第31 讲 主谓一致
目 录
模拟·基础演练.......................................................................................................................................1
重难·创新演练.......................................................................................................................................8
真题·实战演练.....................................................................................................................................18
模拟·基础演练
考查重点：含有提示词给出动词变形、无提示词判断be 动词两类主谓一致考点，覆盖集
合名词、不定代词、主谓分隔、就近/就远原则、非谓语作主语、时间金钱度量作主语
等……
题型一 用所给词的适当形式填空
考向01：单数可数名词/不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数
1. Water ________ (be) very important to all living things.
答案：is
解析：water 是不可数名词，作主语谓语动词用单数；描述客观事实用一般现在时。
2. The book on the desk ________ (belong) to my sister.
答案：belongs
解析：主语the book 为单数，on the desk 是后置定语不影响主语单复数，一般现在时谓语变三单。
考向02：复数可数名词作主语，谓语用复数
1. These flowers ________ (look) beautiful in the sun.
答案：look
解析：主语these flowers 是复数名词，一般现在时谓语动词用原形。
2. My parents ________ (work) in a hospital.
答案：work
解析：parents 表示父母两个人，复数主语，谓语动词用原形。
考向03：不定代词everyone/somebody/everything/no one 等作主语，谓语单数
1. Everyone in our class ________ (like) playing basketball.
答案：likes
解析：everyone 属于复合不定代词，作主语永远视为单数，谓语用三单形式。
2. Something ________ (go) wrong with my bike now.
答案：goes
解析：something 作主语为单数，一般现在时谓语动词变三单goes。
考向04：many a / more than one + 单数名词，谓语单数
1. Many a student ________ (enjoy) watching cartoons.
答案：enjoys
解析：many a + 单数名词，形式上主语为单数，谓语动词用三单。
2. More than one boy ________ (know) the secret.
答案：knows
解析：more than one 后接单数名词，整体作主语仍作单数看待，谓语用三单。
考向05：集合名词family/class/team，表整体用单数；表内部成员用复数
1. My family ________ (be) a small one with three people.
答案：is
解析：此处family 指“家庭”这个整体单位，视为单数，be 动词用is。
2. My family ________ (watch) TV together every evening.
答案：watch
解析：此处family 指全家人、家庭成员，强调多个个体，谓语用复数原形。
考向06：时间、金钱、距离、重量复数名词表整体，谓语单数
1. Ten years ________ (pass) quickly since we met.
答案：passes
解析：ten years 表示一段完整的时间整体，作主语视作单数，一般现在时用三单。
2. Five hundred yuan ________ (be) enough for this coat.
答案：is
解析：five hundred yuan 是一笔钱，整体概念，谓语动词用单数is。
考向07：people/police/cattle 本身表复数含义，谓语只用复数
1. The police ________ (search) for the missing child now.
答案：are searching
解析：police 是集合名词，永远表复数；now 提示现在进行时，用are searching。
2. People ________ (love) peaceful life all over the world.
答案：love
解析：people 表示“人们”，复数含义，谓语动词用原形。
考向08：there be 句型，谓语单复数由靠近be 的名词决定
1. There ________ (be) a pen and two books on the table.
答案：is
解析：there be 遵循就近原则，靠近be 动词的a pen 是单数，故用is。
2. There ________ (be) two apples and a bottle of juice in the fridge.
答案：are
解析：就近的two apples 为复数，be 动词选用are。
考向09：or/either…or/neither…nor/not only…but also 连接主语，就近一致
1. Neither you nor he ________ (have) finished the homework.
答案：has
解析：neither…nor 就近原则，靠近谓语的主语he 是单数，现在完成时助动词用has。
2. Not only Lily but also her friends ________ (come) to the party tomorrow.
答案：are coming
解析：not only…but also 就近her friends 复数，tomorrow 用进行时表将来，故are coming。
考向10：with/together with/as well as/besides 连接附加成分，谓语随前面主语
1. Tom together with his friends ________ (play) football every afternoon.
答案：plays
解析：together with his friends 是插入定语，真正主语为Tom 单数，谓语用三单plays。
2. The teacher as well as students ________ (visit) the museum next week.
答案：is going to visit
解析：真正主语the teacher 单数，as well as students 不影响单复数；next week 表将来用is going to visit。
考向11：动名词、不定式、主语从句作主语，谓语一律单数
1. Reading books ________ (open) our eyes to the world.
答案：opens
解析：动名词短语作主语，整体视为单数，一般现在时谓语三单opens。
2. To learn English well ________ (need) lots of practice.
答案：needs
解析：动词不定式作主语，主语为单数，谓语动词变三单needs。
考向12：the number of（……的数量，单数）；a number of（许多，复数）
1. The number of students in our school ________ (reach) 2000.
答案：reaches
解析：the number of 核心词是number，单数，谓语用三单reaches。
2. A number of birds ________ (fly) south in winter.
答案：fly
解析：a number of = many，后接复数名词，主语为复数，谓语用原形fly。
考向13：one and a half + 复数名词，谓语用单数
1. One and a half hours ________ (be) enough for this task.
答案：is
解析：one and a half 加复数名词表示一个整体时间段，作主语视作单数，用is。
2. One and a half kilos of meat ________ (cost) twenty yuan.
答案：costs
解析：one and a half kilos 为完整重量单位，整体单数，谓语三单costs。
考向14：分数/百分数 + of + 名词，谓语单复数由of 后的名词决定
1. Three fifths of the water ________ (be) gone.
答案：is
解析：of 后water 不可数名词，视为单数，be 动词用is。
2. Sixty percent of the workers ________ (come) from villages.
答案：come
解析：of 后workers 是复数名词，谓语动词用原形come。
题型二 语法填空
Passage 1 （2026·湖南长沙·一模）
Dragon boat racing, a time-honored Dragon Boat Festival custom, ________ 1 ________ (regard) as a
precious intangible cultural heritage in southern China. For hundreds of years, villagers gather along rivers every
May lunar month ________ 2 ________ (hold) exciting boat races. Recently, cultural workers started shooting
documentary videos ________ 3 ________ record the whole process of making dragon boats and race traditions.
Old craftsmen ________ 4 ________ knowledge of wood carving and boat painting is fading with age are invited
to share skills on camera. Many young people used to know little about dragon boat culture, ________ 5 ________
now short documentaries spread on social media help them understand its history. Each boat is decorated with
colorful dragon heads ________ 6 ________ (carve) by hand, symbolizing good luck and unity. Teams from
different villages train together for months before competitions, ________ 7 ________ (strengthen) neighborhood
bonds. Local governments set up digital archives ________ 8 ________ all videos, photos and written records of
dragon boat culture are stored safely. It’s reported that over 500 digital files ________ 9 ________ (collect) so far.
Culture researchers say digital storage stops folk customs from ________ 10 ________ (disappear) as time passes.
【答案与详细解析】
1. is regarded 考查一般现在时被动语态。固定搭配be regarded as，主语为单数，故填is regarded。
2. to hold 考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语，村民聚集河畔是为举办龙舟赛事。
3. that 考查限制性定语从句。先行词videos 指物，从句缺主语，用that。
4. whose 考查限制性定语从句。whose 修饰名词knowledge，表“老工匠的技艺”。
5. but 考查并列连词。前后语义转折，从前不了解，如今通过短视频熟知。
6. carved 考查非谓语动词。龙头与雕刻为被动关系，过去分词作后置定语。
7. strengthening 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作结果状语，长期训练增进邻里情谊。
8. where 考查限制性定语从句。先行词archives 表地点，从句成分完整，用where。
9. have been collected 考查现在完成时被动语态。so far 为标志，数字档案被收集归档。
10. disappearing 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配stop…from doing sth.，意为“阻止……消失”。
题型三 阅读理解
Passage 1（2026·湖南·四模）
Many people believe that morning exercise is the healthiest lifestyle, but recent scientific research has
overturned this traditional cognition. A new study published in a sports medicine journal shows that evening
exercise may bring more significant health benefits, especially for office workers and sub-health groups.
Researchers conducted a one-year tracking experiment on 500 office workers. The participants were divided
into two groups: the morning exercise group (6:00-8:00) and the evening exercise group (18:00-20:00). The results
show that the evening exercise group has better blood sugar regulation ability and higher sleep quality. In addition,
their physical fatigue recovery speed is significantly faster than that of the morning exercise group.
Scientists explain the differences from the perspective of human circadian rhythm. Human body temperature,
muscle strength and hormone levels change regularly within 24 hours. In the evening, human body temperature
reaches the peak of the day, muscles are more flexible, and joint activity is better, which can reduce the risk of
sports injury. Meanwhile, proper exercise in the evening can relieve work pressure and consume excess physical
energy, helping people fall asleep faster.
However, researchers remind that evening exercise is not suitable for everyone. For the elderly and people
with poor cardiovascular health, intense evening exercise may cause physical burden. Besides, exercise should be
avoided within one hour before bedtime, otherwise excessive nerve excitement will lead to insomnia. The best
exercise time varies from person to person, and the most suitable exercise schedule is the one that can be persisted
for a long time.
24. What is the traditional view on exercise time?
A. Evening exercise is more beneficial.
B. Morning exercise is the healthiest.
C. Exercise before bedtime is harmful.
D. Exercise time has no difference.
25. What advantage does evening exercise have?
A. It improves blood sugar control.
B. It cures cardiovascular diseases.
C. It increases body temperature permanently.
D. It reduces daily work pressure fundamentally.
26. Why is evening exercise less likely to cause injuries?
A. People are more energetic in the evening.
B. Body state is optimal in the evening.
C. Evening exercise intensity is lower.
D. People have more exercise experience.
27. What is the author's final opinion?
A. Everyone should stick to evening exercise.
B. Morning exercise is completely useless.
C. Suitable and persistent exercise is the best.
D. Exercise before bedtime should be banned.
【答案】24.B 25.A 26.B 27.C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇科普议论文。文章颠覆晨起运动更健康的传统认知，通过实验与科学原理阐述晚间运
动的优势，同时客观提醒其适用人群与注意事项。
24 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Many people believe that morning exercise is the healthiest lifestyle”可
知，传统观点认为晨起运动是最健康的方式。故选B。
25 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“the evening exercise group has better blood sugar regulation ability”可
知，晚间运动能提升人体血糖调节能力。故选A。
26 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“In the evening, human body temperature reaches the peak... muscles are
more flexible, and joint activity is better”可知，晚间人体状态达到全天最佳，能降低运动损伤风险。故选B。
27 题详解】观点态度题。根据最后一段“The best exercise time varies from person to person, and the most
suitable exercise schedule is the one that can be persisted for a long time”可知，作者认为适合自己、能够长期
坚持的运动方式才是最好的。故选C。
Passage 2 七选五（2026
江苏苏州二模）
・
Low-carbon lifestyle has become a new trend in modern high schools. Small daily green acts from students can
together create huge environmental value. 1
First, choose green ways to go to school. Private cars produce massive carbon waste every day. 2 For short trips
within 2 kilometers, walking or cycling not only cuts emissions but also builds up our bodies.
3 Turn off lights, taps and all electric devices when leaving classrooms. Pick reusable tableware instead of
disposable plastic ones. Sort waste strictly so paper, plastic and glass can be recycled again.
Third, spread green ideas to family and friends. Many parents still have wasteful living habits. 4 Share carbon-
reduction knowledge on short-video platforms to influence more people around you.
In short, low-carbon life is never a difficult task full of limits. 5 Small lasting efforts from every teenager will
help realize the school’s carbon neutrality goal.
A. Second, save resources and reduce waste in daily life.
B. There are plenty of easy ways to live a low-carbon school life.
C. Taking buses or shared bikes is a good low-carbon choice for long distances.
D. You can tell them simple low-carbon skills to change their daily habits.
E. It only requires us to keep small eco-friendly habits every day.
F. Low-carbon activities cost students lots of money and time.
G. Few students care about waste of water and electricity at school.
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.E
【详细解析】
1.B 总起句。前文总说校园低碳趋势，B 引出下文三大简单低碳做法，总领全文分述结构。
2.C 细节匹配句。本段主题绿色出行，前文私家车碳排放高，C 给出远距离公交 / 共享单车方案，后接短
途步行骑车。
3.A 分层标志句。First 讲出行，本段讲节水节电、减少一次性用品，A 用 Second 开启第二大做法。
4.D 承接句。前文父母习惯浪费，D 说明可以向家人科普低碳技巧，呼应本段 “传播低碳理念” 主旨。
5.E 结尾总结句。前文低碳并不难，E 解释只需要坚持日常微小环保习惯，收尾全文
重难·创新演练
设题创新:中医药(T2);AI 与人文底蕴(T3);中国网络文学(T4)；中国文化遗产（广东外销
扇）
学科融合:社会科学(T1)
一 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．【新情境·中医药标准化】（2026·山东潍坊·一模）A complete set of national standards for Chinese herbal
medicines ________ (play) a key role in promoting TCM international trade.
【答案】plays
【解析】句意：一套完整的中药材国家标准，在推动中医药国际贸易中发挥关键作用。主语核心词为a set
（单数），of 短语为后置定语，主谓一致遵循“就前原则”；句子为客观事实，一般现在时，谓语用单数
plays。
2．【新情境·AI 数字文创】（2026·浙江温州·二模）What attracts global youth to Chinese cultural works
________ (be) the perfect mix of tradition and modern technology.
【答案】is
【解析】句意：吸引全球年轻人喜爱中国文创作品的，是传统与现代科技的完美融合。what 引导主语从句
作主语，谓语动词通常用单数；表语mix 为单数，故填is。
3．【新情境·月球科研站建设】（2026·四川绵阳·一模）Three months of lunar exploration tasks ________
(provide) valuable data for space scientists every year.
【答案】provide
【解析】句意：每年为期三个月的月球探测任务，都为航天科学家提供珍贵数据。表示时间、金钱、距离
的复数名词短语作主语，强调整体时长/数量时用单数；强调一项项任务个体时用复数，此处侧重多项探测
工作，一般现在时填provide。
4．【新情境·木构古建非遗】（2026·福建泉州·一模）Neither the old craftsmen nor the young apprentice
________ (know) all the secret wood joint skills of ancient buildings.
【答案】knows
【解析】句意：无论是老匠人还是年轻学徒，都没有掌握古建筑榫卯的全部秘传技艺。neither…nor…遵循
就近原则，靠近谓语的主语the apprentice 为单数，一般现在时谓语用knows。
5．【新情境·湿地生态保护】（2026·江苏无锡·一模）The group of volunteers that ________ (devote)
themselves to wetland protection ________ (make) a big difference to local biodiversity.
【答案】devote; makes
【解析】句意：这群投身湿地保护的志愿者，极大改善了当地生物多样性。第一空：定语从句先行词the
group of volunteers，从句谓语看先行词内复数名词volunteers，填devote；第二空：主句主语核心词the
group（单数），主句谓语用makes。
6．【新情境·古籍数字化】（2026·河南洛阳·三模）Not only the librarian but also every researcher ________
(gain) free access to the digital ancient book database.
【答案】gains
【解析】句意：图书管理员和每一位研究人员都可以免费使用古籍数字数据库。not only…but also…就近
原则，靠近谓语的主语every researcher 为单数，一般现在时填gains。
7．【新情境·双碳低碳产业】（2026·广东佛山·二模）Fifty billion yuan invested in new energy projects
________ (show) China’s determination to reach carbon peaking.
【答案】shows
【解析】句意：投入新能源项目的500 亿元资金，彰显中国实现碳达峰的决心。金钱数额复数名词作主语，
视作一个整体，谓语动词用单数shows。
8．【新情境·国风短视频出海】（2026·湖南湘潭·一模）Watching short videos featuring paper-cutting and
embroidery ________ (help) foreigners learn about Chinese folk culture.
【答案】helps
【解析】句意：观看剪纸、刺绣主题短视频，有助于外国人了解中国民间文化。动名词短语作主语，谓语
动词统一使用单数，一般现在时填helps。
9．【新情境·乡村支教振兴】（2026·河北保定·二模）All of the knowledge these teachers pass on ________
(root) in real rural life experience.
【答案】is rooted
【解析】句意：这些支教老师传授的所有知识，都植根于真实乡村生活经历。all 作主语，指代不可数名词
knowledge 时，谓语用单数；be rooted in 为固定搭配，故填is rooted。
10．【新情境·智慧农业大棚】（2026·安徽芜湖·一模）There ________ (be) a smart sensor and dozens of
watering machines in each modern farm greenhouse.
【答案】is
【解析】句意：每一座现代化农业大棚里都配有一台智能传感器和数十台灌溉设备。there be 句型严格遵循
就近原则，紧挨be 动词的a smart sensor 为单数，填is。
11．【新情境·太极拳海外课堂】（2026·陕西宝鸡·三模）Each of the overseas students ________ (receive) a
hand-made Tai Chi silk uniform as a gift.
【答案】receives
【解析】句意：每位海外学员都会收到一套手工太极丝绸服饰作为礼物。“each of + 复数名词”作主语，
谓语动词用单数，一般现在时填receives。
12．【新情境·海洋禁渔治理】（2026·山东烟台·二模）The police, together with environmental workers,
________ (check) fishing boats along the coastline every summer.
【答案】check
【解析】句意：每年夏季，警方联合环保工作人员沿海岸线巡查渔船。主语后带有together with/as well as
短语时遵循就远原则，真正主语the police 表复数人群，谓语用check。
13．【新情境·红色研学基地】（2026·江西吉安·一模）Few of the young visitors ________ (realize) how
hard the revolutionary ancestors fought for a better life.
【答案】realize
【解析】句意：很少有年轻游客能体会革命先辈为美好生活付出的艰辛。few of + 复数名词作主语，表复
数概念，谓语动词用原形realize。
14．【新情境·VR 数字博物馆】（2026·湖北宜昌·二模）To fully appreciate ancient relics through VR
technology ________ (require) patience and cultural knowledge.
【答案】requires
【解析】句意：借助VR 技术完整欣赏文物，需要耐心与文化底蕴。不定式短语作句子主语，谓语动词使
用单数，填requires。
15．【新情境·沙漠光伏治沙】（2026·宁夏银川·一模）A large amount of solar energy ________ (turn) into
electricity to water desert plants every day.
【答案】is turned
【解析】句意：每天大量太阳能转化为电能，用于浇灌沙漠植被。a large amount of + 不可数名词作主语，
谓语用单数；energy 和turn 是被动关系，填is turned。
16．【新情境·潮汕英歌舞非遗】（2026·广东潮州·三模）The team performing Yingge Dance ________
(attract) hundreds of tourists every holiday.
【答案】attracts
【解析】句意：表演英歌舞的队伍每逢假期都会吸引数百名游客。集合名词team 此处强调整体演出队伍，
视作单数，一般现在时谓语用attracts。
17．【新情境·深空天文观测】（2026·云南曲靖·二模）Many a young astronomer ________ (devote) spare
time to observing distant stars.
【答案】devotes
【解析】句意：许多年轻天文学家利用业余时间观测遥远星体。many a + 单数名词作主语，表达复数含义
但谓语必须用单数，填devotes。
18．【新情境·乡村全民阅读】（2026·山西大同·一模）Neither cash nor books ________ (be) enough to
satisfy villagers’ growing demand for cultural resources.
【答案】are
【解析】句意：现金和书籍都不足以满足村民日益增长的文化需求。neither…nor…就近原则，靠近谓语的
books 为复数，一般现在时be 动词用are。
19．【新情境·国货跨境电商】（2026·浙江金华·一模）One third of the handmade Chinese goods online
________ (sell) to Southeast Asian buyers.
【答案】are sold
【解析】句意：线上三分之一的手工国货销往东南亚买家。分数作主语，谓语单复数由of 后的名词goods
（复数）决定；商品是被售卖，被动语态填are sold。
20．【新情境·智慧校园心理监测】（2026·北京通州·一模）Everybody in the student service center
________ (pay) close attention to teenagers’ mental health conditions.
【答案】pays
【解析】句意：学生服务中心的每位工作人员都密切关注青少年心理健康状况。不定代词everybody/
everyone 作主语，谓语动词固定用单数，填pays。
二、语法填空
Passage 1 【新情境·大国基建】（2026·浙江杭州·二模）
The cross-sea bridge connecting two coastal cities ________ 1 ________ (put) into service three years ago,
greatly shortening travel time between the two regions. What makes it stand out is its intelligent maintenance
system ________ 2 ________ (control) by AI. Sensors fixed on bridge pillars collect real-time data about wind
speed, water pressure and structural cracks, ________ 3 ________ (send) signals to a central control room 24 hours
a day. Once abnormal data appears, alarms will ring immediately ________ 4 ________ engineers can rush to
check hidden dangers. In the past, workers needed to climb high supports ________ 5 ________ (inspect) bridge
conditions once a week, ________ 6 ________ was both dangerous and time-consuming. Now AI sensors finish
most routine inspections automatically, ________ 7 ________ (reduce) human work by 80%. Besides safety
monitoring, the system also predicts weather risks such as typhoons, ________ 8 ________ allows traffic
departments to take early control measures. Local transport officials point out that smart technology guarantees
________ 9 ________ safe and smooth operation of this huge cross-sea project. Without intelligent equipment,
________ 10 ________ (manage) such a large bridge would cost far more money and manpower.
【答案与详细解析】
1. was put 考查一般过去时被动语态。three years ago 为过去时标志，大桥与投入使用为被动关系，主语单
数。
2. controlled 考查非谓语动词。系统与AI 控制为被动关系，过去分词作后置定语。
3. sending 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语，传感器同步传输数据信号。
4. so 考查并列连词。表因果，警报响起，因此工程师可及时排查隐患。
5. to inspect 考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语，攀爬钢架目的是检测桥梁状况。
6. which 考查非限制性定语从句，指代人工巡检这件事。
7. reducing 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作结果状语，智能检测大幅减少人工工作量。
8. which 考查非限制性定语从句，指代系统预警台风风险这件事。
9. the 考查定冠词。特指这座跨海大桥的安全平稳运行。
10. managing 考查非谓语动词。动名词作句子主语，指代桥梁管理这项工作。
Passage2 【新情境·文化互通】（2026·福建厦门·一模）
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has gained growing popularity overseas, ________ 1 ________ (large) thanks
to standardized online courses and cross-border exchange programs. Many foreign medical colleges open TCM
courses, ________ 2 ________ students learn basic acupuncture and herbal therapy from Chinese experts online.
Unlike early simple lectures, modern courses combine theory ________ 3 ________ real-time live operation
demonstrations. Before digital teaching became popular, overseas learners could only study TCM ________ 4
________ visiting China in person, which cost plenty of time and money. Now live streaming technology makes
professional training ________ 5 ________ (access) to people living thousands of miles away. TCM practitioners
abroad often organize free experience activities in local communities, ________ 6 ________ (show) locals simple
massage and health-preserving methods. Some overseas clinics ________ 7 ________ (set) up in European and
Southeast Asian cities in the past five years. Experts say TCM is not only a medical method but also a carrier
________ 8 ________ Chinese traditional philosophy. When foreigners feel the practical effects of TCM
treatments, they become more willing ________ 9 ________ (explore) Chinese culture deeply. It is expected
________ 10 ________ more international TCM cooperation centers will be built in the near future.
【答案与详细解析】
1. largely 考查副词。固定搭配largely thanks to，意为“主要得益于”。
2. where 考查限制性定语从句。courses 为抽象地点，从句成分完整，用关系副词where。
3. with 考查介词。固定搭配combine…with…，意为“将理论与实操结合”。
4. by 考查介词。by doing 表方式，指“通过亲自到访中国”的方式学习。
5. accessible 考查形容词。固定结构make sth. accessible to sb.，意为“使某人可接触某物”。
6. showing 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语，开展活动同时展示养生手法。
7. have been set 考查现在完成时被动语态。in the past five years 为标志，诊所被建立。
8. of 考查介词。表所属关系，承载中国传统哲学的载体。
9. to explore 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be willing to do sth.，意为“愿意做某事”。
10. that 考查主语从句。固定句型It is expected that…，意为“据预计……”。
题型三 阅读理解
Passage 10【新考法·生活思辨·习惯认知重构】（2026·安徽·二模）
Many people insist that multitasking can improve work efficiency. They are used to replying to messages
while working, listening to podcasts while studying, and handling multiple things at the same time. This behavior is
regarded as a sign of efficient time management. However, brain science research shows that human brains cannot
truly multitask. What we call multitasking is actually rapid task switching.
Every time the brain switches between different tasks, it needs to consume extra mental energy and time to
refocus attention. Frequent task switching will disperse attention, reduce work accuracy and slow down work
speed. Experiments show that people who often multitask have 30% lower work efficiency than those who focus on
single tasks. Moreover, long-term multitasking will weaken people's sustained attention ability, making it difficult
to concentrate on complex work for a long time.
Single-task focusing is the core of efficient work. Focusing on one thing at a time allows the brain to enter a
concentrated working state, which can greatly improve work quality and efficiency. Psychologists put forward the
"single-task principle": in daily study and work, divide tasks reasonably and complete them one by one, avoid
unnecessary task switching and information interference.
In the era of fragmented information, maintaining single-task focus has become a rare ability. It is not a waste
of time to focus on one thing, but the most efficient way to use time. Abandoning blind multitasking and cultivating
focused thinking can help people get rid of inefficient busyness and achieve real self-improvement.
28. What do people usually think of multitasking?
A. It consumes too much mental energy.
B. It is an efficient working method.
C. It reduces work accuracy greatly.
D. It harms people's attention.
29. What is real multitasking according to brain science?
A. Handling several tasks truly at the same time.
B. Rapid switching between different tasks.
C. Finishing tasks one by one steadily.
D. Focusing on a single task for a long time.
30. What is the disadvantage of frequent task switching?
A. It leads to lower work efficiency.
B. It makes tasks more difficult.
C. It increases people's spare time.
D. It improves brain reaction speed.
31. What does the text advise people to do?
A. Learn to do multitasking skillfully.
B. Make full use of fragmented time.
C. Stick to single-task focusing.
D. Finish all tasks as quickly as possible.
【答案】28.B 29.B 30.A 31.C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇生活思辨类议论文。文章颠覆多任务处理提升效率的大众认知，结合脑科学研究，论
证了多任务切换的弊端，倡导人们坚持单任务专注的高效工作模式。
28 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“This behavior is regarded as a sign of efficient time management”可知，
大众普遍认为多任务处理是高效的工作方式。故选B。
29 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“What we call multitasking is actually rapid task switching”可知，人脑
所谓的多任务处理本质是快速任务切换，并非真正同时处理多项任务。故选B。
30 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“people who often multitask have 30% lower work efficiency”可知，频
繁切换任务会降低工作效率。
题型四 完形填空【新情境·科技科普·绿色低碳生活】（2026·浙江·四模）
Low-carbon life is no longer a slogan, but a mainstream lifestyle deeply rooted in people’s daily life. With the
worsening of global warming, 36 environmental protection has become the common 37 of all mankind. Ordinary
individuals can also make great contributions to carbon 38 through small daily changes.
Many people think only industrial reforms can 39 carbon emissions. In fact, personal behaviors play a(n) 40 role in
environmental protection. Choosing public transport instead of private cars, 41 disposable products, saving water
and electricity, and recycling waste can all 42 daily carbon output.
Nowadays, more young people are 43 low-carbon lifestyles. They prefer second-hand goods rental, shared
consumption and green travel. These trendy lifestyles are not only 44 but also fashionable, breaking the
misunderstanding that low-carbon life is 45 and restrictive.
Small changes can 46 huge results. Individual low-carbon behaviors will gradually form a joint 47 , promoting
social green transformation. Low-carbon life does not 48 sacrifice life quality. On the contrary, it helps people form
healthy living 49 and create a more sustainable and beautiful living 50 .
36. A. artificial B. green C. ancient D. private
37. A. responsibility B. tradition C. hobby D. dream
38. A. increase B. emission C. neutrality D. supply
39. A. cut B. add C. keep D. monitor
40. A. minor B. useless C. key D. simple
41. A. using B. avoiding C. producing D. purchasing
42. A. calculate B. raise C. reduce D. ignore
43. A. adopting B. refusing C. fearing D. doubting
44. A. costly B. eco-friendly C. time-wasting D. troublesome
45. A. comfortable B. flexible C. boring D. convenient
46. A. lead to B. result from C. suffer from D. recover from
47. A. adventure B. force C. complaint D. competition
48. A. require B. forbid C. allow D. cancel
49. A. habits B. schedules C. systems D. rules
50. A. memory B. atmosphere C. income D. accident
【答案】36.B 37.A 38.C 39.A 40.C 41.B 42.C 43.A 44.B 45.C 46.A 47.B 48.A 49.A 50.B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇环保科普文。文章普及低碳生活理念，纠正大众认知误区，阐述个人低碳行为对碳中
和、社会绿色转型的重要意义。
36 题详解】形容词辨析。全球变暖背景下，绿色环保成为人类共识。green 绿色的；artificial 人工的；
ancient 古老的；private 私人的。故选B。
37 题详解】名词辨析。保护环境是全人类的共同责任。responsibility 责任；tradition 传统；hobby 爱好；
dream 梦想。故选A。
38 题详解】名词辨析。个人微小改变助力碳中和。carbon neutrality 碳中和；increase 增长；emission 排放；
supply 供应。故选C。
39 题详解】动词辨析。很多人认为只有工业改革才能减少碳排放。cut 削减；add 增加；keep 保持；
monitor 监控。故选A。
40 题详解】形容词辨析。个人行为在环保中起到关键作用。key 关键的；minor 微小的；useless 无用的；
simple 简单的。故选C。
41 题详解】动词辨析。避免使用一次性用品是低碳行为。avoid 避免；use 使用；produce 生产；purchase 购
买。故选B。
42 题详解动词辨析。以上行为均可减少日常碳排放。reduce 减少；calculate 计算；raise 提升；ignore 忽视。
故选C。
43 题详解动词辨析。越来越多年轻人践行低碳生活。adopt 采用、践行；refuse 拒绝；fear 畏惧；doubt 怀
疑。故选A。
44 题详解形容词辨析。共享、二手消费既环保又潮流。eco-friendly 环保的；costly 昂贵的；time-wasting 耗
时的；troublesome 麻烦的。故选B。
45 题详解形容词辨析。打破低碳生活枯燥、受限的刻板印象。boring 枯燥的；comfortable 舒适的；flexible
灵活的；convenient 便利的。故选C。
46 题详解短语辨析。微小改变终将带来巨大成效。lead to 导致、带来；result from 源于；suffer from 遭受；
recover from 恢复。故选A。
47 题详解名词辨析。个体力量汇聚成推动变革的合力。force 力量；adventure 冒险；complaint 抱怨；
competition 竞争。故选B。
48 题详解动词辨析。低碳生活并不需要牺牲生活质量。require 需要、要求；forbid 禁止；allow 允许；
cancel 取消。故选A。
49 题详解名词辨析。助力人们养成健康的生活习惯。habits 习惯；schedules 日程；systems 体系；rules 规则。
故选A。
50 题详解名词辨析。营造可持续、美好的生活氛围。atmosphere 氛围；memory 记忆；income 收入；
accident 事故。故选B。
题型五 七选五【新情境
中医海外传播】
・
（2026
山东济宁一模）
・
Online TCM courses have greatly helped traditional Chinese Medicine spread around the world. 1
First, digital live streaming breaks geographic barriers. Years ago, overseas learners had to travel to China to learn
acupuncture and herbal therapy. 2 They can watch real-time operation demonstrations given by Chinese
professional doctors at home.
3 Teachers design bilingual course materials with simple pictures to simplify complex TCM theories. In the
past, professional TCM knowledge was too abstract for foreign beginners to understand. Now visualized teaching
makes cross-cultural learning much easier.
Another major advantage is low learning cost. Offline overseas TCM training charges high fees, while online
open courses are mostly free or low-cost. 4
In addition, online interactive platforms allow global TCM lovers to communicate with each other. They share
learning experiences and discuss practical treatment cases. 5 With continuous online communication and
learning, TCM is gaining wider recognition globally.
A. Second, visualized teaching lowers learning difficulty.
B. This makes professional TCM education accessible to more foreign learners.
C. It has many irreplaceable advantages over traditional offline teaching.
D. They can also ask professional teachers questions through live chat.
E. But now learners no longer need to take long-distance trips.
F. TCM has a history of thousands of years in China.
G. Foreign students show little interest in traditional medicine.
【答案】1.C 2.E 3.A 4.B 5.D
【详细解析】
1.C 过渡总起句。前文总述线上中医推动海外传播，C 引出线上课程对比线下的多重优势，总领下文
First/Second 分点。
2.E 逻辑转折句。前文讲过去外国人必须来华学医，E 转折说明如今不用长途出行，衔接居家线上听课。
3.A 分层主旨句。前文用 First 讲第一个优势，本段讲图文可视化教学，A 以 Second 开启第二条优势，
结构统一。
4.B 总结句。前文对比线下高价、线上低成本，B 总结该优势，让更多外国人有机会学习专业中医。
5.D 并列补充句。前文说爱好者线上交流经验、探讨病案，D 补充可直播向医师提问，延续线上互动话题。
真题·实战演练
高频考点：三大核心原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近 / 就远一致。
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.（2026
浙江
・
1 月首考
语法填空）
・
The number of young people who love traditional paper-cutting ______
(grow) rapidly in recent years.
【答案】has grown
【解析】考查主谓一致（the number of 结构）。the number of 表示 “…… 的数量”，作主语谓语用单数；
in recent years 搭配现在完成时，故填 has grown。句意：喜爱传统剪纸的年轻人数量近年来快速增长。
2.（2026
北京卷
语法填空）
・
・
Reading classic literary works together with sharing feelings ______ (offer) us a
chance to understand different cultures.
【答案】offers
【解析】考查就远原则。together with 后内容为附加成分，真正主语是动名词短语 Reading…，动名词作
主语谓语用一般现在时三单 offers。句意：阅读经典文学作品并分享感悟，为我们提供理解多元文化的机
会。
3.（2025
新课标 Ⅰ 卷
语法填空）
・
・
Neither the guide nor the local villagers ______ (know) where the ancient
hidden path lies.
【答案】know
【解析】考查就近原则。neither…nor 连接主语，谓语和靠近的 villagers 保持一致，主语复数，时态一般
现在时填 know。句意：导游和当地村民都不知道这条隐秘古道的位置。
4.（2025
全国乙卷
语法填空）
・
・
My family ______ (be) all fond of outdoor camping when the weather is
warm.
【答案】are
【解析】考查意义一致（集合名词）。family 此处指 “全家人、家庭成员”，强调个体，谓语用复数
are。句意：天气暖和时，我们一家人都喜欢户外露营。
5.（2025
新课标 Ⅱ 卷
语法填空）
・
・
There ______ (be) a handwritten letter and three old photos on the
wooden desk.
【答案】is
【解析】考查 there be 就近原则。be 动词由靠近的单数名词 a handwritten letter 决定，一般现在时填
is。句意：木桌上放着一封手写信和三张旧照片。
6.（2024
全国甲卷
语法填空）
・
・
Fifty kilometers ______ (seem) a long walk for the elderly hikers.
【答案】seems
【解析】考查意义一致。距离类复数名词作主语表整体概念，谓语用单数，一般现在时填 seems。句意：
五十公里对老年徒步者来说算是一段漫长路程。
7.（2024
浙江
・
1 月首考
语法填空）
・
A great number of volunteers ______ (take) part in the river-cleaning
activity every weekend.
【答案】take
【解析】考查主谓一致（a number of 结构）。a number of 意为 “许多”，后接复数名词作主语，谓语用
复数 take。句意：每周末都有大量志愿者参与河道清理活动。
8.（2024
新课标 Ⅰ 卷
语法填空）
・
・
What we learn from daily life ______ (shape) our values and world views
little by little.
【答案】shapes
【解析】考查主语从句作主语。主语从句作整个句子主语，谓语动词用单数，一般现在时填 shapes。句意：
我们从日常生活中学到的东西，一点点塑造我们的价值观与世界观。
9.（2024
全国乙卷
语法填空）
・
・
Every student except Tom and Jack ______ (receive) a handmade bookmark
from the teacher yesterday.
【答案】received
【解析】考查就远原则。except 后为附加修饰，核心主语 Every student 为单数；yesterday 为过去时，填
received。句意：昨天除汤姆和杰克外，每位学生都收到了老师手工制作的书签。
10.（2024
北京卷
语法填空）
・
・
The team ______ (win) the national competition last month, and its members
are celebrating now.
【答案】won
【解析】考查意义一致（集合名词表整体）。team 此处指 “整支队伍”，强调整体，谓语用单数；last
month 过去时填 won。句意：这支队伍上月拿下全国大赛冠军，队员们此刻正在庆祝。
