义
务
教
育
教
科
书
五·四学制
英
语
七年级 上册
义
务
教
育
教
科
书
五·四学制
英
语
七年级 上册
主 编
程晓堂
编 者
王玉青 王晓春 朱启勇
李姿姿 宋 蕾 郭 颖
（按照姓氏笔画排序）
各位同学，你们好！欢迎学习本套教材！
本套教材共7 册。六至八年级分为上、下两册，九年级为全一册。六至八
年级各册由5 个学习单元、1 个复习单元及附录组成，其中六年级上册第一个
学习单元（Welcome to junior high）为小初衔接单元。九年级包括6 个学习单
元、2 个复习单元及附录。
每个学习单元由以下板块构成：背景激活（Start it!）、词汇准备（Get
ready）、阅读与新知（Read to learn）、听说提升（Listen up）、语言运用
（Language in action 1 & 2）、交际互动（Speak out）、写作实践（Write now）、
文化广角（About our world）/ 综合实践（Project）、单元回顾（Wrap up）、策
略拓展（Learn to learn）。复习单元通过形式多样、语境丰富的词汇、语法和
综合运用活动，帮助同学们巩固本册教材的核心语言知识，强化语用实践，
提升综合素养。教材的附录包括Notes on the texts、Words and expressions 等
板块。
本套教材提供了大量真实、地道且价值导向正确的语篇，使同学们在学习
英语的同时，亦能充分了解社会发展新变化、科学技术进步新成果、社会主义
建设新成就。为帮助大家循序渐进地学习各种语言知识和技能，深入探究主题
意义，教材中提供了形式丰富多样的学习活动，并从完成活动所需要的语言知
识、学习策略及百科知识入手，搭建有效支架，为同学们在真实生活中运用语
言做好充足的准备。本套教材非常重视跨文化意识的培养，通过学习及比较中
外文化，大家能够深入探索不同国家优秀文化的内涵，了解文化异同，发展跨
文化沟通与交流的能力，同时加深对中华文化的理解和认同，树立国际视野，
坚定文化自信。
英语学习需要长期的努力。同学们要保持学习的积极性，树立能学好英语
的信心，大胆说、勤练习、不怕错。希望大家通过本套教材的学习，发展语言
能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等核心素养，为今后继续学习英语和走
向更广阔的世界打下坚实的基础。
致同学
Get ready
Read to
learn
Listen up
Language in
action 1 & 2
Unit 1
That’s
entertainment!
P2
· Forms of
entertainment
Using real
examples
· An events
guide:
What’s on
at Dreamy
Arts Centre?
· A radio
programme:
What’s on TV?
Contraction: will
· will and be
going to
· Present simple
for future
Unit 2
Making history
P18
· Development
of events
· Oral history:
A difficult
journey
· An interview: Back
to the past
/aI/ and /eI/
· Past simple
· Indefinite
pronouns
Unit 3
What’s the
story?
P34
· Feelings
· A fable: Two
men and a
bear
· A radio
programme:
Fantasy story time!
Plosives with no
audible release
Using your
knowledge
· Past continuous
· Past simple and
past continuous
Unit 4
The best things
in life are free
P50
· Verbs about
money
Similar words
· A newspaper
article: A
different life
· Monologues: More
than making money
Schwa at the end
of words
Identifying key
information
· Comparatives
and superlatives
· too, too much,
too many, (not)
enough + noun
Unit 5
Amazing
homes
P66
· Furniture
Using
spidergrams
· An article:
Tulou,
treasure
in the
mountains
· An interview:
Helping at home
have: /f/ and /v/
Answering
multiple-choice
questions
· (not) as +
adjective + as,
(not) + adjective +
enough
· (don’t) have to /
(don’t) need to
Review P82
Resources P88 Notes on the texts P90 Extra reading P100
lrregular verbs P130
Scope and sequence
Speak out
Write now
About our
world / Project
Wrap up
Learn to learn
· Refuse a
friend’s offer
politely
· Write a book
review
An online article:
How a cartoon
production
company works
· Vocabulary
· Language in
action
· Learn to manage
your time
· Talk about life
in the past
· Write about
a historical
figure
The history project:
A historical objects
display
· How to give
feedback
· Vocabulary
· Language in
action
· Learn to make
good use of
available resources
· Share opinions
about books
· Write a story
A Chinese myth:
Jingwei trying to fill
up the sea
Phrasal verbs
· Vocabulary
· Language in
action
· Learn to guess the
missing words
· Ask for money
· Write about
views on
money
The social studies
project: A poster for
a volunteer project
· How to agree as a
group
· Vocabulary
· Language in
action
· Learn to create a
budget
· Discuss a photo
of a room
· Write about
your dream
house
A magazine article:
Eco-friendly homes
Word families
· Vocabulary
· Language in
action
· Learn to use a
memory journey
Words and expressions P110 Proper nouns P118 Vocabulary P121
Learning outcomes
In this unit, let’s explore
entertainment. After completing
the unit, you will be able to:
· use some new words or
expressions to talk about forms
of entertainment.
· use will, be going to and the
present simple for future.
· make polite refusals.
· write a book review.
· give examples of entertainment
around the world.
That’s
entertainment!
1
Start it!
· Look at the picture. What is the girl doing?
· What do you like to do in your free time?
Unit 1
2
Get ready
Forms of entertainment
a
b
c
1 Match the forms of entertainment with the
pictures a–g. Circle the one that isn’t in the
pictures. Listen, check and repeat.
3 Think of an example of each form of
entertainment in Activity 1. Ask and
answer with a partner.
Born in China.
Is it a TV show?
2 Listen. Write the forms of entertainment
that the people talk about.
1
4
2
5
3
6
Use it!
4 Write sentences about the following
topics. Share them with your partner.
1 Forms of entertainment you love:
2 Forms of entertainment you don’t like:
3 Forms of entertainment you often watch:
cartoon
stand-up comedy
dance
concert
magic show
film
opera
TV show
Using real examples
When you learn vocabulary,
think of real-life examples to
help you remember it.
LEARNING TIPS
Guess the correct answer.
Flying kites was a popular form of
entertainment in history. Which
country invented kites?
a China b Egypt c India
Find an interesting fact about a
form of entertainment. Then write a
question for your partner to answer.
Explore it!
d
e
f
g
That’s entertainment!
3
Read to learn
1 Look at the pictures. What
kind of events can you see
from them?
2 Read the events guide. Check
your answers to Activity 1.
3 Match the performers 1–3
with the events A–C.
4
Unit 1
What's on at
Dreamy Arts
Centre?
An events guide
Friday, 8:00 pm >>>
Wu Jie and
the Blue Sky Band
£20.00
For one night only, Beijing opera
singer Wu Jie is going to lead
the popular band – the Blue Sky.
However, they aren’t going to
sing traditional Beijing opera.
They’re going to perform a mix
of Beijing opera and pop music!
You will certainly enjoy this
special event!
A
1
2
3
5
That’s entertainment!
C
Saturday, 8:30 pm >>>
Owen Smith
£30.00
The talented magician Owen Smith is going to perform many
amazing acts. Your eyes will surely be glued to the magic tricks!
From pulling rabbits out of hats to making things fly in the air, you
will see lots of wonderful things. Owen is going to play games with
the audience. Will you be that lucky person?
You won’t want to miss out!
B
Sunday, 7:30 pm >>>
£20.00 (for adults)
£14.00 (for students)
Join us for a fun evening with Julia
White. She is a rising star of stand-up
comedy. Julia is going to share her life
experiences and tell funny jokes. Her
great sense of humour will surely make
you laugh until your sides hurt!
Will you join us to laugh with Julia?
Julia White
DREAMY ARTS CENTRE
Voice it!
6 What do you think of the
events in the events guide?
Why do you think so? Give
your reasons.
5 Match the events A–C with
the following information.
1 It has more than one
performer.
2 The performer can make
things fly.
3 It’s cheaper for students.
4 It’s great for pop music
lovers.
5 The audience will laugh a
lot.
6 The audience can play
games with the performer.
4 Read the events guide
again. Complete the table
with the information about
the events.
We can use will for predictions
and be going to for intentions. For
example:
It will certainly be a great evening!
Bunny is going to dance at the party.
Get it right!
will and be going to
will / be going to
1 you be that lucky
person?
Beijing opera singer Wu Jie
2 lead the popular
band – the Blue Sky.
They
3 sing traditional
Beijing opera.
You
4 want to miss out!
1 Complete the examples in the
table below with the correct
form of will or be going to. Use
the events guide on pages 4–5
to help you.
Language in action 1
Event
A
Event
B
Event
C
When
Who
What to
see / do
Ticket
price
6
Unit 1
2 Decide if these sentences about the events guide are predictions
or intentions. Then complete the sentences with the words in
brackets. Use the correct form of will or be going to.
1 Wu Jie (lead) the Blue Sky to perform a mix of Beijing
opera and pop music.
2 Owen Smith (perform) many amazing acts.
3 The magic show (surprise) the audience for sure.
4 Julia White (tell) funny jokes.
5 Julia’s show (not start) until half past seven.
3 Complete the events guide with the words in the box. Use the
correct form of will or be going to.
9:00 am–11:00 am: Sci-Fi Fantasy
We
1 some of the greatest sci-fi films. From space travel to
future world, you
2 a fantastic journey!
3:00 pm–4:00 pm: Film Music Concert
Ten young musicians
3 some of the most well-known songs
from popular films. An opera singer
4 them. Who
5 it
? Come and find out!
5:00 pm–6:00 pm: Talk – Lights, Camera, Action!
Our speakers
6 their experiences in film-making. You
7 a lot
about the film industry. You
8 the chance to ask questions, too.
Eastbridge Film Festival
Saturday, 21 June
learn perform have be show start share join
Use it!
4 Work in pairs. Talk about your intentions and predictions for the
weekend.
I’m going to have a film night with my family this Saturday. I think it’ll be fun.
What films are you going to see?
That’s entertainment!
7
A radio programme
What’s on TV?
1 Discuss the questions with a
partner.
1 What kind of cultural TV
shows do you know? Give
some examples.
2 What do you think of these
TV shows?
2 Listen and tick. What is the
radio programme mainly
about?
A discussion about a TV
show.
A preview of a TV show.
An interview with a famous
poet.
3 Listen again and write T (true)
or F (false).
1 The next show is on Sunday.
2 The next show will explore
the four seasons in ancient
Chinese poetry.
3 People will feel the beautiful
natural world from the
poems.
4 A famous poet is going to talk
about English poetry.
5 The interview starts at 8:00 pm
tomorrow.
Pronunciation
1 Listen and repeat.
1. I will I’ll
4. She will She’ll
2. You will You’ll
5. We will We’ll
3. He will He’ll
6. They will They’ll
2 Listen and circle the words you hear.
1. I will pass / I’ll pass the exam.
4. We will study / We’ll study together.
2. You will like / You’ll like this film.
5. I will go / I’ll go to university.
3. They will play / They’ll play basketball.
Contraction: will
Voice it!
4 Find information about a cultural
TV show you like. Make notes.
Then tell your partner about it.
Name of the TV show:
Time for the next show:
What it is going to show:
How the audience will feel:
8
Unit 1
Listen up
Present simple for future
1 Complete the examples in
the table below. Use the radio
programme to help you.
Listen and check.
3 Make sentences with the
words and expressions in
brackets. Use the present
simple for future.
1 12:30 pm–2:00 pm: the
African Music Workshop
(begin)
The African Music Workshop
begins at 12:30 pm.
2 3:00 pm–4:00 pm: the
Chinese folk dance show
(last)
3 7:30 pm: the Film Club (not
open)
4 10:00 am, at the School Arts
Centre: a talk about Chinese
cartoons (take place)
The next show
1 on TV
this Saturday.
The show
2 at 8:00 pm.
The interview
3 at 2:00 pm.
Tomorrow we
4 a famous
poet on our radio programme.
We use the present simple for future
to talk about scheduled events. For
example:
The train arrives at 8:12 pm.
Get it right!
2 Correct the sentences about
the information mentioned
in the radio programme.
1 The quiz show is on
Saturday afternoon.
The quiz show is on Saturday
evening.
2 The quiz show begins at 2
o’clock.
3 There’s an interview with a
poet tomorrow morning.
9
That’s entertainment!
Language in action 2
Use it!
5 Write sentences using the
present simple for future. Then
write two more sentences
using your own ideas.
1 The opera / start / at 7:30 pm
2 What time / the comedy
show / begin / today
3 The party / not start / at
lunchtime
4 The kung fu film / begin / at
8 o’clock / last / two hours
5
6
4 Complete the text with the
words and expression in the
box. Use the present simple
for future.
Flamenco has a long history.
Every year the Spanish city
of Jerez puts on a festival
of flamenco. This year’s
festival
1 on 23
February and
2 on 9
March. It
3 about two
weeks. Flamenco fans from
different countries will come
here to have a great time!
Every day during this
year’s festival, there
4
performances of flamenco.
The beautiful Villamarta
Theatre
5 some
performances.
However, most of
the performances
6 in the small
flamenco clubs all
around Jerez. It
will surely be an
exciting event!
last be hold begin
take place end
6 Find a scheduled event.
Make notes. Then introduce
it to a partner.
What the event is:
Start & end dates:
What to see:
The Beijing International Film
Festival this year begins on
22 April …
10
Unit 1
3 Look at the Everyday English box. Find and underline the expressions
in the conversation.
Refuse a friend’s offer
politely
How about …? But thanks for asking.
Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t. That’s no good, either.
Useful language
XU FENG Hey, Li Fan. I’m going to
play video games this
afternoon. Would you
like to play with me?
LI FAN
1
XU FENG Why not?
LI FAN
Well, I decided to reduce
my screen time. My head
often aches after playing.
And my eyes feel sore.
Sometimes I feel angry,
too.
2
XU FENG I understand. But we can
just play for one or two
hours.
LI FAN
3
XU FENG Never mind. Maybe next
time.
LI FAN
Or maybe we can do
something else together.
4
going on a bike ride?
XU FENG That sounds good!
1 Listen to the conversation. Why can’t Li Fan join Xu Feng?
2 Complete the conversation with the help of the
Useful language box. Listen and check.
Speak out
I understand. Never mind. That sounds good!
Everyday English
4 Work in pairs. Practise the conversation.
5 Work in pairs. Think of an activity to do and reasons why one of
you can’t do it. Make a conversation.
Would you like to play chess with me?
I’d love to, but …
That’s entertainment!
11
1 Read the book review. What is the book mainly about?
1
Journey to the West is a classic Chinese novel.
It tells the journey of Xuanzang and his three
companions. Along their way to the west,
they face all kinds of challenges.
2
The writing is very imaginative. I was
impressed by the action and magic. But the
highlight of the book is the character Monkey
King. He is very clever and powerful. He can
fly and change shapes. But he is also very
playful and naughty.
3
All in all, this is a great book. I’m going to
share it with more Chinese literature fans.
And if you love action and magic, this book
won’t disappoint you!
Write now
Write a book review
Journey to the West –
A fantastic book
12
Unit 1
A book review
All in all, …
I was impressed by …
But the highlight of the book is …
And if you love …, this book won’t
disappoint you!
Useful language
PLAN
CHECK
Write your own book review.
WRITE
6 Think about a book you have
read. Make notes about the
information you need for
each paragraph. Use the
information in Activity 2 to
help you.
7 Write your book review.
Remember to include three
paragraphs and use the
correct verb tenses and
expressions from the Useful
language box.
8 Do you …?
· include three paragraphs
· say what you like or don’t like
· summarise your opinions at
the end
2 Match the summaries a–c
with the paragraphs 1–3.
a A summary of your opinion
b A general description of
the book
c Details about the story,
characters, and what you
like or don’t like
3 Read the book review again
and answer the questions.
1 What does the author
think of the book?
2 Which character is the
highlight of the book?
3 What can this character do?
4 Who will like this book?
4 In a book review, it’s a good
idea to use lots of adjectives.
Find and underline all the
adjectives in the book
review. Discuss with a
partner what they describe.
5 Find and underline the
Useful language expressions
in the book review.
That’s entertainment!
13
1 Look at the pictures. What kind
of film can you see? Read the
article and check your answer.
An online article
A cartoon production company usually produces cartoon films. The films
are exciting and imaginative. It can take many years and thousands of
hours to produce one film. How do they do it?
First, someone comes up
with an idea for a film, and
writers develop the story.
They think about the
characters. For example,
they consider what the
characters are like, what
they look like, what kind
of clothes they wear, and
so on.
Next, teams of artists
create a storyboard.
They draw each scene
beautifully on paper with
a pencil or on a computer.
Thousands of drawings
are needed for just a few
minutes of a film. Imagine
that!
2
1
ABOUT OUR
WORLD
14
Unit 1
2 Read the article again. Put the steps in the correct order.
Artists prepare the storyboard.
The production team give life
to the characters.
Voice it!
4 Discuss the questions.
1 The workers in a cartoon
production company usually
have a lot of patience. Why
do they need patience?
2 Are you a patient person or
not? Without patience, what
kind of problems may come
along?
After that, the artists add
colour to the characters,
and they draw the
background for each frame.
The production team give
life to the characters.
They use software to
create movements for the
characters.
Next, actors record the
dialogues, and the director
checks the recordings with
the pictures. Finally, it’s
time to record the sound
effects, background noises
and music for the film.
3
4
5
Actors record the dialogues.
Artists add colour.
Writers develop a story.
3 Read the article again. Answer
the questions.
1 How long can it take to
produce a cartoon film?
2 What should writers think
about to develop a story?
3 What do artists do to create
the storyboard?
4 How do the production team
give life to the characters?
That’s entertainment!
15
1 Correct the underlined
words in the sentences.
1 My little sister loves opera
performances. Her favourite
is ballet Swan Lake.
2 There’s a cartoon in town
this Sunday afternoon. I
can’t wait to see the rock
stars!
3 The stand-up comedy was
amazing. A scarf turned into
a white bird!
4 We’re going to see the new
TV show at the cinema
tomorrow evening.
2 Decide if the sentences are
predictions or intentions.
Then complete each sentence
with the words in brackets.
Use the correct form of will or
be going to.
1 Wu Fei (take part in)
the School Talent Show
tomorrow. But she
(not sing) Beijing opera.
Language in action
Vocabulary
3 Complete the text. Use the verbs
in the box with the correct form
of will, be going to or the present
simple for future.
play be stay perform last
WRAP UP
2 Sara and Jim (not
watch) the magic show. I’m
sure they (regret)!
3 A: What you
(do) this evening?
B: I (see) a show at City
Hall.
4 A: Mark (come)
to the party?
B: I’m not sure. But Linda
(join) us. She just said yes.
There’s a music festival tomorrow.
It
1 four hours. Some
of my favourite bands and
singers
2 . All my friends
3 there. We’re all excited!
However, my little brother fell ill
this morning, and my parents were
both busy. After thinking carefully,
I decided not to go to the festival.
Instead, I
4 at home, taking
care of my brother. It’s a difficult
decision, but my family always
comes first! After all, I’m sure my
favourite bands
5 at the
music festival next year!
16
Unit 1
Learn to manage your time
1 Study the chart of Tim’s daily
activities on Saturday and
answer the questions.
1 What percentage of the day
does Tim spend on studying?
And on entertainment?
2 Is he getting enough sleep?
3 What changes do you think
Tim can make to his day?
3 Compare your chart with your
partner’s. Discuss your time
management habits.
You spend 40 per cent of the day
studying. That’s a lot!
Well, I don’t get enough sleep …
2 Use the sample chart as a guide
to create your own 24-hour
time management chart.
Make sure:
· you include most of your daily
activities
· you convert the number of
hours for each activity into a
percentage of the day
· the total percentage adds up
to 100%.
LEARN
TO LEARN
It’s important to manage your time to
achieve success in both your academic
and personal life.
Meeting up
with friends
10%
Doing
housework 5%
Modelling
5%
Sports
5%
Others
10%
Sleeping
25%
Studying
15%
Entertainment
25%
Tim’s day
Self-assessment
I can name some forms of entertainment in English.
I can use will and be going to to talk about predictions and
intentions, and use the present simple to talk about scheduled
events in the future.
I can make polite refusals in an appropriate way.
I can write a book review.
I can give examples of entertainment around the world.
That’s entertainment!
17
Learning outcomes
In this unit, let’s explore history. After
completing the unit, you will be able to:
· use some new words and expressions to
describe the development of events.
· use the past simple and indefinite
pronouns.
· ask and answer questions about past
experiences.
· write an article about a historical figure.
· talk about some important past events
and their influence.
Making
history
2
Start it!
Look at the picture. What do you know about this object?
18
Unit 2
Development of events
1 Read the historical facts 1–6. Then
match the words and expressions
in bold with the definitions a–f.
2 Put the historical facts in Activity 1 in
the correct order. Listen and check.
Use it!
3 Complete the quiz about past events with the words and expressions
in bold in Activity 1. Discuss your answers with your partner.
Did you know …?
a to start happening
b to have an effect on or change
the way someone or something
develops, behaves or thinks
c to develop over time and become
a particular kind of thing
d to cause something to happen
e to stop happening or finish
f to happen
1 World War II the formation of the United Nations
because countries wanted peace.
2 In 776 BCE, the first ancient Olympics in ancient Greece.
However, it in 394 CE because a Roman ruler didn’t like it.
3 More than 5,000 years ago, the Liangzhu Culture from
several small groups. But over time, it an important culture.
4 The Nile River provided food and land for farming to ancient
Egypt. It the development of the kingdom greatly.
1
The Roman Empire
influenced other
countries with its
buildings and language –
Latin.
2
It grew into a rich and
powerful city during the
next few hundred years.
3
The Western Roman
Empire ended in the 5th
century CE.
4
Fighting took place all
over the Roman areas.
5
It led to the founding of
the Roman Empire.
6
Ancient Rome began in
753 BCE.
Get ready
Making history
19
Oral history
A Difficult
Journey
At the start of May 1935,
my comrades and I began
the Long March. We first
climbed high mountains. The
mountains were covered with
snow. We were short of food
and warm clothing, so our
progress was slow. The thin
air was also a problem.
1 Read the information
below and answer the
questions.
Long March Facts
Began: 1934
Ended: 1936
The longest journey
travelled by the Central
Red Army: 12,500 km
1 How long did the Long
March last?
2 How long was the longest
journey travelled by the
Central Red Army in the
Long March?
3 What else do you know
about the Long March?
2 Skim the passage and
discuss the question. What
does “we” refer to?
3 Read the passage. Check
your answer to Activity 2.
Read to learn
20
Unit 2
It wasn’t easy for the young and
healthy Red Army soldiers to
climb. For the sick and wounded,
it was even more difficult.
After the mountains, we arrived
in northwestern Sichuan Province.
Then the hardest part of the
journey began: crossing the great
grasslands. The grasslands were
very wet. This led to one soldier,
then another falling deep into the
marsh. Then another and another.
We learnt to use sticks to pull
each other out of the marsh. But
still, many soldiers fell into the
marsh and lost their lives.
With the help of my comrades,
I was lucky to complete the
mission. Losses, however, were
high. Of the twelve soldiers in my
team, eight didn’t make it through
to the end. They were laid to rest
in the snowy mountains and the
great grasslands.
21
Making history
Language in action 1
Past simple
Voice it!
6 Discuss the questions.
1 What is the spirit of the
Long March?
2 What can you learn from
the spirit?
1 Complete the examples in
the tables below. Use the
oral history on pages 20–21
to help you.
be (was / wasn’t, were / weren’t)
We
1 short of food and
warm clothing.
It
2 easy for the young
and healthy Red Army soldiers
to climb.
I
3 lucky to complete the
mission.
What
4 the grasslands like?
They
5 very wet.
Other verbs
Eight soldiers
6 it through
to the end.
What
7 the soldiers do
first?
They first
8 high mountains.
9 the narrator finish the
journey?
Yes, he
10 . But eight soldiers
in his team
11 the journey.
4 Read the sentences and
write T (true) or F (false).
1 The narrator climbed
mountains first.
2 The thin air in the
mountains was difficult
for the sick and wounded
soldiers only.
3 Climbing the mountains
was the hardest part of
the Long March.
4 The soldiers pulled each
other out of the marsh by
using sticks.
5 Eight soldiers in the narrator’s
team lost their lives.
5 Draw a mind map about
the journey. Use the
information to help you.
· the first part
· the second part
· problems
· result
22
Unit 2
2 Complete the answers to the questions. Use the past simple.
1 Did the soldiers begin the Long March in 1936?
, they . They the Long March in 1935.
2 Why was their progress slow?
It slow because they short of food and warm clothing.
3 Were the grasslands easy to cross?
, they . They difficult to cross.
4 How did the soldiers pull each other from the marsh?
They sticks.
3 Complete the text with the past simple form of the verbs in
brackets.
On 24 June 1893, Fridtjof Nansen
1 (set off) from
Oslo, Norway, on a ship with 12 other men. He
2 (want) to be the first person to reach the North
Pole. At first, everything
3 (go) well. However,
by September the weather
4 (be not) good.
After moving slowly for more than a year, Nansen
and another man
5 (leave) the ship to cross the
ice on dogsleds. But they
6 (meet) with many
difficulties and couldn’t continue. They
7 (build)
a small home and
8 (stay) there for more
than eight months. Finally, a British explorer met them. Nansen
9 (not reach) the North Pole, but his unusual experience
10
(influence) many future explorers.
Use it!
4 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about the Long March or
Fridtjof Nansen’s journey. Use the ideas in the box or your own ideas.
the date the weather
the challenges the result
When did Fridtjof Nansen leave?
He left on 24 June 1893.
Making history
23
1 Look at the pictures. What do
you know about these places?
2 Listen to an interview with
Alex. Order the places he
went in Activity 1.
3 Listen again and correct the
sentences.
1 Alex travelled alone.
2 Alex’s trip ended in Xi’an.
3 Alex saw gold coins from
ancient Egypt.
4 Alex visited five caves in the
Mogao Caves.
An interview
Mogao Caves
Xi’an
Danxia Rainbow Hills
Pronunciation
1 Listen and repeat.
/aI/ right time
/eI/ amazing place eight
2 Put the words in the correct place.
/aI/ and /eI/
afraid cave light wait
fly ride play may
/aI/
/eI/
Voice it!
4 Work in pairs. Find more
information about the Silk Road.
Then continue the interview.
Did you go anywhere else along the
Silk Road?
Yes. We also visited Lanzhou.
Back to the past
24
Unit 2
Listen up
Indefinite pronouns
1 Complete the examples in the table below. Use the interview to
help you. Listen and check.
2 Complete the conversations about the interview. Use the
indefinite pronouns in Activity 1.
1 A: Did Alex travel along the Silk Road with ?
B: Yes. He went with his cousin.
2 A: What did Alex think of Xi’an?
B: He loved it. He thought there was amazing.
3 A: Did Alex see interesting in Xi’an?
B: Yes, he did. He saw gold coins from the Eastern Roman Empire.
4 A: Alex visited in Gansu Province. Where did he go?
B: He went to the Danxia Rainbow Hills and the Mogao Caves.
People
Things
Places
someone (somebody)
everyone (everybody)
no one (nobody)
anyone (anybody)
something
everything
1
anything
2
3
nowhere
4
Tell me
5 about your trip along the Silk Road!
Did you go
6 else?
I think
7 should go there.
Making history
25
Language in action 2
Use it!
4 Put the words in the correct
order to make questions. Ask
and answer with your partner.
1 visit / is / anywhere / there /
along the ancient Silk Road /
want to / you / ?
2 in your history class / learn / you /
anything / did / interesting / ?
3 your city’s history / about / does /
you / anyone / tell / ?
3 Complete the text with the
words in the box.
5 Write sentences about the
following topics. Share them
with your partner.
1 Everyone in my family:
2 Everywhere in my school:
3 Something I really want to do:
4 Someone I know:
everybody something
anything everything
someone
Everyone in my family likes
Sichuan food. Your turn!
Everyone in my family is energetic;
we do sport every day.
I’m having a great time in
Beijing! Yesterday, I visited
the Palace Museum, and I
experienced
1
really special: the Chinese
painting Along the River During
the Qingming Festival. It
shows the life in Bianjing, the
capital of the Northern Song
Dynasty. In the museum,
2 showed me a
digital copy of this painting.
3 in the copy is
about 20 times larger than
the original painting. Visitors
can step inside the painting
and experience the 12th-
century life in China. I never
saw
4 like it
before. It’s amazing! I think
5 should have an
experience like this!
Unit 2
26
1 Listen to the conversation. Where did
Carla’s grandpa live 50 years ago?
2 Complete the conversation with the
help of the Useful language box. Listen
and check.
CARLA
Where did you live 50
years ago, Grandpa?
GRANDPA I lived in Wales.
1
CARLA
How so?
GRANDPA Well, there wasn’t a TV
or a computer in the
house. We didn’t even
have a toilet indoors.
CARLA
Sounds hard!
2
Talk about life
in the past
Speak out
How so? Sounds hard! you know
Everyday English
4 Work in pairs. Practise the
conversation.
5 Ask your family about their
lives in the past. Share them
with your class.
My grandpa lived in a small village
many years ago. Life was very hard.
GRANDPA Well, I got up early to feed
the sheep. After school, I
helped out on the farm.
CARLA
3 fun?
GRANDPA Yes. I went hiking with
friends. Wales has beautiful
mountains, you know.
CARLA
It sounds like life was
harder back then.
GRANDPA Yes, it was.
4
3 Look at the Everyday English
box. Find and underline
the expressions in the
conversation.
What was a typical day like for you? Did you have any time for …?
But it was also simpler / cheaper / more successful.
Life back then was very different / interesting / easy.
Useful language
Making history
27
Write about a historical figure
1 Look at the pictures. Who do you think the person is? Do you
know anything about him? Read the article and check your ideas.
1 Charles Darwin was an English naturalist and
biologist. He was interested in everything
about natural science, such as rocks, plants
and animals. To find out more, he left
England for a scientific research voyage.
2 In 1831, Darwin began his voyage. During the
journey, he studied different kinds of living things. Then he
noticed something interesting: some animals were very similar
to each other. But why? For the next few years, Darwin worked
hard to find out the reason. Later, he concluded the idea: those
animals came from a common ancestor.
3 Darwin’s findings led to his famous
book On the Origin of
Species. It showed a brand-
new idea: living things can
change over time, and new
forms of life come from pre-
existing ones. As a result,
people’s understanding of life
changed greatly.
An article
A Great Man
28
Unit 2
Write now
2 Choose the correct answers.
1 In Paragraph 1, I learn
about . In Paragraph 2,
I learn about .
a. the things Charles
Darwin did
b. the general information
about Charles Darwin
2 Paragraph tells me
about how Charles Darwin
influenced people.
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3
3 Read the article again and
write T (true) or F (false).
1 Charles Darwin lost
interest in natural science,
so he left England.
2 Darwin mainly studied rocks
during the journey.
3 He wrote On the Origin of
Species in 1831.
4 Darwin thought living
things can change over
time.
4 Look at the Useful language
box. Find and underline the
words and expressions in
the article.
Write your own article about a
historical figure.
PLAN
5 Choose a historical figure.
Do some research on the
person. Make notes about
the information you need for
each paragraph. Use Activity 2
to help you.
WRITE
6 Write your article. Remember
to include three paragraphs
and use the past simple,
indefinite pronouns and
words and expressions from
the Useful language box.
CHECK
7 Do you ...?
· use the past simple to talk
about the past
· include three paragraphs in
your article
· explain what the person did
then later
during the journey
for the next few years
as a result
Useful language
Making history
29
Treasures Around the World
1 Discuss the questions.
1 What do you know about the
objects in the pictures?
2 Where can you see these
objects?
A historical objects
display
THE HISTORY
PROJECT
3 What information is important for
learning about historical objects?
2 Read the texts. Then read the
sentences and write T (tree),
M (mirror) or L (lamp).
1 It has nine birds on it.
2 It’s black, but you can see things
in it.
3 Its owner might be rich.
4 It had different uses.
5 Its real purpose is unknown.
1600 BCE to 1046 BCE, China
This bronze tree was found in Sanxingdui Ruins in
Sichuan Province. The tree is almost 4 metres tall.
It looks like a great tree, rising from a three-sided
mountain. It has three levels on the trunk, and each
level has three branches. The branches point to different
directions, and each one has a bird standing on it.
Nobody knows exactly the real purpose of the tree.
BRONZE SACRED TREE
Around 6200 BCE, Türkiye
This is one of the oldest mirrors in the world. It was
found in an old city in southeastern Türkiye. The mirror is
made from a special black stone called obsidian. It shows
the well-developed skills of ancient people. In ancient times, people used
mirrors to look at themselves, start fires and for other purposes.
OBSIDIAN MIRROR
30
Unit 2
Create your own historical objects
display.
PLAN
3 Work in groups. Choose
three historical objects. Then
complete the steps below.
· Decide on the object that each
student will research.
· Research your object and
write a short text to use in the
display.
· Find a photo or draw a picture
of your object.
· Read each other’s texts and
give feedback.
· Make any changes or
improvements.
· Work in your group and make
your display.
PRESENT
4 Put your display on your classroom
walls. Remember to follow the
tips in the How to box and include
correct facts, photos or pictures,
and an attractive design.
CHECK
5 Look at your classmates’
displays. Do they explain the
historical objects well? Give
feedback to other groups on
their displays.
Around 79
CE, Italy
This oil
lamp was
found in
the city of Pompeii. It is in the
shape of a foot. Bronze objects
were expensive to make, so this
lamp probably belonged to a
rich family.
Pompeii was an ancient Roman
city. In 79 CE, the volcano
Mount Vesuvius erupted, and
ash covered the whole city. Lots
of things were buried. One of
them was this lamp.
BRONZE LAMP
How to give feedback
Put the tips in the correct
order.
Point out things that need
improvement and make
suggestions.
Say what you like about the
work.
Read the piece of work.
Think about any areas
that need improvement
(the language, facts,
organisation, design and
pictures, etc).
Making history
31
Language in action
2 Complete the sentences with
the past simple form of the
verbs in brackets.
1 The boys (take) a map of
the old town with them.
2 We (enjoy) listening to
the poems about the buried
treasures.
3 The kids (read) the story
about the Long March carefully.
4 Simon (write) diaries
about his journey in Egypt.
5 My grandparents’ early life
(be) very difficult.
WRAP UP
Vocabulary
There was
1 something /
everything amazing to see in the
museum! But I knew
2 nothing /
something about their history.
Luckily, I got a guidebook
from the museum. Inside was
3 everything / nothing I wanted
to know. The volunteers were
helpful, too.
4 Everybody /
Nobody listened to them
carefully. I spent four hours in
the museum. Then I was very
hungry. However, there was
5 everywhere / nowhere open
in town to eat.
6 Everywhere /
Somewhere was closed!
3 Circle the correct words.
1 The ancient Silk Road
in Chang’an (Xi’an), China.
2 Different forms of trade
along the route.
3 Trade cultural
exchanges among countries.
4 Therefore, small villages
big towns.
5 Later, sea transport
became more popular, so
communication along the
ancient Silk Road almost
for a long time.
6 However, the ancient
Silk Road the
languages and cultures of
many countries.
1 Complete the sentences with
the correct form of the words
and expressions in the box.
take place end grow into
influence begin lead to
32
Unit 2
Learn to make good use
of available resources
Being able to find, identify and use resources
is important to effective learning.
LEARN
TO LEARN
1 Circle the answers that are
true for you. Discuss them
with your partner.
When I decide to study a
topic, I usually …
a rely on the textbooks in
class.
b ask my teachers or
classmates for help.
c search for information
on the internet.
d check out books on the
topic in the library.
2 Read the text on page 88.
Discuss the questions with a
partner.
1 How did Mia get an overview
of the topic?
2 Why did she focus on
websites with “.gov”, “.edu”
or “.org” domains?
3 What other resources did
Mia use?
3 Imagine you are going to do a
project on the Tang Dynasty.
How would you find the
information you need? Discuss
it with a partner.
How about watching a documentary?
Good idea! We can also check out
books on …
Self-assessment
I can use different words and expressions to describe the
development of events.
I can use the past simple to talk about the past.
I can use indefinite pronouns to refer to people or things
generally.
I can ask and answer about past experiences in an appropriate
way.
I can write an article about a historical figure.
I can talk about some important past events and their influence.
Resources p88
Making history
33
Learning outcomes
In this unit, let’s explore stories. After
completing the unit, you will be able to:
· use some new words to describe feelings.
· use the past simple and past continuous.
· ask for and give opinions.
· write a story.
· tell some classic stories from China and abroad.
What’s
the story?
3
Start it!
· Look at the picture. What is the girl doing?
· Does she enjoy the activity?
Unit 3
34
2 Complete the sentences with the
adjectives in Activity 1.
1 Sam is of sleeping alone
in the dark after reading the
story about a dangerous snake.
2 At the beginning of the story,
Bruno didn’t have many friends.
He was .
3 The mother was about
her sick child.
4 The company is going to produce
a film based on my favourite
book. I’m really !
5 I’m . This book isn’t very
interesting.
6 He felt before the
meeting with his boss and
stayed awake half the night.
Use it!
3 Choose an adjective in Activity 1.
Describe a time when you feel
like that.
I was angry with my brother once. He
forced his opinion about my project
down my throat!
1 Circle the adjectives to describe
the people in the pictures a–e.
Listen, check and repeat.
Feelings
bored / afraid
e
Get ready
Explore it!
Guess the correct answer.
Hamlet is a .
a poem b novel c play
Find another interesting fact
about stories. Write a question
for your partner to answer.
angry / sad
lonely / nervous
surprised / worried
excited / tired
c
d
a
b
What’s the story?
35
Read to learn
1 Read the introduction and
discuss the questions.
2 Look at the title and the
picture. What do you think
the fable is about?
3 Read the fable. Check your
answer to the question in
Activity 2.
36
Unit 3
Two men were travelling
through a forest. The first
man was feeling worried
about meeting a bear. The
second man laughed and
said, “I’m not afraid of
bears! I fought off bears in
the past.” They continued
on their journey.
They were walking together.
Suddenly, a huge bear
jumped out of the trees.
The second man quickly
A fable
Aesop’s fables
Aesop was a writer
from ancient Greece.
He wrote a lot of short
stories called fables.
The main characters
in the fables are often
animals, but they act
like humans. The fables
usually teach readers
lessons or morals.
1 What is special about fables?
2 Why do you think Aesop’s
fables are still important
today?
Two Men and
a Bear
What’s the story?
37
climbed up a tree. The first man was left on the ground. He
was feeling very nervous.
The bear was coming closer and closer. Then the first man
remembered something about the animal’s behaviour: bears
don’t touch dead things. He quickly fell to the ground and
played dead. The bear came right up to him, and the first man
was holding his breath. The bear just touched his head with
its nose, and then it walked away!
The man in the tree was surprised. He climbed down
and asked, “Was the bear saying anything to you?”
His friend was very angry and replied, “Yes, it was.
The bear was giving me some very good advice!”
“What’s the advice?” asked the second man.
“A true friend never leaves you alone in
danger!” said the first man.
Voice it!
6 Discuss the questions.
1 What is the moral of the
fable?
2 In your opinion, what
makes a true friendship?
3 What other fables do you
know?
4 Read the fable again.
Answer the questions.
1 How did the two men feel
about bears at the start of
the fable?
2 What did the second man
do when they came across
a bear?
3 What did the first man do?
4 What happened to the
first man at last?
5 Retell the fable. Use the
thinking map to organise
your ideas.
1 Complete the examples in the
tables below. Use the fable
on pages 36–37 to help you.
Past continuous
was / wasn’t
The first man 1 holding
his breath.
The first man 2 feeling
happy. He was very angry.
3 the bear saying
anything to you?
Yes, it 4 .
Language in action 1
were / weren’t
They 5 walking together.
They 6 hiding in the tree
together.
7 they travelling through
a forest?
Yes, they 8 .
Two men were
travelling together ...
Before
they
saw the
bear
When
they
met the
bear
After
the
bear
left
38
Unit 3
Use it!
4 Think of true sentences about
things you were doing at the
following times. Use the activities
in the box or your own ideas.
Then compare your sentences
with your partner’s.
· at … o’clock yesterday
morning / afternoon / evening
· at … o’clock last Monday /
Tuesday
· this time two days / months /
years ago
· this time last week / month / year
2 Complete the sentences with
was / were or wasn’t / weren’t.
1 The second man
travelling alone. He
travelling with his friend.
2 Before the bear jumped out,
the men climbing up a
tree. They walking.
3 The first man played dead
because the bear
coming closer and closer.
4 A: the man in the tree
feeling surprised?
B: Yes, he .
3 Complete the story with the
past continuous form of the
verbs in brackets.
chat to friends read a book
do my homework cook sleep
have breakfast / lunch / dinner
play basketball / football
walk home / to school
A group of animals 1 (talk)
about their abilities. One of them
asked a hare, “Can you run fast?” The
hare nodded and said proudly, “Yes!”
Then a tortoise offered to race him.
At first, the hare 2 (run) very fast
and the tortoise 3 (move) very slowly.
The hare was soon near the finishing line.
The other animals 4 (not watch), so he
stopped for a rest. He soon fell asleep. But
5 (be) the tortoise 6 (take) a
break, too? No, he wasn’t! He continued
to walk. The hare woke up too late.
All the other animals 7 (shout)
loudly – the tortoise won the race!
At 8 o’clock yesterday
morning, I was having
breakfast. What about you?
I wasn’t having breakfast.
I was cleaning my teeth.
What’s the story?
39
Listen up
A radio programme
1 Discuss the questions.
1 What fantasy stories do you
know? Give examples.
2 What are some typical
features of fantasy stories?
2 Look at the picture. Think
about the story and words
you might hear. Listen and
check your answers.
3 Listen again. Put the events
in the correct order.
Pronunciation
1 Listen and repeat.
1. September
2. blackboard
3. started to
4. jumped down
5. a big dog
2 Circle the plosives with no
audible release. Listen, check and repeat.
1. She was thinking about what she could do.
2. She slept badly.
3. They collected stamps.
4. Science fiction is in fact the mother of invention.
Plosives with no audible release
LEARNING TIPS
Using your knowledge
Before you listen, think about what
you already know about the topic and
the words you might hear.
Alice saw a White Rabbit.
The Rabbit jumped down
a hole.
Alice ran after the Rabbit.
Alice was tired and bored.
Alice fell down a hole.
Voice it!
4 Work in pairs. Take turns to
tell the story.
Alice was feeling tired and bored.
story time!
She saw a White Rabbit. It
dressed like a gentleman …
40
Unit 3
Language in action 2
1 Complete the examples in the table below. Use the radio
programme to help you. Listen and check.
2 Complete the sentences with the past simple or past continuous
form of the verbs in brackets.
1 While Alice (consider) what to do, she (see) a
White Rabbit.
2 The White Rabbit (check) its watch when Alice
(notice) it.
3 Alice (run) across the field when the Rabbit
(jump) down a hole.
Past simple and past continuous
past continuous
past simple
We can use when / while + past continuous for a longer action in progress.
We use when + past simple for a shorter action that interrupts a longer one.
Get it right!
She was thinking about what to do when a White Rabbit with pink
eyes 1 past.
While she 2 across the field, the Rabbit suddenly jumped
down a big hole.
What’s the story?
41
5 Work in pairs. Take turns to say a
sentence to continue and finish
the story below. Use the past
simple and past continuous.
Use it!
4 Complete the conversations
with the past continuous. Then
change the answers so they are
true for you.
1 A: Were you playing football at
8:00 pm last night?
B: ✓ Yes, I was.
2 A: What were you doing at
7:00 am this morning?
B: (run in the park)
3 A: Were you listening to music
when your parents arrived
home?
B: ✗ (do homework)
4 A: What was your dad doing when
you left home this morning?
B: (wash the dishes)
3 Complete the text with the
words in the box. Use the past
simple or past continuous.
tell row come publish
hear feel send ask
It is said that Lewis Carroll
1 a boat with three
young girls when he
2
up with the idea for Alice’s
Adventures in Wonderland.
The girls were the daughters
of his good friend Henry
Liddell.
During the journey, Carroll
3 the girls a fantasy
story. The main character’s
name was Alice. It’s the
same name as one of the
girls in the boat. Alice Liddell
4 very excited when
she
5 that. She
6 Carroll to write the
story down for her. Two
years later, Carroll
7
Alice Liddell the story. In
1865, he
8 Alice’s
Adventures in Wonderland.
I was walking to school this morning
when I saw an old man with silver hair.
Many people were waiting for the bus,
but they didn't see the old man …
42
Unit 3
1 Listen to the conversation. What books do they
talk about? What are their opinions?
2 Complete the conversation with the help of the
Useful language box. Listen and check.
3 Look at the Everyday English
box. Find and underline the
expressions in the
conversation.
Maybe I’ll check it out. Yep!
I’ll give it a go.
Everyday English
Share opinions about books
LAURA Hey, David! Did you read
Charlotte’s Web?
DAVID No, I didn’t.
1
those kinds of stories.
LAURA Well,
2
Charlotte is wise and kind.
Her friendship with the pig
Wilbur is truly heartwarming.
DAVID Maybe I’ll check it out.
LAURA Did you read any great books?
DAVID Yep! I just finished reading
The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien.
LAURA
3
DAVID Yes! It’s so exciting and
imaginative.
LAURA
4 the characters?
DAVID They’re amazing,
especially Bilbo Baggins.
He shows me the power
of courage.
LAURA That sounds like a great
read. I’ll give it a go.
4 Work in pairs. Practise the
conversation.
5 Work in pairs. Talk about the
books you’ve read.
I really like The Happy Prince.
Me too. The prince is both
handsome and kind-hearted …
Useful language
What do you think of …? I’m not really into …
Do you like it? I think it’s really touching / sad / scary.
What’s the story?
43
Speak out
Write a story
1 Look at the title and the picture. What do you think the story is
about? Read the story and check your answer.
Unit 3
44
Write now
I came to this school two months ago. But I still remember clearly
my first day.
While I was walking to the school, a boy on a bike greeted me,
“Good morning, Ling!” Did I know him?
I was thinking about this when a girl suddenly called from a
passing bus, “Hi, Ling!” Who was she?
At the school gate, a girl said, “Hey, Ling! How was
your summer?” It was very strange!
Just then, a girl to my right turned and replied to
her. She looked just like me!
We looked at each other in surprise, and then we
laughed together.
Ling is my best friend now. What a happy mistake!
A happy mistake
By Li Ying
A story
2 Put the events in the
correct order.
Two more strangers
mistook her for
someone else.
Li Ying was walking to
the school.
Li Ying got a new friend.
A boy greeted her with
a wrong name.
Li Ying realised the
reason why they made
the mistake.
3 Read the story again.
Answer the questions.
1 When the strangers
called Li Ying “Ling”, how
did she feel?
2 Why did the strangers
make the mistake?
3 What did Li Ying think of
the mistake?
4 Look at the Useful
language box. Find and
underline the sequencing
words in the story.
two months ago
just then now
Useful language
Write your own story.
PLAN
5 Think about a time when
something interesting, funny
or surprising happened to
you. Make notes about these
things.
1 What was happening before
the main events started:
What happened first:
2 The main events of the story:
3 What happened in the end:
WRITE
6 Write your story. Remember
to use the past simple and
past continuous, sequencing
words and the vocabulary
from this unit.
CHECK
7 Do you …?
· use the words from the
Useful language box or other
sequencing words
· explain the main events
· explain what happened in
the end
45
What’s the story?
1 Look at the picture. What do
you think the myth is about?
Read the myth and check
your answer.
ABOUT OUR
WORLD
Long ago, there was a girl
named Nüwa. She was the
daughter of Emperor Yan.
She loved playing in the
Eastern Sea. One day, while
Nüwa was playing in the sea,
a lightning storm suddenly
lit up the sky, followed by
loud thunder. The waves
grew very big and strong,
and soon, they took her
away with them. As a result,
Nüwa’s spirit turned into a
bird. The bird flew above
the sea, calling out sadly,
“Jingwei! Jingwei!” It was
how Jingwei got her name.
Jingwei hated the sea for
taking her life. She was so
angry that she decided to fill
up the sea. She carried plants
and stones from the Western
Mountains to the Eastern Sea.
Day after day, Jingwei worked
tirelessly, never resting.
trying to fill up the sea
A Chinese myth
Jingwei
46
Unit 3
2 Read the myth again. Answer
the questions.
1 How did Jingwei get her name?
2 How did she feel after the sea
took her life?
3 What did she try to do?
4 What did the Eastern Sea think
of Jingwei’s action? How did
Jingwei react?
4 Find phrasal verbs in the myth
showing the meanings below.
1 to shout something
2 to become something
3 to say something bad to someone
and make them feel silly or
unimportant
4 to stop making an effort
5 Think of your own sentences with
the phrasal verbs in Activity 4. Say
your sentences but don’t say the
phrasal verbs. Ask your partner to
guess the phrasal verbs.
Voice it!
3 Work in pairs. Discuss the
questions.
1 What can you learn from Jingwei?
2 What do you think of Jingwei’s
idea of filling up the sea?
3 Would you do the same thing if
you were Jingwei?
LEARNING TIPS
Phrasal verbs
A phrasal verb combines a verb with an
adverb or a preposition. A phrasal verb
has a new meaning, which is different to
the verb on its own.
For example: carry (verb) + on (preposition)
= carry on (to keep doing something)
One day, while Jingwei was
carrying a stone, the Eastern Sea
put her down. It said, “Silly little
bird, you’re trying to fill me up,
aren’t you? What a crazy idea!”
Jingwei replied, “I’m not afraid!
I’ll fill you up no matter what!
Even if it takes me thousands of
years, I won’t stop!”
And so, Jingwei continued with
her plan to fill up the Eastern
Sea. Again and again, she flew
between the mountains and the
sea. No matter what the sea said
to her, Jingwei never gave up.
Water … ice when the
weather is cold.
Is it “turns into”?
What’s the story?
47
1 Circle the correct words.
1 Elsa felt afraid / angry when
the lights went off.
2 I can’t believe I won the first
prize! I’m really excited /
nervous.
3 Call a friend when you feel
tired / lonely and want to talk.
4 Sam is worried / surprised
because his dad isn’t feeling
well.
5 I’m never bored / excited.
There’s always something to do.
6 The kids were very worried /
sad to hear about Miss Green’s
death. They couldn’t help
crying.
2 Join the words and expressions
to make sentences. Use the
past continuous.
1 you / wear / jeans / yesterday
morning?
2 what / they / do / last
Saturday at 7:00 pm?
3 Complete the text with the past
simple or past continuous form
of the verbs in brackets.
Vocabulary
WRAP UP
Language in action
Bai Yang
1 (study)
at high school when she
2
(write) her first novel.
She
3 (post) her book
online. She
4 (feel)
surprised when she
5
(find) that lots of young people
6 (read) her story. Two
years later, it had millions of
reads on the website and it
7 (win) a prize in a
competition.
When Bai Yang
8 (leave)
school, she
9 (go)
to university. She
10
(complete) two more books
while she
11 (do) a
physics course. Months ago, a
TV company
12 (make)
her first novel into a film.
3 Lydia / work / at 10:00 pm
last night.
4 Ollie and Brad / cook / an
hour ago.
5 Liu Tao / clean the windows /
when / his brother / call.
48
Unit 3
Learn to guess the
missing words
1 Read the following sentences.
Can you guess what the
missing words are? Discuss
them with a partner.
You can help your partner learn vocabulary by writing
sentences with missing words for them to guess.
3 Show your sentences to your
partner. Ask him or her to
guess the missing words.
2 Choose three words from the
box as missing words. Write
three sentences like the
sentences in Activity 1.
LEARN
TO LEARN
4 Discuss the questions with
your partner.
1 What kind of method can you
use to guess the missing words?
2 Why is it a good idea to learn
words in sentences?
surprised tired worried
afraid nervous sad angry
Is it an adjective?
Yes, I think so. Maybe it’s “worried”.
No. I think it’s “happy”.
We can look at the words before
or after the missing words.
Yes. We can also …
1 I was because
my football team were winning.
2 The boy felt when
the teacher talked about
something he wasn't interested in.
Self-assessment
I can use different adjectives to describe feelings.
I can understand the difference between the past simple and
past continuous, and use them to talk about the past.
I can ask for and give opinions in an appropriate way.
I can write a story.
I can tell some classic stories from China and abroad.
What’s the story?
49
Learning outcomes
In this unit, let’s explore the role money
plays in human life. After completing
the unit, you will be able to:
· use some verbs to talk about money
matters.
· use comparatives and superlatives, too,
too much, too many and (not) enough +
noun.
· make and respond to a request.
· write an opinion essay about views on
money.
· talk about your attitude towards money.
The best
things in life
are free
4
Start it!
· Look at the picture. How are the boys feeling?
· What makes you feel the same way?
50
Unit 4
3 Complete the sentences with
the similar words in each pair.
1 You (pay / cost) for things
you buy. The things you buy
(pay / cost) you some
money.
2 People (spend / save)
money to buy things in the
future. They (spend / save)
money in a shop or online.
a
d
e
f
b
c
Verbs about money
Guess the correct answer.
There are languages on China’s
banknotes.
a four b five c six
Find another interesting fact about
money. Write a question for your partner.
Explore it!
2 Listen and write the correct
verb from Activity 1 for each
situation. Sometimes there is
more than one possible answer.
1
4
2
5
3
6
1 What do the verbs in bold
mean? Match the sentences
1–6 with the pictures a–f.
1 Don’t worry. I can pay for
you, too.
2 Don’t spend your money on
more video games. Save it
for something you need.
3 Friendships don’t cost money.
They’re free!
4 I want to earn money, so
I wash cars for my
neighbours.
5 I don’t use this bike
anymore. I can sell it for
some pocket money.
6 A: Could you lend me
some money?
B: How much do you want
to borrow?
Get ready
Similar words
Many words have similar meanings. Think of
ways to help you understand the differences.
For example:
You lend money to someone. (It’s yours.)
You borrow money from someone. (It isn’t yours.)
LEARNING TIPS
The best things in life are free
51
Read to learn
1 Look at the pictures. What
do you think the man did?
2 Read the headline of the
newspaper article. What
do you think the article is
mainly about? Choose from
the summaries below.
a A man spent three years
changing his poor life.
b A man lived without
money for three years.
3 Read the article and check
your answer to Activity 2.
Unit 4
52
Mark had a good job, and he earned
enough money. One day, a friend
challenged him to live without
Can you imagine living for
a day without money?
Mark Boyle, from Ireland,
did that for three years.
A newspaper article
A
different
life
53
The best things in life are free
money. Mark decided to give it a try. He sold his home, and he went to
live in a caravan on a farm.
The first few months were the worst. Without money, even the simplest
things were difficult. Mark couldn’t buy food or travel easily. He found
wasted food and wild food, and he grew his own food. He cooked
outside, and he enjoyed the natural world. He walked and rode his bike
everywhere, so he was healthier and fitter than he was before.
After three years without money, Mark returned to a life with money. So,
which kind of life did he enjoy more? Mark chose the life without money.
He was happier and he felt more alive than before. More importantly, he
learnt a valuable lesson from the
experience: Happiness didn’t
come from money. It came
from the relationships with
the people, plants and animals
around him. As a result, he was
richer than ever!
Language in action 1
Comparatives and superlatives
We can use than after comparatives. For example: Going by train is always cheaper than by car.
We normally use the before a superlative. For example: This hotel is the cheapest in town.
Get it right!
Voice it!
6 Discuss the questions.
1 Why was Mark “richer than ever”?
2 Would you like to experience
life without money for some
time? Give your reasons.
1 Complete the examples in the table below. Use the newspaper
article on pages 52–53 to help you.
Adjectives /
Adverbs
Comparatives
Superlatives
One-syllable words;
two-syllable words end
in –y
rich
1
richest
fit
2
fittest
healthy
3
healthiest
Two-syllable words or
more; adverbs end in –ly
alive
4
most alive
importantly
5
most importantly
Irregular
bad
worse
6
much
7
most
4 Read the article again and
answer the questions.
1 Where did Mark live after he
sold his own home?
2 Which things were difficult
for Mark at first?
3 How did Mark overcome the
difficulties?
4 How did Mark feel after three
years without money?
5 Draw a mind map about
Mark’s life without money.
Use Activity 4 to help you.
54
Unit 4
The Chinese New Year is one of
1 (important) holidays in
China. However, it doesn’t have to
be
2 (expensive)!
pay in cash / pay by mobile phone
shopping in a market / shopping in
a shopping centre / shopping online
2 Complete the sentences with
the comparative or superlative
form of the words in brackets.
1 Without money, even the
(simple) things were
difficult for Mark.
2 Mark enjoyed his life without
money (much) than life
with money.
3 Mark thought relationships with
others were (important)
than money.
3 Complete the text with the comparative or superlative form of
the words in brackets.
Use it!
4 Choose a topic from the box or
use your own. Discuss it with a
partner. Use comparatives and
superlatives.
Paying by mobile phone is more
convenient than paying in cash, but ...
Thanks to the power of technology,
people can now send New Year
greetings
3 (easily) and at a
4 (low) cost than ever before.
Designing an e-card is probably
one of
5 (creative) ways to
say “Happy New Year!” It costs
6 (little) money than buying
a paper card, too.
Also, people can experience New
Year traditions around China
7
(conveniently) than before. For
example, they can watch free live
shows of dragon dances or rice
cake making at home. That’s
8 (cheap) than travelling.
,
55
The best things in life are free
Listen up
1 Discuss the questions with
a partner.
1 What kinds of jobs mainly
help and care for others?
2 What do you think is the
most important part of a job?
3 Listen again. Write A (Amy),
D (Dandan) or N (Nick).
Who …?
a studies and works
b isn’t working now
c sometimes doesn’t have lunch
d learns some life-saving skills
e sells second-hand things
f enjoys making people feel
happier
Voice it!
4 Work in pairs. Take turns to be
an interviewer and one of the
speakers above. Use the ideas
below to do an interview.
Job:
Main duty:
How long you work per day:
How you think of the job:
2 Listen and match the speakers
with their jobs. There is one
extra job.
Amy Dandan Nick
a lifeguard
c volunteer
b nurse
d vet
1 Listen and repeat.
/ / owner better
2 Listen and repeat the sentences.
1. My sister’s a firefighter.
2. My mother looks happier today.
3. Life is better when you’re healthier.
Schwa at the end of words
Identifying key information
When you are matching people with
information, check key words before
you listen. This helps you to focus on
the information you need.
LEARNING TIPS
Pronunciation
Monologues
56
Unit 4
too, too much, too many, (not) enough + noun
1 Complete the examples in the table. Use the monologues to help
you. Listen and check.
2 Read the sentences about the people in the monologues. Circle
the correct words.
1 Amy thinks she has got too much / too many / enough time to do
helpful things.
2 Amy thinks people have got too much / too many / enough clothes.
3 Dandan can’t have lunch sometimes because she is too / too much /
too many busy.
4 Nick has enough / too much / too many time to study.
Language in action 2
too + adjective
The job is too
1 .
too much + uncountable
noun
Sometimes, I’ve got too much
2 .
too many + plural countable
noun
There are too many
3
in the hospital.
(not) enough + noun
I don’t even have enough
4 for lunch.
57
The best things in life are free
3 Complete the text with the
expressions in the box.
Use it!
4 Underline and correct one
mistake in each sentence.
Do you agree with the opinions?
1 In my opinion, actors earn too
many money.
2 I think students are much
young to do a caring job.
3 A lot of people spend enough
time on screens. They should
donate some of their time to
community service.
4 Some volunteers haven’t
got too many skills for
their work. They should
receive training.
Many dog owners in my town are
1 to walk their dogs. So, last
year I became a volunteer dog
walker. I chose this job because
I love dogs. However, my home
is
2 to keep a dog. Also, I
didn’t get
3 before, so dog
walking is a great way to keep fit.
Sometimes the dog owners didn’t
have
4 to feed or wash the
dogs, and I helped them.
The best thing: I can spend time
with dogs, and it doesn’t take up
5 .
The worst thing: There are
6
outdoors on Saturdays, and there
isn’t
7 for the dogs to play.
Also, some dogs are just
8 !
enough exercise
too small
too many people
too busy
enough time
too naughty
too much time
enough space
5 Imagine a day doing your dream
job. Make notes. Then compare
your notes with your partner’s.
What the job is:
The best thing:
The worst thing:
My dream job is to be a firefighter. I
can help people and learn many useful
skills. But I may spend too much time
on training. I may not have enough
time to be with my family.
58
Unit 4
Ask for money
1 Listen to the conversation. Why does Lily
need some more money?
2 Complete the conversation with the help of
the Useful language box. Listen and check.
3 Look at the Everyday English
box. Find and underline
the expressions in the
conversation.
4 Work in pairs. Practise the
conversation.
5 Work in pairs. Act out a
conversation about making a
request. You may use the notes
below or use your own ideas.
MUM Here’s your pocket money, Lily.
LILY
Thanks!
1 giving me ten more?
MUM Why?
LILY
I want to buy a bag. But I haven’t got enough money.
MUM You’ve got too many bags!
2 buy more.
LILY
But there’s a really cute one.
3 ten dollars?
Please! I’ll return the money next month.
MUM Sorry, I can’t. You’ve spent too much on things you don’t really need.
LILY
What can I do?
4 my skateboard for money?
MUM You just bought it weeks ago!
5
save money.
LILY
OK, I’ll try.
Why? Please!
Sorry, I can’t. OK, I’ll try.
Everyday English
I want to borrow your earphones because …
Sorry, I can’t lend my earphones …
Useful language
I don’t think you should ... You really should try to ...
Would you mind …? Could you lend / give / buy me …?
Can I sell / borrow / save …?
The best things in life are free
59
Speak out
Write about views on money
1 Read David’s essay. Does he agree with the statement?
By David Newman
1
It’s said that we can buy anything with money. But
in my opinion, it’s not really true.
2
First of all, when we are too concerned
about money, we won’t spend
enough time on things we truly
enjoy. We won’t feel relaxed, too.
As a result, we may become too
stressed.
3
Also, many things that bring us happiness are free,
such as spending time with our loved ones.
4
To sum up, money can’t buy happiness. I believe that
we should care more about those truly important
things.
Money can’t buy happiness.
Do you agree?
60
Unit 4
An opinion essay
Write now
PLAN
CHECK
Write your own opinion essay
about views on money.
WRITE
2 Match the summaries a– d
with the paragraphs 1–4.
a The first reason for your
opinion
b A summary of your
opinion
c An introduction to the
topic and your opinion
d A second reason for your
opinion
5 Choose one of the two
topics. Make notes about the
information you need for each
paragraph. Use Activity 2 to
help you.
· Save money, and money will
save you.
· Never spend your money
before you have earned it.
6 Write your opinion essay.
Remember to include
four paragraphs, and use
comparatives and superlatives,
too, too much, too many, (not)
enough + noun and expressions
from the Useful language box.
7 Do you …?
· have four paragraphs
· give reasons for your opinion
· summarise your opinion
at the end
4 Look at the Useful language
box. Find and underline the
expressions in the essay.
3 Read the essay again and
answer the questions.
1 In David’s opinion, how
might people feel if they
are too concerned about
money?
2 What example of happy
things does David give?
3 According to David, what
should people pay more
attention to?
in my opinion ...
first of all ...
to sum up ...
I believe that ...
Useful language
The best things in life are free
61
YOUR COMMUNITY NEEDS YOU!
Could you be a volunteer with us?
Have you got enough time to help us? All ages are welcome.
Don’t give us your money – give us your time!
1 What is the purpose of the poster?
Read and check your answer.
a To encourage more people to
use a local park.
b To ask for more volunteers to
clean the park.
c To tell people about a
charity event.
WHAT? Help us to make the park a cleaner
space for the whole community.
WHERE? People’s Park
WHO? We have a team of five volunteers, but
there’s too much work for us. We need more
volunteers.
WHEN? 10:00 am
every Saturday. Meet
at the park café.
WHY? It helps your community! There
aren’t enough people using the park. We
want more people to use it.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS? We need
only an hour of your time once a week.
You can get fitter and have fun. It’s one
of the best ways to make new friends and
make a difference!
THE SOCIAL
STUDIES
PROJECT
A poster for a
volunteer project
TOGETHER WE
CAN MAKE OUR
PARK BETTER!
62
Unit 4
CHECK
PRESENT
2 Read the poster again.
Under which heading can
you find the information?
1 the place for the activity
Where?
2 the type of the activity
3 the people organising the
activity
4 the reasons why it is a
useful thing to do
5 the time and place to meet
6 why volunteers enjoy the
activity
PLAN
3 Work in groups. Complete the
steps below.
∙ Choose an idea for a volunteer
project. Use the ideas below or
your own ideas.
—Teach older people how to
use the latest technology.
—Help at an afterschool or
local sports club for younger
students.
—Work in an animal house
shelter.
∙ Think of expressions to
encourage people to become
volunteers.
∙ Prepare your poster.
∙ Add photos.
4 Display your poster on your
classroom wall. Remember to
include useful information for
volunteers and photos, and
follow the tips in the How to box.
5 Look at your classmates’
posters. Would you like to
work on their projects? Vote
for the best poster.
How to agree as a group
Put the tips in the best order.
Ask other people for their opinions.
Make a decision as a group. Check
that everyone agrees.
Introduce the decision you need
to make.
Give your own opinion politely.
Interrupt politely if you want to
comment.
Sum up all the opinions.
Make your own poster for a
volunteer project.
The best things in life are free
63
Language in action
Vocabulary
1 Complete the conversations
with the correct form of the
verbs in the box.
2 Complete the sentences with
the comparative or superlative
form of the words in brackets.
1 Some animals can run
(fast) than humans.
2 I was late for school today.
I should get up (early)
tomorrow.
3 What kind of books do you
like (well)?
4 In my opinion, New York is
(expensive) city to live in.
5 Is a hippo (dangerous)
than a lion?
3 Complete the text with too,
too many, too much, (not)
enough and the comparative or
superlative form of the words in
brackets. Use than if necessary.
borrow save pay lend
earn sell cost spend
1 A: Can you me £2 for
a cup of coffee?
B: Don’t worry. I can
for yours.
2 A: Those people hats
at the market.
B: Yes, but they don’t
much money.
3 A: I want to buy this handbag.
It £50.
B: You’ve got too many
handbags. Why don’t you
the money for the
future?
4 A: How much money did you
on the meal?
B: £14. Now I have no
money for the bus. Could
I £2 from you?
WRAP UP
My friend Holly is
1 (funny)
and
2 (happy) person I know!
She always makes me laugh.
Holly likes collecting sports
shoes. She hasn’t got
3 space
in her room, because she has
got
4 shoes! I think she has
spent
5 money on that.
Holly wants to be a diver. She is
6 (brave) me. In my
opinion, that job is
7
(dangerous)!
64
Unit 4
Learn to create a budget
1 Read the text. Fill in the table to work out how much Chris saves
each week. What do you think of his budgeting?
Chris receives pocket money from his parents, about £12 a week. He
has also got a part-time job at the weekend and earns £20 a week.
Chris spends £7 a week on drinks and snacks, and £9 on transport.
Chris also likes to go out with friends and will spend £20 a week on the
cinema or dining.
2 Create your own budget for next week.
You may follow the tips below:
∙ Calculate how much money you’ll get each week. This could be
pocket money, part-time job earnings, etc.
∙ List must-pay costs and optional spending.
∙ Review your budget. Can you cut back on anything unnecessary?
A budget is a plan of how you
will spend money. It helps you
manage your money effectively.
LEARN
TO LEARN
3 Compare your budget with your partner’s. Make improvements
to your budget.
Self-assessment
I can name as many verbs about money in English as possible.
I can use comparatives and superlatives to make comparisons.
I can use too, too much, too many and (not) enough + noun to
describe the degree, quantity or sufficiency of something.
I can make and respond to requests in an appropriate way.
I can write an opinion essay about views on money.
I can talk about my attitude towards money.
Pocket money
Part-time job
Total income
Drinks and snacks
Transport
Total spending
Going out with friends
Total savings
The best things in life are free
65
Learning outcomes
In this unit, let’s explore amazing homes.
After completing the unit, you will be
able to:
· use some new words and expressions to
talk about furniture.
· use (not) as + adjective + as, (not) + adjective
+ enough and (don’t) have to / (don’t) need to.
· discuss a photo.
· write a description of your dream house.
· give examples of amazing homes around
the world.
Amazing
homes
5
Start it!
Look at the picture. What do you think of their home?
Unit 5
66
Furniture
Other things
1 Match the words in the box with
the furniture items a–g in the
pictures. Listen, check and repeat.
Use it!
4 Work in pairs. Take turns to
describe the furniture in a room
in your home. Ask your partner
to listen and draw the room.
3 Complete the spidergram
using the words in Activities
1 and 2 and your own ideas.
Get ready
2 Listen and circle the words in
Activity 1. Then match the following
rooms with the speakers 1–4.
There is one extra room.
Guess the correct answer.
Which of the following is a traditional
category of Chinese furniture?
a Hunan category b Suzhou category
c Sichuan category
Find an interesting fact about furniture.
Write a question for your partner.
Explore it!
armchair
bookcase
carpet
wardrobe
cupboard
mirror
shelf
My bedroom has a wardrobe, a shelf
and a blue carpet on the floor …
bedroom bathroom
kitchen
living room
study
LEARNING TIPS
Using spidergrams
Recording words in different ways will
help you remember them. One way is
to create spidergrams.
Others
Rooms
to store things
to sit or
lie on
Home
Other places
Things on walls
a
c
b
d
e
g
f
Amazing homes
67
Furniture
Read to learn
1 Look at the pictures.
Discuss the questions.
1 What is unusual about
these houses?
2 Would you like to live in
them? Give your reasons.
2 Read the article. Tick the
correct answer.
Why did the Hakka build the
tulou?
They wanted to make
their home unique.
They wanted to live a safe
and peaceful life.
They wanted to keep
the traditional house of
northern China.
In the mountains of Fujian
Province, there are many large,
round or square houses. They
sit among fields and bamboo
forests, and look as strange as the
buildings in sci-fi movies.
These houses are called tulou.
They belong to the Hakka,
Tulou,
Treasure
in the
Mountains
An article
68
Unit 5
migrants from northern China.
Throughout history, the Hakka
moved south to find a better
life. However, the southern
areas were not safe enough for
these newcomers. To protect
themselves, the Hakka built the
tulou.
A tulou is like a big castle. Each
building has one entrance. The
walls are high enough to protect
people against attacks. The
windows are above the first floor,
so outsiders can’t see in.
There are kitchens and dining
rooms on the ground floor. The
first floor is for food storage, and
the upper floors are bedrooms.
Wooden furniture with traditional
Chinese designs is common, such
as chairs, beds and wardrobes.
A tulou is as busy as a small city.
One building can house up to 800
people! Most of them are relatives.
They share a building as their
home, and also their traditions
and way of life.
In 2008, Fujian tulou was added
to the World Heritage List. Today,
the houses are open to visitors,
but some people still live in them.
69
Amazing homes
Language in action 1
Voice it!
5 Discuss the questions.
1 Why is the tulou “treasure
in the mountains”?
2 Do you know any other
amazing homes? Describe
them.
1 Complete the examples in the
table below with (not) as ...
as or (not) ... enough and the
adjectives in brackets. Use
the article on pages 68–69 to
help you.
We never put adjectives after
enough. For example:
I’m not tall enough. NOT I’m not
enough tall.
Get it right!
(not) as + adjective + as,
(not) + adjective + enough
They look
1 (strange)
the buildings in sci-fi movies.
A tulou is
2 (busy) a
small city.
The southern areas were
3 (safe) for these
newcomers.
The walls are
4 (high)
to protect people against
attacks.
4 Introduce the tulou to a
partner. Use the thinking
map to organise your ideas.
Purposes
Structure
and uses
Features of
design
Cultural and
historical
significance
The tulou
3 Read the article again.
Write T (true) or F (false).
1 A tulou has several
entrances.
2 There are no windows on the
ground floor of a tulou.
3 A tulou has kitchens on the
first floor, and dining rooms
and bedrooms on the upper
floors.
4 The people in a tulou
usually belong to the
same family.
5 Now the tulou is not home
to the Hakka any more.
70
Unit 5
2 Circle the correct words.
1 A tulou is as big as / not as big as a castle.
2 The windows of a tulou are high enough / not high enough to keep
outsiders away.
3 A tulou is large enough / not large enough to house 800 people.
Use it!
5 Work in pairs. Write sentences about houses or furniture with
(not) as ... as or (not) ... enough. Take turns to say your sentences.
I've got a bookcase. It's big enough to hold hundreds of books.
3 Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the
first. Use (not) as ... as or (not) ... enough and the adjectives in brackets.
4 Complete the text using (not) as ... as or (not) ... enough and the
adjectives in brackets.
1 We can’t put a sofa in this
small room.
This room (large)
for a sofa.
2 My room is tidier than my
sister’s room.
My sister’s room
(tidy) my room.
3 I’m short, so I can’t reach the top
shelf.
I’m (tall) to reach the top
shelf.
4 That car is really expensive. Its cost
is the same as that of a house.
That car is (expensive) a
house.
Kids’ toys aren’t cheap these days, but not many toys
are
1 (expensive) Astolat Dollhouse Castle.
It’s a special doll’s house. It’s
2 (tall) a small
Christmas tree and
3 (heavy) a horse. The
castle took the artists 13 years to build. It’s a work of
art, and it’s
4 (perfect) to be in a museum.
The furniture in the castle is
5 (small) to fit in your hand,
and it’s
6 (beautiful) the furniture in a real palace. The tiny
sofas and beds are
7 (soft) the real things. The books on the
shelves aren’t
8 (large) to read, but they have real pages.
Amazing homes
71
1 Discuss the questions.
1 How often do you help with
housework?
2 What housework do you
usually do?
3 Listen again and circle the
correct answers.
1 In the kitchen, Cindy …
a. cooks.
b. washes dishes.
c. clears the table.
2 Kelvin does housework …
a. every morning.
b. at the weekend.
c. during schooldays.
3 Kelvin doesn’t help …
a. make the bed.
b. tidy up the bathroom.
c. prepare dinner.
2 Listen and tick. Which
speaker doesn’t do much
housework?
Cindy
Kelvin
Voice it!
4 Ask and answer the
questions with a partner.
1 How do you help at home?
2 Do you like doing housework?
Why or why not?
3 How do you think you could
help out more at home?
4 When Kelvin does housework,
he often …
a. listens to music.
b. watches TV.
c. sings songs.
I clear the table, and I do the washing-up.
I like doing housework. It’s a good way
of getting exercise! How about you?
I quite like it. But I need to spend
more time doing housework …
Pronunciation
have: /f/ and /v/
1 Listen and circle the option you hear:
/f/ or /v/.
1. I have to clear the table. /f/ or /v/
2. Do you have to wash dishes? /f/ or /v/
3. We’ve got a dishwasher. /f/ or /v/
4. I don’t have to help on schooldays. /f/ or /v/
2 Listen and repeat the sentences.
1. I have to do the gardening this weekend.
2. My brothers have got a really big wardrobe.
3. We don’t have to go to school on Monday.
4. We’ve got a bookcase in the living room.
LEARNING TIPS
Answering multiple-choice questions
Before you listen, read the questions
and options carefully. Pay attention
to the key words in them.
72
Unit 5
Listen up
He
lp
in
g
at
ho
m
e
An interview
(don’t) have to / (don’t) need to
(don’t) have to
(don’t) need to
I
1 help on schooldays.
Maybe I
4 help out more …
2 you wash dishes?
3 , I .
What do you
5 do?
I
6 make the bed.
1 Complete the examples in the table below. Use the interview to
help you. Listen and check.
2 Write the answers to the questions about the interview.
1 Does Cindy have to cook?
2 What does Cindy have to do after dinner?
3 What does Cindy need to do more of?
4 Does Kelvin have to help at home every day?
3 Join the words and expressions to make sentences. Use the correct
form of (don’t) need to.
1 Sam / clean the window / before going out.
2 we / set the knives and forks / before dinner?
3 you / not work in the garden / tomorrow.
4 I / not tidy up / the laundry basket / after doing the laundry.
Amazing homes
73
Language in action 2
6 Think of four questions to ask
your partner using have to
and need to. Ask and answer
with your partner.
Do you need to set the chopsticks
before a meal?
Yes, I do. Do you have to wash
the dishes after a meal?
Yes, I do. And my brother has to clear
the table. Sometimes we work together.
Use it!
5 Read the questions and give
your own answers.
1 Do you have to tidy up your
bedroom on schooldays?
2 What do you have to do to
keep your home clean and tidy?
3 What do you need to do to
make your room look better?
4 Do you have to sweep the
floor every day?
4 Complete the text with the
correct form of (don't) have to
and the verbs in brackets.
1 you (help)
at home?
2 you
(tidy) your bedroom or clear
the table? Thirteen-year-old
Martha Pinter and her little
brother, Ben,
3 (do)
more than most children. They
live on a farm in Australia, and
all the family
4 (share)
the work. Martha
5
(get up) early to milk the cows.
She also
6 (look after)
the sheep. Ben
7
(feed) the hens before
breakfast. However, they
8 (catch) the bus to
school every day. There isn’t a
school nearby, so
they
9
(have) all their
lessons at
home.
74
Unit 5
LIU KE Hey, Nina. Look at this
photo – it’s Larry’s bedroom
in his new house.
NINA
Oh! It looks big enough for
two people. Does he have
to share it?
LIU KE No, it’s all his. Actually,
it isn’t as big as it looks.
There’s a large mirror
1 . That’s why
it looks bigger.
NINA
Oh yes, I see.
2
thing on the wall?
1 Listen to the conversation. What do the
speakers both dislike about the room?
2 Complete the conversation with the help of
the Useful language box. Listen and check.
Discuss a photo of
a room
4 Work in pairs. Practise the
conversation.
5 Find a photo of a room. Compare
your photo with your partner’s
and have a discussion.
The study looks awesome!
Yes. It’s big!
3 Look at the Everyday English
box. Find and underline
the expressions in the
conversation.
I think it’s eye-catching!
I’m not really sure.
Nor do I. Me too.
Everyday English
Useful language
at the top / bottom on the left / right
in the background What’s that …?
LIU KE It’s a clock. What do you
think of the colour of the
walls?
NINA
Hmm. I’m not really sure.
LIU KE Really? I think it’s eye-
catching! But I don’t think
much of those curtains.
NINA
Nor do I. And what’s that
3 ? Is it a carpet?
LIU KE Yes. It looks thick and soft!
I also love those pictures
4 .
NINA
Me too. They look great.
Amazing homes
75
Speak out
1 Look at the picture. What do you think of the house? Discuss it
with a partner.
Write about your dream house
A description
My
My
dream
dream
house
house
1
I’d like to tell you about my dream house. It’s near
the beach on a beautiful island. It has to be far away
from factories and busy streets. It also has to be near
the sea because I love swimming.
2
The house has got big windows. It has also got a
fantastic view. There’s a lovely garden, too. It’s large
enough for people to play football in it.
3
But the really special thing about my house is the
technology. It has a robot. It’s as helpful as a real
person. It cooks meals for me. It helps me with the
housework as well.
Lydia Reed (13), Newcastle
76
Unit 5
Write now
Write your own description of
your dream house.
PLAN
5 Imagine your dream house
and make notes about the
information you need for each
paragraph. Use Activity 2 to
help you.
WRITE
6 Write your description.
Remember to include
three paragraphs and use
adjectives with (not) as ... as,
(not) ... enough and (don’t)
have to, (don’t) need to and
words and expression from
the Useful language box.
CHECK
7 Do you ...?
· have three paragraphs
· describe what the house
has got
· explain why it is your dream
house
2 Read Lydia’s description of
her dream house. Match
the headings a–c with the
paragraphs 1–3.
a What has the house got?
b Where is the house?
c What is the special thing
about the house?
3 Read the description again.
Answer the questions.
1 Why does Lydia want the
house to be near the sea?
2 What might Lydia enjoy
from the house?
3 What is the garden like?
4 What is special about
Lydia’s house?
4 Find and underline the
Useful language words
and expression in the
description.
also too as well
Useful language
Amazing homes
77
ABOUT OUR
WORLD
1 Look at the pictures. Why is
each house built in this way?
Read the magazine article
and check your answer.
Nearly Zero-Energy House
a
This is one of the first nearly zero-
energy houses in China. Its owner
wanted his home to be close enough
to nature, so he built the house in a
village. The house gets most of its
energy from natural sources like
the sun. The doors and windows
are made of special glass. They
make the rooms bright and create a
suitable temperature. The design of
the house makes it comfortable and
convenient. It uses little energy. With
energy from the sun, even charging
a phone is free!
This vertical forest isn’t a real
forest. On the walls of two high
buildings, there are many plants.
It’s like a forest in the heart
of the city. The designer built
this “forest” to give a home to
people, plants and animals –
and to reduce pollution. The
big balconies hold large plants.
They let sunlight in and
create a pleasant
temperature inside
the rooms. They
also make the
air cleaner
and fresher.
This house is in the centre of the
capital city. It has three gardens
on the ground floor. Together,
they create a green space for the
house.
Vertical Forest
b
Holmberg House
c
78
Unit 5
A magazine article
Eco-friendly
homes
Everyone’s home is comfortable. But
some homes are not only comfortable,
they’re eco-friendly, too!
Italy
China
Voice it!
3 Discuss the questions.
1 Which house do you like best?
Give your reasons.
2 Can you think of some ways
to make your home more eco-
friendly? What are they?
4 Complete the table. Use the
extra letters in the box.
5 Work in pairs. Ask each other to
say sentences with the words in
Activity 4.
Tell me a sentence with the adjective of help.
Sam found a helpful book for
his project.
LEARNING TIPS
Word families
Many nouns have a related adjective.
We usually form the related adjective
or noun by adding extra letters. We
sometimes need to change other letters.
-ful -ty -ous -able -ly -al
Noun
Adjective
help
1
2
safe
nature
3
comfort
4
danger
5
friend
6
2 Read the magazine article
again. Match the sentences
with the houses. Some may
have more than one answer.
1 The house has plenty of
plants on the wall.
2 The house uses energy from
the sun.
3 The house isn’t close to
nature, but it creates a
natural space for people and
animals.
4 The house uses glass to
make the room temperature
comfortable.
5 The house is covered with
many water pipes.
The highlight of the house is
its “skin”. It consists of many
water pipes. They carry hot
and cold water from the house’s
water containers and move
the water around the building.
This controls the temperature
inside the house.
The pipes also
support plant
growth and
create spaces for
animals to live.
Amazing homes
79
Argentina
Language in action
1 Circle the correct words.
1 The shelves / armchairs in my
room are full of books.
2 There’s a lovely soft carpet /
mirror on the floor.
3 We need a cupboard /
wardrobe to store the cups
and plates.
4 Katy never leaves home
without looking at herself in
the mirror / bookcase.
2 Complete the sentences with
the correct form of (don’t) need
to so that they make sense.
1 You make the bed
after getting up.
2 Sam add sugar to
the drink. It’s sweet enough!
3 We wash our hands
before meals.
4 She never does housework
at home. She really
help out more.
RENA
My new house isn’t
1 (nice) the old one.
MIKE
Really? But the garden’s amazing. It’s
2 (large) to play
football!
RENA
Yeah, it’s quite big.
MIKE
So why aren’t you
3 (happy) you were in the old house?
RENA
Because I miss my friends from the old neighbourhood.
MIKE
But you
4 (leave) them behind. You can still stay in
touch through the phone.
RENA
You’re right.
MIKE
5 you still (take) the bus to school?
RENA
No. My new house is
6 (close) for me to walk. My sister
and I are pleased because we
7 (get up) as early as
before.
WRAP UP
Vocabulary
3 Complete the conversation.
Use the words in brackets
with (not) as … as, (not) …
enough or the correct form of
(don’t) have to.
80
Unit 5
Learn to use a
memory journey
A memory journey connects
images with words. It can help
you remember lists of vocabulary.
LEARN
TO LEARN
Self-assessment
I can name as many different kinds of furniture in English as
possible.
I can use (not) as + adjective + as to make comparisons, and use
(not) + adjective + enough to describe sufficiency.
I can use (don’t) have to / (don’t) need to to describe obligation or
necessity.
I can discuss a photo in an appropriate way.
I can write a description of my dream house.
I can give examples of amazing homes around the world.
1 Imagine you are going to use
a memory journey to learn
the words in the box. Put the
following steps in the best
order.
2 Read the memory journey
on page 89. Which steps in
Activity 1 does it show?
Imagine walking around
your house, looking at
those pieces of furniture.
Think of an image of each
word you need to learn
and connect it with one of
the pieces of furniture. Be
creative!
Choose six pieces of furniture.
Think of your house.
awesome beautiful strange
famous traditional warm
comfortable colourful friendly
helpful nervous strong
3 Use rooms and objects in
your house or school to
make a memory journey for
the words in the box.
4 Work in groups. Describe
your memory journey to
your partner’s. Then discuss
who has the most creative
description.
Resources p89
Amazing homes
81
1 From 1861 to 1865, a big
fight between the
Northern and Southern states of
the United States. It is known as
the American Civil War.
2 The building of the Great Wall
of China in the 7th
century BCE and continued for
centuries.
3 Shenzhen used to be a small
village. Later, it a
modern city.
4 World War I in 1918.
But it didn’t stop new problems
from happening afterwards.
5 Today, the teachings of Confucius
still Chinese society
greatly, including social
relationships, moral values and
education.
6 Early humans’ use of fire
improvements in their lives,
such as cooking, warmth and
protection from dangerous
animals.
begin take place influence
grow into lead to end
Review
Vocabulary
2 Complete the sentences with the
correct form of the words and
expressions in the box.
1 Circle the correct words.
1 Now concert / cartoon
designers usually use
computers to create
pictures. They don’t draw
by hand.
2 The second season of my
favourite film / TV show
starts at 7:00 pm every day.
3 We always laugh out
loud during Ken’s stand-
up comedy / magic show
because it’s really funny.
4 There’s going to be
a(n) dance / opera show
tonight. We’re going to
perform hip hop.
82
Review
3 Correct underlined words in the sentences.
1 Mrs Gee couldn’t find her son. She was surprised.
2 I had a busy day today. I feel really afraid.
3 Tim got bored with me because I lost his bike key.
4 Don’t be sad about the exam tomorrow. You can do it!
5 The kids were very nervous about the trip. They couldn’t wait to
go.
4 Complete the text messages
with verbs about money.
Hey, can I
1 £15 from you?
I’ll think about that. Thanks!
I want to study French. The
course
2 £55. But I
haven’t got enough money.
I see. Maybe I can
5
my earphones.
Why?
Why not do a part-time job
and
6 some money?
Sorry, I can’t
3 you the
money. I need to
4 for
my phone bill.
5 Look at the pictures and
complete the words about
furniture.
1 a
c h
r
2 s
f
3 c
p
4 w
o
5 c
b
d
6 m
7 b
c
1
2
3
4
5
7
6
83
6 Complete the conversation
with the correct form of will,
be going to or the present
simple for future and the
verbs in brackets.
8 Put the words in the correct
order to make sentences.
1 phone / everywhere / her /
She / for / looked / .
2 about / tonight / Nobody /
me / the concert / told / .
3 50 years / built / the house /
Someone / ago / .
4 do / help / Is / anything / I /
there / can / to / ?
7 Write questions and answers
in the past simple.
1 you / swim in the sea?
(✗, read a book on the beach)
Answer:
2 you all / go to the Palace
Museum? (✓)
Answer:
3 Thomas / take lots of photos
of the Great Wall? (✓)
Answer:
4 Susie / be happy? (✗, bored)
Answer:
A:
1 you (be)
at home after school?
B: No, I
2 (meet) my
dad at the music shop.
I
3 (ask) him to
buy me a guitar in the
shop.
A: Well, but do you play the
guitar?
B: No, I don’t, but I’m sure I
4 (learn) fast! It
can’t be that difficult.
A: OK. By the way,
5
you (watch) the
magic show tomorrow?
B: Yeah. What time
6
it (start)?
A: It
7 (start) at
7:00 pm. The show
8
(last) for two hours.
B: Great! See you then.
Language in action
84
Review
9 Complete the text with the past simple or past continuous
form of the verbs in the box.
I
1 for a friend in the park. I
2 under a tree – that’s
why the woman
3 me. She
4 quickly across the
park to a man. He
5 football with his son. The man’s backpack
was on the ground. And the woman
6 it when he
7
in her direction. At that moment, I
8 the button of my camera
quickly. And I
9 the photo to the police later.
10 Complete the interview with too, too much, too many, (not) enough
and the comparative or superlative form of the words in brackets.
FRAN
Can I ask you some questions, please?
NIGEL Sure. I hope you haven’t got
1 difficult questions for me.
FRAN
No, don’t worry! The first question is the
2 (easy) – do
you still work?
NIGEL No. I used to be a firefighter, but I’m retired now.
FRAN
What do you do every day?
NIGEL I usually play tennis. I’ve got
3 energy to sit around all
day!
FRAN
That’s why you’re
4 (fit) than my grandparents!
NIGEL Well, I enjoy being active, or I might get
5 bored. I like
playing sports and travelling. But I enjoy volunteering
6 (well). I’m a volunteer at an outdoor activity centre.
FRAN
That’s great! In my opinion,
7 retired people share their
skills.
NIGEL Very true. I think they should support their communities
8
(much). Next question?
Caught on camera!
Caught on camera!
not look not see play give
stand press take wait walk
85
11 Rewrite the sentences with (not) as … as or (not) … enough and
the adjectives in brackets.
12 Complete the sentences and dialogues. Use the correct form of
the expressions in brackets.
1 Your wardrobe is the same size as mine. (big)
My wardrobe
.
2 Sam is more nervous than Jack. (relaxed)
Sam
.
3 Nicky is too young to understand that film. (old)
Nicky
.
4 I don’t need a bigger desk than this one. (big)
This desk
.
5 The weather this year is worse than last year. (good)
The weather this year
.
1 We do all the washing-up. We’ve got a dishwasher. (have
to)
2 You put the cups on the top shelf, not on the dinner
table. (need to)
3 They buy a new TV. Their old one broke. (have to)
4 A: I hand in the project before Friday?
B: , you . The deadline is next Monday. (have to)
5 A: the children wear jackets?
B: , they . The hall is warm enough. (need to)
6 A: Maisie help in the garden?
B: , she . Her dad does everything. (need to)
Review
86
13 Listen to the conversation. Complete the table.
14 Summarise the conversation and tell your partner about it. Use
the information in Activity 13 to help you.
Put it together
What Kelvin did
He watched a(n)
1 .
What it was about
It told the story of some Roman
2
along the ancient Silk Road.
How Kelvin felt
The performers were
3 , but
they were as
4 as experienced
performers.
The best part:
5
He was
6 about the mixture of
different styles.
Information
about the next
performance
Date: Sunday,
7
Time:
8
Ticket price:
—First-class seat:
9 £
—Second-class seat:
10 £
87
87
Resources
Mia’s teacher gave her a project on ancient Greece.
Mia decided to check out some books on the topic. She
looked through many books in the library. Finally, she
found a book about the ancient Greek world. It gave an
overview of the people, places, buildings and culture.
Next, Mia did an online search on “ancient Greece”. She
found lots of websites with information on the topic.
She focused on websites with “.gov”, “.edu” or “.org”
domains. Finally, she visited the official website of the
British Museum. She read the information about some
of the objects. Then she took a VR tour to take a closer
look at the objects on display.
In addition, Mia’s history teacher suggested looking
for primary sources, like letters, speeches and other
documents from the time. Mia found some ancient
Greek poems. The sources gave her basic ideas of some
major events in history.
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Unit
88
First, I walk through
the front door and into
the living room. My sister
and brother are having
an awesome game on the
carpet. Then I go into the
kitchen. I see cupboards
with a traditional design.
After that, I go up to
my bedroom. There’s a
beautiful shell on one of
the shelves. Next …
5
Unit
89
Resources
Notes on
the texts
1
1 What’s on at Dreamy Arts Centre?
译文：理想艺术中心在上演什么节目？
标题中的on 是形容词，表示节目正在上演。
2 For one night only, Beijing opera singer Wu Jie is going to lead
the popular band – the Blue Sky.
译文：京剧演唱者吴杰将在人气乐队Blue Sky 中担任主唱，仅此
一晚。
在这句话中，for one night only 是时间状语，表示该活动的上演
时间“仅此一晚”。将时间状语放在句子开头通常是为了起强调
作用。
3 From pulling rabbits out of hats to making things fly in the air,
you will see lots of wonderful things.
译文：从把兔子从帽子里变出来，再到让东西在空中飞，你会看
到许多精彩的表演。
这句话用了介词短语from … to … 来表示表演的内容丰富多样，
from 和to 后面需跟名词或动名词。该短语还可以用来表示时间、
地点等范围。
4 You won’t want to miss out!
译文：你不会想要错过的！
1） 这句话强调这个活动非常值得参加或体验。通常用于邀请或
宣传，旨在吸引人们前来参与。
2） miss out 的意思是“错失机会”。如果要表达“错失……的机
会”，通常会在短语后面加上on 和具体内容，如miss out on
90
the fun。例如：
I’m going to the concert tonight. I don’t want to miss out on the fun!
我今晚要去音乐会。我可不想错过音乐会带来的乐趣！
5 Join us for a fun evening with Julia White. She is a rising star of
stand-up comedy.
译文：加入我们，与Julia White 这位单口喜剧界冉冉升起的新星
共度一个欢乐的夜晚吧。
rising 的意思是“上升的，兴起的”。a rising star 用来表达某人是
某个领域“冉冉升起的新星”。例如：
He is a rising star in the cinema. 他是电影界冉冉升起的新星。
6 Her great sense of humour will surely make you laugh until your
sides hurt!
译文：她极具幽默感，一定会让你笑得肚子疼！
1） laugh until your sides hurt 是一个习语，表示“笑得肚子疼”。这
个表达形象地描述了觉得有趣而大笑的情景。
2） 在这个句子中，until 的意思是“直到……”，它可以连接两个
动作或状态，这里表示“笑”这个动作一直持续到“肚子疼”
这个状态的出现。
1 We first climbed high mountains.
译文：我们先是翻越了高山。
雪山行军是中国工农红军长征途中最艰苦的行军之一。红军翻越
的雪山，海拔大都在4,000 米以上，空气稀薄，人迹罕至，天气
变幻无常。其中，夹金山是中央红军翻越的第一座大雪山，被载
入中国革命史。
2
91
Notes on the texts
2 The mountains were covered with snow.
译文：这些山都被雪覆盖。
短语be covered with 表示某物的表面被另一物部分或完全覆盖。
例如：
How much of the earth’s surface is covered with water? 地球表面有
多少被水覆盖？
3 We were short of food and warm clothing, so our progress was slow.
译文：我们缺乏食物和保暖的衣物，因此我们的行进速度很慢。
短语be short of 的意思是“不足，短缺”，of 后接缺乏的具体事物。
例如：
The campers were short of sleeping bags, so they had to change their
plan. 露营者缺少睡袋，因此不得不改变计划。
4 For the sick and wounded, it was even more difficult.
译文：对于病号和伤员来说，爬雪山就更加困难了。
1） 根据上文可推断，it 指“爬雪山”。
2） the sick and wounded 的意思是“病号和伤员”。在英语中，有
些形容词前面可以加the 来表示某一类人，如the young，表
示“年轻人”。
5 Then the hardest part of the journey began: crossing the great
grasslands.
译文：接着，行军中最艰难的部分开始了：穿过广袤的草地。
红军走过的草地主要指四川西北地区的高原湿地，为泥质沼泽。
这里鸟兽绝迹，人烟荒芜，没有道路，人和骡马在草地上行走，
须脚踏草丛根部，沿草甸前进。过草地有三怕：一怕没踩着草甸
陷进泥沼；二怕下雨；三怕过河。
92
6 This led to one soldier, then another falling deep into the marsh.
Then another and another.
译文：这导致一名又一名战士深陷沼泽。随后不断有人陷落。
1） 句子开头的this 指代上文的“The grasslands were very wet.”，
即草地湿滑导致战士接二连三地陷入沼泽。
2） 句子中的one soldier, then another … 用于表示一名又一名战士
不幸陷入沼泽。
3） “Then another and another.”此句省略了谓语动词followed。
7 Of the twelve soldiers in my team, eight didn’t make it through to
the end.
译文：我的队伍里有十二名战士，有八名没能坚持到最后。
1） 句子开头的of the twelve soldiers in my team 用来限定主语
eight (soldiers) 所在的范围，表示他们是口述者队伍里十二名
战士中的八名。
2） 短语make it through 表示“（艰难地）到达，抵达”。例如：
The parents have finally made it through to the children.
父母终于来到了孩子们身边。
8 They were laid to rest in the snowy mountains and the great grasslands.
译文：他们长眠于雪山和广袤的草地上。
lay sb to rest 是一个习语，意思是“安葬某人”。这个习语通常表
达一种庄重、尊敬的语气。在本文中，这句话表达了口述者希望
长征途中英勇牺牲的同志们能得到安息。
93
Notes on the texts
1 The second man laughed and said, “I’m not afraid of bears! I
fought off bears in the past.”
译文：第二个人笑着说：“我不怕熊！我曾击退过熊。”
短语fight off 意为“击退”。这个短语既可以用来表示击退某个
具体对象，如击退敌人，也可以用来表示竭力摆脱疾病或负面情
绪。例如：
Jenny is fighting off a cold. Jenny 正在和感冒作斗争。
2 The bear was coming closer and closer.
译文：熊越来越近。
句中的closer 是close 的比较级。closer and closer 意为“越来越
近”，营造出熊逐渐靠近的紧张氛围。“比较级+ and + 比较级”
是一种常见的英语修辞手法，表示“越来越……”，用来描述程
度逐渐增加，如better and better，表示“越来越好”。
3 Then the first man remembered something about the animal’s
behaviour: bears don’t touch dead things.
译文：然后，第一个人想起了关于这种动物的一种行为：熊不
碰死物。
本故事源自《伊索寓言》，关于熊不碰死物的说法也是基于《伊
索寓言》的故事本身。在现实中，如果在野外不慎遇到熊，确实
要保持冷静，在条件允许的情况下尽量缓步后退撤离，此时慌忙
逃跑反而会引发熊的攻击。
4 He quickly fell to the ground and played dead.
译文：他迅速倒在地上装死。
在句中，play 意为“假装”，是一个连系动词，不能单独作谓语
使用，其后需要跟表语来描述主语的状况。
3
94
5 The bear came right up to him, and the first man was holding his breath.
译文：熊走到了第一个人跟前，他屏住了呼吸。
短语come up 意为“走上前，靠过来”。例如：
He came up to me at a party and introduced himself. 在聚会上，他
走到我跟前，并自我介绍。
6 His friend was very angry and replied, “Yes, it was. The bear was
giving me some very good advice!”
译文：他的朋友非常生气地说：“是的。那只熊给了我一些非常
好的忠告！”
短语give sb some advice 意为“给某人一些建议”。短语后面可
以加on 或about 和具体内容，表示提供某方面的建议。例如：
The teacher gave me some very good advice on learning English. 老
师给了我一些学英语的很好的建议。
7 A true friend never leaves you alone in danger!
译文：真正的朋友永远不会让你独处危险之中！
短语leave sb alone 在句中表示“丢下某人不管”。该短语还可以
表示“不打扰某人，不去烦某人”。例如：
“Leave me alone!” he cried. “别烦我！”他喊道。
1 Can you imagine living for a day without money? Mark Boyle,
from Ireland, did that for three years.
译文：想象一下，你能过一天没有钱的生活吗？来自爱尔兰的
Mark Boyle 曾这样生活了三年。
句中的that 指代上文中的living ... without money，did that for
three years 表示Mark Boyle 过了三年没有钱的生活。
4
95
Notes on the texts
2 One day, a friend challenged him to live without money.
译文：一天，一位朋友向他发起挑战，让他过没有钱的生活。
在句中，challenge 作为动词使用，表示“向……挑战；邀请……
比赛”。
3 Mark decided to give it a try.
译文：Mark 决定试一试。
give it a try 是一个习语，表示“尝试，试一试”。类似含义的表
达还有give it a go，have a try 等。
4 Without money, even the simplest things were difficult.
译文：没有钱，即使是最简单的事情也变得很难。
句中的without money 表示条件，放在句首表示强调，下文讲的
是在没有钱的情况下所发生的事情。
5 He found wasted food and wild food, and he grew his own food.
译文：他吃的东西，有别人不要的，也有野生的，还有自己
种的。
wild food 表示野生可食用的野果、菌菇和野菜等。要注意的是，
我们在野外看到的果实、菌菇和植物等并不都可食用，有些可能
有毒，误食甚至会导致生命危险。
6 More importantly, he learnt a valuable lesson from the
experience: Happiness didn’t come from money. It came from the
relationships with the people, plants and animals around him.
译文：更重要的是，他从这段经历中学到了宝贵的一课：幸福并
非来自金钱。它来自与周围的人、植物和动物所建立的关系。
这是Mark Boyle 经过三年没有钱的生活后所领悟的道理，也是
全文传递的核心价值观，即幸福不是由金钱决定的。
96
7 As a result, he was richer than ever!
译文：因此，他比以往任何时候都更加富有！
as a result 是一个短语，用于表达因果关系，表示某个行为或情
况导致了特定的结果或后果。它常用于连接两个句子，说明前面
发生的事情造成了后面的结果。例如：
He worked hard for the competition. As a result, he won the first
place. 他为了比赛努力用功。最后他得了第一名。
1 Tulou, Treasure in the Mountains
译文：土楼，山间的宝藏
此处的土楼（tulou）指的是福建客家土楼，是客家人聚族而居的
传统大型住宅。2008 年，福建土楼被联合国教科文组织作为世
界文化遗产列入《世界遗产名录》。
2 They sit among fields and bamboo forests, and look as strange as
the buildings in sci-fi movies.
译文：它们（这些建筑）坐落于田野和竹林之间，看起来像科幻
电影中的建筑一样奇特。
sit 在此处表示“位于，坐落在（某位置）”，后面常加介词on、
in 等。例如：
The little school sits on a hillside. 这所小学校坐落在一个小山坡上。
The library sits in a large square. 图书馆位于一个大广场上。
3 They belong to the Hakka, migrants from northern China.
译文： 它们（这些建筑）属于客家人——从中国北方迁移过来的
移民。
1） 句中的migrants from northern China 是一个名词短语，作the
Hakka 的同位语，说明了the Hakka 的额外信息。这种结构可
以使句子避免冗长和重复。
5
97
Notes on the texts
2） the Hakka 表示客家，是汉族的支系。客家这一称谓源于东晋
南北朝时期的给客制度及唐宋时期的客户制度。客家先民是
中原人，在历史上曾因战乱等原因经历了多次迁徙，大批过
江南下至赣、闽以及粤东、粤北等地。客家人多居于山区，
在聚居区保持自己的生活习俗传统。客家文化有“古汉文化
活化石”之誉。
3） 短语belong to 意为“属于（某人）”。例如：
This book belongs to Sam. 这本书是Sam 的。
Who does this pen belong to? 这支钢笔是谁的？
4 Throughout history, the Hakka moved south to find a better life.
译文：客家人在历史上持续南迁以寻找更好的生活。
throughout 在此处表示“在整个期间，自始至终”。例如：
She wore her favourite dress throughout the party. 她在聚会上一直
都穿着她最喜爱的连衣裙。
Throughout his life, he worked hard to help others. 他一生都在努力
工作以帮助他人。
5 One building can house up to 800 people!
译文：一栋建筑可容纳多达800 人！
1） house 在此处作动词，表示“存放，容纳”。例如：
This building will house families in need. 这座大楼将为有需求
的家庭提供住处。
2） up to 在此处表示“（数量或数目）多达……”。例如：
The lecture hall seats up to 200 students. 这个演讲厅最多可容纳
200 名学生。
The tree can grow up to 6 feet tall. 这棵树可以长到6 英尺高。
6 In 2008, Fujian tulou was added to the World Heritage List.
译文：在2008 年，福建土楼被列入《世界遗产名录》。
1） add sth to sth 表示“把……添加到……”。例如：
98
Do you want to add your name to the list? 你想把你的名字加到
名单里吗？
You can add more sugar to the tea to make it sweeter. 你可以往茶
里加更多的糖来让它更甜。
2） 《世界遗产名录》（the World Heritage List）由隶属于联合国教
科文组织的世界遗产委员会建立。该名录列出了对全人类具
有重要文化或自然价值的地点，旨在识别、保护和保存那些
对全人类具有重大文化和自然价值的遗产。
99
Notes on the texts
Many Chinese people know about Jiang Jie. The heroine’s
real name was Jiang Zhuyun. She was born in 1920 in
Sichuan Province. At 19, Jiang joined the Communist Party
of China. She was arrested in 1948 and imprisoned in
Chongqing. A year later, she was killed.
Jiang’s story became a Chinese opera in 1964. It was called
Jiang Jie. The opera showed Jiang’s brave fight before the
founding of the People’s Republic of China. It was a huge
success.
In 2022, Jiang’s story was turned into a musical, and
its name was also Jiang Jie. The first show took place at
the China National Opera House in Beijing. The musical
received warm feedback from the audience.
The musical tells the story of Jiang Jie’s last days. It keeps
the classic image of Jiang, with hair down to her shoulders
and in a blue qipao. But it also adds some new elements.
Take the songs as an example. The musical includes 30
songs in different styles, such as pop, rock and classical music.
One of the most famous songs from the Chinese opera
Jiang Jie, “Hong Mei Zan”, was made into a new version.
1
Unit
Chinese heroine’s inspirational story
told in musical
Extra reading
100
The production team also included more parts of Jiang’s life
in the musical. According to the director, the team wanted to
present not only Jiang’s heroic spirit, but also her love for life.
So the musical shows Jiang’s friendship with other imprisoned
Communists, as well as her love for her husband and her son.
The actor of Jiang Jie found the musical very challenging.
Everything, from the stage set to the songs, gave audience a
new “Jiang Jie”. It was a great chance to share Jiang’s story with
young people.
Discuss the questions.
1 What’s the musical about?
2 How is the musical different from the opera version?
3 Do you think traditional stories should be made into new
art forms? Explain your reasons.
101
Extra reading
Nelson Mandela – born to change a
nation
Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa. He lived
in a small village. As a boy, he looked after cows on a farm.
Later, he went to university to become a lawyer. He was the
first black man in South Africa to open a law company.
At that time, black people did not have the right to vote for
their leaders. There was a rule made by white people from
Europe. It separated people by their skin colour and treated
white people better. For example, most black people could
not live or work in cities.
Mandela worked hard to help all black and white people.
He wanted them to have equal rights, especially the right
to vote.
At first, Mandela and others tried to work with the white
government. However, the peaceful movement did not
work well. In 1960, police killed about 69 of his people.
After this, Mandela decided to fight back.
In 1962, Mandela was put in prison for fighting against
unfair laws, and he had to spend 27 years there. Someone
offered him freedom, but to get freedom, he must give
up his fight. Mandela said “no”. He did not want to be free
until his people were free. At the same time, people around
the world started to know about him and support him. In
1990, Mandela was finally let out of prison. Then he worked
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102
hard to bring all South Africans together. In 1994, he became
the first president of a South African government with white
and black members. He was willing to forgive and include his
former enemies in his government. He was president for five
years, and later, he helped with charity work. He died in 2013 at
the age of 95.
Mandela changed the lives of millions of people. He was a hero.
Discuss the questions.
1 What did Mandela fight for?
2 Why didn’t Mandela leave prison?
3 Do you know any other person like Mandela? Describe
the person in class.
103
Extra reading
A fable
Mark Twain
Once, an artist painted a small and beautiful picture. He
placed it in front of a mirror. This made the picture look
more beautiful.
The animals in the forest heard of this from a smart
housecat. They all wanted to know more about it.
“What does a picture look like?” asked the animals.
“It’s an amazing and magical thing,” the cat explained. “And
it’s so beautiful!”
Then the cow asked, “What is a mirror?”
“It is a hole in the wall,” said the cat. “You look in it, and
there you see the picture. Its beauty makes your head
turns round and round with a feeling of excitement.”
While the animals were talking excitedly, the donkey
expressed a doubt, “When you need lots of big words to
describe the beauty of something, it’s time to doubt it.”
His words began to influence the animals, and the cat felt
angry and left. Then the donkey said, “I’m going to look in
the hole myself and come back to report my finding.”
But the donkey stood between the picture and the mirror,
so he couldn’t see the picture. He returned home and said,
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Unit
104
“The cat lied. There was nothing in that hole but a donkey.”
The other animals were surprised. Each wanted to check for
themselves. So the elephant, the king of the animals, sent
them one by one.
First, the bear went. He found nothing in the hole but a bear.
Then the cow, the tiger, and the lion … Each of them found
nothing but themselves in the hole.
At last, the elephant went and found out for himself. When he
returned, he was very angry.
“You’re all liars!” he said. “There was nothing in the hole but an
elephant!”
Discuss the questions.
1 What did the donkey think of the cat’s description of the
picture and the mirror?
2 Why didn’t the animals see the picture in the mirror?
3 What is the moral of the fable?
105
Extra reading
Auntie Wu’s music of joy at the hospital
Every Thursday morning, an elderly lady known as Auntie
Wu, plays beautiful piano music at the Guangzhou Panyu
Central Hospital. She plays to help hospital visitors feel less
worried.
Her name is Wu Pinxian. She started to play the piano as a
student. In 2023, she retired. At that time, the hospital was
looking for volunteers to play the piano. Wu was happy to
lend a hand.
Wu’s music worked well: Many patients and their relatives
sang along with her piano, and some of them even became
fans. Children started to take interest. So, Wu found a
music book for primary schools and learnt to play children’s
songs. She even taught children to play the piano.
Wu plays for one and a half hours each time, with just a
short break. During the rest, she prepares for the next
songs. Wu has poor eyesight, so she can’t see normal
musical scores or the keyboard clearly. She has to rewrite
all the scores with bigger notes, and learn them by heart.
When it became cold, the hospital was worried about Wu’s
health and stopped her piano performance for a short
while. But when the weather turned warm again, Wu
started playing as soon as she could.
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Unit
106
Wu loves her job. It brings back memories of her childhood. It
also helps others, and makes her life meaningful. This is like
hitting many targets with one shot.
In her diary, Wu wrote, “I think playing the piano gives patients
joy and comfort for their bodies and their minds. We should try
to do good things, and I will do my best.”
Discuss the questions.
1 What do people at the hospital think of Auntie Wu’s
performance?
2 Why does Auntie Wu use handwritten music scores?
3 What can you learn from Auntie Wu?
107
Extra reading
Snow houses
The Inuit live in the Arctic regions. These areas are not
warm enough to farm. In the past, the Inuit travelled a
lot to find food. They needed places to live on the way. In
summer, they usually lived in tents. During winter, they
built houses with snow. These snow houses became their
traditional winter homes.
The snow for building these houses has to be dry and hard.
It needs to keep the houses strong all through the winter.
Sometimes, heat from lights, people and dogs inside the
houses can make them very warm. Then the walls start to
become water. To solve this problem, the Inuit put pieces of
fresh snow on the wet places.
The Inuit don’t use glass to make the windows in snow
houses. Instead, they use ice. There is no fire in a snow
house, and the heat mainly comes from people’s bodies.
But it is warm enough to make the house comfortable. This
is because snow is a good insulator. It keeps the cold air
out and the warm air in.
A snow house does not usually have traditional furniture.
But there is a raised ledge. It is like a seat or a bed. The
Inuit put warm skins over it. They sit on this during the day,
and sleep on it at night.
5
Unit
108
The Inuit spend the whole winter in their houses. When the
warm weather comes, the snow walls start to become water. This
makes the inside wet, and people catch colds easily. Therefore,
the Inuit move from their snow houses to tents.
Discuss the questions.
1 What are the windows of snow houses made of?
2 What makes snow houses warm and comfortable?
3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of snow
houses?
109
Extra reading
talented /ˈtæləntɪd/ adj. 有天赋的，
有才能的
(5)
magician /məˈdʒɪʃən/ n. 魔术师，
变戏法的人
(5)
glue /ɡluː/ v. 粘贴
(5)
be glued to sth 盯着某物看
(5)
trick /trɪk/ n. 戏法，把戏
(5)
magic trick 魔术
(5)
pull /pʊl/ v. 拉；扯；拖
(5)
audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ n. 观众
(5)
lucky /ˈlʌki/ adj. 运气好的，
幸运的
(5)
rising /ˈraɪzɪŋ/ adj. 上升的，兴起的
(5)
sense /sens/ n. 理解力；判断力
(5)
humour /ˈhjuːmə/ n. 幽默感；
幽默的话
(5)
sense of humour 幽默感
(5)
price /praɪs/ n. 价格；价钱
(6)
sci-fi /ˌsaɪ ˈfaɪ/ n. （science fiction）
科幻小说
(7)
fantasy /ˈfæntəsi/ n. 幻想作品
(7)
action /ˈækʃən/ n. 开拍
(7)
film-making /ˈfɪlmˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 电影
制作
(7)
industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 行业
(7)
cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj. 文化的；
文化上的
(8)
UNIT 1
entertainment /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/
n. 娱乐节目；娱乐活动
(2)
form /fɔːm/ n. 类型，种类
(3)
cartoon /kɑːˈtuːn/ n. 卡通（片），
动画片
(3)
stand-up /ˈstændʌp/ adj. 单人表演的
(3)
comedy /ˈkɒmədi/ n. 喜剧
(3)
stand-up comedy 单口喜剧
(3)
concert /ˈkɒnsət/ n. 音乐会；
演唱会
(3)
magic /ˈmædʒɪk/
n. 魔术，戏法
(3)
adj. 魔术的
(5)
opera /ˈɒpərə/ n. 歌剧
(3)
dreamy /ˈdriːmi/ adj. 理想的，
极好的
(4)
band /bænd/ n. 乐队
(4)
lead /liːd/ v. 率领，带领
(4)
however /haʊˈevə/ adv. 然而，
不过
(4)
pop /pɒp/ n. 流行音乐，流行乐曲 (4)
certainly /ˈsɜːtnli/ adv. 无疑，确定 (4)
Words and
expressions
注：加粗词汇为义务教育英语课程标准三级词汇
Words and
expressions
110
review /rɪˈvjuː/ n. 评论
(12)
book review 书评
(12)
classic /ˈklæsɪk/ adj. 经典的
(12)
novel /ˈnɒvəl/ n. （长篇）小说
(12)
companion /kəmˈpænjən/ n. 同伴 (12)
imaginative /ɪˈmædʒənətɪv/
adj. 富有想象力的
(12)
impress /ɪmˈpres/ v. 使留下深刻印象
(12)
highlight /ˈhaɪlaɪt/ n. 最突出（或精
彩）的部分
(12)
character /ˈkærəktə/ n. 人物，角色
(12)
king /kɪŋ/ n. 国王
(12)
powerful /ˈpaʊəfəl/ adj. 强壮的，
强健的
(12)
shape /ʃeɪp/ n. 形状，外形
(12)
playful /ˈpleɪfəl/ adj. 活泼的，
爱玩的
(12)
naughty /ˈnɔːti/ adj. 淘气的，顽皮的
(12)
literature /ˈlɪtərətʃə/ n. 文学；
文学作品
(12)
disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. （使）失望
(12)
production /prəˈdʌkʃən/ n. 制作，
出品
(14)
company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司
(14)
produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 创作；制作 (14)
discussion /dɪˈskʌʃən/ n. 讨论，
谈论
(8)
preview /ˈpriːvjuː/ n. 预告（片）
(8)
poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人
(8)
poetry /ˈpəʊətri/ n. 诗，诗歌
(8)
university /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːsəti/ n. 大学 (8)
folk /fəʊk/ adj. 民间的
(9)
folk dance 民间舞蹈
(9)
hold /həʊld/ v. 召开，举行
(10)
flamenco /fləˈmeŋkəʊ/ n. 弗拉门
柯舞
(10)
Spanish /ˈspænɪʃ/ adj. 西班牙的；
西班牙人的
(10)
international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃənəl/
adj. 国际的
(10)
refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 不接受，拒绝 (11)
politely /pəˈlaɪtli/ adv. 有礼貌地，
客气地
(11)
afraid /əˈfreɪd/ adj. 害怕的
(11)
I’m afraid 恐怕，很遗憾
(11)
either /ˈaɪðə/ adv. （用于否定句）也
(11)
reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少；降低
(11)
screen /skriːn/ n. 屏幕，荧光屏 (11)
ache /eɪk/ v. 作痛
(11)
sore /sɔː/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的
(11)
understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v. 懂得，
理解，明白
(11)
chess /tʃes/ n. 国际象棋
(11)
111
Words and expressions
rich /rɪtʃ/ adj. 有钱的，富有的 (19)
century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪
(19)
fighting /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/ n. 战斗
(19)
founding /ˈfaʊndɪŋ/ n. 创建
(19)
BCE /ˌbiː siː ˈiː/ 公元前
(19)
war /wɔː/ n. 战争
(19)
formation /fɔːˈmeɪʃən/ n. 形成
(19)
several /ˈsevərəl/ deter. 几个，一些 (19)
land /lænd/ n. 土地
(19)
kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n. 王国
(19)
greatly /ˈɡreɪtli/ adv. 极其，非常 (19)
army /ˈɑːmi/ n. 陆军部队
(20)
oral /ˈɔːrəl/ adj. 口头的，口述的 (20)
comrade /ˈkɒmreɪd/ n. 战友
(20)
cover /ˈkʌvə/ v. 盖，覆盖
(20)
clothing /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ n. 衣服
(20)
progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ n. 缓慢行进 (20)
soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə/ n. 士兵，军人 (21)
sick /sɪk/ adj. 生病的
(21)
wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/ adj. 受伤的，
负伤的
(21)
northwestern /ˌnɔːθˈwestən/
adj. 西北部的
(21)
cross /krɒs/ v. 横渡
(21)
wet /wet/ adj. 湿的
(21)
fall /fɔːl/ v. 摔倒，跌倒
(21)
marsh /mɑːʃ/ n. 沼泽，湿地
(21)
stick /stɪk/ n. 棍，条
(21)
still /stɪl/ adv. 虽然如此
(21)
complete /kəmˈpliːt/ v. 完成
(21)
mission /ˈmɪʃən/ n. 任务，使命 (21)
loss /lɒs/ n. 死亡，去世
(21)
someone /ˈsʌmwʌn/ pron. 某人，
有人
(14)
develop /dɪˈveləp/ v. 详细阐述
(14)
consider /kənˈsɪdə/ v. 考虑，细想
(14)
artist /ˈɑːtɪst/ n. 画家
(14)
storyboard /ˈstɔːriˌbɔːd/ n. 故事板
（电影剧情梗概组图）
(14)
scene /siːn/ n. 场景，场面
(14)
background /ˈbækɡraʊnd/ n. 背景，
后景
(15)
frame /freɪm/ n. 画面，画格
(15)
software /ˈsɒftweə/ n. 软件
(15)
record /rɪˈkɔːd/ v. 录制；录（音）
(15)
dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ n. 对话，对白 (15)
director /dəˈrektə/ n. 导演
(15)
recording /rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/ n. 录制品
(15)
effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 效果
(15)
sound effects 音响效果
(15)
noise /nɔɪz/ n. 嘈杂声；喧闹声 (15)
UNIT 2
development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n. 发展
(19)
behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现
(19)
particular /pəˈtɪkjələ/ adj. 特别的，
不寻常的
(19)
cause /kɔːz/ v. 导致，引起，
使发生
(19)
Roman /ˈrəʊmən/ adj. 古罗马的 (19)
Latin /ˈlætɪn/ n. 拉丁语
(19)
112
energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力
充沛的，充满活力的
(26)
typical /ˈtɪpɪkəl/ adj. 平常的
(27)
successful /səkˈsesfəl/ adj. 成功的
(27)
village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 乡村，村庄
(27)
figure /ˈfɪɡə/ n. 人物
(28)
naturalist /ˈnætʃərəlɪst/ n. 博物学家
(28)
biologist /baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/ n. 生物学家
(28)
interested /ˈɪntrɪstɪd/ adj. 感兴趣的
(28)
scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学的 (28)
research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ n. 研究，探索 (28)
voyage /ˈvɔɪ-ɪdʒ/ n. 航行
(28)
notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ v. 注意到
(28)
similar /ˈsɪmələ/ adj. 相似的
(28)
conclude /kənˈkluːd/ v. 作出……
结论，推断出
(28)
common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 共同的
(28)
ancestor /ˈænsəstə/ n. 祖先
(28)
finding /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ n. 结果，结论 (28)
brand-new /ˌbrænd ˈnjuː/ adj. 全新的 (28)
pre-existing /ˌpriːɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/
adj. 先于……存在的
(28)
display /dɪˈspleɪ/ n. 展览
(30)
unknown /ˌʌnˈnəʊn/ adj. 不知道的，
未知的
(30)
level /ˈlevəl/ n. 层
(30)
trunk /trʌŋk/ n. 树干
(30)
branch /brɑːntʃ/ n. 树枝
(30)
exactly /ɪɡˈzæktli/ adv. 确切地
(30)
lay /leɪ/ v. 安放
(21)
lay sb to rest 安葬某人
(21)
narrator /nəˈreɪtə/ n. 叙述者
(22)
spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n. 精神
(22)
dogsled /ˈdɒɡsled/ n. 狗拉雪橇
(23)
difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ n. 困难
(23)
continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/ v. 继续
(23)
British /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ adj. 英国的
(23)
cave /keɪv/ n. 洞穴
(24)
rainbow /ˈreɪnbəʊ/ n. 彩虹
(24)
anywhere /ˈeniweə/ adv. 任何地方
(24)
silk /sɪlk/ n. 丝绸
(24)
somebody /ˈsʌmbɒdi/ pron. 某人 (25)
everybody /ˈevribɒdi/ pron. 每个人
(25)
anybody /ˈeniˌbɒdi/ pron. 任何人 (25)
nowhere /ˈnəʊweə/ adv. 什么地方
都不
(25)
eastern /ˈiːstən/ adj. 东部的
(25)
capital /ˈkæpətl/ n. 首都
(26)
northern /ˈnɔːðən/ adj. 北部的
(26)
digital /ˈdɪdʒətl/ adj. 数字的，
数码的
(26)
copy /ˈkɒpi/ n. 复制件；副本
(26)
large /lɑːdʒ/ adj. 巨大的；大的 (26)
original /əˈrɪdʒɪnəl/ adj. 原作的，
真迹的
(26)
visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə/ n. 参观者
(26)
step /step/ v. 跨步，迈步
(26)
everywhere /ˈevriweə/ adv. 在各个
地方；处处
(26)
113
Words and expressions
dead /ded/ adj. 死的
(37)
play dead 装死
(37)
breath /breθ/ n. 呼出（或吸入）
的气
(37)
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
(37)
reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ v. 回答，答复
(37)
advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；忠告
(37)
danger /ˈdeɪndʒə/ n. 危险
(37)
come across sb / sth 偶遇某人或
某物
(38)
friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊，
朋友关系
(38)
ability /əˈbɪləti/ n. 能力
(39)
hare /heə/ n. 野兔
(39)
nod /nɒd/ v. 点头
(39)
proudly /ˈpraʊdli/ adv. 自豪地，
骄傲地
(39)
tortoise /ˈtɔːtəs/ n. 陆龟
(39)
line /laɪn/ n. 分界线
(39)
finishing line 终点线
(39)
asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着的
(39)
fall asleep 入睡
(39)
loudly /ˈlaʊdli/ adv. 大声地
(39)
hole /həʊl/ n. 洞
(40)
gentleman /ˈdʒentlmən/ n. 绅士 (40)
stamp /stæmp/ n. 邮票
(40)
fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/ n. 小说
(40)
while /waɪl/ conj. 当……时，
在……时
(41)
across /əˈkrɒs/ prep. 穿过，越过 (41)
row /rəʊ/ v. 划（船）
(42)
publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v. 发表
(42)
obsidian /əbˈsɪdiən/ n. 黑曜岩
(30)
mirror /ˈmɪrə/ n. 镜子
(30)
stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头，岩石
(30)
well-developed /ˌwel dɪˈveləpt/ adj.
完善的
(30)
themselves /ðəmˈselvz/ pron. 他们
（或她们、它们）自己
(30)
lamp /læmp/ n. 灯
(31)
erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ v. 爆发，喷发
(31)
UNIT 3
feeling /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ n. 感情，情感
(35)
surprised /səˈpraɪzd/ adj. 吃惊的，
惊奇的
(35)
lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤单的，寂寞的
(35)
nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 焦虑不安的 (35)
meeting /ˈmiːtɪŋ/ n. 会议，集会 (35)
boss /bɒs/ n. 老板，上司
(35)
awake /əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着的
(35)
force /fɔːs/ v. 强制，迫使
(35)
throat /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙
(35)
force sth down sb’s throat 强迫
某人接受自己的意见
(35)
fable /ˈfeɪbəl/ n. 寓言
(36)
human /ˈhjuːmən/ n. 人
(36)
title /ˈtaɪtl/ n. 题目；标题
(36)
fight /faɪt/ v. （与……）打斗
(36)
fight off 击退
(36)
suddenly /ˈsʌdnli/ adv. 突然
(36)
behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə/ n. 行为，
举止
(37)
114
UNIT 4
verb /vɜːb/ n. 动词
(51)
earn /ɜːn/ v. 挣得
(51)
earn money 挣钱
(51)
neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ n. 邻居
(51)
anymore /ˌeniˈmɔː/ adv. 不再
(51)
not anymore 不再
(51)
pocket /ˈpɒkɪt/ n. 衣袋，口袋
(51)
pocket money 零花钱
(51)
lend /lend/ v. 借给，借出
(51)
borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/ v. 借，借用
(51)
banknote /ˈbæŋknəʊt/ n. 钞票，纸币
(51)
newspaper /ˈnjuːsˌpeɪpə/ n. 报纸 (52)
enough /ɪˈnʌf/ deter. 足够的
(52)
caravan /ˈkærəvæn/ n. 旅行拖车 (53)
wasted /ˈweɪstɪd/ adj. 被浪费的 (53)
return /rɪˈtɜːn/ v. 返回
(53)
alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj. 充满活力的
(53)
valuable /ˈvæljuəbəl/ adj. 宝贵的，
有用的
(53)
relationship /rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp/ n. 联系，
关联
(53)
ever /ˈevə/ adv. 在任何时候
(53)
overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v. 克服
（困难）
(54)
adjective /ˈædʒəktɪv/ n. 形容词
(54)
low /ləʊ/ adj. 少的，低的
(55)
e-card /ˈiː kɑːd/ n. 电子贺卡
(55)
creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 有创造力的 (55)
conveniently /kənˈviːniəntli/
adv. 方便地
(55)
wonderland /ˈwʌndəlænd/ n. 仙境，
奇境
(42)
silver /ˈsɪlvə/ adj. 银白色的
(42)
scary /ˈskeəri/ adj. 可怕的
(43)
wise /waɪz/ adj. 英明的，有智慧的
(43)
truly /ˈtruːli/ adv. 确实地
(43)
heartwarming /ˈhɑːtˌwɔːmɪŋ/ adj. 令
人欣喜的，暖人心房的
(43)
especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其
(43)
power /ˈpaʊə/ n. 力量
(43)
courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气，胆量 (43)
prince /prɪns/ n. 王子
(43)
handsome /ˈhænsəm/ adj. 英俊的 (43)
kind-hearted /ˌkaɪnd ˈhɑːtɪd/ adj.
好心的，仁慈的
(43)
mistake /məˈsteɪk/ n.错误
(44)
greet /ɡriːt/ v. 招呼，问候
(44)
gate /ɡeɪt/ n.大门
(44)
strange /streɪndʒ/ adj.奇怪的
(44)
myth /mɪθ/ n. 神话
(46)
emperor /ˈempərə/ n. 皇帝
(46)
lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ n. 闪电
(46)
storm /stɔːm/ n. 暴风雨
(46)
loud /laʊd/ adj. 大声的
(46)
thunder /ˈθʌndə/ n. 雷声
(46)
wave /weɪv/ n. 海浪，波涛
(46)
above /əˈbʌv/ prep. 在（……）上方
(46)
tirelessly /ˈtaɪələsli/ adv. 不知疲倦地
(46)
silly /ˈsɪli/ adj. 傻的
(47)
115
Words and expressions
UNIT 5
furniture /ˈfɜːnɪtʃə/ n. 家具
(67)
armchair /ˈɑːmtʃeə/ n. 扶手椅
(67)
bookcase /ˈbʊk-keɪs/ n. 书架，书柜
(67)
carpet /ˈkɑːpɪt/ n. 地毯
(67)
wardrobe /ˈwɔːdrəʊb/ n. 衣柜，
衣橱
(67)
cupboard /ˈkʌbəd/ n. 碗柜；橱柜
(67)
shelf /ʃelf/ n. 架子
(67)
bathroom /ˈbɑːθrʊm/ n. 浴室，
卫生间
(67)
store /stɔː/ v. 贮藏，贮存
(67)
category /ˈkætəɡəri/ 类别，种类 (67)
unique /juːˈniːk/ adj. 独一无二的，
独特的
(68)
among /əˈmʌŋ/ prep. 在……当中，
为……所围绕
(68)
movie /ˈmuːvi/ n. 电影
(68)
migrant /ˈmaɪɡrənt/ n. 移民，移居者
(69)
throughout /θruːˈaʊt/ prep. 在整个期
间，自始至终
(69)
south /saʊθ/ n. 南方
(69)
protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护 (69)
castle /ˈkɑːsəl/ n. 城堡
(69)
entrance /ˈentrəns/ n. 入口
(69)
against /əˈɡenst/ prep. 防，抗
(69)
attack /əˈtæk/ n. 袭击，攻击
(69)
outsider /aʊtˈsaɪdə/ n. 外来者
(69)
storage /ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/ n. 贮存，贮藏 (69)
cash /kæʃ/ n. 现金
(55)
market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ n. 集市
(55)
monologue /ˈmɒnəlɒɡ/ n. 长篇独白
(56)
lifeguard /ˈlaɪfɡɑːd/ n. 救生员
(56)
volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/ n. 志愿者，
义务工作者
(56)
vet /vet/ n. 兽医
(56)
second-hand /ˌsekənd ˈhænd/
adj. 用过的，二手的
(56)
duty /ˈdjuːti/ n. 职责，义务
(56)
per /pɜː/ prep. 每
(56)
firefighter /ˈfaɪəˌfaɪtə/ n. 消防员
(56)
donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ v. 捐赠，捐献 (58)
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区 (58)
service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ n. 服务
(58)
receive /rɪˈsiːv/ v. 得到，收到
(58)
dollar /ˈdɒlə/ n. 元，圆
(59)
skateboard /ˈskeɪtbɔːd/ n. 滑板
(59)
earphone /ˈɪəfəʊn/ n. 耳机，耳塞
(59)
view /vjuː/ n. 观点，意见，想法 (60)
essay /ˈeseɪ/ n. 短文，论说文
(60)
concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ adj. 关切的，
关心的
(60)
relaxed /rɪˈlækst/ adj. 放松的
(60)
stressed /strest/ adj. 焦虑的，紧张
的，无法放松的
(60)
poster /ˈpəʊstə/ n. 海报
(62)
encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励，激励
(62)
charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善事业
(62)
charity event 慈善活动
(62)
116
thick /θɪk/ adj. 厚的
(75)
awesome /ˈɔːsəm/ adj. 令人赞叹的 (75)
factory /ˈfæktəri/ n. 工厂
(76)
eco-friendly /ˈiːkəʊ ˌfrendli/ adj. 生态
友好的，环保的
(78)
near-zero /nɪə ˈzɪərəʊ/ adj. 接近零的
(78)
energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能源
(78)
near-zero energy 近零能耗
(78)
source /sɔːs/ n. 来源
(78)
bright /braɪt/ adj. 明亮的；光线充
足的
(78)
charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ v. （使）充电
(78)
vertical /ˈvɜːtɪkəl/ adj. 垂直的；
直立的
(78)
pollution /pəˈluːʃən/ n. 污染
(78)
balcony /ˈbælkəni/ n. 阳台
(78)
sunlight /ˈsʌnlaɪt/ n. 阳光，日光 (78)
pleasant /ˈplezənt/ adj. 令人愉快的，
舒适的
(78)
consist of sth 由……构成，由……
组成
(79)
pipe /paɪp/ n. 管子，管道
(79)
container /kənˈteɪnə/ n. 容器
(79)
control /kənˈtrəʊl/ v. 控制
(79)
support /səˈpɔːt/ v. 支撑
(79)
relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 家人；亲戚 (69)
structure /ˈstrʌktʃə/ n. 结构，构造 (70)
significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n. 重要性，
意义
(70)
sofa /ˈsəʊfə/ n. 长沙发
(71)
tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj. 极小的
(71)
page /peɪdʒ/ n. 页，面
(71)
housework /ˈhaʊswɜːk/ n. 家务
（劳动）
(72)
clear /klɪə/ v. 清除；清理
(72)
washing-up /ˌwɒʃɪŋ ˈʌp/ n. 洗餐具 (72)
dishwasher /ˈdɪʃˌwɒʃə/ n. 洗碗机 (72)
gardening /ˈɡɑːdnɪŋ/ n. 园艺活
(72)
knife /naɪf/ n. 刀
(73)
fork /fɔːk/ n. 餐叉，叉子
(73)
laundry /ˈlɔːndri/ n. 待洗的衣物 (73)
basket /ˈbɑːskɪt/ n. 篮子
(73)
hen /hen/ n. 母鸡
(74)
nearby /nɪəˈbaɪ/ adv. 在附近
(74)
chopstick /ˈtʃɒp-stɪk/ n. 筷子
(74)
bottom /ˈbɒtəm/ n. 底部；下端 (75)
at the bottom 在下面
(75)
actually /ˈæktʃuəli/ adv. 实际上 (75)
eye-catching /ˈaɪ ˌkætʃɪŋ/ adj. 惹人
注意的，抢眼的
(75)
curtain /ˈkɜːtn/ n. 窗帘
(75)
nor /nɔː/ adv. 也不
(75)
117
Words and expressions
Proper
nouns
J.R.R. Tolkien /ˈtɒlkiːn/ J. R. R.
托尔金
(43)
Bilbo Baggins /ˈbɪlbəʊ ˈbæɡɪnz/
比尔博·巴金斯
(43)
Mark Boyle /mɑːk bɔɪl/ 马克·博
伊尔
(52)
David Newman /ˈdeɪvɪd ˈnjuːmən/
大卫·纽曼
(60)
Cindy /ˈsɪndi/ 辛迪
(72)
Kelvin /ˈkelvɪn/ 凯文
(72)
Martha Pinter /ˈmɑːθə ˈpɪntə/
玛莎·平特
(74)
Larry /ˈlæri/ 拉里
(75)
Lydia Reed /ˈlɪdiə riːd/
莉迪娅·里德
(76)
PLACES
Egypt /ˈiːdʒɪpt/ 埃及
(3)
Jerez /həˈrez/ 赫雷斯
(10)
Greece /ɡriːs/ 希腊
(19)
the Nile River /ðə naɪl ˈrɪvə/ 尼罗河
(19)
Oslo /ˈɒzləʊ/ 奥斯陆
(23)
Norway /ˈnɔːweɪ/ 挪威
(23)
the North Pole /ðə nɔːθ pəʊl/ 北极 (23)
NAMES
Owen Smith /ˈəʊɪn smɪθ/
欧文·史密斯
(5)
Julia White /ˈdʒuliə waɪt/ 朱莉娅·
怀特
(5)
Fridtjof Nansen /ˈfrɪdʒɒf ˈnænsən/
弗里乔夫·南森
(23)
Carla /ˈkɑːlə/ 卡拉
(27)
Charles Darwin /tʃɑːlz ˈdɑːwɪn/
查尔斯·达尔文
(28)
Bruno /ˈbruːnəʊ/ 布鲁诺
(35)
Alice /ˈælɪs/ 爱丽丝
(40)
Lewis Carrol /ˈluːɪs ˈkærəl/
刘易斯·卡罗尔
(42)
Henri Liddell /ˈhenrɪ ˈlɪdəl/
亨利·里德尔
(42)
Alice Liddell /ˈælɪs ˈlɪdəl/
爱丽丝·里德尔
(42)
David /ˈdeɪvɪd/ 戴维
(43)
Charlotte /ˈʃɑːlət/ 夏洛
(43)
Wilbur /ˈwɪlbə/ 威尔伯
(43)
118
the United Nations /ðə juːˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃnz/
联合国
(19)
ancient Greece /ˈeɪnʃənt ɡriːs/ 古希腊
(19)
Liangzhu Culture /ˈkʌltʃə/ 良渚文化
(19)
the Long March /ðə lɒŋ mɑːtʃ/ 长征
(20)
Central Red Army / ˈsentrəl red ˈɑːmi/
中央红军
(20)
Mogao Caves /keɪvz/ 莫高窟
(24)
Danxia Rainbow Hills /ˈreɪnbəʊ hɪlz/
七彩丹霞山
(24)
the Silk Road /ðə sɪlk rəʊd/ 丝绸之路
(24)
Eastern Roman Empire
/ˈiːstən ˈrəʊmən ˈempaɪə/
东罗马帝国
(25)
the Palace Museum /ðə ˈpæləs mjuˈziːəm/
故宫博物院
(26)
Along the River During the Qingming
Festival /əˈlɒŋ ðə ˈrɪvə ˈdjʊərɪŋ ðə
qing ming ˈfestəvəl/ 《清明上河
图》
(26)
Northern Song Dynasty
/ˈnɔːðən song ˈdaɪnəsti/ 北宋 (26)
Wales /weɪlz/ 威尔士
(27)
Türkiye /ˈtɜːkije/ 土耳其
(30)
Mount Vesuvius /maʊnt vɪˈsuːviəs/
维苏威火山
(31)
Ireland /ˈaɪələnd/ 爱尔兰
(52)
Newcastle /ˈnjuːˌkɑːsəl/ 纽卡斯尔 (76)
Argentina /ˌɑːdʒənˈtiːnə/ n. 阿根廷
(79)
OTHERS
Beijing opera /ˈɒpərə/ 京剧
(4)
Villamarta Theatre /ˈvɪjæ ˈmɑːtæ ˈθɪətə/
维拉玛塔剧院
(10)
Journey to the West /ˈdʒɜːni tuː ðə west/
《西游记》
(12)
Monkey King /ˈmʌŋki kɪŋ/ 美猴王
(12)
the Roman Empire /ðə ˈrəʊmən ˈempaɪə/
罗马帝国
(19)
the Western Roman Empire
/ðə ˈwestən ˈrəʊmən ˈempaɪə/
西罗马帝国
(19)
Rome /rəʊm/ n. 罗马
(19)
World War II /wɜːld wɔː tuː/ 第二次世
界大战
(19)
119
Proper nouns
Charlotte’s Web /ˈʃɑːləts web/
《夏洛的网》
(43)
The Hobbit /ðə ˈhɒbɪt/ 《霍比特人》
(43)
The Happy Prince /ðə ˈhæpi prɪns/
《快乐王子》
(43)
the Hakka /ðə ˈhækə/ n. 客家人 (68)
the World Heritage List
/ðə wɜːld ˈherɪtɪdʒ lɪst/
世界遗产名录
(69)
the Astolat Dollhouse Castle
/ðə ˈæstɒˌlæt ˈdɒlhaʊs ˈkɑːsəl/
亚斯多兰特玩具城堡
(71)
On the Origin of Species
/ɒn ðə ˈɒrɪdʒɪn əv ˈspiːʃiːz/
《物种起源》
(28)
Bronze Sacred Tree /brɒnz ˈseɪkrɪd triː/
青铜神树
(30)
Sanxingdui Ruins /ˈruːɪnz/ 三星堆
遗址
(30)
Obsidian Mirror /əbˈsɪdiən ˈmɪrə/
黑曜石之镜
(30)
Hamlet /ˈhæmlɪt/ 《哈姆雷特》
(35)
Aesop’s Fables /ˈiːsɒps ˈfeɪbəlz/
《伊索寓言》
(36)
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
/ˈælɪsɪz ədˈventʃəz ɪn ˈwʌndəlænd/
《爱丽丝梦游仙境》
(42)
120
attack /əˈtæk/ n. 袭击，攻击
(69)
at the bottom 在下面
(75)
audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ n. 观众
(5)
awake /əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着的
(35)
awesome /ˈɔːsəm/ adj. 令人赞叹的 (75)
B
background /ˈbækɡraʊnd/ n. 背景，
后景
(15)
balcony /ˈbælkəni/ n. 阳台
(78)
band /bænd/ n. 乐队
(4)
banknote /ˈbæŋknəʊt/ n. 钞票，纸币
(51)
basket /ˈbɑːskɪt/ n. 篮子
(73)
bathroom /ˈbɑːθrʊm/ n. 浴室，
卫生间
(67)
BCE /ˌbiː siː ˈiː/ 公元前
(19)
be glued to sth 盯着某物看
(5)
behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现
(19)
behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə/ n. 行为，
举止
(37)
biologist /baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/ n. 生物学家
(28)
bookcase /ˈbʊk-keɪs/ n. 书架，书柜
(67)
book review 书评
(12)
borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/ v. 借，借用
(51)
boss /bɒs/ n. 老板，上司
(35)
bottom /ˈbɒtəm/ n. 底部；下端 (75)
A
ability /əˈbɪləti/ n. 能力
(39)
above /əˈbʌv/ prep. 在（……）上方
(46)
ache /eɪk/ v. 作痛
(11)
across /əˈkrɒs/ prep. 穿过，越过 (41)
action /ˈækʃən/ n. 开拍
(7)
actually /ˈæktʃuəli/ adv. 实际上 (75)
adjective /ˈædʒəktɪv/ n. 形容词
(54)
advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；忠告
(37)
afraid /əˈfreɪd/ adj. 害怕的
(11)
against /əˈɡenst/ prep. 防，抗
(69)
alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj. 充满活力的
(53)
among /əˈmʌŋ/ prep. 在……当中，
为……所围绕
(68)
ancestor /ˈænsəstə/ n. 祖先
(28)
anybody /ˈeniˌbɒdi/ pron. 任何人 (25)
anymore /ˌeniˈmɔː/ adv. 不再
(51)
anywhere /ˈeniweə/ adv. 任何地方
(24)
armchair /ˈɑːmtʃeə/ n. 扶手椅
(67)
army /ˈɑːmi/ n. 陆军部队
(20)
artist /ˈɑːtɪst/ n. 画家
(14)
asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着的
(39)
Vocabulary
121
Vocabulary
come across sb / sth 偶遇某人或
某物
(38)
comedy /ˈkɒmədi/ n. 喜剧
(3)
common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 共同的
(28)
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区 (58)
companion /kəmˈpænjən/ n. 同伴 (12)
company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司
(14)
complete /kəmˈpliːt/ v. 完成
(21)
comrade /ˈkɒmreɪd/ n. 战友
(20)
concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ adj. 关切的，
关心的
(60)
concert /ˈkɒnsət/ n. 音乐会；
演唱会
(3)
conclude /kənˈkluːd/ v. 作出……
结论，推断出
(28)
consider /kənˈsɪdə/ v. 考虑，细想
(14)
consist of sth 由……构成，由……
组成
(79)
container /kənˈteɪnə/ n. 容器
(79)
continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/ v. 继续
(23)
control /kənˈtrəʊl/ v. 控制
(79)
conveniently /kənˈviːniəntli/
adv. 方便地
(55)
copy /ˈkɒpi/ n. 复制件；副本
(26)
courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气，胆量 (43)
cover /ˈkʌvə/ v. 盖，覆盖
(20)
creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 有创造力的 (55)
cross /krɒs/ v. 横渡
(21)
cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj. 文化的；
文化上的
(8)
cupboard /ˈkʌbəd/ n. 碗柜；橱柜
(67)
curtain /ˈkɜːtn/ n. 窗帘
(75)
branch /brɑːntʃ/ n. 树枝
(30)
brand-new /ˌbrænd ˈnjuː/ adj. 全新的 (28)
breath /breθ/ n. 呼出（或吸入）
的气
(37)
bright /braɪt/ adj. 明亮的；光线充
足的
(78)
British /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ adj. 英国的
(23)
C
capital /ˈkæpətl/ n. 首都
(26)
caravan /ˈkærəvæn/ n. 旅行拖车 (53)
carpet /ˈkɑːpɪt/ n. 地毯
(67)
cartoon /kɑːˈtuːn/ n. 卡通（片），
动画片
(3)
cash /kæʃ/ n. 现金
(55)
castle /ˈkɑːsəl/ n. 城堡
(69)
category /ˈkætəɡəri/ 类别，种类 (67)
cause /kɔːz/ v. 导致，引起，
使发生
(19)
cave /keɪv/ n. 洞穴
(24)
century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪
(19)
certainly /ˈsɜːtnli/ adv. 无疑，确定 (4)
character /ˈkærəktə/ n. 人物，角色
(12)
charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ v. （使）充电
(78)
charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善事业
(62)
charity event 慈善活动
(62)
chess /tʃes/ n. 国际象棋
(11)
chopstick /ˈtʃɒp-stɪk/ n. 筷子
(74)
classic /ˈklæsɪk/ adj. 经典的
(12)
clear /klɪə/ v. 清除；清理
(72)
clothing /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ n. 衣服
(20)
122
eco-friendly /ˈiːkəʊ ˌfrendli/ adj. 生态
友好的，环保的
(78)
effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 效果
(15)
either /ˈaɪðə/ adv. （用于否定句）也
(11)
emperor /ˈempərə/ n. 皇帝
(46)
encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励，激励
(62)
energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力
充沛的，充满活力的
(26)
energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能源
(78)
enough /ɪˈnʌf/ deter. 足够的
(52)
entertainment /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/
n. 娱乐节目；娱乐活动
(2)
entrance /ˈentrəns/ n. 入口
(69)
erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ v. 爆发，喷发
(31)
especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其
(43)
essay /ˈeseɪ/ n. 短文，论说文
(60)
ever /ˈevə/ adv. 在任何时候
(53)
everybody /ˈevribɒdi/ pron. 每个人
(25)
everywhere /ˈevriweə/ adv. 在各个
地方；处处
(26)
exactly /ɪɡˈzæktli/ adv. 确切地
(30)
eye-catching /ˈaɪ ˌkætʃɪŋ/ adj. 惹人
注意的，抢眼的
(75)
F
fable /ˈfeɪbəl/ n. 寓言
(36)
factory /ˈfæktəri/ n. 工厂
(76)
fall /fɔːl/ v. 摔倒，跌倒
(21)
fall asleep 入睡
(39)
D
danger /ˈdeɪndʒə/ n. 危险
(37)
dead /ded/ adj. 死的
(37)
develop /dɪˈveləp/ v. 详细阐述
(14)
development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n. 发展
(19)
dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ n. 对话，对白 (15)
difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ n. 困难
(23)
digital /ˈdɪdʒətl/ adj. 数字的，
数码的
(26)
director /dəˈrektə/ n. 导演
(15)
disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. （使）失望
(12)
discussion /dɪˈskʌʃən/ n. 讨论，
谈论
(8)
dishwasher /ˈdɪʃˌwɒʃə/ n. 洗碗机 (72)
display /dɪˈspleɪ/ n. 展览
(30)
dogsled /ˈdɒɡsled/ n. 狗拉雪橇
(23)
dollar /ˈdɒlə/ n. 元，圆
(59)
donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ v. 捐赠，捐献 (58)
dreamy /ˈdriːmi/ adj. 理想的，
极好的
(4)
duty /ˈdjuːti/ n. 职责，义务
(56)
E
earn /ɜːn/ v. 挣得
(51)
earn money 挣钱
(51)
earphone /ˈɪəfəʊn/ n. 耳机，耳塞
(59)
eastern /ˈiːstən/ adj. 东部的
(25)
e-card /ˈiː kɑːd/ n. 电子贺卡
(55)
123
Vocabulary
gate /ɡeɪt/ n.大门
(44)
gentleman /ˈdʒentlmən/ n. 绅士 (40)
glue /ɡluː/ v. 粘贴
(5)
greatly /ˈɡreɪtli/ adv. 极其，非常 (19)
greet /ɡriːt/ v. 招呼，问候
(44)
H
handsome /ˈhænsəm/ adj. 英俊的 (43)
hare /heə/ n. 野兔
(39)
heartwarming /ˈhɑːtˌwɔːmɪŋ/ adj. 令人
欣喜的，暖人心房的
(43)
hen /hen/ n. 母鸡
(74)
highlight /ˈhaɪlaɪt/ n. 最突出（或精
彩）的部分
(12)
hold /həʊld/ v. 召开，举行
(10)
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
(37)
hole /həʊl/ n. 洞
(40)
housework /ˈhaʊswɜːk/ n. 家务
（劳动）
(72)
however /haʊˈevə/ adv. 然而，
不过
(4)
human /ˈhjuːmən/ n. 人
(36)
humour /ˈhjuːmə/ n. 幽默感；
幽默的话
(5)
I
I’m afraid 恐怕，很遗憾
(11)
imaginative /ɪˈmædʒənətɪv/
adj. 富有想象力的
(12)
impress /ɪmˈpres/ v. 使留下深刻印象
(12)
fantasy /ˈfæntəsi/ n. 幻想作品
(7)
feeling /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ n. 感情，情感
(35)
fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/ n. 小说
(40)
fight /faɪt/ v. （与……）打斗
(36)
fight off 击退
(36)
fighting /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/ n. 战斗
(19)
figure /ˈfɪɡə/ n. 人物
(28)
film-making /ˈfɪlmˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 电影
制作
(7)
finding /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ n. 结果，结论 (28)
finishing line 终点线
(39)
firefighter /ˈfaɪəˌfaɪtə/ n. 消防员
(56)
flamenco /fləˈmeŋkəʊ/ n. 弗拉门
柯舞
(10)
folk /fəʊk/ adj. 民间的
(9)
folk dance 民间舞蹈
(9)
force /fɔːs/ v. 强制，迫使
(35)
force sth down sb’s throat 强迫
某人接受自己的意见
(35)
fork /fɔːk/ n. 餐叉，叉子
(73)
form /fɔːm/ n. 类型，种类
(3)
formation /fɔːˈmeɪʃən/ n. 形成
(19)
founding /ˈfaʊndɪŋ/ n. 创建
(19)
frame /freɪm/ n. 画面，画格
(15)
friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊，
朋友关系
(38)
furniture /ˈfɜːnɪtʃə/ n. 家具
(67)
G
gardening /ˈɡɑːdnɪŋ/ n. 园艺活
(72)
124
loss /lɒs/ n. 死亡，去世
(21)
loud /laʊd/ adj. 大声的
(46)
loudly /ˈlaʊdli/ adv. 大声地
(39)
low /ləʊ/ adj. 少的，低的
(55)
lucky /ˈlʌki/ adj. 运气好的，
幸运的
(5)
M
magic /ˈmædʒɪk/
n. 魔术，戏法
(3)
adj. 魔术的
(5)
magician /məˈdʒɪʃən/ n. 魔术师，
变戏法的人
(5)
magic trick 魔术
(5)
market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ n. 集市
(55)
marsh /mɑːʃ/ n. 沼泽，湿地
(21)
meeting /ˈmiːtɪŋ/ n. 会议，集会 (35)
migrant /ˈmaɪɡrənt/ n. 移民，移居者
(69)
mirror /ˈmɪrə/ n. 镜子
(30)
mission /ˈmɪʃən/ n. 任务，使命 (21)
mistake /məˈsteɪk/ n.错误
(44)
monologue /ˈmɒnəlɒɡ/ n. 长篇独白
(56)
movie /ˈmuːvi/ n. 电影
(68)
myth /mɪθ/ n. 神话
(46)
N
narrator /nəˈreɪtə/ n. 叙述者
(22)
industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 行业
(7)
interested /ˈɪntrɪstɪd/ adj. 感兴趣的
(28)
international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃənəl/
adj. 国际的
(10)
K
kind-hearted /ˌkaɪnd ˈhɑːtɪd/ adj.
好心的，仁慈的
(43)
king /kɪŋ/ n. 国王
(12)
kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n. 王国
(19)
knife /naɪf/ n. 刀
(73)
L
lamp /læmp/ n. 灯
(31)
land /lænd/ n. 土地
(19)
large /lɑːdʒ/ adj. 巨大的；大的 (26)
Latin /ˈlætɪn/ n. 拉丁语
(19)
laundry /ˈlɔːndri/ n. 待洗的衣物 (73)
lay /leɪ/ v. 安放
(21)
lay sb to rest 安葬某人
(21)
lead /liːd/ v. 率领，带领
(4)
lend /lend/ v. 借给，借出
(51)
level /ˈlevəl/ n. 层
(30)
lifeguard /ˈlaɪfɡɑːd/ n. 救生员
(56)
lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ n. 闪电
(46)
line /laɪn/ n. 分界线
(39)
literature /ˈlɪtərətʃə/ n. 文学；
文学作品
(12)
lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤单的，寂寞的
(35)
125
Vocabulary
P
page /peɪdʒ/ n. 页，面
(71)
particular /pəˈtɪkjələ/ adj. 特别的，
不寻常的
(19)
per /pɜː/ prep. 每
(56)
pipe /paɪp/ n. 管子，管道
(79)
play dead 装死
(37)
playful /ˈpleɪfəl/ adj. 活泼的，
爱玩的
(12)
pleasant /ˈplezənt/ adj. 令人愉快的，
舒适的
(78)
pocket /ˈpɒkɪt/ n. 衣袋，口袋
(51)
pocket money 零花钱
(51)
poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人
(8)
poetry /ˈpəʊətri/ n. 诗，诗歌
(8)
politely /pəˈlaɪtli/ adv. 有礼貌地，
客气地
(11)
pollution /pəˈluːʃən/ n. 污染
(78)
pop /pɒp/ n. 流行音乐，流行乐曲 (4)
poster /ˈpəʊstə/ n. 海报
(62)
power /ˈpaʊə/ n. 力量
(43)
powerful /ˈpaʊəfəl/ adj. 强壮的，
强健的
(12)
pre-existing /ˌpriːɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/
adj. 先于……存在的
(28)
preview /ˈpriːvjuː/ n. 预告（片）
(8)
price /praɪs/ n. 价格；价钱
(6)
prince /prɪns/ n. 王子
(43)
produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 创作；制作 (14)
production /prəˈdʌkʃən/ n. 制作，
出品
(14)
naturalist /ˈnætʃərəlɪst/ n. 博物学家
(28)
naughty /ˈnɔːti/ adj. 淘气的，顽皮的
(12)
nearby /nɪəˈbaɪ/ adv. 在附近
(74)
near-zero /nɪə ˈzɪərəʊ/ adj. 接近零的
(78)
near-zero energy 近零能耗
(78)
neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ n. 邻居
(51)
nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 焦虑不安的 (35)
newspaper /ˈnjuːsˌpeɪpə/ n. 报纸 (52)
nod /nɒd/ v. 点头
(39)
noise /nɔɪz/ n. 嘈杂声；喧闹声 (15)
nor /nɔː/ adv. 也不
(75)
northern /ˈnɔːðən/ adj. 北部的
(26)
northwestern /ˌnɔːθˈwestən/
adj. 西北部的
(21)
not anymore 不再
(51)
notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ v. 注意到
(28)
novel /ˈnɒvəl/ n. （长篇）小说
(12)
nowhere /ˈnəʊweə/ adv. 什么地方
都不
(25)
O
obsidian /əbˈsɪdiən/ n. 黑曜岩
(30)
opera /ˈɒpərə/ n. 歌剧
(3)
oral /ˈɔːrəl/ adj. 口头的，口述的 (20)
original /əˈrɪdʒɪnəl/ adj. 原作的，
真迹的
(26)
outsider /aʊtˈsaɪdə/ n. 外来者
(69)
overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v. 克服
（困难）
(54)
126
scene /siːn/ n. 场景，场面
(14)
scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学的 (28)
sci-fi /ˌsaɪ ˈfaɪ/ n. （science fiction）
科幻小说
(7)
screen /skriːn/ n. 屏幕，荧光屏 (11)
second-hand /ˌsekənd ˈhænd/
adj. 用过的，二手的
(56)
sense /sens/ n. 理解力；判断力
(5)
sense of humour 幽默感
(5)
service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ n. 服务
(58)
several /ˈsevərəl/ deter. 几个，一些 (19)
shape /ʃeɪp/ n. 形状，外形
(12)
shelf /ʃelf/ n. 架子
(67)
sick /sɪk/ adj. 生病的
(21)
significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n. 重要性，
意义
(70)
silk /sɪlk/ n. 丝绸
(24)
silly /ˈsɪli/ adj. 傻的
(47)
silver /ˈsɪlvə/ adj. 银白色的
(42)
similar /ˈsɪmələ/ adj. 相似的
(28)
skateboard /ˈskeɪtbɔːd/ n. 滑板
(59)
sofa /ˈsəʊfə/ n. 长沙发
(71)
software /ˈsɒftweə/ n. 软件
(15)
soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə/ n. 士兵，军人 (21)
somebody /ˈsʌmbɒdi/ pron. 某人 (25)
someone /ˈsʌmwʌn/ pron. 某人，
有人
(14)
sore /sɔː/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的
(11)
sound effects 音响效果
(15)
source /sɔːs/ n. 来源
(78)
south /saʊθ/ n. 南方
(69)
Spanish /ˈspænɪʃ/ adj. 西班牙的；
西班牙人的
(10)
progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ n. 缓慢行进 (20)
protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护 (69)
proudly /ˈpraʊdli/ adv. 自豪地，
骄傲地
(39)
publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v. 发表
(42)
pull /pʊl/ v. 拉；扯；拖
(5)
R
rainbow /ˈreɪnbəʊ/ n. 彩虹
(24)
receive /rɪˈsiːv/ v. 得到，收到
(58)
record /rɪˈkɔːd/ v. 录制；录（音）
(15)
recording /rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/ n. 录制品
(15)
reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少；降低
(11)
refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 不接受，拒绝 (11)
relationship /rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp/ n. 联系，
关联
(53)
relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 家人；亲戚 (69)
relaxed /rɪˈlækst/ adj. 放松的
(60)
reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ v. 回答，答复
(37)
research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ n. 研究，探索 (28)
return /rɪˈtɜːn/ v. 返回
(53)
review /rɪˈvjuː/ n. 评论
(12)
rich /rɪtʃ/ adj. 有钱的，富有的 (19)
rising /ˈraɪzɪŋ/ adj. 上升的，兴起的
(5)
Roman /ˈrəʊmən/ adj. 古罗马的 (19)
row /rəʊ/ v. 划（船）
(42)
S
scary /ˈskeəri/ adj. 可怕的
(43)
127
Vocabulary
throat /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙
(35)
throughout /θruːˈaʊt/ prep. 在整个期
间，自始至终
(69)
thunder /ˈθʌndə/ n. 雷声
(46)
tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj. 极小的
(71)
tirelessly /ˈtaɪələsli/ adv. 不知疲倦地
(46)
title /ˈtaɪtl/ n. 题目；标题
(36)
tortoise /ˈtɔːtəs/ n. 陆龟
(39)
trick /trɪk/ n. 戏法，把戏
(5)
truly /ˈtruːli/ adv. 确实地
(43)
trunk /trʌŋk/ n. 树干
(30)
typical /ˈtɪpɪkəl/ adj. 平常的
(27)
U
understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v. 懂得，
理解，明白
(11)
unique /juːˈniːk/ adj. 独一无二的，
独特的
(68)
university /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːsəti/ n. 大学 (8)
unknown /ˌʌnˈnəʊn/ adj. 不知道的，
未知的
(30)
V
valuable /ˈvæljuəbəl/ adj. 宝贵的，
有用的
(53)
verb /vɜːb/ n. 动词
(51)
vertical /ˈvɜːtɪkəl/ adj. 垂直的；
直立的
(78)
vet /vet/ n. 兽医
(56)
view /vjuː/ n. 观点，意见，想法 (60)
spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n. 精神
(22)
stamp /stæmp/ n. 邮票
(40)
stand-up /ˈstændʌp/ adj. 单人表演的
(3)
stand-up comedy 单口喜剧
(3)
step /step/ v. 跨步，迈步
(26)
stick /stɪk/ n. 棍，条
(21)
still /stɪl/ adv. 虽然如此
(21)
stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头，岩石
(30)
storage /ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/ n. 贮存，贮藏 (69)
store /stɔː/ v. 贮藏，贮存
(67)
storm /stɔːm/ n. 暴风雨
(46)
storyboard /ˈstɔːriˌbɔːd/ n. 故事板
（电影剧情梗概组图）
(14)
strange /streɪndʒ/ adj.奇怪的
(44)
stressed /strest/ adj. 焦虑的，紧张
的，无法放松的
(60)
structure /ˈstrʌktʃə/ n. 结构，构造 (70)
successful /səkˈsesfəl/ adj. 成功的
(27)
suddenly /ˈsʌdnli/ adv. 突然
(36)
sunlight /ˈsʌnlaɪt/ n. 阳光，日光 (78)
support /səˈpɔːt/ v. 支撑
(79)
surprised /səˈpraɪzd/ adj. 吃惊的，
惊奇的
(35)
T
talented /ˈtæləntɪd/ adj. 有天赋的，
有才能的
(5)
themselves /ðəmˈselvz/ pron. 他们
（或她们、它们）自己
(30)
thick /θɪk/ adj. 厚的
(75)
128
wave /weɪv/ n. 海浪，波涛
(46)
well-developed /ˌwel dɪˈveləpt/ adj.
完善的
(30)
wet /wet/ adj. 湿的
(21)
while /waɪl/ conj. 当……时，
在……时
(41)
wise /waɪz/ adj. 英明的，有智慧的
(43)
wonderland /ˈwʌndəlænd/ n. 仙境，
奇境
(42)
wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/ adj. 受伤的，
负伤的
(21)
village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 乡村，村庄
(27)
visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə/ n. 参观者
(26)
volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/ n. 志愿者，
义务工作者
(56)
voyage /ˈvɔɪ-ɪdʒ/ n. 航行
(28)
W
war /wɔː/ n. 战争
(19)
wardrobe /ˈwɔːdrəʊb/ n. 衣柜，
衣橱
(67)
washing-up /ˌwɒʃɪŋ ˈʌp/ n. 洗餐具 (72)
wasted /ˈweɪstɪd/ adj. 被浪费的 (53)
129
Vocabulary
Infinitive
Past tense
Infinitive
Past tense
am / is
was /wəz; wɒz/
come
came /keɪm/
are
were /wə; wɜː/
cost
cost /kɒst/
awake
awoke /əˈwəʊk/
cut
cut /kʌt/
bear
bore /bɔː/
deal
dealt /delt/
beat
beat /biːt/
dig
dug /dʌg/
become
became /bɪˈkeɪm/
do
did /dɪd/
begin
began /bɪˈgæn/
draw
drew /druː/
bleed
bled /bled/
dream
dreamt /dremt/,
dreamed
blow
blew /bluː/
drink
drank /dræŋk/
break
broke /brəʊk/
drive
drove /drəʊv/
bring
brought /brɔːt/
eat
ate /et; eɪt/
build
built /bɪlt/
fall
fell /fel/
burn
burnt /bɜːnt/,
burned
feed
fed /fed/
buy
bought /bɔːt/
feel
felt /felt/
can
could /kəd; kʊd/
fight
fought /fɔːt/
catch
caught /kɔːt/
find
found /faʊnd/
choose
chose /tʃəʊz/
fly
flew /fluː/
Irregular
verbs
130
Infinitive
Past tense
Infinitive
Past tense
forget
forgot /fəˈgɒt/
lend
lent /lent/
freeze
froze /frəʊz/
let
let /let/
get
got /gɒt/
lie ( 躺)
lay /leɪ/
give
gave /geɪv/
light
lit /lɪt/, lighted
go
went /went/
lose
lost /lɒst/
grow
grew /gruː/
make
made /meɪd/
hang ( 悬挂 )
hung /hʌŋ/
may
might /maɪt/
have / has
had /həd; hæd/
mean
meant /ment/
hear
heard /hɜːd/
meet
met /met/
hide
hid /hɪd/
mistake
mistook /məˈstʊk/
hit
hit /hɪt/
must
had to
hold
held /held/
pay
paid /peɪd/
hurt
hurt /hɜːt/
put
put /pʊt/
keep
kept /kept/
read
read /red/
know
knew /njuː/
ride
rode /rəʊd/
lay
laid /leɪd/
ring
rang /ræŋ/
lead
led /led/
rise
rose /rəʊz/
learn
learnt /lɜːnt/,
learned
run
ran /ræn/
leave
left /left/
say
said /sed/
131
Irregular verbs
Infinitive
Past tense
Infinitive
Past tense
see
saw /sɔː/
sell
sold /səʊld/
send
sent /sent/
stand
stood /stʊd/
set
set /set/
steal
stole /stəʊl/
shake
shook /ʃʊk/
stick
stuck /stʌk/
shall
should /ʃəd; ʃʊd/
sweep
swept /swept/
shine
shone /ʃɒn/
swim
swam /swæm/
shoot
shot /ʃɒt/
take
took /tʊk/
show
showed
teach
taught /tɔːt/
shut
shut /ʃʌt/
tell
told /təʊld/
sing
sang /sæŋ/
think
thought /θɔːt/
sit
sat /sæt/
throw
threw /θruː/
sleep
slept /slept/
understand
understood
/ˌʌndəˈstʊd/
smell
smelt /smelt/,
smelled
wake
woke /wəʊk/
speak
spoke /spəʊk/
wear
wore /wɔː/
spell
spelt /spelt/,
spelled
will
would /wʊd/
spend
spent /spent/
win
won /wʌn/
spread
spread /spred/
write
wrote /rəʊt/
132
后 记
本套初中英语教科书由程晓堂教授担任主编，全国优秀教育教学专家、教
研员和一线教师担任编者，由教育科学出版社和外语教学与研究出版社联合
出版。
本套教材的编写得到了广大教研员和一线教师的无私帮助。他们提供的宝
贵意见和建议使教材内容和设计更加科学合理，更加贴合一线教学需求。
众多专家学者、社会各界人士及组织的支持保证了教材语言真实地道、内
容丰富鲜活。本册第二单元“综合实践”部分第三张配图由Garry Todd 提供。
第五单元“语言运用”部分活动4 的配图由Creative Commons Attribution 提
供；“文化广角”部分课文的第一张配图及文字由任军先生提供与授权。在此，
我们一并表示诚挚的谢意。
我们真诚地欢迎广大师生和社会各界人士在使用过程中提出宝贵意见，帮
助我们共同打造培根铸魂、启智增慧的精品教材。
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