第14 讲 动词时态完成时
目录
01 课标达标练
考向01 考查现在完成时
考向02 考查过去完成时
考向03 考查将来完成时
02 核心突破练
03 真题溯源练
考向01 考查现在完成时
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.(2025 年广东深圳高三模拟)Ne Zha 2, the animated feature that (take) China’s box office by
storm, has officially surpassed the 2021 war epic The Battle at Lake Changjin to become the highest grossing film
of all time in China.
【答案】has taken
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:《哪吒2》这部席卷中国票房的动画电影,已正式超越2021 年战争史诗片
《长津湖》,成为中国有史以来票房最高的电影。空处为定语从句的谓语动词,根据语境可知,此处表示
过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,应用现在完成时,that 指代先行词the animated feature 在从句中作主
语,为单数,助动词用has。故填has taken。
2. (2025 年广西模拟试题)Over the past two years digital exhibitions of murals in Yongle Palace
(hold) around China to great acclaim (赞扬,称赞).
【答案】have been held
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的两年里,永乐宫壁画的数字展览在中国各地受到热
烈欢迎。根据时间状语Over the past two years 可知,此处应用现在完成时,hold 和exhibitions 之间是被动
关系,应用被动语态,因此应用现在完成时的被动语态。主语是复数,助动词使用have。故填have been
held。
3.(2025 上海高三名校模拟)Deservedly, Black Myth: Wukong has been enormously successful. Journey to the
West is a tale with a proven track record, but in the late decades no other adaptations of the novel________
(sell) 10 million copies in the span of just a few days.
【答案】have sold
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:《西游记》是一个有良好记录的故事,但在最近几十年里,没有其他改
编版本的小说能在短短几天内卖出1000 万册。in the late decades 是现在完成时的标志,no other adaptations
作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。故填have sold。
4.(2025 年江苏南通模拟)So far this concept (attract) the attention of many curious young
individuals.
【答案】has attracted
【解析】考查时态。句意:到目前为止,这个概念已经吸引了许多好奇的年轻人的注意。根据时间状语so
far 可知本句表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响,谓语动词使用现在完成时,主语 this concept 是单
数,谓语动词用has attracted,故填has attracted。
5.(2025 湖北武汉阶段练习)“Wildeat” has recently become a popular lifestyle trend among young people in
China. This term (gain) over 9,000 posts on the Chinese lifestyle-sharing platform Xiaohongshu since it
came into view, and videos with the tag have piled up 1.65 million views on Douyin, China’s version of TikTok.
【答案】has gained
【解析】考查时态。句意:自从这个词出现在中国生活方式分享平台小红书上以来,它已经获得了9000
多个帖子,带有这个标签的视频在抖音(中国版的TikTok)上的播放量已经达到165 万次。根据since it
came into view 可知,gain“获得”这一动作开始于过去,持续到现在,句子时态应用现在完成时,又因主
语This term 是第三人称单数,所以助动词用has。故填has gained。
6.(2025 河南漯河期末)Many people (friend) Lingyun for her martial arts ability since her Tik Tok
began, which has made her become a media influencer with 13.4 million followers.
【答案】have befriended
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意:自从她在抖音上分享武术相关内容以来,很多人因为她的武术造诣而与她
结交,这也使她成为了一名拥有1340 万粉丝的网络红人。空处为本句谓语动词;根据“since her Tik Tok
began”可知,本句时态为现在完成时;主语为“Many people”,复数,和所给单词“friend”的动词形式
“befriend”之间为主动关系。故填have befriended。
7.(2025 年浙江高三模拟)“What impressed me most is the medal ceremony uniform, as the Chinese dragon
element (use) for years in its design.”
【答案】has been used
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:“给我印象最深的是颁奖礼制服,因为中国龙的元素已经在它的设计中使
用了很多年。”主语the Chinese dragon element 与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文for years 可知为现在完成
时的被动语态,主谓一致,助动词用has。故填has been used。
8.(2025 年山东高三模拟)It is closely related to local customs and widely used in festivals, weddings, birthdays
and many other occasions. In addition, huamo (make) its way to the high-end market 885 a
business gift in the past decade, since it can be made into artwork that can last for seven or eight years.
【答案】has made
【解析】考查时态。句意:此外,在过去的十年里,花馍已经作为商务礼物进入了高端市场,因为它可以
被制作成艺术品,可以保存七八年。空处为主句谓语动词,根据后文in the past decade 可知应用现在完成
时,主语huamo 是第三人称单数,助动词用has,故填has made。
9.(2025 黑龙江哈尔滨模拟试题)The film (receive) high praise from critics and viewers for its
creative integration of cultural heritage and modern storytelling since its release. In many ways, NeZha 2 is more
than just a film; it’s a cultural milestone.
【答案】 has received
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自上映以来,这部电影因其将文化遗产与现代叙事的创造性结合而
受到评论家和观众的高度赞扬。由since 可知,句子时态是现在完成时,主语The film 是单数,因此空格处
是has received。故填has received。
10.(2025 年江西南昌模拟预测)Ramen noodles, based on southern Chinese noodle dishes from Guangzhou
but named after the northern Chinese lamian, (become) common in Japan in the 1900s.
【答案】became
【解析】考查时态。句意:同上。事情发生在过去,时态用一般过去时。故填became。本题易错用成完成
时。
考向02 考查过去完成时
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.To address this problem, experts (increase) the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters
by the end of 2023, according to the government.
【答案】had increased
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:据政府称,为了解决这一问题,专家们在2023 年底之前将数据库从3.2 万
个字符增加到7 万个字符。此处为谓语动词的填入,根据该句时间状语by the end of 2023 可知,此处为过
去完成时,表示“过去的过去”已经完成的动作。故填had increased。
2.(2025 高三·全国·专题练习)The population of Chinese people on the mainland aged 60 or above
(reach) 264.02 million, including 190.64 million people aged 65 or above, or 13.5 percent of the total population,
according to data from the seventh national census released in 2021.
【答案】had reached
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:根据2021 年发布的第七次全国人口普查数据,中国大陆60 岁及以上人口
已达2.6402 亿,其中65 岁及以上人口1.9064 亿,占总人口的13.5%。空处为句子的谓语动词,根据时间
状语“according to data from the seventh national census released in 2021”可知,此处描述的是在过去某个时
间(2021 年发布数据时)之前已经完成的动作,即60 岁及以上人口数量已经达到2.6402 亿,所以应该使用
过去完成时,其结构为had+动词的过去分词。故填had reached。
3.They (be) in love with each other for about two years before they got married.
【答案】had been
【解析】考查时态。句意:他们结婚前已经相爱大约两年了。根据“for about two years before they got
married”可知,此处表示“过去的过去”一直持续的动作,应用过去完成时,其结构为“had + 过去分
词”。故填had been。
3.(2025 高三·全国·专题练习)His wife and 18-year-old son Mehran, a violinist, (go) to India.
Another son, 25-year-old pianist Elham Fanoos, was in New York.
【答案】had gone
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他的妻子和18 岁的儿子Mehran,一位小提琴手,已经去了印度。另一个
儿子,25 岁的钢琴家Elham Fanoos 在纽约。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语动词,结合语境和后文的was 可
知,“去印度”这一动作发生在过去的过去,即另一个儿子在纽约之前,应用过去完成时。故填had
gone。
看过母亲在厨房做过,结合knew 可知,空处表示过去的过去,故应用过去完成时。故填had watched。
4.But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-
body monkey suit, (arrive) with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
【答案】had arrived
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:但他们不是来向穿皮草的电影明星泼红漆的。相反,一名身穿全套猴子服
装的活动人士带着一块牌子来了,牌子上赞扬电影制作人:“感谢不用真正的猿!”。分析句子可知,设
空处为谓语动词,结合语境和前文的weren’t 可知,“到达”这一动作发生在过去的过去,即“他们不是
来泼红漆”之前,应用过去完成时,主语one activist 为单数,助动词用had。故填had arrived。
5.Hardly I (enter) the dark room when I saw a man standing in front of me.
【答案】 had entered
【解析】考查倒装句和动词时态。句意:我一进入那个黑暗的房间,就看到一个男人站在我面前。第一空
和第二空构成固定句型“Hardly had sb. done...when...”,意为“一……就……”,主句用过去完成时且要部
分倒装,所以第一空填had,第二空填过去分词entered。故填①had
entered
②
。
6.(2026 高三·全国·专题练习)I (finish) reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was
heartbroken with the ending.
【答案】had finished
【解析】考查时态。句意:我读完了乔治·艾略特所著的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》一书,但书中的结局让我感
到无比悲痛。根据后文 I was heartbroken 可知表示过去的过去,用过去完成时。故填had finished。
7.By the end of June 2023, Stephen Curry
__
(win) the NBA Championship four times.
【答案】had won
【解析】考查时态。句意:截至2023 年6 月底,斯蒂芬·库里的NBA 总冠军头衔已累计获得四次。设空处
作谓语,Stephen Curry 作主语;由时间状语By the end of June 2023 可知,本句表示动作发生在过去的过
去,用过去完成时,故填had won。
8.(2025 高三上·全国·专题练习)It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping (realise) his dream
of developing seawater rice.
【答案】had realised
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:袁隆平实现了开发海水稻的梦想,这让全世界都感到惊讶。that 引导主
语从句,设空处在从句中作谓语,且与其主语Yuan Longping 之间为主动关系;根据语境并结合surprised
可知,设空处动作发生在surprised 之前,故此处应用过去完成时。故填had realised。
9.Burin told me that Mongolians travel every year from near and far to attend the Naadam Festival, just as their
ancestors (do) for centuries.
【答案】had done
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:Burin 告诉我,蒙古人每年都从远近赶来参加那达慕节,就像他们的祖
先几个世纪以来所做的那样。主句中told 使用的是一般过去时,do 表示的动作发生在told 之前,表示过去
的过去,使用过去完成时,故填had done。
10.After listening to the scientists who (study) the problem for a year, the government turned to the
United Nations for help.
【答案】had studied
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:在听取了研究这个问题一年的科学家的意见后,政府转向联合国寻求帮
助。study 表示的动作发生在turned 之前,使用过去完成时,故填had studied。
考向03 考查将来完成时
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.By this time of next year, all of you (begin) your own life.
【答案】will have begun
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:到明年这个时候,你们所有人都将开始自己的生活。分析句子结构可知,
动词begin“开始”为谓语动词,应该使用将来完成时will have done,因为语法规则规定by+时间作时间状
语时,谓语动词使用完成时,本句时间状语为By this time of next year,即by+将来时间。故填will have
begun。
2.By next Thursday, they (complete) the construction of the new school.
【答案】will have completed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:到下星期四,他们将完成新学校的建设。根据by next Thursday 可知,句子
用将来完成时,构成will have done 结构。故填will have completed。
3.At our next wedding anniversary, we (marry) for twenty-five years.
【答案】will have been married
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:在我们下一个结婚纪念日,我们将结婚25 年。根据时间状语At our next
wedding anniversary 可知,本句强调到将来某个时间为止已经完成的动作,所以时态要用将来完成时,其
结构为“will have+过去分词”,marry 为非延续性动词,在表示“结婚多长时间”时,要用be married 的
形式,be 的过去分词是been。故填will have been married。
4.I (visit) all 50 U.S. states by my 13th birthday next month, becoming the youngest person ever to do so.
【答案】will have visited
【解析】考查时态。句意:到下个月我13 岁生日时,我将访问美国所有50 个州,成为有史以来访问过美
国50 个州的最年轻的人。分析句子结构可知,空处填谓语动词,又根据by my 13th birthday next month 可
知,by+将来的时间,时态用将来完成时,故填will have visited。
5.By the time you come here, you (experience) our traditional Chinese culture.
【答案】will have experienced
【解析】考查将来完成时。句意:当你来到这里时,你将体验到我们的中国传统文化。根据“By the time
you come here”可知,此处应用将来完成时。动词experience 意为“体验”。故填will have experienced。
6.Martin has been working really hard on the presentation since Monday and he believes that he__________
(finish) it by Friday.
【答案】will have finished
【解析】考查时态。句意:马丁从星期一开始就非常努力地做报告,他相信他能在星期五之前完成。由句
意可知,“by Friday”是将来的时间词,完成报告会在将来的周五前完成,所以用将来完成时,即will have
finished。故填will have finished。
7.Don’t you think it is likely that the scientists (discover)a cure for cancer by the year 2040?
【答案】will have discovered
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:你不认为到2040 年科学家们可能已经发现了治疗癌症的方法吗?空处应
填谓语动词,介词by 与将来的时间点连用时谓语动词应用将来完成时,由句意及时间状语 by the year
2040 可知应用will have discovered。故填will have discovered。
8.Is it likely that the scientists (discover) a cure for cancer by the year 2040?
【答案】will have discovered
【解析】考查动词。句意:科学家们有可能在2040 年之前找到治疗癌症的方法吗?分析句子,设空处使
用动词作谓语。句中的by the year 2040 意为“截止到2040 年”,为将来完成时的时间标志即表示科学家
们在将来某一时间以前已经发现。故填will have discovered。
9.I hope Jack’s health (improve) greatly by the time we go back to school this September.
【答案】will have improved
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:当我们今年9 月回到学校时,我希望杰克的健康会有很大的改善。根据句
意和时间状语by the time we go back to school this September,此处应用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时间
以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。故填will have improved。
10.My train arrives in Shanghai at 10 this morning. The plane I would like to take from there _________ (leave)
by then.
【答案】will have left
【解析】考查时态。句意:我的火车今天上午10 点到达上海。到那时,我想从那里乘的飞机已经离开
了。根据句意和句中“by then”可知,句中表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作,即上午10 点前飞机
已经离开了,应用将来完成式,谓语动词为“will have done”,“leave”意为“离开”,动词词性,过去分
词为“left”,故空格处应填“will have left”。故填will have left。
题型 语篇填空
Passage 1 (2025 年湖南省雅礼中学高三冲刺训练)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute in Washington, D .C., announced
Monday that zookeepers are expecting the 1 (arrive) of two giant pandas from China this week.
The pandas, one male and one female, who are 2 (respective) named Bao Li and Qing Boa, 3
(expect) to arrive on Tuesday. Born one month apart in 2021, they’ve been described by prior caregivers as lively
3-year-olds who enjoy climbing.
Bao Li is a descendant of Bao Bao, born in D.C. in 2013 and 4 (live) there through 2017. All
giant pandas born at the National Zoo return to China at 4 years old as part of a breeding program that helps protect
the longevity of the species, 5 is currently thought of as “vulnerable” by the International Union for
Conservation of Nature.
6 (prepare) for the official transfer of the two giant pandas, Chinese experts made several trips to
D.C. to ensure that their safety and well-being would be provided for, according to the Xinhua News Agency.
Experts determined that the National Zoo’s living spaces, food sources, breeding program and health monitoring
were sufficient, 7 statement said.
On Monday evening, their journey began 8 private transport from the China Giant Panda
Conservation Research Center to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport, where they started preparing for their
“special flight” to their new home, according to Xinhua.
The highly anticipated addition of Bao Li and Qing Boa follows the 9 (moment) coming of Yun
Chaun and Xin Bao to the San Diego Zoo in June, which was the first time pandas 10 (enter) the U.S.
in 21 years, after a period of diplomatic strain with China.
【答案】
1.arrival 2.respectively 3.are expected 4.living 5.which 6.To prepare 7.the
8.with 9.momentous 10.had entered
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述的是2024 年10 月中旬,大熊猫“宝力”“青宝”乘坐专车离开
中国大熊猫保护研究中心都江堰基地,搭乘专机前往美国华盛顿国家动物园,开启为期10 年的旅居生
活。
1.考查名词。句意:华盛顿特区的史密森尼国家动物园和保护生物学研究所周一宣布,饲养员们预计本
周将迎来两只来自中国的大熊猫。设空处应填名词作宾语,arrive 的名词是arrival。故填arrival。
2.考查副词。句意:这两只熊猫,一公一母,分别被命名为宝力和青宝,预计将于周二抵达。设空处应
填副词修饰named 作状语,意为“分别地”。故填respectively。
3.考查动词时态语态。句意同上。设空处应填谓语动词,expect 与主语pandas 构成被动关系,be expected
to do sth 为固定短语,意为“被期望做某事”,根据句意可知,此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are
expected。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:宝力是2013 年出生于华盛顿特区的宝宝的后代,宝宝一直住在那里直到2017
年。句中is 为谓语动词,设空处应填非谓语动词,逻辑主语Bao Bao 与live 构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应用
现在分词形式作定语。故填living。
5.考查定语从句。句意:所有在国家动物园出生的大熊猫都会在4 岁时返回中国,这是一项有助于保护
该物种寿命的繁殖计划的一部分。目前,国际自然保护联盟将大熊猫列为“易危物种”。设空处引导非限
制性定语从句,修饰先行词the species,且先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which 引导。故填
which。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:据新华社报道,为了准备这两只大熊猫的正式交接,中国专家多次前往华盛
顿特区,以确保它们的安全和福利得到保障。句中made 为谓语动词,设空处应填非谓语动词,此处表示
“为了准备”故使用不定式结构作目的状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填To prepare。
7.考查冠词。句意:声明表明,专家断定国家动物园的生活空间、食物来源、繁殖计划和健康监测都是
充足的。statement 为可数名词,应用冠词修饰,在本句中特指前面提到的“专家断定,国家动物园的生活
空间、食物来源、繁殖计划和健康监测都是充足的”这个声明,应用定冠词the。故填the。
8.考查介词。句意:据新华社报道,周一晚上,他们乘坐从中国大熊猫保护研究中心开往成都双流国际
机场的私人交通工具开始了旅程,在那里他们开始为飞往新家的“特别航班”做准备。begin with 为固定
短语,意为“以……开始”。故填with。
9.考查形容词。句意:宝力和青宝的到来备受期待,继6 月云川和新宝来到圣地亚哥动物园这一重要时
刻之后,这是大熊猫在与中国经历了一段外交紧张期后21 年来首次进入美国。设空处应填形容词作定语
修饰名词coming,moment 的形容词是momentous,意为“重要的”。故填momentous。
10.考查动词时态。句意同上。设空处为谓语动词,enter 发生在was the first time 之前,为“过去的过
去”,此处构成was the first time+过去完成时句型结构,应用过去完成时。故填had entered。
Passage 2 (2025 年湖南省师范大学附属中学高三模拟试题 )
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Established in 1984, the Weifang International Kite Festival, 11 (hold) annually in Shandong
Province, China, is interpreted as the 12 (large) of its kind, welcoming delegations from all around the
globe and hundreds of thousands of spectators each year. At the 2025 event (the 42nd edition), more than 600 kite
professionals from 51 countries and regions sent kites of different shapes into the sky, 13 mirrored their
timeless creativity.
Often referred to as the “World Capital of Kites”, Weifang inherits a 2,400-year-old craftsmanship tradition
traced back to the “wooden kite” invented by Mozi, a famous philosopher in ancient China. Later, Lu Ban 14
(employ) rather lighter bamboo to create “flying birds”. After Cái Lun improved the paper-making technique in the
Eastern HanDynasty, paper replaced silk, and 15 name “paper kite” was officially born. After thousands
of years of inheritance, kites have long gone beyond the category of entertainment tools and have transformed
16 vivid symbols of traditional Chinese culture.
At the 2025 Weifang International Kite Festival, kites came in 17 (variety) styles — one of them
is the three-dimensional kite. The skeleton is usually a foldable structure, mostly with palace lanterns and vases as
the theme, 18 the mask is skilfully painted using the delicate technique of brushwork. Another one is the
dynamic kite. It is a kind of kite that moves with the help of wind power according to the change of forces on the
kite skeleton.
Since the emergence of the Weifang International Kite Festival, a bridge 19 (build) for traditional
culture: communication with the world, enabling the thousand-year-old kite-making techniques 20
(reveal) vigorous vitality in the new era.
【答案】
11.held 12.largest 13.which 14.employed 15.the 16.into 17.various
18.and 19.has been built 20.to reveal
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了潍坊国际风筝节,讲述了风筝的历史演变、样式,以及该节日为
传统文化搭建桥梁,让风筝技艺焕发生机。
11.考查非谓语动词。句意:潍坊国际风筝节于1984 年设立,每年在中国山东省举行,被认为是同类活动
中规模最大的。hold(举行)用非谓语动词形式,作后置定语,与逻辑主语the Weifang International Kite
Festival 之间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动。故填held。
12.考查形容词最高级。句意:潍坊国际风筝节于1984 年设立,每年在中国山东省举行,被认为是同类
活动中规模最大的。根据“of its kind”可知,这里表示在同类活动中进行比较,结合定冠词the 可知,用形
容词最高级largest。故填largest。
13.考查定语从句。句意:在2025 年的活动(第42 届)中,来自51 个国家和地区的600 多名风筝专业人士
将不同形状的风筝送上天空,这反映了他们永恒的创造力。“_____ mirrored their timeless creativity”是非限
定性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子,关系词在从句中作主语,用关系代词which 引导从句。故填which。
14.考查时态。句意:后来,鲁班使用更轻的竹子制作“飞鸟”。employ(使用)是谓语动词,结合常识,
这里讲述的是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时态。故填employed。
15.考查冠词。句意:在蔡伦改进东汉的造纸技术后,纸取代了丝绸,“纸风筝”这个名字正式诞生。
“name ‘paper kite’”指的是我们都知道的“纸风筝”,特指,用定冠词the 限定。故填the。
16.考查介词。句意:经过数千年的传承,风筝早已超越了娱乐工具的范畴,转变为中国传统文化的生动
象征。transform into 是固定短语,意为“转变为”。故填into。
17.考查形容词。句意:在2025 年潍坊国际风筝节上,风筝有各种样式——其中一种是立体风筝。提示
词修饰名词styles,用形容词various 作定语,意为“各种各样的”。故填various。
18.考查连词。句意:骨架通常是可折叠结构,大多以宫灯和花瓶为主题,并且面具是用精湛的笔法巧妙
绘制的。设空处前后两个句子是并列关系,用连词and 连接两个分句。故填and。
19.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:自潍坊国际风筝节出现以来,为传统文化搭建了一座与世界交流的
桥梁,使有着千年历史的风筝制作技艺在新时代展现出蓬勃的生机。build(搭建)是谓语动词,与主语a
bridge 之间是被动关系,根据时间状语“Since the emergence of the Weifang International Kite Festival”可知,
描述过去持续到现在的行为,用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是单数名词,助动词用has。故填has been
built。
20.考查非谓语动词。句意:自潍坊国际风筝节出现以来,为传统文化搭建了一座与世界交流的桥梁,使
有着千年历史的风筝制作技艺在新时代展现出蓬勃的生机。enable sb/sth to do sth 是固定用法,意为“使某
人/某物能够做某事”,用不定式to reveal 作宾语补足语。故填to reveal。
Passage 3 (广东深圳高级中学2025-2026 学年高三试题)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The art of seal engraving (篆刻) is a foundation of China’s fine arts. It has been 21 inseparable part
of classic Chinese art. In September 2009, China’s seal-engraving art was added to the List of Intangible Cultural
Heritage by UNESCO.
Seal-engraving art, 22 (date) back to the Shang dynasty, has a history of more than 3,000 years. The
art form developed rapidly during the Qin dynasty, 23 people engraved their names on utensils (器具) and
in documents to claim ownership.
Soon after Qin Shi Huang unified China, he ordered a group of 24 (craftsman) to use jade to make
an imperial seal called “Xi”. Not until the Ming Dynasty did artists and scholars begin using seals engraved with
their names 25 (mark) the ownership of their calligraphy works and paintings.
In 1904, Xiling Seal Engravers’ Society was founded with the 26 (combine) efforts of seal artists
from different schools, and places 27 it was the first of its kind in China.
Today seals are still 28 wide use in official documents and private letters. With engraved seals
gaining worldwide 29 (appreciate) in recent years, an increasing number of people 30 (become)
fascinated with the items.
【答案】
21.an 22.dating 23.when 24.craftsmen 25.to mark 26.combined 27.and
28.in 29.appreciation 30.have become
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国篆刻艺术的历史、发展以及其在当今社会的应用和影响力,
该艺术于2009 年被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产名录。
21.考查冠词。句意:它一直是中国古典艺术不可分割的一部分。根据句意可知,此处表示“一个不可分
割的部分”,且inseparable 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以应用不定冠词an 修饰,表泛指。故填an。
22.考查非谓语动词。句意:篆刻艺术可追溯到商朝,已有三千多年的历史。分析句子结构可知,句中已
有谓语动词has,所以date 应用非谓语动词形式,因其与逻辑主语Seal-engraving art 之间是主动关系,所以
应用现在分词形式,作定语。故填dating。
23.考查定语从句。句意:这种艺术形式在秦朝得到了迅速发展,当时人们在器具和文件上刻上自己的名
字来表明所有权。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the Qin dynasty,在从句
中作时间状语,所以应用关系副词when 引导该从句。故填when。
24.考查名词复数。句意:秦始皇统一中国后,他命令一群工匠用玉制作一枚名为“玺”的御印。
craftsman 为可数名词,由a group of 可知,此处应用其复数形式。故填craftsmen。
25.考查非谓语动词。句意:直到明朝,艺术家和学者才开始使用刻有自己名字的印章来标记他们的书法
和绘画作品的所有权。use sth. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“用某物做某事”,所以此处应用动词不定式to
mark 作目的状语。故填to mark。
26.考查形容词。句意:1904 年,西泠印社在不同流派印章艺术家的共同努力下成立,它是中国第一个此
类组织。修饰名词efforts 应用combine 的形容词形式combined 作定语,意为“共同的”。故填combined。
27.考查连词。句意:1904 年,西泠印社在不同流派印章艺术家的共同努力下成立,它是中国第一个此类
组织。根据句意可知,空格前后为并列关系,所以应用连词and 连接两个分句。故填and。
28.考查介词。句意:如今,印章在官方文件和私人信件中仍被广泛使用。in use 是固定搭配,意为“在
使用中”。故填in。
29.考查名词。句意:近年来,随着篆刻印章获得全球的赞赏,越来越多的人迷上了这种物品。根据空格
前的形容词worldwide 可知,此处应用appreciate 的名词形式appreciation,作gaining 的宾语,且
appreciation 为不可数名词。故填appreciation。
30.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:近年来,随着篆刻印章获得全球的赞赏,越来越多的人迷上了这种物
品。根据时间状语in recent years 可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语an increasing number of people 为复数,
助动词应用have。故填have become。
1.(2024 年浙江1 月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad
in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
【答案】have started
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆
分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词start 意为“开始”。故填have
started。
2.(2024 年全国甲卷)They (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
【答案】 were 动词
【解析】考查时态。句意:他们是一个由15 人组成的探险队的一部分,他们花了近五个星期的时间来见
证那里的自然美景。本空前They 指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870 年,同时联系后文had spent 的过
去完成时可知,本空时态为过去式且为复数形式,故填were。
3.(2023 年新课标II 卷)As a little girl, I _________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
【答案】 wished
【解析:考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可
知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish 作本句谓语,和主语I 之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew 可知用一般
过去时。故填wished。
4.(2023 年全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
【答案】 was amazed
【解析:考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10 年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶
于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city
was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I 和动
词amaze 之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
5.(2024 年新课标II 卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
【答案】 was built
【解析:考查时态和语态。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居
仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“Two years later”可
知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”,单数,和动词“build”之间为被动关系,
所以用被动语态。故填was built。
6.(2023 年北京卷)Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to
find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
【答案】had arrived
【解析:考查动词时态。句意:多年以后,搬到法国后,我在约定的时间赴宴,却发现没有其他客人到
场,女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up 之前,属于“过去的过去”,应用过去
完成时。故填had arrived。
7.(2022 年浙江卷)When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her
smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
【答案】noticed
【解析】考查时态。句意:当他触摸到莱昂纳多•达•芬奇的3D 版《蒙娜丽莎》时,他立刻注意到了她的
微笑。根据“he felt”可知,本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
8.(2022 年北京卷)The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t
survive if this situation continues.
【答案】has increased
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:自从2019 年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since
2019,可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics 为单数含义,助动词用has。故填has
increased。
9.(2022 年北京卷)The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t
survive if this situation continues.
【答案】 has increased
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:自从2019 年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since
2019,可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics 为单数含义,助动词用has。故填has
increased。
10.(2020 年北京卷)The Neanderthals_________(live)alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of
thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago.
【答案】lived/had lived/had been living
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年,直到大约4 万
年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语,结合句意,此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生
在灭绝之前,结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态;又
因动作发生在过去,强调过去发生的动作,也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。