Afghanistan calls for help
Afghanistan's government has called for help from
other countries and international aid organisations after
an earthquake struck the east of the country on 31
August.
call for 呼吁
international aid 国际援助
strike-struck-struck v. 击打，打
击； 罢工
Where is Afghanistan?
Afghanistan is a country in central Asia. It shares a
border with several countries, including Pakistan to the
east and Iran to the west. It has been heavily affected by
issues such as climate change and conflict, and is one of
the poorest countries in the world. Since 2021, it has been
ruled by the Taliban, a military and political group with
extreme views. While in power, the Taliban government
has restricted
the rights of people living in the country.
Taliban rules particularly affect women, who are banned
from working in most jobs, from public spaces such as
parks, and from going to school beyond Year 6. Since
2021, the funding and aid Afghanistan receives from other
countries has fallen, partly because of opposition to the
Taliban government's policies.
Border n. 边界，过界
Taliban 塔利班
restrict v. 限制
ban v. 禁止
What happened?
The centre of the earthquake was in a remote
mountainous area in the east of Afghanistan. The worst hit
areas were the Nangarhar and Kunar provinces (regions)
but people felt tremors in Kabul, the country's capital city,
and in Islamabad, the capital of neighbouring Pakistan. On
3 September, it was reported that 1,411 people had been
killed, 3,124 people had been injured and more than 5,400
remoteness n. 偏远，偏僻
类型：实时新闻
话题：阿富汗地震求助
题源：The Week Junior
对象：高中
字数：452
homes had been destroyed. The remoteness of the area
where the earthquake struck has made reaching people in
need of help more difficult. The Kunar province also
experienced flooding and landslides in the days before the
earthquake, blocking roads and affecting rescue efforts.
block v. 阻挡，阻塞
How severe was the earthquake?
The earthquake was magnitude 6. The magnitude of
an earthquake is a measurement of how powerful it is. The
centre of the earthquake was relatively close to the Earth's
surface, so it caused lots of damage. In the evening of 2
September a second earthquake of magnitude 5.5 struck
eastern Afghanistan and interrupted rescue work.
Magnitude n. 震级，量级
Relatively adv. 相对地，比较地
What's being done to help?
The mountainous countryside and blocked roads mean
rescuers are using helicopters to search for survivors and
take them to safety.
Different organisations, including the United Nations
(UN) and the International Red Cross and Red Crescent
Movement, are also looking for survivors, as well as giving
out supplies including water, medicine, food and drinking
water. The UN's top official António Guterres said the UN
would “spare no effort to assist those in need in the
affected areas”. Other countries including India and the
United Arab Emirates are providing funding and aid to
help. This includes the UK, which is giving £1 million. UK
Foreign Secretary David Lammy said the money would
help essential healthcare and emergency supplies reach the
hardest-hit areas.
survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
survive v. 幸存；存活
survival n. 生存；幸存
Spare no effort to do sth. 不遗
余力做某事
一、同义词再现
A. destroy B.assist C. call for D. emergent
1. The Afghan government appealed to the international community for urgent aid after the
earthquake. ( )
2. The earthquake devastated entire villages in Nangarhar and Kunar provinces. ( )
3. International aid organizations have sent medical supplies and food to the earthquake-hit
areas.( )
4. The most urgent need in the disaster zone is clean water and medical care. (
)
二、标准新闻结构梳理
1. 新闻导语——事件核心概述
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.灾情细节——救援面临的困境
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3 受灾民众现状——生存危机
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.国际响应——援助行动与挑战
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.长期隐患——灾后重建压力
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
三、重难句分析
"Mountainous countryside and blocked roads mean rescuers are using helicopters to search
for survivors and take them to safety, a move that has slowed down the rescue process due to
limited flight time and harsh weather conditions."
结构拆分 ：
主句
：
"Mountainous countryside and blocked roads mean..."
（主语：
Mountainous
countryside and blocked roads
；谓语：
mean
）
宾语从句
：
"rescuers are using helicopters to search for survivors and take them to
safety"
（作
mean
的宾语，包含
"use sth. to do sth."
结构，两个不定式
"to search..."
和
"to
take..."
并列）
同位语
：
"a move that..."
（补充说明
"using helicopters"
这一行动，其中
that
引导定语
从句修饰
a move
，从句中
"due to..."
作原因状语）
翻译
：“山区地形和受阻的道路意味着救援人员正在使用直升机搜救幸存者并将
他们送往安全地带，但由于飞行时间有限和恶劣天气条件，这一举措减慢了救援进程。”
难点突破
：
"a move that..."
是同位语结构，翻译时需补充逻辑关系（“但”），
使中文表达更连贯；
"harsh weather conditions"
译为“恶劣天气条件”，符合新闻文本的正
式语境。
"The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has stated that while initial
aid shipments have arrived in major cities near the earthquake zone, distributing supplies to
remote villages remains a significant challenge due to damaged infrastructure."
结构拆分 ：
主句
：
"The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has stated
that..."
（主语：
UNHCR
；谓语：
has stated
；
that
引导宾语从句）
宾语从句内部
：
"while initial aid shipments have arrived..., distributing supplies...
remains a significant challenge..."
（
while
引导让步状语从句，主句主语为动名词短
语
"distributing supplies..."
，谓语：
remains
）
原因状语
：
"due to damaged infrastructure"
（说明“分发物资困难”的原因）
翻译
：“联合国难民署（
UNHCR
）表示，尽管首批援助物资已抵达地震灾区附
近的主要城市，但由于基础设施受损，向偏远村庄分发物资仍是一项重大挑战。”
难点突破
：
"while"
此处表“尽管”，引导让步从句，翻译时需体现转折关
系；
"initial aid shipments"
译为“首批援助物资”，准确传达“初始阶段”的含义；
"remote
villages"
对应前文“山区偏远区域”，保持语境一致。
四、阅读理解题（高考题型适配）
（一）细节理解题
1. Which provinces in Afghanistan were the worst hit by the earthquake?
A. Kabul and Herat
B. Nangarhar and Kunar
C. Kandahar and Balkh
D. Helmand and Ghazni
2. Why are rescuers using helicopters for the rescue work?
A. Because helicopters can carry more medical supplies.
B. Because roads in mountainous areas are blocked.
C. Because survivors prefer to be rescued by helicopter.
D. Because harsh weather makes other transport unavailable.
3. What is the most urgent need for survivors in the earthquake-hit areas?
A. Educational resources
B. Clean water and medical care
C. Building materials for houses
D. Communication equipment
4. Which international organization has launched an emergency rescue mechanism?
A. World Health Organization (WHO)
B. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
C. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
D. World Trade Organization (WTO)
（二）推理判断题
5. What can we infer from the fact that "distributing supplies to remote villages remains a
challenge"?
A. The international aid is not enough for the disaster zone.
B. The local government has failed to help with the distribution.
C. The damaged infrastructure has affected aid delivery.
D. Survivors in remote villages have already received enough supplies.
6. What does the author imply about Afghanistan's ability to rebuild after the earthquake?
A. Afghanistan can complete the reconstruction on its own.
B. Afghanistan needs long-term international support for reconstruction.
C. Reconstruction will be completed soon with international aid.
D. Reconstruction is not a priority for Afghanistan now.
（三）主旨大意题
7. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The causes of the earthquake in Afghanistan and its impact on the country.
B. The rescue efforts and challenges after the Afghanistan earthquake, and the need for
international aid.
C. The international organizations' contributions to Afghanistan's disaster relief.
D. The long-term plans for Afghanistan's post-earthquake reconstruction.
8. Which of the following best summarizes Paragraph 4?
A. International aid has arrived in Afghanistan, but distribution is difficult.
B. Many countries have promised to provide financial support to Afghanistan.
C. UNHCR is the most important organization in Afghanistan's disaster relief.
D. Infrastructure damage has stopped all aid from reaching the disaster zone.
五、完形填空题
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。
A powerful earthquake struck Afghanistan earlier this month, bringing great 1.______ to the
country’s eastern provinces. The worst hit areas were Nangarhar and Kunar, where thousands of
homes were 2.______ and many people lost their lives. Local officials reported that the casualty
figures were still 3.______ as rescuers continued to search through the ruins.
In the wake of the disaster, the Afghan government immediately 4.______ to the international
community for urgent aid. However, rescue work has been 5.______ by multiple challenges.
Mountainous terrain and blocked roads have made it hard for rescue teams to 6.______ remote
villages. As a result, rescuers have had to use helicopters to 7.______ survivors and deliver
essential supplies like food and medicine.
Survivors in the earthquake-hit areas are facing severe 8.______. Most of them have lost their
homes and are now living in temporary tents. With winter approaching, the lack of warm clothing
and 9.______ water has become a major problem. Local hospitals are also 10.______ with
patients, and medical supplies are running low.
International organizations have responded to the crisis. The UNHCR has 11.______
emergency relief operations, sending tents, blankets and food to the 灾区. Several countries have
also 12.______ to provide financial support and send medical teams. However, 13.______
supplies to remote areas remains a big challenge due to damaged roads and bridges.
Experts say that while immediate rescue is important, long-term 14.______ will be even
more difficult. Afghanistan’s weak economy and unstable political situation mean it cannot
15.______ the reconstruction work alone. It will need continuous international support in the
coming years.
1. A. hope B. destruction C. progress D. peace
2. A. built B. repaired C. destroyed D. protected
3. A. rising B. falling C. remaining D. disappearing
4. A. apologized B. appealed C. complained D. explained
5. A. speeded up B. carried out C. held back D. turned down
6. A. leave B. reach C. abandon D. explore
7. A. rescue B. punish C. avoid D. train
8. A. opportunities B. pleasures C. comforts D. hardships
9. A. dirty B. clean C. cold D. hot
10. A. filled B. satisfied C. equipped D. connected
11. A. ended B. delayed C. launched D. canceled
12. A. refused B. promised C. forgotten D. hesitated
13. A. producing B. storing C. distributing D. collecting
14. A. reconstruction B. education C. entertainment D. celebration
15. A. start B. finish C. afford D. join
六、语法填空题
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A powerful earthquake hit Afghanistan earlier this month, causing heavy casualties and
widespread damage. The worst affected provinces were Nangarhar and Kunar, where more than
5,400 homes 1.______ (destroy) and thousands of people were left homeless. Local authorities
said that the number of deaths 2.______ (rise) to over 1,400 by the end of last week, with more
than 3,100 people injured.
In remote mountainous areas, rescue work has been made extremely difficult by blocked
roads and damaged bridges. Many villages have lost contact with the outside world, 3.______
(leave) survivors without access to food, water or medical care. To reach these cut-off
communities, rescuers 4.______ (u`se) helicopters to search for survivors and deliver essential
supplies since the disaster began. However, limited flight time and harsh weather 5.______
(continue) to slow down the rescue process so far.
The Afghan government has appealed to the international community for urgent help.
6.______ response, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Red
Cross have launched emergency relief operations. They have sent tents, blankets and medical kits
to the disaster zone, 7.______ local hospitals are struggling to treat the injured due to a shortage of
supplies. A spokesperson from UNHCR said, “Our priority now is 8.______ (ensure) that every
survivor has a safe place to stay and enough to eat.”
Experts warn that the disaster’s impact will last for years. Afghanistan, 9.______ economy is
already weak, faces a huge challenge in rebuilding destroyed homes and infrastructure. Without
long-term international support, it will be nearly impossible for the country 10.______ (recover)
from this tragedy.
