过关卷选择性必修第一册
（时间120分钟，满分150分）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
What do you think robots are capable of? You might be able to find one that fits your needs at the World Robot
Conference(WRC) 2022 in Beijing. Held from Aug 18 to 21, more than 500 robots were on display at the WRC,
according to Xinhua. From human-like robots that look surprisingly lively to robots that can make jianbing 24
hours a day, this year’s WRC showed quite a few cutting-edge inventions.
Technology in agriculture
A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot
can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size, according to CCTV. The robot first locates the fruit and
then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then
categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. Wu Jiafeng, the exhibitor of the fruit- picking robot, told
CCTV that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection
and weeding.
Robots fighting COVID-19
Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A
nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the
WRC． It looks like a vending machine(自动售卖机), but the robot can collect throat swabs, process samples, as
well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes, according to China Daily. The whole process will not
require the involvement of humans or laboratories.
Inventions of the youth
Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Students from BDA School of
the High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China had their own exhibition at the WRC． Despite their
young age, the students brought fascinating inventions and ideas. For example Wang Jiarun, a junior student at the
school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older
residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheelwith six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.
1．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this article?
A．To state the importance of robots.
B．To advertise three kinds of robots.
C．To introduce some front-line inventions of robots.
D．To explore the features of young people’s inventions.
2．What does the article tell us about the nucleic acid test robot?
A．It can save manpower.
B．It looks like a lively human.
C．It processes samples with the help of doctors.
D．It can produce and upload the results in half an hour.
3．Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?
A．To keep the balance of the facility.
B．To prevent cars from being stolen.
C．To decorate current parking spaces.
D．To make the best of limited spaces.
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，通过三个例子介绍了前沿尖端机器人发明。
1．C【解析】推理判断题。由第一段“From human-like robots that look surprisingly lively to robots that can
make jianbing 24 hours a day, this year’s WRC showed quite a few cutting-edge inventions. (从栩栩如生令人称
奇的仿生人形机器人，到可以24小时摊煎饼的机器人，今年的WRC展示了不少尖端发明)”可知，本文旨
在介绍今年WRC展示上出现的一些前沿尖端机器人发明，下文具体介绍了三个具体例子：“Technology in
agriculture (科学助农的机器人)”、“Robots fighting COVID-19 (抗击新冠的机器人)”和“Inventions of the
youth (青少年的发明)”。故选C项。
2．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“It looks like a vending machine(自动售卖机), but the robot can
collect throat swabs, process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes, according to
China Daily. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories. (据《中国日报》报道，
这款机器人看起来像一台自动售货机，但能在45分钟内收集、处理咽拭子样本，还能检测并上传结果，整
个过程无需人工或实验室参与)”可知这款核酸检测机器人无需人工参与，所以节约了人力成本。故选A项。
3．D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential
areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. (由于老旧小区的停车位通常较少，王梓润的发明旨在将更多的汽车泊入现有的停车位)”可知该停车设施设计成摩天轮形状目的是为了充分利用有限
空间，让更多车辆泊入现有的停车位，所以D选项“To make the best of limited spaces (充分利用有限的空
间)”符合题意。故选D项。
B
John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving
problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might
lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he
received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph. D in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well
enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first
book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6
full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure
mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories
into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several
fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally
very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society
and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a
firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving
ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the
right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”
4．John von Neumann also learned chemistry because ______.
A．his father didn’t trust his talent in learning mathematics
B．he believed he could live a wealthy life learning chemistry
C．his father worried about his income as a mathematician
D．he had the gift for solving problems at a high speed
5．How old was John von Neumann when he published his first book?A．25. B．26. C．29. D．32.
6．How did World War Ⅱ affect John von Neumann?
A．He realized the importance of engineering.
B．He began to research how to put mathematics into practice.
C．He left college and served at the government department.
D．He was no longer interested in chemistry.
7．Which of the following can best describe John von Neumann?
A．Intelligent and humorous. B．Smart but indecisive.
C．Brave and calm. D．Kind and easy-going.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名科学家冯·诺伊曼的生平经历和取得的重大成就。
4．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a
mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study
chemistry as well. (17岁时，冯·诺伊曼的父亲劝他不要成为一名数学家，因为当数学家可能会过着贫穷的生
活，所以他也同意学习化学。)”可知，因为他父亲担心他作为数学家的收入，所以冯·诺伊曼也学习了化学。
故选C项。
5．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and
a Ph. D in mathematics. (1926年，23岁的他获得了化学工程学位和数学博士学位。)”和第二段中的“His
first book was published in 1932. (他的第一本书出版于1932年。)”可知，冯·诺伊曼1926年时是23岁，他出
版第一本书的时候是1932年，那时他29岁。故选C项。
6．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann’s areas of interest.
Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best
mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. (第二次世界大战极大地改变了冯·诺伊曼感兴趣的
领域。直到1940年，他一直是一位伟大的纯粹数学家。在战争期间和战后，他成为将数学理论付诸实践的
最优秀的数学家之一。)”可知，第二次世界大战让冯·诺伊曼开始研究如何把数学应用于实践。故选B项。
7．A【解析】推理判断题。根据文中描述的冯·诺伊曼惊人的学习能力，以及他在理论数学、应用数学和
计算机等领域取得的巨大成就可知，他非常聪明。再结合最后一段中“He reported one accident this way: “I
was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour.
Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.” (他这样报告了一起事故：“我在路上开车。右边的树以每小时60
英里的速度有序地从我身边经过。突然，其中一个挡住了我的去路。”)”可知，他在描述开车事故时，将
自己与树木之间的动与静的状态颠倒，让人忍俊不禁，由此可知他很幽默。故选A项。C
With new advances in AI and autonomous driverless cars and trains, it makes sense that this mode of
transportation could be expanded to buses, too. Now a full-sized autonomous bus service is up and running in
Scotland. The buses began running in May, 2023, and are carrying passengers between Ferrytoll Park and the
Edinburgh Park train and tram exchange. This 14-mile route is the first of its kind in the UK.
The autonomous buses are being operated by Stagecoach, the largest coach operator in the UK. While the
buses are autonomous, fully self-driving vehicles are not currently permitted in the UK so a driver has to be
onboard at all times.
The vehicles are required to have a safety driver to monitor the technology and a bus captain that will help
passengers board and purchase tickets. The driver can take control in case of an emergency situation. And the
vehicles use sensors to travel on specific routes and can reach the top speed of 50 miles per hour.
It took almost 10 years of research and development to reach this milestone, which is considered the first full-
size use of autonomous buses in Europe. Scottish transport minister, Kevin Stewart, said in a press release, “It’s
really exciting to see the innovative and ambitious CAVForth project take to the roads after all the hard work of the
partner organizations involved in bringing this world first to Scotland.” This project was one of six to receive
funding from a joint UK government and industries undertaking to speed up the commercialization of self-driving
technology, reported The Guardian. The government hopes the autonomous buses will be faster and more reliable
to use than conventional buses since 88% of road accidents are caused by drivers’ errors.
Other countries in Europe are exploring using driverless buses. There have already been short trials in several
cities in Italy, Finland and France and there’re plans for driverless electric minibuses to be introduced in
Switzerland, Germany and Norway. An autonomous bus may be just around the corner in a city near you.
8．A driver is needed in an autonomous bus to ________.
A．monitor the route B．deal with emergencies
C．direct the bus D．help passengers buy tickets
9．What does the author indicate in paragraph 4?
A．It is very easy to develop the driverless buses. B．The autonomous buses won’t cause accidents.
C．Scotland becomes popular for the driverless buses. D．The UK government values the autonomous buses.
10．Which of the following can best describe the future of autonomous buses?
A．Promising. B．Hopeless. C．Worrying. D．Uncertain.11．What could be a suitable title for the text?
A．Autonomous Buses Are Widely Used in the UK B．Self-driving Technology Has Been a Hit
C．Autonomous Buses Hit the Road in the UK D．Conventional Buses Are Much Safer
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种全尺寸的自动驾驶巴士服务已经在苏格兰投入使用。这些
巴士于2023年5月开始运行，在费里托尔公园和爱丁堡公园的火车和电车交换站之间运送乘客。这条长达
14英里的路线是英国首条此类路线。
8．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The vehicles are required to have a safety driver to monitor the
technology and a bus captain that will help passengers board and purchase tickets. The driver can take control in
case of an emergency situation.”（这些车辆需要配备一名安全驾驶员来监控这项技术，并配备一名巴士队长
来帮助乘客上车和购票。在紧急情况下，司机可以控制车辆。）可知，自动驾驶巴士需要司机来处理紧急
情况。故选B项。
9．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“This project was one of six to receive funding from a joint UK
government and industries undertaking to speed up the commercialization of self-driving technology, reported The
Guardian. The government hopes the autonomous buses will be faster and more reliable to use than conventional
buses since 88% of road accidents are caused by drivers’ errors.”（据《卫报》报道，该项目是英国政府和工业
界联合资助的六个项目之一，旨在加快自动驾驶技术的商业化。由于88%的交通事故是由司机的失误造成
的，政府希望自动驾驶公交车比传统公交车更快、更可靠。）可推知，英国政府重视自动驾驶公交车。故
选D项。
10．A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Other countries in Europe are exploring using driverless
buses. There have already been short trials in several cities in Italy, Finland and France and there’re plans for
driverless electric minibuses to be introduced in Switzerland, Germany and Norway. An autonomous bus may be
just around the corner in a city near you.”（欧洲其他国家也在探索使用无人驾驶公交车。意大利、芬兰和法
国的几个城市已经进行了短期试验，瑞士、德国和挪威也计划推出无人驾驶电动小巴。自动驾驶巴士可能
就在你附近的某个城市的拐角处。）可推知，自动驾驶公交车的未来是很有希望的。故选A项。
11．C【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Now a full-sized autonomous bus service is up and
running in Scotland. The buses began running in May, 2023, and are carrying passengers between Ferrytoll Park
and the Edinburgh Park train and tram exchange. This 14-mile route is the first of its kind in the UK.”（现在，一
种全尺寸的自动驾驶巴士服务已经在苏格兰投入使用。这些巴士于2023年5月开始运行，在费里托尔公园
和爱丁堡公园的火车和电车交换站之间运送乘客。这条长达14英里的路线是英国首条此类路线。）可知，
文章主要讲的是一种全尺寸的自动驾驶巴士服务已经在苏格兰投入使用。这些巴士于2023年5月开始运行，在费里托尔公园和爱丁堡公园的火车和电车交换站之间运送乘客。故文章最适合的标题是“自动驾驶公交
车在英国上路”。故选C项。
D
Could a new treatment developed by the US company Lilly mean “the beginning of the end” of Alzheimer’s?
Could we even cure it some day? These are headlines and questions swirling (流传) around after news of a new
drug, called donanemab, showed promising results in phase-3 trials.
The brain science behind Alzheimer’s is complex, but CT and MRJ scans suggest that poisonous changes
occur in the brain, including the abnormal build-up of proteins called amyloid plaques and tau tangles. The damage
starts in the parts of the brain essential for forming memories but then spreads throughout the organ, with brain
tissue shrinking significantly.
Developing treatments for Alzheimer’s has been a challenge, with almost 20 years passing with no new drugs.
But in the last year, two new ones have emerged: donanemab and lecanemab. Neither are cures or magic bullets for
the disease, but they do address key symptoms. They target the amyloid proteins that can accumulate in the brain
and damage neurons, slowing down its progression.
While this news is exciting, there are major caveats. One is whether it will ever become available on the NHS.
The cost is estimated to be about £20,000 per person per year of treatment.
Another is the serious side effects: in the study, brain swelling occurred in 24% of participants and brain
bleeding occurred in 31.4% on the drug compared with 13.6% in the placebo (安慰剂) group. There were also three
deaths during the trial.
Part of the problem for me, as an academic, in assessing the drug is that the full results of the trial haven’t yet
been shared publicly or published in a peer-review journal. We cannot access the full data or examine the trial yet,
and there is always a motivation for private companies to overstate the effectiveness of new drugs. Trial results
need to be assessed by an independent body of experts.
While it is unlikely to change clinical practice until at least 2025, the news of donanemab is again an
indication that science is continuing to make progress when it comes to treating the major causes of illness and
death, even one related to the highly complex inner workings of the brain, So, there are caveats and the need for
caution, but these new drugs are indeed the grounds for that rare thing these days: hope.
12．What can we learn about Alzheimer’s from the passage?
A．There exists a new drug to cure it completely.B．Most people will develop Alzheimer’s when they are old.
C．It is caused by the accumulation of some proteins in the brain.
D．It results from the loss of memories as people get older.
13．What does the underlined word “caveats” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Warnings. B．Discussions. C．Debates. D．Weaknesses.
14．What is the problem of the new drug according to the author as an academic?
A．It has serious side effects such as brain bleeding and deaths.
B．The effectiveness may be blown up without fair assessment.
C．The cost of the new drug is out of reach for ordinary people.
D．There is no possibility for new drugs to be admitted into the NHS.
15．What is the author’s attitude towards the new drug?
A．Approving. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Indifferent.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为donanemab的新药在三期临床试验中显示有一定疗
效，这给阿尔茨海默氏病患者带来了希望。
12．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“The brain science behind Alzheimer’s is complex, but CT and MRJ
scans suggest that poisonous changes occur in the brain, including the abnormal build-up of proteins called amyloid
plaques and tau tangles. The damage starts in the parts of the brain essential for forming memories but then spreads
throughout the organ, with brain tissue shrinking significantly. (阿尔茨海默氏症背后的脑科学是复杂的，但CT
和MRJ扫描表明，大脑中发生了有毒的变化，包括淀粉样斑块和tau蛋白缠结的异常积聚。这种损伤始于
大脑中对形成记忆至关重要的部分，然后扩散到整个器官，脑组织明显萎缩)”及第三段中的“They target
the amyloid proteins that can accumulate in the brain and damage neurons, slowing down its progression. (它们的
目标是淀粉样蛋白，淀粉样蛋白会在大脑中积聚，损害神经元，减缓其进展)”可知，大脑中某些蛋白质的
积累引起了阿尔茨海默氏病。故选C。
13．A【解析】词句猜测题。根据下文中的“One is whether it will ever become available on the NHS. The cost
is estimated to be about £20,000 per person per year of treatment. (一个是它是否会在国民医疗服务体系中普及。
据估计，每人每年的治疗费用约为2万英镑)”可知，有一些重要的注意事项。由此可知，划线词caveats与
warnings“提醒”意义相近。故选A。
14．B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“We cannot access the full data or examine the trial yet, and
there is always a motivation for private companies to overstate the effectiveness of new drugs. Trial results need to
be assessed by an independent body of experts. (我们还无法获得完整的数据或检查试验，而且私营公司总是有夸大新药有效性的动机。试验结果需要由一个独立的专家机构进行评估)”可推知，新药的有效性可能会
在未经公正评估的情况下被夸大。故选B。
15．A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So, there are caveats and the need for caution, but these new
drugs are indeed the grounds for that rare thing these days: hope. (因此，有一些警告和谨慎的需要，但这些新
药确实是当今罕见的东西的基础：希望)”可推知，作者对这种药持赞同的态度。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
项。
When you’re meeting someone for the first time, you’re eager to make a good impression. Your body language
can make a great difference.
●Shake hands firmly
Weak handshakes can make you seem shy and anything but confident. 16 . You won’t impress
anyone by giving them a painful hand.
● 17
Stand up straight, but don’t tighten, or you may look nervous. Be sure to check your posture and straighten up
as needed.
●Keep a suitable amount of eye contact
18 . Not only are you paying attention, but you’re interested as well. Whenever there is a natural
pause in the conversation, feel free to casually glance at something else. Eye contact is good, but non-stop staring
can be a little unsettling!
●Nod and smile when proper
Try nodding three times to show that you’re really absorbing what he is saying. 19 ! If you turn up
the corners of your mouth but your eyes remain neutral (不带感情色彩的), you could leave a bad impression.
●Laugh genuinely
Even if you’re in a formal setting, if he has clearly said something that was intended to encourage a laugh,
laugh! Show him that you have a sense of humor, and you’re listening to what he is saying. 20 , laughter
is a great way to help you look cheerful.
A．Keep your posture relaxed
B．Keep your feet close together
C．This applies to both sitting and standing
D．If you’re in a state of anxiety or tensionE．Your handshake should be firm but not too tight
F．It is important to keep eye contact in a conversation
G．When it comes to smiling, make sure it reaches your eyes
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在第一次见到别人时如何用肢体语言给别人留下好印象的方
法。
16．E【解析】【解析】根据标题“Shake hands firmly(用力握手)”与空前的“Weak handshakes can make you
seem shy and anything but confident. (微弱的握手会让你看起来很害羞，一点也不自信)”可知，本段内容与
handshake有关，与E项“Your handshake should be firm but not too tight(你的握手应该坚定，但不要太紧)”
上下文一致，空前的handshakes与E项中的handshake呼应；空后的“You won’t impress anyone by giving
them a painful hand.(你不会通过给他们一个痛苦的手来打动任何人)”与E项中的“but not too tight”呼应。故
选E项。
17．A【解析】根据下文“Stand up straight, but don’t tighten, or you may look nervous. Be sure to check your
posture and straighten up as needed. (站直，但不要收紧，否则你可能会看起来很紧张。请务必检查你的姿势
并根据需要挺直身体)”可知，本段主要是强调姿势方面的注意事项，与A项“Keep your posture relaxed(保
持姿势放松)”上下文一致，其中don’t tighten与A项中的relaxed呼应。故选A项。
18．F【解析】根据本段小标题“Keep a suitable amount of eye contact(保持适量的眼神交流)”可知，本段内
容与eye contact有关，与F项“It is important to keep eye contact in a conversation(在对话中保持眼神交流很
重要)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选F项。
19．G【解析】根据下文中的“I you turn up the comers of your mouth but your eyes remain neutral(不带感情
色彩的), you could leave a bad impression. (我把嘴巴翘起来，但你的眼睛保持中立，你可能会留下不好的印
象)”可知，微笑需要由衷的而不能浮于表面，与G项“When it comes to smiling, make sure it reaches your
eyes(说到微笑，确保它到达你的眼睛)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选G项。
20．D【解析】根据下文“laughter is a great way to help you look cheerful(笑是帮助你看起来开朗的好方法)”
可知，如果你正处于焦虑或紧张的状态，笑是帮助你看起来快乐的好方法，与D项“If you’re in a state of
anxiety or tension(如果你处于焦虑或紧张状态)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Matthew Shifrin turned 13, he got a life-changing birthday present from his friend, Lilya Finkel.
It was an 843-piece Middle Easten 21 palace. And with it were instructions that Finkel made 22
for it. Finkel invented a unique name for every piece in the palace set. Then she spent countless hours typingbuilding 23 in Braille (盲文) that spelled out how to 24 them all together.
His mind was 25 . As a blind person, he had never before been able to complete a Lego set on his own,
Shifrin knew immediately that he had to help other blind children find the same 26 .
Shifrin says, “For blind people, Lego sets act as small 3D 27 for real-life buildings instead of two-
dimensional photographs. Lego bricks allow me to see things that are 28 to explore by touch.”
For years after that incredible Lego experience, he created similar instructions for about 45 other Lego sets,
together with Finkel, all published on a website they created, “Lego for the 29 ”.
Shifrin began 30 to Lego several years ago to discuss his work, 31 it was in 2017, when
Finkel died of cancer, that he finally connected with the right person.
His years-long devotion 32 when the Lego company released its first audio and Braille building
instructions. The project is a high-tech version of what Shifrin and Finkel did for their 33 .
It couldn’t have been completed without Shifrin’s 34 or without his determination.
He just wished Finkel had been here to see it. “I think she’d be very glad that we came this 35 ,”
Shifrin said.
21．A．wood B．paper C．puzzle D．Lego
22．A．directly B．cautiously C．especially D．regularly
23．A．regulations B．requirements C．instructions D．competence
24．A．gather B．fit C．fix D．mix
25．A．shocked B．challenged C．troubled D．eased
26．A．independence B．connection C．truth D．balance
27．A．designs B．patterns C．replacements D．arrangements
28．A．natural B．impractical C．easy D．normal
29．A．Young B．Inventive C．Curious D．Blind
30．A．reaching out B．hiring out C．catching on D．looking up
31．A．so B．but C．and D．though
32．A．took off B．brought out C．got through D．paid off
33．A．website B．friends C．company D．school
34．A．involvement B．preparation C．encouragement D．recommendation
35．A．deep B．long C．far D．fast
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Lilya Finkel为自己的盲人朋友Matthew Shifrin亲手制作了乐
高的盲文搭建说明书，由此Shifrin得到了帮助更多盲童的灵感，于是两人共同创建了网站，为盲童制作更多的乐高积木盲文搭建说明书。虽然后来Finkel去世了，但在Shifrin的不懈努力下，最终乐高公司发布了
有声盲文搭建说明书。
21．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一座由843块积木组成的中东乐高宫殿。A. wood木材；B.
paper纸；C. puzzle拼图；D. Lego乐高积木。根据下文“As a blind person, he had never before been able to
complete a Lego set on his own”可知，Finkel送给Shifrin的生日礼物是乐高积木宫殿。故选D。
22．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：还有Finkel特地为它做的说明书。A. directly直接地；B.
cautiously谨慎地；C. especially尤其，特地；D. regularly定期地。根据下文“Finkel invented a unique name
for every piece in the palace set. Then she spent countless hours typing building ___23___ in Braille (盲文) that
spelled out how to ___24___ them all together.”可知，因为Shifrin是盲人，所以Finkel花了很多时间和精力特
地制作了盲文版的说明书，以便让Shifrin搭建积木。故选C。
23．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她花了无数个小时用盲文输入搭建说明书，详细说明如何
将它们安装在一起。A. regulations法规；B. requirements要求；C. instructions说明；D. competence能力。
根据上文“with it were instructions”可知，Finkel输入的是盲文版的说明书，此处instructions是同词复现。
故选C。
24．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她花了无数个小时用盲文输入搭建说明书，详细说明如何
将它们安装在一起。A. gather收集；B. fit安装；C. fix修复；D. mix混合。根据下文“them all together”和
搭建乐高的常识可知，玩乐高的人需要把积木安装组合在一起。故选B。
25．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的头脑是震惊的。A. shocked震惊的；B. challenged受到挑战
的；C. troubled烦恼的；D. eased放松的。根据下文“As a blind person, he had never before been able to
complete a Lego set on his own”可知，Shifrin因为看不见，所以从来没有独立完成过一套乐高积木，因此
Finkel的礼物会让他震惊。故选A。
26．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个盲人，他从来没有能够独立完成一套乐高积木，Shifrin
立刻意识到他必须帮助其他盲童找到同样的独立。A. independence独立；B. connection连接；C. truth真理；
D. balance平衡。根据上文“As a blind person, he had never before been able to complete a Lego set on his own”
可知，Shifrin因为看不见，所以从来没有独立完成过一套乐高积木，现在Finkel的礼物可以帮助他独立完
成了，因此他想让其他盲童体验这样的独立。故选A。
27．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于盲人来说，乐高积木是真实建筑的小型3D替代品，而不是
二维照片。A. designs设计；B. patterns模式；C. replacements替代品；D. arrangements安排。根据上文
“small 3D”和下文“instead of two-dimensional photographs”可推知，与二维照片相比，乐高积木是三维的，
盲人可以用手去真实地感知，因此是真实建筑的小型替代品。故选C。28．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乐高积木让我看到了无法通过触摸探索的东西。A. natural天然
的；B. impractical不切实际的；C. easy容易的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“to explore by touch”和Shifrin
是盲人的事实可知，那些建筑一类的东西对于Shifrin来说是无法通过触摸去探索的，即通过触摸去探索是
不切实际的。故选B。
29．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那次令人难以置信的乐高经历之后的几年里，他和Finkel一
起为其他45套乐高积木制作了类似的说明书，所有这些都发布在他们创建的“给盲人的乐高”网站上。A.
Young年轻的；B. Inventive有创造力的；C. Curious好奇的；D. Blind盲的，失明的。根据上文“he created
similar instructions for about 45 other Lego sets”可知，他制作了类似的盲文版的说明书，因此是给盲人的乐
高。故选D。
30．【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：几年前，Shifrin开始联系乐高公司讨论他的工作，但直到
2017年，Finkel死于癌症，他才终于找到了合适的人。A. reaching out主动联系；B. hiring out出租；C.
catching on意识到；D. looking up抬头看。根据下文“he finally connected with the right person”可知，他是
在联系乐高公司，想讨论他的工作。故选A。
31．【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：几年前，Shifrin开始联系乐高公司讨论他的工作，但直到2017年，
Finkel死于癌症，他才终于找到了合适的人。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. and并；D. though虽然。根据上
文“Shifrin began ___30___ to Lego several years ago to discuss his work”和下文“it was in 2017, when Finkel
died of cancer, that he finally connected with the right person”可知，Shifrin开始联系是在几年前，而最终取得
联系却过了很久，中间还发生了变故，因此上下文之间语义有转折，应用but来连接。故选B。
32．【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当乐高公司发布了第一份有声盲文搭建说明书时，他多年的
投入取得了成功。A. took off脱下；B. brought out出版；C. got through成功度过；D. paid off取得成功。根
据下文“the Lego company released its first audio and Braille building instructions”可知，乐高公司最终发布了
第一份有声盲文搭建说明书，因此是他多年的投入取得了成功。故选D。
33．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目是Shifrin和Finkel为他们的网站所做的一个高科技版本。
A. website网站；B. friends朋友；C. company公司；D. school学校。根据上文“all published on a website
they created”可知，当时两人是创建了网站，发表他们的盲文搭建说明书，此处表示乐高公司发布的是那个
网站的高科技版本，website是同词复现。故选A。
34．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有Shifrin的参与，没有他的决心，它是不可能完成的。A.
involvement参与；B. preparation准备；C. encouragement鼓励；D. recommendation建议。根据上文Shifrin
费心制作盲文搭建说明书，创建网站发布说明书，而且不懈地联系乐高公司的人可知，他全程参与了这个
项目。故选A。35．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我想她会很高兴我们走了这么远，”Shifrin说。A. deep深深地；
B. long长久地；C. far远地；D. fast快速地。根据上文从Finkel的一个用心的礼物开始，两人共同努力，最
终让这个项目成功可知，此处表示两人走了很远，取得了很大的成就。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although failing to qualify for the FIFA World Cup finals soccer tournament in Qatar in 2022, China has made
huge 36 (contribute) to the largest global sporting event.
China was responsible 37 building Stadium 974 in Qatar. It was assembled (组装) from 974
containers by China International Marine Containers in Shenzhen, 38 means it can be completely taken
apart.
1815 buses, including 888 electric powered 39 (one), from Higer Bus Co in Suzhou, 40
(deliver) to Qatar last year. It was the first time that new energy buses from China 41 (use) at a major
global sporting event.
42 wide range of Chinese items were available at the tournament, including key rings, horns, flags,
clothing and shoes from Yiwu, Zhejiang and Jinjiang, Fujian Province, as well as fireworks from Liuyang, Hunan
Province. If the elements provided by China for Qatar event were contesting a “global manufacturing World Cup”,
“Team China” was 43 (sure) a popular winner.
Soccer has the power 44 (bring) people together and such an 45 (influence) event will
boost global consumption potential. Chinese brands are entering the international market in a more imperceptible
(感觉不到的) way and resonating (引起共鸣) with global users.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国为卡塔尔世界杯做出了巨大贡献，从中国建造的体育场馆、
道路到在世界杯期间为来自不同国家的数千名球迷、官员和记者提供穿梭服务的客车，再到来自浙江义乌
和福建省晋江的钥匙圈、号角、旗帜、衣服和鞋子，以及来自湖南浏阳的烟花等等。
36．contributions【解析】考查可数名词的复数。句意：尽管未能获得2022年在卡塔尔举行的国际足联世
界杯决赛资格，但中国为这项全球最大的体育赛事做出了巨大贡献。contribution“贡献”，此处为可数名词，
构成固定搭配make contributions to“对……作出贡献”，此处应为名词复数形式。故填contributions。
37．for【解析】考查介词。句意：中国负责建造卡塔尔974体育场。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be
responsible for“对……负责”，所以此处为介词for的填入。故填for。
38．which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它是由深圳的中国国际海运集装箱公司(China International
Marine containers)用974个集装箱组装而成的，这意味着它可以完全拆开。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
39．ones【解析】考查代词。句意：去年，苏州海格客车有限公司向卡塔尔交付了1815辆客车，其中包括
888辆电动客车。根据前面888可知，为大于一的数字，所以此处应为代词one的复数形式。故填ones。
40．were delivered【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：去年，苏州海格客车有限公司向卡塔尔
交付了1815辆客车，其中包括888辆电动客车。根据时间状语last year可知，描述的是过去的事情，所以
用一般过去时，deliver和主语1815 buses复数名词之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态结构。故填were
delivered。
41．had been used【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这是中国新能源客车首次在大型国际体育赛事中
亮相。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型It was the first time that…，从句应用过去完成时，use和主语new
energy buses之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填had been used。
42．A【解析】考查冠词。句意：比赛中有各种各样的中国物品，包括来自浙江义乌和福建晋江的钥匙扣、
喇叭、旗帜、服装和鞋子，以及来自湖南浏阳的烟花。a wide range of“各种各样的”为固定搭配，所以此
处为冠词A的填入。故填A。
43．surely【解析】考查副词。句意：如果中国为卡塔尔赛事提供的元素是在争夺“全球制造业世界杯”，
那么“中国之队”无疑是一个受欢迎的赢家。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词surely作状语修饰句子。
故填surely。
44．to bring【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：足球具有将人们聚集在一起的力量，如此有影响力的赛事将
提升全球消费潜力。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配have the power to do sth“有做某事的力量”，所以此
处为动词不定式作后置定语修饰power。故填to bring。
45．influential【解析】考查形容词。句意：足球具有将人们聚集在一起的力量，如此有影响力的赛事将提
升全球消费潜力。由空后event为名词可知，此处为形容词influential作定语修饰该名词。故填influential。
第三部分 用单词的适当形式完成句子（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
46． you go home or stay here won’t make any difference to us.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：你回家还是留在这里对我们来说都没有关系。此处表示“无论是……还
是……”句型为whether...or...，引导主语从句，首字母大写。故填Whether 。
47． concerned her most was that her daughter was often laughed at by other kids because of her
disability.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：她最担心的是她的女儿因为残疾经常被其他孩子嘲笑。“ concerned hermost”是主语从句，从句中缺主语，结合句意，表示让她最担心的“事情”，用连接代词what引导该从句；
句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
48．She has two sons, both of are doctors.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她有两个儿子，他们都是医生。分析句子可知，逗号后非限制性定语从句，
先行词是sons，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom，故填whom。
49． is known to all, China is a developing country.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词
引导定语从句，先行词是逗号后整句；又因关系词置于句首，且有 “正如……，正像……”的意思，所
以空处需用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句；句首单词，首字母需大写。故填As。
50．If you insist leaving now, please go ahead.
【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意：如果你坚持要走，那就走吧。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语insist on
doing“坚持做某事”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词on的填入。故填on。
51．We give (prefer) to applicants with some experience.
【答案】preference
【解析】考查名词。句意：我们优先考虑有经验的申请人。根据give可知，此处应用所给词的名词形式
preference（不可数），作动词give的宾语。故填preference。
52． (adopt) by the committee, his plan will be used in many fields to improve people’s life.
【答案】Adopted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：经委员会通过，他的计划将用于许多领域，以改善人们的生活。分析句
子，句中will be used为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，句中his plan和adopt之间是被动关系，故使用
过去分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Adopted。
53．It is no good (read) without understanding.
【答案】reading
【解析】考查动名词。句意：没有理解就没有好的阅读。it is no good doing sth“做某事是没有好处的”，动
名词作主语，it作形式主语。故填reading。
54．The bird was lucky enough to escape (kill).
【答案】being killed
【解析】考查动名词，句意：这只鸟侥幸逃过一劫。分析句子可知，这里考查escape doing sth表“逃脱做某事”，The little bird与kill在逻辑上是被动关系，所以这里应用动名词的被动形式being killed。故填
being killed。
55．After Tom quit (smoke), he felt his health improved greatly.
【答案】smoking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆戒烟后，感到身体大有好转。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配
quit doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填smoking。
第四部分 汉译英（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
56．几次尝试都失败了，这令她心烦意乱。
【答案】Several attempts failed, which left/made her upset/unsettled. / Several attempts failed, leaving/making her
upset/unsettled. / Several fruitless attempts left/made her upset/unsettled.
【解析】考查时态、定语从句和现在分词。动作已发生，时态用一般过去时，表示“几次尝试”应用
several attempts，表示“失败”应用谓语动词fail；表示“令她心烦意乱”可用which引导非限制性定语从
句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，leave/make+宾语+宾补，形容词upset/unsettled (心烦意乱的)作宾补，翻
译为leave/make her upset/unsettled (使她心烦意乱)，此处动作发生在过去应用一般过去时；或用现在分词短
语作结果状语，翻译为leaving/making her upset/unsettled。或翻译为several fruitless attempts (几次徒劳的尝
试)，leave/make用一般过去时。故翻译为Several attempts failed, which left/made her upset/unsettled. / Several
attempts failed, leaving/making her upset/unsettled. / Several fruitless attempts left/made her upset/unsettled.
57．人们普遍认为他是我国最杰出的医学专家之一。
【答案】It is generally acknowledged that he is one of the most extraordinary medical experts in our country.
【解析】考查固定句式和时态。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。表示“人们普遍认为”应用固
定句式it is generally acknowledged that，it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。表示“最……之
一”应用one of+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最杰出的”应用the most extraordinary，表示“医学专
家”应用medical expert，表示“在我国”应用in our country。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为It is
generally acknowledged that he is one of the most extraordinary medical experts in our country.
58．我发现我父亲在等我回家。(用“find+宾语+宾补”结构翻译句子)
【答案】I found my father waiting for me to come home/ my running home.
【解析】考查固定句型。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。“我”为主语I，“发现”为动词
find，“我父亲”为my father，“等我回家”为动词短语wait for me to come home/wait for my runninghome，此处为find+宾语+宾语补足语结构，宾语 father和动词wait是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足
语，故整句翻译为I found my father waiting for me to come home/ my running home.。
59．我们呼吁更多的人来保护濒危动物。(appeal to sb. to do sth)
【答案】We appeal to more people to protect endangered animals.
【解析】考查短语和时态。分析句子可知，句子是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，意群可分为
“我们”，“呼吁”，“更多的人”，“保护濒危动物”。对应的英语表达分别为：主语We，谓语
appeal to, 宾语 more people,宾补 to protect endangered animals.本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时。根据句子
结构和句式提示，故答案为：We appeal to more people to protect endangered animals.
60．Jane 更喜欢自己解决问题而不是向他人寻求帮助。
【答案】Jane would rather deal with the problem by herself than ask others for help.
Jane prefers to deal with the problem by herself rather than ask others for help.
Jane prefers dealing with the problem by herself to asking others for help.
【解析】考查固定搭配和动词时态。表示“更喜欢……而不是……”应用固定句型would rather do...than
do.../prefer to do...rather than do.../prefer doing...to doing...；表示“解决”应用deal with，在前两个句型中使
用动词原形，第三个句型中使用动名词形式；表示“问题”应用the problem；表示“靠自己”应用by
herself；表示“向某人求助”应用ask sb. for help，在前两个句型中，使用动词原形，在第三个句型中使用
动名词形式；表示“其他人”应用others；句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Jane，谓语动词
使用第三人称单数形式。故翻译成：Jane would rather deal with the problem by herself than ask others for
help./Jane prefers to deal with the problem by herself rather than ask others for help./Jane prefers dealing with the
problem by herself to asking others for help.。
第五部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
61．你校英文报社正在开展以“未来的衣服”为主题的征文活动。请你用英文写一篇短文，从材质、功能
及特征等方面描述你想象中的未来衣服。
注意：
1.词数80词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
With the rapid development of science and technology, future clothes in my mind will be quit different from now.
Firstly, they will be very light and tough as well as environmentally friendly because they will be made of
recycled material. Secondly, they will change color and temperature by themselves. In other words, you will not
feel cold in winter or feel hot in summer when you’re wearing them. Thirdly, they will stay clean forever and easily
produced by a 3D printer.
Admit it, I can’t wait to have such wonderful clothes.
【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“未来的衣服”为主题从材质、功能及特征等方面描
述想象中的未来衣服。
1.词汇积累
快速：rapid→speedy
不同的：different→various
再生的：recycled→renewable
永远：forever→permanent
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：In other words, you will not feel cold in winter or feel hot in summer when you’re wearing them.
同义句：Put simply, when you have them on, you won’t experience the chill of winter or the heat of summer.
【高分句型1】With the rapid development of science and technology, future clothes in my mind will be quit
different from now.(运用了with复合结构作原因状语)
【高分句型2】In other words, you will not feel cold in winter or feel hot in summer when you’re wearing them.
(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was always the little girl who played with magnets on the kitchen floor. I pieced together model roller
coasters and exhausted a lot of science kits. Learning from my dad as he designed robots, I formed my own ideas,
including an automatic breakfast machine. At 14 years old, I applied to my high school’s Academy of Science,
Engineering, and High Technology. As is unfortunately typical in engineering, female students were criticallyunderrepresented in this academy-there were a mere twenty of us out of ninety total students. This was a tough
challenge for me: as an ambitious female engineer, I needed to advocate my own talents and abilities in a field
where women are often marginalized(边缘化).
Within the first month of the freshman year, we began our first project: a wooden can-crusher(压罐器).I had
worked on projects with boys before， but those were nothing like this. The three of us had one month to research,
design, build, and test our device-a month full of arguing and frustration. My suggestions were turned down. And I
was assigned the “default(默认的)female role” of timekeeper and documentation. I wasn’t expected to be capable
of contributing to anything else. We finished with a functional can-crusher, but I knew this was not how I wanted to
continue as a female engineer.
By the time junior year rolled around, it was time to face the year-long Engineering Design and Development
(EDD) project and state competition. When I agreed to work with two other girls, I had no idea that this would
entirely change my perspective of my ability as a team member, a leader and an engineer. For this competition, we
created a garage parking aidto help drivers prevent side-view mirror damage. Within our team, we created a safe
space where we all valued each other’s input and carried equal responsibilities. After countless experiments and
sleepless nights, we were awarded third place at EDD State, which helped me find the confidence I didn’t have
before.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then came the final year-long project for me, an academy senior.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Thanks to all these experiences, I’ve grown a lot.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________
【答案】
Then came the final year-long project for me, an academy senior. I created a team of people whom I respected
and who respected me in return. As a group of two guys and two girls, we all brainstormed, calculated, designed
and constructed together. I remember the numerous times when we washed oil and metal remains off our hands
together after the laborious work. I also remember we once got stuck with several technical problems, however, we
spared no effort to tackle them. After what seemed like centuries, a two-passenger, gasoline-powered go-kart was
completed. The other day, when we tested it out at the top speed of 27 mph, we felt excited. At that moment, I felt
proud of my team. I felt proud I bravely soldiered on my dreams.
Thanks to all these experiences, I’ve grown a lot. I think I have gained the courage to stand up for myself and
the abilities as a leader and a strong team member. In the process of growth, I learn to be patient. I understand the
meaning of confidence and cooperation. I want to thank my dad for cultivating my interest in engineering. I know I
will encounter many thistles and thorns in the future life, but I don’t fear. I have been determined to succeed as a
biomedical engineer, designing and innovating medical equipment to improve healthcare and human life.
【语篇解读】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者从小喜欢创造，想要成为一名女工程师，经过努力，作
者成功地申请了高中的科学、工程和高科技学院，在大一的一个木制压罐器的项目中还是因为是女性被边
缘化，为了改变这种状况，作者在大三的时候再次和两个女孩合作研发了车库停车辅助装置，并且获得
EDD州立大学第三名。在大学最后一年，作者和自己的团队建造了一辆卡丁车，这些经历也让作者成长了
很多。作者决心成为一名成功的生物医学工程师，设计和创新医疗设备，以改善医疗保健和人类生活。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后是我，一个学院的大四学生最后一年的项目”可知，第一段可描写作者最后一
年的项目情况。
②由第二段首句内容“由于所有这些经历，我成长了很多”可知，第二段可描写作者从这些经历中得出的
感悟。
2.续写线索：大四——创建团队——完成卡丁车——测试成功——感到骄傲自豪——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
处理：tackle /deal with
为……奋斗：soldier on /struggle for尽力：spare no effort to /try one’s best to
情绪类
激动：excited /thrilled
感谢：thank /show gratitude to
[高分句型1] After what seemed like centuries, a two-passenger, gasoline-powered go-kart was completed. (运用
了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] The other day, when we tested it out at the top speed of 27 mph, we felt excited. (运用了when引导
时间状语从句)
