜欢什么，和家里有
什么不同。Zinah和Jarek谈论了他们新学校情况，Luck和Daisy谈论他们居住的地方语言和食物。根据本
文主要内容可知这篇文章可能是从教育网站摘录的；故选B。
B
Everyone faces difficulties in their life. Daniel Kish was born with a special eye illness and lost his eyesight
before he was only 14 months old.
Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He learned to make clicks(咔哒声) with his tongue to
help him move around. Kish now moves about using sonar(声呐). He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle by
himself on public roads. And he started the organization World Access for the Blind(WAFTB) in 2000, teaching
others how to use sonar. In the interview with National Geographic, he explains how the sonar works.
“When I make a click sound, it produces sound waves. These waves reflect(反射) off surfaces all around and
return to my ears. My brain then deals with the sound and turns it into pictures in my mind. Each click is like a
camera flash, which helps me make a 3-D picture of my surroundings for hundreds of feet. It’s like having a
conversation with the environment.”
Kish feels it is exciting to ride a bike using a sonar, although he needs to click twice a second, much more than
he usually does. “It may sound a bit dangerous to move around the world in this way,” he says. “But most people in
the world live in fear of things that they imagine. I love hiking and mountain-biking. I go almost everywhere. And
I’ve never had an accident and hurt myself.”
He is happy to be able to help more blind children to improve their life. “We’ve served over 10, 000 students
in nearly 40 countries,” he tells the reporter. “Many students are surprised how quickly results come. Seeing isn’t in
the eyes. It’s in the mind.”
19. Kish moves around using sonar because ____.
A. he is good at making clicks B. it make him “see” the worldC. he has a great interest in science D. it is important for him to keep healthy
20. Which of the following is the right order shoeing the sonar works?
①The sound waves reflect off surfaces.
②The person makes a clicking sound.
③The brain turns the sound into pictures.
④The sound waves reach the person’s ears.
A ①④③② B. ②①④③ C. ①④②③ D. ②③①④
21. What can we learn about World Access for the Blind( WAFTB ) from the passage?
A. It offers the blind free bicycles. B. It sells sonar products to the blind.
C. It teaches the blind to use sonar . D. It helps the blind find more friends.
22. The best title for the passage might be ____.
A. Living without fear B. Travelling with the blind
C. Hoping for the future D. Looking around the world
【答案】19. B 20. B 21. C 22. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文讲述丹尼尔．基什的故事，告诉人们要勇敢地生活。基什出生时患有一种特殊的眼疾，14个月大失明。
不久之后，他学会了用舌头发出咔哒声来帮助他四处走动。基什现在开始使用声纳。他擅长骑车，在公路
上可以自己骑自行车。他于2000年成立了世界盲人通道组织（WAFTB），教其他人如何使用声纳。世界
上大多数人生活在他们想象的事物的恐惧中，基什周游世界从来没有出过事故，也没有伤过自己。他很高
兴能够帮助更多的失明儿童改善他们的生活。他已经为近40个国家的10000多名学生提供了服务。
【19题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句Daniel Kish was born with a special eye illness and lost his eyesight before
he was only 14 months old.（丹尼尔基什出生时患有一种特殊的眼疾，在他只有14个月大之前就失去了视
力。）可知丹尼尔．基什看不见世界，结合第2段第3句Kish now moves about using sonar（基什现在开始
使用声纳走动）可知基什用声纳四处移动是因为它使他“看到”世界；可知选B。
【20题详解】
考查细节理解。题意：以下哪项是正确的声纳工作顺序？①The sound waves reflect off surfaces. 声波从表面
反射；②The person makes a clicking sound. 发出咔哒声；③The brain turns the sound into pictures. 大脑将声
音转化为图像；④The sound waves reach the person’s ears. 声波传到人的耳朵。根据第3段When I make a
click sound, it produces sound waves. These waves reflect(反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My
brain then deals with the sound and turns it into pictures in my mind. Each click is like a camera flash, which helpsme make a 3-D picture of my surroundings for hundreds of feet. It’s like having a conversation with the
environment（当我发出咔哒声时，它会产生声波。这些波从周围的表面反射回来并传回我的耳朵。然后我
的大脑处理声音，并在我的脑海中把它变成图片。每一次点击就像一个照相机闪光灯，它帮助我对周围数
百英尺的环境进行三维拍摄。就像和环境对话一样）可知正确顺序是②①④③；选B。
【21题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第2段第4句And he started the organization World Access for the Blind(WAFTB) in 2000,
teaching others how to use sonar.（他于2000年成立了世界盲人通道组织（WAFTB），教其他人如何使用声
纳。）可知“世界盲人通道组织（WAFTB）教其他人如何使用声纳”；故选C。
【22题详解】
考查主旨理解。本文讲述丹尼尔．基什的故事。基什出生时患有一种特殊的眼疾，14个月大失明。不久之
后，他学会了用舌头发出咔哒声来帮助他四处走动。基什现在开始使用声纳。他擅长骑车，在公路上可以
自己骑自行车。他于2000年成立了世界盲人通道组织（WAFTB），教其他人如何使用声纳。世界上大多
数人生活在他们想象的事物的恐惧中，基什周游世界从来没有出过事故，也没有伤过自己。他很高兴能够
帮助更多的失明儿童改善他们的生活。他已经为近40个国家的10000多名学生提供了服务。根据本文主要
内容可知这篇文章最好的标题可能是勇敢地生活，故选A。
【点睛】阅读理解是最能体现学生的英语能力的题型，分值较高。如何通过掌握解题方法来提升自己解答
阅读理解题的速度和准确率是学生最关心的问题。初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力、主旨理解
能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意和短文内容选出正确的答案。
（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，学生准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜词
能力。做这种题型时，学生要根据上下文意思准确猜出词义。3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，学
生要准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。本文主要考查学生的细节理解能力。准确
理解题意后，到文中找出相关的叙述，做出正确的判断。
C
Fresh green grass. Hundreds of colorful wild flowers. Water running into little pools. Birds making their
homes in boxes. The 9, 500-square-metre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like any other well-
organized park but there’s a difference. It lies on the roofs(屋顶) of industrial and office buildings in the city of
Malmo in Sweden.
Green roofs are not a new invention. And now they are getting popular again. The common roofs of a modem
city have endless black surfaces with no life or water. Perhaps that’s why a garden on a roof becomes such a perfect
choice for more and more people.
Green roofs are not just pretty. They also help to moderate the city temperature. The high temperatures oncommon roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. What is more, they play a part in making
the cities hotter than the countryside around them, causing the “urban heat-island effect”. On a green roof, however,
with its plants and water, temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park. This can greatly cut the costs of
heating and cooling in the building below.
Also, a green roof takes in rain water, and protects the city drainage(排水) system. ___23___ And small
animals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part of nature, rather than
something completely separate from it.
While the cost of building such a roof can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the long term as a result of
energy savings. And wouldn't it be wonderful to be able to walk out into a garden high above the city’s noise and
traffic, whether you're at school or in an office or just at home in a ten-floor block.
23. With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden, the writer wants to explain ____.
A. how wildlife is protected B. what a green roof is like
C. how to organize a good park D. what to do with a spare roof
24. The underlined word “moderate” in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to “____”.
A. raise B. check C. record D. control
25. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?
A. A green roof is alive. B. A green roof stops pollution.
C. A common roof is noisy. D. A common roof increases the cost.
26. The purpose of the passage is to ____.
A. discover the problems with green roofs B. introduce the change of green roofs
C. show the amazing beauty of green roofs D. describe the advantages of green roofs
【答案】23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D
【解析】
本文以奥古斯登堡植物园为例介绍了什么是绿色屋顶以及绿色屋顶的好处。绿色屋顶不只是漂亮。它们也
有助于调节城市温度。此外，绿色屋顶吸收雨水，保护城市排水系统。绿色屋顶充满生机，使这座城市成
为自然的一部分。
【23题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段的描述“新鲜的青草。数百朵五颜六色的野花水流入小水池。鸟在盒子里安家。
这座面积为9500平方米的奥古斯登堡植物园看起来可能和其他组织良好的公园一样，但也有不同之处。它
位于瑞典马尔默市工业和办公楼的屋顶上。”可知“以奥古斯登堡植物园为例，作者想解释一下绿色屋顶
是什么样的。”故选B。
【24题详解】考查词义猜测。A. raise升高，筹集；B. check检查；C. record记录 D. control控制，调节。根据下文的描
述可知“夏天普通屋顶上的高温会使顶层的公寓变得异常炎热。更重要的是，它们使城市比周围的乡村更
热，造成了“城市热岛效应”。然而，在有植物和水的绿色屋顶上，气温变化很小，就像在公园里一样。
这可以大大降低下面建筑的供暖和制冷成本。”可知此句They also help to moderate the city temperature.句
意是：它们也有助于调节城市温度。根据句意可知moderate意思是控制，调节；故选D。
【25题详解】
考查细节理解。根据下文And small animals and birds can make their homes on it.（小动物和小鸟可以在上面
安家。）可知此句是：绿色屋顶充满生机。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查主旨理解。本文以奥古斯登堡植物园为例介绍了什么是绿色屋顶以及绿色屋顶 好处。绿色屋顶不只
是漂亮。它们也有助于调节城市温度。此外，绿色屋顶吸收雨水，保护城市排水系统。绿色屋顶充满生机，
使这座城市成为自然的一部分。根据本文主要内容可知这篇文章的目的是描述绿色屋顶的优点；故选D。
D
Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including
to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.
Harvard Business School researcher, Franccsca Gino, has a different idea. While most people seem to think
that dressing differently from those around you generally has a bad influence, she believes it can actually have a
positive(积极的) effect. And she’s done experiments to support her idea. When her researchers, wearing
sportswear, visited the expensive shops an Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people
than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.
Do people always view less formal(正式的) clothing more positively? Researchers in France took their
research out into the street, to the general public. The video they made shows an actor dressed in a well-cut suit and
shiny shoes. While walking along the road, he begins to cough badly, stops to catch his breath and falls down.
Before he even calls for help, people rush to help him. In another video, the actor appears at the same crowded
place and repeats the actions in exactly the same way. But this time, no one comes to help. What’s the difference?
He’s wearing untidy clothes and looks like a homeless person. In a situation like this, the clothes you’re wearing
could mean the difference between life and death.
It seems that our clothing doesn’t only change the way others view us, but also the way we see ourselves. In an
experiment testing students’ ability to pay attention to details(细节), the group wearing white lab coats did the best.
Why? Researchers told them that they were wearing the doctors coats. The experiment didn’t show whether such
influences would last long. More experiments are needed in the future before we decide to make the doctors’ coatsa must of fashion.
27. Mark Zuckerberg is not considered serious by some people because ____.
A. he does not listen to others’ advice B. he sets up a network of video games
C. he wears jeans and a T-shirt to work D. he often plays jokes at business meetings
28. Which of the following is Gino’s opinion according to Paragraph 2?
A. It is necessary to buy expensive clothes.
B. Wearing less formal clothes is in fact good.
C. It is bad to dress differently from people around you.
D. Wearing sports clothes makes you look less important.
29. In Paragraph 3, the writer proves(证明) his ( her ) opinion mainly ____.
A. by giving reasons B. by using pictures
C. by comparing facts D. by listing numbers
30. What can we learn from the passage?
A. What we wear makes a difference. B. Formal clothing makes a wise man.
C. Our value depends on what we wear. D. Our clothing influences our characters.
【答案】27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
本文谈论了Facebook的创始人马克•扎克伯格经常穿着牛仔裤和T恤衫上班，包括参加重要的商务会议。
这引起了人的争议。哈佛商学院的研究人员Francsca Gino赞成穿不正式的服装上班，认为它实际上能起到
积极的作用。有些人不赞同他的穿着，说他看起来不那么严肃。作者认为我们的衣着不仅改变了别人对我
们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。举了两个例子：1.一个穿着考究的人和一个穿着凌乱的衣服，
看上去像个无家可归的人倒在同一个拥挤的地上，看人们做出不同的反应。2.在一项测试学生关注细节能
力的实验中，穿白色实验服的小组做得最好。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第1段描述Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a
T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he
doesn't look serious this way.（社交网络Facebook的创始人马克•扎克伯格经常穿着牛仔裤和T恤衫上班，
包括参加重要的商务会议。不是每个人都赞同。有人说他看起来不那么严肃。）可知“有些人认为马克扎
克伯格不严肃，因为他经常穿着牛仔裤和T恤衫上班”；故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第2段第2句中she believes it can actually have a positive(积极的) effect.（她认为它实际上
能起到积极的作用。）可知“穿不太正式的衣服实际上很好”是吉诺的观点；故选B。【29题详解】
细节理解题。通读第3段可知作者举了一个穿着考究的人和一个穿着凌乱的衣服，看上去像个无家可归的
人倒在同一个拥挤的地上，看人们做出不同的反应。可知作者主要通过比较事实来证明他的观点。故选
C。
【30题详解】
主旨理解题。本文谈论了Facebook的创始人马克•扎克伯格经常穿着牛仔裤和T恤衫上班，包括参加重要
的商务会议。这引起了人的争议。哈佛商学院的研究人员Francsca Gino赞成穿不正式的服装上班，认为它
实际上能起到积极的作用。有些人不赞同他的穿着，说他看起来不那么严肃。作者认为我们的衣着不仅改
变了别人对我们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。举了两个例子：1.一个穿着考究的人和一个穿
着凌乱的衣服，看上去像个无家可归的人倒在同一个拥挤的地上，看人们做出不同的反应。2.在一项测试
学生关注细节能力的实验中，穿白色实验服的小组做得最好。根据本文主要内容，我们能从本文了解到我
们穿着会产生很大的作用。故选A。
三、词汇运用
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
nine, ours, beside, punish, after all
31. Don’t lose heart. You are new to the work ____.
32. According to the present law, drunk driving must ____ seriously.
33. I always keep a dictionary ____ me when I'm doing crosswords.
34. Last Sunday the whole family celebrated my sister’s____ birthday.
35. The main difference between our brains and those of monkeys is that ____ are bigger.
【答案】31. after all
32. be punished
33. beside 34. ninth
35. ours
【解析】
【31题详解】
句意：别灰心。你对这项工作毕竟还是个新手。after all：毕竟，别忘了；结合句意和所给词提示可知填
after all。
【32题详解】
句意：根据现行法律，酒后驾车必须受到严肃的处罚。根据句意可知此句是含有情态动词的被动语态，其
构成must be +动词的过去分词；punish：惩罚，过去分词punished；结合句意和所给词提示可知填be
punished。【33题详解】
句意：当我做填字游戏时，我总是把字典放在身边。beside：在…旁边，介词；结合句意和所给词提示可
知填beside。
【34题详解】
句意：上星期天全家庆祝我姐姐九岁生日。几岁的生日，需用序数词；nine：九，基数词，序数词是
ninth；结合句意和所给词提示可知答案是ninth。
【35题详解】
句意：我们的大脑和猴子的主要区别在于我们的大脑更大。本词代替我们的大脑，且在表语从句中做主语，
可知填名词性物主代词；ours：我们的，名词性物主代词；结合句意和所给词提示可知答案是ours。
阅读下面短文,然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Cooking was once regarded as a necessary part of education in England. But in recent years, it has become
less important in schools. As a result ___36___(基础的) cooking and food preparation skills are being lost. It is
also making more children overweight, as parents use too much fast food that is ___37___(有害的) to their health.
The government is worried and is looking for ways to ___38___ (解决) the problem. A new law has been
passed. All secondary schools should offer cooking ___39___(课程 ) to students aged from 11 to 14 years old.
They hope that this will encourage people to cook instead of eating ___40___ (准备好的) meals, fast food and
snacks.
Students will learn to cook for one hour a ___41___(星期) for one term. They will learn to use simple and
fresh ingredients(原料) to prepare healthy, tasty food, following ___42___(说明). These cooking skills will be
helpful in their future life. Schools are also setting up cooking clubs all over the country. The clubs will
___43___(提供) more children with the chance to learn to cook.
There are still difficulties. Head teachers are worried about the things they will need for the cooking. And
about 15% of schools do not have ___44___(厨房) ) and there are not enough teachers.
The speaker from the government___45___(允诺) to train 800 teachers and to give schools million pounds a
year to help children from poorer families to pay for ingredients.
【答案】36. basic
37. harmful
38. solve 39. courses/lessons
40. ready 41. week
42. instructions/directions
43. provide
44. kitchens45. promises
【解析】
本文主要谈论英国学校开设烹饪课，帮助学生吃健康的食物。烹饪曾经被认为是英国教育的必要组成部分。
但近几年来，它在学校中的重要性有所降低。基本的烹饪和食物准备技能正在丧失。父母使用了太多的对
他们的健康有害的快餐，这使更多的孩子超重。政府很担心，正在寻找解决问题的方法。一项新法律已经
通过。所有中学都应为11至14岁的学生开设烹饪课程。他们希望这能鼓励人们做饭，而不是吃快捷食品、
快餐和小吃。学生们将在一学期内每周学习一小时的烹饪。学校还在全国各地设立烹饪俱乐部。俱乐部将
为更多的孩子提供学习烹饪的机会。
【36题详解】
句意：因此，基本的烹饪和食物准备技能正在丧失。basic：基础的，基本的，形容词；本词修饰名词skills
可知填形容词；结合句意和汉语提示可知答案是basic。
【37题详解】
句意：这也使更多的孩子超重，因为父母使用了太多的对他们的健康有害的快餐。短语 be harmful to：
对…有害，harmful：有害的。结合句意和汉语提示可知答案是harmful。
【38题详解】
句意：政府很担心，正在寻找解决问题的方法。ways to do sth.：做….的方法；solve：解决，动词；结合句
意和汉语提示可知答案是solve。
【39题详解】
句意：所有中学都应为11至14岁的学生开设烹饪课程。course/lesson：课程，复数是courses/lessons；可
数名词单独使用，要使用复数，表示泛指；单独使用一般不用单数；故答案是courses/lessons。
【40题详解】
句意：他们希望这能鼓励人们做饭，而不是吃准备好的食物、快餐和小吃。ready：准备好的，形容词；
ready meals：方便食品，快捷食品，准备好的食物。结合句意和汉语提示可知答案是ready。
【41题详解】
句意：学生们将在一学期内每周学习一小时的烹饪。不定冠词a后面跟可数名词单数，week：周，one
hour a week：每周一小时；结合句意和汉语提示可知答案是week。
【42题详解】
句意：他们将遵循说明，学习使用简单和新鲜的原料，准备健康，可口的食物。Instruction /direction：说
明；复数instructions/directions；可数名词单独使用，要使用复数，表示泛指；单独使用一般不用单数；故
答案是instructions/directions。
【43题详解】
句意：俱乐部将为更多的孩子提供学习烹饪的机会。本句时态是一般将来时，其构成 will do sth.；provide：提供，provide sb. with sth.：为某人提供某物；结合句意和汉语提示可知答案是provide。
【44题详解】
句意：大约15%的学校没有厨房，也没有足够的教师。kitchen：厨房，复数kitchens；可数名词单独使用，
要使用复数，表示泛指；单独使用一般不用单数；故答案kitchens。
【45题详解】
句意：政府发言人承诺培训800名教师，每年给学校一百万英镑，帮助贫困家庭的孩子支付食材费用。本
文时态主要是一般现在时，结合句意可知此句时态是一般现在时，主语The speaker第3人称单数，可知谓
语动词使用三单形式；promise：允诺，承诺；三单形式是promises；结合句意和汉语提示可知答案是
promises。
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A group of boys were playing basketball in the park. The playground was great, ___46___ there was no
fence(栅栏) around it. If one boy missed the ball, someone had to catch it at once, so it wouldn't go too far away.
One boy threw the ball too hard and it flew like a rocket over the ___47___(head) of all the other boys, and
kept on flying.
Anna was sitting nearby and watching the ducks swim in the river. Suddenly, she ___48___(hear) somebody
shouting and turned to see a big, orange object coming towards ___49___(she).
“Stop the ball,” one of them shouted.
The ball landed close to the river. The ducks flew away quickly.
Anna opened her arms, just in time ___50___(stop) the ball as it was going to fall into the river.
“Could you please bring it over here?” asked one boy ___51___(polite).
Anna walked to them with the ball. She was nervous because the boys were___52___(old) than her. However,
they were very nice and thanked her ___53___ saving the ball.
“Can I join you?” Anna asked.
The boys agreed, but they were not sure___54___ she could throw the ball even close to the basket.
Anna took the ball and then had ____55____ try. The boys watched in surprise as the ball went straight into
the basket. Anna smiled as the boys cheered loudly for her.
【答案】46. but
47. heads 48. heard
49. her 50. to stop
51. politely
52. older 53. for54. if/whether
55. a
【解析】
本文讲述了一群男孩在公园里打篮球。操场很好，但周围没有栅栏。一个男孩把球扔得太猛了，球像火箭
一样飞过所有其他男孩的头顶，向河边的安娜飞来。安娜张开双臂，刚好及时阻止球落入河中。安娜拿着
球走到他们跟前，问 她能否能加入他们。男孩们同意了，但他们不确定她是否能把球扔得更靠近篮框。安
娜接过球，他们惊奇地看着球直入篮筐。他们为她大声欢呼。
【46题详解】
句意：操场很好，但周围没有栅栏。根据句意可知前后句意是转折关系，可知填连词but。
【47题详解】
句意：一个男孩把球扔得太猛了，球像火箭一样飞过所有其他男孩的头顶，继续飞行。根据后面的定语 of
all the other boys可知此名词使用复数，head：头，复数heads；故答案是heads。
【48题详解】
句意：突然，她听到有人大喊，转过身来，看见一个橙色的大东西朝她飞来。本文主要讲述过去发生的故
事，时态主要一般过去时，可知此句时态是一般过去时。hear：听见，过去式heard；故答案是heard。
【49题详解】
句意：突然，她听到一些喊声，转过身来，看见一个橙色的大东西朝她走来。towards：向，朝，对着，介
词，后面跟人称代词宾格；she：她，人称代词主格，宾格是her；故答案是her。
【50题详解】
句意：安娜张开双臂，刚好及时阻止球落入河中。本句谓语动词是opened her arms，后面跟动词不定式做
目的状语；结合句意和所给词可知填to stop。
【51题详解】
句意：“你能把它拿过来吗？”一个男孩礼貌地问。本词修饰动词asked可知填副词；polite：有礼貌的，
形容词；副词是politely；故答案是politely 。
【52题详解】
句意：她很紧张，因为男孩比她大。根据than（比，引出比较的第二部分对象）可知使用比较级；old：大
的，老的，比较级older：更大的，更老的；故答案是older。
【53题详解】
句意：但是，他们很好，感谢她救了球。短语thank sb. for doing sth./sth.：因(做)某事感谢某人；结合句意
可知答案是for。
【54题详解】
句意：男孩们同意了，但他们不确定她是否能把球扔得更靠近篮框。if/whether：是否；结合句意可知答案是if/whether。
【55题详解】
句意：安娜接过球，然后试一试。短语have a try：试一试；结合句意可知答案是a。
五、任务型阅读
下面短文中有1-4四处需要添加小标題。阅读短文,然后从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合
各段意思的小标题,并完成第5题。
Sleep plays an important role in our life. A lack of sleep can influence our ability to work and study.
___56___
Normal people need 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. But for teenagers, a healthy amount(数量) is about 8 to
10 hours. Sadly, only 1/3 of people manage that.
___57___
Tiredness usually reaches its highest twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m. That explains whys students easily fall
asleep in afternoon classes. So sleeping at noon for a while helps us work better in the rest of the day.
___58___
People can make mistakes if they don't get enough sleep. Students cannot pay attention in class or do well in
sports. Drivers who have fallen asleep while driving have caused 1%—10% of the traffic accidents in our life. And
we can imagine what will happen if a doctor feels sleepy at the operating-table!
___59___
There are several ways that can help us sleep better, such as avoiding drinks that make
us excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time each night, and sleeping in a
comfortable place that is dark, quiet and warm.
A. Bad influences B. Sleeping hours
C. The most tiring moments D. Good sleeping habit
The passage mainly encourages us to _______________60_______________. (不得超过5个单词)
【答案】56. B 57. C
58. A 59. D
60. have good sleeping habits/go to bed early/…(合理即可)
【解析】
本文主要谈论睡眠在我们的生活中起着重要作用。睡眠不足会影响我们的工作和学习能力。主要关于四个
方面的问题：睡眠时间、最疲倦的时刻、不良影响和良好的睡眠习惯。
【56题详解】考查主旨理解。根据下文“Normal people need 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. But for teenagers, a healthy
amount(数量) is about 8 to 10 hours. Sadly, only 1/3 of people manage that.正常人每晚需要7到9个小时的睡眠。
但是对于青少年来说，健康的数量大约是8到10小时。不幸的是，只有1/3的人能做到这一点。”可知本
段主要谈论睡眠时间；故选B。
【57题详解】
考查主旨理解。根据下文“Tiredness usually reaches its highest twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m. That explains
whys students easily fall asleep in afternoon classes. So sleeping at noon for a while helps us work better in the rest
of the day.（疲劳达到最高值通常一天两次，分别是凌晨2点和下午2点，这就解释了为什么学生在下午的
课上很容易睡着。所以中午睡一会儿可以帮助我们更好地工作。）” 可知本段主要最疲劳的时刻。故选
C。
【58题详解】
考查主旨理解。根据下文“People can make mistakes if they don't get enough sleep. Students cannot pay
attention in class or do well in sports. Drivers who have fallen asleep while driving have caused 1%—10% of the
traffic accidents in our life. And we can imagine what will happen if a doctor feels sleepy at the operating-table!如
果睡眠不足，人们可能会犯错误。学生不能在课堂上集中注意力，也不能在体育方面做得很好。开车时睡
着的司机在我们的生活中造成了1%-10%的交通事故。我们可以想象，如果医生在手术台上感到困倦，会
发生什么情况！”可知本段主要谈论不良影响；故选A。
【59题详解】
考查主旨理解。根据下文“There are several ways that can help us sleep better, such as avoiding drinks that
make us excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time each night, and sleeping in a comfortable place that
is dark, quiet and warm. 有几种方法可以帮助我们更好地睡眠，例如避免让我们在深夜兴奋的饮料，每晚同
一时间睡觉，以及在黑暗、安静和温暖的舒适地方睡觉。”可知本段主要谈论良好的睡眠习惯。选D。
【60题详解】
考查主旨理解。本文主要谈论睡眠在我们的生活中起着重要作用。睡眠不足会影响我们的工作和学习能力。
根据本文主要内容，可知这篇文章主要鼓励我们拥有良好的睡眠习惯，早睡觉，不要熬夜，拥有一个健康
的生活方式；故答案是have good sleeping habits/go to bed early/…(合理即可)。
61.书面表达
61. 假设你是李华。你在某英文网站上看到一则招募中国志愿者(volunteer)的广告。请根据该广告中所提供
的两个志愿者项目,选择其中一个,结合自己的实际情况,给项目负责人写一封电子邮件,表达你希望参加这个
项目的愿望,并阐述理由。注意: (1)邮件中必须包含招募广告中的信息,可适当发挥。
(2)文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息。
(3)词数: 80~100。邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I want to be a volunteer. _______________
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I want to be a volunteer. I am 16 years old. At the age of 5, my
father told me to learn from others. I learn about the lack of English teachers in the rural areas of western China. I
am good at English and I ’m good with children, too. I think I can teach children English. I can dance and sing, I’m
a good listener. At home I am kind to my grandparents. I am sure that I can make friends with the old people. At the
old people’s home, I may dance and sing for them, and listen to them tell stories. I want to work on the farm
because I would like to help the farmers there out. I’m writing to you so as to apply for a volunteer in a small
village in the west of China.
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】本题是书信作文，也是材料作文。假设你是李华。你在某英文网站上看到一则招募中国志愿者
(volunteer)的广告。请根据该广告中所提供的两个志愿者项目,选择其中一个,结合自己的实际情况,给项目负
责人写一封电子邮件,表达你希望参加这个项目的愿望,并阐述理由。注意电子邮件格式。时态主要是一般现在时。认为阅读材料，认真审题，确定主题，根据招募广告中信息，列出提纲。邮件中必须包含招募广
告中的信息，可适当发挥，词数： 80~100。表达要条理清楚，语言规范。要运用合适的连接词或过渡词，
使文章具有连贯性。写完以后，注意再读一遍，看看有无单词拼写、标点、语法错误（时态、主谓一致
等）。
【点睛】书面表达要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能
力。考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式
结构以便得到较高的分数。语言要规范，时态运用要正确，叙述清楚条里，学习中注意总结，牢记一些固
定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理。注意书写的规范：大小
写、标点符号等的正确运用。注意检查：单词拼写、语法、动词时态、语序、主谓一致等。写作六步法：
1.审题：文体，时态，人称。2.抓住要点：要点是否齐全，适当补充。3.扩充句子：通过增加状语，定语，
连词，使句子意思饱满充实。4.连句成文，合理使用连词。5.改正错误：拼写是否错误，语法时态是否正
确，连词是否恰当等。6.誊写作文：注意书写工整美观整洁。本试卷的题干、答案和解析均由组卷网（http://zujuan.xkw.com）专业教师团队编校出品。
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