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★ 思维导图
★语法：it的用法
it 作形式主语的用法：代词it可以用来代替一个名词、一个短语、一个句子，在句中
作主语或宾语。
1. it作主语指时间、日期、天气、距离和气温等。
It’s nine o’clock now. （指时间）
It is much colder than it was yesterday. （指天气）
It is about 5 kilometers from here to my home. （指距离）
It is very hot in the classroom. （指气温）
2. It作形式主语代替动词不定式，常用于以下句型中：
① it is/was adj. (of/for) sb. to do sth.
当表语是与事物的特征有关的形容词时，如easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary
等，用介词for.
例如：It is difficult for Lucy to learn physics. It is interesting for us to play
badminton.
当表语是描述人的性格、品质的形容词时，如kind, nice, polite, clever, foolish, stupid
等，用介词of.
例如：It is kind of you to help me.
② it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.
例如：It takes him an hour to do his homework every day.
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③it is/was n. to do sth.
例如：It is great fun to have a party here.
3.it作形式主语还常用于句型 “it seems/appears that +从句”，表示 “似乎/好像/看
来......”
例如：It seems that he knows everything. It appears that we are wrong.
★巩固提升
一、单项填空
1. Many cities would __________and disappear.
A. be flooded B. flood C. flooding D. was flooded
2. What would happen our city was ________ flooded.
A. bad B. badly C. good D. well
3. Would anyone remain ___________
A. living B. live C. alive D. to live
4. I _________ about a great flood.
A. to dream B. dream C. dreaming D. dreamt
5. I tried to call my dad, but the line was _______.
A. dead B.die C. dying D. death
6. It's important ________with it.
A. stick B. to stick C. sticking D. sticked
7. I have no time ________about the flood.
A. thought B. thinking C. to think D. thinking
8. But my cries_______ on deaf ears yesterday.
A. falling B. fall C. to fall D. fell
9. It _______onto their desks and covered their computers.
A. poured B. pouring C. pour D. to pour
10. Then I _______. There was no water.
A. wake B. awoke C. to wake D. woken
11._________ is one o'clock.
A. This B. The time C. It D. That
12. _______is wrong to pay no attention to Kevin.
A. That B. Its C. This D. It
13. It took a long time _________ the house.
A. to build B. build C. building D. built
14. It _______ that nobody is paying any attention to the flood.
A. seemed B. seems C. to seem D. seem
15. _______ around and worry about the flood is not a good idea'
A. Sit B. Sitting C. To sit D. sat
: 1—5 ABCDA 6—10 BCDAB 11—15 CDABC
答案
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综合阅读 阅读短文，然后按要求完成第 1—5小题。
二、
It was a Sunday morning in December, and it was very cold. Linda got up at 6:30 in the
morning .It was still dark outside. After breakfast, she took the bus to the railway station. The sun
came out, and it got warmer. Linda looked at her watch, and she became (A) ____. It was a long
way from her home to the station. (E)It was necessary to arrive at the station before8 o’clock.
Otherwise, she could not (B) _____ the train to the small village. The children there (F) 正在等她 .
Linda was a middle school teacher in a city. She started to teach in a village school far away
from her city at the weekend two years ago. It was (C) difficult to (G) keep on teaching for such
a long time. But Linda said it was fun to teach those lovely children.
At a quarter to eight, Linda (D)reached the station. She got on the train at 8:10. It was sunny.
She would spend another wonderful weekend with the children.
1. 在A和B处填入适当单词（A）____（B）_____
2. 同义词语（C）______(D)______
3. 文中划线部分（E）指代的是：_____________
4. 将文中划线部分（F）译成英语：_____________________
5. 将文中划线部分（E）改写为：_____ teaching
参考答案：1. worried, catch 2. hard, got to 3. to arrive at the station 4. were waiting for her
5. continue
三、回答问题 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。
One of the greatest natural disaster in history was the eruption of krakatoa in 1883.Krakatoa is a
small island in Indonesia. No one lived on the island. However, Krakatoa is between large islands
which both have large cities and many people.
The island had three volcanoes on it. On 20 May 1883, smoke began coming out of the smallest of
these volcanoes. The eruptions from this volcano and the other volcano close by cloud be heard in
the city of Jakarta, about 90 kilometres away.
These volcanoes continued to show activity on and off for the next three months. However, the
largest volcano on the island had a large eruption.
This caused a tsunami over 30 metres high, which hit the islands near Krakatoa and killed many
people. However, the worst was yet to come. About forty minutes after this eruption, there was a
landslide on Rakata. This caused the sudden eruption of Rakata. It was one of the largest eruptions
in the history of the world, and resulted in tsunamis more than 46 metres high. The eruption was
so great that it even caused the water to move in the English Channel on the other side of the
Earth, and the island of Krakatoa is now less than a third of its size before the eruption. It is
thought that there were between 35000 and 150000 deaths caused by the eruptions and tsunamis,
but no one knows for sure how many people died.
The volcano poured so much smoke into the air that air temperatures around the Earth dropped by
more than one degree for the next several years, and many countries around the world did not have
a summer time in the following year.
1. Where is Krakatoa?
2. How far away could the eruptions on Krakatoa be heard?
3. What was the worst result of the smaller volcano’s eruption on 27 August 1883?
4. How much of Krakatoa was left after the eruption？
5. Does anyone know for sure how many people died?
参考答案: 1. It is in Indonesia. 2. They could be heard about 90 kilometres away. 3. The sudden
eruption of Rakata. 4.Less than a third of its size before the eruption. 5. No.
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