独家原创:高中英语“文体写作(素材与运用)”系列3. 描写文写作1(人物描写)

作者简介：深耕一线英语教学近40载；中考、高考命题研究专家；发表文章2000余篇；主编《英语满分作文》书系、《英语奥林匹克》、《英语写作素材大辞典》、《现代英汉双解大辞典》、《多功能英汉大辞典》等300余本畅销全国的教学及竞赛辅导用书。

本节内容包含：写作概述+ 核心词汇（分类别）+ 提分词块（分类别）+ 经典佳句（分类别）+ 优美语段（分类别）+ 素材运用（分类别）

◆写作概述

英文人物描写文是通过生动形象的语言展现人物独特个性、外貌特征、行为习惯等多方面的文体，旨在使读者清晰地感知人物形象并深入理解其内心世界。

在结构上，通常开篇引入人物，以一个引人注目的细节或对人物的总体印象开启文章，抓住读者注意力。例如，“The first time I saw him, his piercing blue eyes and a mysterious smile on his face made me instantly curious about who he was.” 主体部分则从不同角度细致刻画人物。描写外貌时，会涉及身高、体型、肤色、头发、面部特征等，如“Tall and slender, she has long, flowing golden hair that cascades down her shoulders like a waterfall. Her rosy cheeks and bright green eyes add a touch of vitality to her appearance.” 人物性格通过其言行、爱好、对待事物的态度等来体现，“He is always the first to volunteer in community activities, his selfless and kind-hearted nature shining through every act of helping others.” 还可描述人物的穿着风格，“She is often spotted in vintage dresses paired with a pair of worn-out leather boots, which gives her a unique and bohemian charm.” 结尾部分总结人物的主要特征或留给作者的印象，或者通过一个小事件来进一步强化人物形象，“In a nutshell, he is a complex yet endearing character, whose presence always manages to light up the room and leave a lasting mark on those around him.”

语言运用上，丰富的形容词和副词必不可少，精准地描绘人物细节。同时，运用比喻、拟人、排比等修辞手法能增强文章感染力与生动性，使人物跃然纸上。此外，多运用具体事例支撑对人物的描写，让人物形象更具说服力和可信度，让读者更好地在脑海中构建出鲜活的人物形象并产生深刻印象。

◆核心词汇

一、外貌

1. 形容词：

tall（adj. 高的）

short（adj. 矮的）

slim（adj. 苗条的）

plump（adj. 丰满的）

fair-skinned（adj. 皮肤白皙的）

dark-haired（adj. 黑头发的）

curly（adj. 卷曲的）

straight（adj. 直的）

handsome（adj. 英俊的）

beautiful（adj. 美丽的）

attractive（adj. 有吸引力的）

plain（adj. 相貌平平的）

freckled（adj. 有雀斑的）

oval-faced（adj. 瓜子脸的）

2.名词：

height（n. 身高）

figure（n. 身材）

complexion（n. 肤色）

hair（n. 头发）

face（n. 脸）

eyebrows（n. 眉毛）

eyes（n. 眼睛）

nose（n. 鼻子）

mouth（n. 嘴巴）

chin（n. 下巴）

二、性格

1.形容词：

kind（adj. 善良的）

generous（adj. 慷慨的）

mean（adj. 吝啬的）

brave（adj. 勇敢的）

cowardly（adj. 胆小的）

optimistic（adj. 乐观的）

pessimistic（adj. 悲观的）

outgoing（adj. 外向的）

shy（adj. 害羞的）

confident（adj. 自信的）

humble（adj. 谦逊的）

arrogant（adj. 傲慢的）

patient（adj. 耐心的）

impatient（adj. 不耐烦的）

energetic（adj. 精力充沛的）

lazy（adj. 懒惰的）

2.名词：

personality（n. 个性）

character（n. 性格）

temperament（n. 气质）

attitude（n. 态度）

三、穿着

1.形容词：

fashionable（adj. 时尚的）

casual（adj. 休闲的）

formal（adj. 正式的）

elegant（adj. 优雅的）

scruffy（adj. 邋遢的）

well-dressed（adj. 穿着得体的）

2.名词：

clothes（n. 衣服）

dress（n. 连衣裙）

shirt（n. 衬衫）

pants（n. 裤子）

skirt（n. 裙子）

suit（n. 西装）

jacket（n. 夹克）

shoes（n. 鞋子）

hat（n. 帽子）

四、行为

1.动词：

walk（v. 走路）

run（v. 跑步）

jump（v. 跳跃）

talk（v. 说话）

laugh（v. 大笑）

cry（v. 哭泣）

smile（v. 微笑）

frown（v. 皱眉）

nod（v. 点头）

shake（v. 摇头）

gesture（v. 做手势）

2.名词：

behavior（n. 行为）

action（n. 行动）

gesture（n. 手势）

posture（n. 姿势）

◆提分词块

一、外貌描写

1. a pair of bright and piercing eyes （一双明亮而锐利的眼睛）

2. rosy cheeks （红润的脸颊）

3. a head of thick and shiny hair （一头浓密有光泽的头发）

4. a well-proportioned figure （匀称的身材）

5. a hooked nose （鹰钩鼻）

6. a broad forehead （宽阔的额头）

7. a dimple on the cheek （脸颊上的酒窝）

8. with a slim waist （有着纤细的腰）

9. a square jaw （方下巴）

10. almond-shaped eyes （杏仁眼）

二、性格描写

1. be of a gentle nature （性格温和）

2. have a good sense of humor （有很好的幽默感）

3. be full of enthusiasm （充满热情）

4. be highly self-motivated （自我激励性很强）

5. possess great patience （有极大的耐心）

6. be rather reserved （相当内敛）

7. be an optimist by nature （天生乐观）

8. have a quick temper （脾气急躁）

9. be reliable and trustworthy （可靠且值得信赖）

10. be sociable and friendly （善于社交且友好）

三、穿着打扮

1. be dressed in a stylish suit （穿着一套时尚的西装）

2. wear a pair of trendy jeans （穿着一条时髦的牛仔裤）

3. a simple but elegant dress （一条简单但优雅的连衣裙）

4. a flashy piece of jewelry （一件华丽的珠宝）

5. in casual wear （穿着休闲装）

6. a pair of polished leather shoes （一双擦亮的皮鞋）

7. a fashionable handbag （一个时尚的手提包）

8. with a silk scarf around the neck （脖子上围着一条丝绸围巾）

9. a sporty outfit （一套运动装）

10. a formal evening gown （一件正式的晚礼服）

四、行为举止

1. walk with a confident stride （迈着自信的步伐走路）

2. talk in a soft and gentle voice （轻声细语地说话）

3. give a warm and hearty smile （给予一个热情真诚的微笑）

4. shrug one's shoulders helplessly （无奈地耸耸肩）

5. nod one's head in agreement （点头表示同意）

6. shake one's head in disapproval （摇头表示不同意）

7. fold one's arms across the chest （双臂交叉抱在胸前）

8. tap one's fingers impatiently （不耐烦地敲手指）

9. wave one's hand goodbye （挥手告别）

10 sit with an upright posture （坐姿端正）

◆经典佳句

一、外貌描写

1. She has a face that could stop a clock, with high cheekbones and a pointed chin. （她有一张令人瞩目的脸，高颧骨和尖下巴。）

2. His eyes, as blue as the deep sea, are always filled with a sense of mystery. （他那双像深海一样蓝的眼睛总是充满神秘感。）

3. The girl is blessed with long, silky hair that falls gracefully down her back. （这个女孩拥有一头长而柔顺的头发，优雅地垂在她的背上。）

4. With a height of over six feet, he stands out in a crowd easily. （他身高超过六英尺，在人群中很容易引人注目。）

5. Her petite figure makes her look extremely delicate and charming. （她娇小的身材使她看起来极为娇美迷人。）

6. He has a weather-beaten face that tells the story of a life full of adventures. （他那张饱经风霜的脸诉说着充满冒险的一生。）

7. The woman's thick eyebrows frame her eyes perfectly, adding to her allure. （这位女士浓密的眉毛完美地衬托着她的眼睛，增添了她的魅力。）

8. His muscular build gives the impression that he is strong and capable. （他肌肉发达的体格给人一种强壮且有能力的印象。）

9. She has a fair complexion that glows with a healthy radiance. （她有着白皙的肤色，散发着健康的光泽。）

10. The boy's freckles on his nose are like a constellation, making him look rather cute. （男孩鼻子上的雀斑就像星座一样，使他看起来很可爱。）

二、性格描写

1. He is always willing to lend a helping hand to those in need, which shows his kindness. （他总是愿意向有需要的人伸出援手，这显示出他的善良。）

2. Despite facing many difficulties, she remains optimistic and never gives up. （尽管面临许多困难，她仍然保持乐观，从不放弃。）

3. His patience is truly remarkable, as he can tolerate even the most annoying situations. （他的耐心非常出色，因为他甚至能忍受最恼人的情况。）

4. She is a bit shy and tends to blush when speaking in public. （她有点害羞，在公众场合说话时容易脸红。）

5. The man is extremely confident and always believes in his own abilities. （这个男人非常自信，总是相信自己的能力。）

6. With a great sense of humor, he can always make people around him laugh. （他很有幽默感，总能让周围的人发笑。）

7. She is a very determined person and once she sets a goal, she will go to any lengths to achieve it. （她是一个非常有决心的人，一旦设定目标，就会竭尽全力去实现。）

8. He is known for his generosity, often giving away his possessions to the poor. （他以慷慨著称，经常把自己的财物送给穷人。）

9. Despite his success, he remains humble and never shows off. （尽管取得了成功，他仍然保持谦逊，从不炫耀。）

10. The girl is highly intelligent and can solve complex problems with ease. （这个女孩非常聪明，能轻松解决复杂的问题。）

三、兴趣爱好描写

1. He is passionate about playing football and spends most of his weekends on the football field. （他热衷于踢足球，大部分周末都在足球场上度过。）

2. She has a great love for reading and can often be found lost in a good book. （她非常热爱阅读，经常能看到她沉浸在一本好书中。）

3. Music is his lifeblood and he can play several musical instruments. （音乐是他的命脉，他会演奏几种乐器。）

4. The girl enjoys painting and uses colors to express her inner feelings. （这个女孩喜欢绘画，用色彩来表达内心的感受。）

5. He is an avid traveler and has visited many countries around the world. （他是一个狂热的旅行者，去过世界上许多国家。）

6. She is fond of dancing and her graceful movements are a pleasure to watch. （她喜欢跳舞，她优美的舞姿令人赏心悦目。）

7. Collecting stamps is his hobby and he has a large and valuable collection. （集邮是他的爱好，他有一个庞大且珍贵的集邮收藏。）

8. The woman is into photography and she loves to capture beautiful moments. （这位女士热爱摄影，喜欢捕捉美丽的瞬间。）

9. He spends hours every day practicing the piano, striving for perfection. （他每天花几个小时练习钢琴，力求完美。）

10. She has a particular interest in astronomy and often stargazes at night. （她对天文学特别感兴趣，经常在晚上观星。）

四、行为举止描写

1. He walked into the room with a confident gait, his head held high. （他迈着自信的步伐走进房间，头高高昂起。）

2. She smiled sweetly at everyone she met, making them feel welcome. （她对遇到的每个人都甜甜地微笑，让他们感到受欢迎。）

3. The old man shuffled slowly along the street, leaning on his cane. （老人拄着拐杖，慢慢地沿着街道拖着脚走。）

4. He talked animatedly, his hands gesturing widely to emphasize his points. （他说得很起劲，双手大幅度地比划着以强调他的观点。）

5. She sat quietly in the corner, lost in her own thoughts. （她静静地坐在角落里，陷入自己的沉思中。）

6. The boy ran around the playground, shouting and laughing with his friends. （男孩在操场上跑来跑去，和朋友们大喊大笑。）

7. He scratched his head in confusion when faced with the difficult question. （当面对难题时，他困惑地挠挠头。）

8. She folded her arms across her chest, looking a bit defensive. （她双臂交叉抱在胸前，看起来有点防备。）

9. The man paced back and forth in the room, obviously worried about something. （男人在房间里来回踱步，显然在担心某事。）

10. She nodded her head vigorously in agreement, her eyes shining with enthusiasm. （她用力地点头表示同意，眼睛里闪烁着热情。）

◆优美语段

一、写家人

My Mother

My mother is an extraordinary woman. She has a kind and gentle face with warm eyes that always show her love and care. Her hair is long and black, which she often ties up neatly. She is of medium height and has a slender figure. My mother is extremely patient and understanding. Whenever I face difficulties, she is always there to encourage me and give me useful advice. She spends most of her time taking care of our family, cooking delicious meals and making our home cozy. She is the heart of our family, and her love binds us all together.

我的母亲

我的母亲是一位非凡的女性。她面容和蔼温柔，眼神温暖，总是流露出她的爱与关怀。她的头发又长又黑，常常整齐地束起来。她中等身高，身材苗条。我的母亲极其有耐心且善解人意。每当我遇到困难，她总是在那里鼓励我并给我有用的建议。她把大部分时间都花在照顾家人上，烹饪美味的饭菜，让我们的家温馨舒适。她是我们家庭的核心，她的爱将我们紧紧相连。

二、写朋友

My Best Friend

My best friend, Tom, is a really cool guy. He is tall and has a strong build. His short hair and bright smile make him look very friendly. Tom is an outgoing person and he has a great sense of humor. He can always tell funny jokes and make me laugh. We often play basketball together after school. He is very competitive on the court but also a good sport. Besides sports, we also share our secrets and dreams. He is always there to support me and I know I can rely on him no matter what happens.

我最好的朋友

我最好的朋友汤姆是个很棒的家伙。他个子高，体格健壮。他的短发和灿烂的笑容让他看起来很友善。汤姆是个外向的人，而且很有幽默感。他总能讲有趣的笑话让我发笑。放学后我们经常一起打篮球。在球场上他很有竞争意识，但也很有风度。除了运动，我们还分享彼此的秘密和梦想。他总是在那里支持我，我知道无论发生什么事我都可以依靠他。

三、写老师

My English Teacher

Miss Smith is our English teacher. She is a charming lady with a pair of glasses on her nose. Her eyes are sharp and intelligent, which seem to have the power to penetrate into our minds and understand our thoughts. She has long, wavy hair that adds to her elegance. Miss Smith is very knowledgeable and passionate about teaching. In class, she uses vivid examples and interesting stories to make the lessons lively. She is strict but fair, always pushing us to improve our English skills. With her guidance, we have made great progress in English learning.

我的英语老师

史密斯小姐是我们的英语老师。她是一位迷人的女士，鼻子上架着一副眼镜。她的眼睛敏锐而聪慧，似乎有洞察我们内心、理解我们想法的能力。她有着长长的卷发，更增添了她的优雅。史密斯小姐知识渊博，对教学充满热情。在课堂上，她用生动的例子和有趣的故事让课程生动起来。她严格但公正，总是督促我们提高英语技能。在她的指导下，我们在英语学习上取得了很大的进步。

四、写名人

A Famous Actor - Leonardo DiCaprio

Leonardo DiCaprio is a world-renowned actor. He has a handsome face with piercing blue eyes and a charming smile. His blond hair is usually styled in a casual yet stylish way. DiCaprio is not only known for his good looks but also his outstanding acting skills. He has played a variety of roles in many classic movies, from a young and innocent lover to a tough and determined survivor. He is dedicated to his career and has a strong sense of social responsibility. Through his movies and public speeches, he tries to raise people's awareness of environmental protection and other global issues.

一位著名演员 - 莱昂纳多・迪卡普里奥

莱昂纳多・迪卡普里奥是一位世界著名的演员。他有着英俊的脸庞，深邃的蓝眼睛和迷人的微笑。他的金发通常以一种休闲而时尚的方式打理。迪卡普里奥不仅因其帅气的外表为人所知，还因其出色的表演技巧。他在许多经典电影中扮演了各种各样的角色，从年轻天真的恋人到坚强果断的幸存者。他对自己的事业充满热忱，并且有很强的社会责任感。通过他的电影和公开演讲，他试图提高人们对环境保护和其他全球问题的认识。

五、写陌生人

A Kind Stranger

One day, I was lost in a busy city. I was feeling really panicked when a stranger came up to me. He was a middle-aged man with a friendly face and a warm smile. He had short, black hair and was wearing a simple shirt and jeans. He asked me what was wrong in a gentle voice. After I told him I was lost, he patiently showed me the way on his phone and even walked me part of the way to make sure I wouldn't get lost again. His kindness made me feel grateful and also made me realize that there are still many good people in the world.

一位善良的陌生人

有一天，我在一个繁华的城市里迷路了。我感到非常恐慌时，一个陌生人向我走来。他是一位中年男子，面容友善，笑容温暖。他留着黑色短发，穿着简单的衬衫和牛仔裤。他用温和的声音问我怎么了。我告诉他我迷路后，他耐心地在手机上给我指路，甚至陪我走了一段路以确保我不会再次迷路。他的善良让我心怀感激，也让我意识到世界上仍然有很多好人。

◆素材运用

经典考题1（描写一位对你影响深远的长辈）

请写一篇英语短文介绍一位对你影响深远的长辈，内容包括他 / 她的外貌、性格特点以及对你产生影响的具体事例，词数 100 左右。

【范文1】

My grandfather is the person who has influenced me deeply. He is a tall and thin man with a head of silver hair and a pair of kind eyes. His face is wrinkled but always wears a warm smile. Grandfather is extremely patient and wise. When I was a child learning to ride a bicycle, I fell many times and wanted to give up. But he encouraged me gently, told me to be brave and persistent. He said that every failure was a step closer to success. Under his guidance, I finally mastered riding. His words and deeds have taught me to never be afraid of difficulties and to keep trying in life.

亮点点评：

⑴描写细致：对外祖父的外貌描写较为生动，如“a tall and thin man with a head of silver hair and a pair of kind eyes. His face is wrinkled but always wears a warm smile.”，让人物形象跃然纸上。

⑵事例典型：通过学骑自行车的事例，很好地体现了祖父的耐心鼓励以及对自己的影响，使文章内容充实且有说服力。

【范文2】

The elder who has had a profound impact on me is my aunt. She has a round face with bright big eyes and short black hair. She is always energetic and has a lively personality. My aunt is a great source of inspiration. Once I was preparing for a speech competition and was very nervous. She helped me rehearse, corrected my pronunciation and gestures. She shared her own experiences of facing challenges bravely. Her confidence and optimism infected me. Thanks to her, I overcame my stage fright and performed well in the competition. She made me understand that a positive attitude can help us overcome any obstacle.

亮点点评：

⑴风格活泼：在描写阿姨的性格时用“always energetic and has a lively personality.”，使人物形象充满活力，与后面帮助自己准备演讲比赛的情节相呼应，行文风格较为轻快。

⑵情感真挚：表达了对阿姨的感激之情以及阿姨给自己带来的积极影响，如“She made me understand that a positive attitude can help us overcome any obstacle.”，让读者能真切感受到人物在作者心中的重要性。

经典考题2（描写一位身边的同学）

描写一位你身边的同学，描述他 / 她的独特之处，比如外貌、爱好、性格等方面，词数 100 左右。

【范文1】

My classmate Lucy is really special. She is a petite girl with long, straight hair that shines like a waterfall. Her eyes are as clear as a mountain stream. Lucy is extremely creative. She loves painting and can turn a blank canvas into a beautiful landscape or a vivid portrait. In class, she is always active in answering questions and her unique insights often surprise the teacher and classmates. She is also very friendly and helpful. Whenever someone has a problem, she is the first one to offer a helping hand. Her enthusiasm and kindness make her popular among us.

亮点点评：

⑴比喻生动：在描写外貌时运用了比喻，如“long, straight hair that shines like a waterfall. Her eyes are as clear as a mountain stream.”，增强了文章的文采和感染力。

⑵多面描写：从外貌、爱好、课堂表现以及性格等多方面描写同学，全面地展现了人物的独特之处，使人物形象丰满立体。

【范文2】

There is a remarkable classmate named Tom in my class. He has a strong build and a crew cut. His face is angular and gives an impression of determination. Tom is a sports enthusiast. He is excellent at basketball and can always score amazing baskets on the court. What's more, he is a team player. He encourages his teammates and never blames them for mistakes. Off the court, he is a bit shy but very sincere. He may not talk much but when he does, it is always to the point. His unique charm lies in his simplicity and dedication to what he loves.

亮点点评：

⑴重点突出：围绕同学热爱运动这一特点展开，详细描述了他在篮球场上的表现以及团队精神，突出了人物的独特魅力。

⑵用词精准：“a strong build and a crew cut. His face is angular and gives an impression of determination.” 等描写，用词准确地勾勒出同学的外貌特征和性格特点，简洁而有力。

经典考题3（描写一位你钦佩的名人）

写一篇短文介绍一位你钦佩的名人，包括他 / 她的主要成就、个人品质以及你钦佩他 / 她的原因，词数 100 左右。

【范文1】

The celebrity I admire is Malala Yousafzai. She has a round face with bright, determined eyes and a confident smile. Malala is a fearless advocate for girls' education. Despite facing the threat of the Taliban, she still bravely spoke up for the right of girls to go to school. She was shot but survived and continued her fight. Her courage and perseverance are truly inspiring. She has become a global symbol of the struggle for education and equality. She makes me realize that one person can make a huge difference in the world with unwavering belief and determination.

亮点点评：

⑴选材新颖：选择了马拉拉这一具有国际影响力的人物，其为女孩教育权利抗争的事迹具有很强的感染力和教育意义。

⑵主旨深刻：通过描述马拉拉的经历，深刻地表达了对其勇气和毅力的钦佩，以及她对自己的激励作用，升华了文章主题。

【范文2】

I admire Stephen Hawking. He was a thin man with a distinctive face and a pair of intelligent eyes that seemed to see through the mysteries of the universe. Hawking was a brilliant physicist. His research on black holes and the origin of the universe made significant contributions to the field of science. Despite his physical disabilities, he never gave up his pursuit of knowledge. He used his unique way of thinking and advanced technology to continue his exploration. His indomitable spirit and great wisdom have made him an icon in the scientific community and an inspiration for countless people to strive for their dreams.

亮点点评：

⑴详略得当：简要描述了霍金的外貌后，重点阐述了他在物理学领域的成就以及身残志坚的品质，内容安排合理。

⑵语言凝练：用简洁的语言概括了霍金的主要事迹和影响力，如“His research on black holes and the origin of the universe made significant contributions to the field of science.” 等句子，表达清晰准确。