文档内容
专题 28 语法填空高频话题
(地理环境与环境保护)
刷大题、提能力
1.（广东省河源市开学联考2023-2024学年高三联考试题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
May 22 marks the annual International Day for Biological Diversity, 1 theme for this year is “From
Agreement to Action: Build Back Biodiversity”. Nearly half of the global GDP output is related 2
biological diversity. Nearly 40 percent of the global population makes their living on marine or coastal biodiversity.
China is one of the world’s most biologically 3 (diversity) countries. China is home to the world’s
third largest number of higher plant species with 35,000, 4 (account) for the world’s 10 percent of the
category. The country also owns 686 species of mammals and 5 largest number of unique mammal
species. China has 24.02 percent of 6 (it) territory covered by forest and 7 (top) the fifth
globally in terms of forest resource coverage.
From the perspective of the world, however, the numbers of wild animals in Africa and the Asia-Pacific region
have dropped 66 percent and 55 percent 8 (respective) due to habitat degradation (恶化), development
and pollution, climate change and diseases. The threat that worldwide biological diversity is under is worsening as
41 percent of the world’s amphibians, 26 percent of the mammals and 14 percent of birds are facing extinction.
What are we supposed to do? Don’t eat, purchase wild animals. Reduce using plastic 9 (item). Save
water and power. Reduce 10 (consume) of domestic paper. Plant trees and forests.
2.（浙江省杭州市“六县九校”联盟2023年试题）
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It has been estimated that rapidly growing modernization is leading to ignorance towards the environment.
Humans have created a situation in 11 ordinary events become increasingly raised to the level of natural
disasters, 12 (cause) heavy losses in terms of human life as well as property.
Over the years, scientists researching on this topic 13 (find) that the main problem is global
warming. But because 14 human greed, no one is really caring about the environmental risks and
everyone is busy making money.It is known that the rapid industrial growth has led to 15 large number of air and water pollution
problems. Though there are environmental laws that these 16 (industry) need to follow to treat the waste
but most of the time the industry owners ignore these laws for their personal gain. Rapid construction has led to
large land areas being covered with cement(水泥), meaning the flow of water becomes so strong 17
water runoff can’t get absorbed by the soil, eventually leading to greater flooding.
18 (fortunate), there are still a lot of people who really care about the environment and are 19
(will) to work on environmental issues. Many societies and groups are working day and night 20
(make) people aware of the harmful effects of the pollution and other practices that are harmful to our environment.
3.（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the summer of 2022, a 26-year-old Shanghai resident 21 ( name) Chen Jiaorong has been
walking along Julu Road in Shanghai’s downtown area once or twice a week, looking around and picking
up“garbage”. After her action was noticed online, she was described by others 22 a “stooper”.
The word “stoop” means “to bend forward”, 23 in the United States, it also refers to a platform or
entrance stairway to a house. The term “stooper” was coined in the US after a lot of people put their used or
underused 24 (belong) in front of their doorsteps to be taken away for free by those in need. Later,
“stooping” was extended to mean “picking up abandoned items and 25 (recycle) them”.
As the first “stooper” in China, Chen had 26 (she) own approach. She picked unused goods to help
find suitable new owners for some items. When she 27 (spot) such abandoned goods, she put a pair of
eyeball-shaped stickers on them before publishing notes on her social media accounts, and guiding others 28
( pick) them up from the streets.
Although “stooping” is a 29 ( relative) new word in China, now, people are gradually advocating
30 savings-based consumption and environment-friendly lifestyle instead of blindly pursuing luxurious
expense. And more young people are joining the ranks of “stooping”
4.（2023届浙江省丽水市缙云中学等三校联考试题）
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The total floor area of Chain’s green buildings has been over 6. 6 billion square meters with the country’s
efforts to promote high-quality development in urban and rural areas.
31 (note)China’s achievements of green development in urban and rural areas, Zhang Xiaohong, vice
minister of housing and urban-rural development, 32 (stress)the difficult task of saving energy and reducingcarbon emissions in urban and rural construction at a press conference on Monday.
The ministry will make continuous efforts 33 (increase)the proportion of green buildings, raise
building energy efficiency standards and popularize buildings with extra-low energy 34 (consume)in
regions with suitable climate conditions. It will also promote green renovation of existing buildings to improve
energy efficiency and make 35 (low)carbon emissions.
China issued a guideline 36 supports green development in urban and rural areas recently. Institutional
mechanisms and policy systems for green development in urban and rural areas will be 37
(basic)established by 2025, while green development will cover urban and rural areas 38 a comprehensive
way by 2035, with 39 increased cut in carbon emissions, said the guideline.
The ministry will state a 14th five-year plan on urban and rural living environment planning and take 40
(measure)to bring eco-environment, construction and social and cultural environment into line while promoting
green development of regions and cities.
5.（2023届江苏省天一中学高考考前热身训练英语试题）
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To protect the ocean and prevent plastic waste polluting the water, an Italian company has invented River
Cleaning, 41 seems to be a perfect tool for picking up litter before it gets there. About 80 percent of
ocean waste comes from 100 of the 42 (large) waterways across the world. So, stopping waste at its
source is 43 excellent potential solution.
However, the company had to overcome several 44 (difficulty) before it could test out the invention
45 (proper). For example, its device had to allow boats to easily pass through, while being able 46
(run) 24/7 with no impact on the environment. The result is River Cleaning, a 100 percent effective, low cost, low
impact solution.
Attached 47 the bed at the bottom of the river, River Cleaning is a series of buoys (浮标) that
powered by the 48 (nature) flow of the river. It has the ability to collect different kinds of waste. So far,
studies 49 (show) River Cleaning can collect 85 percent of all waste passing by it. So, if it is used in all
the right places, that’s up to 85 percent of trash prevented from 50 (enter) flowing into the ocean.
6.（2023年福建省德化一中、永安一中、漳平一中三校协作高三试题）
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Housed in a small container and measuring just 0.5cm long, the weevil (象鼻虫) doesn’t look very 51
(frighten). Yet this species is the UK’s latest hope in a new wave of biological ways 52 (control) invasivespecies rather than using chemical and mechanical methods. The South American creature’s target is a floating
plant 53 blocks rivers, cutting water oxygen levels and outcompeting native plants. As well as 54
(potential) threatening biodiversity, the invasive species have a big economic impact on Great Britain, 55
(estimate) ￡1.7 billion a year. Those are the reasons why the weevil is at the forefront of a new wave of biological
agents used in the UK after many relative tests have been carried out.
The weevil I saw in 56 lab near London belonging to the Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience
International will eat the invasive plant’s 57 (leaf) and its larvae (幼虫) will eat the stalks (茎) from the
inside out.
The weevils were first used in the wild in the UK last winter. Now more will 58 (release) in various
areas this year to deal 59 the invasive species. The next problems will be whether the weevils can
establish 60 (them) in the wild and be effective against the plant.
7.（2023年湖南省岳阳市平江县第一中学高三试题）
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French disaster epic Notre-Dame on Fire hits Chinese big screen
This April marks the 61 (four) anniversary of Notre-Dame in Paris being engulfed by the biggest
blaze in its history.
NotreDame on Fire, now in Chinese cinemas, is a disaster epic 62 veteran French filmmaker Jean-
Jacques Annaud, who also helmed Wolf Totem(2015), a drama film 63 (adapt) from Chinese writer Jiang
Rong’s eponymous novel. The film made its China premiere on April 6 in Beijing in the presence of France’s
Minister of Culture Rima Abdul Malak and the director.
Presenting a blow-by-blow recreation of the gripping events that 64 (happen) on April 15, 2019
when the fire at the French medieval catholic cathedral rocked France and shocked the whole world, Annaud’s new
film hails the heroic people who put their lives on 65 line to accomplish the awe-inspiring rescue.
Annaud unveiled the filming details of the film to the audience 66 (attend) the China premiere.
“It was a 67 (danger) movie. The actors were actually very close to the extremely violent fire,
1,200-degree Fahrenheit fire. There are very few digital special effects. Almost all of what you have seen are 68
(identical) reconstructed sets that I set on fire,” he said.
“When I saw this movie in Paris last year, it took me a few hours 69 I could breathe and walk
normally on the street,” said Malak at the film’s China premiere.
The French minister announced that 2024 will be the France-China Year of Culture and Tourism and sheinvited Chinese tourists to travel to France for the occasion, especially to see the Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris,
70 , after almost six years of extensive renovations, is scheduled to reopen to the public in December of the
same year.
8.（2023年江苏省南通市高三考前练习卷英语试题）
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Breathing dirty air causes the premature death of at least 1,200 children across Europe each year. Actually,
many thousands more 71 (trouble) with physical and mental health problems that could have lifelong
impacts.
72 it comes to air pollution, we can’t think of children 73 little adults. They receive more
pollution, and it starts in the womb (子宫) and continues in kindergarten and onwards.
Children are more exposed to dirty air than adults because they have a 74 (fast) breathing rate, are
closer to the ground and are outdoors more. They are particularly 75 (sense) to dirty air, and pollutants
can have a permanent impact on their development. The impacts begin before birth, 76 contributes to low
birth weight and premature birth.
Reducing the 77 (source) of air pollution, including road traffic, coal and solid fuel burning, and
industrial emissions (排放物), is key. Action should also be taken 78 (reduce) the specific risks to
children. These could include putting clean air zones around schools, where traffic would 79 (restrict)
and idling engines (怠速运转) prohibited. Local authorities and schools should also consider 80
(plant) trees, ivy screens and hedge fences around playgrounds.
9.（2023年海南省琼海市嘉积中学高三试题）
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81 (handle) the widespread use and environmental damage caused by single-use plastics, a Chinese
research institute has proposed developing new technologies 82 using a more eco-friendly substitute-
bamboo. The proposal, 83 (announce)on Thursday by the International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,
comes after the Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic Initiative introduced at the High-level Dialogue on Global
Development held 84 (virtual) in Beijing in June.
Fei Benhua, director of the International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, said bamboo-straw manufacturing
technology could be realized and used to replace plastic straws on 85 large scale, 86 (add) that
using bamboo to make straws is just the beginning.
The world makes nearly 400 million metric tons of plastic every year for use in packaging, construction,catering and other 87 (purpose), and China’s delivery industry annually 88 (produce) about 1.8
million tons of plastic waste. A sharp rise in single-use plastics, 89 are produced almost entirely from
fossil fuels, has damaged the well-being of the planet. Bamboo, on the other hand, can be used to produce cups,
straws, paper and packaging, while being 90 (recycle) and environmentally friendly.
10.（2023年河南省安阳市高三第三次模拟英语试题）
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According to the fifth Global Biodiversity Outlook report, biodiversity is declining 91 an alarming
rate. As the most biodiverse province in China, southwestern Yunnan is sharing 92 (it)conservation
strategy on the international stage.
Seventeen years after the province first 93 (introduce)the concept of Species with Extremely Small
Populations(SESP), Yunnan showcased the achievements in conservation on Dec 16 at a side event of the 15th
meeting of the Conference of the Parties(COP15)to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity in Montreal,
Canada.
“We will forever lose the opportunity for future development that some species bring if they go extinction,”
says Yang Hua, 94 worker with the provincial forestry and grassland administration.
SESP, 95 (bring)forward by the province in 2005, was a concept to represent species 96
were found to be restricted in their geographic distribution and showed weak population 97 (grow).
Ever since then, the province’s conservation efforts 98 (help) the population of Asian elephants
reach around 360, and that of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys is now 3, 800.
Sun Weibang, director of the Kunming Botanical Garden, under the Kunming Institute of Botany of the
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 (recent) said that, during a decade of continuous development, Plant
Species with Extremely Small Populations(PSESP) was applied as a model 100 (conserve)native plants
in countries such as Italy, Russia, Mexico, and Iraq.
11.（2023年辽宁省重点高中协作校高三模拟试题）
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HEFEI- Three Dalmatian pelicans (卷羽鹈鹕), or Pelecanus crispus, were spotted at Chaohu Lake for the first
time, the fifth 101 (large) freshwater lake in the country.
The rare birds 102 (photograph) on Wednesday by a local biological resources survey team and two
birdwatchers. 103 number of Dalmatian pelicans, a national first class protected species, is quite small in
China. 104 , it is rare to see three of 105 (they) at the same time, according to Yu Lei, a bird experton the local biological resources survey team.
“This wading bird, which feeds on fish, has a high level of alertness and requires a good 106 (live)
environment. The fishing ban in the lake and the improved environment are reasons behind the 107
(appear) of these pelicans,” said Yu, adding that they migrated here 108 (spend) the winter.
More than 80 birds, such as little swans and cormorants, were also spotted on Wednesday at the lake. Hefei
City, 109 the lake is located, 110 (take) a number of measures to strengthen the protection of
10 major wetlands around Chaohu Lake in recent years, including banning fishing, land reclamation and waste
dumping in the protected zones.
12.（2023年山西省大同市高三试题）
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The day starts early for Zheng Baogang and his tree-planting team. At about 5 a.m., they are on their way to
the site of 111 abandoned mine in Huzhou, Zhejiang province.
Since June, they have been working to restore the land to 112 (it)past natural glory. It is the most
difficult reforestation project related to the former coal mines and stone quarries in the area in 113 Zheng
has participated. The Huzhou mine was put into operation in the late 1980s 114 it is about 200 metres
deep now. Today, the entire site for reclamation(开垦)is more than 200. 000 square metres.
115 (wear)ropes and straps like mountaineers, Zheng and his team took 116 (step)down
the cliff to loosen the compacted(压实的)soil and plant trees or grass seeds every day. In summer, the ground
temperature can reach over 40°C, while in winter, it is 117 (extreme)cold.
Although the work is 118 (danger)and laborious, Zheng says it is rewarding to see the brown fields
turning green. Estimated to be completed by the end of this month, the project will enter a two-year maintenance
period 119 (restore)the area’s greenery.
In the past decade, Zheng 120 (help)with such work at over 60 former sites. Some sites are
even reviving parklands.
13.（2023年贵州省铜仁市高三试题）
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Two villages have been named the Best Tourism Villages 2022 by the World Tourism Organization, thanks to
their achievements in 121 (balance) tourism with economic development while sticking to 122
(environment) protection.
According to the organization, 32 villages in 18 countries and regions including Austria, Chile and China123 (award) the recognition late on Tuesday. China’s Dazhai village in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous
region 124 Jingzhu village in Chongqing won the recognition.
Figures show that tourism development in Dazhai 125 (bring) great economic benefits to villagers
since the village started to develop tourism around 2003.
According to the bureau, 126 the village only received 32,000 visits in 2004, the number rose to
nearly 798,000 in 2019 before COVID-19 emerged. The villagers’ average income also saw 127 rise
from 700 yuan per year ($100) to over 34,500 yuan in 2019.
Jingzhu village, the other village 128 (recognize) by the World Tourism Organization this year, is
located in Chongqing.
The World Tourism Organization began to award Best Tourism Villages across the world in 2021 129
(promote) the cultural heritage protection and sustainable development of villages. China so far has four villages
winning the title, 130 the other two being Yucun village in Zhejiang and Xidi village in Anhui.
14.（四川省资阳中学2023年高三试题）
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More and more children are suffering from eco-anxiety, which is 131 problem that causes people to
worry a lot about the future of Earth and the life on it. They worry about climate change, 132 (pollute) and
the loss of biodiversity. This has urged education experts 133 (call) for more teaching in schools about
climate change, wildlife and the environment. So necessary is knowledge of them nowadays 134 experts
believe it should be taught to all year groups.
The Teach the Future campaign finds that only one in four schoolchildren 135 (feel) they know enough
about the climate crisis. It says this is leading to move children 136 (struggle) with eco-anxiety and worrying
about the planet. A conservation organization, Earth Rangers, 137 (take) action to address the problem of
eco-anxiety since it noticed that.
It says, Eco-anxiety does have a big effect 138 children in many ways. This includes feelings of fear and
hopelessness. It is 139 (importance) to research and understand the ways in which we can help children deal
with these feelings 140 (effective). In the meanwhile, schools should create conservation activities and help
children teach their parents how to protect nature.
15.（2023年广东省梅州市大埔县高三试题）
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The Fanjingshan World Heritage property is located in South-West China, 141 (cover) a total area of40,275 hectares(公顷), fully surrounded by a buffer zone of 37,239 hectares. Fanjingshan is located in a
monsoonal(季风的) climatic context and 142 (be)an important source of water for the surrounding
landscapes and beyond, with some 20 rivers and 143 (stream) feeding the Wujiang and Yuanjiang River
systems, both of 144 run into the Yangtze River. The 145 (high) peak,Mt Fenghuangshan, has a height
of 2,570 m above sea level.
Fanjingshan is an island of rock in a sea of karst and is home 146 many ancient plant and animal species
which 147 (originate)in the Tertiary Period, between 65 million and 2million years ago. 148 total of
3,724 plant species have been recorded in the property,an 149 (impress) 13% of China’s total flora(植物群).
Fanjingshan is the only habitat in the world for Fanjingshan Fir and Guizhou Snub-nosed Monkey, as well as 64
plant and 38 animal species that are listed as globally 150 (threaten).
