文档文本内容
话题 6 宇宙奥秘探索与环境保护
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·湖北省三校三模)
The Charles Dickens Museum in London is the world’s most important collection
of material relating to the great Victorian novelist and social commentator (评论
员).The only surviving London home of Dickens (from 1837 until 1839) was opened
as a museum in 1925 and is still welcoming visitors from all over the world.On four
floors，visitors can see paintings，rare editions，manuscripts，original furniture
and many items relating to the life of one of the most popular and beloved
personalities of the Victorian age.
Opening Hours：
The Museum is open from Mondays to Saturdays 10：00－17：00；Sundays
11：00－17：00.
Last admission is 30 minutes before closing time.
Special opening times can be arranged for groups，who may wish to book a
private view.
Admission Charges：
Adults：￡5.00；Students：￡4：00；Seniors：￡4.00；Children：￡3.00；
Families：￡14.00 (2 adults & up to five children).
Group Rates：For a group of 10 or more，a special group rate of ￡4.00 each
applies.Children will still be admitted for ￡3.00 each.
Access：
We are constantly working to improve access to the Museum and its
collection.Our current projects involve the fitting of a wheelchair ramp (活动坡道)
for better access，a customer care kit and an audio tour for visitors with impaired
vision.Our Handling Sessions are also suitable for the visually impaired.The Museum
has developed an online virtual tour through the Museum.Click here to visit all the
rooms in the Museum online.Hire the Museum：
The Museum can be hired for private functions，parties and many other social
occasions.
Find Us：
The Museum may be reached by using the following buses：7，17，19，38，
45，46，55，243.And by these underground services：Piccadilly Line；Central
Line.For a map，please click here.The British Museum and the Foundling Museum
are within walking distance.
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍的是伦敦的查尔斯·狄更斯博物馆
的相关情况。
1.How much will they pay if a family with two adults and three children go to the
Museum together?
A.￡10.00. B.￡14.00.
C.￡19.00. D.￡22.00.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据Admission Charges部分的“Families：￡14.00 (2
adults & up to five children).”可知，如果一个家庭有两个大人和三个孩子一起去
博物馆，要花14英镑。]
2.What can be learned from the passage about the Museum?
A.Individuals cannot hire the Museum for parties.
B.Visitors with poor vision can enjoy the Museum.
C.In no case can people visit the Museum after 17：00.
D.Visitors can see rare editions of many Victorian novelists.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据 Access 部分的“Our current projects involve the
fitting of a wheelchair ramp for better access，a customer care kit and an audio tour
for visitors with impaired vision.”可知，视力不好的游客也可以参观博物馆。]
3.Where does this text probably come from?
A.Website. B.Magazine.
C.Newspaper. D.Guidebook.
答案 A [文章出处题。根据 Access 部分的“The Museum has developed an
online virtual tour...in the Museum online.”以及最后一段的倒数第二句“For amap，please click here.”可推知，本篇文章可能来自一个网站。]
B
(2024·山东师范大学附中模拟预测)
When he went outside during the break，John Buettner would dream of learning
the monkey bars.He uses a wheelchair，so they aren’t accessible to him—in fact，
most of the playground at Glen Lake Elementary School isn’t.Betsy Julien would look
out at the students in their wheelchairs，and thought，“Our playground is not set up
for everybody in the school to play and have fun.”
Now，thanks to this teacher and her students，that dream is about to come true
in a bigger way.
Last fall，Julien and a few of her colleagues applied for，and won，a grant for
an accessible swing and merry－go－round.The grant fell $35，000 short of the
amount the school needed，so Julien asked her class to help raise the rest.
Her students jumped at the idea，and took it a step further.“Why can’t we
make the whole playground accessible？” said Hadley Mangan.They brainstormed
ideas on how to raise money：door－knocking，partnering with restaurants，
handing out flyers，and even cold－calling local businesses.They got to work and
reached their goal in a matter of weeks.Now，they aim to raise $1 million so they can
completely transform their playground.
Last week，Julien loaded the students for a field trip to see how the equipment
was built and even got to color in a blueprint of the playground design.Buettner said
he could hardly believe how quickly an idea turned into reality.“All of this equipment
is big enough for my friends and I to play on.I just feel some sense of capability.”
Julien speaks through tears ， too ， when reflecting on the project and the
transformation.“Anything we raise beyond our goal will go towards accessible
equipment at neighboring schools.I hope that the world is accepting and inclusive for
every child.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了 John Buettner的老师和同学为
了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成
功改造了操场。4.What’s the problem with the school playground?
A.Little playing space. B.Limited accessibility.
C.Poor construction funding. D.Narrow wheelchair passage.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段中“He uses a wheelchair...most of the
playground at Glen Lake Elementary School isn’t.”和“Our playground is not set up
for everybody in the school to play and have fun.”可知，学校操场的问题是对于使
用轮椅的人来说并不方便，即无障碍环境有限。]
5.What does the underlined phrase “a step further” refer to?
A.Donating more money. B.Achieving original goals.
C.Asking more people for help. D.Transforming the whole playground.
答案 D [词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文“so Julien asked her class to help
raise the rest.”和下文“‘Why can’t we make the whole playground accessible？’
said Hadley Mangan.”可知，Julien让她的学生们帮忙筹集剩下的钱，她的学生们
欣然接受了，并决定筹集钱把整个操场改造一下，变成无障碍操场，由此可推
知，“a step further”指的是改造整个操场。]
6.What can we infer from Buettner’s words?
A.He engages more in donation.
B.He has more faith in himself.
C.He becomes an expert in sports.
D.He gets more involved in contests.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Buettner所说的话“I just feel some
sense of capability”可推知，Buettner对自己更加有信心。]
7.What can we learn from Julien’s story?
A.Hard work matters. B.Kindness bears fruits.
C.Good ideas win favor. D.Trust promotes friendship.
答案 B [推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“John Buettner would
dream of...most of the playground at Glen Lake Elementary School isn’t.”和第二段
中“Now，thanks to this teacher and her students，that dream is about to come true
in a bigger way.”可知，文章主要讲述了善良的老师和同学为了能让残疾的 John
Buettner和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。从这个故事中可以得知，善良会结出果实。]
C
(2024·湖北武汉统考模拟预测)
The Daintree rainforest is overflowing with flora (植物群) and fauna (动物群)
not found anywhere else in the world.It is also believed to be the oldest continual area
of tropical rainforest in existence.With more than half of the world’s rainforests
already destroyed，here’s why it is important to help support activities to ensure this
impressing part of Australia can’t be developed.
HalfCut is an innovative charity created in 2017 which is helping to save the
Daintree rainforest in Far North Queensland.In fact，during the lockdowns of 2021，
they helped raise more than $1.2 million for the Daintree “buy back” program which
protected over 500，000 square metres of endangered Daintree rainforest.This is
equal to 123.55 football fields worth of tropical rainforest.
Anyone wanting to support the protection of the Daintree is welcome by
HalfCut.Created by James Standon－Cooke and life partner Jessie Clarke，this
environmental activity is challenging you to cut off half of your hair ，beard or
moustache，since half stylish face makeup，baking goods，and even the odd half－
cut lawn have been popular more recently.If you feel like spending hundreds of
dollars in colouring，then style your hair a different shade or braid (编) half of your
hair，undercut or even get a normal haircut showing half of the length removed.Visit
www.Go.HalfCut.org to share your new hairdo on social media with friends and
family to help raise money.Every $2.50 is one more square metre saved of the world’s
oldest rainforest.It is up to you how long you stay halfcut.It may be for a day，a week
or even a month.All money donated helps protect Daintree Rainforest in Far North
Queensland which provides crucial habitat for many endangered species.
Don’t want to mess with your perfect hair? Then help spread the word by buying
a HalfCut T－shirt，bag，hat or jacket and save 10 square metres of rainforest for
life per purchase，or simply make a donation to this great cause.It is all about doing
your bit to help to protect the oldest rainforest in the world.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了 HalfCut是一个创新的慈善机构，成立于2017年，旨在帮助拯救位于远北昆士兰的丹特里雨林。
8.Why do people protect the Daintree rainforest?
A.It hasn’t been developed.
B.Half of it has been destroyed.
C.It has unique ecological diversity.
D.It’s the biggest tropical rainforest.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Daintree rainforest is overflowing
with flora(植物群)and fauna(动物群)not found anywhere else in the world.”可知，
人们要保护丹特里雨林的原因是它有着独特的生态多样性。]
9.What can we know about HalfCut according to the passage?
A.It has helped save 123.55 football fields.
B.It raises money online for rainforest protection.
C.It leads the fashion trend in the hairdressing industry.
D.It donates $2.50 to rainforest protection for each customer.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段中“HalfCut is an innovative charity...in Far
North Queensland.”和第三段中“Visit www.Go.HalfCut.org to share your new
hairdo...to help raise money.”可知，HalfCut在网上为保护雨林筹集资金。]
10.What do the last two paragraphs talk about?
A.The origin of HalfCut.
B.The development of HalfCut.
C.The services offered by HalfCut.
D.The ways people can get involved in HalfCut.
答案 D [段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中“Anyone wanting to support the
protection of the Daintree is welcome by HalfCut.”和最后一段中“Then help spread
the word by buying...to protect the oldest rainforest in the world.”可知，最后两段主
要讨论了人们参与到HalfCut中的方式。]
11.What is the purpose of this passage?
A.To inform people of the achievements of HalfCut.
B.To advocate readers to support HalfCut and save forest.
C.To introduce current situation of the Daintree rainforest.D.To raise government’s awareness of protecting environment.
答案 B [写作意图题。根据第二段中“HalfCut is an innovative charity created
in 2017 which is helping to save the Daintree rainforest in Far North Queensland.”和
最后一段中“Then help spread the word...It is all about doing your bit to help to
protect the oldest rainforest in the world.”可知，文章主要介绍了 HalfCut是一个创
新的慈善机构，成立于2017年，旨在帮助拯救位于远北昆士兰的丹特里雨林。
由此可推知，文章的目的是倡导读者支持HalfCut，来保护雨林。]
D
A top motor show opened on Tuesday with exhibitors displaying their latest
innovations in electric cars in Munich，where Angela Merkel said the industry should
be part of the solution to climate change.
At the opening ceremony of the 2021 International Motor Show Germany ，
Merkel talked about how the German auto industry was unwilling to go into the
development of electric cars several years ago，and only regarded them as concept
cars.She then talked about the huge progress toward electric cars in the last few
years.“I am pleased that it is now unmistakable that the trend is toward electric
cars，” said Merkel.She cautioned against focusing only on battery－powered
cars ， saying carmakers should also explore other available energy such as
hydrogen.“The motor industry is not just part of the climate problem，but above
everything else，a central part of the solution.”
According to the Digital Auto Report 2021，climate change has made a big
difference to mobility worldwide.It found the majority of people are willing to change
their personal mobility behaviour in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions(排放
物)，with 70 percent of respondents in Germany，97 percent in China and 52
percent in the United States in favour of reducing their carbon footprint.Switching to
an electric vehicle is the preferred measure for achieving this goal in China and in the
US，while Germans would like to do more walking or cycling.However，in light of
the widespread virus，many people don’t travel by bus or subway as usual.This
provides great opportunities for the development of the motor industry.
Though industrial leaders are advertising their idea for electric cars and theirsustainability，environmentalists are not happy with that.Local police had expected
there would be 60，000 people on Saturday to protest against the show.On the
opening day，activists were seen holding banners(横幅)and hanging them from
bridges above motorways，with words“Stop driving climate change”.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章围绕德国国际车展展开，以此来分析汽车
行业的发展趋势、发展原因以及环保人士对此的看法。
12.What does Merkel expect the German motor industry to do?
A.Explore alternative energy sources.
B.Be aware of the function of concept cars.
C.Concentrate on battery－powered cars.
D.Be cautious about developing electric cars.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She cautioned against focusing only
on...explore other available energy such as hydrogen”可知，默克尔希望汽车行业不
要只关注由电池驱动的汽车，也应该探索其他像氢气这样的可替代能源。]
13.What does “This” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.The Chinese turning to electric cars.
B.The big mobility change in America.
C.The Germans’ preference for cycling.
D.The low demand for public transport.
答案 D [代词指代题。根据第三段中的“However，in light of the widespread
virus，many people don’t travel by bus or subway as usual”可知，由于病毒，许多
人都不像往常那样乘坐公共汽车或者地铁出行了，也就是说人们对公共交通的
需求少了，这为汽车行业的发展提供了机遇。]
14.What is the environmentalists’ attitude toward the development of electric cars?
A.Doubtful. B.Cautious.
C.Unfavourable. D.Positive.
答案 C [观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“environmentalists are not happy
with that”和“activists were seen holding banners(横幅)...‘Stop driving climate
change’”可知，环保主义者对电动汽车行业的发展持不赞成的态度。]
15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Climate Change Leads to Downward Mobility
B.German Motor Show Focuses on Clean Future
C.Climate Change Restructures the Motor Industry
D.German Motor Show Displays the Newest Models
答案 B [标题归纳题。文章首段介绍了在德国国际车展上，参展商展示了他
们在电动汽车方面的最新发明。第二段引用默克尔在车展上的讲话，揭示了电
动汽车的发展趋势，紧接着第三段作者分析了电动汽车发展的原因，最后一段
介绍了环保人士对此的看法。]
E
Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day，
littering often takes a backseat—but it’s more pressing than we may think.
Some may say that a banana peel out of your car along the motorway would be a
harmless action.Actually，they are wrong.A banana peel can take up to two years to
decompose ( 分 解 ) ， and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while
driving，that’s a whole lot of discarded banana peels，or much worse.An orange peel
and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana，
but tin and aluminium cans last up to 100 years，and plastic bottles last forever，so
do glass bottles and plastic bags.
Despite the fact that longer － lasting materials will serve to damage the
environment and its animals for longer，we can’t only measure the severity of a
certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.For example，despite having a fairly short
biodegrading span，more than 120 tons of cigarette－related litter is thrown away in
the UK every day.Similarly，our regular littering here and there has caused the UK’s
mouse population to increase by 60 million.This suddenly isn’t so mysterious when
you consider that since the 1960s our annual littering has increased by an amazing
500 per cent.
It’s not a cheap habit either：UK taxpayers spent ￡500 million on keeping the
streets clean.So，it’s not surprising that if caught fly－tipping，you could face a
￡20，000 fine.Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem，however，
among the reported cases only 2，000 were punished out of 825，000，so we stillhave some way to go in making sure people observe the rules.
To take back our beautiful cities，we need to do more than simply not leaving
rubbish where it ought not to be.We need to care more about the world around us.
【语篇解读】 本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了与日常谈论的环保问题相比，
乱扔垃圾往往被置于次要地位——但它比我们想象的更紧迫。
16.Which of the following is easiest to decompose comparatively?
A.An orange peel. B.A plastic bag.
C.An aluminium can. D.A glass bottle.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段中“An orange peel and a cigarette butt
has...so do glass bottles and plastic bags.”可知，橘子皮相比较其他三种东西更容
易分解。]
17.What can we know from Para.3?
A.Annual littering has increased a little in UK since the 1960s.
B.Shorter－lasting materials will be less harmful to the environment.
C.Cigarette－related litter is a severe environmental problem in UK.
D.Regular littering has caused the UK’s mouse population to reach 60 million.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Despite the fact that longer－lasting
materials will serve...is thrown away in the UK every day.”可知，在英国，与香烟
有关的垃圾是一个严重的环境问题。A、B、D项均与原文不符。]
18.Which of the following can best describe UK’s punishment on littering according
to Para.4?
A.Every little helps. B.A drop in the bucket.
C.No pains，no gains. D.More haste，less speed.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Regardless of how severe the
punishment might seem...in making sure people observe the rules.”可知，关于在垃
圾上的处罚是远远不够的。结合选项意思可知，B项符合题意。A项意为“积
少成多”；B项意为“杯水车薪”；D项意为“欲速则不达”。]
19.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Rubbish collection—an urgent task
B.Environment issue—a big concernC.Littering—a surprisingly big issue
D.Long－lasting material—a hidden danger
答案 C [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段以及最后一段可知，文章主要讲的是
乱扔垃圾是一个惊人的大问题。]
Ⅱ.七选五（1）
(2024·河北联考)
Entrepreneurs(企业家) should have the gift of seeing things in the present，even
if they are in the future.To start a successful start－up，three simple things are
needed. 1
Time management.Managing time efficiently is the feature of a successful
business.Smart management of time and resources implies a well－thought－out plan
and a smooth－oiled work culture.Prioritizing time，resources，and staff based on
the tasks at hand will also ensure that important tasks will get done. 2
The right work，by the right person.Working on the right thing by the right
person is probably the only thing more important than working hard.Do not hesitate to
delegate(授权委派)when the situation calls for it. 3 Every time you state what you
want，it is a message to both you and the others about what you think is possible.In
the end，nothing should stop you or your team from giving the best.Each member of
the team should work to understand exactly where their strengths are and work
together to ensure that every task gets completed by the person with the best
expertise.
4 The start － up community is a close web group.Seek out fellow
entrepreneurs and talk to them about the challenges and thrills you are facing on your
entrepreneurial journey.Networking events and social media are great platforms to
meet entrepreneurs and learn about their experiences. 5 And an Entrepreneur
Workshop like Ivy Early Entrepreneur is the best place to grow your network and find
mentors(导师).
A.Grow intelligently.
B.Meet，network，share.
C.Remember，time is money!D.Have confidence in your abilities.
E.Here are a few tips for you to follow.
F.They also provide an opportunity to form valuable partnerships.
G.Take care of your health and everything else will take care of itself.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了成功创业的三条建议。
1.E [根据上文“要开始成功创业，需要三件简单的事情。”以及下文每段首
句可知，空格处承上启下，引出下文的建议。所以 E项“以下是一些建议供您
遵循。”承上启下，符合语境。]
2.C [根据本段主旨句“Time management.(时间管理。)”可知，本段主要介绍时
间管理的重要性。C项“记住，时间就是金钱！”紧接上文“根据手头的任务
确定时间、资源和员工的优先级也将确保完成重要任务。”补充说明时间的重
要性并呼应本段主题，符合语境。]
3.D [根据本段主旨句“The right work，by the right person.(合适的工作，适合
的人。)”可知，本段主要介绍合适的工作要适合的人来完成。根据上文“情况
需要时，不要犹豫，授权。”以及下文“团队的每个成员都应该努力准确地了
解自己的优势所在，并共同努力确保每项任务都由具有最佳专业知识的人完
成。”可知，当情况需要时，要毫不犹豫地授权，而且团队的每个成员都应该
努力准确地了解自己的优势所在。D项“对自己的能力有信心。”切题，]
4.B [空格处是本段主旨句。根据下文“创业社区是一个紧密的网络群体。寻
找创业伙伴，与他们谈谈你在创业旅程中面临的挑战和刺激。”可知，本段主
要介绍创业社区是一个紧密的网络群体。寻找创业伙伴，并与他们分享。B项
“见面、交流、分享。”最能概括本段主旨。]
5.F [根据上文“网络活动和社交媒体是与企业家见面并了解他们经验的绝佳
平台。”可知，上文介绍网络活动和社交媒体的好处。F项“它们还提供了建
立宝贵合作关系的机会。”进一步补充网络活动和社交媒体的作用，符合语
境。]
七选五（2）
(2024·威海二模)
A future where insects make up a large part of the world’s diet is on the
horizon.Despite the unpleasant nature of such cuisine, insects have been considered adelicacy in some parts of world for centuries.Their being low－fat and high－protein
makes them a perfect choice for reducing hunger. 1
Animal protein from livestock (家畜), such as cows, chickens and pigs, takes up
80 percent of the entire world’s farmland, despite only making up less than one－fifth
of calories consumed globally. 2 Thus it would support a variety of biodiversity as
nature intended.
Insects such as grasshoppers, mealworms and crickets are packed full of protein
with much higher vitamin levels than pork or beef. 3 Greenhouse gas emissions
through this process are also very little, with insect waste making excellent fertilizer
(肥料) for agricultural soil.
It seems that insects are an ideal solution to many issues the world today is faced
with. 4 Urban areas of Asia, Europe and North America are most likely to
associate insects with dirt instead of as a tasty meal.
Times are changing.The European Union last year declared that mealworms were
safe for human consumption.Cricket protein powder is also increasing greatly in
popularity, with Canada rapidly becoming the largest market for the product.
5 As we explore our solar system, efficient means of producing animal
based － proteins will become vital.None are more efficient space － wise than
insects.And the colonies of the future could well find themselves enjoying fried
crickets with a pint of beer while watching the Martian sunset.
A.They also have a host of environmental benefits.
B.Insects reproduce quickly and have high growth rates.
C.Unlike agriculture, insects produce far fewer greenhouse gases.
D.They require little space, water and technology to raise compared to livestock.
E.However, making them a delicious cuisine can be a challenge in several cultures.
F.By freeing up livestock space, huge expanses of land could be returned to nature.
G.A future where insects will become invaluable to space exploration is also
upcoming.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了用昆虫制作美味佳肴的好处。
昆虫的低脂肪和高蛋白使它们成为减少饥饿的完美选择，而且用昆虫制作美味佳肴还能带来许多环境效益。
1.A [上文“尽管这种菜肴的性质令人不快，但几个世纪以来，昆虫一直被视
为世界上某些地区的美味佳肴。它们的低脂肪和高蛋白使它们成为减少饥饿的
完美选择。”指出昆虫成为美味佳肴的原因，下文也介绍了昆虫的环境效益，
A 项“它们还有许多环境效益。”承上启下，继续描述昆虫成为美味佳肴的原
因。]
2.F [上文“来自牲畜，如牛、鸡和猪的动物蛋白，占据了全世界 80%的农
田，尽管只占全球消耗卡路里的不到五分之一。”指出牲畜占据了全世界 80%
的农田，F 项“通过释放牲畜的空间，大片的土地可以回归自然。”承接上
文，指出释放这些空间会有好处。]
3.D [上文“蝗虫、粉虱和蟋蟀等昆虫富含蛋白质，维生素含量比猪肉或牛肉
高得多。”指出饲养昆虫的好处，下文“通过这一过程的温室气体排放量也很
少，昆虫废弃物可以作为农业土壤的优质肥料。”也是在讲饲养昆虫的好处。
由此可知，空处也应围绕饲养昆虫的好处来写，D 项“与家畜相比，它们需要
很少的空间、水和技术来饲养。”承上启下，符合语境。]
4.E [上文“昆虫似乎是当今世界面临的许多问题的理想解决方案。”指出用
昆虫制作美味佳肴能解决许多问题，下文“在亚洲、欧洲和北美的城市地区，
人们更倾向于将昆虫与泥土联系在一起，而不是将其作为美味的一餐。”指出
有些地区不用昆虫来做美味佳肴。由此可知，E 项“然而，在不同的文化中，
把它们做成美味的菜肴可能是一个挑战。”和上文是转折关系，且下文具体说
明了 E 项内容。]
5.G [下文“随着我们探索太阳系，生产动物蛋白质的有效方法将变得至关重
要。在空间利用方面，没有什么比昆虫更有效率。”指出昆虫将在太空探索方
面发挥的作用。由此可知，G 项“昆虫将成为太空探索无价之宝的未来也即将
到来。”引起下文，符合语境。]
