ARTICLE · 1340194
初中英语定语从句关系词的用法大全
一、关系代词用法
1. that
先行词:人或物
从句成分:主语、宾语、表语;作宾语时that可以省略
例句:I have some photos that I took in Australia last year.我有一些去年在澳大利亚拍的照片。(that作宾语)
I prefer movies that give me something to think about.我更喜欢让我思考的电影。(that作主语)
2. which
先行词:物
从句成分:主语或宾语;作宾语时可省略,在介词后作宾语时不可省略
例句:The train which has just left is for Beijing.刚开走的火车是驶往北京的。(which作主语)
This is the book which he gave me.这就是他给我的那本书。(which作宾语)
3. who
先行词:人
从句成分:主语或宾语;作宾语时可省略
例句:He's the boy who won the English competition last year!他是去年赢得英语比赛的男孩!(who作主语)
4. whom
先行词:人
从句成分:宾语;作宾语时可省略,介词后作宾语不可省略
例句:It is always hard to separate from those whom you have spent so much time with for the past three years.与那些在过去三年间共度许多时光的人分离总是很难的。
5. whose
先行词:人或物
从句成分:定语
例句:It's the school whose door is painted brown.这就是那个门被漆成棕色的学校。(whose = the school's)
口诀速记:
关系代词引定从,它们用法须分清;that可作主与宾,指人指物都能行;which用来指代物,主语宾语都可充;who和whom只指人,作主作宾不相同;whose一词作用大,表人表物都能用。
二、关系副词用法
1. when
先行词:表示时间的名词
从句成分:时间状语,可与on/in/at…+which互换
例句:I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。
2. where
先行词:表示地点的名词
从句成分:地点状语,可与at/in…+which互换
例句:Tom wants to go to a place where he can calm down.汤姆想去一个能让他平静的地方。
3. why
先行词:表示原因的名词
从句成分:原因状语,可与for which互换
例句:Is this the reason why she refused our offer of help?这就是她拒绝我们的帮助的理由吗?
易错警示
①关系副词引导定语从句时只起状语的作用,既不能作动词的宾语,也不能作介词的宾语。
②先行词表示时间时,如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则不能用when。
③先行词是the reason时,如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,要用that或which。















































































