第 14 讲 语法填空之（有提示词）
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】对谓语动词的考查
【题型二】对非谓语动词的考查
【题型三】对名词的考查
【题型四】对代词的考查
【题型五】对形容词和副词的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 对谓语动词的考查
1．（2024高三上·浙江·专题练习）Citizens of higher social classes (permit)to live closer to the
center of the circles.
【答案】were permitted
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构
可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈
述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。
2．（23-24高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）According to some academic studies, sugar painting (date)
back to the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures were made in moulds (模具) as part of a sacrifice in
religious ceremonies.
【答案】dates
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：根据一些学术研究，糖画可以追溯到明朝，当时糖制的动物和人物
是在模具中制成的，作为宗教仪式中祭祀的一部分。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句谓语动词，描述客观
事实用一般现在时，主语是单数名词“sugar painting”，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。
3．（23-24高三上·江苏南通·期末）Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination,
impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness (involve)more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives.
【答案】involves
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：打破根深蒂固的习惯倾向，如拖延、不耐烦、挑剔或自私，这些违反了人
类效率的基本原则，需要的不仅仅是一点意志力和生活中的一些小改变。分析句子结构可知，本句是that
引导的定语从句，主句中缺少谓语，所以involve做本句谓语，主语是Breaking，为第三人称单数，描述的
是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填involves。
4．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）The construction workers (plug) the hole with plastic bags
before it rained heavily.
【答案】had plugged
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：在下大雨之前，建筑工人已经用塑料袋堵住了这个洞。根据时间状语从
句before it rained heavily可知，此处是描述在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，用过去完成时，故填had
plugged。
5．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）So far, large quantities of private information (leak) to the
advertisement agency illegally.
【答案】have been leaked
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，大量的私人信息被非法泄露给了广告公司。主语large
quantities of private information与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文So far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，
“large quantities of +不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，助动词用have。故填have been leaked。
6．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）To any neighboring countries, border issues, unless (handle) properly,
will directly affect the relationship between them and even lead to conflicts.
【答案】handled
【详解】考查状语从句的省略、动词语态。句意：对于任何邻国来说，边界问题如果处理不好，都会直接
影响到邻国之间的关系，甚至引发冲突。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句
含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件状语从句完整句子为unless border
issues are_____ (handled) properly，省略border issues are，border issues和 handle“处理”之间是被动关系，
所以unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时的被动语态，省略border issues are，保留过去分词。故填
handled。
7．（23-24高三下·广东广州·开学考试）Lead researcher Professor Hadany said, “Each plant and each type of
stress (link) to a special sound.”
【答案】is linked
【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：首席研究员哈达尼教授说：“每种植物和每种压
力都与一种特殊的声音有关。”each...and each...作主语，谓语应用单数形式。此处描述客观事实，所以应
用一般现在时。be linked to意为“和……有关”，为被动语态。故填is linked。
8．（23-24高三上·广东湛江·阶段练习）Children should (expose) to as much traditional culture as
possible.
【答案】be exposed
【详解】考查情态动词和语态。句意：儿童应尽可能多地接触传统文化。结合句意可知，主语Children和动词expose“使暴露”为被动关系，故用过去分词exposed，且空前为情态动词should，故填be exposed。
9．（23-24高三上·广东湛江·阶段练习）When she waited at the airport, she (spot) her friend in the
crowd.
【答案】spotted
【详解】考查时态。句意：当她在机场等候时，她在人群中发现她的朋友。根据句意和waited可知，事情
发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，且主语she和spot为主动关系，故此处使用spot“注意到，发现”的过
去式spotted。故填spotted。
10．（23-24高三上·广东湛江·阶段练习）It was the first time she (leave) her motherland.
【答案】had left
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：这是她第一次离开祖国。“It was +第几次+ that sb. had done sth.”表
示“这是某人第几次做某事”，为固定结构，故本空用leave“离开”的过去完成时形式had left。故填had
left。
题型二 对非谓语动词的考查
11．（23-24高三下·广东广州·开学考试）The three most historic sites in Pingyao, often (refer) to as
the city’s “Three Historic Treasures”, are the ancient brick-made city wall, Zhenguo Temple and Shuanglin Temple.
【答案】referred
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：平遥最具历史意义的三处遗址，通常被称为平遥的“三大历史瑰宝”，
分别是古城墙、镇国寺和双林寺。句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，sites和refer之间是逻辑动宾关
系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填referred。
12．（23-24高三上·广东湛江·阶段练习）We are nothing more than a group of kids (seek) excitement and
challenge.
【答案】seeking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不过是一群寻求刺激和挑战的孩子。分析句子结构可知，本句系动
词为are，故本空为非谓语，故填现在分词seeking“寻求”，作定语，修饰名词kids。故填seeking。
13．（23-24高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to
(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【答案】visiting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理
员经常来检查从中国借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语为talk，空处填非谓语动词，且Chinese
zookeepers与visit“参观，访问”为主动关系，故此处用现在分词转化的形容词visiting“来访的，参观的”
修饰名词Chinese zookeepers。故填visiting。
14．（2024高三·全国·专题练习） (equip) with global vision (视野) and the spirit of innovation is
crucial to China’s younger generation.
【答案】Being equipped
【详解】考查动名词和被动语态。句意：具备全球视野和创新精神对中国的年轻一代至关重要。beequipped with是固定短语，意为“具备”，空格处用动名词作主语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填
Being equipped。
15．（23-24高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）I benefit a lot from the column (intend) for teenagers
interested in western cultures.
【答案】intended
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我从这个针对对西方文化感兴趣的青少年的专栏中获益良多。be
intended for打算供……用； 想用于，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。根据句意，故填intended。
16．（23-24高三下·重庆·开学考试）With dreams of helping others, Mario plans (work)in an
old people’s home this summer.
【答案】to work
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀着帮助他人的梦想，马里奥计划今年夏天去敬老院工作。plan to do意
思为“计划做”，空处缺少不定式作宾语。故填to work。
17．（23-24高三上·河北·期末）She found herself (stick) at home with only her computer to
keep her company.
【答案】stuck
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她发现自己被困在家里，只有电脑陪伴她。此处是find+宾语+宾语补足
语结构，宾语herself和动词stick(困住)是被动关系，be stuck at固定搭配，意为“被困在”，应用过去分词
作宾语补足语，故填stuck。
18．（23-24高三上·河北衡水·期中）Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12
April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world (go) into space.
【答案】to go
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：之后，苏联致力于将人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为
世界上第一个进入太空的人。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词person，当所修饰词前有序数词
时，应用不定式作后置定语，故填to go。
19．（23-24高三上·河北衡水·期中）Tu Youyou concluded that (boil) the sweet wormwood
apparently destroyed its medical properties.
【答案】boiling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦得出结论，将苦艾煮沸显然会破坏其药用特性。设空处在that引
导的宾语从句中为非谓语动词作主语，应用动名词形式，故填boiling。
20．（23-24高三上·河南南阳·阶段练习） (consist) of chewy handmade noodles and flavorful and
clear soup, shaved a beef deep red chili oil and lots of characteristic ingredients, Lanzhou Beef Noodles has
received a large number of votes from Chinese citizens.
【答案】Consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：兰州牛肉面由有嚼劲的手工面条和美味的清汤组成，再加上牛肉深红辣
椒油和许多特色食材，兰州牛肉面获得了中国公民的大量投票。句中谓语是has received，空格处用非谓语
动词，Lanzhou Beef Noodles和consist of之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首，首
字母大写，故填Consisting。题型三 对名词的考查
21．（23-24高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）Moreover, the sugar painting artists have gained increasing
(recognize).
【答案】recognition
【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，糖画艺术家也得到了越来越多的认可。根据“increasing”可知空处需填
名词作宾语，recognize作动词，表示“认可”。名词recognition是不可数名词。故填recognition。
22．（23-24高三上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Simple acts of kindness and （generous）can be seen
everywhere.
【答案】generosity
【详解】考查名词。句意：善良和慷慨的简单行为随处可见。此处与前面的kindness并列用不可数名词作
介词of的宾语。故填generosity。
23．（2024高三上·浙江·专题练习）Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong
has its stories, and some are even associated with historic (event).
【答案】events
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，
甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名
词，应用复数形式。故填events。
24．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）The newly-founded firm was accused of (honest) and incompetence
by several customers last month.
【答案】dishonesty
【详解】考查名词。句意：上个月，这家新成立的公司被几位客户指控不诚实和不称职。分析句子可知，
此空应填名词作介词后宾语，再由句意可知，此空应填dishonesty，表“不诚实”，为不可数名词，符合
句意。故填dishonesty。
25．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）Authentic English (pronounce) and expressive body languages made
him stand out in the English speech contest.
【答案】pronunciation
【详解】考查名词。句意：纯正的英语发音和富有表现力的肢体语言使他在英语演讲比赛中脱颖而出。
English是形容词，修饰名词，pronounce的名词是pronunciation，意为“发音”，是不可数名词，故填
pronunciation。
26．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）In the experiment after (participate) had tasted or smelled
both samples, they indicated which one they preferred.
【答案】participants
【详解】考查名词。句意：在实验中，参与者品尝或闻到两种样品后，他们指出自己更喜欢哪一种。空处
作after引导的时间状语从句的主语，结合they可知，此处应填表示人的名词，participant“参与者”，可数
名词，此处应用名词复数形式，故填participants。
27．（23-24高三下·重庆·开学考试）Linda gave me a lot of useful (advise) on how toimprove my reading speed.
【答案】advice
【详解】考查名词。句意：琳达就如何提高我的阅读速度给了我很多有用的建议。根据句意及英文提示可
知，此处使用不可数名词advice“建议”，作宾语。故填advice。
28．（22-23高三上·湖南长沙·开学考试）Although the library was open to everyone, all readers had to pay for
a membership or (subscribe) in order to borrow books.
【答案】subscription
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管图书馆对所有人开放，但所有读者都必须支付会员费或订阅费才能借书。
or是表示选择关系的并列连词，连接前后两个并列的成分，由a可知空处填名词单数形式。故填
subscription。
29．（23-24高三上·河北·期末）Convey my (congratulate) to her.
【答案】congratulations
【详解】考查名词。句意：请转达我对她的祝贺。此处应用名词congratulation作宾语，为可数名词，表示
“祝贺”，通常用复数形式，故填congratulations。
30．（23-24高三上·新疆伊犁·开学考试）The (found) are to be strengthened to prevent the
house from sinking further into the ground.
【答案】foundations
【详解】考查名词。句意：地基要加固，以防止房子进一步向地下下沉。提示词作主语，用名词
foundation，意为“地基”，结合系动词are可知，主语为复数名词。故填foundations。
题型四 对代词的考查
31．（23-24高三·湖南·假期作业）Some netizens admitted to switching their fitness idol Pamela Reif to Liu,
with some even calling (them) ‘Liu Genghong boys or girls. ’
【答案】themselves
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：一些网友承认他们的健身偶像从Pamela Reif转向了Liu，有些人甚至称自
己为“Liu Genghong男孩或Liu Genghong女孩”。根据句意可知，动词calling的动作对象是其逻辑主语
some自身，所以用其反身代词作宾语，them的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。
32．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）We can’t seem to make up (we) minds whether we want a
modern city or a traditional one.
【答案】our
【详解】考查代词。句意：我们似乎无法决定是要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统的城市。固定短语make
up one’s mind(s)意为“下定决心，做出决定”，因此应用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。
33．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） is no wonder you can’t sleep when you eat so much.
【答案】It
【详解】考查形式主语it。句意：你吃了这么多，难怪你睡不着。It be no wonder (that)...是固定句型，表示
“难怪……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填It。34．（23-24高三上·新疆阿克苏·阶段练习）You’ll spend one day travelling by boat to (you)
accommodation in the middle of the forest.
【答案】your
【详解】考查代词。句意：你将用一天的时间坐船到你在森林中心的住处。修饰名词用形容词性物主代
词，故填your。
35．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）When he gets anxious, he often breathes deeply to calm (he)
down.
【答案】himself
【详解】考查代词。句意：当他焦虑时，他经常深呼吸使自己平静下来。固定搭配calm oneself down“冷静
下来”，根据主语he可知，此处使用代词himself“他自己”作宾语。故填himself。
36．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Our neighbors gave (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt (it)
when it fell from its nest.
【答案】 us itself
【详解】考查代词。句意：我们的邻居昨天送给我们一只雏鸟，它从窝里掉下来时受了伤。第一空作动词
的宾语，应用宾格us；第二空表示“它自己”应用反身代词itself。故填①us；②itself。
37．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）We must keep reminding (we) that it is easier to get into
something than it is to get out of it.
【答案】ourselves
【详解】考查代词。句意：我们必须不断提醒自己，进入某事比离开某事更容易。根据句子主语“We”可
知，空处应用反身代词ourselves，作动词reminding的宾语，强调动作的执行者与接受者都是we。故填
ourselves。
38．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Yet the teenage dream seems to conflict with the experience of real life;
when the same question was put to 18- and 19-year-olds, almost half of (they) replied that teenagers
should not leave home before the age of 18.
【答案】them
【详解】考查代词。句意：然而，青少年的梦想似乎与现实生活的经历相冲突；当向18岁和19岁的青少
年提出同样的问题时，几乎一半的人回答说，青少年在18岁之前不应该离开家。分析句子可知，空处应填
代词them“他们”在句中做介词of的宾语。故填them。
39．（23-24高三下·山东日照·期中）And now we find (we) in the great new age of technology.
【答案】ourselves/us
【详解】考查代词。句意：现在，我们发现自己处于一个伟大的技术新时代。空处作find的宾语，可用代
词宾格us，另外，主语和宾语均指代“我们”，所以也可用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves或us。
40．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）After working for many years to increase (they) numbers, there
are now more than 1800 giant pandas that live in the wild.
【答案】their
【详解】考查代词。句意：经过多年的努力来增加它们的数量，现在有1800多只大熊猫生活在野外。修饰
名词numbers应用形容词性物主代词their，意为“它们的”。故填their。题型五 对形容词、副词的考查
41．（23-24高三下·广东广州·开学考试）Gathering a few close friends to take a (delight)stroll
through the city streets has become a favored activity among young people in China in the past few years.
【答案】delightful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在过去的几年里，与几个亲密的朋友聚在一起，在城市的街道上愉快地漫
步，已经成为中国年轻人喜欢的活动。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰stroll。delightful意为“令人愉快
的”。故填delightful。
42．（23-24高三下·广东广州·开学考试）Yesterday the employer tried hard to persuade his employees to deal
with the (urge) matters by Friday.
【答案】urgent
【详解】考查形容词。句意：昨天雇主极力劝说他的雇员在星期五之前处理紧急事务。空格处用形容词作
定语，修饰名词matters，urge的形容词是urgent，意为“紧急的”。故填urgent。
43．（23-24高三下·广东广州·开学考试）Some people thought his disease was so severe that it was
(cure).
【答案】incurable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些人认为他的病很严重，无法治愈。空处应用形容词作表语。根据句中的
his disease was so severe可知，有些人认为他的病情严重，无法治愈，incurable意为“不能治愈的”。故填
incurable。
44．（23-24高三上·江苏·开学考试）As far as I can see, reading books is (benefit) to your future.
【答案】beneficial
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在我看来，读书对你的未来是有益的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词
作表语，benefit的形容词为beneficial意为“有益的”符合句意。故填beneficial。
45．（23-24高三上·江苏·开学考试）The man always taught his children to be (respect) of other
cultures.
【答案】respectful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个人总是教育他的孩子们要尊重其他文化。分析句子可知，空处作be的表
语，respect的形容词形式respectful“表示敬意的，尊敬的”符合题意，构成固定短语be respectful of，意为
“尊重”。故填respectful。
46．（23-24高三上·江苏南京·阶段练习）She (gentle) took hold of the door handle, turned it,
entered the room and laid the baby down on the bed.
【答案】gently
【详解】考查副词。句意：她轻轻地抓住门把手，转动门把手，走进房间，把婴儿放在床上。分析句子结
构可知，此处为副词gently作状语修饰动词短语took hold of。故填gently。
47．（23-24高三上·江苏南通·期末）With this data, the UN can identify the root causes of poverty and work
with governments and communities to ensure that those causes are (efficiency) addressed.
【答案】efficiently【详解】考查副词。句意：有了这些数据，联合国可以确定贫困的根源，并与政府和社区合作，确保这些
根源得到有效解决。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词，应该用副词作状语，efficiency的副词形式是
efficiently。故填efficiently。
48．（23-24高三·江苏南通·高三试题）When the body is stressed, ill or old, some gut microorganisms respond
(negative), releasing harmful substances which may enter the brain through the bloodstream.
【答案】negatively
【详解】考查副词。句意：当身体受到压力、生病或衰老时，一些肠道微生物会做出负面反应，释放有害
物质，这些物质可能会通过血液进入大脑。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词修饰动词。negative的副词形
式为negatively，意为“消极地；负面地”。故填negatively。
49．（23-24高三下·广东广州·开学考试）It is a (whole) unique plateau wetland ecosystem and
serves as an important ecological defense for the country.
【答案】wholly
【详解】考查副词。句意：它是一个完全独特的高原湿地生态系统，是国家重要的生态屏障。分析句子可
知，空处修饰形容词unique，应用whole的副词形式wholly，意为“完全地”，表示完全独特的高原湿地
生态系统。故填wholly。
50．（23-24高三下·广东广州·开学考试）It’s a great way for me to relieve stress and pressure, and dance my
way towards feeling (energy)and happy again.
【答案】energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这对我来说是一个很好的方式来缓解压力，用我自己的方式跳舞让我重新感
到精力充沛和快乐。空处和and后的happy并列，作feeling的表语，应用形容词energetic，意为“精力充
沛的”。故填energetic。
题型 语篇填空
Passage 1（23-24高三·上海·实验学校试题）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
OpenAI publishes Elon Musk’s emails. ‘We’re sad that it’s come to this’
OpenAI fired back at Elon Musk, who sued the ChatGPT company last week for chasing profit and 1
(diverge) from its original, nonprofit mission. Tuesday night, OpenAI published several of Musk’s emails from the
early days of the company that appear to show Musk acknowledging OpenAI needed to make a ton of money to
fund the incredible computing resources needed to power 2 AI ambitions.
In the emails, parts of 3 have been redacted (修订), Musk argues that the company stoodvirtually no chance of building a successful generative AI platform by raising cash alone, and the company needed
to find alternate sources of revenue to survive.
In a November 22, 2015, email to CEO Sam Altman, Musk, an OpenAI co-founder, said the company
needed to raise much more than $100 million to “avoid sounding hopeless.” Musk suggested a $1 billion funding
commitment and promised that he would cover 4 did not get raised.
OpenAI in a blog post Tuesday night said Musk never followed through on his promise, 5
(commit) $45 million in funding for OpenAI, 6 other donors raised $90 million. Lawyers for Musk
declined to comment on OpenAI’s claims.
Musk, in a February 1, 2018, email, told company executives that the only path forward for OpenAI was for
Tesla, his electric car company, to buy it. The company refused, and Musk left OpenAI later that year.
In December 2018, Musk emailed Altman and other executives that OpenAI would not be relevant “ 7
a dramatic change in execution and resources.”
“This needs billions per year immediately or forget it,” Musk emailed. “I really hope I’m wrong.”
OpenAI executives agreed. In 2019, they formed OpenAI LP, a for-profit entity that exists within the larger
company’s structure. That for-profit company took OpenAI from effectively worthless to a valuation of $90 billion
in just a few years — and Altman 8 (credit) as the mastermind of that plan and the key to the
company’s success.
Microsoft has since committed $13 billion in a close partnership with OpenAI.
Musk’s complaint, 9 (file) last week in California state court, said that company and its
partnership with Microsoft violated OpenAI’s founding charter, representing a breach of contract. Musk is asking
for a jury trial and for the company 10 (pay) back the profit they received from the business.
【答案】
1．diverging 2．its 3．which 4．whatever 5．committing 6．while 7．without
8．is/was/has been credited 9．filed 10．to pay
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍OpenAI公布了埃隆·马斯克的电子邮件，马斯克上周起诉这家
ChatGPT公司追逐利润，偏离了最初的非营利使命。
1．考查动名词。句意：OpenAI回击了埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)，后者上周起诉这家ChatGPT公司追逐利
润，偏离了最初的非营利使命。设空处和chasing共同作介词for的宾语，也应用动名词形式，故填
diverging。
2．考查代词。句意：周二晚上，OpenAI公布了马斯克早期的几封电子邮件，这些邮件似乎表明，马斯克
承认OpenAI需要赚很多钱，才能为其人工智能雄心所需的惊人计算资源提供资金。设空处修饰名词AI
ambitions，指代主语OpenAI，所以用形容词物主代词表示它的，故填its。
3．考查定语从句。句意：在这些电子邮件(部分内容已被编辑)中，马斯克辩称，该公司几乎没有机会通过
单独筹集资金来建立一个成功的生成式人工智能平台，公司需要找到其他收入来源才能生存。设空处引导
定语从句，指代先行词emails，从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。
4．考查宾语从句。句意：马斯克提出了10亿美元的融资承诺，并承诺他会支付任何没有筹集到的资金。
设空处连接宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“任何没有筹集的资金”，应用whatever，故填whatever。
5．考查现在分词。句意：OpenAI在周二晚上的一篇博客文章中表示，马斯克从未兑现他的承诺，他承诺为OpenAI提供4500万美元的资金，而其他捐助者则筹集了9000万美元。本句已有谓语followed，设空处
为非谓语动词，和主语Musk之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填committing。
6．考查连词。句意：同上。other donors raised $90 million和上文构成并列关系，表对比，应用while连
接，故填while。
7．考查介词。句意：2018年12月，马斯克给奥尔特曼和其他高管发了一封电子邮件，称“如果在执行和
资源方面没有重大变化”，OpenAI就不会有意义。设空处后接名词，并且表示没有，应用介词without，
故填without。
8．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这家以盈利为目的的公司在短短几年内就将OpenAI从一文不值提升
到900亿美元的估值，而奥特曼被认为是该计划的策划者，也是公司成功的关键。设空处为谓语，和主语
Altman之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，本句描述的事实，可以用一般现在时，并且也可以描述为当时的
一种状态，也可以用一般过去时，另外也可以表示对现在造成的一种结果，用现在完成时，主语单数，谓
语用第三人称单数，故填is/was/has been credited。
9．考查过去分词。句意：马斯克上周在加利福尼亚州法院提起诉讼，称该公司及其与微软的合作违反了
OpenAI的创始章程，违反了合同。本句已有谓语said，设空处修饰名词Musk’s complaint作后置定语，和
名词之间是被动关系，故填filed。
10．考查不定式。句意：马斯克要求进行陪审团审判，并要求该公司偿还他们从这项业务中获得的利润。
设空处为非谓语动词，作宾语补足语，故填to pay。
Passage 2 （2024·浙江嘉兴·模拟预测）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
According to data from people.cn, Chinese hanfu consumers was over 2 million in 2018. A recent report
estimates that by the end of this year, 11 number of people using hanfu products in China will reach 6.89
million, with total sales expected 12 (add) up to 10.16 billion yuan.
Why has the traditional clothing made a comeback in recent years?
For Qingzhi, a law student from Communication University of China, wearing hanfu to class every day gives
her 13 (inspire). Qingzhi said she liked to explore various outfits within her hanfu collection. By matching
the clothing 14 modern accessories (配饰), she can find a unique look.
Unlike Qingzhi, Wan Yue, a mother of two, became a hanfu 15 (enthusiasm) for the sense of
community. As someone 16 (belong) to the Han ethnic group, she has always been eager to wear clothing
17 is representative of her community.
With the rapid development of China’s economy, people 18 (gain) more cultural self-confidence in
recent years, and attention is shifting to the refreshment of 19 (nation) culture,” China Today noted. As
a symbol of Chinese aesthetics (美学), hanfu contributes to 20 (quiet) motivating a re-emerging
Chinese fashion style.
【答案】
11．the 12．to add 13．inspiration 14．with 15．enthusiast 16．belonging
17．that/which 18．have gained 19．national 20．quietly【导语】本文是一篇说明文。现在许多年轻人喜欢汉服。汉服文化的兴起实际上是中国传统文化兴起的一
个侧面。年轻人通过对汉服的了解，增强了对传统文化的认知，进而产生文化自信，促进中国传统文化的
复兴。
11．考查固定短语。句意：最近的一份报告估计，到今年年底，中国使用汉服产品的人数将达到689万，
总销售额预计将达到101.6亿元。固定短语the number of (……数量)。故填the。
12．考查不定式。句意：最近的一份报告估计，到今年年底，中国使用汉服产品的人数将达到689万，总
销售额预计将达到101.6亿元。固定短语be expected to do sth. (被期望/预计做某事)，add用不定式形式，
with复合结构，expected to add up to 10.16 billion yuan是过去分词短语作宾补。故填to add。
13．考查名词。句意：对于来自中国传媒大学的法律系学生清芝来说，每天穿着汉服上课给了她灵感。在
形容词性物主代词her后，用不可数名词inspiration作动词gives的宾语。故填inspiration。
14．考查固定短语。句意：通过将衣服与现代配饰搭配，她可以找到一种独特的外观。固定短语match…
with… (使……与……相配)。故填with。
15．考查名词。句意：与清芝不同的是，作为两个孩子的母亲，万悦成为了一名追求社区感的汉服爱好
者。结合语义和不定冠词a，用单数名词enthusiast (爱好者)作表语。故填enthusiast。
16．考查现在分词。句意：作为一个汉族人，她一直渴望穿上能代表她所在社区的衣服。分析句子可知，
空格处为非谓语动词短语，belong to无被动形式，用其现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰复合不定代词
someone。故填belonging。
17．考查定语从句关系词。句意：作为一个汉族人，她一直渴望穿上能代表她所在社区的衣服。该空引导
限制性定语从句，先行词是clothing，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。
故填that/which。
18．考查时态。句意：随着中国经济的快速发展，近年来人们获得了更多的文化自信，人们的注意力正在
转移到振兴民族文化上，”《今日中国》指出。设空处在句中作谓语，结合时间状语in recent years，此处
表示过去所做的事情对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为people，助动词用have。故填have gained。
19．考查形容词。句意：随着中国经济的快速发展，近年来人们获得了更多的文化自信，人们的注意力正
在转移到振兴民族文化上，”《今日中国》指出。设空处应为形容词national作定语，修饰名词culture。
故填national。
20．考查副词。句意：作为中国美学的象征，汉服有助于悄然激发一种重新崛起的中国时尚风格。设空处
应用副词quietly作状语修饰动词motivating。故填quietly。
1.（2024新课标I卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This
beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences
English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure
that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals
open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays
59 (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced
by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time.
These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden
also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over
300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the
southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought
the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in
England.
【答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks 61 the 62. favorites 63. as 64. which##that
65. richness
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国
家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路
的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
56.考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查
短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。
57.考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词
structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth.
to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to
give。
59.考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之
后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。
60.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅
程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一
般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
61.考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：
for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
62.考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名
词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。
63.考查介词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热
带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英
国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
64.考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国
亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带
到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，
关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
65.考查名词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热
带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英
国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填
richness。
2.（2024九省联考卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head
toward the computer. Now, most people reach for ___36___ (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish
primary school, however, Mr. Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting
___37___ (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also ___38___ old
fashioned fountain pens.
Fountain pens ___39___ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are
refillable. Today, a writer ___40___ (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets ___41___ new one.
So far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more
care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the ___42___ (improve) he
sees in his students’ writing ___43___ in his own writing. He knows that computers are here ___44___ (stay) and
that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to
write faster, and they can feel proud of ____45____ (they).
【答案】56. keyboards 57. is 58. with 59. were used 60. simply 61. a 62. Improvement 63. and 64. to stay 65.
themselves
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在苏格兰的一所小学里，诺曼·刘易斯让学生使用老式钢笔写字取得
良好效果的故事。
56.考查名词的数。句意：现在，大多数人拿起键盘的速度比拿起笔的速度还快。根据空格前的介词for可
知，空格处应填名词作宾语，keyboard为可数名词，前面没有冠词应用名词的复数形式。故填keyboards。
57.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，
还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。空格处作谓语，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语
handwriting为不可数名词，应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
58.考查介词。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式
的钢笔写字。根据空格后的名词old fashioned fountain pens可知，空格处应填介词，表示“使用”应用介词with。故填with。
59.考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重
新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之
间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
60.考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语，修饰动词
throws，应用副词形式。故填simply。
61.考查冠词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格后的代词 one指代可数名
词pen，此处表示泛指，且new是以辅音音标开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
62.考查名词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。根据空格前的冠词 the可知，空
格处应填名词作介词with的宾语，表示“改善”是improvement，为不可数名词。故填improvement。
63.考查连词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。空格前短语 in his students’
writing和空格后的短语in his own writing为并列关系，应用and表示这种关系。故填and。
64.考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。根据空前的动词 are可知，空格处应填不
定式作表语，be to do为固定搭配，表示“必定会”，是对未来的一种推测。故填to stay。
65.考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感
到自豪。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用 themselves。故
填themselves。
3.（2023新课标I卷）
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,
36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive
steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 37 (bite) a small hole in it first,
releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot
soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 39 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food
historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There
you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40
hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41 (lift)
out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. The meat
should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always
left 45 (want) more next time.
【答案】36. tasty 37. to bite 38. or 39. recognized 40. by 41. to be lifted 42. their 43. a 44. rarely 45. wanting
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包美味，发源地以及制作方法
等等。
36.考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最
喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
37.考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面 to put并
列作宾语，故填to bite。
38.考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴
里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
39.考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南
翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分
词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
40.考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压
的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不
会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾
语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式
to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
42.考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会
撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
43.考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点
点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
44.考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再
买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下
次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据
句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
4.（2023新课标II卷）
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind
it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals?
Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have
been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English.
And who do they speak English 38 ?
Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to
check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in
English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the
panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 45
(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers
do their job in English.
【答案】36. arrival 37. confident 38. with 9. the 40. visiting 41. interviews 42. why 43. Basically 44. and 45.wished
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。
36.考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮
助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空
处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。
37.考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在
帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，
作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
38.考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：
speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。
39.考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特
指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
40.考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检
查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形
容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
41.考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动
词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填
interviews。
42.考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从
句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培
训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
43.考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用
副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
44.考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，
“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应
该用and连接。故填and。
45.考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本
句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。
故填wished。
5.（2022新课标全国II卷）
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-
floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his
arms to catch the 56 (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors
say he'll be OK.
57 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs.Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 58 (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and
climbed up 59 (see) them. When he looked down, he 60 (accidental ) slipped and fell over the
edge. He hung on for a few minutes 61 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 62 (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the
balcony. He quickly 63 (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my 64 (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know 65 to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
56. falling 57. The 58. asleep 59. to see 60. accidentally 61. and 62. was fixing 63. threw 64. son's 65. how
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下
来的小孩Eric的故事。
56. falling考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳
过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语
动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。
故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
57. The考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词
与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于
句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
58. asleep考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词
作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，
asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
59. to see考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一
把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，
他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
60. accidentally考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结
构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词 slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为
accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
61. and考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，
设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
62. was fixing考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动
词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的
事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
63. threw考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后
的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填
threw。
64. son’s考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，
故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。65. how考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to
do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。
6.（2023浙江1月卷）
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 56 arranged the residential
areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 57 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian,
appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by
the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 59 (permit) to live closer to the center of
the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60 (feature)
beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61
(space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were
far smaller in scale and 62 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 63
capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 64
(event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace,
and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 65 culture of grassroots Beijingers.
56. and 57. originally 58. surrounded 59. were permitted 60. featured 61. spacious 62.simpler 63. as 64. events 65.
the
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
56.考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可
知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。
57.考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词
meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结
构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动
宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
59.考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，
空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用
一般过去时。故填were permitted。
60.考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁
和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过
去时。故填featured。
61.考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容
词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
62.考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更
窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填
simpler。63.考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些
还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。
64.考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有
一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应
用复数形式。故填events。
65.考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草
根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概
念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
7.（2022新课标全国I卷）
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 56
(cover)an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first
national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58
(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59
(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60
(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61 leaving behind precious natural
assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62
(population)and homes of giant pandas, and 63 (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the
wild.
Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection
for all the species 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the
ecosystem in the area.
56.Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64. as 65. that
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。
56. Covering。考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公
园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的
形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
57. the。考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本
句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
58. were。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现
有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在 that引导的限制性
定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之
前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
59. to increase。考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做
目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
60. is designed。考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整
性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作
谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现
在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
61. and。考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保
护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用 and。故填
and。
62. populations。考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到
理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和 and 后的复数名词 homes 并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词
population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。
63. eventually。考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理
想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词 achieve，设空处应用副词 eventually 作状语，修饰动词
achieve。故填eventually。
64. as。考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。
固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。
65. that。考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在 Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保
护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空
处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。
8.（2022全国乙卷）
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the
United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at the
Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 (address) the opening ceremony. “As a
main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64 (large) tea-producing
country, China has a 65 (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development
of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66 (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for
people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural
exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the
initiative.
68 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public
promotional activities on social media, 69 (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the
world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 70(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
61. by 62 the 63. addressed 66. largest 65. responsibility 66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting 50. its
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列
活动。
61. by。考查介词。句意：2019年11月47日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可
知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
62. the。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。
特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
65. addressed。考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。
故填addressed。
64. largest。考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中
国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词 the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以
用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
65. responsibility。考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国
有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词 a 后接可数名词的单数形式。故填
responsibility。
66. shared。考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词
future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
67. and。考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促
进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的
宾语。故填and。
68. To strengthen。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公
共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处
表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
69. inviting。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣
传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑
主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
70. its。考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真
——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
9.（2021全国乙卷）
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from
traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in
terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and
benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely
accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awarenessmade it desirable.
Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66
trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique
biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations
aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68. financial 69. activities 70. to have
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相
关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规
定。
61.句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且
经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated
about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
62. 句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并
且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词
development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。
63. 句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代
词来修饰名词origin。故填its。
64.句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪
80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。
故填until。
65.句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结
构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”
可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
66. 句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various
types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。
67. 句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介
词of的宾语。故填visiting。
68. 句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词
aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。
69. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可
知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填activities。
70. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
10.（2022年浙江1月卷）
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing
minority of academics 56 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to
conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane 57 (view) as important for scientists to get
together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 58 (be) now questioning that idea pushing
conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 59 (change) their personal behavior to do
their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 60
(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 61 (promise) to fly as little as possible since the
effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 62 she could do so
remotely; about three-quarters of 63 time, they agreed. When the answer was no, she declined the 64
(invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 65 (continue) the
practice. "It has been fairly rewarding", she says, "a really positive change."
56. who/that 57. is viewed/has been viewed 58. are 59. changing 60. roughly 61. have promised 62. whether/if 63.
the 64. invitation 65. to continue
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候
变化危机。
56. 考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学
者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词 academics后为定语从句且在从句中作
主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。
57. 考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息
这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在
的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。
58. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加
的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处
也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。
59.考查时态。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及
为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知，此处 and连
接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。
60. 考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有 200个
学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。
61. 考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有 200个
学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，
故填have promised。
62. 考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然 ask后
面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。63. 考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指 Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填
the。
64. 考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，
故填invitation。
65. 考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词 plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划
做”，故填to continue。
